JP4267388B2 - Vehicle with fuel cell - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Technical field to which the invention belongs]
The present invention relates to a fuel cell, and more particularly to a fuel cell provided with a plurality of laminates formed by laminating unit cells.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The electromotive force per unit cell by the electrochemical reaction performed in the fuel cell is as low as 1.23 V (nominal voltage) in a fuel cell using hydrogen and oxygen as fuel, for example. For this reason, a fuel cell is usually configured by stacking a large number of single cells. In the fuel cell formed by laminating such single cells, the accuracy of the lamination is expressed as internal resistance. Therefore, rather than laminating all the number of single cells necessary to obtain the desired power, It is easier to increase the accuracy of stacking by dividing the required number of cells equally into a plurality of stacked bodies and connecting the electric power obtained from the stacked bodies electrically in series. Thus, a fuel cell having a small internal resistance can be obtained easily.
[0003]
In addition, if all the unit cells necessary for obtaining the desired power are stacked to form one stack, the length in the stacking direction becomes longer, and fuel and the like are evenly distributed to each unit cell constituting the stack. Difficult to do. Also in this case, if a plurality of stacked bodies are used, the fuel can be evenly distributed relatively easily, so that an efficient fuel cell can be easily obtained.
[0004]
For these reasons, in order to easily obtain an efficient fuel cell with low internal resistance, conventionally, as a fuel cell composed of a plurality of laminated bodies, two vertically arranged laminated bodies are arranged in parallel by upper and lower end plates. What is fixed (for example, JP-A-5-47407, JP-A-3-205766, etc.), or one in which four vertically stacked bodies are placed in parallel and fixed by upper and lower end plates (for example, No. 5-89901, etc.) have been proposed.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in such a fuel cell composed of a plurality of stacked bodies, it is necessary to supply and discharge fuel etc. for each stacked body, and therefore, piping for supplying and discharging fuel and the like must be installed for each stacked body, The installation of the supply / discharge piping is complicated, and there is a problem that the apparatus is enlarged.
[0007]
Further, in a fuel cell using this connection unit, a plurality of stacked bodies are simply connected in series by connection units attached to each stacked body. Therefore, when mounted on a vehicle or the like, the stacked body is caused by vibration generated by the vehicle. There was a problem that the fuel gas, the cooling water, etc. leaked and the members constituting the laminate due to impact load were lost. A mounting structure (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-82153, etc.) has been proposed in which a part of the mounting bracket is bent to allow elastic deformation in response to a problem caused by vibration generated by such a vehicle. There is a problem that a space required for installation of the fuel cell is increased because it is necessary to mount with a mounting bracket every time and it is necessary to make the interval between the laminated bodies more than the amplitude of vibration.
[0008]
  Fuel cell of the present inventionInstalled vehicleSolves these problems,Fuel cell and various devices connected to itEasy installationToThe following structure was adopted.
[0009]
[Means for solving the problems and their effects]
  The vehicle equipped with the fuel cell of the present invention is
  A vehicle equipped with a fuel cell including a laminate formed by laminating unit cells,
  The fuel cell is a polymer electrolyte fuel cell,The laminated body is horizontally opposed, and between the opposed laminated bodiesFuel supply / discharge member for supplying and discharging fuel and cooling waterHolding the supply / discharge memberThe fuel cell is mounted on a vehicle so that the stacking direction of the unit cells is a horizontal direction.
  A radiator that cools the cooling water discharged from the fuel cell by heat exchange with outside air;As a flat shape along the vehicle floor surface, the front lower portion of the vehicleProvided,
  A cooling water passage from the fuel supply / discharge member of the fuel cell to the radiator is installed from the fuel cell toward the front of the vehicle;
  The fuel cell and the radiator are installed in a space below the seat.
This is the gist.
[0010]
  The fuel cell of the present invention configured as described aboveInstalled vehicleIsIn the fuel cell, a cooling water passage extending from the fuel cell to the radiator is installed from the fuel supply / discharge member that is sandwiched between the plurality of stacks to supply / discharge fuel and cooling water to / from the stack. In the radiator provided in the lower part of the front part of the vehicle, the cooling water discharged from the fuel cell is cooled by heat exchange with the outside air.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  In order to further clarify the configuration and operation of the present invention described above, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below. FIG. 1 is a preferred embodiment of the present invention.Installed in vehicles equipped with fuel cells1 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an outline of a fuel cell 10. FIG.
[0019]
As shown in the figure, the fuel cell 10 includes four stacked bodies 12A to 12D formed by stacking unit cells, and a fuel supply and discharge member 40 that supplies and discharges fuel and the like to and from the stacked bodies 12A to 12D. The upper case 80 and the lower case 90 that form storage containers for the bodies 12A to 12D, and the pressurizing mechanism 110 that applies pressure in the stacking direction to the stacked bodies 12A to 12D. Each component will be described below.
[0020]
FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating the outline of the configuration of the unit cell 13 and the cooling member 30 constituting the stacked bodies 12A to 12D. The unit cell 13 is a unit cell of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell. As shown in the drawing, the unit cell 13 includes an electrolyte membrane 14, two gas diffusion electrodes 16 that sandwich the electrolyte membrane 14 from both sides, and form a sandwich structure. The two collector electrodes 20 sandwich the sandwich structure from both sides.
[0021]
The electrolyte membrane 14 is an ion exchange membrane having a thickness of 100 μm to 200 μm formed of a polymer material, for example, a fluorine-based resin, and exhibits good electrical conductivity in a wet state. The two gas diffusion electrodes 16 are both made of carbon cloth woven with yarns made of carbon fibers. Carbon powder carrying platinum or an alloy made of platinum and other metals as a catalyst is kneaded into the surface and gaps on the electrolyte membrane 14 side of the carbon cloth. The electrolyte membrane 14 and the two gas diffusion electrodes 16 are 1 MPa at a temperature of 100 ° C. to 160 ° C., preferably 110 ° C. to 130 ° C., with the two gas diffusion electrodes 16 sandwiching the electrolyte membrane 14. {10.2kgf / cm²} To 20 MPa {204 kgf / cm²} Preferably 8 MPa {82 kgf / cm²} To 15 MPa {153 kgf / cm²} Is applied by a hot press method in which the pressure is applied.
[0022]
The collecting electrode 20 is formed of dense carbon that is compressed and densified by compressing carbon. The surface (stacked surface) of the collector electrode 20 that contacts the gas diffusion electrode 16 is formed in a square shape, and cooling water holes 21 and 22 having a circular cross section are formed at both upper corners of the surface in the drawing. Has been. The cooling water holes 21 and 22 form a flow path of cooling water that penetrates the stacked body in the stacking direction when the stacked body is formed. A pair of elongated holes (fuel gas holes) 23 and 24 and a pair of holes (oxidizing gas holes) 25 and 26 are formed in the vicinity of the edges of the stacked surface of the collector electrode 20 along the sides. . The fuel gas holes 23 and 24 and the oxidizing gas holes 25 and 26 form a flow path penetrating in the stacking direction the stack of the fuel gas containing hydrogen and the oxidizing gas containing oxygen when the stack is formed. .
[0023]
A plurality of grooves 27 parallel to the longitudinal direction of the pair of oxidizing gas holes 25 and 26 that communicate between the pair of fuel gas holes 23 and 24 are formed on one of the stacked surfaces of the collector electrode 20 (the back surface in the drawing). In addition, a groove 28 that communicates between the pair of oxidizing gas holes 25 and 26 is formed on the other of the laminated surfaces (display surface in the drawing). The groove 27 and the groove 28 are orthogonal to each other and form a flow path of the oxidizing gas or the fuel gas with the surface of the gas diffusion electrode 16. The collecting electrode 20 is disposed so that the groove 27 and the groove 28 face each other with the electrolyte membrane 14 and the gas diffusion electrode 16 in between.
[0024]
The cooling member 30 is formed of dense carbon similar to the collector electrode 20. The cooling surface of the cooling member 30 has the same shape as the cooling water holes 21, 22, the fuel gas holes 23, 24 and the oxidizing gas holes 25, 26 formed on the stacking surface of the collector electrode 20. 31 and 32, fuel gas holes 33 and 34, and oxidizing gas holes 35 and 36 are formed. The cooling water holes 31 and 32 form a cooling water flow path together with the cooling water holes 21 and 22 of the collector electrode 20, and the fuel gas holes 33 and 34 and the oxidizing gas holes 35 and 36 are the fuel gas holes 23 of the collector electrode 20. , 24 and the oxidizing gas holes 25 and 26 form a flow path for fuel gas and oxidizing gas. In addition, on one of the stacked surfaces of the cooling member 30 (display surface in the figure), a distorted groove 38 extending from the cooling water hole 31 to the cooling water hole 32 is formed by a rib 37. The groove 38 forms a passage of cooling water with a laminated surface where a groove of a collecting electrode (not shown) where either the groove 27 or the groove 28 is not formed.
