JP4346764B2 - Lubrication structure of electric motor rotor bearing - Google Patents

Lubrication structure of electric motor rotor bearing Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4346764B2
JP4346764B2 JP37264899A JP37264899A JP4346764B2 JP 4346764 B2 JP4346764 B2 JP 4346764B2 JP 37264899 A JP37264899 A JP 37264899A JP 37264899 A JP37264899 A JP 37264899A JP 4346764 B2 JP4346764 B2 JP 4346764B2
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bearing
oil
rotor
axial direction
electric motor
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JP2001190042A (en
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清 木村
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0467—Elements of gearings to be lubricated, cooled or heated
    • F16H57/0476—Electric machines and gearing, i.e. joint lubrication or cooling or heating thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/042—Guidance of lubricant
    • F16H57/0427—Guidance of lubricant on rotary parts, e.g. using baffles for collecting lubricant by centrifugal force
    • F16H57/0428—Grooves with pumping effect for supplying lubricants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0457—Splash lubrication
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0467—Elements of gearings to be lubricated, cooled or heated
    • F16H57/0469—Bearings or seals
    • F16H57/0471—Bearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/001—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units one motor mounted on a propulsion axle for rotating right and left wheels of this axle

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、主として車両用の電動駆動ユニットに用いる電動モータのロータ軸受の潤滑構造に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
車両用の電動駆動ユニットは、電動モータと、電動モータのモータハウジングの軸方向一端に連設したケーシング内に、電動モータのロータ軸の軸方向一端に連結される入力軸と、入力軸に対し平行に配置される出力側の差動ギアと、入力軸と差動ギアとを連結する伝動機構とを収納して成る動力伝達装置とで構成されている（特開平８−２３０４８９号公報参照）。
【０００３】
ここで、動力伝達装置はケーシング内の潤滑油で潤滑を行うが、電動モータは基本的にドライ構造であり、ロータ軸を軸支するロータ軸受をグリース封入型のものとして、ロータ軸受の潤滑を行っている。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記したグリース封入型の軸受は回転使用限界が比較的低く、電動モータの高回転域での使用が制限される不具合がある。
【０００５】
本発明は、以上の点に鑑み、電動モータの高回転域での使用に耐えられるようにしたロータ軸受の潤滑構造を提供することを課題としている。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決すべく、本発明の特徴によれば、電動モータと、電動モータのロータ軸の軸方向一端に連結される動力伝達装置とから成る電動式駆動ユニットに用いる電動モータのロータ軸を軸支するロータ軸受の潤滑構造において、動力伝達装置のケーシング内の潤滑油を導く給油路をロータ軸内に形成すると共に、モータハウジングの軸方向他端の端壁部に形成するロータ軸受の装着穴に、ロータ軸受の軸方向両側に位置する１対のオイルシールを夫々ロータ軸受に対し軸方向に離間させて装着し、両オイルシールとの間に画成されるロータ軸受の軸方向両側の空隙のうちの一側の空隙に前記給油路を連通させ、他側の空隙に潤滑油を前記ケーシング内に戻す戻し油路を連通させている。
