JP4324057B2 - Slope treatment method - Google Patents

Slope treatment method Download PDF

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JP4324057B2
JP4324057B2 JP2004249916A JP2004249916A JP4324057B2 JP 4324057 B2 JP4324057 B2 JP 4324057B2 JP 2004249916 A JP2004249916 A JP 2004249916A JP 2004249916 A JP2004249916 A JP 2004249916A JP 4324057 B2 JP4324057 B2 JP 4324057B2
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slope
pressure receiving
receiving plate
treatment method
cement
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雅志 佐々木
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Description

本発明は、山の斜面に道路を建設する場合等に行われる法面処理の技術に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a slope treatment technique performed when a road is constructed on a mountain slope.

山の斜面に道路を建設したり、土砂崩れを起こした斜面に保護壁を設けたりする場合、一旦斜面を切り開いて表れた法面について仮設の保護壁を設け、最終的な保護壁が建設されるまでの間に法面が崩れることを防止する必要がある。そこで、法面処理の方法として、従来は法面にセメント類を吹き付けて強化することが行われていた。その後、例えば、セメント類を吹き付けて強化した法面前面にコンクリート等により保護壁を築いたり、法面前面に土を盛りさらにその盛土の上にネットやコンクリートを敷設して保護壁を完成させる。 When a road is constructed on a mountain slope or a protective wall is provided on a slope where a landslide has occurred, a temporary protective wall is provided for the slope that appears once the slope is opened, and a final protective wall is constructed. It is necessary to prevent the slope from collapsing. Therefore, as a method of slope treatment, conventionally, the slope has been reinforced by spraying cement. After that, for example, a protective wall is constructed with concrete or the like on the front face of the slope strengthened by spraying cement, or soil is piled on the front face of the slope and a net or concrete is laid on the embankment to complete the protective wall.

この場合、セメントの吹き付けによってできた層は壁面の内部に閉じ込められる。そこで、このセメント層によって地中の水の移動が遮断されないように、特許文献１などには透水コンクリートを吹き付けることが記載されている。
特開２００４−１００４０３公報 In this case, the layer formed by the spraying of cement is confined inside the wall surface. Therefore, Patent Document 1 and the like describe spraying permeable concrete so that the movement of water in the ground is not blocked by the cement layer.
JP 2004-100403 A

従来の技術においては多くの場合、法面へのセメントの吹き付けによって形成されたセメント層が最終的には斜面の内部に取り残される。このセメント層によって地中から斜面外部への水の自然な沁み出しが遮断される。しだがって、この層に強い土圧が発生する。また、セメント層に沿った水路が形成されることもあり、セメント層に沿った地滑りが発生しやすくなるという問題がある。 In the prior art, in many cases, a cement layer formed by spraying cement on a slope is finally left inside the slope. This cement layer blocks the natural oozing of water from the ground to the outside of the slope. However, strong earth pressure is generated in this layer. Moreover, a water channel along the cement layer may be formed, and there is a problem that landslide along the cement layer is likely to occur.

そこで、特許文献１に記載の発明のように、透水性を有するセメント層を形成するように吹き付け処理を行うことが考えられる。しかし、完全に内部の土砂と同じ透水性を実現することは困難である。また、セメントの吹き付けを行うためには、吹き付けのための設備を斜面に持ち込まなければならない。そのために、施工のための設備が大規模化し、操作するための人員も増える。また、吹き付けを行う前の不安定な斜面に持ち込む設備はなるべく少ないことが好ましい。 Then, like the invention of patent document 1, it is possible to perform a spraying process so that the cement layer which has water permeability may be formed. However, it is difficult to achieve the same water permeability as the inner soil. In order to spray cement, equipment for spraying must be brought into the slope. For this reason, the construction equipment becomes larger and the number of personnel for operation increases. Moreover, it is preferable that the equipment brought into the unstable slope before spraying is as small as possible.

この発明は、セメント吹き付けを必要とせず、斜面内部に水の移動を遮断する層を残すことがなく、簡易な設備でしかも資材を有効に再利用しながら施工できる法面処理工法を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention provides a slope treatment method that does not require cement spraying, does not leave a layer that blocks the movement of water inside the slope, and that can be constructed with simple equipment and effectively reusing materials. With the goal.

