JP4291116B2 - Operation number control device and method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an operation number control apparatus and method for controlling the number of operating heat source units based on a required load amount such as a load heat amount and a load flow rate required by an external load.

  Conventionally, in tenant buildings, etc., a heat source system that has a plurality of heat source machines and a pump provided as an auxiliary machine for each of these heat source machines is provided as a main component, and the heat source water pumped from the pump is cooled by the heat source machine. Or it heats, mixes in an outward header, and supplies it to external loads, such as an air conditioner and a fan coil, via an outward water pipe line. The heat source water subjected to heat exchange in the external load is returned to the return header through the return water pipe, and is pumped again by the pump, and circulates through the above path. For example, when the heat source machine is a refrigerator, the heat source water is cold water and circulates through the above-described path. When the heat source machine is a heater, the heat source water is warm water and circulates in the above-described path (for example, see Patent Document 1).

  This heat source system is provided with an operating number control device for controlling the operating number of heat source machines. The operating number control device includes the temperature of the heat source water from the forward header to the external load (forward water temperature) TS, the temperature of the heat source water returned to the return header (return water temperature) TR, and the flow rate of the heat source water returned to the return header ( The current load heat quantity Q is obtained from the load flow rate F and F × (TR−TS) = Q, and the heat source is determined according to the obtained current load heat quantity Q or the load flow quantity F (Q, F: required load quantity). Control the number of operating machines.

  For example, according to a predetermined operation order table, the heat source unit of the designated rank 1 is operated until the load flow rate F reaches the predetermined value F1, and if the load flow rate F exceeds the predetermined value F1, the designated rank No. 1 is operated. In addition to the heat source machine, the operation of the heat source machine of the designated rank 2 is started. When the operation of the heat source machine is started, the operation of the pump that is an auxiliary machine of the heat source machine is also started.

  In the control of the number of operating heat source units, the number of operating heat source units at the start of the day is fixedly determined based on the control start operation schedule and the calendar. For example, the calendar determines whether the day is a weekday or a holiday, and if the day is a weekday, the start date of the day is determined according to the control start operation schedule that is uniformly set for each season for all weekdays. Determine the number of cars to operate. Similarly, if the current day is a holiday, the number of units to be started at that day is determined in accordance with a control start operation schedule that is uniformly determined for every holiday for each season.

  The control start operation schedule defines the start time (control start time) of the type of day (weekday, holiday, etc.) to which the control start operation schedule is applied and the number of operating heat source units at that time. In addition, in the control start operation schedule, the number of operating heat source units at the start of the day of the type to which the control start operation schedule is applied is the forecast of the day that is fixed for each season with respect to the season. It is determined based on the heat load to be a comfortable environment at the time of starting (see, for example, Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3).

JP 2002-98358 A JP-A-8-86490 JP 2002-22239 A

  As described above, in the conventional heat source unit operation number control device, the number of heat source units at the start of the day is determined for each type of day such as weekdays and holidays, and for each season. However, the number of operating heat source units at the time of starting is the same for all weekdays in the same season, for example, when the day is a weekday. For this reason, the number of operating heat source units at the start is too large, such as at the turn of the season, and problems such as excessive heating and excessive cooling using excess energy have occurred. On the other hand, the number of operating heat source units at the start is too small, the target temperature is not reached at the start, and there is a problem that unpleasantness is given to residents. This is true not only when starting, but also when the number of operating heat source units at a desired time of the day such as overtime is determined.

  The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and the object of the present invention is to be able to determine the number of operating heat source units at a desired time of the day without excess or deficiency every day. It is to provide a control device and method.

In order to achieve such an object, the present invention provides an actual value of a required load amount after a lapse of a predetermined time from the control start time of each past day and a required load amount a predetermined time before the control end time of each past day. Is stored as a load after a certain period of control start and a load before a certain period of control end, respectively, and according to the type of the current day, the load after a certain period of control start for the most recent day of the same type is read and read. The number of operating heat source units at the control start time on the current day is determined based on the load after a certain control start time elapses, and the control end constant time preload for the most recent day of the same type is read according to the type of the current day, The number of operating heat source units at a predetermined time before the control end time on the current day is determined based on the read control end predetermined time preload .
In the present invention, the number of operating heat source units at the control start time on the current day and the predetermined time before the control end time is determined based on the load after the control start fixed time elapses on the same type of day as the most recent day and the load before the control end fixed time. Will be. That is, if the current day is a weekday and the previous day is also a weekday, the heat source machine at the control start time and the control end constant time before the current day based on the load after a certain period of control start of the previous day and the load before the control end of a predetermined time. The number of operating units is determined. Also, if the current day is a Sunday, the heat source machine at the control start time and the control end fixed time before the current day based on the load after a certain period of control start on the previous day (Saturday (holiday)) and the load before the control end fixed time. The number of operating units is determined. Also, if the day is, for example, the anniversary of the foundation (special day), the control start time and the control end time before The number of operating heat source units at the time is determined.