[0025]
The unit cells 13 thus configured and the cooling member 30 are stacked to form stacked bodies 12A to 12D. At this time, the ratio of the unit cell 13 and the cooling member 30 in the laminate is determined by conditions such as the calorific value of the unit cell 13, the temperature of the cooling water, the flow rate of the cooling water, and the like. In the example, the unit cells 13 and the cooling member 30 were stacked at a ratio of 3: 1 to form the stacked bodies 12A to 12D.
[0026]
FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating an overview of the fuel supply / discharge member 40. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the fuel gas supply channel of the fuel supply / discharge member 40, FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the fuel gas discharge channel of the fuel supply / discharge member 40, and FIG. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an oxidizing gas supply channel and a discharge channel of the equal supply / discharge member 40; 7, 8, 9 and 10 are a cross-sectional view taken along line AA, a cross-sectional view taken along line BB, a cross-sectional view taken along line CC, and a line D-- of the fuel supply / discharge member 40 shown in FIG. It is D line sectional drawing.
[0027]
The fuel supply / discharge member 40 is formed of aluminum in a rectangular parallelepiped shape. The fuel supply / discharge member 40 supplies fuel gas, oxidizing gas, and cooling water from a fuel gas supply / discharge device, an oxidizing gas supply / discharge device, and a cooling water supply / discharge device (not shown) to the stacked bodies 12A to 12D. It is a member that returns the exhaust gas on the fuel gas side, the exhaust gas on the oxidation gas side, and the cooling water discharged from the bodies 12A to 12D to the fuel gas supply / discharge device, the oxidation gas supply / discharge device, and the cooling water supply / discharge device. For this reason, the fuel supply / discharge member 40 includes a fuel gas supply / discharge device, which will be described below, and a flow path for supplying and discharging fuel gas that communicates with each of the stacked bodies 12A to 12D, an oxidizing gas supply / discharge device, and each A flow path for supplying and discharging oxidizing gas communicating with the stacked bodies 12A to 12D and a flow path for supplying and discharging cooling water communicating with each of the stacked bodies 12A to 12D are formed. Yes.
[0028]
First, a flow path for supplying and discharging cooling water will be described. Cooling water supply ports 42 </ b> A to 42 </ b> D that receive the cooling water supplied from the cooling water supply / discharge device are formed on both sides of the center of the upper surface in FIG. 3 of the fuel supply / discharge member 40. Are formed with cooling water discharge ports 46A to 46D for returning the cooling water to the cooling water supply / discharge device. Further, cooling water supply connection ports 44A and 44B for supplying cooling water from the cooling water supply and discharge device to the laminates 12A and 12B are formed at the upper center of the right side surface of the fuel supply and discharge member 40 in the figure. In addition, cooling water discharge connection ports 48A and 48B that receive cooling water discharged from the stacked bodies 12A and 12B are formed at both upper corners of the same surface. Note that the cooling water supply connection ports 44C and 44D and the cooling water are also provided on the surface (the left side surface of the fuel supply / discharge member 40 shown in FIG. 1) opposite to this surface (the right side surface in FIG. 3). Water discharge connection ports 48C and 48D are formed. The cooling water supply ports 42A to 42D and the cooling water supply connection ports 44A to 44D are connected by passages (cooling water supply passages) 43A to 43D that are bent at right angles like the cooling water supply passages 43B and 43D shown in FIG. ing. Further, the cooling water discharge ports 46A to 46D and the cooling water discharge connection ports 48A to 48D are also formed by passages (cooling water discharge passages) 47A to 47D which are bent at right angles like the cooling water discharge passages 47A and 47C illustrated in FIG. Have been contacted.
[0029]
Therefore, the fuel supply / discharge member 40 supplies the cooling water from the cooling water supply / discharge device 12A through the cooling water supply ports 42A to 42D, the cooling water supply passages 43A to 43D, and the cooling water supply connection ports 44A to 44D. To the cooling water supply and discharge through cooling water discharge connection ports 48A to 48D, cooling water discharge passages 47A to 47D and cooling water discharge ports 46A to 46D. Return to device.
[0030]
Next, the flow path for supplying and discharging the fuel gas of the fuel supply and discharge member 40 will be described. In the center of the right side surface in FIG. 3 of the fuel supply / discharge member 40, two fuel gas supply connection ports 62A, which are elongated vertically in the figure for supplying the fuel gas from the fuel gas supply / discharge device to the stacked bodies 12A, 12B, 62B is formed, and in the vicinity of the edge of the side facing the fuel gas supply connection ports 62A and 62B on the same surface, two elongated fuel gas discharges for receiving the exhaust gas on the fuel gas side discharged from the stacked bodies 12A and 12B Connection ports 64A and 64B are formed. In addition, the fuel gas supply connection ports 62C and 62D and the fuel gas similar to this surface are also provided on the surface (the left side surface of the fuel supply / discharge member 40 shown in FIG. 1) facing this surface (the right side surface in FIG. 3). Discharge connection ports 64C and 64D are formed.
[0031]
As shown in FIG. 4, the fuel supply / discharge member 40 includes a fuel gas supply passage 51 having a circular cross section parallel to the upper and right side surfaces in the drawing from the right back end surface in the drawing, and a cutting hole 53 having a rectangular cross section. Is formed. A fuel gas supply port 50 formed on the right rear end surface of the fuel gas supply channel 51 in the drawing is connected to a fuel gas supply / discharge device (not shown). A fuel gas distribution chamber forming member 54 </ b> A having the same cross-sectional shape as the cutting hole 53 and shorter than the length in the longitudinal direction is fitted into the cutting hole 53, and the fuel gas distribution chamber 54 is located at the innermost portion of the cutting hole 53. Is formed. Further, the fuel supply / discharge member 40 is formed with a fuel gas communication channel 52 having the same circular cross section as the fuel gas supply channel 51 in the vertical direction from the center of the upper surface in FIG. 4 (upper edge in FIG. 9). Has been. A fuel gas flow path forming member 52A having the same cross-sectional shape as the fuel gas communication flow path 52 is inserted into the fuel gas communication flow path 52 from the upper surface in FIG. The fuel gas supply channel 51 is connected to the fuel gas distribution chamber 54 at the tip, and is connected to the fuel gas supply channel 51 directly below the fuel gas channel forming member 52A. Therefore, the fuel gas supply channel 51 is connected to the fuel gas distribution chamber 54 by the fuel gas communication channel 52. As illustrated in FIG. 10, the fuel gas distribution chamber 54 is connected to the fuel gas supply via fuel gas supply passages 63 </ b> A to 63 </ b> D whose cross-sectional areas increase from the fuel gas distribution chamber 54 toward the fuel gas supply connection ports 62 </ b> A to 62 </ b> D. It is connected to the mouths 62A to 62D.
[0032]
Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the fuel supply / discharge member 40 is formed with a cutting hole 56 having a substantially pentagonal cross section parallel to the upper surface and the right side surface in the drawing from the right back end surface in the drawing. A fuel gas discharge passage forming member 57A having the same cross-sectional shape as the cutting hole 56 and a short length in the longitudinal direction is fitted into the cutting hole 56 from the right back end face in the drawing. A fuel gas discharge channel 57 is formed by the fuel gas discharge channel forming member 57A. A fuel gas discharge communication channel 58 having a circular cross section is formed at the lowermost portion of the front side end surface of the fuel gas discharge channel 57 in the drawing, and the fuel gas discharge port 59 formed on the front in the drawing is connected to the fuel gas discharge channel 59. Have been contacted. The fuel gas discharge port 59 is connected to a fuel gas supply / discharge device (not shown). As illustrated in FIG. 7, the fuel gas discharge passage 57 is formed of fuel gas through fuel gas discharge passages 65 </ b> A to 65 </ b> D whose cross-sectional areas increase from the fuel gas discharge passage 57 toward the fuel gas discharge connection ports 64 </ b> A to 64 </ b> D. The discharge connection ports 64A to 64D are connected.
[0033]
Accordingly, the fuel supply / discharge member 40 supplies the fuel gas from the fuel gas supply / discharge device to the fuel gas supply port 50, the fuel gas supply channel 51, the fuel gas communication channel 52, the fuel gas distribution chamber 54, the fuel gas supply channel. 63A to 63D and fuel gas supply connection ports 62A to 62D are supplied to the laminates 12A to 12D, and the exhaust gas of the fuel gas discharged from the laminates 12A to 12D is supplied to the fuel gas discharge connection ports 64A to 64D, fuel gas It returns to the fuel gas supply / discharge device via the discharge passages 65 </ b> A to 65 </ b> D, the fuel gas discharge channel 57, the fuel gas discharge communication channel 58 and the fuel gas discharge port 59.
