JP4279898B1 - Airborne body - Google Patents

Abstract

A small, operable and safe air levitation body is provided.
An upper motor 5, an upper propeller fan 6, a lower motor 7, and a lower propeller fan 8 are fixed to a motor base 4 at an axial center portion of a shade-shaped bucket 1 whose outer edge is curved downward. A guide ben 9 and a duct 10 are arranged around the lower motor 7, and the vertical flow generated in the duct 10 is rotated by rotating the upper propeller fan 6 and the lower propeller fan 8 with the upper motor 5 and the lower motor 7. At 9, the flow is changed to a horizontal radiant flow and sprayed downward from the outer peripheral portion of the shade bucket 1, and the aircraft is levitated by the reaction force.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an aircraft flying in the air, and more particularly to an air levitation body that can float and stop in the air.

  Conventionally, airplanes and helicopters are generally used as flying objects. The airplane has fixed wings, and the fixed wings obtain lift by the relative airflow generated by the advancement of the aircraft by the propulsion device, and the aircraft is levitated. Airplanes are excellent as a means of moving in the air at high speeds, but they require long runways to take off and land and cannot stand still in the air, so they are not suitable for easy flight or aerial work.

  The helicopter obtains lift by receiving a relative airflow to the rotor blades by rotating a rotor blade having a large diameter. In the case of a single rotor blade, a small rotor is provided on the side of the tail to eliminate the torque around the vertical axis of the rotor blade due to the rotation of the rotor blade. A helicopter can float and land vertically with a heliport of a certain size, and can move at a relatively high speed, but not as much as an airplane. Also, it can be hovered in the air to lift / hang people and luggage. However, since a large rotor blade is rotated at a high speed, its moment is large and complicated control is required. Therefore, the mechanism becomes large and complicated, and a pilot skilled in handling is required. In addition, since the rotor blades with large radii are exposed, serious accidents in which the rotor is brought into contact with external structures, standing trees, etc. will not be lost.

  Another example of a hovering scheme is a vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) airplane. The jet direction of the jet flow for propulsion of a jet engine, etc. is variable. During takeoff and landing, the jet flow is jetted downward to obtain levitation force, and during horizontal flight, the jet flow is jetted horizontally to obtain propulsive force. To fly. The jet flow direction and propulsive force can be adjusted to hover like a helicopter, but its control is extremely complex, so its use is limited to special applications such as military use.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a vehicle that can be hovered as a flying object that can stand in the air and lift and suspend a relatively light load, or can carry a small number of people and take off and land in a limited space. . As shown in FIG. 4, this hoverable flying body includes an annular wing having the same cross section as the main wing of an airplane, a hollow disk wing lacking a shaft portion, and a blower that blows airflow radially from the center to the wing. Consists of. As the blower, a method of driving a propeller with a prime mover such as an engine to blow air, or a method of introducing a jet flow generated by a jet engine or the like is used. In the figure, the downdraft generated from one blower is diverted radially by a deflecting plate. The airflow sent from the driving body and passing through the wing causes lift to the wing and causes the flying object to float. On the wing, a shunt plate for adjusting the airflow and a muffler for reducing wind noise are installed.

The hoverable flying object described in Patent Document 1 is said to be suitable for work in the air and for relatively short distance movement in a narrow urban area or the like. However, because of the structure in which the wings receive airflow and obtain lift, the length of the wings must be secured in order to obtain the lift necessary to ascend, increasing the radius of the disk-shaped wing and increasing the size of the aircraft There's a problem. In addition, the radial air flow decreases as the blade diameter increases, and it is difficult to ensure lift at the outer periphery of the blade. Furthermore, since the shape of the wing is not suitable for horizontal movement, very complicated control is required to obtain lift and horizontal thrust from the airflow passing through the wing.
JP 2005-119622 A

  Then, this invention makes it a subject to provide a small and easy to operate and safe floating body.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the floating body of the present invention is composed of a bowl-shaped shade body whose peripheral portion is curved downward, a pair of blowers, and an airflow direction changing mechanism. The blower rotates a propeller with a drive unit. A first blower that blows air in the direction of the rotation axis , passes through the shade body at the axial center of the shade body, and sends air taken from above the shade body to the lower side of the shade body, and is positioned below the first blower And the second blower that shares the axial center and generates the upward flow, and the rotation direction of the first blower and the second blower is opposite, and the airflow direction changing mechanism is between the first blower and the second blower. The airflow direction changing mechanism is inserted and the downward wind sent from the first blower and the updraft sent from the second blower are both redirected in the horizontal circumferential direction and sent to the lower surface of the cap body, Furthermore, the bottom surface of the shade body is turned along the curved surface to form a downward jet flow, and the reaction force of the jet flow To generate a floating force and characterized in that fly through the air.

