JP4217759B2 - Cyclone centrifuge - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a cyclone type centrifugal separation device that separates and removes fine substances such as fine powdery debris contained in a fluid.

  For example, in a machining apparatus, cutting is performed while supplying a cutting fluid from a supply tank, and the cutting fluid contains fine powder cutting scraps. The cutting fluid containing the fine powdery cutting waste is supplied to the filter device, the cutting waste is removed by the filter device, and the cutting fluid is returned to the supply tank (for example, Patent Document 1).

  In such filter devices, for example, there is a device that removes cutting debris by a filter film or by removing precipitation, and all of them remove fine powder-like cutting debris contained in a large amount in the cutting fluid. There is a problem that it cannot be reliably removed in a short time by the apparatus. In addition, the filter membrane may be clogged. If the filter membrane is clogged, the filter device must first be disassembled and the filter membrane must be cleaned. When this cleaning work or use becomes impossible, replacement work occurs. In addition, when the filter membrane is used repeatedly, the filtration accuracy is deteriorated and the filter membrane is likely to be clogged.

When a cyclone centrifugal device is used instead of such a filter device, a liquid containing fines is swirled at a predetermined flow rate from the liquid introduction passage, and the fines are moved outward in a centrifugal state from the liquid outflow passage. Since the fluid from which the fine objects are separated is discharged and the separated fine objects are settled by decelerating the spiral, problems such as clogging are solved (for example, Patent Document 2).
JP 2001-137743 A JP-A-10-286493

  By the way, in such a cyclone type centrifugal separator, the vortex is decelerated and the separated fine matter is settled in the particle collection box. The phenomenon that the fine object floated up occurred, and the fine object could not be efficiently collected in the particle collection box.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and provides a cyclone-type centrifugal separator capable of efficiently collecting fine objects in a particle collection box while preventing the dispersion of fine objects. It is aimed.

  In order to solve the above problems and achieve the object, the present invention is configured as follows.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a liquid containing a fine material is supplied to generate a vortex at a predetermined flow rate, the fine material is moved outward in a centrifugal state to discharge the fluid from which the fine material has been separated, and the vortex is discharged. A cyclone section for decelerating and separating fines that have been decelerated,
A particle collection box for precipitating fines settled in the cyclone part through the communication hole;
An electrode rod arranged at the center of the particle collection box;
An electrode having a different polarity from the electrode rod provided on the inner wall of the particle collection box;
A control unit for switching the electrode rod and the electrode of the particle collection box to apply a voltage and applying an electric field;
The particle collection box is
A cylindrical part;
Having a cylindrical bottom and a continuous thin bottom;
The electrode having a polarity different from that of the electrode bar is provided on the entire inner wall surface of the cylindrical portion of the particle collection box,
The electrode rod is
Extending upward from the bottom of the particle collection box so as to face the communication hole, and the lower part of the electrode rod is bent and penetrates the side wall of the bottom to protrude outside,
Forming a discharge hole at the lower end of the bottom,
A drain valve is connected to the discharge hole.

  The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the electrode rod has a conical center cone facing the communication hole at an upper portion.

The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that the control section can change a switching duty ratio in accordance with a minute object contained in the liquid.

  With the above configuration, the present invention has the following effects.

In the first aspect of the present invention, an electric field is generated by applying a voltage by switching between an electrode rod arranged at the center of the particle collection box and an electrode having a polarity different from that of the electrode rod provided on the inner wall of the particle collection box. If the fine matter settled in the particle collection box is negatively or positively charged, it is strongly attracted to the electrode or electrode rod of the particle collection box in response to switching. Suppressing the lifting of fine objects, the fine objects can be efficiently collected in the particle collection box, and a predetermined separation processing amount and separation performance can be obtained. In addition, an electrode having a polarity different from that of the electrode rod is provided on the entire inner wall surface of the particle collection box, and the charged fine objects are attracted evenly and strongly in response to switching, and the fine objects float inside the particle collection box. By suppressing this, fine objects can be efficiently collected in the particle collection box.

