JP4285796B2

JP4285796B2 - Viscous damper and seismic isolation structure using the same

Info

Publication number: JP4285796B2
Application number: JP02781098A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 邦夫早川; 雅良池永; 昌己持丸
Original assignee: Oiles Corp; Okumura Corp
Current assignee: Oiles Corp; Okumura Corp
Priority date: 1998-01-26
Filing date: 1998-01-26
Publication date: 2009-06-24
Anticipated expiration: 2018-01-26
Also published as: JPH11210819A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、下部構造体と上部構造体との間に、下部構造体に対する上部構造体の相対的な横方向の移動を許容すると共に、この横方向の移動において下部構造体に対して上部構造体に相対的な縦移動を生じさせる免震支承装置が配されている免震構造物に用いて好適な粘性ダンパ及びこのような粘性ダンパを具備した免震構造物に関する。
【０００２】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
例えば美術館、博物館、寺院等の建物内には、仏像、彫刻、陶磁器等の貴重な美術品又は骨董品が展示台上に載置され又は展示ケース内に収容されて展示されているが、展示台又は展示ケースが直接に建物の床上に載置されていると、地震の発生により転倒して美術品が破壊、損傷される虞がある。
【０００３】
このため特公昭６２−３２３００号公報に記載された免震支承装置を、展示台又は展示ケースと建物の床と間に介在させて、地震の振動を展示台又は展示ケースに伝達させないで、地震の振動エネルギを適宜に吸収して、美術品の破壊、損傷を回避する免震台に用いることが提案されている。
【０００４】
上記の免震支承装置は、下耐圧板と、この下耐圧板上に配された中間耐圧板と、この中間耐圧板上に配される上耐圧板と、中間耐圧板を、水平面内の一の方向に移動可能とするように下耐圧板上で支持して、下耐圧板と中間耐圧板との間に介在されたローラベアリングと、上耐圧板を、水平面内の他の一の方向に移動可能とするように中間耐圧板上で支持して、中間耐圧板と上耐圧板との間に介在された他のローラベアリングとを具備してなるものであるが、この免震支承装置では、振動エネルギに対しての減衰量が必ずしも十分でなく、地震が治まってからも展示台又は展示ケースが振動する虞があり、これを防ぐためにこの種の免震支承装置には粘性ダンパが通常併設される。
【０００５】
ところで、粘性体を収容する収容体と、この収容体内に、当該収容体の内壁面と所定の隙間をもって粘性体内に配された抵抗板とを具備した粘性ダンパをこの種の免震支承装置に併設する場合、この免震支承装置が相対的な横方向の移動を許容すると共に、この横方向の移動において下部構造体（下耐圧板又は中間耐圧板）に対して上部構造体（中間耐圧板又は上耐圧板）に相対的な縦移動を生じさせるために、中間耐圧板又は上部構造体に取り付けられた抵抗板に収容体に対して同じく相対的な縦移動を生じさせることになる。
【０００６】
上記の粘性ダンパによって生じる粘性剪断抵抗力の大きさは、横方向に沿う収容体の内壁面に対面する抵抗板の粘性体に接する面の面積と、当該収容体の内壁面と抵抗板の面との隙間間隔（距離）と、隙間に配された粘性体の粘性と、収容体と抵抗板との間の相対速度とに関与する結果、上記のように収容体に対して抵抗板に相対的な縦移動が生じると、抵抗板の粘性体への没入量が変化して収容体の内壁面に対面する抵抗板の粘性体に接する面積が変化することになる。このように粘性体に接する抵抗板の面積が変化すると、これに基づいて当該粘性ダンパによって生じる粘性剪断抵抗力の大きさが変化することとなり、地震の振動エネルギを所望に減衰させることができなくなる虞がある。
【０００７】
本発明は、前記諸点に鑑みてなされたものであって、その目的とするところは、下部構造体に対する上部構造体の相対的な横方向の移動を許容すると共に、この横方向の移動において下部構造体に対して上部構造体に相対的な縦移動を生じさせる免震支承装置に併用して好適であって、上部構造体に相対的な縦移動が生じて抵抗板の粘性体への没入量が変化しても、これによっては粘性剪断抵抗力の大きさを変化させないで、所望に地震の振動エネルギを減衰させることができる粘性ダンパ及びこのような粘性ダンパを具備した免震構造物を提供することにある。
【０００８】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の粘性ダンパは、下部で免震構造物の下部構造体に固定されるようになっている収容体と、この収容体に収容された粘性体と、収容体内に、当該収容体の内壁面と所定の隙間をもって且つ一部の部位が粘性体内に没入されて配されていると共に上部で免震構造物の上部構造体に固定されるようになっている水平移動自在な抵抗板とを具備しており、収容体に対する抵抗板の相対移動において、抵抗板の粘性体内に没入された部位により粘性体を剪断して、この剪断により収容体に対する抵抗板の相対移動のエネルギを減衰させるようにした粘性ダンパであって、収容体には、所定高さに狭窄部が設けられており、抵抗板の粘性体内に没入された部位の両幅広平坦面に対面すると共に粘性体内に没入された収容体の内壁面は、一方の幅広平坦面に近接した近接面と、この近接面の最下縁及び最上縁に上下方向で隣接して位置していると共に、当該近接面と比較して一方の幅広平坦面からより多く離反した離反面とを具備しており、狭窄部は、収容体の近接面からなる狭窄部位と、この近接面に対面する収容体の内壁面からなる狭窄部位とからなっており、抵抗板は、両狭窄部位間に挿通されており、近接面からなる狭窄部位の最下縁は、収容体に対する抵抗板の相対移動における抵抗板の粘性体内に没入された部位の下縁の最大上昇位置よりも上方に配されており、粘性体は、近接面からなる狭窄部位の最上縁が、抵抗板の移動に伴い上下動する粘性体の上面の最大下降位置よりも下方に配されるように、収容体に収容されており、一方の幅広平坦面から近接面までの距離と当該一方の幅広平坦面から離反面までの距離との比が１／３以下であり、粘性ダンパの性能が、両狭窄部位間を移動する抵抗板の剪断抵抗により決定づけられることを特徴とする。