[0034]
In addition, each flow path (fuel gas supply flow path 51, fuel gas communication flow path 52, fuel gas supply flow path formed in the fuel supply / discharge member 40 extending from the fuel supply / discharge apparatus to each of the stacked bodies 12A to 12D. The gas distribution chamber 54 and the fuel gas supply passages 63A to 63D) have the same shape, and the exhaust gas on the fuel gas side formed in the fuel supply / discharge member 40 extending from each of the stacked bodies 12A to 12D to the fuel supply / discharge device. Each of the discharge-side flow paths (fuel gas discharge passages 65A to 65D, fuel gas discharge flow path 57, fuel gas discharge communication flow path 58, and fuel gas discharge port 59) have the same shape. The fuel gas is uniformly supplied from the exhaust member 40 to each of the stacked bodies 12A to 12D, and the exhaust gas on the fuel gas side is uniformly discharged from each of the stacked bodies 12A to 12D to the fuel supply / discharge member 40.
[0035]
Next, the flow path for supplying and discharging the oxidizing gas of the fuel supply and discharge member 40 will be described. At the center of the upper surface in FIG. 3 of the fuel supply / discharge member 40, there is an oxidizing gas distribution groove 70 comprising an annular groove and four grooves formed from the annular groove toward the four corners. Is formed. Oxidizing gas supply ports 71 </ b> A to 71 </ b> D having a circular cross section are formed at the tips of the four grooves formed toward the four corners of the oxidizing gas distribution groove 70. The oxidizing gas distribution groove 70 is connected to an oxidizing gas supply / discharge device (not shown). Two elongated oxidant gas supply connection ports 72A and 72B for supplying the oxidant gas from the oxidant gas supply / discharge device to the stacked bodies 12A and 12B are formed on the upper right side of the fuel supply / discharge member 40 in the drawing. In the lower part, two elongated oxidizing gas discharge connection ports 74A and 74B for receiving exhaust gas on the oxidizing gas side discharged from the laminates 12A and 12B are formed. It should be noted that the oxidizing gas supply connection ports 72C and 72D similar to this surface and the oxidation are also provided on the surface (the left side surface of the fuel supply / discharge member 40 shown in FIG. 1) facing this surface (the right side surface in FIG. 3). Gas discharge connection ports 74C and 74D are formed.
[0036]
As shown in FIGS. 6 and 8, the oxidizing gas supply ports 71A to 71D have oxidizing gas supply passages 73A to 73D whose cross-sectional areas increase from the oxidizing gas supply ports 71A to 71D to the oxidizing gas supply connection ports 72A to 72D. Is connected to the oxidizing gas supply connection ports 72A to 72D.
[0037]
Further, an oxidizing gas discharge portion 78 is formed on the lower back surface in FIG. 6 of the fuel supply / discharge member 40. The oxidizing gas discharge portion 78 includes a concave portion having a circular cross section and four grooves formed from the concave portion toward the four corners. Yes. Oxidizing gas discharge ports 76 </ b> A to 76 </ b> D having a circular cross section are formed at the tips of the four grooves formed in the four corner directions of the oxidizing gas discharge unit 78. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 8, the oxidizing gas discharge ports 76 </ b> A to 76 </ b> D have oxidizing gas discharge passages 75 </ b> A to 75 </ b> D whose cross-sectional areas increase from the oxidizing gas discharge ports 76 </ b> A to 76 </ b> D toward the oxidizing gas discharge connection ports 74 </ b> A to 74 </ b> D. To the oxidizing gas discharge connection ports 74A to 74D.
[0038]
Therefore, the fuel supply / discharge member 40 supplies the oxidizing gas from the oxidizing gas supply / exhaust device to the oxidizing gas distribution groove 70, the oxidizing gas supply ports 71A to 71D, the oxidizing gas supply passages 73A to 73D, and the oxidizing gas supply connection ports 72A to 72D. Are supplied to the laminated bodies 12A to 12D through the oxidant gas, and oxidizing gas exhaust gas discharged from the laminated bodies 12A to 12D is supplied to the oxidizing gas discharge connection ports 74A to 74D, the oxidizing gas discharge passages 75A to 75D, and the oxidizing gas discharge ports 76A to 76A. The fuel gas is returned to the fuel gas supply / discharge device via 76D and the oxidizing gas discharge unit 78.
[0039]
In addition, each flow path (oxidizing gas distribution groove 70, oxidizing gas supply ports 71A to 71D and oxidizing gas supply ports 70) formed in the fuel supply / discharge member 40 from the oxidizing gas supply / discharge device to each of the stacked bodies 12A to 12D and the like. The oxidizing gas supply passages 73A to 73D) have the same shape, and each of the exhaust gas exhaust side on the oxidizing gas side formed in the fuel supply / discharge member 40 extending from the stacked bodies 12A to 12D to the oxidizing gas supply / discharge device. Since the flow paths (the oxidizing gas discharge passages 75A to 75D, the oxidizing gas discharge ports 76A to 76D, and the oxidizing gas discharge portion 78) have the same shape, they are oxidized from the fuel supply / discharge member 40 to the stacked bodies 12A to 12D. Gas is supplied uniformly, and the exhaust gas on the oxidizing gas side is uniformly discharged from each of the stacked bodies 12 </ b> A to 12 </ b> D to the fuel supply / discharge member 40.
[0040]
Next, the structure of the upper case 80 will be described. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line EE of the upper case 80 shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along line FF of the upper case 80 shown in FIG. The upper case 80 is formed of a steel plate material, and includes an upper portion 81 and two side portions 82 bent at a right angle from the upper portion 81 as shown in FIGS. A rib portion 84 is formed on the upper portion 81 by punching. As shown in FIG. 11, the rib portion 84 includes a guide portion 85 formed by bending both sides thereof downward in the drawing. A curved portion 86 having a semicircular cross section is formed around the perforated portion of the upper portion 81. As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, a guide portion 87 similar to the guide portion 85 of the rib portion 84 is formed in a portion of the curved portion 86 facing the guide portion 85 of the rib portion 84. The guide portion 85 and the guide portion 87 guide the unit cell 13 when the stacked bodies 12A to 12D are stacked. The rib portion 84, the guide portion 85, the curved portion 86, and the guide portion 87 enhance the rigidity of the upper case 80. Bolt holes for fixing the upper case 80 to the fuel supply / discharge member 40 and the pressurization mechanism 110 are provided at both ends of the upper portion 81 and the side portion 82 connected to the fuel supply / discharge member 40 and the pressurization mechanism 110. Is formed.
[0041]
Next, the structure of the lower case 90 will be described. 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line GG of the lower case 90 shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line H-H of the lower case 90 shown in FIG. The lower case 90 is formed of a steel plate material similarly to the upper case 80, and as shown in FIGS. 1, 13, and 14, a bottom portion 91 and two side portions 92 bent at right angles from the bottom portion 91. It consists of. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 13, a curved portion 94 is formed at a position facing the rib portion 84 of the upper case 80 of the bottom portion 91 so as to have a semicircular cross section and protrude upward in FIG. 13. In addition, a curved portion 96 having the same shape as the curved portion 94 is formed at an end portion of the bottom portion 91 facing the curved portion 94 and an end portion connected to the pressurizing mechanism 110. As shown in FIG. 14, a curved portion 98 is formed at the end of the bottom portion 91 connected to the fuel supply / discharge member 40, having the same shape as the curved portion 94 and protruding downward in FIG. 14. . The bending portion 96 and the bending portion 94 facing the bending portion 94 are used for positioning when the stacked bodies 12A to 12D are stacked. Further, the rigidity of the lower case 90 is enhanced by the curved portions 94, 96, 98. Bolt holes for fixing each lower case 90 to the fuel supply / discharge member 40 and the pressurization mechanism 110 at both ends of the bottom 91 and the side 92 connected to the fuel supply / discharge member 40 and the pressurization mechanism 110. Is formed.
[0042]
  A terminal 100 </ b> A formed on a terminal plate 100 disposed at a stacking end of a laminated body sandwiching the fuel supply / discharge member 40 is disposed in the vicinity of an end portion of the side portion 92 of the lower case 90 connected to the fuel supply / discharge member 40. A rectangular terminal hole 99 for taking out is formed. The two terminals 100A facing each other with the fuel supply / discharge member 40 in between can be connected as shown in FIG. FIG. 15 shows the connection. As shown in the figure, the terminal plate 100 is formed of a conductive material into a rectangular plate shape, and a protruding terminal 100A is formed on one side thereof. The terminal 100A protrudes from the terminal hole 99 of each lower case 90 when the fuel cell 10 is assembled. Engaging portions 104 that can be engaged with the terminals 100A are formed at both ends of the connection plate 102 that connects the terminals 100A. By engaging the engaging portion 104 with the terminal 100A, the connection between the terminals 100A is performed.thisIn the fuel cell 10, the laminated body 12 </ b> A and the laminated body 12 </ b> C, and the laminated body 12 </ b> B and the laminated body 12 </ b> D are connected by the connection plate 102.
