JP4287172B2 - Hydroelectric generator - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a completely new type of hydroelectric power generation apparatus that uses not only the force of water obtained by free fall but also the force of water obtained as a result of energizing flowing water.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a conventional hydroelectric power generation device, for example, provided in a hydroelectric power plant, a water tank mainly composed of a dam levee body and flowing water used for power generation discharged from the water tank through a water intake are led to a water turbine. An apparatus including a water pressure line, a water wheel rotating by flowing water in the water pressure line, and a generator driven by the water wheel is disclosed (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1).
[0003]
[Non-Patent Document 1]
Civil Engineering Handbook II, 4th edition, Gihodo Publishing, November 20, 1993, p. 1670
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in recent years, new demands for hydroelectric power generation have been evoked by the Kyoto Protocol, etc. concluded for the prevention of global warming.
However, in conventional hydroelectric power generation equipment, a drop is necessary for sufficient power generation from the intake to the turbine in the hydraulic pipeline, and such a drop is usually due to construction of a dam or the like using steep landforms. It is only possible to secure the funds, materials, and labor force, and it is practically very difficult to meet such demand by constructing new hydroelectric power generation equipment.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to increase the power generation amount while using a conventional hydroelectric power generation facility.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, a hydroelectric power generation apparatus according to the present invention is:
In a hydroelectric generator that generates electricity by driving a generator by rotating water turbines by guiding water through a pipe with a water head difference so that air is not mixed in,
A vacuum chamber communicating with the pipe line is provided on the downstream side of the water wheel,
Connect a vacuum suction pump to this vacuum chamber,
A drainage pump is provided on the downstream side of the vacuum chamber for draining to secure a substantially vacuum area in the vacuum chamber,
Wherein the vacuum suction pump and the drain pump, Ru rotate accelerating the water wheel by the action of vacuum suction to the water of the conduit from the downstream side of the water wheel, wherein the this.
[0006]
According to such a hydroelectric power generation apparatus, not only due to the water head difference secured by the conventional hydroelectric power generation equipment, but also by applying a vacuum suction force to the water in the pipeline with a vacuum suction pump from the downstream side of the watermill. Can be rotated at an increased speed, so that the amount of power generation is increased while the conventional hydroelectric power generation facility is used.
[0007]
In such technical means, as a guarantee of the function exhibited by the vacuum suction pump, from the viewpoint of more reliably increasing the amount of power generation, a vacuum chamber communicating with the pipe line downstream of the water turbine. It is preferable that a vacuum suction pump is connected to the vacuum chamber.
[0008]
Here, as a vacuum chamber, it communicates with the inside of the pipe line, regardless of what kind of structure is used, as long as it can rotate the water turbine with momentum in running water, The number of locations to be deployed may be selected as appropriate.
[0009]
However, in order to ensure the functions exhibited by the vacuum chamber and the vacuum suction pump, the vacuum chamber protrudes upward from the downstream side of the water turbine in the pipeline from the viewpoint of more reliably increasing the amount of power generation. The vacuum suction pump is preferably one that maintains the remaining portion in a vacuum while holding water inside the vacuum chamber.
[0010]
In this case, from the standpoint of ensuring the function of the vacuum chamber and the vacuum suction pump so that the effect of increasing the amount of power generation can be obtained more reliably, the downstream side of the vacuum chamber or the inside of the vacuum chamber It is preferable that a drainage pump for draining to secure a substantially vacuum area in the vacuum chamber is provided.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0012]
In addition, although the case where a hydroelectric power generation device is used in a pumped storage power plant is described here, it is not limited to this, a pouring power plant, a regulated pond power plant, a storage power plant and other power plants The following explanation is valid even when used in the above.
[0013]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of a hydroelectric generator according to a first embodiment of the present invention (FIG. 1 (a) is a cross-sectional view, FIG. 1 (b) is a plan view), and FIG. 2 is the hydroelectric generator. It is a block diagram which shows the partial structure.
