JP4351604B2 - Oriented laminating equipment for wooden pieces - Google Patents

Description

  In the present invention, when a high-strength wood-based composite material is obtained by press-molding a mat formed by orienting and laminating long and slender wood pieces to which a binder is attached or mixed, the wood piece used for obtaining the mat is obtained. The present invention relates to an alignment laminating apparatus.

The wood material mixed with the binder is aligned in the same direction as the fiber direction of the wood material piece (high strength direction of anisotropic material), that is, oriented to form a wood-based mat, which is pressed Alternatively, a molded plate obtained through a heating process or the like is known to drastically improve the mechanical strength and physical strength in the fiber direction, such as LSL (Laminated Strand Lumber) and PSL (Parallel). There are materials that can be used as structural materials, such as strands and lumbers.
As an orientation laminating device for wood material pieces, various devices are known in which wood pieces are naturally dropped and passed between orientation plates for orientation (see Patent Documents 1, 2, 3, etc.).

JP 10-34615 A JP 59-48324 A Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 4-16046

  Patent Document 1 states that “a mixture obtained by mixing a strip of wood and a binder is dropped from between a plurality of slit plates provided in parallel and sequentially deposited on a call plate, followed by pressure molding. In the method of manufacturing a piece of wood piece, the spacing between the desired opposing slit plates among the slit plates is arranged so as to be less than or equal to half of the average length of the wood strips, while the other opposing The slit plates are arranged so that the interval between the slit strips is equal to or greater than the average length of the strips, and the strip strips are dropped from between the slit plates to form an oriented portion and a non-oriented portion. Is disclosed.

In this manufacturing method, slit plates having different intervals are combined and arranged with a gap between the lower end side and the upper surface of the conveying device, and the strips of wood are passed between the slit plates to be oriented in the deposits of strips of wood. It forms different parts.
In order to highly orient and laminate the wood pieces, it is effective to narrow the interval between the slits as the orientation means as much as possible. However, the narrower the slit interval, the more the laminated mat in the slit. The force received from the transfer surface is reduced. In this case, if the friction received from the slit increases the force received from the conveying surface, the laminated mat in the slit can no longer proceed, the mat may break, and the product density may vary (strength variation, decrease) Alignment lamination becomes difficult.
If the mat is stacked high to obtain a thick product without narrowing the slit interval, the friction received from the slit increases with respect to the conveying force received from the conveying surface, as in the case of reducing the slit interval. Similar results are obtained.
Therefore, in the method of manufacturing a wood piece plate-like body described in Patent Document 1, the frictional force is reduced by reciprocating the slit plate in the mat conveying direction, that is, by double acting in the horizontal direction, and Trying to prevent clogging between slit plates.

However, in some actual equipment, the slit interval is slightly narrower (about -1mm level) with respect to the traveling direction due to insufficient machining accuracy. In this case, the slit plate is double-acted in the mat conveying direction. However, clogging of the wooden piece is inevitable.
In this way, when obtaining a product with a large thickness relative to the slit interval, or when manufacturing a highly oriented and high-strength product by reducing the slit interval, in addition, the wood material from the viewpoint of equipment as a real problem The piece may stop flowing in the slit, and a solution to this point is required.

  The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and to align a long and slender wooden material piece in which a binder is mixed or adhered substantially in the length direction, and on the transport table, a thick wooden mat. An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus capable of smoothly laminating layers.

  An orientation laminating apparatus for wood material pieces according to claim 1, wherein the wood material pieces orienting means for stacking the wood material pieces to which the binder is adhered or mixed while being aligned substantially in the length direction; A plurality of plates arranged in parallel so as to be substantially parallel to the transport direction and located immediately above the transport means for the laminated mat. A vibration mechanism that vibrates obliquely upward with respect to the conveying direction of the mat by the conveying means is provided, and a protrusion that kicks up the wooden material piece with the vibration is provided on a surface that contacts the wooden material piece of each plate. It is characterized by that.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the oriented stacking apparatus for wooden pieces according to the first aspect, wherein the protrusion extends in a direction smaller than the angle with respect to the obliquely upward direction of the vibration direction of the orientation means. It is provided.

  A wood material orientation laminating apparatus according to claim 3 is the wood material piece orientation laminating device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the protrusion is laminated on a conveying means below the orientation means above the lower end of the plate. It is arranged below the upper end position of the mat surface.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the wood material piece orientation laminating device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the wood material piece orientation laminating device has a stepwise height according to the height of the surface of the laminated mat on which the protrusions are laminated. It is characterized by being arranged with a different height.

  The oriented stacking device for wood pieces according to claim 5 is the oriented stacking device for wood pieces according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that they are arranged at different heights on the plate surfaces facing each other. .