[0043]
The stacked body 12C and the stacked body 12D are also connected at the stacked end on the pressing mechanism 110 side. A state of connection between the laminated body 12C and the laminated body 12D is shown in FIG. As shown in the drawing, a terminal plate 106 having an engaging projection 107 formed on the laminated body 12D side is provided at the laminated end of the laminated body 12C, and the laminated body 12D side has a laminated board 12C side. A terminal board 108 having an engaging recess 109 that can engage with the engaging protrusion 107 is provided. The engagement convex portion 107 and the engagement concave portion 109 can slide in the stacking direction by the thickness of the terminal plate 106 (terminal plate 108) in an engaged state. Therefore, even if the length in the stacking direction of the stacked body 12C and the stacked body 12D is slightly different due to the manufacturing error of the unit cell 13, the wiring can be made.
[0044]
  here,Mentioned aboveIn the fuel cell 10, when the stacked bodies 12 </ b> A to 12 </ b> D are stacked, the collector electrode 20 constituting the unit cell 13 is in the same direction (for example, the groove 27 of the collector electrode 20 is on the right side in the drawing as shown in FIG. 2). 12A and 12C are formed, and the collector electrode 20 is rotated in the opposite direction (for example, the collector electrode 20 in FIG. Since the laminated body 12B and the laminated body 12D are formed as the right side in FIG. 2, the laminated body 12A and the laminated body 12C are connected by the connection plate 102, and the engaging convex portion 107 and the engaging concave portion 109 are connected. When the laminated body 12C and the laminated body 12D are connected by the above, and the laminated body 12D and the laminated body 12B are connected by the connection plate 102, the laminated bodies 12A to 12D are in the order of the laminated bodies 12A, 12C, 12D, and 12B. Connected in seriesTherefore, if the terminal plate 100 is installed at the stacking end of the stacked body 12A and the stacked body 12B on the pressure mechanism 110 side so that the terminal 100A formed on the terminal plate 100 is on the upper side in FIG. It becomes an output terminal of the battery 10, and power can be obtained from the terminal 100A.
[0045]
Next, the pressurizing mechanism 110 will be described. FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the configuration of the pressurizing mechanism 110. As shown in the figure, the pressurizing mechanism 110 includes a mounting plate 112 that attaches the pressurizing mechanism 110 to the upper case 80 and the lower case 90, and a reaction force that accompanies the pressurizing bolt 140 that will be described later. The rotation preventing member 120 that transmits the pressure, the pressure member 130 that applies pressure in the stacking direction to each of the stacked bodies 12A to 12D, and the pressure bolt 140 that applies pressure to the pressure member 130 are configured. Two regular octagonal through holes 114 are formed in the mounting plate 112, and the rotation preventing member 120 is fitted into the through holes 114.
[0046]
18 is an explanatory view of the rotation preventing member 120 viewed from the right side in FIG. As shown in the figure, the rotation preventing member 120 is fitted into a circular pedestal portion 122 that transmits a reaction force accompanying pressurization acting on the pressurizing bolt 140 to the mounting plate 112 and a regular octagon in the through hole 114 of the mounting plate 112. And a mating portion 124 that can be mated. A through hole 126 that penetrates the fitting portion 124 is formed at the center of the fitting portion 124, and the surface of the through hole 126 is threaded so as to be screwed with a threaded portion 144 of a pressure bolt 140 described later. Has been. In addition, the rotation prevention member 120 shown in FIG. 17 is the JJ sectional view taken on the line of the rotation prevention member 120 of FIG.
[0047]
FIG. 19 is an explanatory view of the pressing member 130 viewed from the right side in FIG. As shown in the figure, the pressurizing member 130 includes a disc 132 that applies a pressing force to the stacking ends of the stacked bodies 12A to 12D, a pressurizing shaft 136 that is attached to the center of the disc 132, and the disc 132 and the pressurizing member 130. It comprises a triangular pressure rib 134 that reinforces the pressure shaft 136. A hemispherical pressure recess 138 is formed at the end of the pressure shaft 136 (the right end in FIG. 17).
[0048]
As shown in FIG. 17, the pressure bolt 140 has one end 142 formed in a hemispherical shape so as to be aligned with the pressure recess 138 of the pressure member 130, and the other end 146 has a cross section of six. It is formed to have a square shape. Between the end portion 142 and the end portion 146 of the pressurizing bolt 140, a threaded portion 144 that is screwed into the through hole 126 of the rotation preventing member 120 is formed.
[0049]
The pressurizing mechanism 110 thus configured applies a pressure in the stacking direction to the stacked bodies 12A to 12D as follows. When the pressure bolt 140 screwed into the through hole 126 of the rotation preventing member 120 is rotated, the pressure bolt 140 moves in the left-right direction in FIG. When the pressure bolt 140 is rotated and the pressure bolt 140 is moved in the left direction in the figure, the end 142 of the pressure bolt 140 comes into contact with the pressure recess 138 of the pressure member 130, and the pressure member Move 130 to the left. For this reason, pressure in the stacking direction is applied to the stacked bodies 12 </ b> A to 12 </ b> D by the disc 132 of the pressure member 130.
[0050]
A fuel gas supply / discharge device, an oxidant gas supply / discharge device, and a cooling water supply / discharge device (not shown) are connected to the fuel supply / discharge member 40 of the fuel cell 10 constituted by each of these components, and the fuel gas, the oxidant gas, and the cooling are connected. If water is supplied, the fuel cell 10 performs an electrochemical reaction represented by the following formula to directly convert chemical energy into electrical energy.
[0051]
Cathode reaction (oxygen electrode): 2H⁺+ 2e^-+ (1/2) O₂→ H₂O
Anode reaction (fuel electrode): H₂→ 2H⁺+ 2e^-
[0052]
  Explained aboveBurningAccording to the fuel cell 10, in order to supply and discharge the fuel gas, the oxidizing gas, and the cooling water to each of the stacked bodies 12A to 12D, the fuel supply / discharge member 40, the fuel gas supply / discharge device, the oxidizing gas supply / discharge device, and the cooling are provided. It is only necessary to connect the water supply / drainage device, and the number of connection points and connection piping can be reduced as compared with a fuel cell that needs to be connected for each laminate. As a result, the installation space of the fuel cell 10 can be reduced, and the installation of the fuel cell 10 can be facilitated. Further, since the fuel supply / discharge member 40 and the four laminated bodies 12A to 12D are integrated into a single rigid body, the fuel cell 10 can be easily installed in a vehicle or the like.
[0053]
Further, the fuel supply / discharge member 40 is sandwiched between the stacked bodies 12A to 12D, and the fuel gas, the oxidizing gas, and the cooling water from the contact surfaces of the stacked bodies 12A to 12D of the fuel supply / discharge member 40 to the stacked bodies 12A to 12D. Supply and discharge are performed, and pressure is applied by the pressurizing mechanism 110 from the other end of the stacked bodies 12A to 12D. Therefore, sufficient sealing performance can be secured on the contact surface between the fuel supply / discharge member 40 and the stacked bodies 12A to 12D. it can. As a result, leakage of fuel gas or the like can be prevented.
[0054]
Furthermore, each flow path on the supply side of the fuel supply / discharge member 40 from the fuel gas supply / discharge device and the oxidizing gas supply / discharge device to each of the stacked bodies 12A to 12D has the same shape for each stacked body, and each stacked body. Since each flow path on the discharge side of the fuel supply / discharge member 40 from 12A to 12D to the fuel gas supply / discharge device and the oxidant gas supply / discharge device has the same shape for each laminated body, the fuel supply / discharge member 40 The fuel gas and the oxidant gas can be evenly supplied to the respective laminates 12A to 12D, and the exhaust gas on the fuel gas side and the oxidant gas side is uniformly discharged from the respective laminates 12A to 12D to the fuel supply / discharge member 40. Can do. As a result, each of the stacked bodies 12A to 12D can be operated under the same conditions, and a fuel cell with high operating efficiency can be obtained.
[0055]
  the aboveIn the fuel cell 10, the upper case 80 is punched, a guide portion 85 and a guide portion 87 are provided in the rib portion 84 and the curved portion 86 facing the rib portion 84, respectively, and the curved portions 94 and 96 are provided in the lower case 90. Since the position of the unit cell 13 is determined when the stacked bodies 12A to 12D are stacked, the stacked bodies 12A to 12D can be stacked with high accuracy. As a result, a fuel cell with low internal resistance can be obtained. Also,the aboveIn the fuel cell 10, since the upper case 80 is punched, the stacked state of the stacked bodies 12 </ b> A to 12 </ b> D can be confirmed, and maintenance can be easily performed. further,the aboveIn the fuel cell 10, since the pressurization by the pressurizing mechanism 110 is performed for each of the stacked bodies 12 </ b> A to 12 </ b> D, the pressure applied to each of the stacked bodies 12 </ b> A to 12 </ b> D can be adjusted, and maintenance is performed for each of the stacked bodies 12 </ b> A to 12 </ b> D. can do.
