JP4333921B2 - Work vehicle - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a work vehicle.

FIG. 9 shows an example of a small excavation work vehicle frequently used for urban civil engineering work. The small excavation work vehicle is provided with a canopy 200 at the same time that a counterweight 100 for balancing the vehicle with respect to a load applied to the work device is disposed on the side opposite to the mounting position of the work device 90. However, in recent years, as the demand for safety improvement increases, in order to ensure the safety of the operator when the vehicle falls, a driver protection structure that conforms to the strength standard defined in the ISO standard or the like, that is, ROPS (Roll-over Protective Structure). ) Canopies with cabs or cabs are increasingly required.

FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of a conventional ROPS canopy mounted on a small excavation work vehicle. As shown in FIG. 10, a ROPS canopy support member 110 having a sheet metal structure is attached to a frame 150, and a canopy 210 having a sheet metal structure is attached on the ROPS canopy support member 110 so as to have a prescribed strength, thereby forming a ROPS canopy. (For example, refer nonpatent literature 1.).

For example, as shown in FIG. 11, the counterweight 120 is extended upward,
It is also known that a support member 221 that supports the canopy 220 is provided on the upper end side of the counterweight 120 so as to support the canopy 220 (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
“Bobcat, Model 56 Hydrologic Excavator Parts Manual”, Melroe Company, November 1986, p. A3 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-140607 (page 2-5, FIG. 1-6)

However, the conventional ROPS canopy support member 110 as shown in FIG.
Since it is a sheet metal structure, the structure for supporting the ROPS canopy 210 has a problem in that the structure becomes complicated and the manufacturing cost is significantly increased due to an increase in weight in order to ensure the prescribed strength. is there.

 Further, an engine (not shown) is disposed at the rear portion of the ROPS canopy support member 110 shown in FIG. 10, and the ROPS canopy support member 110 is an obstacle to work for inspecting and maintaining the engine. Therefore, there is a problem in the maintainability of the engine.

Further, the counterweight 120 as shown in FIG. 11 extends the counterweight 120 upward, so that the center of gravity of the counterweight 120 can be moved to the rear end side, and stability during operation is improved. However, since the counterweight that supports the ROPS canopy is not a structure that satisfies the specified strength, the canopy 220 cannot constitute the ROPS canopy.
In addition, two support members 220a of the canopy 220 are erected narrowly in the rear of the operation sheet S (see Patent Document 1). The two support members 220a are positioned, and the rear view is not always good.
Furthermore, Patent Document 1 illustrates a case where one thick support member 220a is disposed as a second embodiment. However, since it is located directly behind the worker's seat position, the worker's rear view is shown. The support member 220a is positioned at the center of the screen, and the center of the field of view is blocked.
Therefore, further improvement is desired regarding the worker's rear view.
The present invention has been made paying attention to the problems of the above-described conventional structure, and has a ROPS canopy that is simple in structure and can reduce the manufacturing cost, improves maintainability, and reduces the operator's rear view. The object is to provide an improved work vehicle.

In order to achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a work vehicle having at least a counterweight and a canopy having two struts. A spacer is attached, two pillars of the canopy are installed on the spacer , and floor attachment portions of the floor to be tilted are formed on the left and right ends of the spacer. The operator seat is provided on the floor, and the two struts in the canopy have a spacing dimension wider than the width dimension of the operator seat, and are located in a lateral region or a rear region on the side of the operator seat. It is characterized by doing.

A second invention is characterized in that, based on the first invention, an inspection hole is provided in a central portion of the counterweight.

According to a third invention, based on the first invention, the spacer is provided with a tap hole for attaching the canopy and a tap hole for attaching to the counterweight.

According to a fourth aspect based on the first aspect, an engine is disposed below the operation seat.

According to a fifth aspect based on the first aspect , the canopy extends below the two struts toward the center of the vehicle body, and includes a lower attachment member for attaching the canopy to the spacer. It is characterized by.

According to a sixth aspect based on the first aspect , the canopy includes a lower mounting member for connecting the two struts to each other at a lower portion and attaching the canopy to the spacer. To do.

A seventh invention is based on the fifth or sixth invention, wherein the lower mounting member in the canopy is made of cast or forged.

An eighth invention is a canopy in which an operator seat on which an operator is seated, a counterweight, and a roof portion are supported by two right and left columns, and a lower mounting member is provided at the bottom of the two columns, The two left and right struts in the canopy have a distance that is wider than the width of the operation sheet, and a canopy that is located laterally or in a rear area on the side of the operation sheet, the counterweight, and the canopy A spacer disposed between the lower mounting member of the counterweight , and is a single plate directly attached to the upper surface of the counterweight . and a spacer formed with the floor mounting portion, with fastening the lower attachment member of the said spacer canopy by bolts, the said spacer counter Characterized in that the fact that the weight was fastened by a bolt.

