JP4347756B2 - Driving device for vehicle opening / closing body - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a drive device used for automatically opening and closing an opening / closing body such as a back door or a slide door of a vehicle.

As a drive device for this type of opening and closing body, the driving force of a motor that can rotate in the forward and reverse directions is transmitted to an output shaft via a speed reduction mechanism having an input gear and an electromagnetic clutch mechanism, and the opening and closing linked to the output shaft. There is one that can automatically open and close the opening / closing body by a mechanism (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).
JP 2000-177391 A JP 2003-276441 A

  In the conventional opening / closing body drive device described in Patent Document 1, the electromagnetic coil body of the clutch mechanism is arranged at one end of the rotary shaft as the output shaft, and on the other side of the electromagnetic coil body, Since the output clutch disk (first rotating disk body), the movable plate, the input clutch disk (second rotating disk body) and the input gear are arranged adjacent to each other, the grease applied to the input gear There is a high risk of scattering and adhering to a disk or movable plate.

  In order to prevent this, a split plate that divides the internal space of the case into two is provided between the input and output clutch discs. This split plate has an output wheel insertion part that is integrated with the input gear. Since it is open and does not completely block between the input clutch disk and the output clutch disk, when the device is installed with the output clutch disk in the lower position, grease or the like is output from the opening to the output clutch disk side. There is a risk of intrusion.

  In addition, since the electromagnetic coil body is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft, it is necessary to extend the case for fixing it to the shaft end of the rotating shaft, and the axial thickness of the case integrated with the motor There is also a problem that the overall size of the drive device becomes larger. In addition, since the electromagnetic coil body is housed in a common case that contains the input / output clutch disc and the input / output gear, the heat dissipation of the electromagnetic coil is low. There is also a risk of reducing transmission efficiency and durability.

  Also in the drive device described in Patent Document 2, since the electromagnetic clutch mechanism, the gear box, and the output gear group are arranged on one side orthogonal to the axis of the motor, the entire drive device including the motor is There is a problem of increasing the size.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and by disposing an electromagnet unit between an input gear and an input / output clutch disk and separating them from the input gear, grease or the like can be removed from both clutches. To provide a drive device for a vehicle opening / closing body that prevents adhesion to the friction surface of a disk, reduces the size of the entire device including a motor, and improves heat dissipation of an electromagnetic coil. It is aimed.

According to the present invention, the above problem is solved as follows.
(1) The driving force of the motor is transmitted to the output shaft via an input gear linked to the motor and an electromagnetic clutch mechanism having an electromagnet unit and an input / output clutch disk capable of frictional contact with each other. In the vehicular opening / closing body drive device that automatically opens and closes the associated opening / closing body, an electromagnetic unit of the electromagnetic clutch mechanism is disposed substantially in the middle of the output shaft and adjacent to the electromagnetic unit. the Oite said input gear on one side of the output shaft, and housed in a concave hole formed in one side surface of the base plate integral with the motor housing, the opening surface of the concave hole occluded by the closure plate , on the outer surface of the closure plate, said fixed yoke of the electromagnet unit, and on the other side of the output shaft, arranged before fill-output clutch disc, respectively, the input clutch disk Fill in force gear, cooperating respectively output clutch disc to the output shaft.

( 2 ) In the above item (1 ) , an input clutch disk is integrally provided at one end of a hollow shaft that is relatively rotatably fitted to the output shaft, and extends to the input gear side through the center of the electromagnet unit. An input gear is fixedly fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the other end of the hollow shaft.

( 3 ) In the item (1) or (2) , the electromagnetic clutch mechanism is covered with a cover.