  In the second aspect of the invention, the electrode rod has a conical center cone facing the communication hole at the upper portion, and fine objects separated by decelerating the vortex are guided from the communication hole to the center cone and smoothly. It can be allowed to settle in a particle collection box, and the lifting of fine objects can be suppressed.

In the invention according to claim 3 , the switching duty ratio can be varied according to the fine matter contained in the liquid. For example, by changing the strength of the electric field according to the type of the liquid containing the fine matter, etc. In the collection box, it is possible to suppress the fine object from floating and efficiently collect the fine object in the particle collection box.

  Hereinafter, although the embodiment of the cyclone centrifugal separator of the present invention will be described, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. The embodiment of the present invention shows the most preferable mode of the present invention, and the terminology of the present invention is not limited to this.

  The cyclone centrifuge of this embodiment is used for filtering fine materials such as pharmaceutical, chemical, food and beverage ingredients, and for collecting fine materials such as cutting powders for automobiles, machine tools and processing industries. Used for filtration of circulating water and wastewater in factories, water treatment, etc., removal of fines such as impurities such as semiconductors and biotechnology, and removal of fines such as washing water and solvents, etc. Widely used for separating and removing contained fines.

  An example of the cyclone centrifugal device of this embodiment is shown in FIGS. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a cyclone centrifuge, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of the cyclone centrifuge.

  In this embodiment, a case of using for collecting fine objects such as machine tools and cutting powder of processing industry will be described. In this embodiment, although it is used about the case where the fine thing of fine powdery waste contained in a liquid is removed, it should just be a fine thing and is not limited to fine powdery waste.

  The cyclone centrifuge 1 of this embodiment has a cyclone part 2 and a particle collection box 3 in the vertical direction. The cyclone portion 2 is formed of an insulator such as resin or a conductive metal such as SUS. In the upper part of the cyclone portion 2, a liquid outflow passage 4 is provided at the shaft core, and a liquid introduction passage 5 is provided at a position displaced from the shaft core. The liquid outflow passage 4 is formed by a tube body 6 penetrating the upper portion of the cyclone portion 2, and the liquid introduction passage 5 is formed by a tube body 7 integrally formed on the upper portion of the cyclone portion 2.

  The cyclone part 2 has a taper part 2 a 1, and the taper part 2 a 1 communicates with the particle collection box 3 through the communication hole 8. In this cyclone section 2, a liquid containing fines is supplied from the liquid introduction passage 5 to generate a vortex at a predetermined flow rate, and the fluid that has separated the fines from the liquid outflow passage 4 by moving the fines outward in a centrifugal state. Discharge and decelerate the vortex to settle the separated fines.

  The separated fine matter that settles in the cyclone section 2 falls and accumulates in the particle collection box 3 through the communication hole 8. In the particle collection box 3, a drain valve 9 is connected to the lower discharge hole 3 a, and the drain valve 9 discharges the fine substance accumulated in the particle collection box 3.

  In the cyclone centrifugal separator 1 of this embodiment, an electrode bar 10 is disposed at the center position of the particle collection box 3, and the electrode bar 10 faces the communication hole 8 from the bottom 3 b of the particle collection box 3. It extends upward. The electrode rod 10 has a conical center cone 10 a facing the communication hole 8 at the top.

  An electrode 11 having a polarity different from that of the electrode rod 10 is provided on the entire inner wall surface of the particle collection box 3. This electrode 11 is provided on the entire inner wall surface from the bottom 3 b to the top of the particle collection box 3.

  A power source 12 and a control unit 13 are connected to the electrode rod 10 disposed at the center position of the particle collection box 3 and the electrode 11 provided on the entire inner wall surface of the particle collection box 3. The control unit 13 turns on and off the power source 12 to the electrode rod 10 and the electrode 11 of the particle collection box 3 and switches in this way to apply a voltage to give an electric field. The control unit 13 can change the switching duty ratio according to the fine matter contained in the liquid.

