JP4325129B2 - Preservative - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP4325129B2
JP4325129B2 JP2001184171A JP2001184171A JP4325129B2 JP 4325129 B2 JP4325129 B2 JP 4325129B2 JP 2001184171 A JP2001184171 A JP 2001184171A JP 2001184171 A JP2001184171 A JP 2001184171A JP 4325129 B2 JP4325129 B2 JP 4325129B2
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Prior art keywords
preservative
present
acid
antiseptic effect
examples
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JP2002080314A (en
Inventor
健司 森島
徳久 畑野
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Santen Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
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Santen Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、水に配合される防腐剤であって、所定量のホウ、エチレンジアミン四酢酸またはその塩、ポリビニルピロリドン、および、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロースの組み合わせからなる、点眼液用またはコンタクトレンズ用溶液用の防腐剤に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来より、点眼液やコンタクトレンズ用溶液の防腐剤として、塩化ベンザルコニウム、塩化ベンゼトニウム、ソルビン酸等が用いられている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、塩化ベンザルコニウムや塩化ベンゼトニウムは、防腐効果は高いものの濃度によっては角膜障害を引き起こす可能性もあり、使用濃度に制約がある。さらに、これらはコンタクトレンズやプラスチック容器に吸着しやすい性質もある。
【0004】
また、コンタクトレンズ用の点眼液の防腐剤として汎用されているソルビン酸は、副作用が少なくコンタクトレンズやプラスチック容器への吸着も少ないものの防腐効果が弱いという問題がある。
【0005】
一方、防腐剤として点眼液等の医薬品に使用できる成分には限りがある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
そこで本発明者らは点眼液等の水性製剤に既に使用されている成分を組み合わせて防腐効果を発揮させるべく鋭意研究を行った。点眼液においてホウ酸および/またはホウ砂は緩衝剤として、また、エチレンジアミン四酢酸またはその塩は安定化剤としてそれぞれ広く用いられており、これらの化合物は弱いながらも防腐作用を持ち合わせていることに着目し、その防腐効果を高める研究を行った。その結果、(A)ホウ酸および/またはホウ砂、および(B)エチレンジアミン四酢酸に、増粘剤として汎用されている(C)ポリビニルピロリドンを添加すれば顕著に防腐効果が高められることを見いだし、本発明を完成するに至った。また、この組み合わせに、やはり増粘剤として汎用されているセルロース系高分子を添加すれば防腐効果がさらに増強されることも併せて見いだした。
すなわち、本発明は、所定量のホウ酸および/またはホウ砂、エチレンジアミン四酢酸またはその塩、ポリビニルピロリドンおよびヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロースの組み合わせからなる防腐剤を配合した水性液剤に関する。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明で用いる防腐剤は、四つの必須成分から構成され、その第一の成分は、ホウ酸および/またはホウ砂である。ホウ酸および/またはホウ砂の範囲は1.39〜1.5重量%である。上記第一成分の配合量が少なすぎると十分な防腐効果が得られず、多すぎると眼に対する安全性の点から好ましくない。
【0008】
第二の成分は、エチレンジアミン四酢酸またはその塩であり、塩としては四ナトリウム塩、二ナトリウム塩(エデト酸ナトリウム)が好適に使用できる。エチレンジアミン四酢酸またはその塩の添加量は0.1重量%である。上記第二成分の配合量が少なすぎると十分な安定性および防腐効果が得られず、多すぎると眼に対する安全性の点から好ましくない。
【0009】
第三の成分は、ポリビニルピロリドン(PVP)であり、例えば「PVP K-25」(平均分子量 25,000)、「PVP K-30」(平均分子量 40,000)、「PVP K-90」(平均分子量 360,000)などを使用できる。PVPの添加量は0.1重量%である。上記第三成分の配合量が少なすぎると十分な防腐効果が得られず、多すぎると不快な粘つき感を伴い好ましくない。
【0010】
本発明では、上記第一〜三の成分に加えて、第四成分としてヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロースを添加すると防腐効果がさらに増強される。ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロースの添加量の範囲は0.2〜0.3重量%である。
【0011】
本発明で用いる防腐剤は、人体に対する安全性も高く、コンタクトレンズやプラスチック用容器への吸着も少ないので、点眼液、コンタクトレンズ用溶液等の医薬用の水性液剤に好適に用いられる。これらの水性液剤を調製するには、上記の成分以外に、他の添加成分として、等張化剤、pH調節剤、可溶化剤、保存剤等を適宜配合することができる。
【0012】