  The orientation stacking apparatus for wood pieces according to claim 6 is the orientation stacking apparatus for wood pieces according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein gaps between the lower ends of the plurality of plates of the orientation means and the surface of the transport means are laminated. It is characterized by being gradually spread according to the height of the surface of the laminated mat.

A piece of wood that is formed by mixing a strip of wood and a binder, dropped from between a plurality of parallel slit plates, sequentially deposited on a conveying surface to form a mat, and then press-molded. In the manufacturing method of the plate-like body, the width of the slit between the plates is significantly smaller than the thickness of the mat, the thickness of the mat is significantly larger than the width of the slits between the plates, and the spacing between the plates is on the downstream side of the conveyance. If the coefficient of friction between the plate and the mat becomes large due to narrowing, smooth conveyance of the mat cannot be guaranteed.For example, the mat will be cracked. It is effective to apply force or vertical component force.
When a plurality of plates that are positioned immediately above the conveying means and are erected in parallel so as to be substantially parallel to the conveying direction are vibrated obliquely upward with respect to the conveying direction, they are supplied from above these plates. Even if the wood piece passing through the slit between plates receives the component force in the conveyance direction and the component force in the vertical direction, the component force in the conveyance direction and the component force in the vertical direction cannot be expected much because of the reciprocal ± effect.
However, in the orientation laminating apparatus of the wood material pieces according to claim 1 or 2, the projection is provided on the surface of the plate so that the wood material pieces are placed on the upper surface when the diagonally upward vibration is going forward.
Therefore, the above-mentioned kicking effect can be sufficiently exerted without kicking up the wooden piece by the upper surface of the protrusion, and the conveying mat and vertical component can be sufficiently applied to the wooden mat as a whole reciprocation.

  In the orientation laminating apparatus for wood material pieces according to claim 3, the projection is disposed above the lower end of the plate and below the upper end position of the wooden mat surface laminated on the conveying means below the orientation means. However, the wooden mat is inevitably conveyed while being positioned in the wooden mat in the middle of the lamination of the wooden material pieces, and the lifting effect by the protrusion can be reliably generated.

  In the orientation laminating apparatus for wood material pieces according to claim 4, since the height is arranged in stages according to the height of the surface of the laminated mat on which the protrusions are laminated, the thick wood laminated mat portion is arranged. Can increase the number of protrusions, and even in a thick wood mat part, the (lamination mat thickness) / (upper and lower spacing of protrusions) can be made sufficiently small so that the above-mentioned protrusions can be fully improved. .

  In the orientation stacking apparatus for the wood material pieces according to claim 5, since the plate surfaces facing each other are arranged at different heights, the narrow gap between the projections that is likely to occur when the both projections are the same height. Clogging with wooden pieces can be avoided well.

  According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the gap between the lower ends of the plurality of plates of the orientation means and the surface of the conveying means is gradually widened according to the height of the laminated mat surface to be laminated. The orientation of the wood material piece in the wood mat part at the widened area has already ended when passing through the slit between the upstream boards, and the contact area between the board surface and the wood material piece is reduced by the amount of the widened gap. Thus, the frictional force that the mat in the stack receives from the plate surface can be reduced.

  Therefore, according to the first to sixth aspects, the wooden mat can be given sufficient conveying direction force and vertical direction component force to eliminate clogging of the wooden material pieces, and the cracking of the wooden mat can be eliminated well.

Hereinafter, basic embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1-1 (a) is a side view showing an example of an orientation laminating device for wood pieces according to claims 1 and 2, and (b) in FIG. 1-1 is a plan view. 1-1 (c) shows a side view of the parallel plates in the orientation means, and a (d) cross-sectional view of (d) in FIG. 1-1.
In FIG. 1-1, 6 is a conveyance means, for example, a belt conveyor. Reference numeral 3 denotes an orienting means, and a plurality of plates 31, 32,... That are positioned immediately above the conveying means and arranged in parallel so as to be substantially parallel to the conveying direction, and these plates are connected to the mat M by the conveying means. A vibrator 5 that vibrates obliquely upward with respect to the transport direction is provided. Reference numeral 2 denotes supply means for supplying a piece of wood material between the plates of the orientation means, for example, a belt conveyor.
30 is a protrusion provided on the surface of each plate, that is, the surface with which the wooden piece comes into contact, so that the wooden piece between the plates can be kicked up along with the diagonally upward vibration of the plate with respect to the diagonally upward direction thereof. Are extended in the direction of a small angle, for example, in the horizontal direction.

で与えられ、点ｂでの高さｈは

で与えられる。
而して、Ｑを一定と仮定すれば
ｈ＝ＱＬ／Ｖ
で与えられ（Ｌは点ａ−ｂ間の距離）、点ｂより搬送下流側では木質材片の供給がないから、高さはｈのままである。 The wood material pieces are supplied and dispersed from the supply means 2 to the conveying means 6 through the parallel plates 31, 32,... Of the orientation means 3, and the dispersion is from point a to approximately point b in FIG. Suppose it is done between.
The wood material piece stacking height h (x) at the point x is an accumulation of the supply amount at the points a to x, the supply amount per unit time and unit width is Q, and the transport speed of the transport means 6 is V. Then

And the height h at point b is

Given in.
Thus, if Q is assumed to be constant, h = QL / V
(L is the distance between the points a and b), and there is no supply of the wooden material piece downstream from the point b, so the height remains h.