【０００８】
上記特徴によれば、動力伝達装置のケーシング内の潤滑油がロータ軸→一側の空隙→ロータ軸受→他端の空隙→戻し油路の経路でケーシングとロータ軸受との間に循環される。かくして、電動モータをドライ構造としたままロータ軸受の潤滑油による潤滑を行うことができ、而も、ロータ軸受専用の潤滑油供給装置が不要となり、コストダウンを図れる。
【００１１】
更に、車両用の電動駆動ユニットでは、動力伝達装置に出力側の差動ギアを設け、差動ギアの１対のサイドギアに夫々左右の各車輪に動力を伝達する等速ジョイントを連結している。ここで、電動モータの配置部側に位置する一方のサイドギアに等速ジョイントを直結する場合は、モータハウジングの周壁部に対する等速ジョイントの干渉を防止するために、入力軸と差動ギアとの軸間距離を大きく取る必要がある。そこで、一方のサイドギアに連結すべき等速ジョイントをモータハウジングの軸方向他端よりも軸方向外方に配置し、入力軸と差動ギアとの軸間距離を短縮し得るようにしたものも従来知られている。そして、このものでは、モータハウジングの軸方向他端の端壁部の外周部に軸承部を設け、等速ジョイントと一方のサイドギアとを連結する連結軸の等速ジョイント側の端部を軸承部に装着した軸受で軸支している。
【００１２】
この軸受としては、一般に、グリース封入型のものを用いているが、グリース封入型の軸受はグリースシールドによるフリクションを生ずるため、連結軸用の軸受も潤滑油で潤滑することが望まれる。この場合、モータハウジングの周壁部に連結軸を挿通する筒部を形成し、筒部内の空間を軸承部内の空間を介して前記他側の空隙に連通させて、これら空間により前記戻し油路の一部を構成すれば、軸承部に装着する連結軸用の軸受を潤滑油で潤滑することができ、更に、ステータの熱を利用して低温時に潤滑油を早期に昇温することが可能になる。
【００１３】
【発明の実施の形態】
図１は、電動モータ１と、電動モータ１の動力を車両の左右の車輪（図示せず）に伝達する動力伝達装置２とから成る車両用の電動駆動ユニットを示している。
【００１４】
動力伝達装置２は、電動モータ１のモータハウジング１０の軸方向一端（図示例では左端）に連設するケーシング２０内に、電動モータ１のロータ軸１１の左端に連結される入力軸２１と、入力軸２１に対し平行に配置される差動ギア２２と、入力軸２１と差動ギア２２とを連結する伝動機構２３とを収納して構成されている。
【００１５】
差動ギア２２は、ケーシング２０内に左右両端の軸受２２０，２２０を介して軸支されるギアケース２２１内に、左右１対のサイドギア２２２，２２２と、両サイドギア２２２，２２２に噛合する複数のピニオン２２３とを軸支して成るもので、両サイドギア２２２，２２２に車両の左右の車輪に動力を伝達する等速ジョイント２２４，２２４を連結している。
【００１６】
伝動機構２３は、ケーシング２０内に左右両端の軸受２３０，２３０を介して軸支される中間軸２３１に、入力軸２１に形成した入力ギア２１０に噛合する大径の第１減速ギア２３２と、差動ギア２２のギアケース２２１に取付けたファイナルギア２２５に噛合する小径の第２減速ギア２３３とを設けて成る減速ギア列で構成されており、電動モータ１からの動力を入力軸２１から差動ギア２２に減速して伝達する。尚、中間軸２３１には、第１と第２の両減速ギア２３２，２３３間に位置させてパーキングギア２３４が設けられている。
【００１７】
モータハウジング１０は、周壁部１００と、左右両端の端壁部１０１，１０２とで構成されており、両端壁部１０１，１０２の中心の軸受用装着穴１０１ａ，１０２ａに装着したロータ軸受１１０，１１１によりロータ軸１１を軸支している。図中１２はロータ軸１１上に取付けたロータ、１３は周壁部１００の内面に取付けたステータである。また、周壁部１００にはステータ１３を冷却するための水冷ジャケット１００ａが形成されている。
【００１８】
ケーシング２０は、左右の２半部２００，２０１で構成されており、右半部２０１にモータハウジング１０の左端の端壁部１０１を一体に形成し、該端壁部１０１がケーシング２０とモータハウジング１０との隔壁となるようにしている。
【００１９】
入力軸２１は、左端部において軸受２１１を介してケーシング２０に軸支され、右端部においてロータ軸１１の左端部にスプライン嵌合されている。そして、入力軸２１を中空に形成すると共に、ロータ軸１１内に、入力軸２１の中空部から成る油路２１ａを介してケーシング２０内の潤滑油を導く、軸方向にのびる給油路１１ａを形成し、この給油路１１ａから各ロータ軸受１１０，１１１に潤滑油を供給するようにしている。
【００２０】
これを詳述するに、モータハウジング１０の左端の端壁部１０１の軸受用装着穴１０１ａに、ロータ軸受１１０に対しモータハウジング１０の軸方向内方（右方）に離間させてオイルシール１１０ａを装着し、ロータ軸受１１０とオイルシール１１０ａとの間の空隙に、ロータ軸１１に形成した径方向の油孔１１ｂを介して給油路１１ａを連通させている。これによれば、潤滑油が給油路１１ａから遠心力で前記空隙に供給され、ロータ軸受１１０を通過してケーシング２０内に戻される。
【００２１】