【０００９】
本発明において、収容体は、下部で免震構造物の下部構造体に固定されるようになっており、抵抗板は、上部で免震構造物の上部構造体に固定されるようになっている。収容体は、好ましい例では、本体と、この本体の対向する両内面の少なくとも一方に、より好ましくは両内面に溶接等により固着された矩形体とを具備しており、幅広平坦面に対面する矩形体の側壁面が近接面とされるが、これに代えて、収容体を、本体のみで構成し、この本体の対向する両内面の少なくとも一方を、好ましくは、両内面を適宜変形し若しくは肉厚にして、これにより近接面と離反面とを具備した収容体の内壁面としてもよい。
【００１０】
また、近接面は、必ずしも連続面である必要はなく、複数の部分近接面の集合体であってもよい。本体の対向する両内面の夫々に矩形体等を固着して近接面とする場合、この近接面を互いに対面するように、同位置に配する必要はなく、一方の近接面が他方の近接面に対して縦方向及び横方向の少なくとも一方にずれていてもよい。粘性体としては、高粘性を有するシリコン製のものを使用するのが好ましい。
【００１１】
本発明では、離反面は、近接面と比較して、抵抗板の幅広平坦面からより多く離反していればよいのであるが、具体的には、好ましくは、幅広平坦面と近接面との距離ｄ１と、幅広平坦面と離反面との距離ｄ２との比ｄ１／ｄ２が１／３以下であればよく、より好ましくは、１／１０以下であればよい。
【００１２】
上記の粘性ダンパを用いた本発明の免震構造物では、免震構造物の下部構造体と上部構造体との間に、下部構造体に対する上部構造体の相対的な横方向の移動を許容すると共に、この横方向の移動において下部構造体に対して上部構造体に相対的な縦移動を生じさせる免震支承装置が配されている。本発明の免震構造物は、好ましい例では、展示物用の免震台であるが、本発明は、これに必ずしも限定されず、例えば事業用の免震ビル、免震集合住宅、免震戸建住宅等であってもよい。
【００１３】
【発明の実施の形態】
次に本発明の実施の形態を、図に示す好ましい実施例に基づいて更に詳細に説明する。なお、本発明はこれら実施例に何等限定されないのである。
【００１４】
【実施例】
図１及び図２において、本例の粘性ダンパ１は、粘性体２を収容する収容体３と、収容体３内に、当該収容体３の内壁面４と所定の隙間をもって且つ一部の部位５が粘性体２内に没入されて配された抵抗板６とを具備している。
【００１５】
収容体３は、底板１１、一対の互いに対向する側板１２及び１３並びに一対の互いに対向する横板１４及び１５からなる本体１６と、側板１２及び１３の対向面１７及び１８に夫々溶接等により固着された矩形体１９及び２０とを具備している。収容体３は、その下部で溶接等により免震構造物の下部構造体２１の上面２２に固定される。なお、底板１１を省いて、収容体３を取り付ける下部構造物２１の上面２２を底板として用いてもよい。
【００１６】
抵抗板６は、その上部で溶接等により免震構造物の上部構造体２５の下面２６に固定される。
【００１７】
収容体３の内壁面４において、収容体３に対する抵抗板６の横方向の相対移動方向、本例では水平方向Ｈに沿う部位５の平坦面、すなわち幅広平坦面３１及び３２に夫々対面する収容体３の内壁面３３及び３４は、平坦面３１及び３２に近接する近接面３５及び３６と、近接面３５及び３６の下縁３７及び３８に隣接して位置しており、近接面３５及び３６と比較して平坦面３１及び３２からより多く離反した離反面３９及び４０とを具備している。このように本例では、部位５の両平坦面３１及び３２に夫々対面する矩形体１９及び２０の側壁面が近接面３５及び３６とされており、離反面３９及び４０と同様の離反面４１及び４２が、近接面３５及び３６の上縁４３及び４４に隣接して位置して設けられている。近接面３５及び３６の最上縁でもある上縁４３及び４４は、収容体３に対する抵抗板６の相対移動、本例では地震による収容体３に対する抵抗板６の縦方向である垂直方向Ｖの相対移動における粘性体２の上面４５の最大下降位置よりも下方に配されている。したがって、本例では、収容体３には、近接面３５からなる狭窄部位と、近接面３５に対面する収容体３の内壁面であって近接面３６からなる狭窄部位とからなって、粘性体２を収容する収容体３内を狭窄する狭窄部が所定高さに設けられており、抵抗板６の粘性体２内に没入された部位５の平坦面３１に対面する収容体３の内壁面３３は、平坦面３１に近接した近接面３５と、近接面３５の下縁３７及び上縁４３に隣接して位置していると共に、当該近接面３５と比較して平坦面３１からより多く離反した離反面３９とを具備しており、抵抗板６は、近接面３５からなる狭窄部位及び近接面３６からなる狭窄部位の両狭窄部位間に挿通されており、粘性体２は、近接面３５からなる狭窄部位の最上縁でもある上縁４３が、抵抗板６の移動に伴い上下動する粘性体２の上面４５の最大下降位置よりも下方に配されるように、収容体３に収容されている。
【００１８】
近接面３５及び３６の最下縁でもある下縁３７及び３８は、収容体３に対する抵抗板６の垂直方向Ｖの相対移動における部位５の下縁５１の最大上昇位置よりも上方に配されている。したがって、近接面３５からなる狭窄部位の最下縁でもある下縁３７は、収容体３に対する抵抗板６の相対移動における抵抗板６の粘性体２内に没入された部位５の下縁５１の最大上昇位置よりも上方に配されている。
【００１９】
部位５の平坦面３１及び３２と近接面３５及び３６との距離ｄ１と、部位５の平坦面３１及び３２と離反面３９及び４０並びに４１及び４２との距離ｄ２との比ｄ１／ｄ２は、１／３以下であり、より好ましい例では、１／１０以下である。
【００２０】