According to the present invention, based on the control start time and the control end fixed time control start a certain time after the load and the control terminates a predetermined time before the load before the day the number of operating the heat source apparatus of the most recent in time and the same type of day day This makes it possible to determine the number of operating heat source units at the control start time of the day and the time before the end of the control end time without excess or deficiency every day, realizing energy saving and a comfortable environment. Will be able to provide.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an instrumentation diagram showing an embodiment of a heat source system including an operating number control device according to the present invention. In the figure, 1-1 to 1-N are heat source machines that generate heat source water, 2-1 to 2-N are pumps that transport the heat source water generated by the heat source apparatuses 1-1 to 1-N, 3-1. ˜3-N is an inverter attached to the pumps 2-1 to 2-N, 4 is a forward header for mixing the heat source water from the heat source devices 1-1 to 1-N, 5 is a forward conduit, and 6 is a forward header 4 is an external load that receives the supply of heat source water that is sent from 4 through the outgoing water pipe 5 (a heat load such as a district cooling / heating consumer or an air conditioner / fan coil), and 7 is a return water pipe. The external load 6 is provided with a valve 6-1 for adjusting the flow rate of supplied heat source water.

  8 is a return header in which heat is exchanged in the external load 6 and returned to the heat source water sent via the return water pipe 7, 9 is a bypass pipe that connects the forward header 4 and the return header 8, and 10 is a bypass pipe 9 is a bypass valve, 11 is a differential pressure gauge for measuring the pressure difference ΔP of the heat source water between the forward header 4 and the return header 8 (inter-header differential pressure) ΔP, and 12 is a differential pressure gauge from the forward header 4 to the external load 6 A forward water temperature sensor that measures the temperature of the heat source water as the forward water temperature TS, 13 is a return water temperature sensor that measures the temperature of the heat source water returned to the return header 8 as the return water temperature TR, and 14 is returned to the return header 8. A flow meter 15 for measuring the flow rate of the heat source water (the flow rate of the heat source water supplied to the external load 6) as the load flow rate F, 15 is a control device.

  In this heat source system, the heat source water pumped by the pumps 2-1 to 2 -N is cooled or heated by the heat source devices 1-1 to 1 -N, mixed in the forward header 4, and passed through the forward water pipe 5. Supplied to external load 6. And it heat-exchanges in the external load 6, returns to the return header 8 via the return water pipe 7, is pumped again by the pumps 2-1 to 2-N, and circulates the above path. For example, when the heat source devices 1-1 to 1-N are refrigerators, the heat source water is cold water and circulates through the above-described path. When the heat source devices 1-1 to 1-N are heaters, the heat source water is warm water and circulates through the above-described path.

[Constant pressure control by pump speed]
The control device 15 monitors the inter-header differential pressure ΔP measured by the differential pressure gauge 11, and controls the rotational speeds of the pumps 2-1 to 2-N so that the inter-header differential pressure ΔP is constant. That is, the header differential pressure ΔPpv measured by the differential pressure gauge 11 is compared with a preset differential pressure ΔPsp, and an inverter output (0 to 0-3) is set so that ΔPpv = ΔPsp. ~ 100%) to control the rotational speed of the pumps 2-1 to 2-N. This is called constant pressure control based on the pump rotation speed. In this constant pressure control based on the pump speed, a 0% bypass valve opening degree output is sent from the control device 15 to the bypass valve 10 to fully close the bypass valve 10.