また、モータハウジング１０の右端の端壁部１０２の軸受用装着穴１０２ａに、ロータ軸受１１１の軸方向両側に位置する１対のオイルシール１１１ａ，１１１ｂを夫々ロータ軸受１１１に対し軸方向に離間させて装着し、両オイルシール１１１ａ，１１１ｂとの間に画成されるロータ軸受１１１の軸方向両側の空隙のうちの一側の空隙、例えば、軸方向内側の空隙に、ロータ軸１１に形成した径方向の油孔１１ｃを介して給油路１１ａを連通させ、軸方向外側の空隙に、潤滑油をケーシング２０内に戻す後記詳述する戻し油路を連通させている。これによれば、潤滑油が給油路１１ａから遠心力で軸方向内側の空隙に供給され、ロータ軸受１１１を通過して、軸方向外側の空隙から戻し油路を介してケーシング２０内に戻される。
【００２２】
このように本実施形態によれば、電動モータ１をドライ構造としたまま、ロータ軸受１１０，１１１をケーシング２０内の潤滑油で潤滑できるようになり、ロータ軸受１１０，１１１としてグリース封入型軸受を用いるものに比し、電動モータ１のより高回転域での使用にも耐えられるようになる。
【００２３】
前記戻し油路は、モータハウジング１０の右端の端壁部１０２に形成した、ロータ軸受１１１の軸方向外側の空隙に連通する油路１０２ｂと、モータハウジング１０の周壁部１００に形成した、油路１０２ｂに連通する油路１００ｂと、モータハウジング１０の左端の端壁部１０１に形成した、油路１０２ｂをケーシング２０内に連通する油路１０１ｂとで構成されている。油路１００ｂは、ロータ軸１１より下方の周壁部１００の部分に形成されており、潤滑油がケーシング２０内に重力で円滑に戻されるようにしている。尚、周壁部１００の水冷ジャケット１００ａは油路１００ｂの形成部分を避けて形成する。
【００２４】
戻し油路を以上の如く構成すると、潤滑油は油路１００ｂを通過する際にステータ１３の熱で加温されることになる。かくて、低温時、潤滑油を早期に昇温することが可能となり、潤滑油の粘性による動力伝達装置２のフリクションロスを低減できる。尚、周壁部１００の油路１００ｂをパイピングでロータ軸受１１１の軸方向外側の空隙に連通させることも可能であるが、上記の如く端壁部１０２に油路１０２ｂを形成した方が部品点数を削減でき、有利である。
【００２５】
尚、動力伝達装置２は、図２に示す如く、入力軸２１を上方、差動ギア２２を下方に配置した直立型に構成されており、ケーシング２０の底部たる差動ギア２２の配置部に溜る潤滑油がファイナルギア２２５で掻き上げられることになる。車両の前進時におけるファイナルギア２２５の回転方向（正転方向）は図２の反時計方向であり、ファイナルギア２２５の正転で掻き上げられた潤滑油を入力軸２１内の油路２１ａに効率良く供給できるよう以下の如く構成している。即ち、ファイナルギア２２５の正転で掻き上げられた潤滑油をファイナルギア２２５と第２減速ギア２３３との噛合部に導く第１オイルガイド２４1を設けると共に、ファイナルギア２２５と第２減速ギア２３３との噛合部から両ギア２２５，２３３のリード角によってパーキングギア２３４側に飛散される潤滑油を捕集する第２オイルガイド２４2をパーキングギア２３４の配置部を囲うように設け、更に、第２オイルガイド２４2からパーキングギア２３４で掻き上げられた潤滑油を捕集する第３オイルガイド２４3と、第３オイルガイド２４3で捕集された潤滑油を受ける樋状の第４オイルガイド２４4とを設け、第４オイルガイド２４4からケーシング２０の左半部２００の端壁部に形成した油孔２００ａを介して入力軸２１内の油路２１ａに潤滑油が供給されるようにしている。
【００２６】
尚、前記油孔２００ａに導かれた潤滑油の一部は入力軸２１の左端外周の隙間を介して入力軸２１用の軸受２１１に供給される。そして、ケーシング２０の左半部２００の端壁部に、入力軸２１用の軸受２１１と中間軸２３１用の左端の軸受２３０との間及び軸受２３０とギアケース２２１用の左端の軸受２２０との間の油孔２００ｂ，２００ｃを形成し、潤滑油が自然落下により油孔２００ｂを介して軸受２３０と、更に、油孔２００ｃを介して軸受２２０とに供給されるようにしている。また、モータハウジング１０の左端の端壁部１０１に、ロータ軸受１１０と中間軸２３１用の右端の軸受２３０との間及び軸受２３０とギアケース２２１用の右端の軸受２２０との間の油孔１０１ｃ，１０１ｄを形成し、ロータ軸受１１０を通過した潤滑油の一部が自然落下により油孔１０１ｃを介して軸受２３０と、更に、油孔１０１ｄを介して軸受２２０とに供給されるようにしている。尚、ロータ軸受１１１から戻される潤滑油の一部も軸受２２０に供給されるよう、油孔１０１ｄを油路１０１ｂに交差させている。
【００２７】
ところで、上記第１実施形態では、差動ギア２２の左右のサイドギア２２２，２２２に左輪用と右輪用の等速ジョイント２２４，２２４を直結している。この場合、電動モータ１の配置部側たる右側のサイドギア２２２に直結する等速ジョイント２２４がモータハウジング１０の周壁部１００に干渉しないよう、入力軸２１と差動ギア２２との軸間距離を大きく取ることが必要になる。そこで、図３に示す第２実施形態では、右側のサイドギア２２２に連結すべき等速ジョイント２２４をモータハウジング１０の右端より軸方向外方に配置し、入力軸２１と差動ギア２２との軸間距離を短縮し得るようにしている。この場合、モータハウジング１０の右端の端壁部１０２の外周部に、右側のサイドギア２２２と等速ジョイント２２４とを連結する連結軸２２６用の軸承部１０２ｃを設け、軸承部１０２ｃに装着する軸受２２７で連結軸２２６の等速ジョイント２２４側の端部を軸支する。