According to the present invention, the following effects can be achieved.
(a) According to the first aspect of the present invention, positioned electromagnet unit is between the input gear and the input and output clutch disc, contact friction surfaces of both clutch disks are separated from the input gear Rutotomoni, input gear There was a closing plate that closes the opening surface of the contained base plate border, because the electromagnet unit and the input gear are completely separated, grease or the like applied to the input gear friction surfaces of both clutch disks It is reliably prevented from adhering to the surface.
In addition, since the electromagnetic clutch mechanism and the base plate in which the input gear is accommodated are separated with the closing plate as a boundary, the base plate is thick to form a deep concave hole for accommodating the electromagnet unit. In addition, it is not necessary to cover the opening surface with a separate cover, and the thickness of the motor housing including the base plate is reduced, so that the entire driving device can be reduced in size and weight .
Furthermore, since the electromagnet unit is not housed in the base plate integral with the motor housing and is fixed to the outer surface of the closing plate, the electromagnetic coil of the electromagnet unit has good heat dissipation, its transmission efficiency and durability. Improves .

(b) According to the invention described in claim 2 , the input gear and the input clutch disk are linked easily and compactly without using complex linkage means and with the electromagnet unit disposed therebetween. be able to.

(c) According to the invention described in claim 3 , foreign matter such as dust is prevented from adhering to the contact friction surface of the input / output clutch disc of the electromagnetic clutch mechanism.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a side view showing an example in which the drive device (1) of the present invention is applied to open and close a back door (3) of a vehicle (2). The back door (3) has a roof ( 4) The closed position (shown by the solid line) that closes the opening (6) at the rear of the vehicle body by the hinge (5) facing the left and right direction (the width direction of the vehicle body) of the upper end of the 4) It is pivotally attached so as to be able to rotate between an open position (indicated by a two-dot chain line) for opening the portion (6).

  The drive device (1) and the lifting mechanism (7) attached thereto are a connecting portion between a vehicle body pillar facing the vertical direction on the inner side surface of the rear portion of the vehicle (2) and a beam (not shown) facing the front-rear direction. It is fixed in the vicinity.

  As shown in detail in FIGS. 2 to 4, the drive device (1) includes a motor (8), a first speed reduction mechanism (9) that decelerates the rotation of the motor (8), and the lifting mechanism (7 A second reduction mechanism (10) that decelerates the lifting and lowering movement of the motor), and an electromagnetic clutch mechanism (11) that interrupts the transmission path of the driving force between the motor (8) and the second reduction mechanism (10). I have.

  As shown in the inner side view of FIG. 2 and the transverse bottom view of FIG. 3, the first and second reduction mechanisms (9), (10), the clutch mechanism (11), etc. are provided at the lower end of the motor housing (12). A thick base plate (13) made of an aluminum alloy or the like for mounting is screwed, and the first speed reduction mechanism is formed in an annular concave hole (14) formed in the center and having an inner end face open. (9) is housed.

  The first speed reduction mechanism (9) has a shaft on a rotary shaft (8a) facing the up and down direction of the motor (8) protruding at the left end (lower end in FIG. 3) in the annular recess (14) of the base plate (13). A worn worm (15) and a worm wheel (16) as an input gear meshing with the worm (15) are provided.

An input disk (19) for driving force is inserted into the shaft hole (17) of the worm wheel (16) and the recess (18) formed on the inner end face of the worm wheel (16) so as to be continuous therewith. These are fitted so that they cannot rotate relative to each other.
That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the opposing surfaces of the inner peripheral surface of the recess (18) and the outer peripheral surface of the input disk (19) are joined by serrations (20), thereby preventing relative rotation of each other. Has been.

  The output shaft (21) facing the left-right direction (the width direction of the vehicle body) passing through the center of the annular recess (14) in the base plate (13) has a cylindrical shape, and the above described A hollow shaft (23) in which an input clutch disk (22) forming a part of the clutch mechanism (11) is integrally connected is fitted via a bush (24) (24) so as to be relatively rotatable. .

  The outer peripheral surface of the outer end of the vehicle body of the hollow shaft (23) is supported by a ball bearing (25) press-fitted in a recess in the outer end surface of the base plate (13).