[Control of the number of operating heat source units]
The control device 15 calculates F × (TR−TS) = Q from the incoming water temperature TS from the incoming water temperature sensor 12, the return water temperature TR from the return water temperature sensor 12, and the load flow rate F from the flow meter 14. The current load heat quantity Q is obtained, and the number of operating heat source devices 1-1 to 1-N is determined according to the obtained current load heat quantity Q or the load flow rate F (Q, F: required load quantity) from the flow meter 14. Control. For example, according to a predetermined operation order table, the heat source unit 1-1 of the designated rank 1 is operated until the load flow rate F reaches a predetermined value F1, and if the load flow rate F exceeds the predetermined value F1, the heat source unit In addition to 1-1, the operation of the heat source machine 1-2 of the designated rank 2 is started. When the operation of the heat source device 1-2 is started, the operation of the pump 2-2 that is an auxiliary device of the heat source device 1-2 is also started. In this embodiment, the number of operating heat source units is controlled based on the load flow rate F.

[Constant pressure control by bypass valve opening]
For example, when the flow rate of the heat source water required by the external load 6 decreases during operation of the two heat source devices 1-1 and 1-2, the header differential pressure ΔPpv increases, so that ΔPpv = ΔPsp. In addition, the control device 15 reduces the inverter output to the pump 2-2. Even if the inverter output to the pump 2-2 reaches a preset lower limit value, if the flow rate required by the external load 6 is still smaller, the control device 15 opens the bypass valve 10 and the differential pressure between the headers. The opening degree of the bypass valve 10 is controlled so that ΔP is constant. This is called constant pressure control based on the opening degree of the bypass valve.

  The control device 15 determines the number of operating heat source units at a certain time before the control start time and the control end time on that day (a time before the control end time) as part of the above-described “heat source unit operation number control” function. It has a function to determine the number of units to be operated. Moreover, the control device 15 performs the actual value F1 of the load flow rate after a predetermined time has elapsed from the control start time of each past day and the actual value F2 of the load flow rate after a predetermined time from the control end time (the operation of the heat source machine with the load heat amount). In the case of controlling the number of units, it has a function of storing the load heat quantity Q1, Q2) as load data. FIG. 3 shows an example of a table storing the past load data for each day. The load flow F1 after a certain time has elapsed from the control start time of the day and the load flow F2 a certain time before the control end time fluctuate depending on the season, and the control device 15 uses the actual values F1, F2 of the load flow as load data. Remember every day. The control device 15 is realized by hardware including a processor and a storage device, and software that realizes various functions in cooperation with the hardware.

[Determining the number of units operating at the control start time and the time before the control end time]
FIG. 2 shows a flowchart of the process for determining the number of operating units executed by the control device 15 at the control start time and the predetermined time before the control end time. The control device 15 executes this process every day before reaching the control start time of the day, and determines the number of operating heat source units at the control start time of the day and the number of operating heat source units at the predetermined time before the end of control on the day. To do.

  Hereinafter, according to this flowchart, the process for determining the number of operating units at the control start time and the predetermined time before the control end time executed by the control device 15 will be described. The control device 15 checks whether or not the current day is a weekday before reaching the control start time of the current day (step 201). Whether the current day is a weekday is confirmed according to a calendar (see FIG. 4) stored in advance. If the current day is a weekday, the process proceeds to step 202. If not, the process proceeds to step 206. FIG. 4 shows a calendar for “July 2003”. In this calendar, no mark indicates a weekday, ○ indicates a holiday, and Δ indicates a special day (for example, the anniversary). The control device 15 stores such a calendar for the required number of years.

[If the day is a weekday]
When the control device 15 confirms that the current day is a weekday (YES in step 201), the control device 15 searches for the load data of the latest weekday from the stored load data of each past day, and from the control start time in this load data. The actual value F1 of the load flow rate after a lapse of a certain time is read as a load after the lapse of a certain control start time (step 202). For example, if the current day is July 29, 2003 (Tuesday), the load data for July 28, 2003 (Monday) will be searched for as the load data for the most recent weekday, and the load after a certain time has elapsed since the start of control. Read out

FIG. 5 shows an example of load data on the most recent weekday load curve found. The control device 15 performs the actual value F1 of the load flow rate after a certain time TA (in this example, TA = 2 hours) from the control start time ts (in this example, ts = 8: 00) in this load curve, that is, the control. The actual value AGJ of the load flow rate at time ts _A (in this example, ts _A = 10: 00) after the elapse of a certain start time is read as the load after the elapse of a certain control start time.

Next, the control device 15 records the actual value F2 of the load flow rate before a certain time TB (TB = 2 hours in this example) from the control end time te (in this example, te = 19: 00) in this load curve, That is, the actual value BGJ of the load flow rate at the time te _B before the control end constant time (in this example, te _B = 17: 00) is read out as the load before the control end constant time (step 203).