この水性液剤を応用することができる薬物としては、特に制限されないが、例えば各種のビタミン類(ビタミンB2、ビタミンB6、ビタミンB12、ビタミンE、パンテノール等)、充血除去剤(塩酸テトラヒドロゾリン、塩酸ナファゾリン等)、抗炎症剤(グリチルリチン酸二カリウム、イプシロン-アミノカプロン酸等)、抗ヒスタミン剤(マレイン酸クロルフェニラミン、塩酸ジフェンヒドラミン等)、抗アレルギー剤(クロモグリク酸ナトリウム等)、抗菌剤(スルファメトキサゾール等)、 アミノ酸類(L−アスパラギン酸カリウム、アミノエチルスルホン酸、コンドロイチン硫酸ナトリウム等)、ヒアルロン酸ナトリウム、メチル硫酸ネオスチグミン等を挙げることができる。
【0013】
等張化剤としては、例えばグリセリン、プロピレングリコール、塩化ナトリウム、塩化カリウム、ソルビトール、マンニトール等を挙げることができる。
【0014】
pH調節剤としては、例えば塩酸、クエン酸、リン酸、酢酸、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸水素ナトリウム等を挙げることができる。
【0015】
可溶化剤としては、例えばポリソルベート80、ポリエキシエチレン硬化ヒマシ油60、マクロゴール4000等を挙げることができる。
【0016】
本発明で用いる防腐剤は、汎用されているソルビン酸、ソルビン酸カリウム、塩化ベンザルコニウム、塩化ベンゼトニウム、パラオキシ安息香酸メチル、パラオキシ安息香酸プロピル、クロロブタノール等の防腐剤と併用することができる。この場合、本発明で用いる防腐剤は汎用防腐剤の防腐効果を補完することができるので、汎用防腐剤の使用量を大幅に減少できる効果も有する。
【0017】
本発明の液剤を点眼液として使用する場合は、pHは7.0付近に調節することが望ましく、浸透圧比は1.0付近に調節することが望ましい。
【0018】
以下に、実施例を挙げて本発明を詳しく説明するが、これは本発明の範囲を限定するものではない。
【0019】
【実施例】
本発明の水性液剤の防腐効果を調べるため、以下に従い保存効力試験を行った。
(保存効力試験)
常法により蒸留水に表1の実施例1〜4および比較例1〜3に示す配合成分を加えて液剤を調製した。また、各液剤には等張化剤として塩化ナトリウムを添加し、浸透圧を1.0に調整し、さらに、必要に応じて水酸化ナトリウムを加えてpHを7.0に調節した。保存効力試験は、第十三改正日本薬局方の保存効力試験法に準拠して行った。本試験では、試験菌として、Staphyrococcus aureus(S.aureus)を用いて、下記の計算式に従い菌の生存率を算出した。得られた値を表1に示す。
【0020】
(保存効力試験)
常法により蒸留水に表1の実施例1〜4および比較例1〜3に示す配合成分を加えて液剤を調製した。また、各液剤には等張化剤として塩化ナトリウムを添加し、浸透圧を1.0に調整し、さらに、必要に応じて水酸化ナトリウムを加えてpHを7.0に調節した。保存効力試験は、第十三改正日本薬局方の保存効力試験法に準拠して行った。本試験では、試験菌として、Staphyrococcus aureus(S.aureus)を用いて、下記の計算式に従い菌の生存率を算出した。得られた値を表1に示す。
【0021】
生存率(%)=2週間後の菌数/初期菌数×100
【0022】
【表1】

Figure 0004325129
【0023】
【0024】
【発明の効果】
表1から明らかなように、実施例1および2(いずれも本発明に対応しない参考例)では、比較例1〜3に比べて、防腐効果が顕著に向上している。更にHPMCを加えた実施例3および4(いずれも本発明に対応する実施例)では実施例1および2よりも防腐効果が向上している。このように、(A)ホウ酸および/またはホウ砂、(B)エチレンジアミン四酢酸またはその塩に加えて、(C)ポリビニルピロリドンを配合する水性液剤は、各成分が相乗的に作用してその防腐力を高めるものである。さらにこれら三成分に(D)ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロースを配合してなる本発明の水性液剤は、防腐効果を一層高めることができる。従って、本発明で用いる防腐剤は、緩衝剤、安定剤、増粘剤として汎用されている化合物を組み合わせて、液剤の防腐効果を高めるものであるので、人体に対する安全性も高く、医薬用途に適する。また本発明で用いる防腐剤は、汎用されている塩化ベンザルコニウム、ソルビン酸等の防腐剤と併用することもでき、その場合汎用防腐剤の添加量を減らすことができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is an antiseptic compounded in water, which is a combination of a predetermined amount of boric acid , ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or a salt thereof, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose , for an ophthalmic solution or a contact lens solution Relating to preservatives.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, benzalkonium chloride, benzethonium chloride, sorbic acid, and the like have been used as preservatives for ophthalmic solutions and contact lens solutions.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, although benzalkonium chloride and benzethonium chloride have a high antiseptic effect, they may cause corneal damage depending on the concentration, and the use concentration is limited. Furthermore, they have the property of easily adsorbing to contact lenses and plastic containers.
