JP4292372B2 - Effervescent roux - Google Patents

Effervescent roux Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4292372B2
JP4292372B2 JP2003071579A JP2003071579A JP4292372B2 JP 4292372 B2 JP4292372 B2 JP 4292372B2 JP 2003071579 A JP2003071579 A JP 2003071579A JP 2003071579 A JP2003071579 A JP 2003071579A JP 4292372 B2 JP4292372 B2 JP 4292372B2
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raw material
weight
roux
starch
gas
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JP2004275089A (en
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章子 渡邉
大介 吉松
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Ezaki Glico Co Ltd
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Ezaki Glico Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、溶解性に優れ、且つ、新食感を有するルウに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般的に即席ルウは、油脂と小麦粉等の澱粉系原料を100℃以上に加熱混合した小麦粉ルウに調味料、香辛料などの風味原料を加え、冷却固化して製造される。これらのルウは、一般的に調理の際の溶解が困難で、溶け残りができないように、ルウを割る、包丁で細かく砕く作業を行うなど、調理に際し、時間や手間を要していた。又、固形状の即席ルウの場合には、容器に充填する際に流動性が必要なことから、含有油脂量が原料100重量%に対し25重量%以上必要であるが、含有油脂量が多いことから、特有の重厚でこくのある味や香りが評価される一方で、喫食時に油っぽい、後口が重いなどと指摘する消費者もあった。
【0003】
一方、従来、発泡性の食品が幾つか提案されており、エアーを容器に閉じ込め圧力で泡を出すエアゾール容器入り食品(特許文献1及び2参照)、ガス含有発泡性クリーミングパウダーによる発泡性粉末飲料(特許文献3参照)、炭酸塩と有機酸の反応により二酸化炭素を発生させる飲料用発泡性クリーマ(特許文献4参照)などが知られていた。
【0004】
しかし、これらの発泡性の食品は、エアゾール容器に充填される食品や飲料など一部のものに種類が限定されていた。
【0005】
【特許文献1】
特開平4-148662号公報
【0006】
【特許文献2】
特開昭64-86833号公報
【0007】
【特許文献3】
特表平11-503920号公報
【0008】
【特許文献4】
特開平10-066531号公報
【0009】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、調理時の溶解性が良好で、口当たりの軽い、新食感のルウを提供することを主な目的とする。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは上記課題を解決するため、鋭意研究を積み重ねた。その結果、油脂、澱粉系原料及び風味原料を用い、これらの原料を加熱混合する工程を含むルウにおいて、発泡成分を含有させることにより目的を達成し得ることを見出し、本発明を完成するに到った。
【0011】
すなわち、本発明は、次の事項に係るものである。
【0012】
1.油脂、澱粉系原料、風味原料及び発泡成分を含有することを特徴とする発泡性ルウ。
【0013】
2.発泡成分が、(1)ガス含有発泡性パウダー又は(2)有機酸及び炭酸塩である項1に記載の発泡性ルウ。
【0014】
3.発泡成分が、(1)ガス含有性発泡性パウダー及び(2)有機酸及び炭酸塩である項1に記載の発泡性ルウ。
【0015】
4.油脂と澱粉系原料を加熱混合して調製した小麦粉ルウに、風味原料及び発泡成分を加えて混合することを特徴とする発泡性ルウの製造方法。
【0016】
5.発泡成分としてガス含有発泡性パウダーを用い、油脂と澱粉系原料を加熱混合して調製した小麦粉ルウに、風味原料を添加して混合した後、ガス含有発泡性パウダーを加え、更に混合する項4に記載の発泡性ルウの製造方法。
【0017】
6.発泡成分として有機酸及び炭酸塩を用い、油脂と澱粉系原料を加熱混合して調製した小麦粉ルウに、(i)有機酸を含有する原料、及び(ii)炭酸塩を含有する原料を、風味原料と混合して別々に加える項4に記載の発泡性ルウの製造方法。
【0018】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明について、詳細に説明する。
【0019】
発泡性ルウ
本発明の発泡性ルウは、油脂、澱粉系原料、風味原料及び発泡成分を含有することを特徴とする。本発明の発泡性ルウの形態は特に限定されず、例えば、固形状、液状、ペースト状、粉末状、フレーク状、顆粒状等の形態とすることができる。例えば、固化して、即席ルウとすることができる。
【0020】
本発明の発泡性ルウは、必要により、水、各種具材を加えて、加熱調理され、カレー、シチュー、ハッシュドビーフ、スープ、ソース等の調理に用いられる。
【0021】
発泡成分
本発明のルウに含有される発泡成分とは、水分の存在下で加熱及び/又は混合することにより、泡を生じさせる成分である。発泡成分としては、例えば、ガス含有発泡性パウダーや、有機酸及び炭酸塩などが挙げられる。
【0022】
(1)ガス含有発泡性パウダー