[0014]
In these figures, reference numeral 21 denotes a lower reservoir where the running water used for power generation is discharged.
[0015]
In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the hydroelectric generator is configured to generate a generator (illustrated) by guiding water from the upper reservoir 1 as a water tank and rotating a water turbine 3 through a pipe line 2 having a water head difference. The outside is driven to generate electric power, and a vacuum suction pump 5 is provided that vacuums the inside of the pipe line 2 from the downstream side of the water turbine 3 to rotate the water turbine at a higher speed.
[0016]
Specifically, as shown in the figure, this hydroelectric power generation device is provided in a pumped storage power plant, and includes an upper reservoir 1, a conduit 2 composed of a water conduit 2a and a hydraulic conduit 2b, A water turbine 3, a generator, a vacuum chamber 4, a vacuum suction pump 5, and a drainage pump 6 are provided.
[0017]
That is, as shown in the figure, the hydroelectric power generator is a conventional hydroelectric power generation facility composed of an upper reservoir 1, a conduit 2 composed of a diversion tunnel 2a and a hydraulic conduit 2b, a water turbine 3, and a generator. As a new component, a vacuum chamber 4, a vacuum suction pump 5, and a drainage pump 6 are added, and a conventional hydroelectric power generation facility is used.
[0018]
Hereinafter, each of these components will be described in more detail.
[0019]
(1) Upper reservoir 1
As shown in FIG. 1, the upper reservoir 1 is configured to be provided with a discharge port 1 a for discharging water used for power generation to a pipe line 2 including a water guide tunnel 2 a and a hydraulic pipe line 2 b.
[0020]
Here, the discharge port 1a is disposed at a depth such that no vortex is generated from the surface of the stored water in the upper reservoir 1 (see FIG. 1). In other words, the discharge port 1a is disposed at a depth that does not hinder the function of the vacuum suction pump 5 described later.
[0021]
That is, according to such an outlet 1a, a situation in which air is mixed into the inside of the pipe line 2 when discharging the running water used for power generation is effectively avoided. It will not be diminished.
[0022]
(2) Water guide tunnel 2a and water pressure line 2b
As shown in FIG. 1, the conduit 2 composed of the water guide tunnel 2a and the hydraulic conduit 2b is a flowing water used for power generation from the discharge port 1a, and is taken from the upstream end so as not to mix air. It is configured to fulfill the function of leading to the downstream end.
[0023]
Specifically, the water guide tunnel 2a and the hydraulic pipe line 2b are configured so as to be in a hermetically sealed state that does not hinder the function of the vacuum suction pump 5 described later.
[0024]
That is, according to such a water guide tunnel 2a and a hydraulic pipe line 2b, a situation in which air is mixed from the outside of the pipe line 2 when passing running water used for power generation is effectively avoided, and the power generation amount is increased. The effect will not be diminished.
[0025]
(3) Water wheel 3
As shown in FIG. 2, the water turbine 3 is configured to be rotated by running water used for power generation in the hydraulic line 2 b.
[0026]
Specifically, although not shown in the drawing, there are a plurality of water turbines 3 and a gear train that drives a plurality of generators that are also present at an equal speed. Thereby, in the case where there are a plurality of water turbines 3, the power of the water obtained can be evenly distributed to the water turbines 3 to realize efficient power generation.
[0027]
(4) Generator Although not shown, the generator is configured to be driven by the water turbine 3.
[0028]
Specifically, although not shown, there are a plurality of generators corresponding to each of the plurality of water turbines 3, and are configured to contribute to the realization of efficient power generation together with the plurality of water turbines 3.
[0029]
(5) Vacuum chamber 4
As shown in FIG. 2, the vacuum chamber 4 is configured to communicate with the inside of the water guide tunnel 2a and the hydraulic pipe line 2b through the communication port 4a.
[0030]
And this vacuum chamber 4 is comprised as what is attached with respect to the hydraulic line 2b so that it may protrude upwards from the downstream of the water turbine 3 among the hydraulic lines 2b, as shown in the figure.
