JP4282872B2 - Diaphragm for electroacoustic transducer - Google Patents

Diaphragm for electroacoustic transducer Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4282872B2
JP4282872B2 JP2000116088A JP2000116088A JP4282872B2 JP 4282872 B2 JP4282872 B2 JP 4282872B2 JP 2000116088 A JP2000116088 A JP 2000116088A JP 2000116088 A JP2000116088 A JP 2000116088A JP 4282872 B2 JP4282872 B2 JP 4282872B2
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Prior art keywords
sheath
diaphragm
core
core material
filament
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JP2000116088A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2001309484A (en
Inventor
文輝 新宮
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Foster Electric Co Ltd
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Foster Electric Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、例えば携帯電話やノートパソコン等に用いられ、比較的小径、小形であっていわゆるマイクロスピーカと称せられるスピーカに用いると好適な電気音響変換器用振動板に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、この種の振動板としては、例えばPET(ポリエチレンテレフタレート)、PI(ポリイミド)、PEI(ポリエーテルイミド)等の樹脂フィルム単体からなるもの(以下、従来品という)が用いられていた。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記素材は適度なヤング率、内部損失を有し、前記用途に広く用いられているものの、このような樹脂フィルム単体からなる振動板は密度が大きいため、以下の問題がある。すなわち、剛性を上げるためにフィルムを厚くすると重量が大きくなり、充分な感度がとれなくなり、音速も低下し高域再生にも支障が生じる。一方、充分な感度を確保し、高域も伸ばそうとするときはフィルムを薄くしなければならないが、薄くすると曲げ剛性が弱くなり、分割共振等による歪が大きくなり、音質の劣化を招くとともに大きな入力に対する強度も弱くなってしまう。
【0004】
フィルムを薄くするかわりに、樹脂を発泡剤により発泡させた構造とすることにより密度を下げることも考えられるが、こうするとヤング率が低下してしまう。最近はマイクロスピーカにおいてもより高感度、高帯域、高音質なものが求められるようになってきているが、従来の樹脂フィルム単体からなる振動板ではこれらすべてのニーズに対応できない、という課題があった。
【0005】
この発明は上記のことに鑑み提案されたもので、その目的とするところは、振動板としての主要な物性、すなわちヤング率、音速、内部損失、密度等の値の向上と、これらのバランスの最適化を図ることにより、スピーカとしての高能率、高再生帯域、低歪化を図り、良好な音響特性を実現し得る電気音響変換器用振動板を提供することにある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この発明は、高融点の芯材1aの外周に、芯材1aより低融点の鞘材1bが被覆されてなる複数の芯鞘構造の第1のフィラメント1を同方向に配列し、これら第1のフィラメント1に対し交鎖し、かつ縫うようにして同じく芯鞘構造の第2のフィラメント1を配列し、ネット状の織物もしくは編物を構成し、この織物もしくは編物の両面に、前記鞘材1bより高融点の樹脂フィルム3をそれぞれ配置し、芯材1aは溶融させることなく各鞘材1bの交絡点付近を溶着し、かつ前記第1のフィラメント1の鞘材1bと接触する前記樹脂フィルム3とを熱融着させ積層構造としたことを特徴とする。
【0007】
また、この場合、両面に樹脂フィルムを熱融着積層したものにおいて、何れか一方の樹脂フィルムの厚みを厚くしたことに特徴を有している。
【0008】
また、芯材1aと鞘材1bはそれぞれポリエチレンテレフタレートにて構成したことに特徴を有している。
【0009】
あるいは、芯材1aはポリエチレンテレフタレート、鞘材1bはナイロンからなることに特徴を有している。
【0010】