上記の目的を解決するために、この発明の法面処理工法は、斜面を所定の高さ（法長）ずつ切り出して表れた法面の全体に受圧板を設置して法面を補強する工程を上部より段階的に繰り返して行って法面全体に受圧板を設置し、その法面の下部より所定の高さずつ設置された受圧板を撤去し、受圧板が撤去された法面前面に保護壁を築いていくことを段階的に繰り返すことを特徴とするものである。前記受圧板を法面に対して打ち込こまれセメントで固定されたボルトに取り付けることによって、受圧板を法面に設置するようにすることができる。
In order to solve the above-mentioned object, the slope treatment method of the present invention is a step of reinforcing the slope by installing a pressure receiving plate on the entire slope face that is cut out by a predetermined height (slope length). Repeat stepwise from the top to install a pressure plate on the entire slope, remove the pressure plate installed at a predetermined height from the bottom of the slope, and place it on the front of the slope where the pressure plate has been removed. It is characterized by repeatedly building the protective wall in stages . The pressure receiving plate can be installed on the slope by attaching the pressure receiving plate to a bolt which is driven into the slope and fixed with cement.

この発明の法面処理工法は、セメント層を斜面の内部に残さないので、地滑りが発生しにくく安定した保護壁を建設することができるという効果を有する。セメント吹き付けのための設備を必要としないので、簡易な設備で施工できる。また、資材を再利用できるという効果も有する。 The slope treatment method of the present invention does not leave the cement layer inside the slope, and therefore has an effect that a stable protective wall can be constructed which is less likely to cause landslide. Since no equipment for spraying cement is required, construction can be done with simple equipment. In addition, the material can be reused.

この発明を実施するための最良の形態について図面に基づいて説明する。図１は、この発明の法面処理工法の概要を示す説明図である。この法面処理工法は斜面に保護壁を仮設する必要がある場合に適用される。たとえば、山の斜面に道路を建設したり、その他の建造物を設ける場合、あるいはダムの側壁を建設する場合など、広く適用できる。ここでは、斜面に道路を建設する場合の形態を例に説明する。 The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an outline of a slope treatment method according to the present invention. This slope treatment method is applied when it is necessary to temporarily install a protective wall on the slope. For example, the present invention can be widely applied when a road is constructed on a slope of a mountain, other structures are provided, or a side wall of a dam is constructed. Here, a case where a road is constructed on a slope will be described as an example.

道路の上部側の側壁となる斜面１において、図１（ａ）に示すように上部から斜面１の土砂を切り出していく。ここで、法面２が崩れないように、斜面に沿って所定の高さ（法長）まで切り出したら、法面の強化を行う。 On the slope 1 which is the side wall on the upper side of the road, as shown in FIG. Here, if the slope 2 is cut out to a predetermined height (slope length) along the slope so that the slope 2 does not collapse, the slope is strengthened.

斜面１の切り出しによって所定の幅の法面２が現れるが、この現れた法面上に受圧板３を取り付けていく。図２は受圧板３の例を示す平面図である。受圧板３は、法面の土砂の圧力を受けることができる強度を有するもので、その形状、面積は、施工場所の土質や傾斜などにあわせて適宜選択すればよい。ここでは、図２（ａ）のように正方形の格子状の板を使用している。これ以外にも、図２（ｂ）のように多数の円孔を有するものや、図２（ｃ）のように多角形状の鋼板をＨ鋼などで補強したものなどが使用でき、素材も、鋼板・木板・プラスティックなどさまざまなものを使用できる。 The slope 2 having a predetermined width appears by cutting the slope 1, and the pressure receiving plate 3 is attached on the slope. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an example of the pressure receiving plate 3. The pressure receiving plate 3 has a strength capable of receiving the pressure of the sloped earth and sand, and the shape and area thereof may be appropriately selected in accordance with the soil quality and inclination of the construction site. Here, a square lattice-like plate is used as shown in FIG. In addition to this, a material having a large number of circular holes as shown in FIG. 2 (b) or a material obtained by reinforcing a polygonal steel plate with H steel as shown in FIG. 2 (c) can be used. Various materials such as steel plate, wood board, and plastic can be used.

