JP4343794B2 - segment - Google Patents

Description

The present invention is stretched in the excavated tunnel bore those about the segment for building tunnels.

  In a road tunnel, it is necessary to provide an emergency parking zone for a vehicle every predetermined distance. This emergency parking zone forms a parking space on the side of the main road, and is formed in a widening tunnel constructed along a part of the longitudinal direction of the tunnel.

  Conventionally, when constructing a widening tunnel along a part of the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, first the main tunnel that forms the main road is excavated and constructed with a shield machine, and then the main tunnel is constructed with a shield machine for widening. A widening tunnel was constructed by excavating radially outward. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses such a widening excavator. However, since this method requires two steps to construct a tunnel, there are disadvantages that the cost is high and the construction period is prolonged.

Japanese Patent Publication No.62-1073

  Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 10, the present inventors newly developed a shield machine 62 capable of constructing the main tunnel 60 and the widening tunnel 61 in parallel, and the main tunnel 60 constructed using the shield machine 62 and A technology is being developed in which the widening tunnel 61 is joined and communicated together. The shield machine 62 is provided at the side of the shield body 63 and is provided at the side of the shield main body 63 for excavating a widening tunnel hole (not shown), and at the side of the shield main body 63 in the vicinity of the widening cutter 64. A widening shield portion 65 for extending a widening segment 67 in the widening tunnel hole is provided.

  By the way, the widening shield portion 65 of the shield machine 62 is provided at least in front of the segment assembly position of the main tunnel 60, and the widening segment 67 assembled by the widening shield portion 65 is in front of the main tunnel 60. Since it is pushed into the hole, there is a restriction that the widening tunnel 61 cannot be fixed to the main tunnel 60 until the widening tunnel 61 is adjacent to the main tunnel 60. For this reason, there is a problem that the rear end portion 66 of the widening tunnel 61 that is initially sent out from the widening shield portion 65 is particularly likely to be displaced.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a segment, a pressing device, and a tunnel construction method that can solve the above-described problems and prevent the positional deviation of the tunnel being constructed.

To accomplish the above object, a segment for which stretched to build a tunnel excavated tunnel bore, the segment body, for holding the segment body in the natural ground of the tunnel bore in segments provided with the anchor member, the anchor member comprises a spherical seat provided on the segment body, a spherical member rotatably mounted on the spherical seat, which is freely inserted haunt spherical member And a hook-like member .

  The anchor member may be provided on the segment body so as to protrude outward in the radial direction of the tunnel, and the anchor member may be provided on the segment body so as to protrude in the axial direction of the tunnel.

  The anchor member includes a spherical seat provided on the segment body, a spherical member rotatably attached to the spherical seat, and a hook-like member inserted and retracted through the spherical member. Good.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the position shift of the tunnel under construction can be prevented.