According to the first invention, since the spacer is mounted on the counterweight and the two columns of the canopy are installed on the spacer, the center of gravity of the counterweight can be moved toward the rear end side. At the same time, the maintainability of the engine can be improved, and the manufacture of the counterweight is facilitated.

According to the second invention, since the inspection hole is provided in the central portion of the counterweight, the oil level of the engine disposed in the engine room in the front portion of the counterweight, the filter replacement, etc. Can be easily performed.

According to the third invention, since the canopy is placed on the counterweight through the spacer having the canopy mounting tap hole and the mounting tap hole for the counterweight, the upper surface of the counterweight By increasing the width of the spacer without increasing the width of the canopy mounting seat, the width of the contact portion of the canopy with the lower mounting member can be increased. As a result, it is possible to sufficiently secure the mounting strength of the canopy, and further, since it is not necessary to increase the width of the canopy mounting seat on the upper surface of the counterweight, the space in the engine room is not reduced.
According to the fourth aspect of the invention, since the left and right end portions of the spacer are provided with floor mounting portions, the floor is removed by removing the bolts screwed into the mounting tap holes for mounting the spacer to the counterweight. In a state where the canopy is fixed integrally, it is possible to tilt around the hinge pin of the tilt hinge provided at the front end of the floor. As a result, the space above the engine room is widely opened, so that the inspection and maintenance work becomes very easy.
According to the fifth invention, since the two struts in the canopy have a distance dimension wider than the width dimension of the operation sheet, the strength of the load resistance of the struts against the lateral load is improved.

In addition, since the two struts in the canopy are located on the side of the operation seat and in the lateral region or the rear region, there is no obstacle in the center of the worker's rear field of view and the rear field of view is good. .
According to the sixth aspect, since the engine is disposed below the operation seat, the operation seat can be disposed further rearward. Therefore, the operator's operation space is expanded, the operability is improved, and the getting on / off property to the vehicle body is good.
According to the seventh invention, since the lower mounting member of the canopy extends toward the center of the vehicle body, the canopy can be mounted on the center side of the vehicle body, and the lower mounting member does not protrude outward from the vehicle body. Contributes to compact body.

According to the eighth invention, the canopy connects the two struts to each other at the lower portion by the lower mounting member, so that the canopy forms a rectangular-like solid structure, and the strength of the load resistance against the lateral load is increased. .
According to the ninth aspect, when the lower mounting member of the canopy is made of a casting, it can be formed into a smooth shape that reduces stress concentration. Further, when the lower mounting member of the canopy is made of forging, the forged stream line flows along the surface, so that the product strength is high. Therefore, even if the lower mounting member of the canopy is made of cast or forged, the strength of the load resistance is increased, and the specified strength required for the ROPS canopy can be easily obtained.