図３は、受圧板３の取り付け方法を示す断面図である。まず、地中にボルト５を打ち込み、このボルトの周囲にセメントミルクを注入して、アンカーを形成する。ここで、ボルトの上部は法面外部に表れるようにする。受圧板３の中心部には穴４が設けられており、この穴４をボルト５にはめ込み、押さえ板６をあててさらにその上からナット７でしめることによって、受圧板３をボルト５に取り付ける。このようにして、１枚の受圧板３が法面２上に取り付けられる。この作業を繰り返して、表れた法面全体に受圧板３を取り付ける。斜面の土質や傾斜などの諸条件を考慮しながら、法面が安定に保護されるように受圧板３の間隔を設定しながら取りつけていく。 FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a method for attaching the pressure receiving plate 3. First, a bolt 5 is driven into the ground, and cement milk is injected around the bolt to form an anchor. Here, the upper part of the bolt should appear outside the slope. A hole 4 is provided at the center of the pressure receiving plate 3. The hole 4 is fitted into the bolt 5, and the pressure plate 6 is applied to the pressure receiving plate 3. . In this way, one pressure receiving plate 3 is attached on the slope 2. By repeating this operation, the pressure receiving plate 3 is attached to the entire slope. In consideration of various conditions such as soil quality and slope of the slope, it is installed while setting the interval between the pressure receiving plates 3 so that the slope is stably protected.

ついで、最初に切り出した法面の全体に受圧板３を取り付けて補強したら、さらにその下の斜面を所定の高さ（法長）幅だけ切り出す。最初の工程と同様に、法面が崩れない範囲内で土砂を切り出し、表れた法面２についても同様に受圧板３を取り付けて補強していく（図１（ｂ））。このように、法面を形成すべき斜面を所定の高さずつに分けて段階的に、土砂の切り出しと受圧板の取付けを繰り返していく。このようにして、斜面全体について、補強された法面を築くことができる（図１（ｃ））。 Then, after the pressure receiving plate 3 is attached to the whole of the first cut slope, the slope below it is cut out by a predetermined height (law length) width. Similarly to the first step, the earth and sand are cut out within a range in which the slope does not collapse, and the slope 2 that appears is attached and reinforced in the same manner (FIG. 1B). In this way, the slopes on which the slope is to be formed are divided into predetermined heights, and the earth and sand cutting and the pressure plate attachment are repeated step by step. In this way, a reinforced slope can be established for the entire slope (FIG. 1 (c)).

つぎに、この斜面上に保護壁を施工する手順について説明する。まず、法面２の下部より所定の高さの範囲において受圧板３を取り外していく。受圧板３は、ナット７によってアンカーであるボルト５に取り付けられているので、ナット７と押さえ板６を取り除くことによって容易に法面２から撤去することができる。この際も、受圧板３を撤去した後の法面が崩れることがないよう、所定の幅だけ撤去する。そして、受圧板３が撤去された法面前面にコンクリートおよびブロック等によって保護壁を築いたり、盛土によって保護壁を築く（図１（ｄ））。こうして、最下段の法面を保護する為に使用した受圧板３、押さえ板６、ナット７が回収される。 Next, a procedure for constructing a protective wall on the slope will be described. First, the pressure receiving plate 3 is removed from the lower part of the slope 2 within a predetermined height range. Since the pressure receiving plate 3 is attached to the bolt 5 as an anchor by the nut 7, the pressure receiving plate 3 can be easily removed from the slope 2 by removing the nut 7 and the pressing plate 6. At this time, a predetermined width is removed so that the slope after the pressure receiving plate 3 is removed does not collapse. Then, a protective wall is constructed with concrete and blocks or the like on the front face of the slope from which the pressure plate 3 has been removed, or a protective wall is constructed with embankment (FIG. 1 (d)). In this way, the pressure receiving plate 3, the pressing plate 6, and the nut 7 used for protecting the lowermost slope are recovered.

ついで、その上の段の法面の受圧板３を撤去し、同様に土盛りおよび保護壁の建設を行う。このように、受圧板３を撤去した法面が崩れることがないような所定幅に区切って、段階的に受圧板３を撤去していく。この作業を法面の最上部まで繰り返すことによって、全ての受圧板３を回収するとともに、斜面全体に保護壁を築くことができる（図１（ｅ））。 Next, the pressure receiving plate 3 on the slope of the step above is removed, and the embankment and the protective wall are similarly constructed. In this way, the pressure receiving plate 3 is removed stepwise by dividing it into a predetermined width so that the slope from which the pressure receiving plate 3 is removed does not collapse. By repeating this operation up to the top of the slope, all the pressure receiving plates 3 can be collected and a protective wall can be built on the entire slope (FIG. 1 (e)).