あるいは、芯材1aはポリエチレンテレフタレート、鞘材1bはポリプロピレン(PP)から構成したことに特徴を有している。
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
この発明では、融点の異なる二つの樹脂材料からなる芯鞘構造の単糸のフィラメントをネット状に織り振動板基材2とし、その表面に薄い樹脂フィルム3を熱融着するが、この際、鞘材1bが熱融着層となり結着し芯材1aはそのままなので、形態安定性、剛性を保持し、弾性率低下を招くことなく密度を下げ、かつ曲げ剛性を高めて歪を低減し、音速も向上し、高帯域化、高音質化の振動板を得ることができる。
【0012】
【実施例1】
図1は本発明に用いられる単糸のフィラメント1の断面を示す。このフィラメント1は芯鞘構造をなし、芯材1aとして融点240℃のポリエチレンテレフタレート、その外周部の鞘材1bとしてはそれより低融点140℃位のポリエチレンテレフタレートにて構成されている。
【0013】
図2(a)は上記フィラメント1を縦方向および横方向にネット状に織った織物の平面図を示す。すなわち、複数の芯鞘構造の第1のフィラメント1を同方向に配列し、これら第1のフィラメント1に対し直交方向に交鎖し、かつ縫うようにして同芯鞘構造の第2のフィラメント1を配列した織物を構成している。この織物が本発明の振動板基材2となる。なお、織る方向は相互に交鎖する斜め方向であっても良い。
【0014】
図2(b)はこの振動板基材2を加熱した場合、フィラメント1の交絡点が鞘材1bの溶融により結着する様子を示す。
【0015】
図3(a)は振動板基材2の表面に樹脂フィルム3をそれぞれ積層した状態の断面図を示す。この樹脂フィルム3としては、PET(ポリエチレンテレフタレート)のほか、PP(ポリプロピレン)、PI(ポリイミド)、PET(ポリエーテルイミド)等が用いられる。また、この樹脂フィルム3の融点はフィラメント1の鞘材1bより高い。
【0016】
図3(b)は熱融着後の状態を示す。加熱により、鞘材1bの交絡点付近における鞘材同志が溶着するとともに、樹脂フィルム3より融点の低い鞘材1bが樹脂フィルム3を熱融着し積層一体化されるが、この際、芯材1aは高融点のため、変形することはなく、織布の骨格が原形に近い形を維持し、低密度、高内部損失、高曲げ剛性のハニカム構造とほぼ同様の特性を有する振動板を得ることができる。
【0017】
次に、本発明の振動板の作製例について説明する。
【0018】
まず、ポリエチレンテレフタレートを素材とする芯鞘構造のフィラメント1を作製する。このフィラメント1としては25デニールのものを用いた。
【0019】
次に、このフィラメント1の単糸をネット状に織り織布を作製した。単糸としたのは軽量化を図るためである。
【0020】
次に、その両面に、6μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートからなる樹脂フィルム3を配し、空冷式の成形機によってホット−コールド成形を用い、低融点成分の融点以上、かつ高融点成分の融点以下の熱で加熱、加圧を行い、図4に示すように、3層構造であって有効径φ24.95,厚み0.07mm等の振動板4を作製した。
【0021】
このホット−コールド成形の基本的な成形工程としては、金型にヒータ(図示せず)を当て所定の温度に昇温させる。
【0022】
次に、金型が所定の温度になったらヒータを後退させ、金型内に、一体となった樹脂製フィルム3と振動板基材2を挿入し、プレスを行う。
【0023】
しかる後、プレスのまま金型をエアーブローして空気流で冷却する。
【0024】
ついで、金型から所望の形状に形成された振動板4を取り出せば良い。
【0025】
この場合、高融点成分である芯材1aは溶融しないため、目ズレを防止でき十分な強度を保持できる。
【0026】
このようにして作製された振動板4の物性を測定したところ、次に示す表1の通りであった。

Figure 0004282872
【0027】
以上のように、3層構造の本発明の振動板は、内部損失は低下することなく、密度は従来品に比べ半分程度であるため充分な音圧が得られ、また、曲げ剛性が大きくなるため、歪が低減し、高音質を得ることができる。また、音速が向上するため、高域が伸び高帯域化を図ることができる。
【0028】
図5は従来品と本発明との周波数に対する音圧の特性を示す。
【0029】
この測定に用いられた3層構造の本発明にかかる振動板と、PEIからなる従来の樹脂フィルム振動板は次の表2の通りである。
【0030】
Figure 0004282872
【0031】
図5において、図中Aは本発明品、Bは従来品であり、本発明品によれば低域から高域にわたって音圧が向上し、また、高域側のディップも減少し、良好な音質を得ることができる。
【0032】
なお、上記実施例において、フィラメント1の芯材1a、鞘材1bとしては融点の異なるポリエチレンテレフタレートを使用していたが、芯材1aをポリエチレンテレフタレートとし、鞘材1bをそれより融点の低いナイロンを用いても良い。この場合、ナイロンを用いることから内部損失をより向上させることができる。
【0033】
