JP4277277B2 - Cyclone centrifuge - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a cyclone type centrifugal separation device that separates and removes fine substances such as fine powdery debris contained in a fluid.

  For example, in a machining apparatus, cutting is performed while supplying a cutting fluid from a supply tank, and the cutting fluid contains fine powder cutting scraps. The cutting fluid containing the fine powdery cutting waste is supplied to the filter device, the cutting waste is removed by the filter device, and the cutting fluid is returned to the supply tank (for example, Patent Document 1).

  In such filter devices, for example, there is a device that removes cutting debris by a filter film or by removing precipitation, and all of them remove fine powder-like cutting debris contained in a large amount in the cutting fluid. There is a problem that it cannot be reliably removed in a short time by the apparatus. In addition, the filter membrane may be clogged. If the filter membrane is clogged, the filter device must first be disassembled and the filter membrane must be cleaned. When this cleaning work or use becomes impossible, replacement work occurs. In addition, when the filter membrane is used repeatedly, the filtration accuracy is deteriorated and the filter membrane is likely to be clogged.

When a cyclone centrifugal device is used instead of such a filter device, a liquid containing fines is swirled at a predetermined flow rate from the liquid inflow passage, and the fines are moved outwardly in a centrifugal state from the liquid outflow passage. Since the fluid from which the fine objects are separated is discharged and the separated fine objects are settled by decelerating the spiral, problems such as clogging are eliminated (for example, Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3).
JP 2001-137743 A JP-A-10-286493 JP 2000-288425 A

  By the way, in the cyclone type centrifugal separator, since the liquid inflow passage is formed along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the cyclone section, the liquid containing fines is supplied from the liquid inflow passage along the inner wall of the cyclone section. When turning, a frictional resistance is generated. Since the vortex flow is disturbed by this frictional resistance, the sedimentation speed of fine objects in the liquid is reduced, and a predetermined separation processing amount and separation performance may not be obtained.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and an object thereof is to provide a cyclone centrifugal apparatus capable of reducing the turbulence of the spiral flow and improving the separation processing amount and the separation performance.

  In order to solve the above problems and achieve the object, the present invention is configured as follows.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the liquid containing the fine substance is supplied from the liquid discharge passage to generate the vortex at a predetermined flow rate, and the fine object is moved outward in the centrifugal state to separate the fine substance from the liquid outflow passage. A cyclone section for discharging the fluid and decelerating the spiral to settle the separated fines;
An orifice ring in which the liquid discharge passage is formed at a plurality of locations;
A hydraulic chamber formed in communication with the periphery of the liquid discharge passages at the plurality of locations;
A liquid introduction passage for introducing a liquid containing the fine substance into the hydraulic chamber;
Have
The liquid discharge passage is formed by being deviated with respect to the axis of the orifice ring ,
The orifice ring is composed of an inner ring body having an outlet liquid discharge passage and an outer ring body having an inlet liquid discharge passage,
The cyclone centrifugal device is characterized in that the amount of liquid flowing into the liquid discharge passage can be varied by sliding the inner ring body and the outer ring body in the circumferential direction .

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the liquid containing the fine substance is supplied from the liquid discharge passage to generate a vortex at a predetermined flow rate, and the fine substance is moved outward in the centrifugal state to separate the fine substance from the liquid outflow passage. Disposing the fluid, arranging a plurality of cyclone parts in parallel to decelerate the spiral and settle the separated fines,
Orifice rings formed at a plurality of locations in each of the cyclones,
A hydraulic chamber formed in communication with the periphery of the liquid discharge passages at the plurality of locations;
A liquid introduction passage for introducing a liquid containing the fine substance into the hydraulic chamber;
An external discharge part that collects and discharges the liquid outflow passages of the respective cyclone parts;
Have
The liquid discharge passage is formed by being deviated with respect to the axis of the orifice ring ,
The orifice ring is composed of an inner ring body having an outlet liquid discharge passage and an outer ring body having an inlet liquid discharge passage,
The cyclone centrifugal device is characterized in that the amount of liquid flowing into the liquid discharge passage can be varied by sliding the inner ring body and the outer ring body in the circumferential direction .

The invention according to claim 3 is the cyclone centrifugal device according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the liquid discharge passages are arranged at a plurality of symmetrical positions as viewed from the axial direction. is there.

The invention according to claim 4 is the cyclone centrifugal separator according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the liquid discharge passages are arranged at equal intervals.

The invention according to claim 5 is the cyclone centrifugal device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the liquid discharge passage is formed in a curved shape.

The invention according to claim 6 is the cyclone according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the liquid discharge passage has a cross-sectional area on the inlet side larger than a cross-sectional area on the outlet side. Type centrifuge.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, the liquid discharge passage has a straight straight passage surface parallel to a tangent to the inner wall of the orifice ring, and a convex curved passage surface on the straight passage surface side. The cyclone-type centrifuge according to claim 6.