A small-diameter output gear (26) is pivotally attached to the projecting end portion of the output shaft (21) from the base plate (13).
The input disk (19) is serrated and coupled to the outer peripheral surface of the hollow shaft (23) so as not to rotate relative thereto.

  The open end face of the annular concave hole (14) of the base plate (13) has a hollow shaft (23) passing through the center with the worm wheel (16) and the input disk (19) accommodated in the concave hole (14). It is closed by a closing plate (27) having an insertion hole.

  The electromagnetic clutch mechanism (11) is inserted into the hollow shaft (23), and is fixed to the side surface of the closing plate (27) so as to be positioned substantially in the middle of the output shaft (21). An electromagnet unit (30) comprising a yoke body (28) and an electromagnetic coil (29) wound on the inner surface of the yoke body (28), and an intermediate serration-coupled to the outer peripheral surface of the output shaft (21) on the inner side of the vehicle body An output clutch disk (32) fitted on the outer peripheral surface of the disk (31) and a small-diameter shaft (31a) outside the vehicle body so as to be axially movable by a spline and not relatively rotatable, and the output clutch disk ( 32) and the above-described input clutch disk (22) disposed between the electromagnet unit (30).

  The outer peripheral surface of the inner end of the hollow shaft (23) on the inner side of the vehicle body is provided by the yoke body (28) via a ball bearing (33) press-fitted into the enlarged diameter hole of the inner peripheral surface of the yoke body (28). It is supported rotatably.

A slight gap is formed between the opposing surfaces of the yoke body (28) and the input clutch disk (22) so that they do not slide.
Also, a slight gap is formed between the opposed surfaces of the output clutch disk (32) and the input clutch disk (22), and when the electromagnetic coil (29) is energized and excited, the output clutch disk (32) Are magnetically attracted toward the input clutch disk (22) and brought into frictional contact with each other, and the driving force of the motor (8) is such that the worm (15), worm wheel (16), input disk (19), hollow shaft (23), The output gear (26), which is transmitted to the output shaft (21) through the input clutch disc (22), the output clutch disc (32) and the intermediate disc (31) and is attached to the output shaft (21), rotates. .

  A magnet holder (34) is fixed to the side surface of the output clutch disk (32) so as to be fitted on the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate disk (31) .The output clutch disk ( A ring-shaped permanent magnet (35) for attracting 32) in a direction away from the input clutch disk (22) is fixed by a magnet clip (36).

  (37) is a sensor board to which a sensor (not shown) for detecting the rotation of the magnet holder (34) is attached.

  (38) is a clutch cover that covers the clutch mechanism (11), the magnet holder (34), the permanent magnet (35), the sensor board (37) and the like, and is screwed to the side surface of the closing plate (27).

  As shown in FIG. 4, the second reduction mechanism (10) described above comprises a large-diameter driven gear (39) meshing with the output gear (26) and a pinion (40) integrated therewith. The gear (39) and the pinion (40) are parallel to the lower side of the output shaft (21), and the male screw portion (43a) formed at the side end portion inside the vehicle body is connected to the base plate (13). A support shaft (43) passing through a support plate (41) fixed to the side surface and fixed by a nut (42) is rotatably supported via a bush (44).

  The outer end of the vehicle body of the support shaft (43) is supported by being fitted into a shaft hole of a gear cover (45) screwed to the outer surface of the base plate (13) together with a guide member (46) described later. Yes.

  The elevating mechanism (7) described above has a guide member (a vertically extending guide member) whose upper end is fixed to the base plate (13) of the motor (8) and the vehicle body pillar and whose upper end is fixed to the vehicle body pillar (7). 46) and an elevating rod (48) which can move up and down along the guide rail (46a) of the guide member (46) and has a rack (47) meshing with the pinion (40) at the rear end. And a door opening / closing rod (51) having a spherical bearing (49) and a pin (50) connected at the lower end to the upper end of the lifting / lowering rod (48) and the upper end pivotally attached to the back surface of the back door (3). It has become.