また、芯材1aをポリエチレンテレフタレート、鞘材1bをポリプロピレンからなるものを用いても良い。この場合、ポリプロピレンは比重が低いので、より軽量化を図ることができる。
【0034】
また、樹脂フィルム3は振動板基材2の何れか一方の表面のみに熱融着させ、これを振動板として用いても良い。
【0035】
また、振動板基材2の両者に樹脂フィルム3を積層させる場合、何れか一方の厚みを厚くしても良い。この場合、剛性を向上させることができる。
【0036】
また、本発明はいわゆるマクロスピーカに特に好適に使用できるものであるが、マイクロスピーカ以外のスピーカにも適用できることはいうまでもない。
【0037】
【発明の効果】
以上のように本発明によれば、織物もしくは編み物からなる振動板基材2と、その表面に積層された樹脂フィルム3とにて構成したため、従来の樹脂フィルム単体での振動板に比べて、振動板基材2の表面に融着する樹脂フィルム3を薄く設定して全体重量を減らすことができ、密度を下げ、織物もしくは編み物構造により内部損失を上げ、全体構成でヤング率、曲げ剛性、音速を上げることができ、よって小形、小径のいわゆるマイクロスピーカ等に適用しても良好な音質を得ることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明に用いられるフィラメントの断面図を示す。
【図2】 (a)はネット状に織ってなる振動板基材の平面図、(b)は加熱し外側の鞘材が溶融する状態説明図を示す。
【図3】 (a)は振動板基材の両面に樹脂フィルムを積層させた状態、(b)は加熱、融着した状態を示す。
【図4】 本発明の振動板の成形例の側面図を示す。
【図5】 本発明と従来品との周波数特性の比較を示す。
【符号の説明】
1 フィラメント
1a 芯材
1b 鞘材
1c 鞘材が溶融した熱融着層
2 振動板基材
3 樹脂フィルム
4 振動板
A 本発明品の周波数特性
B 従来品の周波数特性[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a diaphragm for an electroacoustic transducer, which is suitable for use in, for example, a speaker having a relatively small diameter and a small size, which is referred to as a so-called micro speaker, used in a mobile phone, a notebook personal computer, or the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as this type of diaphragm, for example, a material made of a resin film alone such as PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PI (polyimide), PEI (polyetherimide) (hereinafter referred to as a conventional product) has been used.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, although the above materials have an appropriate Young's modulus and internal loss and are widely used for the above-mentioned applications, the diaphragm made of such a resin film alone has a high density and has the following problems. That is, if the film is thickened to increase the rigidity, the weight increases, sufficient sensitivity cannot be obtained, the sound speed is lowered, and high frequency reproduction is hindered. On the other hand, to ensure sufficient sensitivity and to increase the high range, the film must be thinned, but if it is thinned, the bending rigidity becomes weak, distortion due to split resonance, etc. increases, leading to deterioration of sound quality and large The strength against the input is also weakened.
