JP4318426B2 - Polyol polymer and meso-erythritol polymer - Google Patents

Polyol polymer and meso-erythritol polymer Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4318426B2
JP4318426B2 JP2002118819A JP2002118819A JP4318426B2 JP 4318426 B2 JP4318426 B2 JP 4318426B2 JP 2002118819 A JP2002118819 A JP 2002118819A JP 2002118819 A JP2002118819 A JP 2002118819A JP 4318426 B2 JP4318426 B2 JP 4318426B2
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Prior art keywords
erythritol
polymer
meso
polyol
reaction
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JP2003055452A (en
Inventor
革 李
丘士 大谷
宏海 藤田
仁 川上
宏邦 田嶋
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Rengo Co Ltd
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Rengo Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、ポリオール重合体に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】
多数の水酸基を有するポリオール重合体としては、ポリグリセリンが知られている。このポリグリセリンは、界面活性剤等の原料等として使用されている。
【0003】
しかし、得られる脂肪酸エステル等の界面活性剤では、用途に応じてHLB(親水性)が不十分となる場合があり、さらに親水性官能基の導入が必要となる。
また、スルホン酸基等の親水性官能基を有する界面活性剤は、肌への刺激が問題となる場合がある。
【0004】
そこで、この発明は、より水酸基の多いポリオール重合体を提供することを目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この発明は、メソ−エリスリトールを含むポリオールを構成モノマーとし、この構成モノマー2〜16分子を重合させた重合体を主成分とするポリオール重合体を用いることにより上記課題を解決したのである。
【0006】
メソ−エリスリトールは、グリセリンより水酸基が1つ多いので、得られるポリオール重合体は、ポリグリセリンに比べて親水性基が多くなり、界面活性剤の原料等に使用しても、得られる界面活性剤の親水性はより向上する。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、この発明の実施形態を説明する。
この発明にかかるポリオール重合体は、メソ−エリスリトールを含むポリオールを構成モノマーとし、この構成モノマー2〜16分子を重合させた重合体を主成分とするものである。
【0008】
上記ポリオールは、水酸基を2個以上有する化合物をいい、エチレングリコール、グリセリン、エリスリトール、スレイトール、リキシトール、リビトール、キシリトール、ソルビトール等があげられる。
【0009】
この中でも、エリスリトール、特にメソ−エリスリトールが主成分、すなわち、構成モノマーの50mol%以上がメソ−エリスリトールとするのがよい。これにより、得られるポリオール重合体は、水酸基をより多く含むことができる。特に、ポリオールとしてメソ−エリスリトールのみとすると、得られるポリオール重合体は、メソ−エリスリトール重合体となる。
【0010】
なお、原料のポリオールおよびメソ−エリスリトールは、合成または発酵後、除菌、脱色、脱塩、樹脂精製、又は/及び再結晶等により処理された高純度品はもとより、用途・目的によっては精製前の原料もそのまま使用できる。例えば、発酵後、除菌処理のみを行ったエリスリトールには数%の他のポリオールが含まれているが、これらを重合させるとエリスリトールユニット含量90〜99%のポリオール重合体となる。
【0011】
なお、以下において、「メソ−エリスリトール」を単に「エリスリトール」と記載する。