[0056]
  In addition,the aboveIn the fuel cell 10, a fuel supply / discharge member 40 that is sandwiched between the four stacked bodies 12 </ b> A to 12 </ b> D and supplies and discharges fuel gas and the like to and from the four stacked bodies 12 </ b> A to 12 </ b> D is used. A structure using a fuel supply / discharge member that supplies and discharges fuel gas and the like to / from two stacked bodies, and an even number of sandwiched by an even number of stacked bodies such as six stacked bodies or eight stacked bodies It is also preferable to use a fuel supply / discharge member that supplies and discharges fuel gas to and from the laminate. Moreover, it is good also as a fuel supply-and-discharge member supported from multiple directions by three or more odd-numbered laminated bodies.
[0057]
  The above configurationThen, although the fuel gas supply port 50 and the fuel gas discharge port 59 are formed on the opposing surfaces of the fuel supply / discharge member 40, a configuration in which they are formed on the same surface is also suitable. Also,This exampleThe fuel supply / discharge member 40 is made of aluminum, but may be made of another metal such as iron, an alloy such as an aluminum alloy or other metal, or a resin such as engineering plastic. further,The above configurationThen, a single member is cut and a flow path such as the fuel gas supply flow path 51 is formed inside the fuel supply and discharge member 40. However, two or more members that have been cut in advance are joined to each other. A fuel supply / discharge member having a flow path such as a fuel gas supply flow path may be formed.
[0058]
  aboveIn the configuration example, the fuel supply / discharge member 40 is provided with the fuel gas supply / discharge flow path, the oxidizing gas supply / discharge flow path, and the cooling water supply / discharge flow path. It is good also as a structure which forms these two supply / exhaust flow paths. For example, depending on the operating conditions of the fuel cell, cooling water may not be necessary. In this case, passages such as the cooling water supply passages 43A to 43D may not be formed.
[0059]
  The above configuration exampleThen, although each laminated body 12A-12D was electrically connected in series in order of laminated body 12A, 12C, 12D, 12B by the wiring board 102, the terminal board 106, and the terminal board 108, each laminated body 12A-12D is electrically connected. Alternatively, two of the stacked bodies 12A to 12D may be electrically connected in series, and two sets connected in series may be electrically connected in parallel.
[0060]
When the stacked bodies 12A to 12D are electrically connected in parallel, the electrical polarities of the stacked ends of the stacked bodies facing each other with the fuel supply / discharge member 40 interposed therebetween may be the same or different. In this case, the terminal board 100 may be installed at both laminated ends of the laminated bodies 12A to 12D, and power may be taken out from the laminated bodies 12A to 12D via the terminals 100A formed on the terminal board 100, respectively. Alternatively, the stacked ends on the pressurizing mechanism 110 side of the stacked bodies 12A to 12D may be grounded, and the positive electrode or the negative electrode may be taken out from the stacked end on the fuel supply / discharge member 40 side. When the stacked ends on the pressing mechanism 110 side of the stacked bodies 12A to 12D are grounded, the stacked bodies 12A so that the stacked ends on the pressing mechanism 110 side of the stacked bodies 12A to 12D are all negative or positive. Laminate ~ 12D.
[0061]
When two of each of the stacked bodies 12A to 12D are electrically connected in series and the two sets connected in series are electrically connected in parallel, the stacked body 12A, the stacked body 12C, and the stacked body 12B The laminated body 12D may be connected in series by the connection plate 102, or the laminated body 12A and the laminated body 12B, and the laminated body 12C and the laminated body 12D may be connected in series by the terminal plate 106 and the terminal plate 108, respectively. . When the laminated body 12A and the laminated body 12B are connected in series, the laminated end of the laminated body 12A and the laminated body 12B on the pressure mechanism 110 side is connected by the terminal plate 106 and the terminal plate 108, and the fuel supply / discharge member 40 The output terminal may be taken out from the side, or the laminated end on the fuel supply / discharge member 40 side may be connected by the terminal plate 106 and the terminal plate 108 to take out the output terminal from the pressurizing mechanism 110 side.
[0062]
  NextBurnedCar 20 equipped with a rechargeable battery 100 exampleexplain about. FIG. 20 (a)Is burningInstall the battery 10 etc.Car 200FIG. 20B is a side view of the arrangement of the fuel cell 10 and the like. As shown in FIG. 20 (a), the automobile 200 includes a fuel cell 10, a fuel tank 220 that stores a mixture of methanol and water, reforms methanol, and supplies fuel gas to the fuel cell 10. The methanol reformer 222 that receives the exhaust gas on the fuel gas side that is discharged from the tank and regenerates it into methanol, the cooling water tank 224 that supplies the cooling water to the fuel cell 10, and the water supplied from the cooling water tank 224 to humidify the fuel gas A humidifier 226 that performs cooling, a radiator 228 that cools the cooling water discharged from the fuel cell 10 by heat exchange with the outside air, and the like are mounted.
[0063]
Here, in the automobile 200, a fuel tank 220 and a methanol reformer 222 are mounted as fuel gas supply / discharge devices connected to the fuel cell 10, and a cooling water tank 224 and a radiator 228 are mounted as cooling water supply / discharge devices. Yes. Further, the automobile 200 is equipped with an unillustrated compressor or the like that pressurizes outside air to a predetermined pressure and supplies it to the fuel cell 10 as an oxidizing gas supply / exhaust device. In addition, the automobile 200 is driven by the three-phase AC voltage from the inverters 210 and 212 and the inverters 210 and 212 that convert the DC voltage output from the fuel cell 10 into a three-phase AC voltage and control the amplitude and frequency. A motor 214 and the like are also mounted.
[0064]
As shown in FIG. 20B, the fuel cell 10, the humidifier 226, the inverters 210 and 212, and the motor 214 are installed under the rear seat 240 installed near the center of the automobile 200. The radiator 228 is installed at the lowermost part of the frontmost part of the automobile 200. Here, since the fuel cell 10 is assembled as one rigid body, the fuel cell 10 exhibits a behavior as one object with respect to the vibration of the automobile 200. The fuel cell 10 is installed in the automobile 200 because the fuel supply / discharge member 40 is connected to the fuel tank 220, the methanol reformer 222, and the cooling water tank 224 by connection piping or the like. The fuel supply / discharge member 40 is attached so as to support the load of the fuel cell 10 so that the fuel supply / discharge member 40 does not vibrate greatly.
[0065]
  As described above, since the fuel cell 10 is assembled as one rigid body, the fuel cell 10 can be easily mounted on the automobile 200 and can be considered as one object against vibrations when the automobile 200 travels. . Further, since the fuel supply / discharge member 40 is attached so as to support the load of the fuel cell 10, the fuel supply / discharge member 40 does not vibrate greatly due to vibration during traveling of the automobile 200, and is used for connection piping and connection. It is possible to reduce the stress applied to the bolts and the like. As a result, a sufficient sealing performance can be obtained at the connecting portion, and leakage of fuel gas, cooling water, etc. can be prevented. Furthermore, since the fuel cell 10 is installed under the rear seat 240 with the stacking direction of the stacked bodies 12A to 12D as the horizontal direction, the living space in the automobile 200 can be increased. In addition, in the Example, although the fuel cell 10 was mounted in the motor vehicle 200, you may mount in mobile vehicles other than a motor vehicle..
[0066]
  Next, the present inventionOther vehicles that can be mounted on the vehicleThe fuel cell 310 will be described. FIG.other2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an outline of a fuel cell 310. FIG. As shown in the figure, a fuel cell 310 includes four stacked bodies 312A to 312D formed by stacking unit cells, a fuel supply and discharge member 340 that supplies and discharges fuel to and from the stacked bodies 312A to 312D, and a stacked structure. The storage container 380 that stores the bodies 312A to 312D and the fuel supply / discharge member 340, and the pressurizing mechanism 110 that applies pressure in the stacking direction to the stacked bodies 312A to 312D. In addition,otherThe pressurizing mechanism 110 isaboveSince it is the same structure as the pressurization mechanism 110 with which the fuel cell 10 is provided, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted.
[0067]
FIG. 22 is a perspective view illustrating an outline of the configuration of the unit cell 313 and the cooling member 330 that configure the stacked bodies 312A to 312D. The unit cell 313 is a unit cell of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, and as shown in the figure, an electrolyte membrane 314, two gas diffusion electrodes 316 forming a sandwich structure with the electrolyte membrane 314 sandwiched from both sides, It comprises two collector electrodes 320 that sandwich the sandwich structure from both sides.
[0068]
  The electrolyte membrane 314 and the gas diffusion electrode 316 arethe aboveThe electrolyte membrane 14 and the gas diffusion electrode 16 are made of the same material (polymer material for the electrolyte membrane 314 and carbon cloth for the gas diffusion electrode 316), and bonded by the same method (hot press method). Yes.