The height H (height from the conveying surface) of the plates 31, 32,... Of the orientation means 3 is slightly higher than h and the width W is slightly wider than L.
The wood material pieces from the supply means 2 are deposited on the conveying means 6 through the inter-plate slits of the orientation means 3, and in the inter-plate slits 41, 42,. This oriented laminate, that is, the mat M is conveyed by the conveying means 6.
In this case, S _2, while the coefficient of friction contact area of the contact area S _1, the friction coefficient mu _1, the mat portion and the plate 31, 32, ... and the mat portion and the conveying means 6 in the orientation means 3 Is μ ₂ , in order to guarantee smooth conveyance without cracking of the mat,
S ₁ · μ ₁ > S ₂ · μ ₂
It is necessary to establish
Therefore, since S2 is approximately proportional to the thickness h of the mat, it can be expressed by S ₂ = kh (k is a constant), and S ₁ is approximately proportional to the total width g of the inter-plate slits 41, 42,. Therefore, S ₁ = k′g (k ′ is a constant), and kgμ1> k′hμ2, that is, (k · μ ₁ ) / (k ′ · μ ₂ )> h / g
Is established.
Accordingly, if (b) the width g of the inter-plate slit is significantly smaller than the mat thickness H, or (b) the mat thickness h is remarkably larger than the width g of the inter-plate slit, this basic formula is established. As described above, it is impossible to guarantee smooth conveyance of the mat, and for example, the mat is cracked. (C) Further, when the spacing between the plates is narrowed on the downstream side of the transport, substantially because the friction coefficient mu ₂ between the plate and the mat is large, smooth conveyance of the mat no longer satisfied the basic formula As described above, it cannot be guaranteed and, for example, the mat is cracked.

  Therefore, in the present invention, the plates 31, 32,... Of the orientation means 3 are vibrated obliquely upward with respect to the conveying direction, and the projections 30 for kicking up the wooden material pieces along with this vibration are provided on the plate surface. The upward force is applied to the wooden piece in the slit by the vibration applied to the orientation means, and at the same time, the force is applied in the traveling direction. The wooden piece in the slit advances in the conveying direction by overcoming the friction received from the slit by the force applied in the traveling direction. Also, even if the width of the slit becomes narrower in the direction of travel of the laminated mat, the wooden material piece in the slit is pushed up, so that the amount of the narrowed mat is released upward and the wooden material piece is moved into the slit. It is possible to proceed while eliminating clogging.

The protrusions may be provided intermittently 301, 301,... In the conveying direction as shown in FIG. 1-2, but preferably provided in a straight line as shown in FIG. The direction of the angle smaller than the angle obliquely above the vibration direction given to the plate of the orientation means. Usually, it is provided in the horizontal direction.

When the mounting direction of the protrusion is upward from the obliquely upward direction of the vibration direction, the propulsive force applied to the wooden piece from the upper surface side of the protrusion is opposite to the conveying direction, and the progress of the mat is hindered. If the direction of the angle is smaller than the diagonally upward angle of the vibration direction, the wooden material pieces on the upper surface side of the protrusion are repeatedly mated with vibrations in the upward direction and propulsive force in the conveying direction. Even if it exists, it becomes easy to convey.
In this case, the wooden material piece on the lower surface side of the protrusion receives a force opposite to the traveling direction from the protrusion by the protrusion, but unlike the wooden material piece on the upper surface side of the protrusion repeatedly receiving the driving force, the wooden material piece once moved downward. A piece of wood is not kicked up and is unlikely to receive reverse thrust.

The shape of the protrusion is not particularly limited, but it is desirable that the upper surface of the protrusion is flat and perpendicular to the slit in order to reliably apply an upward or traveling force to the wooden piece (laminated mat). Further, a triangular shape or a quadrangular shape can be selected as appropriate.
When the upper surface side is not horizontal or circular, the upward or traveling force applied to the wooden piece is reduced, resulting in variations in product density and difficulty in transporting the wooden mat.

1-3 (a), if A is a cross section of the mat, as shown by the point p, the wooden material pieces are kicked up at the locations evenly distributed as much as possible, and the component force in the conveying direction and the component in the vertical direction are The force is preferably applied to the mat in a uniform dispersion pattern, and examples of the dispersion pattern of the protrusions in this case include those shown in FIG.
In this example, protrusions provided at the same height are included on the surface of the plates facing each other, but the gap between such protrusions is relatively narrow, and a piece of wood material is easily caught in this gap. As shown in FIG. 1-3 (C), it is preferable that the protrusions on the plate surfaces facing each other have different heights.