【0012】
上記重合体の主成分の重合度は、2〜16がよく、2〜14が好ましく、2〜8がより好ましく、3〜6がさらに好ましい。構成モノマーが1個では、重合体とならないからであり、一方、構成モノマーを17個以上とする高分子化は、反応条件を過酷にしなければならず、ゲル状物の副生及び着色が著しいため、容易ではないからである。
【0013】
この発明にかかるポリオール重合体は、次に示す方法で製造することができる。
すなわち、エリスリトールを含むポリオールを触媒存在下、所定の温度及び圧力下で重合させることにより製造できる。上記ポリオールは、反応温度では液状なので、無溶媒で反応させることができる。上記触媒としては塩基性化合物がよく、その中でも水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、水酸化カルシウム、炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸カリウム、酸化カルシウム、水素化ナトリウム等の塩基性を示すアルカリ金属化合物及びアルカリ土類金属化合物がより好ましく、塩基性のナトリウム化合物が更に好ましい。
【0014】
上記触媒の使用量は、重合原料となる上記エリスリトールを含むポリオール総重量の0.005〜10重量%がよく、反応速度及び経済的観点から0.05〜3重量%が好ましい。
【0015】
上記の反応温度は、使用する構成モノマーの種類によって選択される。構成モノマーとして、エリスリトールと他のポリオールの1種又は2種以上とを組み合わせて使用する場合は、200〜260℃がよい。また、構成モノマーとして、エリスリトールのみを使用する場合は、200〜250℃が好ましく、210〜240℃がより好ましい。
温度が高すぎると、着色、副生物の生成が著しく好ましくないからであり、一方、温度が低すぎると、重合反応が著しく遅くなるからである。
【0016】
さらに、反応圧力は、使用する構成モノマーの種類によって選択される。構成モノマーとして、エリスリトールと他のポリオールの1種又は2種以上とを組み合わせて使用する場合は、2〜760mmHgがよい。また、構成モノマーとして、エリスリトールのみを使用する場合は、10〜760mmHgがよい。また、重合速度を重要視して短時間で反応を終了させたい場合には、10〜400mmHgがよく、15〜60mmHgが好ましい。さらに、副生物の生成及びモノマーの気化を抑制し、高収率で重合体を得たい場合には、400〜760mmHgがよく、600〜760mmHgが好ましい。
【0017】
上記の反応は、不活性ガスを含む反応に影響を及ぼさない気体で系内を置換、又は気流下で行うことが好ましい。特に、400〜760mmHgの弱減圧度での反応では、生成する水を系外に効率よく排出するために、気流下で行うのが好ましい。このような反応に影響を及ぼさない気体としては、窒素やヘリウム等の不活性ガス、二酸化炭素、水素等があげられる。この反応に影響を及ぼさない気体を用いない場合、例えば空気雰囲気下でも反応は進行するが、モノマーや反応物の酸化や着色が生じやすい。
【0018】
また、上記の反応において、モノマーや反応物の酸化を防止するため、次亜リン酸などのリン化合物やマグネシウム粉末等の酸化防止剤を添加してもよい。
【0019】
上記の原料モノマーであるエリスリトールやポリオール、触媒等の仕込み方法としては、反応初期に一括して全てを仕込んでもよく、また、反応開始後、原料モノマーと触媒の両方、または何れか一方を、分割又は継続的に添加してもよい。これらは、操作性や生産性等を考慮して選択される。
【0020】
このようにして得られたポリオール重合体は、用途によってはそのまま使用可能であるが、通常、活性炭処理による脱色やイオン交換樹脂を通すことによって脱イオンを行い、無色粘調の液体として得られる。また、必要に応じて、高温、高真空にて、未反応ポリオールモノマー及び低分子物質を留去、またはアルコール等の有機溶媒を用いて抽出精製してもよい。
【0021】
この発明にかかるポリオール重合体を、保湿剤、可塑剤、水分調整剤等の保湿性が求められる親水性素材の用途として使用する場合がある。そのような応用を考えた場合、この発明にかかるポリオール重合体についても優れた保湿性が望まれる。例えば、含水率25%のポリエリスリトールを湿度20%、23℃の条件下で6日間置き水分量を測定した時、含水率が5%以上のものがよく、8%以上のものがより好ましい。
【0022】
このようにして得られたポリオール重合体は、直鎖状の重合鎖以外に、環状の構造を有する重合鎖や、枝分かれ構造を有する重合鎖、環状及び枝分かれの両方の構造を有する重合鎖等を包含する。