本願発明において、ガス含有発泡性パウダーとは、窒素、二酸化炭素などの気体を含有し、液体に溶解する際、含有する気体を放出することにより泡の層を形成する水分10重量%以下の粉末原料をいう。例えば、ガス含有発泡性機能を持った粉末原料としては、脱脂粉乳などの乳製品に植物性油脂、糖類などを添加した乳加工原料であるクリーミングパウダーや、ガス含有発泡性機能を付与した加工澱粉、ビーフパウダー、野菜エキス系パウダー又はシーズニングパウダーなどが挙げられる。
【0023】
ガス含有発泡性パウダ−は、澱粉が糊化する際に気泡を組織に入れる役目を主に果たす。
【0024】
発泡成分としてガス含有発泡性パウダーのみを使用する場合、ガス含有発泡性パウダーの添加量は、原料100重量%に対し、5〜30重量%添加することが好ましく、10〜20重量%添加することがより好ましい。
【0025】
ガス含有発泡性パウダーの添加量が少なすぎる場合には、発泡量が不十分で泡の持続性は低くなる。多すぎる場合には、発泡性及び泡の持続性は良好であるが、製造時のルウの粘度が上昇することにより流動性がなくなり、充填が困難になるなどの製造上の問題が発生する。また、発泡性パウダーの風味が強くなりすぎるなどの風味上の問題が発生する。
【0026】
(2)有機酸及び炭酸塩
本明細書では、炭酸塩とは炭酸の塩をいう。炭酸塩には正塩MI 2CO3、炭酸水素塩(酸性塩)MIHCO3、炭酸水酸化物塩(塩基性塩)mMI 2CO3・nMIOHの3種がある。また炭酸塩は酸により分解し二酸化炭素を放出する。炭酸塩の例としては、炭酸アンモニウム、炭酸カリウム、炭酸カルシウム、炭酸水酸化マグネシウム、炭酸水素アンモニウム、炭酸水素カリウム、炭酸水素ナトリウムなどがあげられる。
【0027】
本明細書では、有機酸とは酸性を示す有機化合物をいう。有機酸はカルボン酸RCOOH、スルホン酸RSO3H、スルフィン酸RSO2Hなど酸性の官能基を持つ。有機酸の例としては、酢酸、クエン酸、リンゴ酸、酒石酸、コハク酸などがあげられる。
【0028】
発泡成分としての有機酸及び炭酸塩は、ルウの溶解性を促進する役割を主に果たす。
【0029】
炭酸塩の添加量は、発泡量が良好である限り、特に制限はないが、味に影響ない添加量であることを考慮すると、原料100重量%に対し2〜10重量%が好ましく、3〜5重量%添加することがさらに好ましい。炭酸塩の添加量が多すぎると、炭酸塩の塩味が強くなるという風味上の問題が発生する。
【0030】
有機酸の添加量は、発泡量が良好である限り、特に制限はないが、原料100重量%に対して0.5〜2.0重量%が好ましく、有機酸以外の原料100重量%に対して0.5〜1.5重量%添加することがさらに好ましい。有機酸の添加量が多すぎると、酸味が強くなるという風味上の問題が発生する。
【0031】
発泡成分としてガス含有発泡性パウダーのみを使用する場合、又は、有機酸と炭酸塩のみを使用する場合でも十分な発泡量と泡の持続性は得られるが、これらを併用することにより、それぞれを単独で添加する場合と比較して、発泡量及び泡の持続性はさらに良好となる。また、併用することにより、調理時のルウ溶解性がより良好となり、且つ、即席ルウ特有の濃厚でこくのある味や香りが残しながら、口当たりが軽いという食感により優れる。
【0032】
発泡成分として、(i)ガス含有発泡性パウダーと(ii)有機酸及び炭酸塩とを併用して使用する場合、それらの添加量は、原料100重量%に対し、ガス含有発泡性パウダーは5〜30重量%、好ましくは10〜20重量%、炭酸塩は2〜10重量%、好ましくは3〜5重量%、有機酸は0.5〜2.0重量%、好ましくは0.5〜1.5重量%であることが、溶解性や風味、食感などの点から好ましい。
【0033】
油脂
本発明で使用する油脂としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、バター、牛脂、豚脂等の動物油脂や菜種油、大豆油、パーム油等の植物油脂、或はこれら天然油脂の混合物、又は水素添加等の加工をした油脂を使用することができる。
【0034】
即席ルウ中にこれらの油脂を原料100重量%に対し、20〜50重量%、好ましくは25〜45重量%、更に好ましくは30〜40重量%で配合することが、風味や加工適性の点から好ましい。
【0035】
澱粉系原料
本発明で使用する澱粉系原料としては、調理後のソースにとろみを付与するものであればよく、特に種類は限定されない。例えば、馬鈴薯澱粉、タピオカ澱粉、甘藷澱粉、くず澱粉などの地下澱粉、コーンスターチ、小麦澱粉、米澱粉(例えばもち米澱粉、粳米澱粉など)などの地上澱粉、及び架橋澱粉、エステル化澱粉、エーテル化澱粉、可溶性澱粉、漂白澱粉などの化工デンプンがあげられる。穀粉の例としては小麦粉、ライ麦粉、ソバ粉、米粉、コーンフラワー、あわ粉、きび粉があげられる。澱粉系原料は小麦粉を含むことが好ましく、小麦粉であることがより好ましい。小麦粉は強力粉、中力粉、薄力粉のいずれであってもよいが、薄力粉が好ましい。
【0036】
澱粉系原料は、必要に応じて1種または2種以上の澱粉系原料を選択して用いることができる。
【0037】
澱粉系原料は、原料100重量%に対し、7〜35重量%、好ましくは10〜30重量%、更に好ましくは20〜30重量%で配合することが、適当なとろみを付与する上で好ましい。
【0038】
風味原料
本明細書において、風味原料とは、ルウに風味を与えるために用いられる食材をいう。食材とは、食用にする物品をいう。
【0039】
風味原料の例としては、水分含有食材及び他の食材、調味原料、香味原料等があげられる。 調味原料には、調味料やその他の調味素材が含まれる。例えば、食品添加物、たんぱく加水分解物、食塩、ブイヨン、ケチャップ、醤油などが含まれる。また、香味原料には、香辛料、香辛料抽出物など香味をつける原料が含まれる。
【0040】
風味原料は、澱粉系原料を含まないことが好ましい。また、風味原料は未加熱であってもよく、加熱済みであってもよい。
【0041】
具体的には、シチュー、カレー、ハッシュドビーフ、スープ、ソースなどを製造する際、一般的に使用される食塩、砂糖、グルタミン酸ナトリウム、ブイヨン、カレー粉、畜肉や野菜及び果物等の各種エキスや粉末、ペースト、液体、乳系原料などを例示することができる。
【0042】