[0004]
Instead of making the film thin, it is conceivable to lower the density by making the resin foamed with a foaming agent, but this will lower the Young's modulus. Recently, micro speakers have been required to have higher sensitivity, higher bandwidth, and higher sound quality, but there is a problem that a diaphragm made of a single resin film cannot meet all these needs. It was.
[0005]
The present invention has been proposed in view of the above, and the object is to improve the main physical properties of the diaphragm, that is, the values of Young's modulus, sound velocity, internal loss, density, and the balance between these. By optimizing, it is intended to provide a diaphragm for an electroacoustic transducer capable of realizing high acoustic efficiency, a high reproduction band and low distortion as a speaker and realizing good acoustic characteristics.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
This invention arrange | positions the 1st filament 1 of the several core sheath structure by which the outer periphery of the high melting | fusing core material 1a is coat | covered with the sheath material 1b of lower melting | fusing point than the core material 1a in the same direction. The second filaments 1 having the same core-sheath structure are arranged so as to cross and sew the filaments 1 to form a net-like woven fabric or knitted fabric, and the sheath material 1b is formed on both sides of the woven fabric or knitted fabric. The resin film 3 having a higher melting point is disposed, the core material 1a is welded in the vicinity of the entanglement point of each sheath material 1b without being melted, and is in contact with the sheath material 1b of the first filament 1 And is heat-sealed to form a laminated structure.
[0007]
Further, in this case, in the case where the resin films are heat-sealed and laminated on both surfaces, one of the resin films has a feature that the thickness is increased.
[0008]
Further, the core material 1a and the sheath material 1b are characterized by being composed of polyethylene terephthalate.
[0009]
Alternatively, the core material 1a is characterized in that it is made of polyethylene terephthalate and the sheath material 1b is made of nylon.
[0010]
Or the core material 1a has the characteristics in having comprised from the polyethylene terephthalate and the sheath material 1b from the polypropylene (PP).
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, a single filament of a core-sheath structure made of two resin materials having different melting points is woven into a net-like shape, and a thin resin film 3 is heat-sealed on the surface thereof. Since the sheath material 1b becomes a heat-sealing layer and is bonded to the core material 1a, the shape stability and rigidity are maintained, the density is lowered without causing a decrease in elastic modulus, and the bending rigidity is increased to reduce strain. The sound speed is also improved, and a diaphragm having a higher bandwidth and higher sound quality can be obtained.
[0012]
[Example 1]
FIG. 1 shows a cross section of a single filament 1 used in the present invention. The filament 1 has a core-sheath structure, and is composed of polyethylene terephthalate having a melting point of 240 ° C. as the core material 1a, and polyethylene terephthalate having a lower melting point of 140 ° C. as the sheath material 1b on the outer periphery.
[0013]
Fig.2 (a) shows the top view of the textile fabric which woven the said filament 1 in the net shape in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. That is, the first filaments 1 having a plurality of core-sheath structures are arranged in the same direction, and the second filaments 1 having a concentric-sheath structure are formed so as to cross and intersect with the first filaments 1 in an orthogonal direction. The fabric is arranged. This fabric is the diaphragm base material 2 of the present invention. The weaving direction may be an oblique direction that intersects with each other.
[0014]
FIG. 2B shows a state where the entanglement point of the filament 1 is bound by melting the sheath material 1b when the diaphragm base material 2 is heated.
[0015]
FIG. 3A shows a cross-sectional view of the state in which the resin film 3 is laminated on the surface of the diaphragm base material 2. As this resin film 3, in addition to PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PP (polypropylene), PI (polyimide), PET (polyetherimide) and the like are used. The melting point of the resin film 3 is higher than that of the sheath material 1b of the filament 1.
[0016]
FIG. 3B shows a state after heat fusion. By heating, the sheath materials in the vicinity of the entanglement point of the sheath material 1b are welded, and the sheath material 1b having a melting point lower than that of the resin film 3 is heat-sealed and laminated and integrated. Since 1a has a high melting point, it does not deform, and a woven fabric skeleton maintains a shape close to the original shape, and a diaphragm having substantially the same characteristics as a honeycomb structure with low density, high internal loss, and high bending rigidity is obtained. be able to.