【００２８】
更に、第２実施形態では、モータハウジング１０の周壁部１００に連結軸２２６を挿通する筒部１００ｃを形成すると共に、軸承部１０２ｃに軸受２２７の軸方向外方に離間させてオイルシール２２７ａを装着し、筒部１００ｃ内の空間をケーシング２０内に連通させると共に、軸承部１０２ｃ内の空間とモータハウジング１０の右端の端壁部１０２に形成した油路１０２ｂとを介してロータ軸受１１１の軸方向外側の空隙に連通させている。かくて、ロータ軸１１内の給油路１１ａからロータ軸受１１１の軸方向内側の空隙に供給され、ロータ軸受１１１を通過して軸方向外側の空隙に流れた潤滑油は、油路１０２ｂと軸承部１０２ｃ内の空間と筒部１００ｃ内の空間とを介してケーシング２０内に戻されることになる。そして、潤滑油が軸承部１０２ｃ内を通過する際に軸受２２７が潤滑され、また、筒部１００ｃ内を通過する際にステータ１３の熱で潤滑油が加温され、第１実施形態と同様に低温時の潤滑油の早期昇温が可能となる。また、第２実施形態の動力伝達装置２は第１実施形態と同様の直立型に構成されており、筒部１００ｃの軸心を連結軸２２６の軸心に対し下方に偏心させ、筒部１００ｃをケーシング２０内の潤滑油を溜めるオイル溜りに兼用している。これによれば、油量を確保しつつケーシング２０内の潤滑油の液面レベルを下げ、ファイナルギア２２５による潤滑油の撹拌抵抗を低減できる。
【００２９】
図４は第３実施形態を示しており、第２実施形態と相違するのは、筒部１００ｃを形成せずに、連結軸２２６内に軸方向にのびる油路２２６ａを形成し、この油路２２６ａをケーシング２０内に連通させると共に、軸承部１０２ｃ内の空間とモータハウジング１０の右端の端壁部１０２に形成した油路１０２ｂとを介してロータ軸受１１１の軸方向外側の空隙に連通させた点である。第３実施形態では、第２実施形態と同様に軸受２２７を潤滑油で潤滑でき、また、筒部１００ｃを廃止し、且つ、連結軸２２６を中空にすることで軽量化を図れる利点がある。尚、軸承部１０２ｃには、軸受２２７の軸方向外側に位置するオイルシール２２７ａに加えて軸方向内側に位置するオイルシール２２７ｂが装着されている。本実施形態では、軸受２２７と軸方向外側のオイルシール２２７ａとの間の空隙に油路２２６ａと油路１０２ｂとを連通させているが、この空隙に油路１０２ｂのみを連通させ、軸受２２７と軸方向内側のオイルシール２２７ｂとの間の空隙に油路２２６ａを連通させても良い。また、本実施形態では、連結軸２２６内にスクリュープレート２２６ｂを設け、潤滑油をスクリュープレート２２６ｂによる推力で積極的にケーシング２０内に戻せるようにしている。
【００３０】
【発明の効果】
以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明によれば、ロータ軸受を潤滑油で良好に潤滑でき、電動モータの高回転域での使用にも耐えられ、更に、電動モータと動力伝達装置とから成る電動駆動ユニットにおいて、動力伝達装置用の潤滑油でロータ軸受を潤滑することができ、ロータ軸受専用の潤滑油供給装置が不要となって、コストダウンを図れる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】 本発明を適用した電動駆動ユニットの第１実施形態の断面図
【図２】 図１のII-II線截断面図
【図３】 電動駆動ユニットの第２実施形態の断面図
【図４】 電動駆動ユニットの第３実施形態の断面図
【符号の説明】
１ 電動モータ
１０ モータハウジング
１００ 周壁部
１００ｂ 周壁部に形成した油路
１００ｃ 筒部
１０１ 軸方向一端の端壁部
１０２ 軸方向他端の端壁部
１０１ａ，１０２ａ 軸受用装着穴
１０２ｃ 軸承部
１１ ロータ軸
１１ａ 給油路
１１０，１１１ ロータ軸受
１１０ａ，１１１ａ，１１１ｂ オイルシール
２ 動力伝達装置
２０ ケーシング
２２ 差動ギア
２２２ サイドギア
２２４ 等速ジョイント
２２６ 連結軸
２２７ 軸受[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a lubricating structure for a rotor bearing of an electric motor mainly used in an electric drive unit for a vehicle.
[0002]
[Prior art]
An electric drive unit for a vehicle includes an electric motor, an input shaft connected to one axial end of the rotor shaft of the electric motor, a casing connected to one axial end of the motor housing of the electric motor, and an input shaft It comprises a power transmission device that houses a differential gear on the output side arranged in parallel and a transmission mechanism that connects the input shaft and the differential gear (see JP-A-8-230489). .