  4 is a plan view of a shield machine for constructing a main tunnel and a widening tunnel, FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is a view taken along the line BB in FIG. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the shield machine 1 includes a shield main body 3 having a main cutter 2 at the front portion in the excavation direction, and a widening cutter 4 provided at a side portion of the shield main body 3 so as to be able to protrude and retract radially outward. The widening shield portion 6 is provided on the side of the shield body 3 and protrudes into and out of the widening tunnel hole 5 excavated by the widening cutter 4. The shield body 3 has a main segment erector 10 for constructing the main tunnel 9 by extending the main segment 8 in the main tunnel hole 7 excavated by the main cutter 2 at the rear part. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, a guide device 12 that protrudes and protrudes radially outward to guide a widening tunnel 11 to be described later is provided on a side portion of the shield body 3, and is provided in advance in the widening tunnel 11. The widened tunnel 11 is supported by engaging the groove 42 and the upper and lower ends of the widened tunnel 11. A plurality of guide devices 12 are provided on the side of the shield body 3 in the circumferential direction and in the axial direction (front-rear direction). The guide device 12 includes a cylinder portion 44 provided integrally with the shield body 3, and a guide rod 45 that is provided in the cylinder portion 44 so as to be able to project and retract and is slidably contacted with the widening tunnel 11. The widening cutter 4 includes a cutter surface portion 13 formed in a substantially disc shape, and a rotation mechanism 14 for pivotally supporting the cutter surface portion 13 so as to tilt forward and backward and changing the direction of the excavation surface. The wide tunnel hole 5 can be excavated along the side portion of the main tunnel hole 7 by projecting the surface portion 13 radially outward of the main tunnel hole 7 and directing the excavation surface forward.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the widening shield portion 6 includes a widening segment erector 16 for constructing the widening tunnel 11 by stretching the widening segment 15 in the widening tunnel hole 5 excavated by the widening cutter 4. And a jack 17 for pushing the widening tunnel 11 backward. An opening 18 for feeding the assembled widened segment 15 is formed at the rear end of the outer peripheral portion of the widened shield portion 6. The opening 18 is closed by the wife segment 19 which is the widening segment 15 when the widening shield portion 6 is caused to appear and disappear in the widening tunnel hole 5, and is not flooded into the machine from the opening 18. The wife segment 19 is formed in a plate shape having substantially the same shape as the opening 18.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the widening tunnel 11 has a pressing device 46 for fixing the position of the widening tunnel 11 in the widening tunnel hole 5. The pressing device 46 is configured by providing the widened segment 15 with an anchor member 47 for holding the widened segment 15 on the ground of the widened tunnel hole 5. That is, the widened segment 15 constituting the pressing device 46 is configured by providing the widened segment main body 57 with the anchor member 47. The anchor member 47 includes a peripheral anchor member 20 provided in the wife segment 19 so as to protrude outward in the radial direction of the widening tunnel 11, and a wife side anchor member provided in the wife segment 19 so as to protrude in the axial direction of the widening tunnel 11. 21 and a ground anchor 43 provided on another widened segment 15 assembled on the front side of the wife segment 19.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the peripheral anchor member 20 includes a spherical seat 23 provided on the wife segment 19, a spherical member 24 that is rotatably attached to the spherical seat 23, and a protrusion and dropout in the spherical member 24. It is configured to include a hook-shaped member 30 that is freely inserted, and the protruding direction can be adjusted by appropriately rotating the spherical member 24. The spherical seat 23 is formed by forming a concave surface for receiving a spherical surface on the inner periphery of a receiving body 28 formed in a substantially ring shape, and a seal 29 for sealing between the spherical member 24 and the concave surface. Is provided. Further, the seat body 28 is formed to be separable, and is configured not to be separated from the spherical member 24 by assembling so as to surround the periphery of the spherical member 24. Thus, the spherical member 24 is held by the spherical seat 23 so as to be freely rotatable in any direction.

  One end side of the hook-shaped member 30 is exposed to the outside of the tunnel, and a tip member 31 for catching a natural mountain is provided at the tip. The tip member 31 is formed in a plate shape so as to capture the natural ground with a surface, and is rotatably connected to the bowl-shaped member 30. The outer peripheral edge of the tip member 31 is bent at a predetermined angle so as to warp, and is configured to capture the natural ground well while appropriately escaping the earth and sand hitting the outer peripheral edge when the natural ground is pressed. Further, the wife segment 19 is formed with a recess 25 for accommodating the tip member 31 so that the tip member 31 does not interfere with the protruding and retracting of the widened shield portion 6 with respect to the shield body 3.

  The spherical member 24 is provided with a seal 35 for sealing between the gutter-shaped member 30 and a delivery means 36 for feeding the gutter-shaped member 30 out of the tunnel. The feed means 36 is provided on the spherical member 24 and extends toward the inside of the widening tunnel 11, and the feed screw 37 is slidably inserted and is integrally provided on the other end side of the bowl-shaped member 30. The slide member 38 is provided with a feed nut 39 that is screwed to the feed screw 37 and feeds the slide member 38.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the wife anchor member 21 has substantially the same configuration as the peripheral anchor member 20, and the hook-shaped member 48 and the feed screw 49 are formed longer than the peripheral anchor member 20. As a result, the end anchor member 21 has a longer stroke than the peripheral anchor member 20, and the widening tunnel hole 5 is gradually widened according to the amount of protrusion of the widening cutter 4 when the widening cutter 4 is activated. It is configured to reach. As shown in FIG. 1, the ground anchor 43 includes a lock bolt 32 that is driven into the ground, a washer 33 that is inserted into the base end side of the lock bolt 32, and a washer 33 that is screwed into the lock bolt 32. And a nut 34 that is tightly fixed to the widened segment 15.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the main tunnel 9 and the widening tunnel 11 are connected to the main segment 8 on the widening tunnel 11 side of the main tunnel 9 and the widening segment 15 on the main tunnel 9 side of the widening tunnel 11. The connecting device 22 is provided before assembling in advance, and connects the main tunnel 9 and the widening tunnel 11 behind the shield machine 1. The connecting device 22 includes a bolt 26 and a nut 27. The bolt 26 and the nut 27 are rotatably provided to the main segment 8 or the widened segment 15 via a spherical seat 23a and spherical members 24a and 24b similar to the peripheral anchor member 20, respectively. The spherical member 24b on the nut 27 side is provided with a handle 24c for rotating the spherical member 24b when the nut 27 is aligned with the bolt 26.