Then, the control device 15 determines the number of operating heat source units at the control start time ts of the current day based on the load (AGJ) after a certain control start time read out in Step 202 (Step 204). Further, the number of operating heat source devices at the time te _B before the control end fixed time on the current day is determined based on the load (BGJ) before the control end fixed time read in Step 203 (Step 205). In this embodiment, since a load after a certain time of control start and a load before a certain time of control end are obtained as the load flow rate, a necessary heat source is obtained by dividing this load flow rate by the rated flow rate per heat source unit. Find the number of units operating.

[If the day is a holiday]
When the control device 15 confirms that the current day is a holiday (YES in step 206), the control device 15 searches for the load data of the most recent holiday from the stored load data of each past day, and starts from the control start time in this load data. The actual value F1 of the load flow rate after a lapse of a certain time is read as a load after the lapse of a certain control start time (step 207). For example, if the current day is July 27, 2003 (Sunday), the load data for July 26, 2003 (Saturday) is searched as the load data for the most recent holiday, and the load after a certain time has elapsed since the start of control. Read out

FIG. 6 shows an example of load data on the load curve of the latest holiday found. The control device 15 performs the actual value F1 of the load flow rate after a certain time TA (in this example, TA = 2 hours) from the control start time ts (in this example, ts = 10: 00) in this load curve, that is, the control. The actual value AGJ of the load flow rate at time ts _A (in this example, ts _A = 12: 00) after the elapse of the fixed start time is read as the load after the elapse of the fixed control start time.

Next, the control device 15 performs the actual value F2 of the load flow rate before a predetermined time TB (in this example, TB = 2 hours) from the control end time te (in this example, te = 15: 00) in this load curve, That is, the actual value BGJ of the load flow rate at the time te _B before the control end constant time (in this example, te _B = 13: 00) is read as the load before the control end constant time (step 208).

Then, the control device 15 determines the number of operating heat source units at the control start time ts of the current day based on the load (AGJ) after a certain control start time read out in Step 207 (Step 204). Further, the number of operating heat source devices at the time te _B before the control end fixed time on that day is determined based on the control end fixed time previous load (BGJ) read out at Step 208 (Step 205).

[If the day is a special day]
When the control device 15 confirms that the current day is a special day (NO in step 206), the control device 15 searches for the load data of the latest special day from the stored load data of the past special day, and starts control based on the load data. The actual value F1 of the load flow rate after a lapse of a certain time from the time is read as a load after the lapse of a certain control start time (step 209). For example, if the day is July 1, 2003 and the founding anniversary, the load data of July 1, 2002 is searched as the load data of the most recent founding anniversary, and the load after a certain time has elapsed since the start of control from this load data. Read out

FIG. 7 shows an example of load data on the load curve of the most recent special day searched for. The control device 15 performs the actual value F1 of the load flow rate after a certain time TA (in this example, TA = 2 hours) from the control start time ts (in this example, ts = 8: 00) in this load curve, that is, the control. The actual value AGJ of the load flow rate at time ts _A (in this example, ts _A = 10: 00) after the elapse of a certain start time is read as the load after the elapse of a certain control start time.

Next, the control device 15 performs the actual value F2 of the load flow rate before a certain time TB (TB = 2 hours in this example) from the control end time te (in this example, te = 17: 00) in the load curve, That is, the actual value BGJ of the load flow rate at the time te _B before the control end fixed time (in this example, te _B = 15: 00) is read as the control end constant time preload (step 210).

Then, the control device 15 determines the number of operating heat source units at the control start time ts on the current day based on the load (AGJ) after a certain control start time read out in Step 209 (Step 204). Further, the number of operating heat source devices at the time te _B before the control end fixed time on that day is determined based on the control end constant time preload (BGJ) read out at step 210 (step 205).

  As can be seen from the above description, according to the present embodiment, the number of operating heat source units at the control start time of the day is based on the load (AGJ) after a certain period of control start on the same type of day as the most recent day. Therefore, the number of operating heat source units at the start of control (at the start) is neither too much nor too little. In addition, since the number of operating heat source machines at the time before the control end time of the current day is determined based on the control end constant time preload (BGJ) of the same type as the most recent day, before the control end (for example, overtime) The number of operating heat source machines is not too high or too low. As described above, according to the present embodiment, the number of operating heat source units at the control start time and the control end time before the end of the day can be determined every day without excess or deficiency, realizing energy saving and a comfortable environment. Will be able to provide.