[0003]
Here, the power transmission device lubricates with the lubricating oil in the casing, but the electric motor basically has a dry structure, and the rotor bearing that supports the rotor shaft is a grease-filled type to lubricate the rotor bearing. Is going.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The above-mentioned grease-filled type bearing has a relatively low rotation use limit and has a problem that the use of the electric motor in a high rotation range is restricted.
[0005]
In view of the above, the present invention has an object to provide a lubrication structure for a rotor bearing that can withstand the use of an electric motor in a high rotation range.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problems, according to a feature of the present invention, a rotor shaft of an electric motor used in an electric drive unit including an electric motor and a power transmission device coupled to one axial end of the rotor shaft of the electric motor is provided. In the lubricating structure of the rotor bearing that supports the shaft, an oil supply passage for guiding the lubricating oil in the casing of the power transmission device is formed in the rotor shaft, and the rotor bearing is formed on the end wall portion at the other axial end of the motor housing. A pair of oil seals positioned on both sides in the axial direction of the rotor bearing are installed in the holes, respectively, spaced apart from the rotor bearing in the axial direction, and are formed on both sides in the axial direction of the rotor bearing defined between the two oil seals. The oil supply passage is communicated with one of the air gaps, and the return oil passage for returning the lubricating oil into the casing is communicated with the other air gap.
[0008]
According to the above feature, the lubricating oil in the casing of the power transmission device is circulated between the casing and the rotor bearing through the path of the rotor shaft → one side clearance → rotor bearing → the other end clearance → return oil path. Thus, it is possible to lubricate the rotor bearing with the lubricating oil while keeping the electric motor in a dry structure, which eliminates the need for a dedicated lubricating oil supply device for the rotor bearing, thereby reducing the cost.
[0011]
Further, in an electric drive unit for a vehicle, a differential gear on the output side is provided in the power transmission device, and a constant velocity joint that transmits power to the left and right wheels is connected to a pair of side gears of the differential gear. . Here, when the constant velocity joint is directly connected to one side gear located on the side where the electric motor is disposed, in order to prevent the constant velocity joint from interfering with the peripheral wall portion of the motor housing, the input shaft and the differential gear Ru need to take the inter-axial distance greater. Therefore, a constant velocity joint to be connected to one side gear is arranged axially outward from the other axial end of the motor housing so that the distance between the input shaft and the differential gear can be shortened. Conventionally known. And in this thing, a bearing part is provided in the outer peripheral part of the end wall part of the axial direction other end of a motor housing, and the edge part by the side of the constant velocity joint of the connecting shaft which connects a constant velocity joint and one side gear is a bearing part. It is supported by a bearing attached to
[0012]
As this bearing, a grease-filled type is generally used. However, since a grease-filled bearing generates friction due to a grease shield, it is desirable that the bearing for the connecting shaft is also lubricated with a lubricating oil. In this case, a cylindrical portion for inserting the connecting shaft is formed in the peripheral wall portion of the motor housing, and the space in the cylindrical portion is communicated with the gap on the other side via the space in the bearing portion, and the space of the return oil path is formed by these spaces. If a part is configured, the bearing for the connecting shaft attached to the bearing can be lubricated with lubricating oil, and the temperature of the lubricating oil can be raised quickly at low temperatures using the heat of the stator. Become.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 shows an electric drive unit for a vehicle that includes an electric motor 1 and a power transmission device 2 that transmits the power of the electric motor 1 to left and right wheels (not shown) of the vehicle.
[0014]
The power transmission device 2 includes an input shaft 21 connected to the left end of the rotor shaft 11 of the electric motor 1 in a casing 20 connected to one end (left end in the illustrated example) of the motor housing 10 of the electric motor 1, A differential gear 22 arranged in parallel to the input shaft 21 and a transmission mechanism 23 for connecting the input shaft 21 and the differential gear 22 are housed.
[0015]
The differential gear 22 includes a pair of left and right side gears 222 and 222 in a gear case 221 that is pivotally supported in the casing 20 via bearings 220 and 220 at both left and right ends. A pinion 223 is pivotally supported, and constant velocity joints 224 and 224 that transmit power to the left and right wheels of the vehicle are connected to both side gears 222 and 222.
[0016]
The transmission mechanism 23 includes a large-diameter first reduction gear 232 that meshes with an input gear 210 formed on the input shaft 21 on an intermediate shaft 231 that is pivotally supported in the casing 20 via bearings 230 at the left and right ends. It is composed of a reduction gear train provided with a small-diameter second reduction gear 233 that meshes with a final gear 225 attached to a gear case 221 of the differential gear 22, and the power from the electric motor 1 is different from the input shaft 21. The speed is reduced and transmitted to the moving gear 22. The intermediate shaft 231 is provided with a parking gear 234 that is positioned between the first and second reduction gears 232 and 233.