  As shown by 301 and 302 in FIG. 1-4, if the protrusions are provided with stepped heights corresponding to the height of the surface of the laminated mat laminated in the orientation means, the thick wooden laminated mat portion is provided. Can increase the number of protrusions, and even in a thick wood mat part, the (lamination mat thickness) / (upper and lower spacing of protrusions) can be made sufficiently small so that the above-mentioned effect of raising the protrusions can be exerted satisfactorily. In addition, it is possible to avoid that the wood material piece dropped on the thin wood laminate mat portion is caught by the protrusion on the surface of the mat portion.

  Moreover, as shown in FIGS. 1-5, it is preferable that the clearance gap between the lower end 300 of the several board of an orientation means and a conveyance means surface is gradually extended to conveyance downstream according to the height of the lamination | stacking mat | matte surface laminated | stacked. . In this case, the orientation of the wood material piece of the wood mat portion in the widened portion has already ended when passing through the slit between the upstream plates, and the contact area between the plate surface and the wood material piece by the amount of the widened gap. Thus, the frictional force that the mats being laminated receive from the plate surface can be reduced accordingly.

  The material of the plate and the protrusion is not particularly limited, and an appropriate material can be selected. For example, stainless steel, iron, steel, aluminum, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, vinyl chloride resin, silicon resin, fluororesin, urethane rubber, and the like can be given. The material of the plate and the protrusion may be the same or different materials.

The height of the protrusion from the plate surface is appropriately selected according to the thickness of the wooden piece and the interval between the slits. When the slit interval is 20 mm or less with a wood material piece having a thickness of 1 to 8 mm, it is set to about 1 to 3 mm. If it is smaller than this, it will be difficult to apply sufficient force to the wooden piece, which will hinder the progress of the mat. On the other hand, if it is larger than this, the wooden piece will be caught between the slits and the projections or between the projections, or will be easily caught, and the progress of the mat will be hindered.
Further, the width of the protrusion (vertical direction) is preferably as narrow as possible so as not to hinder the progress of the mat, but is usually about 2 to 5 mm for the convenience of attachment.
If the length of the protrusion is short, a sufficient force cannot be applied, and it is desirable that the length be sufficient to cover the area where the laminated wood mat and the plate (slit) of the orientation means are in contact.
The protrusion is basically attached between the lower end of the slit and the surface of the laminated mat in the slit.
The position and number of protrusions are appropriately determined according to the height of the wooden mat to be laminated and the interval between the slits. When the wood mat is thickened (when h is increased), it is effective to increase the number of protrusions to increase the upward and conveying propulsive force applied to the wood mat.
Also, if the upper and lower intervals of the protrusions are too wide or too narrow, it will be difficult to apply a uniform force to the mat, especially if it is too wide, the force applied will be insufficient, and if it is too narrow, the wood material piece will be caught and the mat will be Since it becomes difficult to advance, it is desirable to set the space | interval of the upper and lower sides to the same extent as a slit width.

The wood species used in the present invention mainly includes conifers such as cedar, cypress, spruce, fur, radiata pine, and broadleaf trees such as birch, apiton, chamelere, sengonlaut, and aspen. Not only plant materials that are produced, but also plant materials that are produced outside forests, such as bamboo and gorilla, can be included.
Forms that can be used as raw materials are not particularly limited, but include, for example, the above logs of logs, raw materials such as thinned wood, scraps generated at factories and residential construction sites, waste pallet materials discarded after transportation of materials, and construction Examples include demolition waste materials generated during dismantling.
The processing method to make the above-mentioned raw material wood pieces is a method of cutting a veneer processed with a rotary cutter into a chopsticks shape to make a stick, a method of cutting a log into a strand with a rotary blade of a flaker, a uniaxial crushing A method of crushing wood by rotating a roll with a blade on the surface of the machine can be used. And when the thickness of the timber pieces crushed as described above is uneven, they are classified into pieces of wood material having a certain range of thickness as necessary. The classification method is not particularly limited as long as it can be classified within a certain range of thicknesses. For example, classification is performed using a wave roller type classifier (equipment for continuously classifying based on the thickness of a piece of wood). can do.

  The wood piece thus obtained is usually mixed with a binder by coating, spraying or mixing before lamination. Examples of the binder include phenolic resin, urea resin, isocyanate, and the like, adhesives for wood industry used for plywood and particle board. These binders can be used alone or in combination of two or more. The binder may be in liquid or powder form, but in the case of liquid, it is generally sprayed onto the wooden piece or mixed with the wooden piece and supplied to the oriented laminating apparatus in a state of being supported on the wooden piece in advance. . In the case of powder, it is generally supplied to the orientation laminating apparatus in a state where it is uniformly mixed with the wood piece.