According to the tenth invention, since the counterweight and the canopy are connected via the spacer, when the cabin is attached instead of the canopy, the spacer can be removed and the cabin can be attached to the floor. High degree of freedom.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a work vehicle according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a side view of the appearance of a small excavation vehicle which is an example of a work vehicle according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, a counterweight 1 is disposed at the rear end portion of a frame (not shown), and the counterweight 1 is resistant to a load applied to the work device 9 disposed at the front end portion of the frame. Plays the function of balancing.
Further, an engine 36 is disposed in front of the counterweight 1 and below the operation seat Os on which an operator sits.
Therefore, the operation seat Os can be arranged further on the rear side of the vehicle body, the operation space for the operator in front of the operation seat Os can be expanded, and the operability is improved and the operator can get on and off. is doing.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the counterweight 1 and the canopy 2 placed on the counterweight 1. The counterweight 1 is made of cast material and has an outer surface formed in a substantially arc shape, and an extension portion 11 extending leftward and an extension portion 12 extending rightward in a substantially arc shape are formed in the lower portion. A left lower mounting seat 11a, a right lower mounting seat 12a, and a central lower mounting seat 13a are formed at the distal end portion of the extension portion 12 and the lower portion 13 of the central portion, respectively. The counterweight 1 is attached to the frame 5 (two-dot chain line) by the bolt 14, the bolt 15 and the bolt 16 at the lower mounting seat 11a, the lower mounting seat 12a and the lower mounting seat 13a provided at positions separated from each other in a substantially arc shape. Can be firmly fixed to the frame 5. Thereby, when the vehicle falls, the force applied to the counterweight 1 and the ROPS canopy 2 attached to the upper surface of the counterweight 1 can be sufficiently received.
Further, the canopy 2 has a plurality of bolts 28 in the plurality of bolt holes 17 drilled in the upper surface 16 of the counterweight 1 shown in FIG. 4 and the bolt holes 23A of the lower mounting bracket 23 of the canopy 2 shown in FIG. The counterweight 1 is attached to the upper surface of the counterweight 1 by being inserted and tightened with a nut (not shown). Since the lower mounting bracket 23 is made of cast metal, the mounting portion 24a and the mounting portion 24b of the left column 21a and the right column 21b that support the roof 22 are formed into smooth shapes that reduce stress concentration. Thus, the strength can be improved, and since the struts 21a and 21b use straight and thick pipes, the canopy 2 can sufficiently secure the prescribed strength required for the ROPS canopy.
As shown in FIG. 7, the lower mounting bracket 23 is configured to extend toward the center of the vehicle body, and is attached by fitting the lower portions of the columns 21 a and 21 b, and has two columns 21 a and columns. 21 b are connected to each other via a lower mounting bracket 23.
The lower mounting bracket 23 for mounting the canopy to the counterweight 1 is configured to extend to the center side, so that the canopy 2 is mounted on the center side of the vehicle body, and the mounting space for the canopy 2 protrudes outward. It has become a compact body without having to.
In addition, since the two columns 21a and 21b in the canopy 2 are connected to each other at the lower part via the lower mounting bracket 23, the canopy 2 forms a rectangular-like solid structure, and the two columns 21a and 21b are Compared to the structure separated at the lower part, it has higher strength against the lateral load applied from the side of the canopy 2.
In the present embodiment, the lower portions of the two columns 21a and 21b in the canopy 2 are connected via the lower mounting bracket 23, but may be separated without being connected.
Furthermore, although the case where the lower mounting bracket 23 is made of casting has been illustrated, it can also be made of forging. In this case, the forging line flows along the surface, so that the product strength is higher than that of casting. Has an effect.
As described above, the roof 22 of the canopy 2 is supported by the two columns 21a and 21b. As shown in FIG. 2, the distance dimension 21l between the two columns 21a and 21b is the width dimension of the operation sheet Os. It is set wider than b.
In this way, since the distance dimension 21l between the support columns 21a and 21b is wider than the width dimension b of the operation sheet Os, even when a lateral load is applied to the side portion of the canopy 2, it is positioned on the opposite side of the load point. Since the distance to the supporting column (any one of the supporting columns 21a, 21b) is long, the length of the moment due to the load applied to the supporting column becomes long, and the column when the lateral load is applied The load due to the applied moment decreases.
Accordingly, by setting the distance dimension 21l between the support columns 21a and 21b to be wider than the width dimension b of the operation sheet Os, the fluffing force of the canopy 2 with respect to the lateral load increases, and the load bearing strength of the canopy 2 increases.
Moreover, the support | pillars 21a and 21b of the canopy 2 are arrange | positioned in the back area | region in the side of the operation sheet | seat Os, as shown in FIG. 1, FIG.

In this way, the columns 21a and 21b are located in the rear region on the side of the operation sheet Os, and the inter-column dimension 21l is wider than the width dimension b of the operation sheet Os. It is widely released and there is nothing blocking the operator's rear view, and the rear view is good.
Note that the support columns 21a and 21b may be disposed on the side of the operation sheet Os and in the right lateral region.
In this case as well, the field of view immediately behind the worker is released widely, and there is nothing blocking the worker's rear field of view, and the rear field of view is good.
Here, in order to determine the optimum positions of the support columns 21a and 21b of the canopy 2, the vehicle body can be turned slightly backward, that is, the rear portion of the vehicle body does not protrude outward from the footwear r when the work device 9 is turned. In addition, it is a condition that the operation sheet Os is disposed further rearward in order to widen the operator's operation space.
In addition, in order to be a better product, it is required that the strength of the canopy 2 is improved and the visibility of the worker is good.
The arrangement of the columns 21a and 21b described above provides the optimal two column positions that satisfy such a condition.
Further, as shown in FIG. 3, an inspection hole 18 is provided in the central portion of the counterweight 1. This facilitates operations such as checking the oil level of the engine 36 disposed in the engine room in front of the counterweight 1 and replacing the filter.
Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the canopy 2 may be placed on the counterweight 1 via the spacer 3. That is, as shown in the partial cross-sectional view of FIG. 6, the spacer 3 is provided with a tap hole 31 for attaching a canopy and a tap hole 32 for attaching to a counterweight, and the spacer 3 is canopy by a plurality of bolts 33. 2 and the spacer 3 is attached to the counterweight 1 with a plurality of bolts 34. For this reason, the width of the contact portion with the lower mounting bracket 23 of the canopy 2 can be increased by increasing the width of the spacer 3 without increasing the width of the canopy mounting seat 16 on the upper surface of the counterweight 1. It is possible to ensure sufficient strength, and it is not necessary to increase the width of the canopy mounting seat 16 on the upper surface of the counterweight, so that the space 35 in the engine room is not reduced.
As shown in FIG. 5, left and right end portions of the spacer 3 are provided with a left side mounting portion 3a and a right side mounting portion 3b of the floor 4, which will be described later.
And as shown in FIG. 8, it is the structure which attaches the floor 4 provided with operation sheet | seat Os etc. to the attaching parts 3a and 3b of this spacer 3 with the volt | bolt bf.
With this configuration, as shown in FIG. 8 showing the state where the floor 4 is tilted by removing the bolt 34 screwed into the mounting tap hole 32 for attaching the spacer 3 to the counterweight 1 in FIG. Tilt can be performed while being fixed integrally with the canopy 2 around the hinge pin 41 of the tilt hinge provided at the front end. As a result, the space above the engine 36 is widely opened, so that the inspection and maintenance work becomes very easy.
Further, since the counter weight 1 and the canopy 2 are connected via the spacer 3, when the cabin (not shown) is attached instead of the canopy 2, the spacer 3 is removed and the cabin is attached to the floor 4. It is possible to respond flexibly in terms of configuration, and the degree of freedom in configuration is high.

