JP4344592B2 - Blood component collection device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a blood component collection device.

  At the time of blood collection, for the purpose of effective use of blood and reduction of burden on blood donors, the blood sample is separated into each blood component by centrifugation, etc., and only the components necessary for the transfuser are collected. Ingredients are collected to return the ingredients to the blood donor.

  In such component blood collection, when obtaining a platelet preparation, blood collected from a blood donor is introduced into a blood component collection circuit, and a centrifuge called a centrifuge bowl installed in the blood component collection circuit allows plasma and buffy coat The platelets are separated from the buffy coat, and collected in a container to obtain a platelet preparation, and the remaining plasma, white blood cells, and red blood cells are returned to the donor (for example, patent document). 1).

  However, in the conventional blood component collection device, when the blood is centrifuged, the centrifuge's rotor storage space is empty, the centrifuge's rotor is rotated, and the rotor is rotated while the blood is rotating. Since the introduction (supply) of blood is started, especially when the rotation speed (rotation speed) of the rotor is increased, the collected plasma and concentrated platelets may become light reddish (resulting in microhemolysis). There is a problem that the quality of the component is lowered.

Japanese National Patent Publication No. 8-509403

  An object of the present invention is to provide a blood component collection device capable of obtaining a high-quality blood component by suppressing microhemolysis (hemolysis) or the like generated in a centrifuge.

Such an object is achieved by the present inventions (1) to (7) below.
(1) blood collection means for collecting blood;
A centrifuge that includes a rotor having a blood storage space therein, and centrifuges blood collected by the blood collection means by rotation of the rotor in the blood storage space;
A blood component collection circuit comprising a blood component collection bag that communicates with the blood storage space and collects a predetermined blood component separated by the centrifuge ;
A first liquid feed pump for introducing blood collected by the blood collection means into the blood storage space;
A second liquid feeding pump for adding an anticoagulant to the blood collected by the blood collecting means;
A centrifuge drive device for rotating the rotor;
A controller for controlling the operation of the first liquid feed pump, the second liquid feed pump, and the centrifuge drive device ;
A blood component collecting apparatus for performing at least one cycle of a blood component collecting operation, comprising: a blood component collecting step of collecting the predetermined blood component by centrifuging the collected blood; and a blood component returning step of returning the remaining blood component There,
The control unit operates the centrifuge drive device to start rotation of the rotor when introducing blood containing an anticoagulant into the blood storage space and centrifuging the blood in the blood storage space. prior to the first by operating the liquid feed pump and the second liquid supply pump, control to perform blood introducing operation for introducing a predetermined amount of blood containing an anticoagulant to the blood storage space A blood component collection apparatus characterized by:

(2) The control unit is configured to perform the blood introduction operation in at least the first cycle among the cycles of the blood component collection operation , and the first liquid feeding pump, the second liquid feeding pump, and the like. The blood component collection device according to (1), wherein the operation of the centrifuge drive device is controlled .

(3) a centrifuge that includes a rotor having a blood storage space therein, and centrifuges blood in the blood storage space by rotation of the rotor;
A blood component collection circuit comprising a blood component collection bag that communicates with the blood storage space and collects a predetermined blood component separated by the centrifuge ;
A first liquid feeding pump for introducing blood into the blood storage space;
A second liquid pump for adding an anticoagulant to the blood;
A centrifuge drive device for rotating the rotor;
A blood component collection device having a control unit that controls the operation of the first liquid pump, the second liquid pump, and the centrifuge drive device ;
The control unit operates the centrifuge drive device to start rotation of the rotor when introducing blood containing an anticoagulant into the blood storage space and centrifuging the blood in the blood storage space. prior to the first by operating the liquid feed pump and the second liquid supply pump, control to perform blood introducing operation for introducing a predetermined amount of blood containing an anticoagulant to the blood storage space A blood component collection apparatus characterized by:

  (4) The blood component collecting apparatus according to (3), wherein the blood introduced into the blood storage space and centrifuged is blood collected from a blood donor or blood collected during surgery.

(5) When the control unit introduces blood containing an anticoagulant into the blood storage space and centrifuges the blood in the blood storage space, the blood is not substantially present in the blood storage space. Alternatively , the first liquid feeding pump, the second liquid feeding pump, and the centrifugal separation are performed so that the blood introduction operation is performed when the amount of the blood in the blood storage space is less than a predetermined amount. 5. The blood component collection device according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the blood component collection device controls the operation of the device drive device.

  (6) The blood according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein the amount of blood containing an anticoagulant introduced into the blood storage space before starting the rotation of the rotor is 15 to 65 mL. Component collection device.

(7) When the rotation of the rotor is started , the control unit controls the operation of the centrifuge drive device so as to increase the rotation speed of the rotor stepwise up to a target rotation speed. Thru | or the blood component collection device in any one of (6).

  According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress the impact on the blood to be centrifuged (anticoagulant-added blood), in particular, the impact on the red blood cells at the start of the centrifugation of the blood, and thereby in the blood storage space of the centrifuge. The resulting microhemolysis (hemolysis) can be suppressed. Thereby, a high-quality blood component can be obtained.

  Hereinafter, the blood component collection device of the present invention will be described in detail based on preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of a blood component collection device of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a state in which a centrifuge is attached to a centrifuge drive device provided in the blood component collection device shown in FIG. FIGS. 3 to 8 are flow charts for explaining the operation of the blood component collection device shown in FIG.

  A blood component collection device 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a device for separating blood into a plurality of blood components and collecting the separated blood components (particularly platelets). The blood component collection device 1 has a rotor 142 having a blood storage space 146 therein, an inlet 143 communicating with the blood storage space 146, and an outlet (outlet) 144. The rotor 142 rotates to rotate the inlet 142 from the inlet 143. The centrifuge 20 that centrifuges the introduced blood in the blood storage space 146, the first line 21 that connects the blood collection needle (blood collection means) 29 and the inlet 143 of the centrifuge 20, and the centrifuge 20 The second line 22 connected to the discharge port 144 of the first line 21, the third line 23 connected to the first line 21, the first line 21 via the tubes 49 and 50, and the tube 43 And a plasma collection bag (collection bag) 25 connected to the second line 22 through 44 and an air bag 27b connected to the second line 22 through the tube 42. The intermediate bag (temporary storage bag) 27a connected to the second line 22 via the tubes 43 and 45, and the platelet collection bag (collection bag) connected to the intermediate bag 27a via the tubes 46, 47 and 48 26 and a blood component collection circuit (collection circuit) 2 having a bag 28 connected to the platelet collection bag 26 via a tube 51.

  Further, the blood component collection device 1 includes a centrifuge drive device 10 for rotating the rotor 142 of the centrifuge 20, a first liquid feeding pump 11 for the first line 21, and a third line. A plurality of (first to seventh seven in this embodiment) channel opening / closing means 81 that can open and close the middle of the channel of the second liquid-feeding pump 12 and the blood component collection circuit 2; 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87 for controlling the centrifuge drive device 10, the first liquid feed pump 11, the second liquid feed pump 12, and the plurality of flow path opening / closing means 81 to 87. Control unit (control means) 13, turbidity sensor 14, optical sensor 15, weight sensor 16, and plural (six in this embodiment) bubble sensors 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36 And.

First, the blood component collection circuit 2 will be described.
This blood component collection circuit 2 connects a blood collection needle (blood collection means) 29 for collecting blood from a donor (blood donor) and an inlet 143 of the centrifuge 20 and includes a first pump tube 21g. A line (blood collection and blood return line) 21, one end side of the second line 22 connected to the outlet (outlet) 144 of the centrifuge 20, and a blood collection needle 29 of the first line 21 are connected. A third line (anticoagulant injection line) 23 having a second pump tube 23 a, a tube 50 connected to the blood collection needle 29 side from the pump tube 21 g of the first line 21, and a tube 50. A tube 43 connected to the second line 22; a tube 44 connected to the tube 43; a plasma collection bag 25 connected to the tubes 44 and 49; The tube 42 connected to the line 22, the air bag 27b connected to the tube 42, the tube 45 connected to the tube 43, the intermediate bag 27a connected to the tube 45, and the intermediate bag 27a Tube 46, Tube 47 connected to tube 46, Tube 48, Platelet collection bag 26 connected to tube 48, Tube 51 connected to platelet collection bag 26, Bag 28 connected to tube 51 And. The air bag 27b and the intermediate bag 27a are integrally formed (integrated).