Airflow deflection mechanism, for example, respectively on the same axis of the upper and lower surfaces of the flat plate and forms with the conical surface, may be a form to be deflected in the horizontal direction by receiving the upflow and downflow in conical surface. In addition, a form in which the center of gravity is below the center of the levitation force, a form in which a center of gravity moving device is provided and the center of gravity is moved to incline the aircraft, and a horizontal all-around airflow flowing into the lower surface of the cap body The airframe can be moved horizontally by making it imbalanced by a wind shield, or it can be moved horizontally by incorporating a flapper around the shade body to partially change the direction of the curved curved surface jet flow. be able to. Moreover, the drive machine which drives a fan can be driven with the electric power supplied from the battery mounted on the machine.

  The air levitation body of the present invention jets an air flow generated by two blowers downward at the peripheral edge of the shade body, and obtains a levitation force as a reaction force to levitate and fly. By controlling the balance between the total weight of the airframe and the levitation force by adjusting the blowout flow by increasing / decreasing the output of the blower, it rises and falls. It is possible to hover in the air by balancing the total weight and levitation force.

  In the present invention, since the two fans are arranged point-symmetrically along the central axis of the airframe, the moment around the axis generated when the driving body rotates the propeller is canceled out. Therefore, an unnecessary moment is not applied to the airframe and control is very easy. Further, if the center of gravity of the aircraft is set at a position lower than the center of the levitation force, the posture is autonomously restored when the aircraft is tilted during flight, so that stable flight is possible.

  As described above, in the air levitation body of the present invention, the power of the flight is obtained by rotating the small propeller with the driving body, so that there is no fear that the rotating body comes into contact with the outside, and the mechanical safety is high. In addition, since the action other than the levitation force such as the moment around the axis does not occur, the control is easy. By installing a battery or generator on the aircraft and driving the blower with the power supplied on the aircraft, it is not necessary to connect the ground and the power supply line, so the aircraft can float and move freely. The degree of control increases, and radio control and control by an on-board pilot are possible.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The same constituent elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view taken along a plane passing through the center of the airborne body of the present embodiment. A drive unit 2 is attached to a shaft center portion of the shade bucket 1 via a connection fitting 3. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the shade bucket 1. The shade-shaped bucket 1 is a disc body having a rotating figure whose peripheral edge is curved downward, and a hole is provided at the center. Mounting brackets 3 are fixed at appropriate intervals around the circumference of the hole. Note that a flapper 13 may be provided at an appropriate position on the curved portion of the peripheral edge of the shade-shaped bucket 1 so that the traveling direction can be selected.

  FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the drive unit 2. An upper motor 5 and an upper propeller fan 6 are installed on the upper surface of the motor base 4, and a lower motor 7 and a lower propeller fan 8 are installed on the lower surface. The upper motor 5, the upper propeller fan 6, the lower motor 7, and the lower propeller fan 8 are of the same standard. The bottom of the motor is fixed to the motor base, the upper motor 5 faces upward, and the lower motor 7 faces downward. It is installed point-symmetrically.

  The upper propeller fan 6 is installed so as to blow downward by forward rotation, and the lower propeller fan 8 is arranged to blow upward by forward rotation. The forward rotations of both propeller fans are in the same direction with respect to the motor and rotate in opposite directions when viewed from the airframe. For example, if the upper propeller fan 6 rotates rightward when viewed from above the fuselage, the lower propeller fan 8 is assembled so as to rotate counterclockwise when viewed from above the aircraft.

  Around the upper motor 5 and the lower motor 7, a cone-shaped guide ben 9 having a motor base 4 as a bottom surface is provided. The guide ben 9 changes the downward flow blown from the upper propeller fan 6 and the upward flow blown from the lower propeller fan 8 into horizontal winds that flow radially from the center to the outer edge side and are substantially uniform in the circumferential direction. .

A duct 10 is provided around the upper motor 5 and the lower motor 7. The duct 10 guides the airflow generated by the rotation of the propeller fan to the guide ben 9. A gap is opened between the duct 10 and the motor base 4 so that the horizontal flow redirected by the guide ben 9 is ejected toward the lower surface of the shade bucket 1.
The motor base 4 is provided with mounting bolts 11 and spacers 12 for connecting to the mounting bracket 3. Furthermore, a battery, a control device, a center-of-gravity moving device, a steering device, and the like (not shown) are provided. In the case of large aircraft, cockpits, cabins, etc. are also provided.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the mechanism by which the airborne body of the present embodiment floats and flies.
The levitating body of the present embodiment flies by an airflow generated by rotating a propeller fan by a motor. When the upper motor 5 rotates the upper propeller fan 6, air is taken in from above the shade bucket 1 to form a downward flow in the duct 10. The downward flow reaches the guide ben 9 and is turned into a horizontal flow, and becomes a radial centrifugal air flow from the center to the outer periphery on the upper surface of the motor base 4. Similarly, the upward flow generated from the lower propeller fan 8 forms a radial centrifugal airflow on the lower surface of the motor base 4.