  A protrusion (48a) and a recess (48b) are formed on the inner side and the outer side of the vehicle body of the lifting / lowering rod (48), respectively, and the protrusion (48a) is formed on the support plate ( 41) is slidably held by a slider (52) having a U-shaped cross section, and the recess (48b) is fitted to a support shaft (53) fixed to the lower end of the guide member (46). Held by the ball bearing (54).

As a result, the elevating rod (48) can be raised and lowered smoothly and stably.
When the back door (3) is in the closed position, if the operation switch (not shown) provided near the driver's seat is operated to the open side, the motor (8) is rotated forward and the electromagnetic coil (29) is energized. And the electromagnet unit (30) is turned on.

As a result, as described above, the driving force of the worm wheel (16) rotated by the worm (15) is transmitted to the output shaft (21) via the clutch mechanism (11), and the output gear is pivotally attached thereto. (26) rotates.
Then, the driven gear (39) and the pinion (40) meshing with the output gear (26) rotate integrally, so that the lifting rod (48) meshing with the pinion (40) becomes the door opening / closing rod. Ascending with (51), the back door (3) is opened.

  When the operation switch is operated to the closing side, the motor (8) rotates in the reverse direction, so that the back door (3) is automatically closed by the opposite operation.

  On the other hand, when manually opening and closing the back door (3) without operating the operation switch, the electromagnetic coil (29) is not energized and the clutch mechanism (11) is off, so the back door (3) Are transmitted to the intermediate disk (31) and the output clutch disk (32) via the output gear (26).

  Accordingly, since no input is made to the input clutch disc (22), the worm wheel (16), the worm (15) and the motor (8), the back door (3) can be manually opened and closed without any trouble.

  As described above, in the drive device (1) of the above-described embodiment, the intermediate portion of the output shaft (21) is between the first reduction mechanism (9) and the input / output clutch disks (22) and (32). The electromagnet unit (30) is disposed on the first and second clutch disks (22) and (32) so that the contact friction surfaces are separated from the first speed reduction mechanism (9), and the electromagnet unit (30) is moved to the first speed reduction mechanism (9). ) Is fixed to one side surface of a closing plate (27) that closes the opening surface of the concave hole (14) of the base plate (13) in which the first reduction mechanism ( 9) and the clutch mechanism (11) are completely separated from each other, the grease applied to the input gear of the first reduction mechanism (9), that is, the worm (15) and the worm wheel (16) is removed from the clutch mechanism (11). ) Side and can be reliably prevented from adhering to the friction surfaces of both clutch disks (22) and (32).

  Further, since the electromagnet unit (30) is fixed to one side surface of the closing plate (27) at the intermediate portion of the output shaft (21), the base plate (13) which is substantially integrated with the motor housing (12). The motor housing (12) including the base plate (13) is not required to form a deep concave hole for accommodating the electromagnet unit (30) or to attach a cover to the opening surface thereof. The overall thickness of the drive device (1) can be reduced in size and weight.

  In addition, the clutch mechanism (11) is located on one side of the rotating shaft (8a) of the motor (8), and the output gear (26) and the second speed reduction mechanism (10) meshing with the clutch are disposed on the other side. Since this is arranged, this also leads to the miniaturization of the entire drive device (1).

  The electromagnet unit (30) is not housed in the base plate (13) which is substantially integral with the motor housing (12), and is disposed outside thereof, so that heat dissipation is good, and the electromagnetic coil ( 29) Transmission efficiency and durability are improved.

  The driving force of the motor (8) is greatly reduced in two steps by the first and second reduction mechanisms (9) and (10) and transmitted to the elevating mechanism (7), so that the load applied to the motor (8) is reduced. The back door (3) which is small, small power and heavy can be opened and closed smoothly.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.