乳系原料とは、当該分野で公知の任意の乳及び乳製品ならびにこれらを主要原料とする食品をいう。乳とは生乳、牛乳、特別牛乳、部分脱脂乳、脱脂乳、及び加工乳をいう。乳製品とはクリーム、チーズ、濃縮ホエイ、濃縮乳、脱脂濃縮乳、無糖練乳、無糖脱脂練乳、加糖練乳、加糖脱脂練乳、全粉乳、脱脂粉乳、クリームパウダー、ホエイパウダー、タンパク質濃縮ホエイパウダー、バターミルクパウダー、チーズパウダー、加糖粉乳、調製粉乳、発酵乳、乳酸菌飲料、及び乳飲料をいう。乳および乳製品を主要原料とする食品とは、食品中に乳および乳製品を食品の重量を基準として5重量%以上、好ましくは10重量%以上、より好ましくは20重量%以上、より好ましくは40重量%以上、より好ましくは50重量%以上、より好ましくは60重量%以上、より好ましくは70%重量以上含有する食品をいい、具体的には、クリーミングパウダー、ミルクソース、クリームチーズソースなどがあげられる。
【0043】
風味原料は、目的とするルウの風味を調整するために、必要に応じて一種または二種以上を適宜選択して用いることができる。
【0044】
これらの風味原料を、原料100重量%に対し、10〜50重量%、好ましくは15〜 40重量%、更に好ましくは20〜35重量%で配合することが風味の点で好ましい。
【0045】
他の成分
本発明のルウには、所望に応じて、公知の食品に含有される添加剤や食材、食品原料を適宜添加することができる。添加剤としては、例えば、乳化剤、保存料、香料、着色料、酸化防止剤等が挙げられる。
【0046】
発泡性ルウの製造方法
本発明の発泡性ルウを製造する方法は特に限定されないが、通常、油脂と澱粉系原料を加熱混合して調製した小麦粉ルウに、風味原料及び発泡成分を加えて混合して製造される。
【0047】
例えば、油脂と小麦粉などの澱粉系原料を100℃以上に加熱して、適当な時間混合した小麦粉ルウに、風味原料や発泡成分を含む原料を混合した後、50〜60℃まで冷却して製造される。
【0048】
ここで、「小麦粉ルウ」とは、油脂および澱粉系原料を含む小麦粉ルウ原料を加熱することによって得られるものをいう。小麦粉ルウは、当核分野では、ホワイトルウ、白ルウ、ブラウンルウなどと呼ばれることもある。本明細書では、当該分野での慣例に従って「小麦粉ルウ」との用語を用いるが、小麦粉ルウは必ずしも小麦粉を含まなくても良い。小麦粉ルウには、適当な風味原料、例えば、オニオンパウダーなどを適宜混合してもよい。
【0049】
小麦粉ルウを製造する際の混合の条件は適宜設定し得るが、通常、100〜150℃の温度で10〜120分、好ましくは100〜140℃の温度で10〜120分、更に好ましくは110〜135℃の温度で20〜100分、最も好ましくは120〜130℃の温度で40〜70分行う。
【0050】
また、小麦粉ルウに、風味原料や発泡成分を含む原料を混合して冷却する際の条件も適宜設定しうるが、通常、風味原料及び発泡成分を順次加えて混合しながら50〜60℃まで10〜120分かけて冷却する。より好ましくは50〜60℃まで30〜100分かけて冷却する。
【0051】
混合機および冷却機は、ルウを均一に撹拌混合及び熱交換できるものであればよく、熱源や形状、材質等は特に限定されない。
【0052】
発泡成分として、ガス含有発泡性パウダーを使用する場合、その添加方法は、発泡が良好である限り、特に制限はないが、油脂と澱粉系原料を100℃以上に加熱混合して調製した小麦粉ルウに、調味料、香辛料などの風味原料を加え冷却混合する工程の最終段階で、ガス含有発泡性パウダーを添加し、均一になるよう撹拌混合した後、更に冷却混合する方法が好ましい。
【0053】
冷却混合工程の最終段階で加えることにより、(1)最終段階では品温が70℃付近まで低下しているため熱による変性を防ぐことができる、(2)最終段階では撹拌が短時間ですむため、撹拌による組織破壊が防げる、(3)水分と反応して発泡してしまうことが防げる等の利点が奏される。
【0054】
発泡成分として、有機酸と炭酸塩を使用する場合には、有機酸と炭酸塩がルウ中で接触しないように、添加方法を選択する必要がある。ルウ中で有機酸と炭酸塩が接触して存在した場合、ルウに含まれる若干の水にこれらの成分が溶解して反応し、完成した製品が発泡しないものとなる可能性が考えられるためである。
【0055】
発泡成分として有機酸と炭酸塩を使用する場合の具体的な添加方法としては、油脂と澱粉系原料を加熱混合して調製した小麦粉ルウに、(i)有機酸を含有する原料、及び(ii)炭酸塩を含有する原料を、風味原料と混合して別々に加える方法等が挙げられる。この場合、風味原料は、(i)のみに混合させてもよく、又は(ii)のみに混合させてもよい。また(i)及び(ii)の両方に混合してもよい。また、(i)及び(ii)には、風味原料だけでなく、ガス含有発泡性パウダー等の他の原料や添加剤等の他の成分を含有させてもよい。
【0056】
発泡成分として、ガス含有発泡性パウダーと、有機酸及び炭酸塩とを併用して使用する場合の製造方法としては、油脂と澱粉系原料を加熱混合して調製した小麦粉ルウに、(i)有機酸及び風味原料を含有する原料を添加して冷却混合した後、(ii)ガス含有発泡性パウダー及び炭酸塩を含有する原料を添加して、更に冷却混合する方法、また、油脂と澱粉系原料を加熱混合して調製した小麦粉ルウに、(i)炭酸塩及び風味原料を含有する原料を添加して冷却混合した後、(ii)ガス含有発泡性パウダー及び有機酸を含有する原料を添加して、更に冷却混合する方法等が挙げられる。
【0057】
【実施例】
以下、実施例及び比較例を挙げて、本発明をより一層具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。
【0058】
実施例1
全重量%に対し、油脂(ラード)31重量%、小麦粉29重量%、オニオンパウダー0.5重量%を斜軸撹拌装置付加熱釜で120℃まで40分かけて混合加熱し、小麦粉ルウを製造した。
【0059】