  Note that the horizontal airflow ejected from the gap opened between the duct 10 and the motor base 4 draws the airflow from the surroundings to become an accompanying flow, and increases the airflow to flow along the lower surface of the shade bucket 1. . An opening is also provided between the edge of the opening formed in the axial center portion of the shade bucket 1 and the duct 10 provided around the upper motor 5. This opening also has an effect of generating an accompanying flow with respect to the horizontal flow formed by the upper propeller fan 6 and being involved in the centrifugal air flow to increase the air flow rate.

The centrifugal airflow formed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the motor base 4 flows along the lower surface of the cap-shaped bucket 1 from the motor base 4, is turned downward at the curved portion, and is jetted downward from the end of the cap-shaped bucket 1. As the reaction force of the downward jet flow, the aircraft obtains a levitation force.
If the output of the motor is increased to increase the flow velocity of the airflow, and the resulting levitation force exceeds the total weight of the aircraft, the aircraft will take off and rise. If the motor output is reduced and the levitation force is less than the weight of the aircraft, the aircraft will descend. In addition, if the levitation force is balanced with the weight of the aircraft, it can stand still in the air.

  When moving horizontally, if the center of gravity moves in the direction you want to move with the center of gravity moving device, the aircraft will tilt and the airflow will be ejected in an oblique direction. Can move to. Although not shown, the center-of-gravity moving device is composed of, for example, a heavy object and an actuator. When stationary, the center of gravity of the airframe is decentered by moving the heavy object located at the axial center of the airframe in an arbitrary direction with the actuator.

As a method of horizontally moving, in addition to the center of gravity moving device, the motor base 4 may be provided with a movable rectifying blade. The horizontal component force can also be obtained by changing the flow rate of the jet flow.
In addition, an impeller is installed in the wind path of the driving airflow, and the amount of air passing through the position of the obstacle on the circumference is reduced compared to others, resulting in an imbalance in propulsive force. The aircraft can also be moved horizontally. The obstacle is effective as long as it obstructs the wind. For example, the obstruction may be changed by rotating a flat plate around an axis to block the wind. Moreover, the mechanism which inserts a windshield from the side of an air path may be sufficient. The obstacle can be provided at an appropriate position in a gap opened between the duct 10 and the motor base 4, for example.

  Alternatively, as indicated by a dotted line in FIG. 2, the flapper 13 may be provided at an appropriate position in the curved portion of the peripheral edge of the shade bucket 1. The disc body can be moved horizontally by adjusting the jet direction and jet speed of the airflow that changes direction on the inner surface of the shade-shaped bucket 1 depending on how the flapper 13 is opened. An appropriate number of flappers 13 are arranged at appropriate positions so that the horizontal traveling direction of the aircraft can be appropriately selected.

Further, a motor and propeller fan of the same standard 2 Kisonae, since the arranged point symmetrically coaxially mind, the symmetrical rotational moment of the upper and lower propeller fans around the axis occurring body by the rotation of the propeller fan Be countered. Further, the force for lowering the airframe generated by the downward flow from the upper propeller fan 6 is canceled by the upward flow from the lower propeller fan 8. Therefore, the air levitation body of this embodiment is very easy to control because no action other than the levitation force generated in the shade bucket 1 during flight occurs. Further, since it is not necessary to provide a small rotor or the like in order to cancel the moment, the airframe is not enlarged or complicated.

  In addition, two motors and propeller fans of the same standard are provided and arranged coaxially in point symmetry, so the moment around the axis generated by the rotation of the propeller fan is canceled by the symmetrical rotation of the upper and lower propeller fans. It is. Further, the force for lowering the airframe generated by the downward flow from the upper propeller fan 6 is canceled by the upward flow from the lower propeller fan 8. Therefore, the air levitation body of this embodiment is very easy to control because no action other than the levitation force generated in the shade bucket 1 during flight occurs. Further, since it is not necessary to provide a small rotor or the like in order to cancel the moment, the airframe is not enlarged or complicated.

  It should be noted that it is preferable to operate with the outputs of the upper motor 5 and the lower motor 7 being always equal. However, when it is desired to rotate the aircraft to change the direction, the aircraft can be rotated by changing the output of the vertical motor so that the moments generated in the aircraft are different.