以上の粘性ダンパ１では、収容体３に対する抵抗板６の水平方向Ｈの相対移動において、部位５により粘性体２を剪断してこの剪断により収容体３に対する抵抗板６の水平方向Ｈの相対移動のエネルギを減衰させるようになっている。そして、粘性ダンパ１では、離反面３９及び４０並びに４１及び４２に比較して近接面３５及び３６が平坦面３１及び３２に十分に近接して位置しているため、離反面３９及び４０並びに４１及び４２と平坦面３１及び３２との間で生じる粘性剪断抵抗に比較して近接面３５及び３６と平坦面３１及び３２との間で生じる粘性剪断抵抗が十分に大きくなり、離反面３９及び４０並びに４１及び４２と平坦面３１及び３２との間で生じる粘性剪断抵抗を無視できることになり、結局、上記の剪断により生じる粘性剪断抵抗は、近接面３５及び３６と平坦面３１及び３２との間で生じる粘性剪断抵抗に実質的に依存することになる。このように粘性ダンパ１では、その性能が、近接面３５からなる狭窄部位及び近接面３６からなる狭窄部位の両狭窄部位間を移動する抵抗板６の剪断抵抗により決定づけられる。
【００２１】
したがって、粘性ダンパ１では、地震において収容体３に対して抵抗板６に水平方向Ｈの相対移動に加えて垂直方向Ｖの相対移動が生じて抵抗板６の粘性体２への没入量（部位５の粘性体２に接する面積）が変化しても、その垂直方向Ｖの相対移動により、部位５の下縁５１が近接面３５及び３６の下縁３７及び３８を超えて上昇せず、しかも、抵抗板６の粘性体２への没入量の変化に起因する粘性体２の上面４５の変動において粘性体２の上面４５が近接面３５及び３６の上縁４３及び４４を超えて下降しない限り、近接面３５及び３６と平坦面３１及び３２との粘性体２を介在した面積が一定であり、かつ部位５による粘性体２の剪断で生じる粘性剪断抵抗が、主に、近接面３５及び３６と平坦面３１及び３２との間で生じる粘性剪断抵抗に依存した値となる結果、この値でもって収容体３に対する抵抗板６の水平方向Ｈ及び垂直方向Ｖの相対移動のエネルギが減衰されるようになっている。換言すれば、粘性ダンパ１では、収容体３に対して抵抗板６の相対的な縦移動が生じて抵抗板６の粘性体２への没入量が変化しても、これによっては粘性剪断抵抗力の大きさを変化させないで、所望に地震の振動エネルギを減衰させることができるのである。
【００２２】
次に、粘性ダンパ１を免震構造物としての展示物用の免震台６１に用いた例を図３及び図４に示す。図３及び図４において、免震台６１は、下部構造物としての下部枠体６２と、下部枠体６２に対して上部構造物（次の上部枠体６４に対しては下部構造物となる）としての中間枠体６３と、下部構造物としての中間枠体６３に対して上部構造物としての上部枠体６４と、下部枠体６２と中間枠体６３との間及び中間枠体６２と上部枠体６４との間に夫々配された複数の免震支承装置６５とを具備しており、粘性ダンパ１は、免震支承装置６５と同様に、下部枠体６２と中間枠体６３との間及び中間枠体６３と上部枠体６４との間に夫々配されている。免震台６１の上部枠体６４に固定して展示ケース６６等が載置される。
【００２３】
各免震支承装置６５は、同様に構成されており、下部枠体６２と中間枠体６３との間に配された免震支承装置６５の夫々は、円弧上面７１を有して下部枠体６２に固着された下部ローラ受け７２と、円弧下面７３を有して中間枠体６３に固着された上部ローラ受け７４と、下部ローラ受け７２及び上部ローラ受け７４間に配されたローラ７５とを具備しており、中間枠体６３と上部枠体６４との間に配された免震支承装置６５の夫々は、同じく円弧上面７１を有して中間枠体６３に固着された下部ローラ受け７２と、円弧下面７３を有して上部枠体６４に固着された上部ローラ受け７４と、下部ローラ受け７２及び上部ローラ受け７４間に配されたローラ７５とを具備している。
【００２４】
下部枠体６２と中間枠体６３との間に配されて、下部枠体６２に対して中間枠体６３を免震支持する免震支承装置６５は、ローラ７５の下部ローラ受け７２と上部ローラ受け７４との間での転動により下部枠体６２に対する中間枠体６３の水平方向ＨにおけるＨ１方向の移動を許容し、Ｈ１方向の移動において下部枠体６２に対して中間枠体６３に縦移動、すなわちＶ方向の移動を生じさせ、中間枠体６３と上部枠体６４との間に配されて、中間枠体６３に対して上部枠体６４を免震支持する免震支承装置６５は、ローラ７５の下部ローラ受け７２と上部ローラ受け７４との間での転動により中間枠体６３に対する上部枠体６４の水平方向ＨにおいてＨ１方向に直交するＨ２方向の移動を許容し、Ｈ２方向の移動において中間枠体６３に対して上部枠体６４に縦移動、すなわちＶ方向の移動を生じさせる。
【００２５】
下部枠体６２と中間枠体６３との間に配された粘性ダンパ１においては、その収容体３は、下部で溶接等により下部枠体６２の上面に固定され、その抵抗板６は、上部で溶接等により中間枠体６３の下面に固定されており、中間枠体６３と上部枠体６４との間に配された粘性ダンパ１においては、その収容体３は、下部で溶接等により中間枠体６３の上面に固定され、その抵抗板６は、上部で溶接等により上部枠体６４の下面に固定されている。
【００２６】
以上の免震台６１では、地震により床７６が水平方向Ｈ１又はＨ２に振動した場合、下部枠体６２に対して中間枠体６３が水平方向Ｈ１に又は中間枠体６３に対して上部枠体６４が水平方向Ｈ２に相対的に移動されると共に、下部枠体６２に対して中間枠体６３が又は中間枠体６３に対して上部枠体６４が垂直方向Ｖに移動されて、展示ケース６６への床７６からの水平方向Ｈ１又はＨ２の振動の伝達を防止するようになっている。そして、免震台６１では、下部枠体６２に対する中間枠体６３の水平方向Ｈ１及び垂直方向Ｖの相対移動において又は中間枠体６３に対する上部枠体６４の水平方向Ｈ２及び垂直方向Ｖの相対移動において、粘性ダンパ１により粘性剪断抵抗が生じて、当該相対移動のエネルギが減衰される。しかも、免震台６１では、下部枠体６２に対して中間枠体６３が又は中間枠体６３に対して上部枠体６４が垂直方向Ｖに移動されても、上記のように抵抗板６の粘性体２への没入量の変化に影響されることなしに、粘性ダンパ１により所望の粘性剪断抵抗が生じる結果、地震による床７６に対する展示ケース６６の垂直方向Ｖ及び水平方向Ｈ１又はＨ２の相対的な振動が可及的速やかに減衰されることになる。
【００２７】
上記の粘性ダンパ１では、側板１２及び１３の対向面１７及び１８に夫々固着された矩形体１９及び２０により近接面３５及び３６と離反面３９及び４０並びに４１及び４２とを形成したが、これに代えて、図５に示すように側板１２及び１３の中間部を断面コ字状に曲折させて、近接面３５及び３６と離反面３９及び４０並びに４１及び４２とを形成してもよい。
【００２８】
また、図６に示すように、近接面３５及び３６が垂直方向Ｖにおいて互いにずれて対面するように、矩形体１９及び２０とを側板１２及び１３の対向面１７及び１８に夫々溶接等により固着してもよく、この場合には、近接面３５及び３６の最下縁は、下側の近接面３６の下縁３８となり、近接面３５及び３６の最上縁は、上側の近接面３５の上縁４３となり、下縁３８を部位５の下縁５１の最大上昇位置よりも上方に配し、上縁４３を粘性体２の上面４５の最大下降位置よりも下方に配する。