The invention according to claim 8, in the direction of passage axis substantially parallel or substantially perpendicular of said liquid introduction passage, one of the claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a passage axis of said liquid discharge passage The cyclone type centrifugal separator according to claim 1.

  With the above configuration, the present invention has the following effects.

In the first aspect of the present invention, the liquid discharge passage is formed so as to be displaced with respect to the axis of the orifice ring , so that the liquid containing fines supplied from the liquid introduction passage to the hydraulic pressure chamber is liquid discharge passage. When it is supplied to the cyclone and swirls along the inner wall, the frictional resistance with the inner wall is reduced, the turbulence is not disturbed, the sedimentation speed of fines in the liquid does not decrease, and the predetermined separation processing amount And separation performance can be obtained. In addition, the frictional resistance with the inner wall of the orifice ring can be reduced, a large spiral along the inner wall can be obtained, and the inner ring body and the outer ring body slide in the circumferential direction to cause a liquid discharge passage. By changing the liquid inflow amount, the separation particle size can be easily changed.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the liquid discharge passage is formed so as to be deviated with respect to the axis of the orifice ring , so that the liquid containing the fine substance supplied from the liquid introduction passage to the hydraulic chamber is liquid discharge passage. Is supplied to each cyclone part, and when swirling along the inner wall of the cyclone part, the frictional resistance with the inner wall is reduced, the turbulence is not disturbed, and the sedimentation speed of fines in the liquid does not decrease, A predetermined separation throughput and separation performance can be obtained. In addition, the frictional resistance with the inner wall of the orifice ring can be reduced, a large spiral along the inner wall can be obtained, and the inner ring body and the outer ring body slide in the circumferential direction to cause a liquid discharge passage. By changing the liquid inflow amount, the separation particle size can be easily changed.

In the invention according to claim 3 , the frictional resistance with the inner wall of the orifice ring can be reduced, and a large vortex along the inner wall can be obtained. In addition, the liquid can be discharged from a plurality of symmetrical positions and turbulent. A rectified liquid swirl having no separation can be obtained, and as a result, a predetermined separation processing amount and separation performance can be obtained.

In the invention according to claim 4 , the frictional resistance with the inner wall of the orifice ring can be reduced, and a large spiral along the inner wall can be obtained. No rectified liquid swirls can be obtained, resulting in a predetermined separation throughput and separation performance.

In the invention of claim 5 , the frictional resistance with the inner wall of the orifice ring can be reduced, and in addition to obtaining a large spiral along the inner wall, the liquid discharge passage is formed in a curve. Thus, a turbulent rectified spiral without any disturbance along the inner wall of the orifice ring can be obtained, and as a result, a predetermined separation throughput and separation performance can be obtained.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the frictional resistance with the inner wall of the orifice ring can be reduced, and a large spiral along the inner wall can be obtained. Since the flow area from the liquid discharge passage is increased, a predetermined separation processing amount and separation performance can be obtained.

In the seventh aspect of the invention, the liquid discharge passage has a straight straight passage surface and a curved passage surface, so that the flow velocity is increased by the straight passage surface and the curved passage surface, and a predetermined separation processing amount and separation performance can be obtained. Obtainable.

In the invention according to claim 8 , the frictional resistance with the inner wall of the orifice ring can be reduced, and a large spiral along the inner wall can be obtained. In addition, the orifice ring is different from the orifice ring having different liquid discharge passages. By exchanging, the separation particle size can be easily changed.

According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, the frictional resistance with the inner wall of the orifice ring can be reduced, and a large spiral along the inner wall can be obtained. In addition, the passage axis of the liquid introduction passage is substantially parallel or substantially orthogonal. The liquid can be discharged and supplied from the direction in which it is performed.

  Hereinafter, although the embodiment of the cyclone centrifugal separator of the present invention will be described, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. The embodiment of the present invention shows the most preferable mode of the present invention, and the terminology of the present invention is not limited to this.

  The cyclone centrifuge of this embodiment is used for filtering fine materials such as pharmaceutical, chemical, food and beverage ingredients, and for collecting fine materials such as cutting powders for automobiles, machine tools and processing industries. Used for filtration of circulating water and wastewater in factories, water treatment, etc., removal of fines such as impurities such as semiconductors and biotechnology, and removal of fines such as washing water and solvents, etc. Widely used for separating and removing contained fines.

  An example of the cyclone centrifugal device of the first embodiment is shown in FIGS. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a cyclone-type centrifuge, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the cyclone-type centrifuge, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG.

  In this embodiment, a case of using for collecting fine objects such as machine tools and cutting powder of processing industry will be described. In this embodiment, although it is used about the case where the fine thing of fine powdery waste contained in a liquid is removed, it should just be a fine thing and is not limited to fine powdery waste. The cyclone centrifugal device 1 of this embodiment has a cyclone part 3 and a particle collecting part 4 in a vertical direction in a sealed cylinder 2, and the sealed cylinder 2 is formed of a metal such as SUS or aluminum. There is strength.