  The first line 21 is connected to the blood collection needle side first line 21a to which the blood collection needle 29 is connected, one end side is connected to the blood collection needle side first line 21a, and the other end side is connected to the inlet 143 of the centrifuge 20. Centrifuge side first line 21b. As the blood collection needle 29, for example, a known metal needle is used.

  The blood collection needle side first line 21a, the centrifuge side first line 21b, the second line 22 and the third line 23 described later are each connected by a soft resin tube or a plurality of soft resin tubes. Has been formed.

  The blood collection needle side first line 21a is connected to the third line 23 from the blood collection needle 29 side, the chamber 21d for removing bubbles and microaggregates, and the branch connector for connection to the tube 50. 21f.

  Air bubble sensors 35, 36 and 32 are installed along the blood collection needle side first line 21a from the blood collection needle 29 side. In this case, the bubble sensors 35 and 36 are disposed between the branch connector 21c and the chamber 21d, and the bubble sensor 32 is disposed between the chamber 21d and the branch connector 21f.

  The chamber 21d is connected with a gas-permeable and bacteria-impermeable filter 21i through a tube 21h. This line can be used for detecting the internal pressure of the blood collection needle side first line 21a, for example.

  On the other hand, the centrifuge-side first line 21b is connected to a branch connector 21f for connection with the tube 50, and has a first pump tube 21g formed in the middle thereof.

One end of the second line 22 is connected to the outlet 144 of the centrifuge 20.
The second line 22 includes a branch connector 22b for connection to the tubes 42 and 43.

  A turbidity sensor 14 and a bubble sensor 34 are installed along the second line 22 from the centrifuge 20 side. In this case, the turbidity sensor 14 and the bubble sensor 34 are disposed between the centrifuge 20 and the branch connector 22b.

  The branch connector 22b is connected with a filter 22f that is air-permeable and bacteria-impermeable through a tube 41. This line can be used for detecting the internal pressure of the second line 22, for example.

  One end of the third line 23 is connected to a connecting branch connector 21 c provided on the first line 21.

  The third line 23 includes, from the branch connector 21c side, a second pump tube 23a, a sterilizing filter (foreign matter removing filter) 23b, a bubble removing chamber 23c, and an anticoagulant container connecting needle 23d. It has.

  A bubble sensor 31 is installed along the third line 23. The bubble sensor 31 is disposed between the branch connector 21c and the second pump tube 23a.

  The plasma collection bag (third container) 25 is a container for collecting (storing) plasma (second blood component). One end of the tube 49 is connected to the plasma collection bag 25, and a connecting branch connector 22d is provided in the middle thereof. One end of the tube 50 is connected to the branch connector 22d, and the other end is connected to the branch connector 21f.

  One end of the tube 43 is connected to the branch connector 22b, and the other end is provided with a connection branch connector 22c. One end of the tube 44 is connected to the branch connector 22c, and the other end is connected to the plasma collection bag 25.

  A bubble sensor 33 is installed along the tube 46 in the middle of the tube 46.

  The plasma collection bag 25 and tubes 43 and 44 constitute a plasma collection branch line for collecting plasma.

  A platelet (platelet preparation) collection bag (second container) 26, which is a blood component collection bag, collects (stores) plasma containing platelets (first blood component) after passing through a leukocyte removal filter 261 described later. It is a container for. In the following description, plasma containing platelets (first blood component) is referred to as “concentrated platelets”, and concentrated platelets collected (stored) in the platelet collection bag 26 are referred to as “platelet preparations”.

  One end of the tube 51 is connected to the platelet collection bag 26, and the bag 28 is connected to the other end.

  The air bag 27b is a container for temporarily storing (reserving) air.

  At the time of blood collection to be described later, air (sterilized air) in the blood component collection circuit 2 such as in the blood storage space 146 of the centrifuge 20 is transferred and stored in the air bag 27b. In the blood return process (blood component return process), the air stored in the air bag 27b is transferred into the blood storage space 146 of the centrifuge 20 and returned. Thereby, a predetermined blood component is returned to the donor.

  One end of the tube 42 is connected to the branch connector 22b, and the other end is connected to the airbag 27b.

  The intermediate bag (temporary storage bag) (first container) 27a is a container for temporarily storing concentrated platelets (first blood component). One end of the tube 45 is connected to the branch connector 22c, and the other end is connected to the intermediate bag 27a.

  One end of the tube 46 is connected to the intermediate bag 27a, and a connecting branch connector 22e is provided at the other end. The other end of the tube 49 is connected to the branch connector 22e.

  One end of a tube 47 is connected to the connecting branch connector 22e, and a leukocyte removal filter (cell separation filter) 261 for separating and removing leukocytes (predetermined cells) from the thick platelets is provided in the middle of the tube 47. is set up.

  The other end of the tube 47 is provided with a connecting branch connector 22g, and the other end of the tube 48, one end of which is connected to the platelet collection bag 26, is connected to the branch connector 22g.

  Further, a filter main body provided with a vent filter and a filter 22h provided with a cap are installed at the port of the branch connector 22g.

  Here, the tubes 46 and 47 constitute a supply tube for supplying concentrated platelets from the intermediate bag 27a to the leukocyte removal filter 261, and the tube 48 is concentrated platelets after separating and removing leukocytes from the leukocyte removal filter 261. Is discharged (supplied to the platelet collection bag 26).

  That is, the tubes 46, 47, 48, the intermediate bag 27a, the leukocyte removal filter 261 and the platelet collection bag 26 constitute a filtration line for separating and removing leukocytes from the concentrated platelets.

  The intermediate bag 27a, the leukocyte removal filter 261, and the platelet collection bag 26 are in a state where the blood component collection device 1 is assembled. It is set at a position lower than the filter 261.

  Further, as the leukocyte removal filter 261, for example, in a casing having an inlet and an outlet at both ends, for example, a woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric, a mesh, a foam or the like made of a synthetic resin such as polypropylene, polyester, polyurethane, polyamide, etc. The thing constituted by inserting the filtration member which laminated one layer or two layers or more of a porous body can be used.

  As the constituent materials of the tubes used for forming the first to third lines 21 to 23, the pump tubes 21g and 23a, and the other tubes 41 to 51 and 21h, polyvinyl chloride is used. Is preferred.

  If these tubes are made of polyvinyl chloride, sufficient flexibility and softness can be obtained, so that they are easy to handle and are suitable for clogging with a clamp or the like.

  Further, as the constituent materials of the branch connectors 21c, 21f, 22b, 22c, 22d, 22e, and 22g described above, the same materials as those described for the tube can be used.

  In addition, as each pump tube 21g and 23a, what has the intensity | strength of the grade which is not damaged even if it presses with each liquid feeding pump (for example, roller pump etc.) 11 and 12 mentioned later, respectively is used.

  Each of the plasma collection bag 25, the platelet collection bag 26, the intermediate bag 27a, the air bag 27b, and the bag 28 is laminated with a resin-made flexible sheet material, and the peripheral portions thereof are fused (thermal fusion, high frequency fusion). Or a bag formed by bonding with an adhesive or the like. As described above, the air bag 27b and the intermediate bag 27a are integrally formed (integrated).

  As a material used for each bag 25, 26, 27a, 27b, 28, for example, soft polyvinyl chloride is preferably used.

  In addition, as a sheet material used for the platelet collection bag 26, it is more preferable to use a material excellent in gas permeability in order to improve platelet storage stability.