  Next, the tunnel construction method is described.

  As shown in FIG. 4, when constructing the widening tunnel 11 along the main tunnel 9, first, the main tunnel hole 7 is excavated and the widening tunnel hole 5 is excavated at an arbitrary position of the main tunnel hole 7. Segments 8 and 15 are stretched between the main tunnel hole 7 and the widening tunnel hole 5 to construct the main tunnel 9 and the widening tunnel 11.

  The main tunnel hole 7 is excavated by the main cutter 2, and the main segment 9 is constructed by extending the main segment 8 in the main tunnel hole 7 with the main segment erector 10. Excavation of the widening tunnel hole 5 is performed by the widening cutter 4. Specifically, the widening cutter 4 is projected from the shield body 3 while being driven and tilted forward to start excavating the widening tunnel hole 5. At this time, the widening shield portion 6 is gradually projected into the widening tunnel hole 5 to prepare for assembling the widening segment 15. At the same time, the guide rod 45 of the guide device 12 is protruded from the shield body 3 to prepare to guide the widened segment 15 assembled by the widened shield portion 6. When the widening shield portion 6 is projected, the wife segment 19 is disposed in the opening 18, but the distal end member 31 of the wife side anchor member 21 is accommodated in the concave portion 25 of the wife segment 19, so that the widening shield portion is The movement of 6 is not disturbed.

  In this way, when the widening shield part 6 is completely projected from the shield body 3, the wife side anchor member 21 is attached to the wife segment 19 arranged in the opening 18 of the widening shield part 6 while assembling the other widening segment 15. Extend backwards. The other widened segment 15 to be assembled to the wife segment 19 is provided with a ground anchor 43 in advance. Further, the wife-side anchor member 21 is extended by turning the feed nut 39 to feed the slide member 38 rearward and projecting the hook-shaped member 48 rearward in the axial direction. At this time, the widening portion at the rear end of the widening tunnel hole 5 is inclined so as to gradually decrease in width toward the rear, but the bowl-shaped member 48 has a direction in which the spherical member 24 protrudes by appropriately rotating. Since the tip member 31 is rotatably provided at the tip of the hook-shaped member 48, the spherical member 24 is placed so that the tip of the hook-like member 48 is appropriately directed radially outward. By projecting the hook-shaped member 48 backward while rotating, the tip member 31 can be stably seated on the ground of the widened tunnel hole 5, and the ground can be reliably captured.

  In this way, when the axial position of the wife segment 19 with respect to the widening tunnel hole 5 is fixed, the other widening segment 15 assembled to the wife segment 19 is pushed backward by the jack 17. The wife segment 19 and the widened segment 15 assembled to the wife segment 19 are pushed backward relatively as the shield machine 1 advances. When the wife segment 19 comes out of the widening shield part 6, the peripheral anchor members 20 are extended radially outward in the same manner as the wife anchor member 21, and the radial position of the wife segment 19 is fixed. . Thereby, the wife segment 19 is locked to the ground by the plurality of anchor members 47 having different projecting directions, and is fixed so as not to move in any direction. When the widened segment 15 comes out of the widened shield part 6 following the wife segment 19, the ground anchor 43 is projected from the widened segment 15 and driven into a natural ground. Thereby, the rear-end part of the widening tunnel 11 will be fixed to a natural ground still more firmly. Thereafter, the widening tunnel 11 is constructed by sequentially assembling the widening segments 15 and extruding them from the widening shield portion 6.

  As shown in FIG. 6, when the shield machine 1 advances a predetermined distance, the widening tunnel 11 is engaged with the upper and lower ends and the groove 42 by the guide rod 45 protruding from the shield body 3, and the position in the vertical direction is guided. The Rukoto.

  As shown in FIG. 4, when the constructed main tunnel 9 and widening tunnel 11 extend to the rear of the shield machine 1 and are adjacent to each other, the adjacent segments 8 and 15 are connected to each other by a connecting device 22 and fixed. To do. At this time, the widening tunnel 11 is extended while holding the front and rear, left, right, top and bottom positions of the rear end portion on the ground via the pressing device 46 and the circumferential position of the intermediate portion being held by the guide rod 45. Adjacent to the main tunnel 9 with almost no displacement. When connecting the main tunnel 9 and the widening tunnel 11, as shown in FIG. 7, the bolt 26 and the nut 27 of the connecting device 22 are appropriately rotated so that the axes are aligned with each other, and the bolt 26 is moved toward the nut 27. The bolt 26 and the nut 27 are fastened.