[0069]
  The collector electrode 320 isthe aboveThe laminated surface is formed into a rectangular thin plate whose vertical direction is slightly longer than the horizontal direction in FIG. Elongated through holes (cooling water holes 321 and 322) are formed along the upper edge or the lower edge of the collector electrode 320 on the upper right side and lower left side of the laminated surface in the drawing. The cooling water holes 321 and 322 form a flow path of cooling water that penetrates the stacked body in the stacking direction when the stacked body is formed. In addition, through-holes (fuel gas holes 323 and 324 and oxidizing gas holes 325 and 326) having a cross section of a right isosceles triangle are formed in the laminated surface. The fuel gas holes 323 and 324 and the oxidizing gas holes 325 and 326 form a flow path that penetrates the stacked body of the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas in the stacking direction when the stacked body is formed.
[0070]
A plurality of parallel grooves 327 communicating between the fuel gas holes 323 and 324 located diagonally are formed on one of the stacked surfaces of the collector electrode 320 (the back surface in the drawing), and the other of the stacked surfaces (in the drawing). On the display surface, a groove 328 is formed to communicate between the oxidizing gas holes 25 and 26 located on the other diagonal. The groove 327 and the groove 328 are orthogonal to each other and form a flow path of the oxidizing gas or the fuel gas with the surface of the gas diffusion electrode 316, respectively. The collecting electrode 320 is disposed so that the groove 327 and the groove 328 face each other with the electrolyte membrane 314 and the gas diffusion electrode 316 interposed therebetween.
[0071]
The cooling member 330 is also formed of dense carbon like the collector electrode 320. The cooling surface of the cooling member 330 has the same shape as the cooling water holes 321, 322, the fuel gas holes 323 and 324, and the oxidizing gas holes 325 and 326 formed on the stacking surface of the collector electrode 320. 331, 332, fuel gas holes 333, 334 and oxidizing gas holes 335, 336 are formed. The cooling water holes 331 and 332 form a flow path of cooling water together with the cooling water holes 321 and 322 of the collector electrode 320, and the fuel gas holes 333 and 334 and the oxidizing gas holes 335 and 336 are fuel gas holes 323 of the collector electrode 320. , 324 and oxidizing gas holes 325 and 326 form a flow path for fuel gas and oxidizing gas. In addition, on one of the stacked surfaces of the cooling member 330 (display surface in the drawing), a distorted groove 338 extending from the cooling water hole 331 to the cooling water hole 332 is formed by the rib 337. The groove 338 forms a passage of cooling water with a laminated surface where a groove of a collecting electrode (not shown) where either the groove 327 or the groove 328 is not formed.
[0072]
  The unit cells 313 and the cooling member 330 thus configured are stacked to form stacked bodies 312A to 312D.thisAlso in the example, the unit cells 313 and the cooling member 330 were stacked at a ratio of 3: 1 to form stacked bodies 312A to 312D.
[0073]
FIG. 23 is a perspective view illustrating an overview of the fuel supply / discharge member 340. FIG. 24 is an explanatory view exemplifying a fuel gas supply channel and a discharge channel of the fuel supply / discharge member 340, and FIG. 25 is an oxidizing gas supply channel and a discharge channel of the fuel supply / discharge member 340. FIG. 26 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the cooling water supply flow path and the discharge flow path of the fuel supply / discharge member 340.
[0074]
The fuel supply / discharge member 340 is formed of aluminum in a rectangular parallelepiped shape. This fuel supply / discharge member 340, like the fuel supply / discharge member 40 of the first embodiment, is a fuel gas / oxidation gas from a fuel gas supply / discharge device, an oxidizing gas supply / discharge device, and a cooling water supply / discharge device (not shown). And the cooling water are supplied to the stacked bodies 312A to 312D, and the exhaust gas on the fuel gas side, the exhaust gas on the oxidizing gas side and the cooling water discharged from the stacked bodies 312A to 312D are supplied to the fuel gas supply / discharge device, the oxidizing gas supply / discharge device, and It is a member returned to the cooling water supply / discharge device. For this reason, the fuel supply / discharge member 340 includes a fuel gas supply / discharge device, which is described below, and a flow path for supplying and discharging fuel gas that communicates with each of the stacked bodies 312A to 312D, an oxidizing gas supply / discharge device, and each A flow path for supplying and discharging oxidizing gas that communicates with the stacked bodies 312A to 312D and a flow path for supplying and discharging cooling water that communicates with each of the stacked bodies 312A to 312D are formed. Yes.
[0075]
As shown in FIGS. 23 to 26, the fuel supply / discharge member 340 has two collector electrodes 320 arranged side by side so that the cooling water holes 321 are on both sides above the fuel supply / discharge member 340. When aligned, the cooling water holes 364A, 364B, 366A, and 366B aligned with the cooling water holes 321 and 322, the fuel gas holes 323 and 324, and the oxidizing gas holes 325 and 326 formed on the stacked surface of the two collector electrodes 320 are aligned. , Fuel gas holes 344A, 344B, 346A, 346B and oxidizing gas holes 354A, 354B, 356A, 356B are formed. Further, the upper surface in FIG. 23 of the fuel supply / discharge member 340 is connected to a fuel gas supply / discharge device, an oxidizing gas supply / discharge device, and a cooling water supply / discharge device (not shown) to supply fuel gas, oxidizing gas, and cooling water. Receiving supply holes 341, 351, 361 are formed, and on the lower surface (back surface) in FIG. 23, as shown in FIGS. 24 to 26, the fuel gas supply / discharge device, the oxidizing gas supply / discharge device, and the cooling water supply / discharge Discharge holes 349, 359, and 369 are formed which are connected to the apparatus and discharge the fuel gas exhaust gas, the oxidizing gas exhaust gas, and the cooling water to the fuel gas supply / discharge device, the oxidizing gas supply / discharge device, and the cooling water supply / discharge device. Yes.
[0076]
As shown in FIG. 24, the supply hole 341 communicates with the fuel gas holes 344A and 344B via fuel gas supply channels 342A and 342B, and the discharge hole 349 is connected to the fuel gas holes 346A and 346A via the fuel gas discharge channel 347. 346B. Therefore, the fuel supply / discharge member 340 supplies the fuel gas from the fuel gas supply / discharge device to the stacked bodies 312A to 312D via the supply holes 341, the fuel gas supply channels 342A and 342B, and the fuel gas holes 344A and 344B. At the same time, the fuel gas exhaust gas discharged from the stacked bodies 312A to 312D is discharged to the fuel gas supply / discharge device via the fuel gas holes 346A and 346B, the fuel gas discharge flow path 347, and the discharge hole 349.
[0077]
Further, as shown in FIG. 25, the supply hole 351 of the fuel supply / discharge member 340 communicates with the oxidation gas holes 354A and 354B through the oxidation gas supply flow path 352, and the discharge hole 359 is the oxidation gas discharge flow path. 357A and 357B communicate with oxidizing gas holes 356A and 356B. Therefore, the fuel supply / discharge member 340 supplies the oxidant gas from the oxidant gas supply / discharge device to the stacked bodies 312A to 312D via the supply hole 351, the oxidant gas supply channel 352, the oxidant gas holes 354A and 354B, The oxidizing gas exhaust gas discharged from the stacked bodies 312A to 312D is discharged to the oxidizing gas supply / exhaust device via the oxidizing gas holes 356A and 356B, the oxidizing gas discharge channels 357A and 357B, and the discharge holes 359.
[0078]
As shown in FIG. 26, the supply hole 361 of the fuel supply / discharge member 340 communicates with the cooling water holes 364A and 364B via the cooling water supply flow paths 362A and 362B, and the discharge hole 369 is the cooling water discharge flow path. 367A and 367B communicate with cooling water holes 366A and 366B. Accordingly, the fuel supply / discharge member 340 supplies the cooling water from the cooling water supply / discharge device to the stacked bodies 312A to 312D via the supply holes 361, the cooling water supply channels 362A and 362B, and the cooling water holes 364A and 364B. At the same time, the cooling water discharged from the stacked bodies 312A to 312D is discharged to the cooling water supply / discharge device through the cooling water holes 366A and 366B, the cooling water discharge channels 367A and 367B, and the discharge holes 369.
[0079]
Since the fuel supply / discharge member 340 configured in this manner is formed symmetrically in the front-rear and left-right directions, the fuel gas, the oxidizing gas, and the cooling water can be evenly supplied to the stacked bodies 312A to 312D.
[0080]
Next, the storage container 380 for storing such a fuel supply / discharge member 340 and the stacked bodies 312A to 312D will be described. 27 is a cross-sectional view of the fuel cell 310 shown in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 21 and 27, the storage container 380 has a rectangular box shape, and includes an upper lid 381, a storage portion 391 for storing the stacked bodies 312 </ b> A to 312 </ b> D, and an additive attached to both ends of the storage portion 391. The pressure mechanism 110 is configured.