  As such a sheet material, for example, polyolefin, DnDP plasticized polyvinyl chloride, or the like is used, and a sheet material of the above-described material is used without using such a material. What was thin (for example, about 0.1-0.5 mm, especially about 0.1-0.3 mm) is suitable.

  Although the main part of such a blood component collection circuit 2 is not shown, it is of a cassette type, for example. That is, the blood component collection circuit 2 partially stores each line (the first line 21, the second line 22, and the third line 23) and each predetermined tube, and partially holds them. In other words, it comprises a cassette housing in which they are partially fixed.

  Both ends of the first pump tube 21g and the both ends of the second pump tube 23a are fixed to the cassette housing. The pump tubes 21g and 23a are respectively connected to the liquid feeding pumps (for example, roller rollers) from the cassette housing. The pump protrudes in a loop shape corresponding to the shape of 11 and 12. For this reason, the 1st and 2nd pump tubes 21g and 23a are easy to mount on the liquid feeding pumps 11 and 12, respectively. The cassette housing is provided with respective flow path opening / closing means 81 to 87 described later.

  The centrifuge 20 provided in the blood component collection circuit 2 is generally called a centrifuge bowl, and separates blood into a plurality of blood components by centrifugal force.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the centrifuge 20 has a vertically extending tube 141 with an inlet 143 formed at the upper end, and rotates around the tube 141 and is liquid-tightly sealed with respect to the upper portion 145. And a hollow rotor 142.

  An annular blood storage space 146 is formed in the rotor 142 along the inner surface of the peripheral wall. The blood storage space 146 has a shape (tapered shape) in which the inner and outer diameters gradually decrease from the lower part toward the upper part in FIG. 2, and the lower part is formed in a substantially disc shape formed along the bottom part of the rotor 142. The upper end of the tubular body 141 communicates with the discharge port (outlet) 144. Further, in the rotor 142, the volume of the blood storage space 146 is, for example, about 100 to 350 mL, and the maximum inner diameter (maximum radius) from the rotating shaft of the rotor 142 is, for example, about 55 to 65 mm.

  Such a rotor 142 rotates under predetermined centrifugal conditions (rotation speed and rotation time) set in advance by the centrifuge drive device 10 included in the blood component collection device 1. Under this centrifugal condition, a blood separation pattern (for example, the number of blood components to be separated) in the rotor 142 can be set.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the centrifugal conditions are set so that the blood is separated from the inner layer into the plasma layer 131, the buffy coat layer 132, and the red blood cell layer 133 in the blood storage space 146 of the rotor 142.

Next, the overall configuration of the blood component collection device 1 shown in FIG. 1 will be described.
The blood component collection device 1 includes a centrifuge drive device 10 for rotating the rotor 142 of the centrifuge 20, a first liquid feeding pump 11 installed in the middle of the first line 21, and a third The flow path of the second liquid feeding pump 12 installed in the middle of the line 23 and the blood component collection circuit 2 (first line 21, tube 42, tube 44, tube 45, tube 47, tube 49, tube 50). A plurality of flow path opening / closing means 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, a centrifuge drive device 10, a first liquid feeding pump 11, a second liquid feeding pump 12, and And a control section (control means) 13 for controlling the plurality of flow path opening / closing means 81 to 87.

  Furthermore, the blood component collection device 1 includes a turbidity sensor 14 mounted (installed) on the second line 22, an optical sensor 15 installed near the centrifuge 20, and a plurality of bubble sensors 31 to 36. And a weight sensor 16 for measuring the weight of the plasma together with the plasma collection bag 25.

  The control unit 13 includes two pump controllers (not shown) for the first liquid feeding pump 11 and the second liquid feeding pump 12, and the control unit 13, the first liquid feeding pump 11, and the second liquid feeding pump 12. The liquid feed pump 12 is electrically connected via a pump controller.

A drive controller (not shown) included in the centrifuge drive device 10 is electrically connected to the control unit 13.
Each of the channel opening / closing means 81 to 87 is electrically connected to the control unit 13.

  The turbidity sensor 14, the optical sensor 15, the weight sensor 16, and the bubble sensors 31 to 36 are each electrically connected to the control unit 13.

  The control unit 13 is composed of, for example, a microcomputer. The control unit 13 receives detection signals from the turbidity sensor 14, the optical sensor 15, the weight sensor 16, and the bubble sensors 31 to 36, as needed. Entered.

  Based on the detection signals from the turbidity sensor 14, the optical sensor 15, the weight sensor 16, and the bubble sensors 31 to 36, the control unit 13 operates each part of the blood component collection device 1 according to a preset program, that is, Controls the rotation, stop, and rotation direction (forward / reverse rotation) of each liquid feed pump 11, 12, and controls the opening / closing of each channel opening / closing means 81 to 87 and the operation of the centrifuge drive device 10 as necessary. To do.

  The first flow path opening / closing means 81 is provided to open and close the first line 21 from the first pump tube 21g to the blood collection needle 29 side, that is, between the branch connector 21f and the chamber 21d.

  The second flow path opening / closing means 82 is provided to open / close the tube 50. The third flow path opening / closing means 83 is provided for opening and closing the tube 44. The fourth flow path opening / closing means 84 is provided to open and close the tube 45. The fifth flow path opening / closing means 85 is provided for opening and closing the tube 42. The sixth flow path opening / closing means 86 is provided to open and close the tube 49. The seventh flow path opening / closing means 87 is provided to open / close the tube 47.

  Each of the flow path opening / closing means 81 to 87 includes an insertion portion into which the first line 21 and the tubes 50, 44, 45, 42, 49, and 47 can be inserted. It has a clamp that operates with a drive source such as a motor or cylinder (hydraulic or pneumatic). Specifically, an electromagnetic clamp that operates with a solenoid is suitable.

  Each of these channel opening / closing means (clamps) 81 to 87 operates based on a signal from the control unit 13.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the centrifuge drive device 10 includes a housing 201 that houses the centrifuge 20, a leg portion 202, a motor 203 that is a drive source, and a disk-shaped fixing that holds the centrifuge 20. And a table 205.

  The housing 201 is placed and fixed on the upper portion of the leg portion 202. In addition, a motor 203 is fixed to the lower surface of the housing 201 via a spacer 207 with bolts 206.

  A fixed base 205 is fitted on the tip of the rotating shaft 204 of the motor 203 so as to rotate coaxially and integrally with the rotating shaft 204, and the bottom of the rotor 142 is fitted on the upper portion of the fixed base 205. A concave portion is formed.

  The upper portion 145 of the centrifuge 20 is fixed to the housing 201 by a fixing member (not shown).

  In such a centrifuge drive device 10, when the motor 203 is driven, the fixed base 205 and the rotor 142 fixed thereto rotate at, for example, about 3000 to 6000 rpm.

  The optical sensor 15 is installed on the side of the housing 201 (left side in FIG. 2).

  The optical sensor 15 is configured to project light toward the blood storage space 146 and to receive the reflected light.

  The optical sensor 15 irradiates (projects) light (for example, laser light) from the light projecting unit 151, and the reflected light reflected by the reflecting surface 147 of the rotor 142 is received by the light receiving unit 152. The light receiving unit 152 converts the received light quantity into an electrical signal.

  At this time, the projection light and the reflected light are transmitted through the blood component in the blood storage space 146, but the position of the blood component interface (the interface B between the plasma layer 131 and the buffy coat layer 132 in this embodiment). Accordingly, since the abundance ratio of each blood component at a position where the light projection light and the reflected light are transmitted is different, the transmittance thereof is changed. As a result, the amount of light received by the light receiving unit 152 varies (changes), and this variation can be detected as a change in the output voltage from the light receiving unit 152.

  That is, the optical sensor 15 can detect the position of the blood component interface based on the change in the amount of light received by the light receiving unit 152.

  The interface of the blood component detected by the optical sensor 15 is not limited to the interface B, and may be the interface between the buffy coat layer 132 and the red blood cell layer 133, for example.