【００２９】
更に、図７に示すように、近接面３５及び３６の夫々が垂直方向Ｖにおいて断続されて配された複数の部分近接面３５ａ及び３５ｂ並びに３６ａ及び３６ｂの集合体からなるように、夫々複数の部分矩形体１９ａ及び１９ｂ並びに２０ａ及び２０ｂからなる矩形体１９及び２０を側板１２及び１３の対向面１７及び１８に夫々溶接等により固着してもよく、この場合には、近接面３５及び３６の最下縁は、下側の部分近接面３６ｂの下縁３８ｂとなり、近接面３５及び３６の最上縁は、上側の部分近接面３５ａの上縁４３ａとなり、下縁３８ｂを部位５の下縁５１の最大上昇位置よりも上方に配し、上縁４３ａを粘性体２の上面４５の最大下降位置よりも下方に配する。
【００３０】
また、近接面３５及び３６を互いに同一の面積をもって形成する必要はなく、図８に示すように、近接面３５の面積を近接面３６の面積よりも小さくしてもよく、更に、図９に示すように、平坦面３１に近接する近接面３５を省いて、粘性ダンパ１を形成してもよい。この場合、狭窄部は、近接面３６からなる狭窄部位と、この近接面３６に対面する収容体３の内壁面３３の一部の壁面からなる狭窄部位とからなる。
【００３１】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、下部構造体に対する上部構造体の相対的な横方向の移動を許容すると共に、この横方向の移動において下部構造体に対して上部構造体に相対的な縦移動を生じさせる免震支承装置に併用して好適であって、上部構造体に相対的な縦移動が生じて抵抗板の粘性体への没入量が変化しても、これによっては粘性剪断抵抗力の大きさを変化させないで、所望に地震の振動エネルギを減衰させることができる粘性ダンパ及びこのような粘性ダンパを具備した免震構造物を提供することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の好ましい一実施例の側面断面説明図である。
【図２】図１の実施例の粘性ダンパの分解斜視図である。
【図３】図１の実施例を免震台に用いた例の正面図である。
【図４】図３の例の側面図である。
【図５】本発明の好ましい他の実施例の側面断面説明図である。
【図６】本発明の好ましい更に他の実施例の側面断面説明図である。
【図７】本発明の好ましい更に他の実施例の側面断面説明図である。
【図８】本発明の好ましい更に他の実施例の側面断面説明図である。
【図９】本発明の好ましい更に他の実施例の側面断面説明図である。
【符号の説明】
１粘性ダンパ
２粘性体
３収容体
４、３３、３４内壁面
５部位
６抵抗板
３１、３２平坦面
３５、３６近接面
３７、３８下縁
３９、４０離反面
４３、４４上縁
４５上面
５１下縁[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention allows the relative movement of the upper structure relative to the lower structure between the lower structure and the upper structure, and the upper structure relative to the lower structure in this lateral movement. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a viscous damper suitable for use in a seismic isolation structure provided with a seismic isolation bearing device that causes a longitudinal movement relative to the body, and a seismic isolation structure including such a viscous damper.
[0002]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
For example, in buildings such as museums, museums, temples, precious artworks or antiques such as Buddha statues, sculptures, ceramics, etc. are placed on display stands or housed in display cases. If the table or the display case is placed directly on the floor of the building, there is a risk that the artwork will be destroyed and damaged due to a fall due to the occurrence of an earthquake.
[0003]
For this reason, the seismic isolation device described in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 62-32300 is interposed between the exhibition stand or the display case and the floor of the building so that the earthquake vibration is not transmitted to the display stand or the display case. It has been proposed to absorb the vibration energy of the earth appropriately and use it for a base-isolated table that avoids the destruction and damage of works of art.