  The cyclone part 3 has two upper and lower tapered parts 3 a and 3 b, and the lower tapered part 3 b communicates with the particle collecting part 4 through the communication hole 5. A fluid containing fines is supplied from the liquid discharge passage 10 in the cyclone unit 3 to generate a vortex at a predetermined flow rate, and the fines are separated from the liquid outflow passage 11 by moving the fines outward in a centrifugal state. Discharge and decelerate the vortex to settle the separated fines.

  The separated fines settled in the cyclone section 3 fall and accumulate in the particle collecting section 4 through the communication holes 5. In the particle collecting unit 4, a drain valve 6 is connected to a lower discharge hole 4 a, and fine drainage accumulated in the particle collecting unit 4 is discharged by the drain valve 6.

  The cyclone centrifuge 1 of this embodiment includes a liquid pressure chamber 12 formed by disposing the liquid discharge passages 10 at a plurality of locations and communicating around the liquid discharge passages 10 at the plurality of locations. And a liquid introduction passage 13 for introducing a liquid containing fine substances. A plurality of liquid discharge passages 10 are formed in an orifice ring 14, and the orifice ring 14 is disposed inside an introduction pipe portion 20 having a liquid introduction passage 13 for introducing a liquid containing a fine substance. A fluid pressure chamber 12 communicating with the liquid discharge passage 10 is formed between the nozzle ring 14 and the orifice ring 14.

  In this embodiment, the introduction pipe part 20 is formed in the upper part of the cyclone part 3 in the vertical direction with an upper opening, and is composed of a liquid inflow part 20a having the liquid discharge passage 10, and the liquid inflow part 20a The opening is closed with a lid 20b having a liquid outflow passage 11, and the orifice ring 14 is detachably supported between the liquid inflow portion 20a and the lid 20b. The packing 30 is engaged with the annular groove 20a1 of the liquid inflow portion 20a, the packing 31 is engaged with the annular groove 20b1 of the lid 20b, and the orifice ring 14 is liquid-tightly supported between the packing 30 and the packing 31. Has been. The orifice ring 14 is provided in a replaceable manner.

  Between the orifice ring 14 and the cylindrical portion 20b2 forming the liquid outflow passage 11 of the lid 20b, an introduction chamber 19 communicating with the upper taper portion 3a of the cyclone portion 3 is formed. The cutting fluid, which is a fluid, is supplied from a plurality of liquid discharge passages 10 to the introduction chamber 19 and enters the upper taper portion 3a as a vortex.

  In this embodiment, the four liquid discharge passages 10 are slightly deviated by a distance δ11 inward from the tangential direction L11 of the inner wall 14c of the orifice ring 14 and changed in direction by 90 degrees. By forming the liquid discharge passage 10 so as to be deviated inward from the tangential direction L11 of the inner wall 14c of the orifice ring 14, the liquid containing the fine material supplied from the liquid introduction passage 10 to the hydraulic pressure chamber 12 is supplied to the liquid discharge passage. When supplied from 10 to the cyclone unit 3 and swung along the inner wall of the cyclone unit 3, the frictional resistance is reduced, the speed of the spiral is increased, the separation particle size can be reduced, and the separation accuracy is improved.

  Further, the liquid discharge passage 10 is displaced inward by 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm as a distance δ11 from the tangential direction L11 of the inner wall 14c of the orifice ring 14. If the liquid discharge passage 10 is too close to the tangential direction L11 of the inner wall 14c of the orifice ring 14, the frictional resistance cannot be reduced, and if it is too far, a large swirl along the inner wall cannot be obtained. By deviating 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm inward from the tangential direction of the inner wall 14 c, the frictional resistance with the inner wall 14 c of the orifice ring 14 can be reduced, and a large vortex along the inner wall can be obtained.

  Further, the liquid discharge passages 10 are arranged at a plurality of four symmetric positions as viewed from the axial direction of the cyclone unit 3. Friction resistance with the inner wall 14c of the orifice ring 14 can be reduced, and a large vortex along the inner wall 14c can be obtained. In addition, liquid can be discharged from a plurality of symmetrical positions, and rectified liquid can be discharged without turbulence. As a result, a predetermined separation processing amount and separation performance can be obtained.

  Further, the liquid discharge passages 10 are arranged at equally spaced positions of 90 degrees. Friction resistance with the inner wall 14c of the orifice ring 14 can be reduced, and in addition to obtaining a large vortex along the inner wall 14c, the liquid can be discharged from an equally spaced position, and the rectified liquid without turbulence can be discharged. A spiral can be obtained, and as a result, a predetermined separation throughput and separation performance can be obtained.