  Here, each of the layers 131 to 133 in the blood storage space 146 has a different color depending on the blood component, and in particular, the red blood cell layer 133 is red with the color of the red blood cells. For this reason, from the viewpoint of improving the accuracy of the optical sensor 15, there is a range suitable for the wavelength of the projection light, and the wavelength range is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 600 to 900 nm, for example. 750 to 800 nm is more preferable.

  The turbidity sensor 14 is for detecting the turbidity of the fluid flowing in the second line 22 and outputs a voltage value corresponding to the turbidity. Specifically, a low voltage value is output when the turbidity is high, and a high voltage value is output when the turbidity is low.

  The turbidity sensor 14 can detect, for example, a change in the concentration of platelets in plasma flowing through the second line 22 and the mixing of red blood cells into the plasma.

  Further, the bubble sensor 34 can detect, for example, the replacement of the fluid flowing in the second line 22 from air to plasma.

  In addition, the bubble sensor 32 can detect, for example, the replacement of the fluid flowing in the portion of the blood collection needle side first line 21a where the bubble sensor 32 is provided with air from blood.

  As the turbidity sensor 14 and the bubble sensors 31 to 36, for example, an ultrasonic sensor, an optical sensor, an infrared sensor, or the like can be used.

  As the first liquid delivery pump 11 to which the first pump tube 21g is attached and the second liquid delivery pump 12 to which the second pump tube 23a is attached, for example, non-blood such as a roller pump, respectively. A contact type pump is preferably used.

  Further, as the first liquid feeding pump (blood pump) 11, a pump capable of feeding blood in any direction is used. Specifically, a roller pump capable of forward rotation and reverse rotation is used.

  Here, the present invention introduces blood containing an anticoagulant into the blood storage space 146 of the centrifuge 20, that is, blood to which an anticoagulant is added (mixed) (anticoagulant-added blood). When the blood is centrifuged in the blood storage space 146, the rotation of the rotor 142 is started when there is substantially no blood in the blood storage space 146 or when the amount of blood in the blood storage space 146 is less than a predetermined amount. Prior to this, a blood introduction operation (anticoagulant-added blood introduction operation) for introducing (supplying) a predetermined amount of blood (anticoagulant-added blood) containing an anticoagulant into the blood storage space 146 is performed. Have.

  In this case, the blood introduction operation is performed at least in the first cycle among the cycles of the platelet collection operation (blood component collection operation) described later.

  That is, at least in the first cycle, prior to starting the rotation of the rotor 142, a predetermined amount of blood (anticoagulant-added blood) containing an anticoagulant is introduced into the blood storage space 146. Then, after the predetermined amount of blood is introduced into the blood storage space 146, the rotation of the rotor 142 is started, and the rotation speed (rotation speed) of the rotor 142 reaches the target rotation speed (target rotation speed) and is stably To the first plasma collection step described later.

  Thereby, the impact on the blood to be centrifuged (anticoagulant-added blood), in particular, the impact on the red blood cells at the start of the centrifugation of the blood can be suppressed. Thereby, microhemolysis (hemolysis) generated in the blood storage space 146. Etc. can be suppressed.

  Further, the amount of blood (anticoagulant-added blood) containing an anticoagulant introduced into the blood storage space 146 before the rotation of the rotor 142 is started, that is, the blood storage space 146 before the rotation of the rotor 142 is started. The amount of blood containing the anticoagulant is preferably about 15 to 65 mL, and more preferably about 15 to 35 mL.

  When the amount of blood containing the anticoagulant introduced into the blood storage space 146 is less than the lower limit value, the hemolysis preventing effect is reduced.

  In addition, when the amount of blood containing the anticoagulant introduced into the blood storage space 146 exceeds the upper limit value, the rotor 142 starts rotating when the blood is centrifuged. Since the time until the plasma overflows from the outlet 144 (centrifugation time) is shortened, the separability in centrifugation may be reduced.

  In addition, it does not specifically limit as an anticoagulant added to blood, For example, ACD-A liquid etc. can be used.

  Next, the blood component collection operation using the blood component collection device 1 will be described with reference to the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 to 8 as an example of the case of performing the platelet collection operation.

  Under the control of the control unit 13, the blood component collection device 1 includes a first plasma collection process, a constant-speed plasma circulation process, a second plasma collection process, an accelerated plasma circulation process, and a third plasma collection process. The platelet collection operation (blood component collection operation) having a platelet collection step and a blood return step (blood component return step) is performed. This platelet collection operation is performed at least once.

  In the present embodiment, the platelet collection operation is repeated a plurality of times (from the first cycle to the nth cycle, where n is an integer of 2 or more).

  In the first cycle (first cycle), the blood introduction step (anticoagulant added blood introduction step), that is, the blood introduction operation (anticoagulant added blood introduction operation) is performed before the first plasma collection step. Configured to do.

  Further, in parallel with the platelet collection operation in the final cycle, the blood component collection device 1 controls the control unit 13 to control the concentrated platelets temporarily collected (stored) in the intermediate bag 27a, and the leukocyte removal filter. 261 to perform a filtration operation for separating and removing white blood cells in the concentrated platelets. From the viewpoint of shortening the donor's restraint time, it is preferable to start this filtration operation simultaneously with the platelet collection operation in the final cycle (particularly in the early stage of the platelet collection operation). The component collecting apparatus 1 is configured to start the filtering operation almost simultaneously with the start of the second plasma collecting step in the platelet collecting operation in the final cycle.

[0] First, the blood collection needle 29 of the third line 23 and the first line 21 to the chamber 21d is primed with an anticoagulant, and then the blood collection needle 29 is placed in the blood vessel of the donor (blood donor). Puncture.

[1] Platelet collection operation in the first cycle (first cycle) (see FIGS. 3 and 4)
[1A] First, the blood component collection device 1 performs a blood introduction (anticoagulant-added blood introduction) step. In the blood introduction process, blood is introduced into the blood storage space 146 of the rotor 142 without rotating the rotor 142 (when the centrifuge drive device 10 is in an inoperative state).

  Specifically, in the blood introduction step, the first flow path opening / closing means 81 and the fifth flow path opening / closing means 85 are opened and the other flow path opening / closing means are closed under the control of the control unit 13. The first liquid pump 11 is operated (forward rotation) at a predetermined rotation speed (preferably about 250 mL / min or less, more preferably about 40 to 150 mL / min, for example, 60 mL / min), and blood collection from the donor is started. (Step S10A in FIG. 3).

  Simultaneously with this blood collection, the second liquid pump 12 is operated under the control of the control unit 13 to supply an anticoagulant such as an ACD-A solution via the third line 23, This anticoagulant is mixed into the collected blood (step S10A in FIG. 3).

  At this time, the rotation speed of the second liquid feeding pump 12 is adjusted by the control unit 13 so that the anticoagulant is mixed with the blood sample at a predetermined ratio (preferably about 1/20 to 1/6, for example, 1/10). To be controlled.

  As a result, blood (anticoagulant-added blood) is transferred through the first line 21 and introduced into the blood storage space 146 of the rotor 142 through the tube 141 from the inlet 143 of the centrifuge 20.

  At this time, air (sterilized air) in the centrifuge 20 is sent into the air bag 27b through the second line 22 and the tube 42.

  As described above, blood (anticoagulant-added blood) is introduced into the blood storage space 146 without rotating the rotor 142, so that the impact on the blood, particularly the impact on the red blood cells can be suppressed. Microhemolysis (hemolysis) or the like occurring in 146 can be suppressed.

  Next, the control unit 13 performs the first operation from the time when it is detected by the bubble sensor 32 that the fluid flowing through the site where the bubble sensor 32 of the blood collection needle side first line 21a is changed from air to blood. Whether or not a predetermined amount of blood (anticoagulant-added blood) has been introduced into the blood storage space 146 is determined based on the number of rotations of one liquid delivery pump 11 (step S10B in FIG. 3).