[0004]
The seismic isolation bearing device includes a lower pressure plate, an intermediate pressure plate disposed on the lower pressure plate, an upper pressure plate disposed on the intermediate pressure plate, and the intermediate pressure plate in a horizontal plane. The roller bearing interposed between the lower pressure plate and the intermediate pressure plate, and the upper pressure plate are supported in the other direction in the horizontal plane. It is supported on the intermediate pressure plate so as to be movable, and is provided with other roller bearings interposed between the intermediate pressure plate and the upper pressure plate. In order to prevent the display stand or display case from vibrating even after the earthquake has ceased, there is usually a viscous damper in this type of seismic isolation bearing device. It is attached.
[0005]
By the way, this type of seismic isolation device includes a viscous damper that includes a container that houses a viscous body, and a resistance plate that is disposed in the container with a predetermined clearance from the inner wall surface of the container. In the case where it is also provided, this seismic isolation device allows relative lateral movement, and the upper structure (intermediate pressure plate) with respect to the lower structure (lower pressure plate or intermediate pressure plate) in this lateral movement. In addition, in order to cause a relative vertical movement in the upper pressure-resistant plate), a relative vertical movement with respect to the container is caused in the resistance plate attached to the intermediate pressure-resistant plate or the upper structure.
[0006]
The magnitude of the viscous shear resistance generated by the viscous damper is defined by the area of the surface of the resistance plate that contacts the inner wall surface of the container along the lateral direction and the surface of the container and the surface of the resistance plate. As a result of being involved in the gap interval (distance) between the container and the viscosity of the viscous body disposed in the gap and the relative speed between the container and the resistance plate, as described above, relative to the resistance plate When the vertical movement occurs, the amount of immersion of the resistance plate into the viscous body changes, and the area of the resistance plate that contacts the inner wall surface of the container changes in contact with the viscous body. When the area of the resistance plate in contact with the viscous body changes in this way, the magnitude of the viscous shear resistance generated by the viscous damper changes based on this, and the vibration energy of the earthquake cannot be attenuated as desired. There is a fear.
[0007]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described points, and an object of the present invention is to permit the relative lateral movement of the upper structure relative to the lower structure, and to lower the lower structure in this lateral movement. Suitable for use in seismic isolation devices that cause the vertical movement of the upper structure relative to the structure, and the vertical movement of the upper structure causes the resistance plate to be immersed in the viscous body. A viscous damper capable of damping the vibration energy of an earthquake as desired without changing the magnitude of the viscous shear resistance force even if the amount changes, and a seismic isolation structure equipped with such a viscous damper. It is to provide.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The viscous damper of the present invention includes a container that is fixed to the lower structure of the seismic isolation structure at a lower part, a viscous body that is accommodated in the container, and an inner body of the container. A horizontally movable resistance plate having a predetermined clearance and a part of the wall surface and a part of which is immersed in the viscous body and fixed to the upper structure of the seismic isolation structure at the upper part. In the relative movement of the resistance plate with respect to the container, the viscous body is sheared by a portion immersed in the viscous body of the resistance plate, and the energy of the relative movement of the resistance plate with respect to the container is attenuated by this shearing. The container is provided with a constricted portion at a predetermined height, facing the both wide flat surfaces of the portion of the resistance plate that has been immersed in the viscous body and being immersed in the viscous body. The inner wall of the container is wide on one side The proximity surface adjacent to the carrier surface is adjacent to the lowermost edge and the uppermost edge of the proximity surface in the vertical direction, and is separated from one wide flat surface more than the adjacent surface. The constriction part is composed of a stenosis part consisting of the proximity surface of the container and a stenosis part consisting of the inner wall surface of the container facing this proximity surface. The lowermost edge of the constricted part composed of the adjacent surface is inserted above the part, and the uppermost position of the lower edge of the part immersed in the viscous body of the resistance plate in the relative movement of the resistance plate to the container is higher than the maximum rising position. The viscous body is placed in the container so that the uppermost edge of the constricted portion consisting of the adjacent surface is disposed below the maximum descending position of the upper surface of the viscous body that moves up and down as the resistance plate moves. The distance from one wide flat surface to the adjacent surface The ratio of the distance to the separating surface from one of the wide flat surface is 1/3 or less, the performance of the viscous damper, characterized in that dictated by the shear resistance of the resistive plate to move between the stenosis.
[0009]
In the present invention, the container is fixed to the lower structure of the base isolation structure at the lower part, and the resistance plate is fixed to the upper structure of the base isolation structure at the upper part. Yes. In a preferred example, the container includes a main body and at least one of both opposing inner surfaces of the main body, more preferably a rectangular body fixed to both inner surfaces by welding or the like, and faces the wide flat surface. The side wall surface of the rectangular body is a proximity surface, but instead, the container is composed of only the main body, and at least one of both opposing inner surfaces of the main body, preferably both inner surfaces are appropriately deformed or It is good also as an inner wall surface of the container which made it thick and thereby comprised the proximity | contact surface and the separation surface.
[0010]
Further, the proximity surface is not necessarily a continuous surface, and may be an aggregate of a plurality of partial proximity surfaces. When a rectangular body or the like is fixed to each of both opposing inner surfaces of the main body to make a proximity surface, it is not necessary to place the proximity surfaces in the same position so that the proximity surfaces face each other, and one proximity surface is the other proximity surface However, it may be displaced in at least one of the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. As the viscous material, a silicon material having high viscosity is preferably used.
[0011]
In the present invention, the separation surface only needs to be separated from the wide flat surface of the resistance plate more than the proximity surface. Specifically, preferably, the separation surface is preferably formed between the wide flat surface and the proximity surface. The ratio d1 / d2 between the distance d1 and the distance d2 between the wide flat surface and the separating surface may be 1/3 or less, more preferably 1/10 or less.
[0012]
In the seismic isolation structure of the present invention using the above viscous damper, relative lateral movement of the upper structure relative to the lower structure is allowed between the lower structure and the upper structure of the seismic isolation structure. In addition, a seismic isolation bearing device is provided that causes a relative vertical movement of the upper structure relative to the lower structure in this lateral movement. In a preferable example, the seismic isolation structure of the present invention is a seismic isolation table for exhibits, but the present invention is not necessarily limited to this, for example, a business-use seismic isolation building, seismic isolation housing, seismic isolation It may be a detached house.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail based on preferred examples shown in the drawings. The present invention is not limited to these examples.