[0004]
In addition, sorbic acid, which is widely used as a preservative for ophthalmic solutions for contact lenses, has a problem that its antiseptic effect is weak although it has few side effects and little adsorption to contact lenses and plastic containers.
[0005]
On the other hand, there are limits to the components that can be used as preservatives in pharmaceuticals such as eye drops.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, the present inventors have conducted intensive studies to combine the components already used in aqueous preparations such as eye drops and to exert an antiseptic effect. In ophthalmic solutions, boric acid and / or borax are widely used as buffering agents, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or its salts are widely used as stabilizers. We paid attention and conducted research to increase the antiseptic effect. As a result, it has been found that the antiseptic effect can be remarkably enhanced by adding (C) polyvinylpyrrolidone, which is widely used as a thickener, to (A) boric acid and / or borax and (B) ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. The present invention has been completed. It was also found that the antiseptic effect was further enhanced by adding a cellulose polymer, which is also widely used as a thickener, to this combination.
That is, the present invention relates to an aqueous liquid preparation containing a predetermined amount of boric acid and / or borax, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or a salt thereof, a preservative comprising a combination of polyvinylpyrrolidone and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The preservative used in the present invention is composed of four essential components, and the first component is boric acid and / or borax. The range of boric acid and / or borax is 1.39 to 1.5 % by weight. If the amount of the first component is too small, a sufficient antiseptic effect cannot be obtained, and if too large, it is not preferable from the viewpoint of safety to the eyes.
[0008]
The second component is ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or a salt thereof, and a tetrasodium salt or a disodium salt (sodium edetate) can be suitably used as the salt. The addition amount of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or a salt thereof is 0.1% by weight . If the amount of the second component is too small, sufficient stability and antiseptic effect cannot be obtained, and if too large, it is not preferable from the viewpoint of safety to the eyes.
[0009]
The third component is polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), for example, “PVP K-25” (average molecular weight 25,000), “PVP K-30” (average molecular weight 40,000), “PVP K-90” ( Average molecular weight 360,000) can be used. The amount of PVP added is 0.1% by weight . If the amount of the third component is too small, a sufficient antiseptic effect cannot be obtained, and if too large, an unpleasant sticky feeling is not preferable.
[0010]
In the present invention, the addition of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose as the fourth component in addition to the first to third components further enhances the antiseptic effect. The range of the addition amount of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose is 0.2 to 0.3% by weight .
[0011]
Since the preservative used in the present invention has high safety to the human body and little adsorption to contact lenses and plastic containers, it is suitably used for pharmaceutical aqueous solutions such as eye drops and contact lens solutions. In order to prepare these aqueous liquid preparations, in addition to the above-mentioned components, tonicity agents, pH regulators, solubilizers, preservatives and the like can be appropriately blended as other additional components.
[0012]
Drugs to which this aqueous solution can be applied are not particularly limited. For example, various vitamins (vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin E, panthenol, etc.), decongestants (tetrahydrozoline hydrochloride, naphazoline hydrochloride) Etc.), anti-inflammatory agents (dipotassium glycyrrhizinate, epsilon-aminocaproic acid, etc.), antihistamines (chlorpheniramine maleate, diphenhydramine hydrochloride, etc.), antiallergic agents (sodium cromoglycate, etc.), antibacterial agents (sulfamethoxazole) Etc.), amino acids (potassium L-aspartate, aminoethylsulfonic acid, sodium chondroitin sulfate, etc.), sodium hyaluronate, neostigmine methyl sulfate and the like.
[0013]
Examples of isotonic agents include glycerin, propylene glycol, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sorbitol, mannitol and the like.
[0014]
Examples of the pH regulator include hydrochloric acid, citric acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate and the like.
[0015]
Examples of the solubilizer include polysorbate 80, polyethylene ethylene hardened castor oil 60, macrogol 4000, and the like.
[0016]
The preservative used in the present invention can be used in combination with commonly used preservatives such as sorbic acid, potassium sorbate, benzalkonium chloride, benzethonium chloride, methyl paraoxybenzoate, propyl paraoxybenzoate, and chlorobutanol. In this case, since the preservative used in the present invention can complement the preservative effect of the general-purpose preservative, the amount of the general-purpose preservative used can be greatly reduced.
[0017]
When the liquid preparation of the present invention is used as an ophthalmic solution, the pH is preferably adjusted to around 7.0, and the osmotic pressure ratio is preferably adjusted to around 1.0.