【0023】
この発明にかかるポリオール重合体は、界面活性剤、各種(食品用、化粧品用、工業用)乳化剤、化粧料、洗浄剤、消泡剤、分散剤、可溶化剤、保存料、油脂の結晶調整剤、起泡剤、染色助剤、水性インキ、繊維柔軟剤、可塑剤、帯電防止剤、防曇剤、保湿剤、水分調整剤、滑剤、乳化助剤、繊維改質剤、サイズ剤、表面処理剤、粘結剤、粘度調節剤、難燃剤、接着剤、抗菌剤、高分子原料(ポリウレタン、エポキシ樹脂等)等やそれらの組成分または原料として使用することができる。
【0024】
【実施例】
以下、この発明を、実施例を用いてより詳細に説明する。なお、実施例において「メソ−エリスリトール重合体」を「ポリエリスリトール」と記載する。
(実施例1)
メソ−エリスリトール100.0gと水酸化ナトリウム1.0gとを二酸化炭素雰囲気下、240℃、30〜40mmHgで2時間反応させた。得られた褐色液体に水150mlを加え、希塩酸で中和し、活性炭で脱色し、カチオン交換樹脂(三菱化学(株)製;ダイアイオンSK−112)及びアニオン交換樹脂(三菱化学(株)製;ダイアイオンWA30)にて処理し、水を留去して無色粘性の液体69.3g(含水率5%)を得た。
【0025】
得られたものをTOF−MS分析(マイクロマス(micromass)社製LCT質量分析計、イオン化方式:ESI、測定イオン:正イオン)したところ、メソ−エリスリトールに由来する104Daの繰り返し単位が観測された。また、主なピークとして、m/z226(重合度2)から1474(重合度14)までの鎖状ポリエリスリトールのピークに加えて、それらのm/zより18Daおよび36Da小さい脱水物のピークも観察された。同装置のLC(カラム:TSK−gel Amide−80(東ソー(株)製)、溶離液:(アセトニトリル/水=80/20)、60℃、流速1ml/min)にて成分を分離し分子量を測定したところ、同一分子量でも直鎖状と分岐状のポリエリスリトールが観察された。尚、TOF−MSのイオン強度より算出すると、平均重合度は4であった。
【0026】
IRスペクトル(KBr)の主なピークとしては、3391,2929,2884,1652,1456,1418,1325,1257,1082,890cm-1であり、13C−NMRスペクトル(D2O)は83.8−62.8ppmの範囲で観測された。
【0027】
(実施例2)
反応圧力を常圧(760mmHg)とし、窒素気流下で6時間反応させ、精製においてカチオン交換樹脂(三菱化学(株)製;ダイアイオンPK−212)及びアニオン交換樹脂(三菱化学(株)製;ダイアイオンPA−408)を使用した以外は、実施例1と同様に行い、無色粘性な液体84.0g(含水率 1%)を得た。TOF−MS分析したところ、104Daの繰返し単位、及び主なピークとして2量体から10量体の鎖状ポリエリスリトールのピークに加え、それらのm/zより18Da小さい脱水物のピークも観察された。尚、平均重合度は3であった。
【0028】
IRスペクトル(KBr)の主なピークとしては、3393,2933,2887,1652,1458,1420,1339,1241,1078, 888cm-1であり、13C−NMRスペクトル(D2O)は83.6−62.7ppmの範囲で観測された。
【0029】
(実施例3)
触媒の使用量を0.2g、反応時間を16時間とした以外は実施例2と同様に反応を行った。反応終了後、水100mlを加え、希塩酸で中和し、活性炭で脱色し、水を留去して無色粘性の液体85.2gを得た。
IRスペクトル(KBr)の主なピークとしては、3391,2930,2882,1653,1456,1420,1340,1244,1080,889cm-1であり、13C−NMRスペクトル(D2O)は83.6−62.8ppmの範囲で観測された。
【0030】
(実施例4)
メソ‐エリスリトール30.0gと水酸化ナトリウム0.3gとマグネシウム粉末0.05gとを窒素気流下、220〜240℃、常圧(760mmHg)で反応をおこなった。反応開始30分後より、メソ‐エリスリトール45.0gと水酸化ナトリウム0.45gを7.5時間かけて添加し、添加終了後更に2時間上記条件で反応させた。後処理は実施例1と同様に行い、無色粘性の液体60.5gを得た。
【0031】
IRスペクトル(KBr)の主なピークとしては、3397,2930,2887,1637,1458,1420,1339,1241,1078,889cm-1であり、13C−NMRスペクトル(D2O)は83.8−62.8ppmの範囲で観測された。
【0032】
(実施例5)