  The cyclone-type centrifugal separation device 1 of this embodiment is arranged in a system that performs cutting while supplying a cutting fluid that is a fluid, for example, and uses a cyclone to remove a cutting fluid that contains fine powder-like cutting scraps that are fine objects. This is supplied to the mold centrifuge 1 and the cutting waste is removed by the cyclone centrifuge 1 to return the cutting fluid to a supply tank or the like.

  The cutting fluid is introduced into the hydraulic pressure chamber 12 from the liquid introduction passage 13 of the cyclone centrifugal apparatus 1, and the cutting fluid is supplied from the hydraulic pressure chamber 12 to the upper tapered portion 3 a of the cyclone portion 3 through the liquid discharge passages 10. To generate a vortex at a predetermined flow rate. From this upper taper portion 3a to the lower taper portion 3b, a vortex is generated at a predetermined flow rate, resulting in a centrifugal state. Due to this action, fines are moved outwards, and the clean fluid from which fines have been removed flows from the axial direction toward the liquid outflow passage 11 Ascend to flow. By decelerating the spiral from the upper taper portion 3a to the lower taper portion 3b, the fine matter settles and is guided to the communication hole 5 and sequentially enters the lower particle collecting portion 4, and the fine matter 40 is transferred to the particles. It settles in the collection part 4.

  In the cyclone centrifugal separator 1 of this embodiment, the processing flow rate can be increased by increasing the liquid discharge passage 10. Further, the supply pressures of the liquid discharge passages 10 at a plurality of locations are made uniform by the fluid pressure chamber 12, and a vortex of the rectified cutting fluid without any disturbance can be obtained. As a result, the flow velocity is increased and the separation particle size is reduced. Possible and improved separation accuracy. Further, the treatment flow rate can be increased from the pipe 41 connected to the liquid introduction passage 13 at one location by the hydraulic pressure chamber 12, and it is not necessary to provide a plurality of pipes, and it is small and it is easy to secure an arrangement space.

  In addition, by arranging an orifice ring 14 in which the liquid discharge passage 10 is formed at a plurality of locations inside the introduction pipe portion 20, a liquid communicating with the liquid discharge passage 10 is provided between the introduction pipe portion 20 and the orifice ring 14. The pressure chamber 12 can be easily formed.

  4 to 6 show a second embodiment of the cyclone centrifuge, FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the cyclone centrifuge, FIG. 5 is a plan view of the cyclone centrifuge, and FIG. It is sectional drawing which follows the VI-VI line.

  The cyclone centrifuge 1 of this embodiment has a plurality of cyclone sections 3 arranged in parallel as in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 4, and the embodiment of FIGS. The same components as those in FIG.

  In this embodiment, five cyclone units 3 are arranged, and each cyclone unit 3 is supplied with a liquid containing fine substances from the liquid discharge passage 10 to generate a vortex at a predetermined flow rate, and the fine objects are centrifuged. Is moved outward to discharge the fluid from which the fine objects have been separated from the liquid outflow passage 11, and the spiral is decelerated to settle the separated fine objects. A plurality of liquid discharge passages 10 are arranged in each cyclone portion 3, and a fluid pressure chamber 12 is formed in communication with the plurality of liquid discharge passages 10. The fluid pressure chamber 12 is formed in the orifice ring 14, and a liquid introduction passage 13 that communicates with the liquid discharge passage 10 and introduces a liquid containing a fine substance is formed. Moreover, the external discharge part 50 which collects and discharges the liquid outflow passage 11 of each cyclone part 3 is formed.

  In this way, a plurality of cyclone portions 3 are arranged in parallel, and a liquid cutting fluid containing fine substances is introduced from the liquid introduction passage 13 into the hydraulic chamber 12, and a plurality of liquid discharge passages 10 are provided from the hydraulic chamber 12. By supplying a liquid containing fines to each cyclone unit 3 to generate a vortex at a predetermined flow rate and increasing the cyclone unit 3, the processing flow rate can be further increased. Further, the supply pressures of the liquid discharge passages 10 at a plurality of locations in each cyclone unit 3 are made uniform by the hydraulic chambers 12, and a liquid swirl containing rectified fines without any disturbance is obtained in each cyclone unit 3. As a result, a predetermined separation processing amount and separation performance can be obtained.

  Further, the processing flow rate can be increased from the pipe 51 connected to one liquid introduction passage 13 by the hydraulic pressure chamber 12, so that it is not necessary to provide a plurality of pipes 51, and a plurality of cyclone portions 3 can be arranged in a small size. It is easy to secure space.

  In this embodiment, the external discharge part 50 is arranged on a line L2 different from the extension line L1 of the liquid introduction passage 13. In the case where the external discharge part 50 is arranged on a line L2 orthogonal to the extension line L1 of the liquid introduction passage 13, and the cyclone centrifugal device 1 is arranged in a corner part of equipment or facility, the external discharge part When the piping direction of 50 and the liquid introduction passage 13 is different, the cyclone centrifugal device 1 can be arranged without changing the piping direction.