  The introduction amount (predetermined amount) of this blood (anticoagulant-added blood) is preferably about 15 to 65 mL, more preferably about 15 to 35 mL, as described above.

  When a predetermined amount of blood (anticoagulant-added blood) is introduced into the blood storage space 146 in step S10B, the control unit 13 operates the centrifuge drive device 10 (step S10C in FIG. 3). Then, the process proceeds to the first plasma collection (first PPP collection) step.

[11] Next, the blood component collection device 1 performs a first plasma collection (first PPP collection) step. In the first plasma collection step, blood is introduced into the blood storage space 146 of the rotor 142 and plasma (PPP) separated by centrifuging the blood is collected in the plasma collection bag 25.

  In the first plasma collection step, first, the control unit 13 collects plasma (second blood component) (step S101 in FIG. 3).

  Specifically, the control unit 13 operates the centrifuge drive device 10 and controls the rotor 142 to rotate at a predetermined rotational speed (rotational speed).

  The rotational speed of the rotor 142 is preferably about 3000 to 6000 rpm, more preferably about 4200 to 5800 rpm. In the following steps, the control unit 13 does not change the rotational speed of the rotor 142 unless otherwise specified.

  Here, when starting the rotation of the rotor 142, for example, the rotational speed of the rotor 142 may be continuously increased to the target rotational speed, or may be increased stepwise, but increased stepwise. Is preferred.

  For example, when the rotational speed of the rotor 142 is increased to the target rotational speed in two stages, first, the rotational speed of the rotor 142 is increased to the first rotational speed (for example, 3000 rpm), and stable at the first rotational speed. Let Thereafter, the rotational speed of the rotor 142 is increased to a second rotational speed (for example, 5000 rpm) which is the target rotational speed (second rotational speed> first rotational speed), and the second rotational speed is increased. Stabilize.

  Under the control of the control unit 13, the first liquid feeding pump 11 is operated (forward rotation) at a predetermined rotational speed (preferably about 250 mL / min or less, more preferably about 40 to 150 mL / min, for example 60 mL / min). Continue to collect blood from the donor.

  Simultaneously with this blood collection, the second liquid pump 12 is operated under the control of the control unit 13 to supply the anticoagulant via the third line 23, and this anticoagulant is added to the blood collected. Into.

  At this time, the rotation speed of the second liquid feeding pump 12 is adjusted by the control unit 13 so that the anticoagulant is mixed with the blood sample at a predetermined ratio (preferably about 1/20 to 1/6, for example, 1/10). To be controlled.

  As a result, blood (anticoagulant-added blood) is transferred through the first line 21 and introduced into the blood storage space 146 of the rotor 142 through the tube 141 from the inlet 143 of the centrifuge 20.

  At this time, air (sterilized air) in the centrifuge 20 is sent into the air bag 27b through the second line 22 and the tube 42.

  The blood introduced into the blood storage space 146 by the rotation of the rotor 142 is separated from the inside into three layers: a plasma layer (PPP layer) 131, a buffy coat layer (BC layer) 132, and a red blood cell layer (CRC layer) 133. The

  As described above, the rotation of the rotor 142 is started while a predetermined amount of blood (anticoagulant-added blood) is introduced into the blood storage space 146, and the rotation speed of the rotor 142 is increased stepwise. Impact, particularly impact on erythrocytes can be suppressed, whereby microhemolysis (hemolysis) or the like occurring in the blood storage space 146 can be suppressed.

  Further, when the blood collection and the supply of the anticoagulant are continued and blood (about 270 mL) exceeding the capacity of the blood storage space 146 is introduced into the blood storage space 146, the blood storage space 146 is filled with blood and centrifuged. Plasma (PPP) flows out from the outlet 144 of the vessel 20.

  At this time, the bubble sensor 34 installed in the second line 22 detects that the fluid flowing in the second line 22 has changed from air to plasma, and the control unit 13 detects the bubble sensor 34. Based on the signal, control is performed so that the fifth flow path opening / closing means 85 is closed and the third flow path opening / closing means 83 is opened.

  As a result, plasma is introduced into and collected in the plasma collection bag (third container) 25 through the second line 22 and the tubes 43 and 44.

  The weight of the plasma collection bag 25 is measured by the weight sensor 16, and the measured weight signal is input to the control unit 13.

  Next, the control unit 13 determines whether or not a predetermined amount of plasma has been collected in the plasma collection bag 25 based on information (weight signal) from the weight sensor 16 (step S102 in FIG. 3).

  The amount of plasma collected (predetermined amount) is preferably about 10 to 150 g, more preferably about 20 to 40 g.

  In step S102, when a predetermined amount of plasma is not collected in the plasma collection bag 25, the control unit 13 returns to step S101 and repeats step S101 and subsequent steps again.

  In step S102, when a predetermined amount of plasma is collected in the plasma collection bag 25, the control unit 13 ends this step [11] (first plasma collection step) and performs constant-speed plasma. Move to circulation process.

[12] Next, the blood component collection device 1 performs a constant-speed plasma circulation (constant-speed PPP circulation) step. In the constant-speed plasma circulation step, the plasma in the plasma collection bag 25 is circulated in the blood storage space 146 at a constant speed.

  In the constant-speed plasma circulation step, first, the control unit 13 circulates plasma (step S103 in FIG. 3).

  Specifically, under the control of the control unit 13, the first flow path opening / closing means 81 is closed, the second flow path opening / closing means 82 is opened, the second liquid feed pump 12 is stopped, and the first flow path opening / closing means 82 is stopped. The liquid feed pump 11 is operated (normally rotated) at a predetermined rotation speed (preferably about 60 to 250 mL / min, for example, 200 mL / min).

  As a result, the blood collection is temporarily interrupted, and the plasma in the plasma collection bag 25 is introduced into the blood storage space 146 through the tubes 49 and 50 and the first line 21 at a constant speed, and the outlet 144 of the centrifuge 20 is introduced. The plasma flowing out of the plasma is collected in the plasma collection bag 25 through the second line 22 and the tubes 43 and 44. That is, the plasma in the plasma collection bag 25 is circulated in the blood storage space 146 at a constant speed.

  Next, the control unit 13 determines whether or not a predetermined time (preferably about 10 to 90 seconds, for example, 30 seconds) has elapsed since the start of the constant-speed PPP circulation (step S104 in FIG. 3).

  In step S104, when the predetermined time has not elapsed since the start of the constant speed PPP circulation, the control unit 13 returns to step S103, and repeats step S103 and subsequent steps again.

  In step S104, when a predetermined time has elapsed since the start of the constant-speed PPP circulation, the control unit 13 ends this step [12] (constant-speed plasma circulation step), and the second plasma Move to the collection process.

[13] Next, the blood component collection device 1 performs a second plasma collection (second PPP collection) step. In the second plasma collection step, blood is introduced into the blood storage space 146 of the rotor 142, and the plasma separated by centrifuging the blood is collected in the plasma collection bag 25.

  In the second plasma collecting step, the step [11] except that the position of the interface B between the plasma layer 131 and the buffy coat layer 132 is detected instead of measuring the amount of collected plasma by the weight sensor 16. A step similar to the (first plasma collection step) is performed.

  In the second plasma collection step, first, the control unit 13 collects plasma (step S105 in FIG. 3).

  At this time, the control unit 13 controls the second flow path opening / closing means 82 to be closed and the first flow path opening / closing means 81 to be opened.

  As a result, the amount of red blood cells in the blood storage space 146 increases, that is, as the layer thickness of the red blood cell layer 133 increases, the interface B also gradually rises (moves in the direction of the rotation axis of the rotor 142).

  Next, the control unit 13 determines whether or not the interface B has reached a predetermined level (first position) based on the detection signal (interface position detection information) from the optical sensor 15 (step S106 in FIG. 3). ).

  The first position of the interface B is preferably the position at which the detection signal from the first optical sensor 15 (output voltage from the light receiving unit 152) is about 1 to 2V. .