メソ−エリスリトール30.0gと水酸化ナトリウム0.3gとを窒素気流下、240℃、常圧で反応させた。5時間後(モノマー濃度 約15%)、溶融させたメソ‐エリスリトール30.0gを添加した。添加終了後更に7時間、上記条件で反応させた。後処理は実施例1と同様に行い、無色粘性の液体48.0gを得た。
【0033】
IRスペクトル(KBr)の主なピークとしては、3393,2930,2885,1651,1458,1419,1329,1249,1081,889cm-1であり、13C−NMRスペクトル(D2O)は83.8−62.8ppmの範囲で観測された。
【0034】
(実施例6)
メソ−エリスリトール15.0g、グリセリン15.0g及び水酸化ナトリウム0.3gとを窒素雰囲気下、240℃、200〜230mmHgで2時間反応させた。精製は実施例1と同様に行い、無色粘性の液体25.8gを得た。
【0035】
得られたものを実施例1と同様にTOF−MS分析したところ、非常に複雑なチャートではあるがメソ−エリスリトールに由来する104Da、グリセリンに由来する74Daの繰返し単位、及びm/z196(エリスリトール1分子とグリセリン1分子の縮合物)から1473(エリスリトール9分子とグリセリン7分子の縮合物)の鎖状共重合物のピークに加え、それらのm/zより18Da小さい脱水物のピークも一部観察された。尚、TOF−MSのイオン強度より算出すると、平均重合度は4であった。
【0036】
IRスペクトル(KBr)の主なピークとしては、3369,2934,2883,1652,1457,1417,1330,1237,1048,888cm-1であり、13C−NMRスペクトル(D2O)は、83.7−62.5ppmの範囲で観測された。
【0037】
(実施例7)
メソ‐エリスリトール27.0g、グリセリン3.0gにした以外は、実施例6と同様に行い、無色粘性の液体20.3g(含水率5%)を得た。得られた共重合物の平均重合度は3であった。
IRスペクトル(KBr)の主なピークとしては、3392,2931,2885,1651,1459,1419,1331,1249,1077,889cm-1であり、13C−NMRスペクトル(D2O)は83.6−62.7ppmの範囲で観測された。
【0038】
(比較例1)
メソ−エリスリトール30.0gと水酸化ナトリウム0.3gとを窒素雰囲気下、175から195℃、1mmHgで8時間反応させた。精製は実施例1と同様に行い、白色結晶29.5gを得た。
【0039】
得られたもののIRスペクトルは、KBr:3524,2791,2956,2928,2911,1417,1255,1081,1054cm-113C−NMRは、D2O:74.8,65.4ppmの2シグナルで、ほとんどが未反応のメソ−エリスリトールであった。
【0040】
[評価試験]
(評価試験1)[保湿性試験]
実施例1及び2で合成したポリエリスリトール8gを秤量瓶に入れ、調湿デシケーター(湿度75%、23℃)内で平衡水分まで吸湿させた。その試料を恒温恒湿器(湿度20%、23℃)内に置き、その重量を測定することにより、含水率の変化を調べた。
また、比較として、テトラグリセリン、デカグリセリンを用いて同様の測定をした。その結果を表1に示す。
【0041】
【表1】

Figure 0004318426
【0042】
<結果>
経過時間と共に、含水率は低下するが、実施例1及び2のポリエリスリトールの含水率は各比較例より高く、より保湿能力が高いことがわかった。
【0043】
(評価試験2)[熱安定性試験]
実施例2で合成したポリエリスリトールを熱天秤(理学電機(株)製;TAS−200、大気中、昇温10℃/min)にて重量の変化率(仕込み量を100%としたときの重量変化率)を測定した。
【0044】
【表2】
Figure 0004318426
【0045】
<結果>
ポリエリスリトールは、200℃で99%残存しており、これは熱安定性に優れていることが分かった。
【0046】
【発明の効果】
この発明によると、エリスリトールを含むポリオールの重合体が得られ、また、構成モノマーをメソ−エリスリトール単独とすると、メソ−エリスリトール重合体が得られる。
【0047】
また、エリスリトールは、グリセリンより水酸基が1つ多いので、得られるポリオール重合体は、ポリグリセリンに比べて親水性基が多くなり、界面活性剤、保湿剤等やその原料等に使用しても、得られる界面活性剤等の親水性はより向上する。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a polyol polymer.