以上、保護壁が完成したときに、法面の補強に使用した資材の主要なものは回収され、別の工事のために再利用することができる。斜面の内部は一体に形成されて、水の浸透を妨げるような内層ができない。したがって、斜面は強固であり、崩壊しにくいものである。なお、ボルト５およびセメントでできたアンカーは保護壁の内部に残るが、これは斜面を強化するのに有用な作用をする。 As described above, when the protection wall is completed, the main materials used for the reinforcement of the slope are collected and can be reused for another construction. The inside of the slope is integrally formed, and there is no inner layer that prevents water penetration. Therefore, the slope is strong and difficult to collapse. Note that the bolt 5 and the anchor made of cement remain inside the protective wall, but this serves to strengthen the slope.

次に、この発明の法面処理工法の実施例について説明する。これは、山の斜面にコンクリート類による擁壁を建造する工事の場合の例である。斜面の土質は土砂から軟岩であり、傾斜角は６０〜６５°程度である。法面の横幅は５０ｍ程度、高さ（法長）は５．０ｍ程度である。 Next, examples of the slope treatment method according to the present invention will be described. This is an example in the case of construction for constructing a retaining wall made of concrete on the slope of a mountain. The soil texture of the slope is from earth and sand to soft rock, and the inclination angle is about 60 to 65 °. The width of the slope is about 50 m and the height (length) is about 5.0 m.

使用した受圧板は１ｍ×１ｍ程度の広さのもので、ポリエステルを素材とする格子状の板である。斜面に沿って、１．５ｍ程度の高さに分けて施工した。受圧板は１．０ｍ程度の間隔で法面に取り付けていった。ボルトは３．０ｍ程度地中に打ち込み、その周囲にセメントミルクを注入してアンカーを形成した。 The used pressure receiving plate has a size of about 1 m × 1 m, and is a lattice-like plate made of polyester. Along the slope, it was constructed with a height of about 1.5m. The pressure receiving plates were attached to the slope at intervals of about 1.0 m. The bolt was driven into the ground for about 3.0 m, and cement milk was poured around it to form an anchor.

また、受圧板の撤去は、１．０ｍ程度の高さ（法長）分ずつに分けて行った。 Moreover, the pressure plate was removed in steps of about 1.0 m in height (law length).

この発明は、山の斜面に道路や様々な建造物を設けるときなどの法面処理として、広く利用できるものである。資材を有効に再利用し、しかも簡易な設備で容易に実施できる法面処理工法として利用できるものである。 The present invention can be widely used as a slope treatment when a road or various structures are provided on a slope of a mountain. The material can be effectively reused and can be used as a slope treatment method that can be easily implemented with simple equipment.

この発明の法面処理工法の概要を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the outline | summary of the slope treatment method of this invention. 受圧板の例を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows the example of a pressure receiving plate. 受圧板の取り付け方法を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the attachment method of a receiving plate.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１．斜面
２．法面
３．受圧板
４．穴
５．ボルト
６．押さえ板
７．ナット
1. Slope 2. Slope 3. Pressure receiving plate 4. Hole 5. Bolt 6. Holding plate 7. nut

Claims (2)

斜面を所定の高さ（法長）ずつ切り出して表れた法面の全体に受圧板を設置して法面を補強する工程を上部より段階的に繰り返して行って法面全体に受圧板を設置し、その法面の下部より所定の高さずつ設置された受圧板を撤去し、受圧板が撤去された法面前面に保護壁を築いていくことを段階的に繰り返すことを特徴とする法面処理工法。 A pressure plate is installed on the entire slope that is cut out by the specified height (slope length) and the process of reinforcing the slope is repeated step by step from the top to install the pressure plate on the entire slope. And removing the pressure plate installed at a predetermined height from the lower part of the slope, and building a protective wall in front of the slope where the pressure plate was removed in stages. Surface treatment method. 前記受圧板を法面に対して打ち込こまれセメントで固定されたボルトに取り付けることによって、受圧板を法面に設置する請求項１に記載の法面処理工法。




The slope treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the pressure plate is installed on a slope by attaching the pressure plate to a bolt that is driven into the slope and fixed with cement.




JP2004249916A 2004-08-30 2004-08-30 Slope treatment method Expired - Lifetime JP4324057B2 (en)

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JP4954797B2 (en) * 2007-06-01 2012-06-20 黒沢建設株式会社 Pressure receiving structure
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