[0017]
The motor housing 10 includes a peripheral wall portion 100 and end wall portions 101 and 102 at both left and right ends, and rotor bearings 110 and 111 mounted in bearing mounting holes 101a and 102a at the centers of the both end wall portions 101 and 102, respectively. Thus, the rotor shaft 11 is pivotally supported. In the figure, 12 is a rotor attached on the rotor shaft 11, and 13 is a stator attached to the inner surface of the peripheral wall portion 100. Further, a water cooling jacket 100 a for cooling the stator 13 is formed on the peripheral wall portion 100.
[0018]
The casing 20 is composed of left and right half halves 200 and 201, and an end wall 101 at the left end of the motor housing 10 is formed integrally with the right half 201, and the end wall 101 is formed between the casing 20 and the motor housing. 10 to be a partition wall.
[0019]
The input shaft 21 is pivotally supported by the casing 20 via a bearing 211 at the left end, and is splined to the left end of the rotor shaft 11 at the right end. Then, the input shaft 21 is formed hollow, and an oil supply passage 11 a extending in the axial direction is formed in the rotor shaft 11 to guide the lubricating oil in the casing 20 through the oil passage 21 a formed by the hollow portion of the input shaft 21. The lubricating oil is supplied from the oil supply passage 11a to the rotor bearings 110 and 111.
[0020]
In detail, the oil seal 110a is spaced apart from the rotor bearing 110 in the axial direction inward (rightward) of the motor housing 10 in the bearing mounting hole 101a of the left end wall portion 101 of the motor housing 10. The oil supply passage 11a is communicated with a gap between the rotor bearing 110 and the oil seal 110a through a radial oil hole 11b formed in the rotor shaft 11. According to this, the lubricating oil is supplied from the oil supply passage 11 a to the gap by centrifugal force, passes through the rotor bearing 110, and is returned into the casing 20.
[0021]
Also, a pair of oil seals 111 a and 111 b located on both sides in the axial direction of the rotor bearing 111 are spaced apart from the rotor bearing 111 in the axial direction in the bearing mounting holes 102 a in the right end wall portion 102 of the motor housing 10. The rotor shaft 11 is formed in a gap on one side of the gaps on both axial sides of the rotor bearing 111 defined between the oil seals 111a and 111b, for example, a gap on the inner side in the axial direction. The oil supply passage 11a is communicated through the radial oil hole 11c, and a return oil passage, which will be described later in detail, is returned to the gap outside the axial direction to return the lubricating oil into the casing 20. According to this, the lubricating oil is supplied from the oil supply passage 11a to the axially inner space by centrifugal force, passes through the rotor bearing 111, and is returned from the axially outer space to the casing 20 through the return oil passage. .
[0022]
Thus, according to the present embodiment, the rotor bearings 110 and 111 can be lubricated with the lubricating oil in the casing 20 while the electric motor 1 has a dry structure, and a grease-filled bearing is used as the rotor bearings 110 and 111. Compared to the one used, the electric motor 1 can be used in a higher rotation range.
[0023]
The return oil passage includes an oil passage 102b formed in the end wall portion 102 at the right end of the motor housing 10 and communicating with a gap on the outer side in the axial direction of the rotor bearing 111, and an oil passage formed in the peripheral wall portion 100 of the motor housing 10. The oil passage 100 b communicates with 102 b, and the oil passage 101 b formed in the left end wall 101 of the motor housing 10 communicates with the inside of the casing 20. The oil passage 100 b is formed in a portion of the peripheral wall portion 100 below the rotor shaft 11 so that the lubricating oil is smoothly returned into the casing 20 by gravity. The water cooling jacket 100a of the peripheral wall portion 100 is formed so as to avoid the formation portion of the oil passage 100b.
[0024]
When the return oil path is configured as described above, the lubricating oil is heated by the heat of the stator 13 when passing through the oil path 100b. Thus, it is possible to raise the temperature of the lubricating oil at an early stage when the temperature is low, and the friction loss of the power transmission device 2 due to the viscosity of the lubricating oil can be reduced. Although it is possible to connect the oil passage 100b of the peripheral wall portion 100 to the gap outside the axial direction of the rotor bearing 111 by piping, it is possible to reduce the number of parts by forming the oil passage 102b in the end wall portion 102 as described above. It can be reduced and is advantageous.
[0025]
As shown in FIG. 2, the power transmission device 2 is configured as an upright type in which the input shaft 21 is disposed above and the differential gear 22 is disposed below. The accumulated lubricating oil is scraped up by the final gear 225. The rotation direction (forward rotation direction) of the final gear 225 when the vehicle moves forward is the counterclockwise direction of FIG. 2, and the lubricating oil scraped up by the forward rotation of the final gear 225 is efficiently transferred to the oil passage 21 a in the input shaft 21. It is configured as follows so that it can be supplied well. That is, the first oil guide 24 1 is provided to guide the lubricating oil scraped up by the forward rotation of the final gear 225 to the meshing portion between the final gear 225 and the second reduction gear 233, and the final gear 225 and the second reduction gear 233 are provided. A second oil guide 24 2 that collects the lubricating oil scattered to the parking gear 234 side by the lead angle of the two gears 225 and 233 from the meshing portion is provided so as to surround the arrangement portion of the parking gear 234. 2 A third oil guide 24 3 for collecting the lubricating oil scraped up by the parking gear 234 from the oil guide 24 2 and a bowl-shaped fourth oil guide for receiving the lubricating oil collected by the third oil guide 24 3 24 4 provided and, fourth oil guide 24 4 from the casing 20 oil passage 2 through the oil hole 200a formed in the end wall portion of the left half portion 200 in the input shaft 21 of the Lubricating oil is to be supplied to a.