[0002]
[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention]
Polyglycerin is known as a polyol polymer having a large number of hydroxyl groups. This polyglycerin is used as a raw material such as a surfactant.
[0003]
However, in the obtained surfactant such as fatty acid ester, HLB (hydrophilicity) may be insufficient depending on the use, and it is necessary to introduce a hydrophilic functional group.
Moreover, the irritation | stimulation to skin may become a problem with surfactant which has hydrophilic functional groups, such as a sulfonic acid group.
[0004]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a polyol polymer having more hydroxyl groups.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
This invention solves the said subject by using the polyol polymer which uses as a constituent monomer the polyol containing meso-erythritol, and uses the polymer which polymerized 2-16 molecules of this constituent monomer as a main component.
[0006]
Since meso-erythritol has one more hydroxyl group than glycerin, the resulting polyol polymer has more hydrophilic groups than polyglycerin, and even when used as a raw material for a surfactant, the resulting surfactant The hydrophilicity of is further improved.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
The polyol polymer according to the present invention is mainly composed of a polymer obtained by polymerizing 2 to 16 molecules of this constituent monomer with a polyol containing meso-erythritol as a constituent monomer.
[0008]
The polyol refers to a compound having two or more hydroxyl groups, and examples thereof include ethylene glycol, glycerin, erythritol, threitol, lyxitol, ribitol, xylitol, sorbitol and the like.
[0009]
Among these, erythritol, particularly meso-erythritol, is preferably a main component, that is, 50 mol% or more of the constituent monomer is preferably meso-erythritol. Thereby, the obtained polyol polymer can contain more hydroxyl groups. In particular, when only meso-erythritol is used as the polyol, the resulting polyol polymer is a meso-erythritol polymer.
[0010]
In addition, the raw material polyol and meso-erythritol are not only purified but also purified after synthesis or fermentation, depending on the application and purpose, as well as high-purity products treated by sterilization, decolorization, desalting, resin purification, and / or recrystallization. These raw materials can also be used as they are. For example, erythritol which has been subjected to only sterilization after fermentation contains several percent of other polyols, and when these are polymerized, a polyol polymer having an erythritol unit content of 90 to 99% is obtained.
[0011]
In the following, “meso-erythritol” is simply referred to as “erythritol”.
[0012]
The polymerization degree of the main component of the polymer is preferably 2 to 16, preferably 2 to 14, more preferably 2 to 8, and further preferably 3 to 6. This is because a single constituent monomer does not result in a polymer. On the other hand, the polymerization to increase the constituent monomer to 17 or more requires severe reaction conditions, and the by-product and coloration of the gel-like substance are remarkable. Therefore, it is not easy.
[0013]
The polyol polymer according to the present invention can be produced by the following method.
That is, it can be produced by polymerizing a polyol containing erythritol at a predetermined temperature and pressure in the presence of a catalyst. Since the polyol is liquid at the reaction temperature, it can be reacted without a solvent. The catalyst is preferably a basic compound, among which alkali metal compounds and alkaline earth metals that exhibit basicity such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, calcium oxide, sodium hydride, etc. A compound is more preferable, and a basic sodium compound is still more preferable.
[0014]
The amount of the catalyst used is preferably 0.005 to 10% by weight of the total weight of the polyol containing the erythritol used as a polymerization raw material, and 0.05 to 3% by weight is preferable from the viewpoint of reaction rate and economy.
[0015]
The reaction temperature is selected according to the type of constituent monomer used. When using erythritol and 1 type, or 2 or more types of another polyol in combination as a structural monomer, 200-260 degreeC is good. Moreover, when only erythritol is used as a constituent monomer, 200 to 250 ° C is preferable, and 210 to 240 ° C is more preferable.
This is because if the temperature is too high, coloring and formation of by-products are remarkably unfavorable, while if the temperature is too low, the polymerization reaction is extremely slow.