[0081]
A rib 392 along the stacking direction of the stacked body 312A and the like is bent and formed inside the lower center of the storage portion 391. The rib 392 is cut off at a portion corresponding to a position where the fuel supply / discharge member 340 is attached. In addition, two parallel support portions 394A, 394B and the like along the stacking direction of the stacked body 312A and the like are formed on each surface along the stacking surface of the stacked body 312A and the like of the storage portion 391. Also, similar support portions 394A and 394B are formed. The contact portions of the support portions 394A and 394B such as the laminated body 312A are made of a material or an insulating material having a low frictional resistance or an insulating property when moved in contact with a surface along the stacking direction of the laminated body 312A. Products with reduced frictional resistance (for example, hard fluorine rubber or natural rubber, styrene rubber, butyl rubber, ethylene rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, hypalon, silicon rubber, etc. and its surface is coated with fluorine grease, for example) A frictional resistance reducing member 398 formed by the like is attached. Further, a flange 396 for attaching the upper lid 381 is formed on the upper portion of the storage portion 391.
[0082]
A rib 382 along the stacking direction of the stacked body 312 </ b> A or the like is also bent and formed inside the upper portion 81. The rib 382 is also cut off at a portion corresponding to the position where the fuel supply / discharge member 340 is attached. In addition, two parallel support portions 384A, 384B and the like along the stacking direction of the stacked body 312A and the like are also formed on the surface along the stacking surface of the stacked body 312A and the like of the upper lid 381. A frictional resistance reducing member 398 is attached to the contact side of the laminated body 312A of 384B. A flange 386 that is aligned with the flange 396 of the storage portion 391 is formed at the edge of the upper lid 381 and can be attached to the storage portion 391 by a bolt (not shown).
[0083]
A pressurizing mechanism 110 is attached to each end of the storage container 380 in the longitudinal direction, and the stacked bodies 312A to 312D stored in the storage container 380 can be pressurized in the stacking direction by the pressurization mechanism 110. .
[0084]
Next, a state in which the stacked body 312A and the like are stacked on the storage container 380 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 28 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a state in which the stacked body 312A and the like are stacked on the storage portion 391 of the storage container 380. First, the fuel supply / discharge member 340 is installed at the center of the storage portion 391, and the storage portion 391 is slightly tilted from the horizontal as shown in FIG. In this state, the unit cell 313 and the cooling member 30 are stacked obliquely above the fuel supply / discharge member 340. At this time, since the support portions 394A and 394B of the storage portion 391 guide the cell 313 and the like, the cell 313 and the like are easily positioned. Further, since the frictional resistance reducing member 398 is attached to the support portions 394A and 394B, the support portions 394A and 394B can be stacked in an orderly manner without generating a gap between the adjacent unit cells 313.
[0085]
Thus, when a predetermined number of unit cells 313 are stacked obliquely above the fuel supply / discharge member 340, the pressurizing mechanism 110 is attached to the end of the storage unit 391 where the stack is formed, and the stack is slightly pressurized. And temporarily fix. Since the formed laminated body is supported via the storage portion 391 and the frictional resistance reducing member 398, temporary fixing by the pressurizing mechanism 110 is also smoothly performed.
[0086]
Next, as shown in FIG. 28 (b), the storage portion 391 is tilted so that the direction in which the stacked body is formed is inclined downward, and the unit cells 313 and the like are stacked in the same manner diagonally above the fuel supply / discharge member 340. . And the pressurization mechanism 110 is attached to the lamination | stacking end side, and it presses slightly and temporarily fixes.
[0087]
Subsequently, the unit cell 313 in which the stacked bodies 312A to 312D formed on both sides of the fuel supply / discharge member 340 are stacked by the pressurizing mechanism 110 is pressurized so as to have a predetermined surface pressure. During the pressurization, pressurization is performed so that the pressure applied to the stacked bodies 312A to 312D on both sides of the fuel supply / discharge member 340 is as uniform as possible. Since the stacked bodies 312A to 312D are supported via the storage portion 391 and the frictional resistance reducing member 398, the stacked bodies 312A to 312D are smoothly pressed and the surface pressure acting on each unit cell 313 in the stacked body becomes uniform. Next, the upper lid 381 is attached to the storage portion 391 to complete the fuel cell 310.
[0088]
A fuel gas supply / discharge device, an oxidant gas supply / discharge device, and a cooling water supply / discharge device (not shown) are connected to the fuel supply / discharge member 340 of the fuel cell 310 constituted by each of these components, and the fuel gas, the oxidant gas, and the cooling are connected. When water is supplied, the fuel cell 310 performs the above-described electrochemical reaction and directly converts chemical energy into electrical energy.
[0089]
  Explained aboveanotherAccording to the fuel cell 310, since the frictional resistance reducing member 398 is installed on the support portions 394A and 394B of the stacked bodies 312A to 312D of the storage portion 391, the stack can be easily assembled to the storage portion 391 with high accuracy. In addition, when a predetermined pressure is applied to the stacked bodies 312A to 312D, the stacked bodies 312A to 312D are smoothly pressed to form the stacked bodies 312A to 312D. Therefore, the fuel cell 310 can be smaller and more accurate. Further, since the fuel supply / discharge member 340 is installed at the central portion of the integrally formed storage portion 391, the storage portion 391 takes charge of the tensile pressure by the pressurizing mechanism 110, and the fuel supply / discharge member 340 is fixed to the storage portion 391. There is no need to do.
[0090]
Of course, in order to supply and discharge fuel gas, oxidizing gas, and cooling water to each of the stacked bodies 312A to 312D, a fuel supply / discharge member 340, a fuel gas supply / discharge device, an oxidizing gas supply / discharge device, and a cooling water supply / discharge device, As compared with a fuel cell that needs to be connected for each laminate, the number of connection points and connection piping can be reduced, and the installation space for the fuel cell 310 can be reduced. In addition, since the fuel supply / discharge member 340 and the four stacked bodies 312A to 312D are integrated into a single rigid body, the fuel cell 310 can be easily installed in a vehicle or the like. Since the fuel supply / discharge member 340 is sandwiched between the stacked bodies 312A to 312D and pressure is applied from the other end by the pressurizing mechanism 110, a sufficient sealing property is provided on the contact surface between the fuel supply / discharge member 340 and the stacked bodies 312A to 312D. Can be secured. Further, the fuel gas and the like are uniformly supplied from the fuel supply / discharge member 340 to the stacked bodies 312A to 312D, and the fuel gas exhaust gas and the like are discharged from the stacked bodies 312A to 312D to the fuel supply / discharge member 340 evenly. Therefore, each of the stacked bodies 312A to 312D can be operated under the same conditions, and a fuel cell with high operating efficiency can be obtained.
[0091]
  the aboveIn the fuel cell 310, the frictional resistance reducing member 398 is installed on the support portions 394A and 394B of the storage portion 391. However, the supporting portions 394A and 394B may be formed of a frictional resistance reducing member.
[0092]
  the aboveIn the fuel cell 310, the fuel supply / discharge member 340 is formed with only holes and the like necessary for supply and discharge of fuel gas and the like. However, like the fuel supply / discharge member 340B illustrated in FIG. In order to reduce the weight of the member, a configuration in which the holes 371A and 371B and the holes 372A to 378A and 372B to 378B are formed in the center of the contact surface of the portion in contact with the stacked bodies 312A to 312D is also preferable. Needless to say, the shape of the hole for weight reduction is not limited to the holes 371A, 372A and the like illustrated in FIG.
[0093]
  the aboveIn the fuel cell 310, the fuel supply / discharge member 340 is formed of aluminum, but other metals such as iron, various alloys, phenol resin, melamine resin, unsaturated polyester resin, epoxy resin, silicon resin, etc. are thermoset. May be formed of thermoplastic plastic, fluororesin, tetrafluoroethylene resin, polycarbonate, polyphenylene sulfide, polyphenylene ether, or other thermoplastic plastic. If the fuel supply / discharge member 340 is formed of resin or the like, the fuel supply / discharge member 340 insulates, so there is no need to provide an insulating plate on the fuel supply / discharge member 340 side of the stacked bodies 312A to 312D.
[0094]
  the aboveIn the fuel cell 310, the fuel supply / discharge member 340 is installed in the central portion of the integrally formed storage portion 391.First explainedThe upper case 80 and the lower case 90 which are separated as in the fuel cell 10 may be attached to the fuel supply / discharge member 340. In this case, like the fuel supply / discharge member 340C shown in FIG. 30, the fuel supply / discharge member is formed by joining the member 442 formed of aluminum and the members 444, 446 formed of resin sandwiching the member 442. If the upper case 80 and the lower case 90 are attached to the member 442, greater strength can be obtained than when the upper case 80 and the lower case 90 are attached to the resin, and insulation from the stacked bodies 312A to 312D can be obtained. Can also be combined.