[0026]
A part of the lubricating oil guided to the oil hole 200 a is supplied to the bearing 211 for the input shaft 21 through the clearance at the outer periphery of the left end of the input shaft 21. The end wall portion of the left half 200 of the casing 20 is provided between the bearing 211 for the input shaft 21 and the left end bearing 230 for the intermediate shaft 231 and between the bearing 230 and the left end bearing 220 for the gear case 221. The oil holes 200b and 200c are formed between them, and the lubricating oil is supplied to the bearing 230 through the oil hole 200b and further to the bearing 220 through the oil hole 200c by natural fall. Further, an oil hole 101 c between the rotor bearing 110 and the right end bearing 230 for the intermediate shaft 231 and between the bearing 230 and the right end bearing 220 for the gear case 221 is formed in the left end wall portion 101 of the motor housing 10. , 101d, and a part of the lubricating oil that has passed through the rotor bearing 110 is supplied to the bearing 230 through the oil hole 101c and further to the bearing 220 through the oil hole 101d by natural fall. . Note that the oil hole 101d intersects the oil passage 101b so that part of the lubricating oil returned from the rotor bearing 111 is also supplied to the bearing 220.
[0027]
In the first embodiment, the left and right constant velocity joints 224 and 224 are directly connected to the left and right side gears 222 and 222 of the differential gear 22. In this case, the inter-shaft distance between the input shaft 21 and the differential gear 22 is increased so that the constant velocity joint 224 directly connected to the right side gear 222 which is the arrangement portion side of the electric motor 1 does not interfere with the peripheral wall portion 100 of the motor housing 10. It is necessary to take. Therefore, in the second embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the constant velocity joint 224 to be connected to the right side gear 222 is disposed axially outward from the right end of the motor housing 10, and the shaft between the input shaft 21 and the differential gear 22 is arranged. The distance can be shortened. In this case, a bearing portion 227 for the connecting shaft 226 that connects the right side gear 222 and the constant velocity joint 224 is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the right end wall portion 102 of the motor housing 10, and the bearing 227 is attached to the bearing portion 102 c. Thus, the end of the connecting shaft 226 on the constant velocity joint 224 side is pivotally supported.
[0028]
Furthermore, in the second embodiment, a cylindrical portion 100c through which the connecting shaft 226 is inserted is formed in the peripheral wall portion 100 of the motor housing 10, and an oil seal 227a is attached to the bearing portion 102c so as to be spaced outward in the axial direction of the bearing 227. Then, the space in the cylinder portion 100c is communicated with the casing 20, and the axial direction of the rotor bearing 111 is established through the space in the bearing portion 102c and the oil passage 102b formed in the right end wall portion 102 of the motor housing 10. It communicates with the outer gap. Thus, the lubricating oil that is supplied from the oil supply passage 11a in the rotor shaft 11 to the inner space in the axial direction of the rotor bearing 111 and flows through the rotor bearing 111 into the outer space in the axial direction is combined with the oil passage 102b and the bearing portion. It will be returned into the casing 20 through the space in 102c and the space in the cylinder part 100c. The bearing 227 is lubricated when the lubricating oil passes through the bearing portion 102c, and the lubricating oil is heated by the heat of the stator 13 when passing through the cylindrical portion 100c, as in the first embodiment. It is possible to quickly raise the temperature of the lubricating oil at low temperatures. Further, the power transmission device 2 of the second embodiment is configured as an upright type similar to that of the first embodiment, and the cylindrical portion 100c is decentered downward with respect to the axial center of the connecting shaft 226, thereby the cylindrical portion 100c. Is also used as an oil reservoir for accumulating lubricating oil in the casing 20. According to this, the level of the lubricating oil in the casing 20 can be lowered while securing the amount of oil, and the stirring resistance of the lubricating oil by the final gear 225 can be reduced.