[0016]
Furthermore, the reaction pressure is selected according to the type of constituent monomer used. In the case where erythritol and one or more other polyols are used in combination as a constituent monomer, 2 to 760 mmHg is preferable. Further, when only erythritol is used as a constituent monomer, 10 to 760 mmHg is preferable. Further, when the polymerization rate is important and it is desired to complete the reaction in a short time, 10 to 400 mmHg is preferable and 15 to 60 mmHg is preferable. Furthermore, when suppressing the production | generation of a by-product and the vaporization of a monomer and obtaining a polymer with a high yield, 400-760 mmHg is good and 600-760 mmHg is preferable.
[0017]
The above reaction is preferably carried out by replacing the inside of the system with a gas that does not affect the reaction containing an inert gas, or under an air flow. In particular, in the reaction at a slightly reduced pressure of 400 to 760 mmHg, it is preferable to perform the reaction under an air stream in order to efficiently discharge generated water out of the system. Examples of gases that do not affect the reaction include inert gases such as nitrogen and helium, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen. When a gas that does not affect this reaction is not used, for example, the reaction proceeds even in an air atmosphere, but oxidation and coloring of monomers and reactants are likely to occur.
[0018]
In the above reaction, a phosphorus compound such as hypophosphorous acid or an antioxidant such as magnesium powder may be added in order to prevent oxidation of the monomer or reactant.
[0019]
As the charging method of the above-mentioned raw material monomers, such as erythritol, polyol, catalyst, etc., all may be charged at the beginning of the reaction, and after starting the reaction, either or both of the raw material monomer and the catalyst are divided. Or you may add continuously. These are selected in consideration of operability and productivity.
[0020]
The polyol polymer thus obtained can be used as it is depending on the application, but is usually decolorized by activated carbon treatment or deionized by passing an ion exchange resin to obtain a colorless viscous liquid. If necessary, unreacted polyol monomer and low molecular weight substance may be distilled off at high temperature and high vacuum, or may be extracted and purified using an organic solvent such as alcohol.
[0021]
The polyol polymer according to the present invention may be used as a hydrophilic material such as a humectant, a plasticizer, and a moisture adjuster that are required to have a humectant. In consideration of such applications, excellent moisture retention is desired for the polyol polymer according to the present invention. For example, when the moisture content is measured by placing polyerythritol with a moisture content of 25% for 6 days under the conditions of humidity 20% and 23 ° C., the moisture content is preferably 5% or more, more preferably 8% or more.
[0022]
In addition to the linear polymer chain, the polyol polymer thus obtained includes a polymer chain having a cyclic structure, a polymer chain having a branched structure, a polymer chain having both cyclic and branched structures, and the like. Include.
[0023]
Polyol polymers according to the present invention are surfactants, various (food, cosmetic, industrial) emulsifiers, cosmetics, detergents, antifoaming agents, dispersants, solubilizers, preservatives, oil and fat crystal adjustments. Agent, foaming agent, dyeing aid, water-based ink, fiber softener, plasticizer, antistatic agent, antifogging agent, moisturizer, moisture adjusting agent, lubricant, emulsifying aid, fiber modifier, sizing agent, surface It can be used as a treating agent, a binder, a viscosity modifier, a flame retardant, an adhesive, an antibacterial agent, a polymer raw material (polyurethane, epoxy resin, etc.), or a component or raw material thereof.
[0024]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. In the examples, “meso-erythritol polymer” is referred to as “polyerythritol”.
Example 1
100.0 g of meso-erythritol and 1.0 g of sodium hydroxide were reacted at 240 ° C. and 30-40 mmHg for 2 hours in a carbon dioxide atmosphere. 150 ml of water was added to the obtained brown liquid, neutralized with dilute hydrochloric acid, decolorized with activated carbon, cation exchange resin (Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation; Diaion SK-112) and anion exchange resin (Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) Treatment with Diaion WA30), and water was distilled off to obtain 69.3 g of colorless viscous liquid (water content 5%).