[0017]
Next, an example of manufacturing the diaphragm of the present invention will be described.
[0018]
First, a filament 1 having a core-sheath structure made of polyethylene terephthalate is produced. The filament 1 was 25 denier.
[0019]
Next, the filament 1 was woven into a net shape to produce a woven fabric. The single yarn is used for weight reduction.
[0020]
Next, a resin film 3 made of 6 μm polyethylene terephthalate is arranged on both sides, and hot-cold molding is performed by an air-cooling molding machine, and the heat is higher than the melting point of the low melting point component and lower than the melting point of the high melting point component. Heating and pressurizing were performed, and as shown in FIG. 4, a diaphragm 4 having a three-layer structure and having an effective diameter of 24.95 and a thickness of 0.07 mm was produced.
[0021]
As a basic molding process of this hot-cold molding, a heater (not shown) is applied to a mold and the temperature is raised to a predetermined temperature.
[0022]
Next, when the mold reaches a predetermined temperature, the heater is retracted, and the integrated resin film 3 and diaphragm substrate 2 are inserted into the mold and pressed.
[0023]
Thereafter, the mold is blown with air while being pressed and cooled with an air flow.
[0024]
Next, the diaphragm 4 formed in a desired shape may be taken out from the mold.
[0025]
In this case, since the core material 1a, which is a high melting point component, does not melt, misalignment can be prevented and sufficient strength can be maintained.
[0026]
The physical properties of the diaphragm 4 produced in this way were measured, and the results were as shown in Table 1 below.
Figure 0004282872
[0027]
As described above, the diaphragm according to the present invention having the three-layer structure has a sufficient sound pressure and a high bending rigidity because the internal loss does not decrease and the density is about half that of the conventional product. Therefore, distortion is reduced and high sound quality can be obtained. Further, since the speed of sound is improved, the high range can be extended and the bandwidth can be increased.
[0028]
FIG. 5 shows the sound pressure characteristics with respect to the frequency of the conventional product and the present invention.
[0029]
The diaphragm according to the present invention having a three-layer structure used for this measurement and the conventional resin film diaphragm made of PEI are shown in Table 2 below.
[0030]
Figure 0004282872
[0031]
In FIG. 5, A is the product of the present invention, and B is the conventional product. According to the product of the present invention, the sound pressure is improved from low to high, and the dip on the high side is also reduced. Sound quality can be obtained.
[0032]
In addition, in the said Example, although the polyethylene terephthalate from which melting | fusing point differs was used as the core material 1a and sheath material 1b of the filament 1, the core material 1a was made into polyethylene terephthalate, and the sheath material 1b was made into nylon with a lower melting | fusing point than it. It may be used. In this case, internal loss can be further improved because nylon is used.
[0033]
Further, the core material 1a may be made of polyethylene terephthalate, and the sheath material 1b may be made of polypropylene. In this case, since the specific gravity of polypropylene is low, the weight can be further reduced.
[0034]
Alternatively, the resin film 3 may be heat-sealed only on one surface of the diaphragm base 2 and used as a diaphragm.
[0035]
Moreover, when laminating the resin film 3 on both of the diaphragm base materials 2, the thickness of either one may be increased. In this case, the rigidity can be improved.
[0036]
Further, the present invention can be used particularly preferably for so-called macro speakers, but it goes without saying that the present invention can also be applied to speakers other than micro speakers.
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the diaphragm base material 2 made of woven fabric or knitted fabric and the resin film 3 laminated on the surface thereof are used. Therefore, compared with the diaphragm made of a conventional resin film alone, The resin film 3 fused to the surface of the diaphragm base material 2 can be set thin to reduce the overall weight, the density is lowered, the internal loss is increased by the woven or knitted structure, the Young's modulus, bending rigidity, The speed of sound can be increased, and therefore good sound quality can be obtained even when applied to a small-sized, small-diameter so-called micro speaker.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a filament used in the present invention.