  The liquid discharge passage 10 of this embodiment is formed so as to be displaced inward from the tangential direction L11 of the inner wall 14c of each orifice ring 14 as in the embodiment of FIGS. The liquid discharge passage 10 is displaced 0.5 mm to 2 mm inward from the tangential direction of the inner wall 14 c of the orifice ring 14, and is arranged at equally spaced positions at a plurality of symmetrical positions as viewed from the axial direction. .

  7 to 9 show a third embodiment of the cyclone centrifuge, FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the cyclone centrifuge, FIG. 8 is a plan view of the cyclone centrifuge, and FIG. It is sectional drawing which follows the IX-IX line.

  The cyclone centrifuge 1 of this embodiment has a plurality of cyclone sections 3 arranged in parallel as in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 4, and the embodiment of FIGS. The same components as those in FIG.

  Further, in this embodiment, five cyclone portions 3 are arranged as in the embodiment of FIGS. 4 to 6, but the external discharge portion 50 is arranged on the extension line L <b> 1 of the liquid introduction passage 13. Yes. The external discharge part 50 is arranged on the extension line L1 of the liquid introduction passage 13, and the piping direction of the external discharge part 50 and the liquid introduction passage 13 is the same in the case where the external discharge part 50 is arranged on a straight line or the like between devices. In this case, the cyclone centrifugal separator 1 can be arranged without changing the piping direction.

  Next, another embodiment of the orifice ring 14 used in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, and the embodiment shown in FIGS. 10 to 13, the liquid discharge passage 10 is similarly formed to be displaced inward from the tangential direction L11 of the inner wall 14 c of the orifice ring 14.

  In the orifice ring 14 of the embodiment of FIG. 10, the liquid discharge passages 10 are disposed at a plurality of two symmetrical positions as viewed from the axial direction, and are positioned at equal intervals of 180 degrees. 10A to 10C, the liquid discharge passage 10 is formed in a straight line.

  In this way, the orifice ring 14 can obtain a vortex of rectified liquid without any disturbance by arranging the liquid discharge passages 10 at a plurality of symmetrical positions when viewed from the axial direction, resulting in a flow velocity. The separation particle size can be reduced and the separation accuracy is improved. Further, the liquid discharge passages 10 are arranged at equally spaced positions, and a turbulent liquid swirl without turbulence can be obtained. As a result, a predetermined separation processing amount and separation performance can be obtained.

  FIG. 10 (d) shows another embodiment of the liquid discharge passage 10, where the cross-sectional area of the inlet side 10e of the liquid discharge passage 10 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the outlet side 10f, and the liquid flows from the inlet side 10e to the outlet side 10f. Accordingly, the flow velocity from the liquid discharge passage 10 is increased, and the separation particle size can be reduced and the separation accuracy is improved.

  FIG. 10E shows another embodiment of the liquid discharge passage 10, which is configured in the same manner as FIG. 10D, but is a straight straight line parallel to the tangent line in the cross section orthogonal to the axial direction. The passage surface 10g1 has a curved passage surface 10g2 having a convex curve on the straight passage surface side. The straight passage surface 10g1 and the curved passage surface 10g2 increase the flow velocity from the liquid discharge passage 10 to reduce the separation particle size and improve the separation accuracy.

  In the orifice ring 14 according to the embodiment of FIG. 11, the liquid discharge passages 10 are arranged at a plurality of four symmetrical positions as viewed from the axial direction, and are positioned at equal intervals of 90 degrees. In FIG. 11A to FIG. 11C, the liquid discharge passage 10 is formed linearly.

  FIG. 11 (d) shows another embodiment of the liquid discharge passage 10, and this embodiment also has a larger cross-sectional area on the inlet side 10 e of the four liquid discharge passages 10 than the cross-sectional area on the outlet side 10 f. The pressure is gradually reduced from the inlet side 10e toward the outlet side 10f, thereby increasing the flow velocity from the four liquid discharge passages 10 and obtaining a predetermined separation processing amount and separation performance.

  FIG. 11 (e) shows another embodiment of the liquid discharge passage 10. In this embodiment, four liquid discharge passages 10 are configured similarly to the embodiment of FIG. 10 (e).

  In the orifice ring 14 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 12, the liquid discharge passages 10 are arranged at a plurality of four symmetrical positions as viewed from the axial direction, and are positioned at equal intervals of 90 degrees. In FIG. 12A to FIG. 12C, the liquid discharge passage 10 is formed in a curved shape. Since the liquid discharge passage 10 is formed in a curved line, a turbulent vortex without turbulence along the inner wall 14c of the orifice ring 14 can be obtained, and as a result, a predetermined separation processing amount and separation performance can be obtained. it can.