  As described above, the present invention is suitable for a work vehicle having a ROPS canopy that has a simple structure and can be manufactured at a reduced cost, has improved maintainability, and has a good worker's rear view.

It is a side view which shows an example of the work vehicle concerning this invention. FIG. 2 is a front view of the work vehicle shown in FIG. 1. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of a counterweight and a canopy. It is a perspective view of a counterweight. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of a counterweight, a spacer, and a canopy. It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the attaching part which mounts a canopy on a counterweight via a spacer. It is a perspective view of a canopy. It is a figure which shows the state which the floor tilted. It is a side view which shows an example of the working vehicle which has a canopy. It is an exploded view which shows the structure of the conventional ROPS canopy, a counterweight, and a frame. It is a side view which shows an example of the conventional work vehicle.

Explanation of symbols

1. . . Counter weight,
2. . . Canopy,
3. . . Spacer,
4). . . floor,
5. . . flame,
11a, 12a, 13a. . . Lower mounting seat,
18. . . Inspection hole,
21a, 21b. . . Props,
21l. . . Spacing spacing dimension,
22. . . Roof (roof),
23. . . Lower mounting bracket (lower mounting member),
36. . . engine,
b. . . The width of the operation sheet,
Os. . . Op sheet.

Claims (8)

In a work vehicle having at least a counterweight and a canopy having two columns,
A floor of a floor that is attached to the counterweight directly on the upper surface of the counterweight, and on which two props of the canopy are installed on the spacer , and the left and right ends of the spacer are tilted Forming the mounting part,
In addition, the work vehicle includes an operation seat on which the operator is seated on the floor, and the two struts in the canopy have a larger distance than the width of the operation seat, and are lateral to the side of the operation seat. A work vehicle located in a region or a rear region. The work vehicle according to claim 1, wherein an inspection hole is provided in a central portion of the counterweight. 2. The work vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the spacer has a tap hole for attaching the canopy and a tap hole for attaching to the counterweight. 3. The work vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein an engine is disposed below the operation seat. 2. The operation according to claim 1, wherein the canopy includes a lower mounting member for attaching the canopy to the spacer. vehicle. 2. The work vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the canopy includes a lower mounting member for connecting the two struts to each other at a lower portion and attaching the canopy to the spacer. The work vehicle according to claim 5 or 6 , wherein the lower mounting member in the canopy is made of cast or forged. An operator seat on which an operator sits, a counterweight, and a roof portion are supported by two left and right columns, and a canopy having a lower mounting member at the bottom of the two columns, the two left and right sides of the canopy The struts of the canopy have a spacing dimension wider than the width dimension of the operation sheet, and are located on a side or a lateral area of the operation sheet in a lateral region or a rear region, and the counterweight and a lower mounting member of the canopy A spacer disposed between the counterweights, which is a single plate directly attached to the upper surface of the counterweight , and at the left and right ends, the floor mounting portion of the floor that includes the operation sheet and tilts is formed. With a spacer,
A work vehicle characterized in that the spacer and the lower mounting member of the canopy are fastened by bolts, and the spacer and the counterweight are fastened by bolts.

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