[0025]
When the obtained product was subjected to TOF-MS analysis (an LCT mass spectrometer manufactured by micromass, ionization method: ESI, measurement ion: positive ion), a repeating unit of 104 Da derived from meso-erythritol was observed. . In addition to the chain polyerythritol peaks from m / z 226 (polymerization degree 2) to 1474 (polymerization degree 14) as main peaks, dehydration peaks 18 Da and 36 Da smaller than those m / z were also observed. It was done. The components were separated by LC (column: TSK-gel Amide-80 (manufactured by Tosoh Corp.), eluent: (acetonitrile / water = 80/20), 60 ° C., flow rate 1 ml / min) of the same apparatus. When measured, linear and branched polyerythritol were observed even at the same molecular weight. The average degree of polymerization was 4 calculated from the ionic strength of TOF-MS.
[0026]
The main peaks of the IR spectrum (KBr) are 3391, 2929, 2884, 1652, 1456, 1418, 1325, 1257, 1082, and 890 cm −1 , and the 13 C-NMR spectrum (D 2 O) is 83.8. It was observed in the range of −62.8 ppm.
[0027]
(Example 2)
The reaction pressure is normal pressure (760 mmHg), the reaction is performed for 6 hours under a nitrogen stream, and cation exchange resin (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation; Diaion PK-212) and anion exchange resin (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) are used for purification. Except having used Diaion PA-408), it carried out like Example 1 and obtained the colorless viscous liquid 84.0g (water content 1%). As a result of TOF-MS analysis, in addition to the repeating unit of 104 Da and the peak of the dimer to 10-mer chain polyerythritol as the main peak, the peak of dehydration 18 Da smaller than those m / z was also observed. . The average degree of polymerization was 3.
[0028]
The main peaks of the IR spectrum (KBr) are 3393, 2933, 2887, 1652, 1458, 1420, 1339, 1241, 1078, 888 cm −1 , and the 13 C-NMR spectrum (D 2 O) is 83.6. It was observed in the range of −62.7 ppm.
[0029]
(Example 3)
The reaction was conducted in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the amount of catalyst used was 0.2 g, and the reaction time was 16 hours. After completion of the reaction, 100 ml of water was added, neutralized with dilute hydrochloric acid, decolorized with activated carbon, and water was distilled off to obtain 85.2 g of a colorless viscous liquid.
The main peaks of the IR spectrum (KBr) are 3391, 2930, 2882, 1653, 1456, 1420, 1340, 1244, 1080, 889 cm −1 , and the 13C-NMR spectrum (D 2 O) is 83.6. It was observed in the range of 62.8 ppm.
[0030]
(Example 4)
A reaction was carried out between 30.0 g of meso-erythritol, 0.3 g of sodium hydroxide, and 0.05 g of magnesium powder under a nitrogen stream at 220 to 240 ° C. and normal pressure (760 mmHg). From 30 minutes after the start of the reaction, 45.0 g of meso-erythritol and 0.45 g of sodium hydroxide were added over 7.5 hours, and the reaction was further continued for 2 hours after the addition was completed. Post-treatment was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain 60.5 g of a colorless viscous liquid.
[0031]
The main peaks of the IR spectrum (KBr) are 3397, 2930, 2887, 1637, 1458, 1420, 1339, 1241, 1078, 889 cm −1 , and the 13 C-NMR spectrum (D 2 O) is 83.8. It was observed in the range of −62.8 ppm.
[0032]
(Example 5)
Meso-erythritol (30.0 g) and sodium hydroxide (0.3 g) were reacted at 240 ° C. and normal pressure in a nitrogen stream. After 5 hours (monomer concentration about 15%), 30.0 g of melted meso-erythritol was added. The reaction was further continued for 7 hours after the addition. The post-treatment was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain 48.0 g of a colorless viscous liquid.
[0033]
The main peaks of the IR spectrum (KBr) are 3393, 2930, 2885, 1651, 1458, 1419, 1329, 1249, 1081, 889 cm −1 , and the 13 C-NMR spectrum (D 2 O) is 83.8. It was observed in the range of −62.8 ppm.
[0034]
(Example 6)
Meso-erythritol (15.0 g), glycerin (15.0 g) and sodium hydroxide (0.3 g) were reacted at 240 ° C. and 200 to 230 mmHg for 2 hours in a nitrogen atmosphere. Purification was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain 25.8 g of a colorless viscous liquid.