この小麦粉ルウを斜軸撹拌装置付冷却釜に移し、食塩6重量%、砂糖8重量%、チキンブイヨン0.8重量%、脱脂粉乳4重量%、チーズパウダー3重量%、ホエイパウダー4重量%、dl-リンゴ酸0.5重量%、香料0.2重量%を加え混合する。更に、冷却混合工程の最終段階でガス含有発泡性クリーミングパウダー10重量%、炭酸水素ナトリウム3重量%を予め混合したミックスに加え混合し、均一になったら、55℃まで冷却した後トレイに充填、冷却固化してクリームシチュールウを製造した。上記即席クリームシチュールウ200g(10皿分)を8等分したルウを常法により水、具材と煮込んだものに加えると細かい気泡が発生し、調理器具(玉杓子)を使わずにルウは短時間(40秒)で完全に溶解した。 加熱を続けると澱粉が糊化する際に、この気泡が澱粉組識に入り込み、ルウ特有の濃厚でこくのある味や香りを残しながらも口当たりの軽いクリームシチューとなった。
【0060】
比較例 1
全原料に対し油脂(ラード)31重量%、小麦粉29重量%、オニオンパウダー0.5重量%を斜軸撹拌装置付加熱釜で120℃まで40分かけて混合加熱し、小麦粉ルウを製造した。
【0061】
この小麦粉ルウを斜軸撹拌装置付冷却釜に移し、食塩6重量%、砂糖8重量%、チキンブイヨン1.3重量%、脱脂粉乳4重量%、チーズパウダー3重量%、ホエイパウダー4重量%、クリーミングパウダー13重量%、香料0.2重量%を加え均一に混合し、55℃まで冷却した後トレイに充填、冷却固化してクリームシチュールウを製造した。上記即席クリームシチュールウ200g(10皿分)を8等分したものを常法により水、具材と煮込んだものに加え調理器具(玉杓子)を使って溶け残りの無い状態まで完全に溶解させるのに約6分かかった。その後加熱して得られたクリームシチューは、トロリとした物性で、味は濃厚でこくのあるものであった。
【0062】
上記実施例1及び比較例1の結果に示されるように、本発明の発泡性ルウは、従来のルウに比べて、溶解時間が格段に短いことが明らかとなった。
【0063】
更に、本発明の発泡性ルウが食品に奏する効果を明確にするために、実施例1で得られたクリームシチューと比較例1で得られたクリームシチューについて、15人の試食による評価を行った。
【0064】
各項目について良好と評価した人数を表1に示す。
【0065】
【表1】

Figure 0004292372
【0066】
表1の結果に示されるように、本発明の発泡性ルウは、口当たりや食感、後口などにおいて、格別の効果を奏することが明らかとなった。
【0067】
【発明の効果】
本発明の発泡性ルウによれば、従来のルウに比べて、ルウの溶解時間が格段に短くなるという優れた効果を有する。また細かく割る、砕く等の従来のルウの調理に要していた手間が省けるという利点も有する。
【0068】
また、本発明の発泡性ルウは、口当たりが軽く、後口のあっさりした、これまでにない独特の食感を有する食品を提供する。
【0069】
このように、本発明の発泡性ルウは、従来のルウにない優れた特徴を有するものである。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to roux having excellent solubility and a new texture.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, instant roux is manufactured by adding flavor raw materials such as seasonings and spices to wheat flour roux obtained by heating and mixing starch and other raw materials such as fat and wheat flour at 100 ° C. or higher, and solidifying by cooling. These roux are generally difficult to dissolve at the time of cooking, and it takes time and labor to cook, such as breaking the roux and finely crushing with a kitchen knife so that it cannot be left undissolved. In addition, in the case of solid instant roux, fluidity is required when filling into a container, so the amount of oil / fat is required to be 25% by weight or more with respect to 100% by weight of raw material, but the amount of oil / fat is large. For this reason, some consumers pointed out that while it was evaluated for its unique heavy and rich taste and aroma, it was oily at the time of eating and the back was heavy.
[0003]
On the other hand, some effervescent foods have been proposed, food in an aerosol container (see Patent Documents 1 and 2) that traps air in a container and generates bubbles with pressure, and an effervescent powdered beverage using a gas-containing effervescent creaming powder (Refer patent document 3), the foaming creamer for drinks (refer patent document 4) etc. which generate | occur | produce a carbon dioxide by reaction of carbonate and an organic acid were known.