  Furthermore, it is preferable that the moisture content of the wooden piece is constant. By making the moisture content constant, it is possible to eliminate the quality variation of the wood-based composite material during production. A preferable water content is 0 to 30%. As a method for keeping the moisture content constant, for example, a method of leaving a piece of wood material for a certain period of time in a temperature-controlled oven can be mentioned. Incidentally, when left in an oven at 50 ° C. for 24 hours, the water content is maintained at about 5%.

The wood piece has an elongated shape. That is, it is a chip in which the fiber direction of the tree is the same as the length direction, and the thickness and width are both 0.1 mm or more and there is no upper limit, but the thickness of the wood-based composite material to be manufactured It is preferable that it is 1/5 or less. The length is preferably at least 5 times the dimension of the larger width or thickness. However, in order to improve the appearance of the product, a wooden piece of 0.1 mm or less may be arranged on the surface side.

  Aligning the wood pieces almost in the length direction means imaging the surface state after lamination, measuring the angle between the long axis direction of the long wood pieces and the direction of the reference line, and calculating the average value. Calculate and do. The state of being oriented substantially in one direction means that the average value (average orientation angle) of the angle formed by the direction of the reference line and the major axis direction of the wood material side is ± 30 °, preferably ± 25 ° by this method. The state inside. In addition, the direction of a reference line means the direction along a conveyance direction, and corresponds with the length direction of the obtained wood composite material.

The conveying means includes a call board mounted on the belt conveyor or on the roller conveyor in addition to the belt conveyor. A wood laminate mat in which binder wood adhering or adhering wood material pieces are oriented and laminated is transported to a press machine by a conveying means, and is pressed or thermoformed by a press device to be a wood composite material having a desired thickness. Formed. The heating method is not particularly limited, but for example, there is a method of transferring heat from the surface of a wooden piece like a hot platen to the inside by heat transfer, or a method of directly heating the inside such as steam injection or high frequency heating. Can be mentioned.
The coal plate is a metal plate of a predetermined size such as stainless steel, iron, aluminum, etc., on which a piece of wood material oriented and laminated is placed and a wood laminate mat is conveyed.

  Further, the wood composite material obtained from the wood laminate mat is preferably subjected to annealing treatment, cutting and sanding in order to improve the dimensional accuracy and surface properties after press molding.

In order to obtain a molded product having uniform physical properties, it is desirable that the distance between the plates be equal within the range of the groove width. If the gaps between the plates are the same, the degree of orientation of the wood material pieces for each groove is substantially the same, and therefore the effect of reducing the strength variation of the obtained molded product is increased. If the spacing is not uniform beyond this range, the strength of the obtained wood-based composite material may vary.
It is preferable that the parallel plates are integrated with each other by a belt-like plate or the like. The vibration means is attached to the belt-like plate or the outermost plate. The connection method is not particularly limited, but must be a method that does not prevent the wooden piece from falling through the gap. For example, as an example, there may be mentioned a method in which the upstream upper end portion or the downstream upper end portion of the plate constituting the orientation means is connected by welding or the like.
In order to obtain a high-strength wood-based composite material, there is a more preferable relationship between the width of the space between the plates (gap) and the thickness of the wood piece. For example, the thickness of the wood piece is 1 mm. When it is ˜11 mm, the groove width is preferably 20 mm to 40 mm, and when the thickness of the wooden piece is 3 mm to 5 mm, the groove width is preferably 15 mm to 30 mm.

  It is preferable that the upper end sides of the plurality of plates are inclined along the transport direction. In this case, the long and narrow wooden piece placed on the plate becomes slippery when the plate vibrates, partly falls into the gap, and part moves while sliding or jumping along the inclination. Therefore, the fallen wooden material piece stays in the same place on the top edge of the board and is not caught by the next falling wooden material piece so that the fall is not hindered. The pieces can be urged to smoothly fall into the gap, and the wood material pieces can be more uniformly and smoothly oriented and laminated on the conveying device.

A gap of a predetermined distance is provided between the upper surface of the conveying unit and the lower ends of the plurality of connected plates so that the lower end of the plate does not collide with the upper surface of the conveying unit during vibration. The lower end of the plate on both sides of the aligning device is usually about 1 to 5 mm, although it depends on the amplitude of the aligning means. If it is smaller than 1 mm, the upper surface of the conveying means and the lower end of the plate may come into contact with each other when the conveying means shakes, and the conveying means may be damaged. The orientation may be disturbed.

  For other plates, the distance is about 5 to 50 mm. If it is narrower than 5 mm, the orientation is sufficient, but the friction between the wooden piece and the plate increases, and if it is larger than 50 mm, the oriented wooden piece may be disturbed by the vibration of the orienting means.