  In step S106, when the interface B has not reached the first position, the control unit 13 returns to step S105 and repeats step S105 and subsequent steps again.

  In Step S105, when interface B reaches the 1st position, control part 13 ends this process [13] (2nd plasma collection process), and shifts to an acceleration plasma circulation process. .

[14] Next, the blood component collection device 1 performs an accelerated plasma circulation (accelerated PPP circulation) step. In the accelerated plasma circulation step, the plasma in the plasma collection bag 25 is circulated while being accelerated into the blood storage space 146.

  In the accelerated plasma circulation process, first, the control unit 13 circulates plasma (step S107 in FIG. 3).

  Specifically, under the control of the control unit 13, the first flow path opening / closing means 81 is closed, the second flow path opening / closing means 82 is opened, the second liquid feed pump 12 is stopped, and It operates (forward rotation) so that the rotational speed of the first liquid feeding pump 11 increases (increases) at a constant acceleration.

  As a result, the blood collection is temporarily interrupted, and the plasma in the plasma collection bag 25 is introduced into the blood storage space 146 through the tubes 49 and 50 and the first line 21 while being accelerated, and the outlet 144 of the centrifuge 20 is introduced. The plasma flowing out of the plasma is collected in the plasma collection bag 25 through the second line 22 and the tubes 43 and 44. That is, the plasma in the plasma collection bag 25 is circulated while being accelerated into the blood storage space 146.

  At this time, the controller 13 increases (increases) the rotational speed of the first liquid feed pump 11 at a constant acceleration from a speed (initial speed: for example, 60 mL / min) slower than the constant speed PPP circulation. To control.

  The acceleration condition (acceleration) is preferably about 1 to 10 mL / min / sec, more preferably about 3 to 6 mL / min / sec. Further, the acceleration may not be constant, and may change stepwise or continuously within the above range, for example.

  Next, the control unit 13 determines whether or not the circulation speed of plasma into the blood storage space 146 has reached the maximum speed, that is, the rotation speed of the first liquid feeding pump 11 is the maximum speed (preferably 130 to 250 mL / min). It is determined whether or not a certain level (eg, 155 mL / min) has been reached (step S108 in FIG. 3).

  This step S108 is continued until the circulation speed of plasma into the blood storage space 146 reaches the maximum speed.

  In step S108, when the circulation speed of plasma into the blood storage space 146 reaches the maximum speed, the control unit 13 ends this process [14] (accelerated plasma circulation process), and collects the third plasma. Move to the process.

[15] Next, the blood component collection device 1 performs a third plasma collection (third PPP collection) step. In the third plasma collection step, blood is introduced into the blood storage space 146 of the rotor 142, and the plasma separated by centrifuging the blood is collected in the plasma collection bag 25.

  In the third plasma collection step, first, the control unit 13 collects plasma (step S109 in FIG. 3).

  Next, the control unit 13 determines whether or not a predetermined amount of plasma has been collected in the plasma collection bag 25 based on information (weight signal) from the weight sensor 16 (step S110 in FIG. 3).

  The amount of plasma collected (predetermined amount) is preferably about 2 to 30 g, more preferably about 5 to 15 g.

  In step S110, when a predetermined amount of plasma is collected in the plasma collection bag 25, the control unit 13 ends this step [15] (third plasma collection step), and the platelet collection step. (Transition to 1 in FIG. 4).

[16] Next, the blood component collection device 1 performs a platelet collection (PC collection) step. In the platelet collection step, the plasma in the plasma collection bag 25 is circulated in the blood storage space 146 while being accelerated at the first acceleration, and then changed to a second acceleration larger than the first acceleration. The blood is circulated while being accelerated at an acceleration of 2, the platelets are discharged from the blood storage space 146, and the concentrated platelets are collected (stored) in the intermediate bag 27a.

  In the platelet collection process, first, the control unit 13 performs plasma circulation (PPP circulation) by the first acceleration (step S111 in FIG. 4).

  Specifically, under the control of the control unit 13, the first flow path opening / closing means 81 is closed, the second flow path opening / closing means 82 is opened, the second liquid feed pump 12 is stopped, and It operates (forward rotation) so as to increase (increase) the rotation speed of the first liquid feeding pump 11 at the first acceleration.

  Thereby, the blood collection is interrupted, and the plasma in the plasma collection bag 25 is introduced into the blood storage space 146 through the tubes 49 and 50 and the first line 21 while being accelerated at the first acceleration, and the centrifuge The plasma flowing out from the 20 outlets 144 is collected in the plasma collection bag 25 via the second line 22 and the tubes 43 and 44. That is, the plasma in the plasma collection bag 25 is circulated in the blood storage space 146 while being accelerated at the first acceleration.

  At this time, if plasma is circulated in the blood storage space 146 while accelerating at the first acceleration, diffusion of the red blood cell layer 133 (increase in layer thickness) occurs, and the interface B gradually rises (in the direction of the rotation axis of the rotor 142). Move to).

  The first acceleration is preferably about 0.5 to 10 mL / min / sec, more preferably about 1.5 to 2.5 mL / min / sec. The first acceleration may not be constant, and may change stepwise or continuously within the above range, for example.

  Further, the initial speed of the first liquid feed pump 11 in the PPP circulation by the first acceleration is preferably about 40 to 150 mL / min, more preferably about 50 to 80 mL / min.

  Next, the control unit 13 continues Step S111 until the circulating speed of plasma into the blood storage space 146 reaches a predetermined speed (Step S112 in FIG. 4).

  The plasma circulation speed, that is, the rotation speed of the first liquid delivery pump 11 is preferably about 100 to 180 mL / min, more preferably about 140 to 160 mL / min.

  In step S112, when the circulation speed of plasma into the blood storage space 146 reaches a predetermined speed, the control unit 13 performs plasma circulation (PPP circulation) by the second acceleration (step S113 in FIG. 4). ).

  Specifically, under the control of the control unit 13, the acceleration of the first liquid feed pump 11 is changed from the first acceleration to the second acceleration, and the rotation speed of the first liquid feed pump 11 is changed to the second speed. It operates (forward rotation) to increase (increase) at an acceleration of. Thereby, the plasma in the plasma collection bag 25 is circulated in the blood storage space 146 while being accelerated by the second acceleration.

  At this time, if plasma is circulated in the blood storage space 146 while accelerating at the second acceleration, diffusion of the red blood cell layer 133 (increase in layer thickness) occurs, and the interface B gradually rises (in the direction of the rotation axis of the rotor 142). The platelet (PC) in the buffy coat layer 132 rises (swells) against the centrifugal force and moves toward the discharge port 144 of the rotor 142.

  The second acceleration is set to be greater than the first acceleration, and is preferably about 3 to 20 mL / min / sec, more preferably about 5 to 10 mL / min / sec. Note that the second acceleration may not be constant, and may change stepwise or continuously within the above range, for example.

  Next, the control unit 13 determines whether or not the circulating speed of plasma into the blood storage space 146 has reached the maximum speed, that is, the rotational speed of the first liquid feeding pump 11 is the maximum speed (preferably 120 to 300 mL / min). It is determined whether or not a certain level (for example, 200 mL / min) has been reached (step S114 in FIG. 4).

  In step S114, when the circulation speed of plasma into the blood storage space 146 has not reached the maximum speed, the control unit 13 returns to step S113 and repeats step S113 and subsequent steps again.

  In step S114, when the circulation speed of plasma into blood storage space 146 reaches the maximum speed, control unit 13 performs plasma circulation continuation (PPP continuation) (step S115 in FIG. 4).

  Specifically, the control unit 13 controls (maintains) the rotational speed of the first liquid feeding pump 11 at the maximum speed in step S115. Thereby, the circulation rate of plasma into the blood storage space 146 is preferably about 120 to 300 mL / min, for example, 200 mL / min.