[0014]
【Example】
1 and 2, the viscous damper 1 of this example includes a container 3 that houses the viscous body 2, and a part of the container 3 that has a predetermined clearance from the inner wall surface 4 of the container 3. 5 includes a resistance plate 6 disposed so as to be immersed in the viscous body 2.
[0015]
The container 3 is fixed to the main body 16 including the bottom plate 11, the pair of side plates 12 and 13 facing each other and the pair of side plates 14 and 15 facing each other, and the facing surfaces 17 and 18 of the side plates 12 and 13 by welding or the like. The rectangular bodies 19 and 20 are provided. The container 3 is fixed to the upper surface 22 of the lower structure 21 of the seismic isolation structure at the lower part thereof by welding or the like. Note that the bottom plate 11 may be omitted, and the upper surface 22 of the lower structure 21 to which the container 3 is attached may be used as the bottom plate.
[0016]
The resistance plate 6 is fixed to the lower surface 26 of the upper structure 25 of the seismic isolation structure at the upper portion thereof by welding or the like.
[0017]
On the inner wall surface 4 of the container 3, the container faces the flat surface of the portion 5 along the horizontal direction H in the horizontal direction H in this example, that is, the wide flat surfaces 31 and 32 in this example, with respect to the container 3. The inner wall surfaces 33 and 34 of the body 3 are located adjacent to the proximity surfaces 35 and 36 adjacent to the flat surfaces 31 and 32 and the lower edges 37 and 38 of the proximity surfaces 35 and 36. Compared to the flat surfaces 31 and 32, the separation surfaces 39 and 40 are further separated from each other. Thus, in this example, the side wall surfaces of the rectangular bodies 19 and 20 that face both the flat surfaces 31 and 32 of the part 5 are the proximity surfaces 35 and 36, respectively, and the separation surface 41 similar to the separation surfaces 39 and 40. And 42 are provided adjacent to the upper edges 43 and 44 of the proximity surfaces 35 and 36. The upper edges 43 and 44 which are also the uppermost edges of the proximity surfaces 35 and 36 are relative movements of the resistance plate 6 with respect to the container 3, in this example, relative to a vertical direction V which is the longitudinal direction of the resistance plate 6 with respect to the container 3 due to an earthquake. It is arranged below the maximum lowering position of the upper surface 45 of the viscous body 2 in movement. Therefore, in this example, the container 3 is composed of a narrowed portion made of the proximity surface 35 and a narrowed portion made of the inner surface of the container 3 facing the proximity surface 35 and made of the proximity surface 36. The inner wall surface of the container 3 that faces the flat surface 31 of the portion 5 that is immersed in the viscous body 2 of the resistance plate 6 is provided with a narrowed portion that narrows the inside of the container 3 that houses the container 2. 33 is located adjacent to the proximity surface 35 close to the flat surface 31, the lower edge 37 and the upper edge 43 of the proximity surface 35, and more separated from the flat surface 31 than the proximity surface 35. The resistance plate 6 is inserted between the stenosis part of the constriction part consisting of the proximity surface 35 and the stenosis part consisting of the proximity surface 36, and the viscous body 2 includes the proximity surface 35. The upper edge 43, which is also the uppermost edge of the stenosis site consisting of Than the maximum lowered position of the upper surface 45 of the viscous body 2 to have vertical movement to be disposed downward is housed in the housing body 3.
[0018]
The lower edges 37 and 38 that are also the lowermost edges of the proximity surfaces 35 and 36 are arranged above the maximum rising position of the lower edge 51 of the region 5 in the relative movement in the vertical direction V of the resistance plate 6 with respect to the container 3. Yes. Therefore, the lower edge 37 that is also the lowermost edge of the constricted portion formed by the proximity surface 35 is the lower edge 51 of the portion 5 that is immersed in the viscous body 2 of the resistance plate 6 in the relative movement of the resistance plate 6 with respect to the container 3. It is arranged above the maximum ascending position.
[0019]
The ratio d1 / d2 between the distance d1 between the flat surfaces 31 and 32 of the region 5 and the proximity surfaces 35 and 36 and the distance d2 between the flat surfaces 31 and 32 of the region 5 and the separating surfaces 39 and 40 and 41 and 42 is: 1/3 or less, and in a more preferred example, it is 1/10 or less.
[0020]
In the viscous damper 1 described above, in the relative movement in the horizontal direction H of the resistance plate 6 with respect to the container 3, the viscous body 2 is sheared by the portion 5, and the horizontal movement of the resistance plate 6 with respect to the container 3 is sheared by this shearing. The energy is attenuated. In the viscous damper 1, the proximity surfaces 35 and 36 are positioned sufficiently closer to the flat surfaces 31 and 32 than the separation surfaces 39 and 40 and 41 and 42. And 42 and the flat shear surfaces 31 and 32, the viscous shear resistance generated between the adjacent surfaces 35 and 36 and the flat surfaces 31 and 32 is sufficiently large, and the separation surfaces 39 and 40 are separated. As a result, the viscous shear resistance generated between 41 and 42 and the flat surfaces 31 and 32 can be ignored. As a result, the viscous shear resistance generated by the above-described shear is between the adjacent surfaces 35 and 36 and the flat surfaces 31 and 32. Will substantially depend on the viscous shear resistance generated in As described above, the performance of the viscous damper 1 is determined by the shear resistance of the resistance plate 6 that moves between the stenosis part of the constriction surface 35 and the stenosis part of the proximity surface 36.