  Although not shown in the figure, by placing heavy components such as a lower motor, a control device, a battery, and a cabin below the fuselage so that the center of gravity of the fuselage is below the center of the resultant force of the levitation force, Self-restoring can be ensured when tilted. Even during horizontal movement of the aircraft, if the center of gravity of the aircraft is returned to the center, the tilted aircraft will autonomously return to the horizontal posture, so safety is high and maneuvering is extremely easy.

  In the airborne body of the present embodiment, the propeller fan, which is a rotating part, is relatively small and is not exposed greatly to the outside, so there is little risk of causing an accident. If a safety net is attached to the air intake to prevent contact with foreign matter, safety is further improved.

  Aircraft up to 1m in diameter use a lithium polymer battery as a power source, and use a remote control for operation and an operation line that connects the ground and the aircraft. The acquired video can be transmitted to the base station.

Aircraft up to 3m in diameter use a lithium-ion battery as a power source, move in a wide area by automatic piloting using the global positioning system (GPS), and take a bird's-eye view of the target site with a camera and video Or send video to the base station.
Furthermore, in large aircraft, it is difficult to access personnel and materials to sites such as wetlands and mountainous areas that are difficult to access by manned operation by pilots or automatic operation using GPS with lithium-ion batteries as the power source. Construction work such as loading and unloading, transporting felled timber to the accumulation area, and lifting and unloading materials at construction sites where cranes cannot be carried can be performed.

In this embodiment, a battery-driven motor is used to generate the airflow, but it goes without saying that a jet engine or the like can be used.
As described above, the air levitation body of the present embodiment is an air levitation body that can take off vertically from a limited take-off space and move freely in the air, and the airframe is small, simple, safe, and maneuverable. Is extremely high.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used for shooting in the air, spraying agricultural chemicals, lifting and hanging materials, and transporting goods and humans.
For example, in a small aircraft, it is possible to take a bird's-eye view of the ground from above the site and transmit the video to the base station by remote control. The medium-sized aircraft can move by automatic piloting using GPS and can take a bird's-eye view of the ground. On larger aircraft, personnel and materials can be carried in and out of the site, which is difficult to access due to manned operation by the pilot, remote control, etc. Construction work such as lifting and unloading materials at the construction site is possible.

It is a schematic sectional drawing of the air floating body in one Example of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the shade shaped bucket in a present Example. It is sectional drawing of the drive unit in a present Example. It is sectional drawing explaining the mechanism in which the air levitating body of a present Example floats and flies. It is a conceptual diagram of a conventional airborne body.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shade-shaped bucket 2 Drive unit 3 Connection metal fitting 4 Motor base 5 Upper motor 6 Upper propeller fan 7 Lower motor 8 Lower propeller fan 9 Guide ben 10 Duct 11 Mounting bolt 12 Spacer 13 Flapper

Claims (7)

It is composed of a bowl-shaped shade body whose peripheral edge is curved downward, a pair of blowers, and an airflow diverting mechanism. The blower rotates a propeller with a driving device and blows air in the rotation axis direction. A first blower that passes through the cap body at the axial center of the body and takes in air from above the cap body to send it down to make a descending wind, and is located below the first blower and shares the shaft center It consists of a second blower that generates an upward flow, and the rotation direction of the first blower and the second blower is opposite, and the airflow direction changing mechanism is inserted between the first blower and the second blower. and which, airflow deflection mechanism, it sends both the rising air sent from the lowered air sent from the first blower and the second blower is deflected in the horizontal entire circumferential direction on the lower surface of the shade body Furthermore, the lower surface of the shade body is turned along the curved surface to form a downward jet flow, and the reaction force of the jet flow Airborne floating body, characterized in that fly in the air by generating a lifting force and. The air flow diverting mechanism in the form with each conical surface on the flat upper and lower surfaces of the same axis, increasing wind sent from the descending air sent from the first air blower in該錐surface the second blower The air levitation body according to claim 1, wherein the air levitation body is deflected in the horizontal circumferential direction.   3. The air levitation body according to claim 1, wherein the center of gravity of the entire air levitation body is below the center of the levitation force. 4.   The air levitation body according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a center-of-gravity moving device that moves in a horizontal direction by moving the center of gravity and tilting the airframe.   Furthermore, one or more wind shields are provided in the air flow path while the air flow generated by the blower is redirected in the horizontal circumferential direction by the air flow redirecting mechanism and sent to the lower surface of the cap body. The air levitation body according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the airframe is moved in the horizontal direction by preventing the airflow at a predetermined position by the windbreak device. The cap body is selected by providing a member that partially changes the bending angle at the position of the curved surface and operating the member to adjust the jet direction of the jet flow in the circumferential direction of the cap body . The airborne body according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the airborne body is horizontally moved in a direction.   The levitating body according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the driving machine is driven by a battery mounted on the machine.

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