  Next, the control unit 13 determines whether or not a predetermined time (preferably about 5 to 15 seconds, for example, 10 seconds) has elapsed since the PPP circulation continuation was started (step S116 in FIG. 4).

  In step S116, if the predetermined time has not elapsed since the start of the PPP circulation continuation, the control unit 13 then determines that the output voltage (PC concentration voltage) from the turbidity sensor 14 is a predetermined value (preferably 2). It is determined whether or not the voltage has decreased to about 5 to 3.5 V, for example, 3.0 V or less (step S117 in FIG. 4).

  In step S117, if the output voltage from the turbidity sensor 14 has not decreased below the predetermined value, the control unit 13 returns to step S115 and repeats step S115 and subsequent steps again.

  While repeating steps S115 to S117, in step S116, when a predetermined time has elapsed since the start of PPP circulation continuation, the control unit 13 ends this step [16] (platelet collection step). Then, the process proceeds to step S122 described later.

  In step S117, when the output voltage from the turbidity sensor 14 decreases to a predetermined value or less, that is, as platelets flow out from the discharge port 144 of the rotor 142, the second line 22 flows. When the platelet concentration in plasma reaches a predetermined value or more, the control unit 13 collects platelets (PC) (step S118 in FIG. 4).

  Specifically, the control unit 13 controls the third flow path opening / closing means 83 to be closed and the fourth flow path opening / closing means 84 to be opened based on the detection signal of the turbidity sensor 14.

  Thereby, concentrated platelets are introduced into the intermediate bag 27a via the second line 22 and the tubes 43 and 45, and collected (stored). At this time, since the seventh flow path opening / closing means 87 is closed, the concentrated platelets do not flow out from the intermediate bag 27a.

  Further, the control unit 13 calculates the platelet concentration (cumulative PC concentration) in the intermediate bag 27a based on the output voltage (detection signal) from the turbidity sensor 14. The platelet concentration continues to rise after the start of PC collection, and once it reaches the maximum concentration, it begins to fall.

  Next, the control unit 13 determines whether or not a predetermined time (preferably about 10 to 25 seconds, for example, 15 seconds) has elapsed since the start of PC collection (step S119 in FIG. 4).

  If the predetermined time has not elapsed since the start of the PC sampling in step S119, the control unit 13 then determines whether the output voltage (PC concentration voltage) of the turbidity sensor 14 has reached a predetermined value or less. Is determined (step S120 in FIG. 4).

  The predetermined value of the output voltage of the turbidity sensor 14 is a value near the time when red blood cells are mixed in the plasma flowing in the second line 22, and is preferably about 0.5 V or less.

  In step S120, when the output voltage of the turbidity sensor 14 has not reached the predetermined value or less, the control unit 13 then determines whether or not the concentrated platelets in the intermediate bag 27a have reached a predetermined amount. (Step S121 in FIG. 4).

  The collection amount (predetermined amount) of the concentrated platelets is preferably about 20 to 100 mL, more preferably about 40 to 80 mL.

  In step S121, when the concentrated platelets in the intermediate bag 27a do not reach the predetermined amount, the control unit 13 returns to step S118 and repeats step S118 and subsequent steps again.

  While repeating steps S118 to S121, when a predetermined time has elapsed since the start of PC sampling in step S119, or when the output voltage of the turbidity sensor 14 has reached a predetermined value or less in step S120 The control unit 13 ends this step [16] (platelet collection step), and proceeds to step S122 described later.

  In step S121, when the concentrated platelets in the intermediate bag 27a reach a predetermined amount, the control unit 13 opens the fifth channel opening / closing means 85 and all the other channel opening / closing means 81. ˜84, 86, 87 are closed, the first liquid pump 11 is stopped, and this step [16] (platelet collecting step) is completed.

[17] Next, the blood component collection device 1 performs a step of stopping the centrifuge 20.
In this step, first, the control unit 13 decelerates the centrifuge 20 (step S122 in FIG. 4).

  Specifically, under the control of the control unit 13, the rotational speed of the centrifuge drive device 10 is decreased and the rotor 142 is decelerated.

Further, the control unit 13 stops the centrifuge 20 (step S123 in FIG. 4).
Specifically, under the control of the control unit 13, the rotation of the centrifuge drive device 10 is stopped and the rotor 142 is stopped.

[18] Next, the blood component collection device 1 performs a blood return step. In the blood return process, blood components (remaining blood components) in the blood storage space 146 of the rotor 142 are returned.

In the blood return process, the control unit 13 returns blood (step S124 in FIG. 4).
Specifically, the first flow path opening / closing means 81 and the fifth flow path opening / closing means 85 are opened under the control of the control unit 13 and the first liquid feed pump 11 is rotated at a predetermined rotational speed (preferably 20). Operates (reverses) at about 120 mL / min, for example, 90 mL / min.

  Thereby, blood components (mainly red blood cells and white blood cells) remaining in the blood storage space 146 of the rotor 142 are discharged from the inflow port 143 of the centrifuge 20 and are passed through the first line 21 (blood collection needle 29). Blood is returned (returned) to the donor.

Then, after the air discharged from the centrifugal separator 20 is detected by the bubble sensor 32 and the first liquid feeding pump 11 is rotated a predetermined number of times, the first flow path opening / closing means 81 and the fifth flow path are While closing the opening / closing means 85, the first liquid pump 11 is stopped, and this step [18] (blood returning step) is completed.
Thereby, the platelet collection operation in the first cycle is completed.

[2] Platelet collection operation in the second cycle that is not the final cycle (see FIGS. 5 and 6)
Subsequently, the platelet collection operation of the second cycle is performed.

  In the platelet collecting operation in the second cycle, the following steps are performed as in the platelet collecting operation in the first cycle except that the blood introduction step is not performed as described below.

  The reason for not performing the blood introduction step in the second cycle is that when the blood return step in the first cycle is completed, a predetermined amount (necessary and sufficient amount) of anticoagulant is contained in the blood storage space 146 of the rotor 142. This is because the blood component (blood), that is, a predetermined amount of plasma containing an anticoagulant remains (already introduced).

[21] to [28] Steps similar to the steps [11] to [18] are performed, respectively.
Thereby, the platelet collection operation in the second cycle is completed.

  Needless to say, a blood introduction step (blood introduction operation) may be performed in the second cycle.

  The platelet collection operation after the third cycle which is not the final cycle is the same as the second cycle.

[3] Platelet collection operation in the final cycle (see FIGS. 7 and 8)
Subsequently, the platelet collection operation for the final cycle is performed.

  In the platelet collection operation in the final cycle, the following steps are performed as in the platelet collection operation in the first cycle except that the blood introduction step is not performed and the filtration step for separating and removing leukocytes from the concentrated platelets is performed as described below.

  The reason for not performing the blood introduction step in the final cycle is the same as in the second cycle. Needless to say, the blood introduction step (blood introduction operation) may be performed in the final cycle.

[31], [32] Steps similar to the steps [11], [12] are respectively performed.
[33] A step similar to the step [13] is performed.

  Further, almost simultaneously with performing this step [33] (second plasma collection step), the control unit 13 supplies the concentrated platelets temporarily collected (stored) in the intermediate bag 27a to the leukocyte removal filter 261. Then, filtration of concentrated platelets, that is, separation and removal of white blood cells in the concentrated platelets is performed.

  Specifically, before the step S305, under the control of the control unit 13, the seventh flow path opening / closing means 87 is opened to start the filtration process (step S30P in FIG. 7).

  Thereby, the concentrated platelets in the intermediate bag 27a are transferred into the platelet collection bag 26 through the tubes 46 and 47, the leukocyte removal filter 261, and the tube 48 by a drop (self-weight). At this time, most of the concentrated platelets pass through the filtration member of the leukocyte removal filter 261, but the leukocytes are captured by the filtration member. For this reason, the removal rate of leukocytes in the platelet preparation can be made extremely high.

  The transfer of the concentrated platelets from the intermediate bag 27a to the platelet collection bag 26 may be performed using a pump.