[0031]
The vacuum chamber 4 in the present embodiment is not limited to any shape or size as long as it is provided in a manner that protrudes upward from the downstream side of the water turbine 3 in the hydraulic pipeline 2b, but at least vacuum suction It is necessary not to disturb the function of the pump 5.
[0032]
That is, as shown in the figure, the vacuum chamber 4 holds the water inside, and the remaining part is in a vacuum or a state close to this (in this case, the water head in the vacuum state is 10.5) Is 8.5 or more (the same applies hereinafter), and protrudes upward from the downstream side of the water turbine 3 in the hydraulic line 2b.
[0033]
(6) Vacuum suction pump 5
As shown in FIG. 2, the vacuum suction pump 5 is configured to perform a function of maintaining the remaining part in a vacuum or a state close to this while holding water inside the vacuum chamber 4.
[0034]
Specifically, as shown in the figure, the vacuum suction pump 5 is disposed at a position higher than the water surface related to the flowing water held inside the vacuum chamber 4, and is introduced into the vacuum chamber 4 through the suction port. It is configured to communicate.
[0035]
(7) Drainage pump 6
As shown in FIG. 2, the drainage pump 6 is disposed on the downstream side of the vacuum chamber 4 in the pipe line 2, and sucks flowing water in the downstream direction to secure a substantially vacuum area inside the vacuum chamber 4. It is configured so that the suction force can be adjusted.
[0036]
In the present embodiment, as shown in the figure, the reason why the drainage pump 6 is provided in addition to the vacuum suction pump 5 is that the water level in the vacuum chamber rises excessively only by the vacuum suction pump 5. This is because it is considered that there are not a few cases where a substantially vacuum region inside the vacuum chamber 4 cannot be secured.
[0037]
That is, according to such a drainage pump 6, the situation of excessively sucking water used as flowing water is avoided, and the function exhibited by the vacuum suction pump 5 is secured, thereby more reliably. The amount of power generation will increase.
[0038]
Next, the operation of the hydroelectric generator according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
[0039]
First, water used for power generation stored in the upper reservoir 1 is continuously discharged from the discharge port 1a, and at the same time, a pipe line from the upstream end of the water conduit 2a communicating with the upper reservoir 1 through the discharge port 1a. 2 is taken in. The taken-in water becomes running water due to a drop in the hydraulic line 2b and rotates the water turbine 3.
[0040]
At this time, since the discharge port 1a of the upper reservoir 1 is disposed at such a depth that no vortex is generated from the surface of the stored water in the upper reservoir 1, no air is mixed into the water guide tunnel 2a.
[0041]
In such a state, the vacuum suction pump 5 and the drainage pump 6 start their operation.
[0042]
Then, water is held inside the vacuum chamber 4, and at the same time, the remaining part is maintained in a vacuum or a state close thereto.
[0043]
In such a state, when the water surface of the upper reservoir 1 is further pushed by atmospheric pressure and water is taken into the pipe 2 from the upstream end of the water guiding tunnel 2a through the discharge port 1a, the taken water is In addition to being pushed by the atmospheric pressure, the water turbine 3 is rotated at a high speed by flowing down due to a drop between the upstream end of the water guide tunnel 2a and the downstream end of the hydraulic conduit 2b.
[0044]
That is, the atmospheric pressure acts as a load on the water surface in the upper reservoir 1 by the vacuum chamber 4 and the vacuum suction pump 5, and the vacuum chamber 4 is provided on the downstream side of the water turbine 3 in the hydraulic line 2b. Therefore, the flowing water in the pipe line 2 is not only caused by a drop, but also increases the momentum from the upstream end portion of the water guide tunnel 2a by the atmospheric pressure to rotate the turbine 3 at a higher speed.
[0045]
As a result, in addition to the force of water due to the head, the power of water that increases as a result of applying momentum to the running water is also used to perform hydroelectric power generation.