  FIG. 12 (d) shows another embodiment of the liquid discharge passage 10, where the cross-sectional area of the inlet side 10 e of the liquid discharge passage 10 formed in a curve is larger than the cross-sectional area of the outlet side 10 f, and the liquid is on the inlet side 10 e. The pressure is gradually reduced from the liquid outlet 10f toward the outlet 10f, whereby the flow velocity from the liquid discharge passage 10 is increased, and a predetermined separation processing amount and separation performance can be obtained.

  The orifice ring 14 of the embodiment of FIG. 13 includes an inner ring body 14a having an outlet side liquid discharge passage 10a and an outer ring body 14b having an inlet side liquid discharge passage 10b. In the inner ring body 14a and the outer ring body 14b, holding pieces 14b1 formed at both ends of the outer ring body 14b hold both ends of the inner ring body 14a, and the inner ring body 14a and the outer ring body 14b slide in the circumferential direction. It is possible to move.

  By sliding the inner ring body 10a and the outer ring body 10b in the circumferential direction, the restriction of the liquid discharge passage 10 changes depending on the degree of overlap between the outlet side liquid discharge passage 10a and the inlet side liquid discharge passage 10b. Thereby, the amount of liquid inflow through the liquid discharge passage 10 is variable, and the separation particle size can be easily changed.

  FIG. 13 (d) shows another embodiment of the liquid discharge passage 10, where the cross-sectional area of the inlet side 110 of the outlet-side liquid discharge passage 10 a formed in a curve is larger than the cross-sectional area of the outlet side 111, and the inlet side. The cross-sectional area of the inlet side 120 of the liquid discharge passage 10b is larger than the cross-sectional area of the outlet side 121, and the liquid is gradually squeezed from the inlet side toward the outlet side. Separation throughput and separation performance can be obtained.

  FIG. 13E shows another embodiment of the liquid discharge passage 10, which is configured in the same manner as FIG. 13D, but is a straight straight line parallel to the tangent line in the cross section orthogonal to the axial direction. The passage surfaces 10g11 and 10g12 and the curved passage surfaces 10g21 and 10g22 having convex curves are provided on the straight passage surface side. The straight passage surfaces 10g11 and 10g12 and the curved passage surfaces 10g21 and 10g22 increase the flow velocity from the liquid discharge passage 10 and enable the separation particle size to be reduced, thereby improving the separation accuracy.

  The position and the number of the liquid discharge passages 10 are not particularly limited, and a structure in which the flow rate of liquid discharged from the hydraulic pressure chamber 12 to the introduction chamber 19 is preferable, and this structure is not particularly limited.

  As described above, the liquid discharge passage 10 of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 13 is formed to be deviated inward from the tangential direction L11 of the inner wall 14c of the orifice ring 14, and the liquid introduction passage 13 When the liquid containing the fine substance supplied to the pressure chamber is supplied from the liquid discharge passage 10 to the cyclone unit 3 and swirls along the inner wall of the cyclone unit 3, the frictional resistance is reduced and the flow speed of the spiral is increased. A predetermined separation throughput and separation performance can be obtained.

  FIGS. 14 to 16 show a fourth embodiment of the cyclone centrifuge, FIG. 14 is a sectional view of the cyclone centrifuge, FIG. 15 is a plan view of the cyclone centrifuge, and FIG. It is sectional drawing which follows the XVI-XVI line.

  The cyclone centrifugal separator 101 of this embodiment has a cyclone unit 102 and a particle collection box 103 in the vertical direction. The cyclone portion 102 is formed of an insulating material such as resin or a conductive metal such as SUS. In the upper part of the cyclone section 102, a liquid outflow passage 104 is provided at the shaft core, and a liquid introduction passage 105 is provided at a position displaced from the shaft core. The liquid outflow passage 104 is formed by a tube 106 penetrating the upper part of the cyclone unit 102, and the liquid introduction passage 105 is formed by a tube 107 integrally formed on the upper part of the cyclone unit 102.

  The cyclone portion 102 has two upper and lower tapered portions 102 a 1 and 102 a 2, and the lower tapered portion 102 a 2 communicates with the particle collection box 103 through the communication hole 108. In this cyclone section 102, a liquid containing fines is supplied from the liquid introduction passage 105 to generate a vortex at a predetermined flow rate, and the fluid that has separated the fines from the liquid outflow passage 104 by moving the fines outward in a centrifugal state. Discharge and decelerate the vortex to settle the separated fines.

  The separated fine matter that settles in the cyclone portion 102 falls and accumulates in the particle collection box 103 through the communication hole 108. In the particle collection box 103, a drain valve 109 is connected to the lower discharge hole 103a, and the drain valve 109 discharges fine drainage accumulated in the particle collection box 103.