[0004]
However, types of these effervescent foods are limited to some foods and beverages filled in aerosol containers.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-148662 [0006]
[Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 64-86833
[Patent Document 3]
JP-T-11-503920 Publication [0008]
[Patent Document 4]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-066531 [0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The main object of the present invention is to provide a new textured roux that has good solubility during cooking and is light to the mouth.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have made extensive studies. As a result, in the roux including the step of heating and mixing these raw materials using fats and oils, starch-based raw materials and flavor raw materials, it was found that the object can be achieved by including a foaming component, and the present invention is completed. It was.
[0011]
That is, the present invention relates to the following matters.
[0012]
1. A foamable roux comprising an oil, a starch-based raw material, a flavor raw material, and a foaming component.
[0013]
2. Item 2. The foamable roux according to item 1, wherein the foaming component is (1) a gas-containing foamable powder or (2) an organic acid and carbonate.
[0014]
3. Item 2. The foamable roux according to item 1, wherein the foaming component is (1) a gas-containing foamable powder and (2) an organic acid and carbonate.
[0015]
4). A method for producing effervescent roux characterized by adding a flavor raw material and a foaming component to a wheat flour roux prepared by heating and mixing an oil and a starch-based raw material.
[0016]
5. Item 4 wherein a gas-containing foaming powder is used as a foaming component, a flavor raw material is added to and mixed with wheat flour prepared by heating and mixing oils and starch-based materials, and then the gas-containing foaming powder is added and further mixed. A method for producing effervescent roux as described in 1.
[0017]
6). An organic acid and carbonate are used as foaming components, and wheat flour roux prepared by heating and mixing oils and starch-based raw materials is flavored with (i) a raw material containing an organic acid and (ii) a raw material containing a carbonate. Item 5. The method for producing foamable roux according to item 4, which is mixed with the raw material and added separately.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
[0019]
Foamable roux The foamable roux of the present invention is characterized by containing fats and oils, starch-based raw materials, flavor raw materials, and foaming components. The form of the foamable roux of the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, a solid form, a liquid form, a paste form, a powder form, a flake form, a granular form, or the like. For example, it can be solidified into an instant roux.
[0020]
If necessary, the foamable roux of the present invention is cooked by adding water and various ingredients, and used for cooking curry, stew, hashed beef, soup, sauce and the like.
[0021]
Foaming component The foaming component contained in the roux of the present invention is a component that generates bubbles by heating and / or mixing in the presence of moisture. Examples of the foaming component include gas-containing foaming powder, organic acid and carbonate.
[0022]
(1) Gas-containing foaming powder In the present invention, the gas-containing foaming powder contains a gas such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide, and forms a foam layer by releasing the contained gas when dissolved in a liquid. It refers to a powder raw material having a moisture content of 10% by weight or less. For example, as a powder raw material having a gas-containing foaming function, creamy powder, which is a milk processing raw material obtained by adding vegetable oils and sugars to dairy products such as skim milk powder, and processed starch having a gas-containing foaming function , Beef powder, vegetable extract powder or seasoning powder.
[0023]
The gas-containing foaming powder mainly plays the role of introducing bubbles into the tissue when the starch gelatinizes.
[0024]
When only the gas-containing foaming powder is used as the foaming component, the amount of the gas-containing foaming powder is preferably 5 to 30% by weight, more preferably 10 to 20% by weight based on 100% by weight of the raw material. Is more preferable.
[0025]
When the amount of the gas-containing foaming powder added is too small, the foaming amount is insufficient and the foam persistence is lowered. When the amount is too large, foamability and foam persistence are good, but due to an increase in the viscosity of the roux at the time of manufacture, there are problems in production such as loss of fluidity and difficulty in filling. Moreover, the problem on flavor, such as the flavor of foaming powder becoming too strong, generate | occur | produces.
[0026]
(2) Organic acid and carbonate In the present specification, carbonate means a carbonate salt. There are three types of carbonates: normal salt M I 2 CO 3 , bicarbonate (acid salt) M I HCO 3 , and carbonate hydroxide salt (basic salt) mM I 2 CO 3 · nM I OH. Carbonate is decomposed by acid and releases carbon dioxide. Examples of carbonates include ammonium carbonate, potassium carbonate, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate hydroxide, ammonium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate and the like.
[0027]
In this specification, an organic acid refers to an organic compound that exhibits acidity. The organic acid has an acidic functional group such as carboxylic acid RCOOH, sulfonic acid RSO 3 H, sulfinic acid RSO 2 H, and the like. Examples of organic acids include acetic acid, citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, succinic acid and the like.
[0028]
Organic acids and carbonates as foaming components mainly play a role of promoting the solubility of roux.
[0029]
The amount of carbonate added is not particularly limited as long as the foaming amount is good, but considering that the amount does not affect the taste, it is preferably 2 to 10% by weight relative to 100% by weight of the raw material, 3 to It is more preferable to add 5% by weight. When there is too much addition amount of carbonate, the problem on the flavor that the salty taste of carbonate will become strong generate | occur | produces.
[0030]
The addition amount of the organic acid is not particularly limited as long as the foaming amount is good, but is preferably 0.5 to 2.0% by weight with respect to 100% by weight of the raw material, and 0.5 to 1.5% with respect to 100% by weight of the raw material other than the organic acid. It is more preferable to add by weight%. When there is too much addition amount of an organic acid, the problem on the flavor that acidity will become strong generate | occur | produces.
[0031]
Even when only gas-containing foaming powder is used as the foaming component, or when only an organic acid and carbonate are used, sufficient foaming amount and sustainability of the foam can be obtained. Compared with the case where it is added alone, the foaming amount and the persistence of the foam are further improved. Moreover, by using together, the solubility of roux at the time of cooking becomes better, and it is excellent in the texture that the mouthfeel is light while leaving the rich and rich taste and aroma peculiar to instant roux.