[0046]
Therefore, according to such a hydroelectric generator, not only the head secured by the conventional hydroelectric generator, but also the hydroelectric power is generated by using the vacuum chamber 4 and the vacuum suction pump 5 to force the flowing water as a large water force. As a result, it is possible to increase the power generation capacity of a hydropower plant without creating a new dam or tunnel.
Moreover, since such a hydroelectric generator does not require a large head difference, it is effective for small-scale hydropower generation.
[0047]
Here, regarding the function of the atmospheric pressure acting as a load on the water surface in the upper reservoir 1 by the vacuum chamber 4 and the vacuum suction pump 5, the model (water head difference; H = 0.5 m, inner diameter of the pipe (suction hose)) ; Φ = 16 mm), and the following results were obtained.
That is, in the case of only free fall, the flow rate was 17 liter / min, whereas when the vacuum suction pump was further weighted, the flow rate was 38 liter / min.
According to such experimental results, when the vacuum suction pump is loaded and the running water in the pipeline collides with the water turbine, the water is about twice as large as the water force in the case of only free fall. It was confirmed that the power of
[0048]
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a partial configuration of the hydroelectric generator according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The difference of the present embodiment from the first embodiment is that the communication hole 4a is a communication tube 4b and the drainage pump 6 is provided inside the vacuum chamber 4. As shown in FIG. 3, the vacuum chamber 4 communicates with the inside of the water guide tunnel 2a and the hydraulic pipe line 2b through a communication pipe 4b. The drainage pump 6 in the vacuum chamber 4 communicates with the inside of the water guide tunnel 2a and the hydraulic pipe line 2b through the communication pipe 4c. A drain hole 7 is provided in the upper part of the drain pump 6.
The water in the vacuum chamber 4 that has flowed in from the drain hole 7 is discharged from the communication pipe 4c into the water guide tunnel 2a and the hydraulic pipe line 2b.
[0049]
According to the present embodiment, since the water level in the vacuum chamber 4 can be kept constant by the drainage pump 6 provided in the vacuum chamber 4, the vacuum chamber 4 and the vacuum can be maintained as in the first embodiment. Since the hydroelectric power generation can be performed by using the suction pump 5 as a force of a large amount of water by flowing water, the power generation capacity of the hydroelectric power plant can be increased.
[0050]
【The invention's effect】
According to the hydraulic power generation apparatus of the present invention, since the vacuum suction pump that rotates the water turbine at a higher speed by applying the vacuum suction force to the water in the pipe line from the downstream side of the water turbine is provided, the conventional hydroelectric power generation equipment is used. The amount of power generation will increase.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram (FIG. 1 (a) is a cross-sectional view, and FIG. 1 (b) is a plan view) showing an overall configuration of a hydroelectric generator according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a partial configuration of the hydroelectric generator according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a partial configuration of a hydroelectric generator according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Upper reservoir 1a Outlet 2 Pipe line 2a Conveyance tunnel 2b Hydraulic line 3 Water wheel 4 Vacuum chamber 4a Communication port 4b, 4c Communication pipe 5 Vacuum suction pump 6 Drain pump 7 Drain hole 21 Lower reservoir

Claims (1)

In a hydroelectric generator that generates electricity by driving a generator by rotating water turbines by guiding water through a pipe with a water head difference so that air is not mixed in,
A vacuum chamber communicating with the pipe line is provided on the downstream side of the water wheel,
Connect a vacuum suction pump to this vacuum chamber,
A drainage pump that performs drainage for securing a substantially vacuum region in the vacuum chamber on the downstream side of the vacuum chamber of the pipe line ,
The vacuum chamber is arranged in the pipeline between the water wheel and the drainage pump, and is configured to protrude upward from the pipeline,
The vacuum suction pump is to maintain the remaining part in a substantially vacuum while holding water inside the vacuum chamber,
A hydraulic power generation apparatus, characterized in that, by the vacuum suction pump and the drainage pump, a vacuum suction force is applied to water in the pipe line from the downstream side of the water turbine to rotate the water turbine at a higher speed.

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