The length of the wood material pieces can be substantially aligned when passing between the plates, but if the average orientation angle exceeds 30 °, the orientation is insufficient and a wood-based composite material having the required strength can be obtained. Usually, the angle is adjusted to be within a range of ± 30 °, preferably ± 25 °.
However, if an attempt is made to obtain a wood laminate mat whose average orientation angle is within ± 10 °, it is usually necessary to keep the interval between the connected plates to 15 mm or less, depending on the aspect ratio of the wood material pieces. Thus, the wood material piece is easily clogged in the gap between the plates.
In addition, when the stacking height is less than 30 mm, the number of wooden material pieces to be stacked decreases, and the strength variation of the obtained molded product tends to increase. When the stacking height exceeds 100 mm, the stacking mat cracks during orientation stacking. Since the tendency which becomes easy is seen, normally, the lamination | stacking height is often made into the range of 30-100 mm.
For example, at a conveyance speed of 0.2 to 3 m / min, an average orientation angle (an average value of an angle formed by the long axis direction of the wood piece and the conveyance direction of the wood laminate mat) is 10 to 25 °, and the stack height is 30. When obtaining a wood laminate mat having a size of ˜100 mm, the angle of vibration is preferably about 10 ° to 75 ° in the direction of travel of the transport device.

When the vibration direction is less than 10 ° elevation angle or more than 75 °, if the stacking height is increased, the wood material pieces are easily clogged in the gaps between the plates.
The amplitude of vibration or the frequency of vibration is such that a piece of wood material straddling the board falls into the gap, and the wood material piece that has fallen and oriented on the transport device slides and dances again. It is sufficient that the orientation is not disturbed, and it is determined by appropriately selecting according to the amount, properties, size, and the like of the wood piece to be supplied.

  The attachment structure of the vibrator is not particularly limited as long as it does not affect the insertion of the wooden piece. For example, when a plurality of plates as described above are connected by a metal plate or the like, they can be attached to the metal plate. Further, the vibrator is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that the vibration, the vibration frequency, or the vibration direction is variable and the optimum vibration condition can be selected according to the situation.

Next, more specific embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 2-1 is a perspective view of the wood chip orientation device of the present invention.
The orientation laminating apparatus 1 according to the present invention includes a wood chip supply device 2, an orientation device 3, and a transport device 6. In the orientation device 3, a plurality of metal plates 31, 32,... Are erected in parallel along the transport direction, and gaps 41, 42,. The ends of the plurality of plates 31, 32,... Are connected by welding with a metal band 51, and the vibration applying device 5 is connected to the metal plate 51 as a vibration means.
The upper end sides of the plates 31, 32,... Are inclined so as to be gradually lowered toward the transport direction. Further, a gap is provided between the lower ends of the plates 31, 32,... And the upper surface of the transport device 6.
As shown in (a) and (b) of FIG. 2-1 [a cross-sectional view of FIG. In addition, the angle is smaller than the diagonally upward direction of the vibration direction of the plate described below.

The vibration applying mechanism 5 is a metal plate 51 provided across the two plates on both sides of the orientation device 3.
In addition, the vibrator 52 and the spring 53 for supporting the entire orientation laminating apparatus 1 on the support portion 54 are configured. In the illustrated case, the springs 53 are provided at the four corners of the orientation laminating apparatus 1. However, the number and the support position or the support method are not particularly limited, so that the orientation laminating apparatus vibrates stably. Any method may be used, and a suitable method can be selected and designed according to the situation depending on the weight, size, or center of gravity position of the apparatus.

  The conveyance means 6 has a conveyance direction parallel to the plates 31, 32,. Moreover, the supply means 2 of the wood chip | tip P with a binder mentioned in full detail later is arrange | positioned at the upper end part of the board | plates 31, 32, ... of the orientation apparatus 3. FIG.

  The supply means 2 includes a belt conveyor 21 and a leveling roller 22 provided with a plurality of ring-shaped ridges 23 parallel to the surface thereof.

The steps of the method for manufacturing the wooden piece used in the oriented laminating apparatus of FIGS. 2-1 and 2-2 are shown in FIGS. 3-1 to 3-3. Fig. 3-1 is a process for classifying crushed wood pieces, Fig. 3-2 is a process for adjusting the moisture content in a high-temperature and high-humidity chamber, and Fig. 3-3 is a schematic diagram for explaining a process for mixing a binder. .
First, as shown in FIG. 3-1, a crushed wood material piece P1 obtained by crushing or cutting waste wood with a crusher or a cutting machine (not shown) is classified into a classifier 7 (in this example, a wave roller). Classifying by a classifier of a system) to obtain a classified wood material piece P2 having a thickness of 1 mm to 11 mm and a length of 1 cm to 15 cm.
Next, as shown in FIG. 3-2, the wood piece P2 is placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber 8 maintained in an atmosphere of a temperature of 40 ° C. to 110 ° C. and a relative humidity of 1% to 60% and left for 12 hours or more. After obtaining the wood material piece P3 whose moisture content has been adjusted, as shown in FIG. 3-3, the material is put into the drum blender 9, and the binder 10 is sprayed onto the wood material piece P3 in the drum blender 9, In the blender 9, the wood material piece P3 carries the binder 10 to obtain the wood material piece P with the binder.