[0032]
When (i) a gas-containing foaming powder and (ii) an organic acid and carbonate are used in combination as foaming components, the addition amount thereof is 5% with respect to 100% by weight of the raw material. ~ 30 wt%, preferably 10-20 wt%, carbonate is 2-10 wt%, preferably 3-5 wt%, organic acid is 0.5-2.0 wt%, preferably 0.5-1.5 wt% From the viewpoints of solubility, flavor and texture.
[0033]
Fats and oils The fats and oils used in the present invention are not particularly limited. For example, animal fats and oils such as butter, beef tallow and lard, vegetable oils such as rapeseed oil, soybean oil and palm oil, or natural fats and oils of these natural fats and oils. Oils and fats that have been processed such as a mixture or hydrogenation can be used.
[0034]
From the viewpoint of flavor and processing suitability, these fats and oils are blended in instant roux at 20 to 50% by weight, preferably 25 to 45% by weight, more preferably 30 to 40% by weight with respect to 100% by weight of the raw material. preferable.
[0035]
Starch-based raw material The starch-based raw material used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it provides thickening to the sauce after cooking. For example, ground starch such as potato starch, tapioca starch, sweet potato starch, waste starch, corn starch, wheat starch, ground starch such as rice starch (such as glutinous rice starch, sticky rice starch, etc.), crosslinked starch, esterified starch, etherification Examples include modified starches such as starch, soluble starch, and bleached starch. Examples of cereal flours include wheat flour, rye flour, buckwheat flour, rice flour, corn flour, foam flour and acne flour. The starch-based raw material preferably contains wheat flour, more preferably wheat flour. The flour may be any of strong flour, medium flour, and weak flour, but the weak flour is preferred.
[0036]
As the starch-based material, one or more starch-based materials can be selected and used as necessary.
[0037]
The starch-based raw material is preferably added in an amount of 7 to 35% by weight, preferably 10 to 30% by weight, and more preferably 20 to 30% by weight with respect to 100% by weight of the raw material.
[0038]
Flavor raw material In the present specification, the flavor raw material refers to a food material used to give flavor to roux. A foodstuff refers to an edible article.
[0039]
Examples of flavor raw materials include moisture-containing ingredients and other ingredients, seasoning ingredients, flavor ingredients, and the like. Seasoning ingredients include seasonings and other seasoning ingredients. For example, food additives, protein hydrolysates, salt, bouillon, ketchup, soy sauce and the like are included. In addition, the flavor raw materials include flavoring raw materials such as spices and spice extracts.
[0040]
The flavor raw material preferably does not contain starch-based raw materials. Moreover, the flavor raw material may be unheated or may be heated.
[0041]
Specifically, various extracts and powders such as salt, sugar, sodium glutamate, bouillon, curry powder, livestock meat, vegetables and fruits, which are commonly used when producing stew, curry, hashed beef, soup, sauce, etc. Examples thereof include pastes, liquids, and milk-based raw materials.
[0042]
The dairy ingredients refer to any milk and dairy products known in the art and foods made from these. Milk refers to raw milk, milk, special milk, partially skimmed milk, skimmed milk, and processed milk. Dairy products are cream, cheese, concentrated whey, concentrated milk, defatted condensed milk, sugar-free condensed milk, sugar-free defatted condensed milk, sweetened condensed milk, sweetened defatted condensed milk, whole powdered milk, defatted powdered milk, cream powder, whey powder, protein concentrated whey powder , Buttermilk powder, cheese powder, sweetened powdered milk, prepared powdered milk, fermented milk, lactic acid bacteria beverage, and milk beverage. The foods mainly composed of milk and dairy products are 5% by weight or more, preferably 10% by weight or more, more preferably 20% by weight or more, more preferably, based on the weight of food in the foods. A food containing 40% by weight or more, more preferably 50% by weight or more, more preferably 60% by weight or more, more preferably 70% by weight or more. Specifically, creaming powder, milk sauce, cream cheese sauce, etc. can give.
[0043]
In order to adjust the flavor of the target roux, one or more kinds of flavor raw materials can be appropriately selected and used as necessary.
[0044]
These flavor raw materials are preferably blended in an amount of 10 to 50% by weight, preferably 15 to 40% by weight, and more preferably 20 to 35% by weight with respect to 100% by weight of the raw materials.
[0045]
Other components Additives, foodstuffs, and food materials contained in known foods can be appropriately added to the roux of the present invention as desired. Examples of the additive include an emulsifier, a preservative, a fragrance, a colorant, and an antioxidant.
[0046]
Method for producing effervescent luu The method for producing effervescent luu of the present invention is not particularly limited, but normally, a flavor raw material and a foaming component are added to wheat flour roux prepared by heating and mixing oils and starches. In addition, it is manufactured by mixing.
[0047]
For example, starch-based raw materials such as fats and fats and wheat flour are heated to 100 ° C or higher, mixed with wheat flour roux mixed for an appropriate period of time, and then mixed with raw materials containing flavor raw materials and foaming ingredients, and then cooled to 50-60 ° C for production Is done.
[0048]
Here, "wheat flour roux" means what is obtained by heating the wheat flour roux raw material containing fats and oils and a starch system raw material. Flour roux is sometimes called white roux, white roux, brown roux in this field. In the present specification, the term “flour flour” is used according to the practice in the art, but the flour flour does not necessarily contain flour. An appropriate flavor raw material, for example, onion powder or the like, may be appropriately mixed with the wheat flour.