[0021]
Therefore, in the viscous damper 1, in the earthquake, relative movement in the vertical direction V occurs in the resistance plate 6 with respect to the container 3 in addition to the relative movement in the horizontal direction H, and the amount of immersion of the resistance plate 6 into the viscous body 2 (part) 5), the lower edge 51 of the portion 5 does not rise beyond the lower edges 37 and 38 of the proximity surfaces 35 and 36 due to the relative movement in the vertical direction V. As long as the upper surface 45 of the viscous body 2 does not fall beyond the upper edges 43 and 44 of the proximity surfaces 35 and 36 due to the change in the upper surface 45 of the viscous body 2 due to the change in the amount of penetration of the resistance plate 6 into the viscous body 2 The areas of the proximity surfaces 35 and 36 and the flat surfaces 31 and 32 with the viscous body 2 interposed therebetween are constant, and the viscous shear resistance generated by the shearing of the viscous body 2 by the region 5 is mainly caused by the proximity surfaces 35 and 36. And the viscous shear resistance between the flat surfaces 31 and 32 Dependent values become result, the energy of the relative movement in the horizontal direction H and vertical direction V of the resistance plate 6 for container 3 has in this value is adapted to be attenuated. In other words, in the viscous damper 1, even if the relative longitudinal movement of the resistance plate 6 with respect to the container 3 occurs and the amount of immersion of the resistance plate 6 into the viscous body 2 changes, depending on this, the viscous shear resistance The seismic vibration energy can be attenuated as desired without changing the magnitude of the force.
[0022]
Next, an example in which the viscous damper 1 is used as an isolation base 61 for an exhibition as an isolation structure is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the base isolation table 61 is a lower frame 62 as a lower structure and an upper structure with respect to the lower frame 62 (a lower structure with respect to the next upper frame 64). ), An upper frame 64 as an upper structure relative to the intermediate frame 63 as a lower structure, and between the lower frame 62 and the intermediate frame 63 and between the intermediate frame 62 and A plurality of seismic isolation bearing devices 65 respectively disposed between the upper frame body 64 and the viscous damper 1, similar to the seismic isolation bearing device 65, includes a lower frame body 62 and an intermediate frame body 63. Between the intermediate frame 63 and the upper frame 64. The display case 66 and the like are placed fixed to the upper frame 64 of the base isolation table 61.
[0023]
Each of the seismic isolation bearing devices 65 is configured in the same manner, and each of the seismic isolation bearing devices 65 disposed between the lower frame body 62 and the intermediate frame body 63 has an arc upper surface 71 and has a lower frame body. A lower roller receiver 72 fixed to 62, an upper roller receiver 74 having an arc lower surface 73 and fixed to the intermediate frame 63, and a roller 75 disposed between the lower roller receiver 72 and the upper roller receiver 74. Each of the seismic isolation bearing devices 65 provided between the intermediate frame 63 and the upper frame 64 has a lower roller receiver 72 which has an arc upper surface 71 and is fixed to the intermediate frame 63. And an upper roller receiver 74 having an arc lower surface 73 and fixed to the upper frame 64, and a roller 75 disposed between the lower roller receiver 72 and the upper roller receiver 74.
[0024]
The seismic isolation support device 65 disposed between the lower frame 62 and the intermediate frame 63 and supporting the intermediate frame 63 with respect to the lower frame 62 is provided with a lower roller receiver 72 of the roller 75 and an upper roller. The intermediate frame 63 is allowed to move in the H1 direction in the horizontal direction H with respect to the lower frame 62 by rolling with the receiver 74, and the intermediate frame 63 is vertically moved with respect to the lower frame 62 in the movement in the H1 direction. A seismic isolation support device 65 that causes movement, that is, movement in the V direction, is disposed between the intermediate frame 63 and the upper frame 64 and supports the upper frame 64 with respect to the intermediate frame 63. The rolling of the roller 75 between the lower roller receiver 72 and the upper roller receiver 74 allows the movement of the upper frame 64 in the horizontal direction H with respect to the intermediate frame 63 in the H2 direction perpendicular to the H1 direction. With respect to the intermediate frame 63 Longitudinal movement to the upper frame 64, i.e., causes movement of the V direction.
[0025]
In the viscous damper 1 disposed between the lower frame body 62 and the intermediate frame body 63, the container 3 is fixed to the upper surface of the lower frame body 62 by welding or the like in the lower part, and the resistance plate 6 is In the viscous damper 1 that is fixed to the lower surface of the intermediate frame 63 by welding or the like, and the viscous damper 1 disposed between the intermediate frame 63 and the upper frame 64, the container 3 is intermediate in the lower part by welding or the like. The resistance plate 6 is fixed to the upper surface of the frame 63, and the resistance plate 6 is fixed to the lower surface of the upper frame 64 by welding or the like at the upper part.
[0026]
In the base isolation table 61 described above, when the floor 76 vibrates in the horizontal direction H1 or H2 due to an earthquake, the intermediate frame 63 is in the horizontal direction H1 with respect to the lower frame 62 or the upper frame with respect to the intermediate frame 63. 64 is moved relatively in the horizontal direction H2, and the intermediate frame 63 is moved relative to the lower frame 62 or the upper frame 64 is moved in the vertical direction V relative to the intermediate frame 63, and the display case 66 is moved. The transmission of the vibration in the horizontal direction H1 or H2 from the floor 76 is prevented. In the base isolation table 61, the relative movement in the horizontal direction H1 and the vertical direction V of the intermediate frame 63 with respect to the lower frame 62 or the relative movement in the horizontal direction H2 and the vertical direction V of the upper frame 64 with respect to the intermediate frame 63. , The viscous damper 1 generates a viscous shear resistance, and the relative movement energy is attenuated. Moreover, in the base isolation table 61, even if the intermediate frame 63 is moved relative to the lower frame 62 or the upper frame 64 is moved in the vertical direction V relative to the intermediate frame 63, the resistance plate 6 is As a result of the desired viscous shear resistance caused by the viscous damper 1 without being affected by the change in the amount of immersion in the viscous body 2, the vertical V and horizontal H1 or H2 of the display case 66 with respect to the floor 76 due to the earthquake. Vibration will be damped as quickly as possible.