  In this way, switching between the electrode rod 10 disposed at the center position of the particle collection box 3 and the electrode 11 having a polarity different from that of the electrode rod 10 provided in the particle collection box 3 applies a voltage to provide an electric field. Thus, the fine object 90 that is negatively or positively charged separated by decelerating the vortex is strongly attracted to the electrode 11 in response to switching, and can be quickly and surely settled in the particle collection box 3. In addition, the fine object 90 can be prevented from floating inside the particle collection box 3, and the fine object 90 can be efficiently collected in the particle collection box 3, thereby obtaining a predetermined separation processing amount and separation performance. Can do.

  Further, the electrode rod 10 has a conical center cone 10a facing the communication hole 8 at the upper part, and the fine object 90 separated by decelerating the vortex is guided from the communication hole 8 to the center cone 10a and smoothly particles. It can be made to settle in the collection box 3, and the floating of the fine object 90 can be suppressed.

  In addition, electrodes 11 having a polarity different from that of the electrode rod 10 are provided on the entire inner wall surface of the particle collection box 3, and the charged fine objects 90 are attracted uniformly and strongly corresponding to the switching, and the particle collection box 3 is attracted. It is possible to settle quickly and reliably.

  Further, the control unit 13 can change the ON / OFF switching duty ratio according to the fine object 90 contained in the liquid, and for example, the electric field strength is changed according to the type of the liquid containing the fine object 90 or the like. Thus, it is possible to suppress the floating in the particle collection box 3 according to the fine object 90, and to efficiently collect the fine object 90 in the particle collection box 3, and to achieve a predetermined separation processing amount and separation performance. Obtainable.

  In this embodiment, the switching mechanism applies a negative voltage to the electrode rod 10 and applies a positive voltage to the electrode 11 around the inner wall surface of the particle collection box 3. The polarity of the power source 12 may be changed to apply a positive voltage to the central electrode rod 10, and a negative voltage may be applied to the electrode 11 around the inner wall surface of the particle collection box 3. For example, when the fine material is silica, since the silica is positively charged, a negative voltage is applied to the center electrode rod 10, and when other than silica, the particles may be positively charged. A positive voltage is applied to the central electrode rod 10.

  Next, FIG. 3 shows an example of a cyclone centrifuge of another embodiment. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a cyclone centrifuge. In the cyclone centrifuge 1 of this embodiment, the same components as those of the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.

  In the cyclone type centrifugal separator 1 of this embodiment, the cyclone part 2 has two upper and lower tapered parts 2 a 1 and 2 a 2, and the lower tapered part 2 a 2 communicates with the particle collection box 3 through the communication hole 8. is doing. In this embodiment, the upper part 3c of the particle collection box 3 is screwed and inserted into the lower part 2b of the cyclone part 2. A bottom cover 20 is screwed to the lower part 3d of the particle collection box 3, a discharge hole 20a is formed in the bottom cover 20, and a drain valve 9 is connected to the discharge hole 20a.

An electrode rod 10 is erected on the bottom lid 20, an electrode 11 is provided on the entire inner wall surface of the particle collection box 3, and the electrode rod 10 disposed at the center position of the particle collection box 3, A power source 12 and a control unit 13 are connected to the electrode 11 provided on the entire inner wall surface of the collection box 3. The control unit 13 turns on and off the power source 12 to the electrode rod 10 and the electrode 11 of the particle collection box 3 and switches in this way to apply a voltage to give an electric field. The control unit 13 can change the switching duty ratio according to the fine matter contained in the liquid.
[Example]
The cyclone-type centrifuge of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 was used, and the liquid containing fine substances used a dispersion medium of ion-exchanged water containing silica particles as a sample. The separation efficiency of the silica particles of the sample powder was measured.

  The results are shown in FIG. 4 and FIG.

  The measurement conditions shown in FIG. 4 are as follows.