[0049]
The mixing conditions for producing the wheat flour can be set as appropriate, but are usually 10 to 120 minutes at a temperature of 100 to 150 ° C., preferably 10 to 120 minutes at a temperature of 100 to 140 ° C., more preferably 110 to It is carried out at a temperature of 135 ° C. for 20 to 100 minutes, most preferably at a temperature of 120 to 130 ° C. for 40 to 70 minutes.
[0050]
In addition, the conditions for mixing and cooling the flavor raw material and the raw material containing the foaming component to the flour roux can be set as appropriate, but usually the flavor raw material and the foaming component are added in order and mixed to 50-60 ° C. Cool for ~ 120 minutes. More preferably, it cools to 50-60 degreeC over 30-100 minutes.
[0051]
The mixer and the cooler are not particularly limited as long as they can stir, mix, and exchange heat uniformly and heat.
[0052]
When a gas-containing foaming powder is used as the foaming component, its addition method is not particularly limited as long as foaming is good, but the flour roux prepared by heating and mixing oil and starch-based materials to 100 ° C or higher. In addition, in the final stage of the process of adding flavor raw materials such as seasonings and spices and cooling and mixing, it is preferable to add the gas-containing foaming powder, stir and mix so as to be uniform, and then further cool and mix.
[0053]
By adding at the final stage of the cooling and mixing process, (1) the product temperature is lowered to around 70 ° C at the final stage, so that denaturation due to heat can be prevented. (2) The stirring is short in the final stage. Therefore, advantages such as prevention of tissue destruction due to agitation and (3) prevention of foaming by reaction with moisture are exhibited.
[0054]
When using an organic acid and a carbonate as the foaming component, it is necessary to select an addition method so that the organic acid and the carbonate do not come into contact with each other in the roux. When organic acids and carbonates are present in contact with ruo, it is possible that these components will dissolve and react in some water contained in the ruo, and the finished product may not foam. is there.
[0055]
As a specific addition method in the case of using an organic acid and a carbonate as a foaming component, (i) a raw material containing an organic acid, and (ii) ) A method including adding a carbonate-containing raw material separately from a flavor raw material and the like. In this case, the flavor raw material may be mixed only in (i), or may be mixed only in (ii). Moreover, you may mix in both (i) and (ii). In addition, (i) and (ii) may contain not only flavor raw materials but also other raw materials such as gas-containing foaming powder and other components such as additives.
[0056]
As a foaming component, a gas-containing foaming powder, an organic acid and a carbonate are used in combination as a manufacturing method. In the flour roux prepared by heating and mixing oils and starches, (i) organic (Ii) a method of adding a gas-containing foaming powder and a raw material containing carbonate and further cooling and mixing after adding a raw material containing an acid and a flavor raw material; and a fat and starch-based raw material (I) After adding a raw material containing carbonate and a flavor raw material to the flour flour prepared by heating and mixing, cooling and mixing, (ii) adding a gas-containing foaming powder and a raw material containing an organic acid And a method of further cooling and mixing.
[0057]
【Example】
Hereinafter, although an example and a comparative example are given and the present invention is explained still more concretely, the present invention is not limited to these examples.
[0058]
Example 1
Oil and fat (lard) 31% by weight, wheat flour 29% by weight, and onion powder 0.5% by weight were mixed and heated to 120 ° C. over 40 minutes in a heating kettle with an oblique axis stirrer to produce wheat flour roux.
[0059]
This flour roux is transferred to a cooling kettle equipped with an oblique axis stirrer, 6% salt, 8% sugar, 0.8% chicken bouillon, 4% skim milk powder, 3% cheese powder, 4% whey powder, dl- Add 0.5% malic acid and 0.2% fragrance and mix. Furthermore, in the final stage of the cooling and mixing process, 10% by weight of the gas-containing foaming creaming powder and 3% by weight of sodium bicarbonate are added to the premixed mix, and when uniform, after cooling to 55 ° C, the tray is filled. A cream stew was prepared by cooling and solidifying. If the above-mentioned instant cream stew 200g (10 dishes) is divided into 8 equal parts, water and ingredients are added to the boiled food to produce fine bubbles, and the roux is short without using cooking utensils (onion balls). Dissolved completely in time (40 seconds). When the starch was gelatinized as the heating continued, the bubbles entered the starch structure, resulting in a creamy stew with a light mouthfeel while leaving a rich and rich flavor and aroma unique to roux.
[0060]
Comparative Example 1
Oil and fat (lard) 31% by weight, wheat flour 29% by weight, and onion powder 0.5% by weight were mixed and heated to 120 ° C. over 40 minutes in an addition heating kettle with an oblique axis stirrer to produce wheat flour roux.
[0061]
Transfer this flour roux to a cooling kettle with an oblique axis stirrer, 6% salt, 8% sugar, 1.3% chicken bouillon, 4% skim milk powder, 3% cheese powder, 4% whey powder, creaming powder 13 wt% and fragrance 0.2 wt% were added and mixed uniformly, cooled to 55 ° C, filled in a tray, and cooled and solidified to produce cream stew. The above-mentioned instant cream stew 200g (10 servings) divided into 8 equal parts is added to water, ingredients and boiled in the usual way, and completely dissolved until there is no undissolved using cooking utensils (onion) Took about 6 minutes. The cream stew obtained by subsequent heating had trolley properties and a rich and rich taste.
[0062]
As shown in the results of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, it was revealed that the foaming roux of the present invention has a significantly shorter dissolution time than the conventional roux.
[0063]
Further, in order to clarify the effect of the foamable roux of the present invention on food, the cream stew obtained in Example 1 and the cream stew obtained in Comparative Example 1 were evaluated by 15 tastings. .
[0064]
Table 1 shows the number of people who evaluated each item as good.