[0027]
In the viscous damper 1 described above, the proximity surfaces 35 and 36 and the separation surfaces 39 and 40 and 41 and 42 are formed by the rectangular bodies 19 and 20 fixed to the opposing surfaces 17 and 18 of the side plates 12 and 13, respectively. Instead, as shown in FIG. 5, the intermediate portions of the side plates 12 and 13 may be bent into a U-shaped cross section to form the proximity surfaces 35 and 36 and the separation surfaces 39 and 40 and 41 and 42.
[0028]
Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the rectangular bodies 19 and 20 are fixed to the opposing surfaces 17 and 18 of the side plates 12 and 13 by welding or the like so that the proximity surfaces 35 and 36 face each other in the vertical direction V. In this case, the lowermost edges of the proximity surfaces 35 and 36 become the lower edge 38 of the lower proximity surface 36, and the uppermost edges of the proximity surfaces 35 and 36 are above the upper proximity surface 35. The lower edge 38 is arranged above the maximum rising position of the lower edge 51 of the part 5, and the upper edge 43 is arranged below the maximum lowering position of the upper surface 45 of the viscous body 2.
[0029]
Further, as shown in FIG. 7, each of the proximity surfaces 35 and 36 includes a plurality of partial proximity surfaces 35a and 35b and a set of 36a and 36b arranged intermittently in the vertical direction V. The rectangular bodies 19 and 20 formed of the partial rectangular bodies 19a and 19b and 20a and 20b may be fixed to the opposing surfaces 17 and 18 of the side plates 12 and 13 by welding or the like. The lowermost edge is the lower edge 38b of the lower partial proximity surface 36b, the uppermost edge of the proximity surfaces 35 and 36 is the upper edge 43a of the upper partial proximity surface 35a, and the lower edge 38b is the lower edge 51 of the region 5. The upper edge 43 a is disposed below the maximum lowering position of the upper surface 45 of the viscous body 2.
[0030]
Further, it is not necessary to form the proximity surfaces 35 and 36 with the same area as each other. As shown in FIG. 8, the area of the proximity surface 35 may be smaller than the area of the proximity surface 36, and FIG. As shown, the viscous damper 1 may be formed by omitting the proximity surface 35 close to the flat surface 31. In this case, the stenosis part is composed of a stenosis portion composed of the proximity surface 36 and a stenosis region composed of a part of the inner wall surface 33 of the container 3 facing the proximity surface 36.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the horizontal movement of the upper structure relative to the lower structure is allowed, and the vertical movement of the upper structure relative to the lower structure is caused in the horizontal movement. It is suitable for use with seismic isolation bearing devices, and even if the relative displacement of the superstructure occurs and the amount of immersion of the resistance plate into the viscous body changes, this will affect the magnitude of the viscous shear resistance. It is possible to provide a viscous damper capable of damping the vibration energy of an earthquake as desired without changing the above, and a seismic isolation structure equipped with such a viscous damper.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory side sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the viscous damper of the embodiment of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a front view of an example in which the embodiment of FIG. 1 is used for a base isolation table.
4 is a side view of the example of FIG. 3. FIG.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory side sectional view of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory side sectional view of still another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a side cross-sectional explanatory view of still another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a side cross-sectional explanatory view of still another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory side sectional view of still another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Viscous damper 2 Viscous body 3 Container body 4,33,34 Inner wall surface 5 Site | part 6 Resistance board 31,32 Flat surface 35,36 Proximal surface 37,38 Lower edge 39,40 Separation surface 43,44 Upper edge 45 Upper surface 51 Below edge

Claims

A container that is fixed to the lower structure of the seismic isolation structure at the lower part, a viscous body that is accommodated in the container, and a predetermined gap between the inner wall surface of the container and the container; A part of which is immersed in the viscous body and has a horizontally movable resistance plate which is fixed to the upper structure of the seismic isolation structure at the upper part; In the relative movement of the resistance plate with respect to the resistance plate, the viscous body is sheared by the portion immersed in the viscous body of the resistance plate, and this shear attenuates the energy of the relative movement of the resistance plate with respect to the container. The container is provided with a constriction at a predetermined height, facing both wide flat surfaces of the portion of the resistance plate immersed in the viscous body and the inner wall surface of the container immersed in the viscous body, Proximity surface close to one wide flat surface The lower surface and the uppermost edge of the proximity surface are positioned adjacent to each other in the vertical direction, and have a separation surface that is more separated from one wide flat surface than the proximity surface, The stenosis part consists of a stenosis part consisting of the proximity surface of the container and a stenosis part consisting of the inner wall surface of the container facing this proximity surface, and the resistance plate is inserted between both stenosis parts, The lowermost edge of the constricted part composed of the adjacent surface is arranged above the maximum rising position of the lower edge of the part immersed in the viscous body of the resistance plate in the relative movement of the resistance plate with respect to the container, The uppermost edge of the constricted portion consisting of the adjacent surface is accommodated in the accommodating body so that the uppermost edge of the viscous body that moves up and down with the movement of the resistance plate is disposed below the maximum descending position. From the distance from the flat surface to the adjacent surface and the one wide flat surface Or less the ratio of the distance 1/3 to contrary, the viscous damper performance of the viscous damper, characterized in that dictated by the shear resistance of the resistive plate to move between the stenosis.

The container includes a main body and a rectangular body fixed to at least one of the opposing inner surfaces of the main body, and the side wall surface of the rectangular body facing one wide flat surface of the resistance plate is a proximity surface. The viscous damper according to claim 1.

A seismic isolation structure using the viscous damper according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a relative position of the upper structure relative to the lower structure is between the lower structure and the upper structure of the seismic isolation structure. A base-isolated structure in which a base-isolation support device that allows lateral movement and causes vertical movement relative to the lower structure relative to the lower structure in this lateral movement is arranged.

The seismic isolation structure according to claim 3, wherein the seismic isolation structure is a seismic isolation table for exhibits.