  Then, the wood piece P with the binder thus obtained is placed on the belt conveyor 21 of the supply means 2 and joined on the belt conveyor 21 by the leveling roller 22, as shown in FIG. 2-1. .. Are continuously supplied to the gaps 41, 42,... Of the orientation device 3 while leveling the thickness of the wood piece P with the agent so as to be substantially constant. In the orientation means 3, the plates 31, 32,... Of the orientation means are vibrated by the vibration applying means 5, and the wood material piece P with the binder spanned on the plates by this vibration is the gaps 41, 42,. Are stacked on the transport surface of the transport means 6 while being oriented by the gaps 41, 42,.

  The vibrator 52 may be attached anywhere on the aligning means 3, but it goes without saying that the center of gravity must be balanced so that abnormal vibration and residual vibration do not occur in the entire aligning means. The vibration direction is preferably upward from the surface of the belt conveyor 6, obliquely upward and forward, or transverse direction (TD) of the belt conveyor 6 toward the traveling direction (MD) of the belt conveyor 6. However, when the supply amount of the wooden piece P is small, the wooden piece P hanging on the plates 31, 32, 33,...・ It can be changed as appropriate depending on the case. In addition, a support spring for supporting the entire orientation means 3 that vibrates, for example, a plurality of support springs 54, is provided at the main part of the orientation means 3.

  The wooden piece P dropped while maintaining the orientation state is received directly on the upper surface of the conveying means 6 or on the wooden piece P previously placed on the conveying device 6, and the wooden laminated mat M having a predetermined thickness is received. Are laminated one after another, and the wood laminate mat M is conveyed by a conveying means 6 toward a pressing device (not shown). The wood laminate mat M that has been sent is press-molded by a press device to obtain a wood-based composite material.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, as in the above-described embodiment, the entire orientation device 3 is suspended by a spring other than the method of providing the side reinforcing plates of the plates 31, 32, 33,... And directly attaching the vibrator 52 thereto. It is also possible (not shown).
In the above-described embodiment, a belt conveyor is used for the conveying means 6, but a roller conveyor can also be used. In the above embodiment, the wooden piece P is received directly on the belt conveyor 6. However, a call board (not shown) is placed on the conveyor, and the wooden piece is placed on the board. P can also be deposited.

A board wood material piece P1 purchased from a wood waste disposal contractor is classified using a wave roller type classifier 7 (wave roller screen, manufactured by Taihei Co., Ltd.), and a wood material piece P2 having a thickness of 1 to 8 mm is obtained. Collected. This wooden piece P2 is left in a heating oven 8 having an atmospheric temperature of 50 ° C. for 24 hours, and the water content is adjusted until the water content becomes 5.2% by weight, thereby obtaining a wooden piece P3 having been adjusted in water content.
Next, the wood material piece P3 with adjusted water content was put into the drum blender 9, and the isocyanate adhesive 10 was mixed so as to be 5% by weight with respect to the wood. The wood material piece P obtained in this way was put into the orientation laminating apparatus 1 to perform orientation lamination.

The alignment layering apparatus used in this example is shown in FIGS. 2-1 and 2-2.
In the orientation means 3, a stainless steel plate having a length of 400 mm, a height of 500 mm, and a thickness of 1.2 mm is erected in parallel with a slit gap of 17.5 mm, and the distance between the lower end of the plate and the belt conveyor surface is set to 3 mm. What used the shape which rounded up the board lower end toward the exit from the center part was used. The upper end of the plate was inclined at an angle of 10 ° from the horizontal toward the traveling direction of the belt conveyor.
The protrusions were attached horizontally at positions of 5 mm and 30 mm from the lower end of the plate in FIG. The height of the projection is 1 mm and the width is 3 mm. One projection having a length of 210 mm is located 5 mm from the lower end, and one projection having a length of 360 mm is located 30 mm from the lower end. As shown in Fig. 1, the plates were attached to the plate surfaces facing each other.

A metal belt is provided by winding the entire orientation laminating apparatus in a belt shape, and the individual plates 31, 32, 33,... Are welded to the metal belt 51 at the end of the belt conveyor 6 in the MD direction. It is comprised so that it may become one. A vibrator 52 (vibration motor RV-24D, manufactured by Shinko Electric Co., Ltd.) is fixed to the TD side of the belt conveyor 6 of the metal belt so that the vibration direction is 25 ° obliquely upward and forward from the horizontal. Support springs 53 are provided at the four corner positions of the metal belt 51 to support the entire alignment layering apparatus 1 on a support base 54. The vibration direction was approximately 25 ° above the horizontal direction, the amplitude was 2 mm, and the number of vibrations was 1710 times / minute.
As the conveying means, a belt board on which a coal plate was mounted was used, and the conveying speed was 1 m / min.
The wood material piece P subjected to the above-described treatment was thrown from the wood material piece supply means 2 to the upstream end of the orientation means 2 by free fall to form a wood laminate mat M having a thickness of 50 mm.