Above Symbol embodiment, the driving force of the worm wheel (16), but through the input disk (19) is to be transmitted to the hollow shaft (23), by omitting an input disk (19), the worm wheel (16) may be directly coupled to the hollow shaft (23) by serration or the like.

  Further, the driving force of the output clutch disk (32) is transmitted to the output shaft (21) via the intermediate disk (31), but the intermediate disk (31) is omitted and the output clutch disk (32 ) May be directly fitted to the output shaft (21) by a spline.

  The second speed reduction mechanism (10) may be omitted, and the output gear (26) may be directly linked to the lifting mechanism (7).

  Needless to say, the present invention can be applied not only to the opening and closing of the back door (3) but also to the opening and closing of sliding doors and other opening and closing bodies.

1 is a partially cutaway side view of a rear portion of a vehicle body showing an example in which the present invention is applied for opening and closing a back door of a vehicle. Similarly, it is the expanded side view which looked at the drive device from the inside of the vehicle body. FIG. 3 is a transverse bottom view taken along line III-III in FIG. 2. FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional bottom view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 2. It is a side view of a worm wheel and the input disc fitted to it.

(1) Drive device
(2) Vehicle
(3) Back door (opening / closing body)
(4) Roof
(5) Hinge
(6) Opening
(7) Lifting mechanism
(8) Motor
(8a) Rotating shaft
(9) First reduction mechanism
(10) Second reduction mechanism
(11) Electromagnetic clutch mechanism
(12) Motor housing
(13) Base plate
(14) Annular recess
(15) Warm
(16) Worm wheel (input gear)
(17) Shaft hole
(18) Recess
(19) Input disk
(20) Serration
(21) Output shaft
(22) Input clutch disc
(23) Hollow shaft
(24) Bush
(25) Ball bearing
(26) Output gear
(27) Blocking plate
(28) Yoke body
(29) Electromagnetic coil
(30) Electromagnet unit
(31) Intermediate disk
(31a) Small diameter shaft
(32) Output clutch disc
(33) Ball bearing
(34) Magnet holder
(35) Permanent magnet
(36) Magnet clip
(37) Sensor board
(38) Clutch cover
(39) Driven gear
(40) Pinion
(41) Support plate
(42) Nut
(43) Support shaft
(44) Bush
(45) Gear cover
(46) Guide member
(46a) Guide rail
(47) Rack
(48) Lifting rod
(48a) ridge
(48b) Concave
(49) Spherical bearing
(50) Pin
(51) Door open / close rod
(52) Slider
(53) Spindle
(54) Ball bearing

Claims (3)

The driving force of the motor is transmitted to the output shaft via the input gear linked thereto and an electromagnetic clutch mechanism including an electromagnet unit and an input / output clutch disk capable of frictional contact with each other, and linked to the output shaft. In a drive device for a vehicle opening / closing body that automatically opens and closes the opening / closing body,
Approximately midway portion of the output shaft, with disposing the electromagnet unit of the electromagnetic clutch mechanism, the Oite said input gear on one side of the output shaft adjacent to the electromagnet unit, based integral with the motor housing It is accommodated in a concave hole formed on one side surface of the plate, the opening surface of the concave hole is closed with a closing plate, the yoke body of the electromagnet unit is fixed to the outer surface of the closing plate, and the output shaft A drive device for a vehicle opening / closing body, wherein the input / output clutch disc is disposed on the other side, the input clutch disc is linked to the input gear, and the output clutch disc is linked to the output shaft. An input clutch disk is integrally provided at one end of a hollow shaft that is relatively rotatably fitted to the output shaft, and the other end of the hollow shaft that extends through the center of the electromagnet unit to the input gear side is provided. an outer peripheral surface, driving apparatus according to claim 1 Symbol placement of a closure for a vehicle to Katahama the input gear. The drive device for a vehicle opening / closing body according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the electromagnetic clutch mechanism is covered with a cover.

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