[0029]
FIG. 4 shows the third embodiment, which is different from the second embodiment in that an oil passage 226a extending in the axial direction is formed in the connecting shaft 226 without forming the cylindrical portion 100c. 226a is communicated with the inside of the casing 20, and is communicated with the space outside the rotor bearing 111 in the axial direction through the space in the bearing portion 102c and the oil passage 102b formed in the end wall portion 102 at the right end of the motor housing 10. Is a point. In the third embodiment, as in the second embodiment, the bearing 227 can be lubricated with lubricating oil, and there is an advantage that weight reduction can be achieved by eliminating the cylindrical portion 100c and making the connecting shaft 226 hollow. In addition to the oil seal 227a positioned on the outer side in the axial direction of the bearing 227, an oil seal 227b positioned on the inner side in the axial direction is attached to the bearing portion 102c. In this embodiment, the oil passage 226a and the oil passage 102b are communicated with the gap between the bearing 227 and the axially outer oil seal 227a. However, only the oil passage 102b is communicated with this gap, and the bearing 227 The oil passage 226a may be communicated with a gap between the axially inner oil seal 227b. Further, in the present embodiment, the screw plate 226b is provided in the connecting shaft 226 so that the lubricating oil can be positively returned into the casing 20 by the thrust by the screw plate 226b.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, the rotor bearing can be well lubricated with lubricating oil, can withstand use in the high rotation range of the electric motor, and further from the electric motor and the power transmission device. In the electric drive unit constructed as described above, the rotor bearing can be lubricated with the lubricating oil for the power transmission device, and a lubricating oil supply device dedicated to the rotor bearing is not required, and the cost can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of an electric drive unit to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the electric drive unit. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of the electric drive unit.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electric motor 10 Motor housing 100 Peripheral wall part 100b Oil path 100c formed in the peripheral wall part Cylinder part 101 End wall part 102 of one axial direction End wall part 101a, 102a of the other axial direction Bearing mounting hole 102c Bearing part 11 Rotor shaft 11a Oil supply passage 110, 111 Rotor bearing 110a, 111a, 111b Oil seal 2 Power transmission device 20 Casing 22 Differential gear 222 Side gear 224 Constant velocity joint 226 Connecting shaft 227 Bearing

Claims (1)

電動モータと、電動モータのロータ軸の軸方向一端に連結される動力伝達装置とから成る電動式駆動ユニットに用いる電動モータのロータ軸を軸支するロータ軸受の潤滑構造において、
動力伝達装置のケーシング内の潤滑油を導く給油路をロータ軸内に形成すると共に、
モータハウジングの軸方向他端の端壁部に形成するロータ軸受の装着穴に、ロータ軸受の軸方向両側に位置する１対のオイルシールを夫々ロータ軸受に対し軸方向に離間させて装着し、
両オイルシールとの間に画成されるロータ軸受の軸方向両側の空隙のうちの一側の空隙に前記給油路を連通させ、他側の空隙に潤滑油を前記ケーシング内に戻す戻し油路を連通させ、
前記動力伝達装置は出力側の差動ギアを備え、該差動ギアの１対のサイドギアのうち前記電動モータの配置部側に位置する一方のサイドギアに連結すべき等速ジョイントを前記モータハウジングの軸方向他端よりも軸方向外方に配置すると共に、モータハウジングの軸方向他端の端壁部の外周部に、等速ジョイントと一方のサイドギアとを連結する連結軸の等速ジョイント側の端部を軸支する軸受を装着した軸承部を設けるものにおいて、
モータハウジングの周壁部に連結軸を挿通する筒部を形成し、筒部内の空間を軸承部内の空間を介して前記他側の空隙に連通させて、これら空間により前記戻し油路の一部を構成する、
ことを特徴とする電動モータのロータ軸受の潤滑構造。 In the lubricating structure of the rotor bearing that supports the rotor shaft of the electric motor used in the electric drive unit composed of the electric motor and a power transmission device coupled to one axial end of the rotor shaft of the electric motor,
An oil supply passage for guiding the lubricating oil in the casing of the power transmission device is formed in the rotor shaft, and
A pair of oil seals positioned on both sides of the rotor bearing in the axial direction are mounted in the mounting holes of the rotor bearing formed in the end wall portion at the other end in the axial direction of the motor housing, respectively, spaced apart from the rotor bearing in the axial direction,
A return oil passage that connects the oil supply passage to a gap on one side of the gaps on both sides in the axial direction of the rotor bearing defined between both oil seals and returns the lubricating oil to the gap on the other side into the casing. Communicate
The power transmission device includes an output-side differential gear, and a constant velocity joint to be connected to one of the pair of side gears on the side where the electric motor is disposed is connected to the motor housing. The axially outer side of the other end in the axial direction of the motor housing and the outer peripheral portion of the end wall of the other end of the motor housing in the axial direction on the constant velocity joint side of the connecting shaft connecting the constant velocity joint and one side gear. In providing a bearing part with a bearing that supports the end part,
A cylindrical portion that inserts the connecting shaft is formed in the peripheral wall portion of the motor housing, and a space in the cylindrical portion is communicated with the gap on the other side through the space in the bearing portion, and a part of the return oil passage is formed by these spaces. Constitute,
A lubrication structure for a rotor bearing of an electric motor.
JP37264899A 1999-12-28 1999-12-28 Lubrication structure of electric motor rotor bearing Expired - Fee Related JP4346764B2 (en)

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