  Further, the seventh flow path opening / closing means 87 may be a clamp or the like that can manually open and close the middle of the flow path of the tube 47 instead of the one operated by the control of the control unit 13.

[34] to [37] Steps similar to the steps [14] to [17] are respectively performed.
[38] The air discharged from the centrifugal separator 20 is detected by the bubble sensor 35 or 36 to close the first flow path opening / closing means 81 and the fifth flow path opening / closing means 85, and the first liquid feed Except for stopping the pump 11 and ending this step [38] (blood return step), the same step as the step [18] is performed.
Thereby, the platelet collection operation in the final cycle is completed.

  The platelet collection operation is not limited to being performed a plurality of times, and may be performed only once, for example.

  The configuration of the blood component collection circuit 2 can also be set as appropriate, and is not limited to the illustrated configuration.

  As described above, according to the blood component collecting apparatus 1, it is possible to suppress the impact on the centrifuged blood (anticoagulant-added blood), in particular, the impact on the red blood cells at the start of blood centrifugation. Thus, microhemolysis (hemolysis) or the like occurring in the blood storage space 146 can be suppressed. Thereby, a high-quality platelet preparation can be obtained.

  Further, in this blood component collecting apparatus 1, since the leukocytes are separated and removed by the leukocyte removal filter 261 from the concentrated platelets separated and collected from the blood, a platelet preparation with extremely low leukocyte contamination can be obtained.

  The blood component collection device of the present invention is not limited to the case where it is applied to obtain a platelet preparation, and may be applied, for example, when producing a plasma preparation, a leukocyte preparation, an erythrocyte preparation, etc. from blood, The cells separated and removed by the cell separation filter are not limited to leukocytes.

  Moreover, in the blood component collection device of the present invention, the blood introduced into the blood storage space of the centrifuge and centrifuged is not limited to blood collected from a donor (blood donor) by blood collection means, but is collected in, for example, surgery. It may be blood (blood collected during surgery) or the like.

In the blood component collection device of the present invention, blood collection means and the like may be omitted.
In the blood component collection device of the present invention, instead of the blood collection means, other forms of blood introduction means such as blood suction means for sucking blood may be provided.

  As mentioned above, although the blood component collection device of the present invention has been described based on the illustrated embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this, and the configuration of each part is an arbitrary configuration having the same function. Can be replaced. Moreover, other arbitrary structures and processes may be added to the present invention.

  For example, in the present invention, the optical sensor is not limited to the illustrated one, and may be a line sensor or the like, for example.

It is a top view which shows 1st Embodiment of the blood component collection apparatus of this invention. It is a partially broken sectional view of the state where the centrifuge was installed in the centrifuge drive device with which the blood component collection device shown in FIG. 1 is provided. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the effect | action of the blood component collection device shown in FIG. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the effect | action of the blood component collection device shown in FIG. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the effect | action of the blood component collection device shown in FIG. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the effect | action of the blood component collection device shown in FIG. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the effect | action of the blood component collection device shown in FIG. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the effect | action of the blood component collection device shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Blood component collection apparatus 2 Blood component collection circuit 10 Centrifuge drive device 11 1st liquid feeding pump 12 2nd liquid feeding pump 13 Control part 14 Turbidity sensor 15 Optical sensor 151 Light projection part 152 Light receiving part 153 Reflection Plate 16 Weight sensor 20 Centrifuge 21 First line 21a Blood collection needle side first line 21b Centrifuge side first line 21c Branch connector 21d Chamber 21f Branch connector 21g Pump tube 21h Tube 21i Filter 22 Second line 22b Branch Connector 22c Branch connector 22d Branch connector 22e Branch connector 22f Filter 22g Branch connector 22h Filter 23 Third line 23a Pump tube 23b Bacteria-removing filter 23c Bubble removal chamber 23d Anticoagulant Connecting needle 25 Plasma collection bag 26 Platelet collection bag 261 Leukocyte removal filter 27a Intermediate bag 27b Air bag 28 Bag 29 Blood collection needle 31-36 Air bubble sensor 41-51 Tube 81-87 First to seventh flow path opening / closing means 131 Plasma layer 132 Buffy coat layer 133 Red blood cell layer 141 Tubular body 142 Rotor 143 Inlet port 144 Outlet port 145 Upper portion 146 Blood storage space 147 Reflecting surface 147a Curved convex surface 147b First surface 147c Second surface 201 Housing 202 Leg portion 203 Motor 204 Rotation Shaft 205 Fixing stand 206 Bolt 207 Spacer S101 to S124, S10A, S10B, S10C Step S201 to S224 Step S301 to S324, S30P Step

Claims (7)

Blood collection means for collecting blood;
A centrifuge that includes a rotor having a blood storage space therein, and centrifuges blood collected by the blood collection means by rotation of the rotor in the blood storage space;
A blood component collection circuit comprising a blood component collection bag that communicates with the blood storage space and collects a predetermined blood component separated by the centrifuge ;
A first liquid feed pump for introducing blood collected by the blood collection means into the blood storage space;
A second liquid feeding pump for adding an anticoagulant to the blood collected by the blood collecting means;
A centrifuge drive device for rotating the rotor;
A controller for controlling the operation of the first liquid feed pump, the second liquid feed pump, and the centrifuge drive device ;
A blood component collecting apparatus for performing at least one cycle of a blood component collecting operation, comprising: a blood component collecting step of collecting the predetermined blood component by centrifuging the collected blood; and a blood component returning step of returning the remaining blood component There,
The control unit operates the centrifuge drive device to start rotation of the rotor when introducing blood containing an anticoagulant into the blood storage space and centrifuging the blood in the blood storage space. prior to the first by operating the liquid feed pump and the second liquid supply pump, control to perform blood introducing operation for introducing a predetermined amount of blood containing an anticoagulant to the blood storage space A blood component collection apparatus characterized by: The control unit is configured to perform the blood introduction operation in at least the first cycle among the blood component collection operations, so that the first liquid feeding pump, the second liquid feeding pump, and the centrifugal separation are performed. The blood component collection device according to claim 1, which controls the operation of the blood vessel drive device. A centrifuge that includes a rotor having a blood storage space therein, and centrifuges blood in the blood storage space by rotation of the rotor;
A blood component collection circuit comprising a blood component collection bag that communicates with the blood storage space and collects a predetermined blood component separated by the centrifuge ;
A first liquid feeding pump for introducing blood into the blood storage space;
A second liquid pump for adding an anticoagulant to the blood;
A centrifuge drive device for rotating the rotor;
A blood component collection device having a control unit that controls the operation of the first liquid pump, the second liquid pump, and the centrifuge drive device ;
The control unit operates the centrifuge drive device to start rotation of the rotor when introducing blood containing an anticoagulant into the blood storage space and centrifuging the blood in the blood storage space. prior to the first by operating the liquid feed pump and the second liquid supply pump, control to perform blood introducing operation for introducing a predetermined amount of blood containing an anticoagulant to the blood storage space A blood component collection apparatus characterized by:   The blood component collection device according to claim 3, wherein the blood introduced into the blood storage space and centrifuged is blood collected from a blood donor or blood collected during surgery. When the control unit introduces blood containing an anticoagulant into the blood storage space and centrifuges the blood in the blood storage space, the blood substantially does not exist in the blood storage space, or The first liquid feeding pump, the second liquid feeding pump, and the centrifuge drive device so that the blood introduction operation is performed when the amount of the blood in the blood storage space is less than a predetermined amount. The blood component collection device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which controls the operation of the blood component.   The blood component collection device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein an amount of blood containing an anticoagulant introduced into the blood storage space before starting rotation of the rotor is 15 to 65 mL. 7. The control unit according to claim 1, wherein when the rotation of the rotor is started, the operation of the centrifuge drive device is controlled such that the rotation speed of the rotor is increased stepwise to a target rotation speed. 8. A blood component collecting device according to claim 1.

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