[0035]
The obtained product was subjected to TOF-MS analysis in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, although it was a very complicated chart, 104 Da derived from meso-erythritol, 74 Da derived from glycerin, and m / z 196 (erythritol 1 In addition to the chain copolymer peak from 1473 (condensate of glycerin and 1 molecule of glycerin) to 1473 (condensate of 9 molecules of erythritol and 7 molecules of glycerin), some peaks of dehydrated products that are 18 Da smaller than their m / z are also observed. It was done. The average degree of polymerization was 4 calculated from the ionic strength of TOF-MS.
[0036]
The main peaks of the IR spectrum (KBr) are 3369, 2934, 2883, 1652, 1457, 1417, 1330, 1237, 1048, and 888 cm −1 , and the 13 C-NMR spectrum (D 2 O) is 83. It was observed in the range of 7-62.5 ppm.
[0037]
(Example 7)
Except for using 27.0 g of meso-erythritol and 3.0 g of glycerin, the same procedure as in Example 6 was performed to obtain 20.3 g of a colorless viscous liquid (water content 5%). The average degree of polymerization of the obtained copolymer was 3.
The main peaks of the IR spectrum (KBr) are 3392, 2931, 2885, 1651, 1459, 1419, 1331, 1249, 1077, 889 cm −1 , and the 13 C-NMR spectrum (D 2 O) is 83.6. It was observed in the range of −62.7 ppm.
[0038]
(Comparative Example 1)
Meso-erythritol (30.0 g) and sodium hydroxide (0.3 g) were reacted at 175 to 195 ° C. and 1 mmHg for 8 hours in a nitrogen atmosphere. Purification was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain 29.5 g of white crystals.
[0039]
The IR spectrum of the obtained product was KBr: 3524, 2791, 2956, 2928, 2911, 1417, 1255, 1081, 1054 cm −1 , 13 C-NMR was 2 signals of D 2 O: 74.8, 65.4 ppm. Most of them were unreacted meso-erythritol.
[0040]
[Evaluation test]
(Evaluation Test 1) [Moisture retention test]
8 g of polyerythritol synthesized in Examples 1 and 2 was put in a weighing bottle and absorbed to equilibrium moisture in a humidity desiccator (humidity 75%, 23 ° C.). The sample was placed in a thermo-hygrostat (humidity 20%, 23 ° C.) and its weight was measured to examine the change in moisture content.
For comparison, the same measurement was performed using tetraglycerin and decaglycerin. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0041]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004318426
[0042]
<Result>
Although the moisture content decreased with the passage of time, the moisture content of the polyerythritol of Examples 1 and 2 was higher than that of each of the comparative examples, indicating that the moisture retention ability was higher.
[0043]
(Evaluation Test 2) [Thermal stability test]
Polyerythritol synthesized in Example 2 was changed in weight with a thermobalance (manufactured by Rigaku Denki Co., Ltd .; TAS-200, in air, at a temperature increase of 10 ° C./min) (weight when the amount charged was 100%) Change rate) was measured.
[0044]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004318426
[0045]
<Result>
Polyerythritol remained 99% at 200 ° C., which was found to be excellent in thermal stability.
[0046]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, a polyol polymer containing erythritol can be obtained, and a meso-erythritol polymer can be obtained when the constituent monomer is meso-erythritol alone.
[0047]
In addition, since erythritol has one more hydroxyl group than glycerin, the resulting polyol polymer has more hydrophilic groups than polyglycerin, and even if used as a surfactant, a humectant, or its raw material, The hydrophilicity of the obtained surfactant and the like is further improved.

Claims (1)

メソ−エリスリトールを50mol%以上含むポリオールを構成モノマーとし、この構成モノマー2〜16分子を、触媒存在下、200〜250℃、2〜760mmHgの条件下で重合させた重合体の50mol%以上の重合度が3〜6であるポリオール重合体。 Polymerization of 50 mol% or more of a polymer obtained by polymerizing 2 to 16 molecules of this constituent monomer under the conditions of 200 to 250 ° C. and 2 to 760 mmHg in the presence of a catalyst using a polyol containing 50 mol% or more of meso-erythritol as a constituent monomer. Polyol polymer having a degree of 3-6 .
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