[0065]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004292372
[0066]
As shown in the results of Table 1, it has been clarified that the foamable roux of the present invention has a special effect in mouthfeel, texture, rear mouth and the like.
[0067]
【The invention's effect】
According to the foamable roux of this invention, it has the outstanding effect that the melt | dissolution time of roux becomes markedly short compared with the conventional roux. In addition, there is an advantage that it is possible to save the labor required for the conventional cooking of roux such as finely breaking and crushing.
[0068]
In addition, the foamable roux of the present invention provides a food having a unique texture that has never been seen, with a light mouthfeel and a light back mouth.
[0069]
Thus, the foamable roux of the present invention has excellent characteristics not found in conventional roux.

Claims (7)

油脂、澱粉系原料、風味原料及び発泡成分を含有する発泡性ルウであって
油脂の配合量が原料100重量%に対し20〜50重量%であり、
澱粉系原料の配合量が原料100重量%に対し7〜35重量%であり、
発泡成分が、(1)気体を含有し、液体に溶解する際、含有する気体を放出することにより泡を生じさせる水分10重量%以下の粉末原料及び(2)有機酸及び炭酸塩である発泡性ルウ。
A foamable roux containing fats and oils, starch-based materials, flavor materials and foaming components ,
The amount of fats and oils is 20 to 50% by weight with respect to 100% by weight of the raw material,
The compounding amount of the starch-based raw material is 7 to 35% by weight with respect to 100% by weight of the raw material,
When the foaming component contains (1) a gas and dissolves in a liquid, the foaming material is a powder raw material having a water content of 10% by weight or less that generates bubbles by releasing the contained gas, and (2) a foam that is an organic acid and carbonate. Sex roux.
油脂と澱粉系原料を加熱混合して調製した小麦粉ルウに、風味原料及び発泡成分を加えて混合する、
油脂の配合量が原料100重量%に対し20〜50重量%であり、
澱粉系原料の配合量が原料100重量%に対し7〜35重量%である
発泡性ルウの製造方法であって、
発泡成分が、(1)気体を含有し、液体に溶解する際、含有する気体を放出することにより泡を生じさせる水分10重量%以下の粉末原料及び(2)有機酸及び炭酸塩である製造方法。
To the flour flour prepared by heating and mixing oils and starch materials, add flavor ingredients and foaming ingredients, and mix.
The amount of fats and oils is 20 to 50% by weight with respect to 100% by weight of the raw material,
The method for producing foamable roux, wherein the amount of starch-based raw material is 7 to 35% by weight with respect to 100% by weight of the raw material ,
Production in which the foaming component is (1) a powder raw material containing 10% by weight or less of water and (2) an organic acid and carbonate that generates bubbles by releasing the contained gas when dissolved in a liquid. Method.
油脂と澱粉系原料を加熱混合して調製した小麦粉ルウに、
(i)有機酸及び風味原料を含有する原料を添加して冷却混合した後、
(ii)気体を含有し、液体に溶解する際、含有する気体を放出することにより泡を生じさせる水分10重量%以下の粉末原料及び炭酸塩を含有する原料を添加して、更に冷却混合する
請求項に記載の製造方法。
In wheat flour roux prepared by heating and mixing oils and starch raw materials,
(I) After adding a raw material containing an organic acid and a flavor raw material and cooling and mixing,
(Ii) When a gas is contained and dissolved in a liquid, a powder raw material having a water content of 10% by weight or less and a raw material containing carbonate are generated by releasing the contained gas, and further cooled and mixed. The manufacturing method according to claim 2 .
油脂と澱粉系原料を加熱混合して調製した小麦粉ルウに、
(i)炭酸塩及び風味原料を含有する原料を添加して冷却混合した後、
(ii)気体を含有し、液体に溶解する際、含有する気体を放出することにより泡を生じさせる水分10重量%以下の粉末原料及び有機酸を含有する原料を添加して、更に冷却混合する
請求項に記載の製造方法。
In wheat flour roux prepared by heating and mixing oils and starch raw materials,
(I) After adding a raw material containing carbonate and a flavor raw material and cooling and mixing,
(Ii) When a gas is contained and dissolved in a liquid, a powder raw material having a moisture content of 10% by weight or less and a raw material containing an organic acid are generated by releasing the contained gas, and further cooled and mixed. The manufacturing method according to claim 2 .
請求項2〜4のいずれかに記載の方法により製造された発泡性ルウ。The foamable roux manufactured by the method in any one of Claims 2-4 . 前記(1)の気体を含有し、液体に溶解する際、含有する気体を放出することにより泡を生じさせる水分10重量%以下の粉末原料の量が、原料100重量%に対し、5〜30重量%であり、When the gas (1) is contained and dissolved in a liquid, the amount of the powder raw material having a water content of 10% by weight or less that generates bubbles by releasing the contained gas is 5-30% with respect to 100% by weight of the raw material. % By weight
前記(2)の炭酸塩の量が、原料100重量%に対し、2〜10重量%であり、有機酸の量が、原料100重量%に対し、0.5〜2.0重量%であるThe amount of the carbonate of (2) is 2 to 10% by weight with respect to 100% by weight of the raw material, and the amount of the organic acid is 0.5 to 2.0% by weight with respect to 100% by weight of the raw material.
請求項1に記載の発泡性ルウ。The foamable roux according to claim 1.
油脂の配合量が原料100重量%に対し31〜50重量%である、請求項1に記載の発泡性ルウ。2. The foamable roux according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the fat is 31 to 50% by weight with respect to 100% by weight of the raw material.
JP2003071579A 2003-03-17 2003-03-17 Effervescent roux Expired - Lifetime JP4292372B2 (en)

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