Particle collection box length: 10cm
Dispersion medium flow rate Q: 300 l / h
Blowdown Bu: 0.0 (-)
Dispersion medium concentration Cp: 0.2 wt%
Dispersion medium: 0.0 wt% ion-exchanged water Sample powder: silica particles Electric field application: 50 Volt
Pressure difference between inlet and outlet ΔP: 0.23Mpa
Dispersion medium: Ion exchange water Dispersion medium temperature T: 34 ° C
In the measurement result shown in FIG. 4, a negative voltage is switched to the electrode rod and a positive voltage is switched to the electrode around the inner wall surface of the particle collection box, compared to the case where no voltage is applied to the electrode rod and the electrode of the particle collection box. The separation efficiency was improved both when the positive voltage was applied to the center electrode rod and when the negative voltage was switched and applied to the electrode around the inner wall surface of the particle collection box.

  The measurement conditions shown in FIG. 5 are as follows.

Particle collection box length: 10cm
Dispersion medium flow rate Q: 420 l / h
Blowdown Bu: 0.0 (-)
Dispersion medium concentration Cp: 0.2 wt%
Dispersion medium: 0.0 wt% ion-exchanged water Sample powder: silica particles Electric field application: 50 Volt
Pressure difference between inlet and outlet ΔP: 0.52Mpa
Dispersion medium: Ion exchange water Dispersion medium temperature T: 34 ° C
In the measurement result shown in FIG. 5, a negative voltage is switched to the electrode rod and a positive voltage is switched to the electrode on the entire inner wall surface of the particle collection box, compared to the case where no voltage is applied to the electrode rod and the electrode of the particle collection box. The separation efficiency was improved both when the positive voltage was applied to the center electrode rod and when the negative voltage was switched and applied to the electrode around the inner wall surface of the particle collection box.

  This cyclone centrifuge is used for filtering fine materials such as pharmaceuticals, chemicals, foods, and beverages, and for collecting fines such as cutting powder from automobiles, machine tools, and processing industries. Used for filtration of circulating water, wastewater, etc., for removal of fine substances such as semiconductors, bio, and other impurities, and for removal of fine substances such as washing water and solvents, etc. Is widely used for the separation and removal.

It is sectional drawing of a cyclone type centrifuge. It is a top view of a cyclone centrifuge. It is sectional drawing of the cyclone type centrifuge of other embodiment. It is a figure which shows the switching effect of an electric field. It is a figure which shows the switching effect of an electric field.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cyclone type centrifugal separator 2 Cyclone part 4 Liquid outflow passage 5 Liquid introduction passage 10 Electrode rod 11 Electrode

Claims (3)

A liquid containing fine objects is supplied to generate vortices at a predetermined flow rate, the fine objects are moved to the outside in a centrifugal state to discharge the fluid from which the fine objects have been separated, and the separated fine objects are decelerated by decelerating the vortex. A cyclone section to be sedimented;
A particle collection box for precipitating fines settled in the cyclone part through the communication hole;
An electrode rod arranged at the center of the particle collection box;
An electrode having a different polarity from the electrode rod provided on the inner wall of the particle collection box;
A control unit for switching the electrode rod and the electrode of the particle collection box to apply a voltage and applying an electric field;
The particle collection box is
A cylindrical part;
Having a cylindrical bottom and a continuous thin bottom;
The electrode having a polarity different from that of the electrode bar is provided on the entire inner wall surface of the cylindrical portion of the particle collection box,
The electrode rod is
Extending upward from the bottom of the particle collection box so as to face the communication hole, and the lower part of the electrode rod is bent and penetrates the side wall of the bottom to protrude outside,
Forming a discharge hole at the lower end of the bottom,
A cyclone type centrifugal separator characterized by having a drain valve connected to the discharge hole.   The cyclone-type centrifugal separator according to claim 1, wherein the electrode rod has a conical center cone facing the communication hole at an upper portion thereof. The cyclone centrifugal apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the control unit is capable of changing a switching duty ratio in accordance with a fine object contained in the liquid.

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