  In the embodiment described above, July 29, 2003 (Tue) was taken as an example when the day is a weekday. However, if the day is July 28, 2003 (Monday), the most recent weekday is It will be Friday, July 25, 2003. In addition, when the day is a holiday, July 27, 2003 (Sunday) is taken as an example. However, if the day is July 26, 2003 (Saturday), the most recent holiday is July 21, 2003 ( Sea day).

  In the embodiment described above, “weekdays”, “holidays”, and “special days” are described as examples of the same type of day, but “day of the week” such as Monday, Tuesday, etc., may be the same type of day. . In the present invention, the same type of day means a day with similar load data.

  In the above-described embodiment, the inverters 3-1 to 3-N are attached to the pumps 2-1 to 2-N. However, the present invention is not limited to such a system. That is, the present invention can be applied to a system in which the inverters 3-1 to 3-N are not attached to the pumps 2-1 to 2-N.

1 is an instrumentation diagram showing an embodiment of a heat source system including an operating number control device according to the present invention. It is a flowchart which shows the control start time of the control apparatus in this heat-source system, and the determination process of the number of operation at the time before control completion fixed time. It is a figure which shows an example of the table which memorize | stored the load data (F1, F2) of each past day. It is a figure which illustrates the calendar which the control device has memorized. It is a figure which shows an example of the load data (F1, F2) of the load curve of a weekday. It is a figure which shows an example of the load data (F1, F2) of the load curve of a holiday. It is a figure which shows an example of the load data (F1, F2) of the load curve of a special day.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 (1-1 to 1-N) ... Heat source machine, 2 (2-1 to 2-N) ... Pump, 3 (3-1 to 3-N) ... Inverter, 4 ... Out header, 5 ... Outbound pipe line , 6 ... external load, 7 ... return water line, 8 ... return header, 9 ... bypass line, 10 ... bypass valve, 11 ... differential pressure gauge, 12 ... outgoing water temperature sensor, 13 ... return water temperature sensor, 14 ... flow rate Total, 15 ... control device.

Claims (2)

The first to Nth (N ≧ 2) heat source units that generate heat source water, the first to Nth pumps that transport the heat source water generated by the first to Nth heat source units, and the first to first units. A forward header that mixes the heat source water from the Nth heat source machine, an external load that receives supply of the heat source water via the forward header, and a return header that returns the heat source water heat-exchanged in the external load In the operation number control device that is used in the heat source system and controls the operation number of the heat source units based on the required load amount required by the external load,
The actual value of the required load amount after a certain time has elapsed from the control start time of each past day and the actual value of the required load amount a certain time before the control end time of each past day, after the predetermined time has elapsed. Storage means for storing the load and the load for a predetermined time before the end of control;
According to the type of the day of the day, the load is read after a certain period of control start for the same day of the most recent day, and the operation of the heat source machine at the control start time of the day is based on the read load after the certain period of control start The number of units is determined, and the control end fixed time preload is read for the day of the same type most recently according to the type of the current day, and a predetermined time from the control end time of the day based on the read control end constant time preload. An operating number control device comprising operating number determining means for determining the operating number of the heat source unit before . The first to Nth (N ≧ 2) heat source units that generate heat source water, the first to Nth pumps that transport the heat source water generated by the first to Nth heat source units, and the first to first units. A forward header that mixes the heat source water from the Nth heat source machine, an external load that receives supply of the heat source water via the forward header, and a return header that returns the heat source water heat-exchanged in the external load In an operation number control method that is applied to a heat source system and controls the operation number of the heat source units based on a required load amount required by the external load ,
The actual value of the required load amount after a certain time has elapsed from the control start time of each past day and the actual value of the required load amount a certain time before the control end time of each past day, after the predetermined time has elapsed. Storing the load and the control end time as a predetermined load;
According to the type of the day of the day, the load is read after a certain period of control start for the same day of the most recent day, and the operation of the heat source machine at the control start time of the day is based on the read load after the certain period of control start The number of units is determined, and the control end fixed time preload is read for the day of the same type most recently according to the type of the current day, and a predetermined time from the control end time of the day based on the read control end constant time preload. Determining the number of operating heat source units before;
A method for controlling the number of operating units .

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