(Comparative Example 1)
Example 1 was the same as Example 1 except that the protrusions were omitted.

(Comparative Example 2)
Example other than the conventional orientation laminating means (means according to Patent Document 3) having the bottom plate shown in FIG. 4 except that the inclination of the bottom plate is 10 °, the vibration condition is 0.8 mm and the vibration frequency is 3600 times / minute. 1 was used to form a wood laminate mat M.
The alignment means used in this comparative example has substantially the same configuration as the alignment means shown in Example 1 of the present invention except that a bottom plate B is provided at the lower end of each plate. In this orientation laminating means, a piece of wood material dropped to the upstream side is laminated on the bottom plate B having an inclined surface, and is sent downward along the inclined surface by the vibration of the apparatus.

(Comparative Example 3)
The same as Comparative Example 2 except that the amplitude was 1.2 mm and the number of vibrations was 3500 times / minute.

As a result of forming the wood laminate mat according to the example and the comparative example, in Example 1, it was possible to form smoothly and there was no clogging of the wood material piece P.
On the other hand, in any of the comparative examples, the wooden material piece P was clogged. In Comparative Example 1, a slight mat crack was observed, in Comparative Example 3, a moderate mat crack was observed, and in Comparative Example 2, a severe crack was observed. It was.
In particular, in Comparative Example 3, there are places where the moving speed of the wooden mat is increased in the orientation laminating apparatus and the thickness is partially reduced. When the wooden mat is transferred onto the belt conveyor, the wooden mat is first moved. As a result, the orientation direction of the chip shifted from the horizontal direction to the vertical direction.

It is drawing which shows the basic composition of the orientation lamination apparatus of the wood material piece of this invention. It is drawing which shows an example of a structure of the parallel plate in the oriented lamination apparatus of FIGS. 1-1. It is drawing for showing the arrangement pattern of the protrusion of the parallel plate in the oriented laminating device of Drawing 1-1. It is drawing for showing the arrangement | positioning pattern with respect to the length of the protrusion of the parallel plate in the oriented lamination apparatus of FIGS. 1-1. It is drawing for showing the lower end structure of the parallel board in the oriented lamination apparatus of FIGS. 1-1. It is drawing which shows the Example of the orientation lamination | stacking apparatus of the wooden material piece which concerns on this invention. It is drawing for showing the protrusion of the parallel board in an Example same as the above. It is drawing used in order to demonstrate the process of classifying a crushing wood material piece. It is drawing used in order to demonstrate the process of adjusting a moisture content in a high temperature, high humidity chamber. It is drawing used in order to explain the process of mixing a binder. It is drawing which shows the conventional orientation apparatus used by the comparative example.

Explanation of symbols

2 Supply means 3 Orientation means 30 Protrusions 31, 32, ... Plates 41, 42, ... Gap 5 Vibration imparting means 6 Conveyance means P, P1, P2, P3 Wood material piece M Wood laminate mat

Claims (6)

It comprises a wood material piece orientation means for stacking wood material pieces to which a binder is attached or mixed substantially in the length direction, and a conveying means for a laminated mat on which the wood material pieces are laminated. The means is located directly above the conveying means for the laminated mat and is laid in parallel so as to be substantially parallel to the conveying direction, and these plates are directed obliquely upward with respect to the mat conveying direction by the conveying means. An apparatus for orienting and laminating wooden material pieces, comprising: a vibration mechanism that vibrates the wooden material pieces, wherein a protrusion that kicks up the wooden material pieces in association with the vibration is provided on a surface in contact with the wooden material pieces of each plate. 2. The wood laminate orientation laminating device according to claim 1, wherein the protrusion extends in a direction with a smaller angle with respect to the obliquely upward direction of the vibration direction of the orientation means. 3. The wood material piece according to claim 1, wherein the protrusion is disposed above the lower end of the plate and below the upper end position of the surface of the wood mat laminated on the conveying means below the orientation means. Oriented laminating device. 4. An orientation laminating device for woody material pieces according to claim 1, wherein the wood material piece is arranged with the height changed stepwise according to the height of the surface of the laminated mat on which the protrusions are laminated. 5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the protrusions are arranged at different heights on the plate surfaces facing each other. The woody material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the gap between the lower ends of the plurality of plates of the orientation means and the surface of the conveying means is gradually widened according to the height of the laminated mat surface to be laminated. Oriented laminating device for material pieces.

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