[0018]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by way of examples, but this does not limit the scope of the present invention.
[0019]
【Example】
In order to examine the antiseptic effect of the aqueous liquid preparation of the present invention, a storage efficacy test was conducted according to the following.
(Preservation efficacy test)
The liquid formulation was prepared by adding the compounding components shown in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 in Table 1 to distilled water by a conventional method. In addition, sodium chloride was added as an isotonic agent to each solution, the osmotic pressure was adjusted to 1.0, and sodium hydroxide was added as necessary to adjust the pH to 7.0. The preservation efficacy test was conducted in accordance with the preservation efficacy test method of the 13th revision Japanese Pharmacopoeia. In this test, Staphyrococcus aureus (S. aureus) was used as a test bacterium, and the survival rate of the bacterium was calculated according to the following formula. The obtained values are shown in Table 1.
[0020]
(Preservation efficacy test)
The liquid formulation was prepared by adding the compounding components shown in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 in Table 1 to distilled water by a conventional method. In addition, sodium chloride was added as an isotonic agent to each solution, the osmotic pressure was adjusted to 1.0, and sodium hydroxide was added as necessary to adjust the pH to 7.0. The preservation efficacy test was conducted in accordance with the preservation efficacy test method of the 13th revision Japanese Pharmacopoeia. In this test, Staphyrococcus aureus (S. aureus) was used as a test bacterium, and the survival rate of the bacterium was calculated according to the following formula. The obtained values are shown in Table 1.
[0021]
Survival rate (%) = number of bacteria after 2 weeks / initial number of bacteria × 100
[0022]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004325129
[0023]
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
As is evident from Table 1, the actual Example 1 and 2 (reference example does not correspond to any of the present invention), as compared with Comparative Examples 1 to 3, antiseptic effect is significantly improved. Furthermore, in Examples 3 and 4 to which HPMC was added (both examples corresponding to the present invention) , the antiseptic effect was improved as compared with Examples 1 and 2. Thus, (A) boric acid and / or borax, in addition to (B) ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or a salt thereof, an aqueous solution agent of blending (C) polyvinyl pyrrolidone, the components act synergistically It increases its antiseptic power. Furthermore, the aqueous liquid preparation of the present invention obtained by blending (D) hydroxypropylmethylcellulose with these three components can further enhance the antiseptic effect. Therefore, the preservative used in the present invention is a combination of compounds commonly used as buffers, stabilizers, and thickeners to enhance the antiseptic effect of the liquid agent. Suitable. Further, the preservative used in the present invention can be used in combination with preservatives such as benzalkonium chloride and sorbic acid which are widely used. In this case, the amount of the general preservative added can be reduced.

Claims (1)

水に配合される防腐剤であって、水中の割合で、(A)1.39〜1.5重量%のホウ酸、(B)0.1重量%のエチレンジアミン四酢酸またはその塩、(C)0.1重量%のポリビニルピロリドン、および、(D)0.2〜0.3重量%のヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロースの組み合わせからなる、点眼液用またはコンタクトレンズ用溶液用の防腐剤 A preservative blended in water, in a proportion in water: (A) 1.39-1.5 wt% boric acid, (B) 0.1 wt% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or salt thereof, (C A preservative for eye drops or contact lens solution, comprising a combination of 0.1 % by weight of polyvinylpyrrolidone and (D) 0.2 to 0.3 % by weight of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose.
JP2001184171A 2000-06-19 2001-06-19 Preservative Expired - Lifetime JP4325129B2 (en)

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JP4718160B2 (en) * 2003-11-12 2011-07-06 ロート製薬株式会社 Ophthalmic composition
KR100644452B1 (en) 2004-07-20 2006-11-10 서인범 Preservative for body fluid
JP4632810B2 (en) * 2005-02-23 2011-02-16 株式会社フクヨー Cleaning sheet
JP5383281B2 (en) * 2009-03-30 2014-01-08 花王株式会社 Agrochemical-containing composition
JP5478680B2 (en) * 2012-08-23 2014-04-23 小林製薬株式会社 Stabilizer for composition containing water-soluble polymer thickener
KR20180016469A (en) * 2015-06-10 2018-02-14 산텐 세이야꾸 가부시키가이샤 Eye drops, and eye drops preservative efficacy methods
TW201945011A (en) * 2018-03-13 2019-12-01 日商參天製藥股份有限公司 Eyedrop-type eyewash composition
JP7303792B2 (en) * 2018-03-13 2023-07-05 参天製薬株式会社 Pollen burst suppressing composition
WO2023195543A1 (en) * 2022-04-08 2023-10-12 東亜薬品株式会社 Ophthalmic aqueous composition and method for imparting antiseptic effect

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