2A is a plan view of a diaphragm base material woven in a net shape, and FIG. 2B is an explanatory view of a state in which an outer sheath material is melted by heating.
3A shows a state in which resin films are laminated on both surfaces of a diaphragm base material, and FIG. 3B shows a state in which the film is heated and fused.
FIG. 4 shows a side view of an example of forming a diaphragm according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 shows a comparison of frequency characteristics between the present invention and a conventional product.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Filament 1a Core material 1b Sheath material 1c The heat sealing | fusion layer 2 which the sheath material fuse | melted 2 Diaphragm base material 3 Resin film 4 Diaphragm A Frequency characteristic B of this invention product B Frequency characteristic of conventional product

Claims (5)

高融点の芯材(1a)の外周に、芯材(1a)より低融点の鞘材(1b)が被覆されてなる複数の芯鞘構造の第1のフィラメント(1)を同方向に配列し、
これら第1のフィラメント(1)に対し交鎖し、かつ縫うようにして同じく芯鞘構造の第2のフィラメント(1)を配列し、ネット状の織物もしくは編物を構成し、
この織物もしくは編物の両面に、前記鞘材(1b)より高融点の樹脂フィルム(3)をそれぞれ配置し、芯材(1a)は溶融させることなく各鞘材(1b)の交絡点付近を溶着し、かつ前記第1のフィラメント(1)の鞘材(1b)と接触する前記樹脂フィルム(3)とを熱融着させ積層構造としたことを特徴とする電気音響変換器用振動板。
A plurality of first filaments (1) having a core-sheath structure in which a sheath material (1b) having a lower melting point than the core material (1a) is coated on the outer periphery of the high-melting core material (1a) is arranged in the same direction. ,
The second filament (1) having the same core-sheath structure is arranged so as to cross and sew with respect to the first filament (1), and constitutes a net-like woven fabric or knitted fabric,
A resin film (3) having a melting point higher than that of the sheath material (1b) is disposed on both sides of the woven or knitted fabric, and the core material (1a) is welded near the entanglement point of each sheath material (1b) without melting. A diaphragm for an electroacoustic transducer, wherein the resin film (3) in contact with the sheath (1b) of the first filament (1) is thermally fused to form a laminated structure .
請求項1記載の両面に樹脂フィルムを熱融着積層したものにおいて、何れか一方の樹脂フィルムの厚みを厚くしたことを特徴とする電気音響変換器用振動板。2. A diaphragm for electroacoustic transducers, wherein one of the resin films is thickened by heat-sealing and laminating resin films on both sides according to claim 1. 請求項1記載のものにおいて、芯材(1a)と鞘材(1b)はそれぞれポリエチレンテレフタレートからなることを特徴とする電気音響変換器用振動板。The electroacoustic transducer diaphragm according to claim 1, wherein the core material (1a) and the sheath material (1b) are each made of polyethylene terephthalate. 請求項1記載のものにおいて、芯材(1a)はポリエチレンテレフタレート、鞘材(1b)はナイロンからなることを特徴とする電気音響変換器用振動板。2. The electroacoustic transducer diaphragm according to claim 1, wherein the core material (1a) is made of polyethylene terephthalate and the sheath material (1b) is made of nylon. 請求項1記載のものにおいて、芯材(1a)はポリエチレンテレフタレート、鞘材(1b)はポリプロピレンからなることを特徴とする電気音響変換器用振動板。2. The electroacoustic transducer diaphragm according to claim 1, wherein the core material (1a) is made of polyethylene terephthalate and the sheath material (1b) is made of polypropylene.
JP2000116088A 2000-04-18 2000-04-18 Diaphragm for electroacoustic transducer Expired - Lifetime JP4282872B2 (en)

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