[0095]
The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and it is needless to say that the present invention can be implemented in various modes without departing from the gist of the present invention.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an embodiment of the present invention.Mounted on vehicle1 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an outline of a fuel cell 10. FIG.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating an outline of a unit cell 13 and a cooling member 30 that constitute a stacked body 12A to 12D.
3 is a perspective view illustrating an overview of a fuel supply / discharge member 40. FIG.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view illustrating a fuel gas supply channel of a fuel supply / discharge member 40;
FIG. 5 is an explanatory view illustrating a fuel gas discharge passage of a fuel supply / discharge member 40;
FIG. 6 is an explanatory view illustrating an oxidizing gas supply channel and a discharge channel of a fuel supply / discharge member 40;
7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of the fuel supply / discharge member 40 shown in FIG. 3. FIG.
8 is a cross-sectional view of the fuel supply / discharge member 40 shown in FIG.
9 is a cross-sectional view of the fuel supply / discharge member 40 shown in FIG. 3 taken along the line CC.
10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line DD of the fuel supply / discharge member 40 shown in FIG. 3. FIG.
11 is a cross-sectional view of the upper case 80 shown in FIG. 1 taken along the line E-E.
12 is a cross-sectional view of the upper case 80 shown in FIG. 1 taken along the line F-F.
13 is a cross-sectional view of the lower case 90 shown in FIG. 1 taken along the line GG.
14 is a cross-sectional view taken along line HH of the lower case 90 shown in FIG.
FIG. 15 is an explanatory view illustrating a state in which the stacked body 12A and the stacked body 12C are connected.
FIG. 16 is an explanatory view illustrating a state in which the stacked body 12C and the stacked body 12D are connected.
FIG. 17 is an explanatory view illustrating the configuration of a pressurizing mechanism 110.
18 is an explanatory view illustrating the outline of a rotation preventing member 120. FIG.
FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an outline of a pressure member.
20 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of an arrangement when the fuel cell 10 or the like is mounted on the automobile 200. FIG.
FIG. 21other2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an outline of a fuel cell 310. FIG.
22 is a perspective view illustrating an outline of a unit cell 313 and a cooling member 330 that constitute a stacked body 312A to 312D. FIG.
FIG. 23BurningFIG. 6 is a perspective view illustrating an overview of a charge / discharge member 340 for a fee.
24 is an explanatory view exemplifying a fuel gas supply channel and a discharge channel of a fuel supply / discharge member 340. FIG.
FIG. 25 is an explanatory view exemplifying an oxidizing gas supply channel and a discharge channel of a fuel supply / discharge member 340;
FIG. 26 is an explanatory view illustrating a cooling water supply channel and a discharge channel for the fuel supply / discharge member 340;
27 is a cross-sectional view of the fuel cell 310 shown in FIG. 21 taken along the line JJ.
FIG. 28 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a state in which the stacked body 312A and the like are stacked on the storage portion 391 of the storage container 380.
FIG. 29BurningFIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an outline of a fuel supply / discharge member 340B that is a modification of the fuel supply / discharge member 340;
FIG. 30BurningFIG. 10 is a perspective view illustrating an overview of a fuel supply / discharge member 340C, which is a modification of the fuel supply / discharge member 340.
[Explanation of symbols]
10. Fuel cell
12A-12D ... Laminated body
13 ... Single battery
14 ... electrolyte membrane
16 ... Gas diffusion electrode
20 ... collector electrode
21, 22 ... Cooling water holes
23, 24 ... Fuel gas hole
25, 26 ... oxidizing gas hole
27, 28 ... groove
30 ... Cooling member
31, 32 ... Cooling water hole
33, 34 ... Fuel gas hole
35, 36 ... oxidizing gas hole
37 ... Ribs
38 ... groove
40 ... Fuel supply / discharge member
42A-42D ... Cooling water supply port
43A-43D ... Cooling water supply passage
44A-44D ... Cooling water supply connection port
46A-46D ... Cooling water outlet
47A-47D ... Cooling water discharge passage
48A-48D ... Cooling water discharge connection port
50 ... Fuel gas supply port
51 ... Fuel gas supply channel
52 ... Fuel gas communication channel
52A ... Fuel gas flow path forming member
53 ... Cutting hole
54 ... Fuel gas distribution chamber
54A ... Fuel gas distribution chamber forming member
56: Cutting hole
57 ... Fuel gas discharge passage
57A ... Fuel gas discharge channel forming member
58 ... Fuel gas discharge communication channel
59 ... Fuel gas outlet
62A-62D ... Fuel gas supply connection port
63A-63D ... Fuel gas supply passage
64A-64D ... Fuel gas discharge connection port
65A-65D ... Fuel gas discharge passage
70 ... Oxidizing gas distribution groove
71A-71D ... oxidizing gas supply port
72A-72D ... oxidizing gas supply connection port
73A-73D ... oxidizing gas supply passage
74A-74D ... oxidizing gas discharge connection port
75A-75D ... oxidizing gas discharge passage
76A-76D ... oxidizing gas outlet
78 ... Oxidizing gas discharge section
80 ... Upper case
81 ... Upper part
82 ... Side
84 ... rib part
85 ... Guide part
86: Curved part
87 ... Guide part
90 ... Lower case
91 ... Bottom
92 ... Side part
94, 96, 98 ... curved portion
99 ... Terminal hole
100 ... terminal
102 ... Connection board
104 ... engaging part
106 ... Terminal board
107 ... engaging convex part
108 ... Terminal board
109 ... engaging recess
110 ... Pressure mechanism
112 ... Mounting plate
114 ... through hole
120: Anti-rotation member
122 ... pedestal
124 ... fitting part
126 ... through hole
130: Pressurizing member
132 ... disc
134 ... Pressure rib
136 ... Pressurizing shaft
138: Pressurized recess
140 ... Pressure bolt
142 ... end
144: Screwed part
146 ... end
200 ... car
210, 212 ... Inverter
214 ... Motor
220 ... Fuel tank
222 ... Methanol reformer
224 ... Cooling water tank
226 ... Humidifier
228 ... Radiator
240 ... rear seat
310 ... Fuel cell
312A-312D ... Laminated body
313: Single cell
314 ... electrolyte membrane
316: Gas diffusion electrode
320 ... collector electrode
321, 322 ... Cooling water hole
323, 324 ... Fuel gas hole
325, 326 ... oxidizing gas hole
327, 328 ... groove
330 ... Cooling member
331, 332 ... Cooling water hole
333, 334 ... Fuel gas hole
335, 336 ... oxidizing gas hole
337 ... ribs
338 ... groove
340 ... Fuel supply / discharge member
340B ... Fuel supply / discharge member
340C ... Fuel supply / discharge member
341, 351, 361 ... supply hole
342A, 342B ... Fuel gas supply flow path
344A, 344B, 346A, 346B ... fuel gas hole
347 ... Fuel gas discharge passage
349, 359, 369 ... discharge hole
352 ... oxidizing gas supply flow path
354A, 354B, 356A, 356B ... oxidizing gas hole
357A, 357B ... oxidizing gas discharge flow path
362A, 362B ... Cooling water supply flow path
364A, 364B, 366A, 366B ... Cooling water hole
367A, 367B ... Cooling water discharge channel
371A, 371B ... hole
372A to 378A, 372B to 378B ... hole
380 ... Storage container
381 ... Upper lid
382 ... Ribs
384A, 384B ... support part
386 ... Flange
391. Storage unit
392 ... Ribs
394A, 394B ... support part
396 ... Flange
398 ... Friction resistance reducing member
442 ... member
444, 446 ... member

Claims (3)

A vehicle equipped with a fuel cell including a laminate formed by laminating unit cells,
The fuel cell is a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, wherein the stacked body is opposed in the horizontal direction, and a fuel supply / discharge member for supplying and discharging fuel and cooling water is sandwiched between the opposed stacked bodies. The fuel cell is mounted on a vehicle so that the stacking direction of the unit cells is a horizontal direction.
A radiator that cools the cooling water discharged from the fuel cell by heat exchange with outside air is provided at the lower front portion of the vehicle as a flat shape along the vehicle floor surface ,
A cooling water passage from the fuel supply / discharge member of the fuel cell to the radiator is installed from the fuel cell toward the front of the vehicle;
An installation position of the fuel cell and the radiator is a space below a seat. The fuel cell, a humidifier that humidifies fuel gas, an inverter that converts direct current power output from the fuel cell into alternating current, and a vehicle drive motor are installed under a rear seat that is installed in the approximate center of the vehicle. The vehicle equipped with a fuel cell according to claim 1.   2. The fuel cell-equipped vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the fuel supply and discharge member of the fuel cell is connected to a fuel tank that supplies fuel gas and a cooling water tank that supplies cooling water to the fuel cell by a connection pipe.

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