  When the widened segment 15 is assembled at a predetermined distance, the wife segment 19 is assembled to the widened segment 15 to block the front end of the widened tunnel 11, and the opening 18 of the widened shield portion 6 is closed with the wife segment 19, and the widened cutter 4 and the widened shield portion 6 is immersed in the shield body 3, and the construction work of the widening tunnel 11 is completed. Then, the ground for water stop of the peripheral part of the segments 8 and 15 is improved.

  In this way, the widening tunnel 11 is connected to the main tunnel 9 over the entire length, and when the water stop operation is completed, the portion where the main tunnel 9 and the widening tunnel 11 overlap is opened, and the main tunnel 9 and the widening tunnel 11 are separated. Join and communicate with each other by welding.

  In this way, the pressing device 46 is configured by providing the anchoring member 47 for holding the widening segment 15 on the ground of the widening tunnel hole 5 on the widening segment 15 stretched in the widening tunnel hole 5, so The positional deviation of the widening tunnel 11 can be easily prevented.

  Since the peripheral anchor member 20 is provided on the widened segment 15 so as to protrude outward in the radial direction of the widened tunnel 11, the vertical and horizontal positions of the widened tunnel 11 can be easily fixed. Since the end anchor member 21 is provided in the widened segment 15 so as to protrude in the axial direction of the widening tunnel 11, the axial position of the widening tunnel 11 can be easily fixed.

  Then, the peripheral anchor member 20 and the wife-side anchor member 21 can be moved into and out of the spherical member 24, the spherical member 23 provided on the widened segment 15, the spherical member 24 rotatably attached to the spherical member 23, and the spherical member 24. Since the hook-shaped members 30 and 48 are inserted, the direction in which the peripheral anchor member 20 and the wife-side anchor member 21 protrude can be adjusted as appropriate, and the peripheral anchor member 20 and the wife-side anchor member 21 are grounded. It can be stably engaged with the mountain, and the widened segment 15 can be reliably held on the ground.

  Further, when the anchor member 47 is composed of the ground anchor 43 driven into the natural ground, the anchor member 47 can have a simple structure.

  When the widened segment 15 is stretched in the widened tunnel hole 5, after the widened segment 15 is locked to the natural ground by the anchor member 47, the widened segments 15 are sequentially assembled to construct the widened tunnel 11. When the widening tunnel 11 is connected to the main tunnel 9 with bolts 26 and nuts 27 when it is adjacent to the main tunnel 9 behind the shield machine 1, the rear end of the widening tunnel 11 is being constructed while the widening tunnel 11 is being constructed. Therefore, the widening tunnel 11 and the main tunnel 9 can be easily connected with the rear end portion of the widening tunnel 11 adjacent to the main tunnel 9 at a substantially predetermined position.

  And since the anchor member 47 is provided in the widening segment 15 located at the start end of the widening tunnel 11, that is, the wife segment 19, the rear end of the widening tunnel 11 is held in the natural ground before the widening tunnel 11 that has started construction is displaced. Therefore, the positional deviation of the widening tunnel 11 can be surely prevented.

  Furthermore, before the other widened segment 15 is assembled on the front side of the wife segment 19, a ground anchor 43 to be driven into the natural mountain is provided in advance, so that the widening tunnel 11 is also formed in the natural mountain on the front side of the wife segment 19. It is possible to hold the position of the widening tunnel 11 more reliably.

  Further, when the widened segment 15 is stretched in the widened tunnel hole 5, after the widened segment 15 is locked to the ground with the anchor member 47, the widened segment 15 is sequentially assembled to construct the widened tunnel 11. At the same time, the guide rod 45 is projected radially outward from the shield machine 1 to guide the wide tunnel 11, and when the wide tunnel 11 is adjacent to the main tunnel 9 behind the shield machine 1, the wide tunnel 11 is used as the main tunnel. 9 is connected with the bolt 26 and the nut 27, so that the rear end portion and the intermediate portion of the widening tunnel 11 can be prevented from being misaligned while the widening tunnel 11 is being constructed. As a result, it is possible to prevent the intermediate portion of the widening tunnel 11 from moving radially outward and the rear end portion from being pulled forward, and the rear end portion of the widening tunnel 11 to the main tunnel 9 at a substantially predetermined position. The widening tunnel 11 and the main tunnel 9 can be easily connected to each other.