  In the cyclone centrifugal separator 101 of this embodiment, an electrode rod 210 is disposed at the center position of the particle collection box 103, and this electrode rod 210 faces the communication hole 108 from the bottom lid 103b of the particle collection box 103. Extends upward. Further, the bottom cover 103 b of the particle collection box 103 is attached to the particle collection box cylinder 103 c, and this particle collection box cylinder 103 c is attached to the lower part of the cyclone unit 102. The particle collection box cylinder 103c is formed of an insulator such as resin, and a metal ring 211 is provided inside the particle collection box cylinder 103c.

  The voltage application unit 112 applies the same charge as the charge of the fine object to the electrode rod 210, and applies a charge opposite to the charge of the fine object to the metal ring 211 of the particle collection box 103. In this embodiment, since the fine substance contained in the liquid is negatively charged due to the generation of static electricity in the treatment process, a negative potential is applied to the electrode rod 210 as a negative electrode, and the particle collection box 103 is charged. A positive potential is applied to the metal ring 211 as a positive electrode by applying a positive potential.

  In the cyclone centrifugal device 101 of this embodiment, the separated fines settled in the cyclone unit 102 fall and accumulate in the particle collection box 103 through the communication hole 108, but the particle collection with a low liquid flow rate. In the particle collection box 103, a fine substance floats near the center in the box, but the electrode rod 210 is disposed at the center of the particle collection box 103, and the same charge as that of the fine object is given to the electrode rod 210. Further, by applying a charge opposite to the charge of the fine object to the metal ring 211 of the particle collection box 103, the fine object is moved from the center position to the outside, and the inner wall of the metal ring 211 of the particle collection box 103 is It can be prevented from adhering to or scattering from the particles, and fine objects can be efficiently collected in the particle collection box. In this embodiment, the electrode rod 210 is charged with the same charge as that of the fine material, and the particle collection box 3 is charged with the charge opposite to the charge of the fine material. Any structure that imparts charge to one side may be used.

The cyclone centrifuge 101 of this embodiment includes a liquid introduction passage 105, a liquid outflow passage 104, and a cyclone portion 102, and the liquid introduction passage 105 is located inside the tangential direction L12 of the inner wall 102a11 of the cyclone portion 102. It is formed by being displaced by the distance δ12. The liquid introduction passage 105 is formed in the same manner as the liquid discharge passage 10 shown in FIGS. By forming the liquid introduction passage 105 so as to be displaced inward from the tangential direction L12 of the inner wall 102a11 of the cyclone portion 102, a liquid containing fine substances supplied from the liquid introduction passage 105 to the inside 102a11 of the cyclone portion 102 is supplied. When rotating along the inner wall 102a11 of the cyclone 102, the frictional resistance is reduced, the speed of the spiral is increased, a predetermined separation processing amount and separation performance can be obtained, and the desired classification can be achieved. it can.
[Example]
The cyclone-type centrifugal separation apparatus shown in FIGS. 17 and 18 was used, and the liquid containing fine substances used a dispersion medium of ion-exchanged water containing silica particles as a sample.

  The cyclone type centrifugal separator of this embodiment supplies a liquid containing fine substances from a liquid discharge passage to generate a vortex at a predetermined flow rate, moves the fine objects outward in a centrifugal state, and removes the fine substances from the liquid outflow passage. Formed in communication with the periphery of the two liquid discharge passages, the cyclone section that discharges the separated fluid, decelerates the vortex and settles the separated fine objects, the orifice ring that has two liquid discharge passages And a liquid introduction passage for introducing a liquid containing fine substances into the hydraulic pressure chamber, and the liquid discharge passage is formed to be displaced inward from the tangential direction of the inner wall of the orifice ring. .

  The sample powder was separated using this cyclone type centrifugal separator. The results are shown in FIG.

  The measurement conditions shown in FIG. 19 are as follows.

Sample powder: Silica particles Dispersion medium: Ion exchange water Dispersion medium temperature T: 40 ° C
Dispersion medium flow rate Q: 540 l / h
Dispersion medium concentration Cp: 0.5 wt%
Blow-down flow rate ratio Qb (ratio flowing out to the lower chamber): 15%
Liquid outflow passage dφ: 3.2 mm
Liquid discharge passages: two, 1 mm wide and 6 mm long Under these measurement conditions, the liquid discharge passages are offset inward by 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, and 1.5 mm from 0 mm in the tangential direction of the inner wall. The sample powder was separated, and 2.0 mm was not separated because the predetermined flow rate was not reached.

  If the liquid discharge passage is based on 0 mm in the tangential direction of the inner wall, the separation diameter increases a little when it is changed from 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm, but the gradient of the partial separation efficiency curve increases and approaches the ideal classification. When δ = 0 mm, a lot of turbulence was generated near the wall, and when the liquid was supplied a little away from the wall, the amount of fluid turbulence generated in the upper part of the cyclone portion was reduced, approaching the ideal classification. In this way, by deviating the liquid discharge passage inward by 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm from the tangential direction of the inner wall, it is possible to reduce the turbulence of the spiral flow and improve the separation throughput and separation performance. became.