  Although the ground anchor 43 is driven into the natural ground from the widened segment 15 on the front side of the wife segment 19 and the widened segment 15 is held on the natural ground, the peripheral anchor member 20 may be used instead of the ground anchor 43. . In addition, when the rear end portion of the widened tunnel 11 can be held in the natural ground only by the anchor member 47 provided on the wife segment 19, the widened segment 15 provided with the anchor member 47 such as the ground anchor 43 is provided on the front side of the wife segment 19. There is no need to assemble.

  In the above-described embodiment, the ground anchor 43 is provided in the other widened segment 15 that is directly assembled to the wife segment 19. However, the ground anchor 43 may be provided in any widened segment 15.

  Moreover, although embodiment which provides the anchor member 47 in the widening segment 15 was described, it is not restricted to this. The anchor member 47 may be provided in another segment as in other embodiments described below. In addition, about the structure similar to the above, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 9, in the curved tunnel hole 51 excavated by the shield machine 50, segments 53 with anchors fixed to the natural ground are assembled at regular intervals together with ordinary curve segments 52. ing. The anchored segment 53 is configured by providing an anchor member 47 for holding the segment main body 54 on the ground of the tunnel hole 51 on the segment main body 54 of the curve segment 52. The anchor members 47 are each composed of a ground anchor 43 and are provided so as to protrude outward in the radial direction. A plurality of anchored segments 53 are arranged on the same circumference so that the tunnel 55 is firmly held on the ground.

  Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

  When the segments 52 and 53 are stretched in the tunnel hole 51 curved by the shield machine 50, an anchor (not shown) in the shield machine 50 is assembled with normal curve segments 52 and anchored at predetermined intervals. Assemble segment 53. The anchored segment 53 is sent out from the shield machine 50 by sequentially assembling the other curve segments 52 on the front side and pushed backward by a shield jack (not shown). When the anchored segment 53 is sent out from the shield machine 50, the anchor members 47 are protruded and driven into the ground. As a result, the anchored segment 53 is held on the ground, and even if the ground is loose, it does not move, and the propulsion force of the shield jack is reliably transmitted to the ground and a predetermined reaction force is applied to the shield machine 50. Can do.

  Thus, the anchor member 47 for holding the segment main body 54 on the ground of the tunnel hole 51 is attached to the segment main body 54 of the segment 52 for constructing the tunnel 55 by being stretched in the excavated tunnel hole 51. Even if the anchored segment 53 is provided, the anchored segment 53 can be held on the ground by the anchor member 47, and the anchored segment 53 can be prevented from shifting.

  The anchor member 47 is made of the ground anchor 43, but may be the peripheral anchor member 20 described above. That is, the anchor member 47 may be configured to include the spherical seat 23 provided on the segment body 54, the spherical member 24, and the hook-shaped members 30 and 48. The anchor member 47 may be provided on the segment main body 54 so as to protrude in the axial direction.

  Although the anchored segment 53 is assembled at a position where the tunnel 55 curves, the anchored segment 53 may be assembled at another position such as a straight line position, and the anchored segment 53 may be held on the ground.

It is a back sectional view of a pressing device showing a suitable embodiment of the present invention. It is a back surface sectional view of the pressing device immersed in the widening segment. It is side surface sectional drawing of a pressing apparatus. It is a top view of the shield machine which constructs a main tunnel and a widening tunnel. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 4. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG. 4. It is CC sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is a back surface sectional view of the wife segment which plugs up the rear end of a widening tunnel. It is a schematic plan view of the tunnel under construction showing another embodiment. It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the shield machine under development.

Explanation of symbols

1 Shield machine 5 Widening tunnel hole 7 Main tunnel hole 8 Main segment (segment)
9 Main tunnel 11 Widening tunnel 15 Widening segment 19 Wife segment (segment)
23 Spherical member 24 Spherical member 26 Bolt 27 Nut 30 Gutter-shaped member 43 Ground anchor 45 Guide rod 46 Pushing device 47 Anchor member 48 Gutter-shaped member 51 Tunnel hole 53 Segment 54 Segment main body 55 Tunnel 57 Widened segment main body

Claims (3)

A segment for which stretched to build a tunnel excavated tunnel bore, the segment body, in segments provided with the anchor member for retaining the segment body in the natural ground of the tunnel bore, the anchor The member is configured to include a spherical seat provided in the segment body, a spherical member rotatably attached to the spherical seat, and a hook-like member inserted and retracted through the spherical member. A segment characterized by The segment according to claim 1, wherein the anchor member is provided on the segment body so as to protrude outward in the radial direction of the tunnel. The segment according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the anchor member is provided on the segment body so as to protrude in the axial direction of the tunnel.

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