  This cyclone centrifuge is used for filtering fine materials such as pharmaceuticals, chemicals, foods, and beverages, and for collecting fines such as cutting powder from automobiles, machine tools, and processing industries. Used for filtration of circulating water, wastewater, etc., for removal of fine substances such as semiconductors, bio, and other impurities, and for removal of fine substances such as washing water and solvents, etc. Is widely used for the separation and removal.

It is sectional drawing of the cyclone type centrifuge of 1st Embodiment. It is a top view of the cyclone centrifuge of a 2nd embodiment. It is sectional drawing which follows the III-III line of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the cyclone type centrifuge of 2nd Embodiment. It is a top view of the cyclone centrifuge of a 2nd embodiment. It is sectional drawing which follows the VI-VI line of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the cyclone type centrifuge of 3rd Embodiment. It is a top view of the cyclone centrifuge of a 3rd embodiment. It is sectional drawing which follows the IX-IX line of FIG. It is a figure which shows embodiment of an orifice ring. It is a figure which shows embodiment of an orifice ring. It is a figure which shows embodiment of an orifice ring. It is a figure which shows embodiment of an orifice ring. It is sectional drawing of the cyclone type centrifuge of 4th Embodiment. It is a top view of the cyclone centrifuge of a 3rd embodiment. It is sectional drawing which follows the XVI-XVI line of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the cyclone type centrifuge of an Example. It is a figure which shows the orifice ring of the cyclone type centrifuge of an Example. It is a figure which shows the separation efficiency which changed the liquid discharge channel from 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm on the basis of 0 mm of tangential directions of an inner wall.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cyclone type centrifugal separator 3 Cyclone part 10 Liquid discharge passage 11 Liquid outflow passage 12 Hydraulic chamber

Claims (8)

A liquid containing fine substances is supplied from the liquid discharge passage to generate a vortex at a predetermined flow rate, and the fine substance is moved outward in a centrifugal state to discharge the fluid that has separated the fine substance from the liquid outflow passage, and the vortex is decelerated. A cyclone section that settles the separated fine objects,
An orifice ring in which the liquid discharge passage is formed at a plurality of locations;
A hydraulic chamber formed in communication with the periphery of the liquid discharge passages at the plurality of locations;
A liquid introduction passage for introducing a liquid containing the fine substance into the hydraulic chamber;
Have
The liquid discharge passage is formed by being deviated with respect to the axis of the orifice ring ,
The orifice ring is composed of an inner ring body having an outlet liquid discharge passage and an outer ring body having an inlet liquid discharge passage,
A cyclone centrifugal device characterized in that the amount of liquid inflow into the liquid discharge passage can be varied by sliding the inner ring body and the outer ring body in the circumferential direction . A liquid containing fine substances is supplied from the liquid discharge passage to generate a vortex at a predetermined flow rate, and the fine substance is moved outward in a centrifugal state to discharge the fluid that has separated the fine substance from the liquid outflow passage, and the vortex is decelerated. A plurality of cyclone parts that settle the separated fine objects are arranged in parallel,
Orifice rings formed at a plurality of locations in each of the cyclones,
A hydraulic chamber formed in communication with the periphery of the liquid discharge passages at the plurality of locations;
A liquid introduction passage for introducing a liquid containing the fine substance into the hydraulic chamber;
An external discharge part that collects and discharges the liquid outflow passages of the respective cyclone parts;
Have
The liquid discharge passage is formed by being deviated with respect to the axis of the orifice ring ,
The orifice ring is composed of an inner ring body having an outlet liquid discharge passage and an outer ring body having an inlet liquid discharge passage,
A cyclone centrifugal device characterized in that the amount of liquid inflow into the liquid discharge passage can be varied by sliding the inner ring body and the outer ring body in the circumferential direction . The cyclone centrifugal device according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the liquid discharge passages are arranged at a plurality of symmetrical positions as viewed from the axial direction. The cyclone centrifugal apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the liquid discharge passages are arranged at equally spaced positions. The cyclone centrifugal apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the liquid discharge passage is formed in a curved shape. The cyclone centrifugal device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the liquid discharge passage has a cross-sectional area on an inlet side larger than a cross-sectional area on an outlet side.   The liquid discharge passage has a straight straight passage surface parallel to a tangent to the inner wall of the orifice ring, and a convex curved passage surface on the straight passage surface side. Cyclone type centrifuge. The cyclone centrifugal device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , wherein a passage axis of the liquid discharge passage is arranged in a direction substantially parallel to or substantially perpendicular to the passage axis of the liquid introduction passage. Separation device.

Images