JP4261758B2 - Supercharger channel structure - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a supercharger channel structure, and a supercharger for cooling and / or lubricating an engine supercharger including an engine body including an engine block and the like and a supercharger. The present invention relates to a flow channel structure.
[0002]
[Background]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, in an engine such as a vehicle, it is known to provide a supercharger in order to send intake air to a combustion chamber at a high pressure. As a type of such a supercharger, there are a mechanical drive type that compresses using a driving force and an exhaust turbine type that rotates and compresses a turbine using exhaust.
The exhaust turbine supercharger includes a turbine, a compressor, and a shaft member that couples the turbine and the compressor. When the turbine is rotated by exhaust gas, the compressor is rotated through the shaft member. The compressor compresses the intake air.
In the mechanically driven supercharger, unlike the exhaust turbine supercharger, the compressor is rotated to compress the intake air by rotating the shaft member by mechanical means such as a motor.
[0003]
In such a supercharger, in order to increase the supercharging efficiency, the shaft member and the bearing that rotatably supports the shaft member are lubricated with lubricating oil. Lubrication piping for supplying lubricating oil to a shaft member and a bearing is connected.
However, in particular, in the exhaust turbine supercharger, as described above, the turbine is rotated by the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the combustion chamber, so that the turbine side of the supercharger is exposed to a high temperature during engine operation. It is in the state that was done. For this reason, if the rotation of the turbine is stopped immediately after the engine is stopped, the lubricating oil may be carbonized. And when restarting the engine, if carbonized lubricating oil adheres to the shaft member etc., the shaft member etc. will be loaded, the supercharging efficiency will be worsened and the lubrication condition will be worsened, the bearing and shaft will be abnormal Wear is likely to occur.
In order to avoid such a problem, the supercharger is connected to a cooling pipe for supplying a cooling liquid to a portion requiring cooling (such as a water jacket formed on the turbine side of the supercharger). .
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, since the cooling pipe connected to the above-described supercharger communicates the cooling-required portion of the supercharger with, for example, the engine radiator (coolant coolant), the radiator is separated from the supercharger. When it is arranged at a position, each pipe that communicates them becomes long. In addition, the lubrication piping that supplies lubricating oil to the turbocharger communicates the lubrication required portion of the turbocharger with, for example, an oil cooler, and the oil cooler is separated from the turbocharger in the same manner as the cooling piping. If they are arranged at different positions, the pipes that connect them become longer.
In addition, since the lubrication piping and cooling piping must be bent so as not to interfere with other components of the engine, the number of pipe joints increases, resulting in a complicated piping structure. There is a problem of becoming. In particular, in a large engine, as the number of cylinders increases, the number of superchargers increases and the number of lubrication and cooling pipes also increases, resulting in a more complicated piping structure.
In addition, when the number of connecting portions of the piping increases, problems such as leakage due to loosening of the connecting portions due to vibration during engine operation or the like are likely to occur.
[0005]
An object of the present invention is to provide a supercharger flow path structure that can eliminate a complicated piping structure.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the supercharger flow path structure of the present invention has the following configuration.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an engine for cooling and / or lubricating the supercharger of an engine including an engine body including an engine block having a V-shaped bank and a supercharger. A flow path structure for a feeder, which is provided in the engine body, and is provided with a coolant flow path through which a coolant flows and / or a lubricant flow path through which lubricating oil flows, and the coolant flow path and the supercharger A cooling channel that communicates with a portion that requires cooling, and / or a lubricating channel that communicates between the lubricating oil channel and a portion that requires lubrication of the supercharger, and the coolant channel includes the engine block In the groove, an oil cooler is accommodated in the groove, and a bracket closes the groove and is attached to the engine block in the vicinity of the supercharger. A part of the cooling channel and / or the lubricating channel is provided, and the groove and the cooling channel are connected .
[0007]
In this invention, both the cooling channel and the lubricating channel may be provided in the bracket, or only one of the cooling channel and the lubricating channel may be provided in the bracket. .
For example, when the cooling flow path is provided in the bracket, the cooling liquid that has flowed through the cooling liquid flow path of the engine body is guided to the portion of the turbocharger that requires cooling through the cooling flow path in the bracket. Since the cooling flow path is provided in the bracket, it is possible to reduce the number of pipes that guide the coolant to the parts that require cooling of the supercharger, and the bracket is located near the supercharger. Therefore, the piping structure can be simplified. In addition, since the cooling flow path of the bracket and the coolant flow path of the engine block are connected at the mounting portion of the bracket and the engine block, there is no need to use a pipe when connecting the flow paths, The piping length can be minimized, and the piping structure between the engine body and the supercharger can be made more compact.
On the other hand, when the lubricating flow path is provided in the bracket, the lubricating oil that has flowed through the lubricating oil flow path of the engine body is guided to the lubrication required portion of the supercharger through the lubricating flow path in the bracket. Even in such a case, substantially the same effect as when the cooling flow path is provided in the bracket can be obtained. In other words, since the lubrication flow path is provided inside the bracket placed near the turbocharger, it is possible to reduce the number of pipes that guide the lubricating oil to the parts that require lubrication of the supercharger, and to shorten the flow paths in the pipes and brackets. And the piping structure can be simplified.
Furthermore, by providing a plurality of flow paths and bent flow paths in the bracket, the number of pipes and the joints between the pipes can be reduced, and the pipe structure can be further simplified.
And since the number of the connection parts of piping can be decreased, the probability that malfunctions, such as a leak, will also be reduced.
In addition, since a groove portion as a coolant flow path is formed between the banks of the engine block and the oil cooler is accommodated in the groove portion, space saving can be achieved.
The cooling flow path and the lubrication flow path may return the coolant and the lubricating oil to the cooling liquid flow path and the lubricating oil flow path from the cooling required portion and the lubrication required portion of the supercharger, respectively. In such a case, the above-described effects can be obtained.
[0008]
According to a second aspect of the invention, the turbocharger flow path structure according to claim 1, wherein the cooling required site before Symbol supercharger is characterized in that a bearing unit.
According to the present invention, prevention since leading coolant to the bearing portion of the emitted easy supercharger high heat, it is possible to improve the durability of the bearing of the turbocharger, the deterioration due to high temperature of the lubricating oil it can.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows an engine 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The engine 1 includes an engine body 2 and a supply / exhaust system 3 that supplies and exhausts air to and from the engine body 2. Among these, the supply / exhaust system 3 includes a first supercharger 51 and a second supercharger 52 arranged in series, and the first and second superchargers 51 and 52 can perform two-stage supercharging. is there.
The engine body 2 includes an engine block 11 integrally including an upper block 111 in which combustion chambers (not shown) are arranged in a V shape and a lower block 112 in which a crankshaft (not shown) is housed. A cylinder head 12 is mounted on the upper block 111 of the engine block 11 to form the top wall of the combustion chamber, and a head cover 13 is provided on the cylinder head 12.
An air supply manifold 60 and an exhaust manifold 70 constituting the air supply / exhaust system 3 are respectively connected to the cylinder head 12, and the air supply manifold 60 is connected to the compressor side of the first supercharger 51 via an air supply pipe 61. The exhaust manifold 70 is connected to the turbine inlet 511 </ b> A of the first supercharger 51.
[0010]
The engine block 11 is formed long in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface. A plurality of combustion chambers are arranged in the upper block 111 in a direction orthogonal to the paper surface. An oil pan 20 is disposed below the lower block 112 of the engine block 11. It is attached.
In the upper block 111, at the top 111A located between the V-shaped left and right banks 111C, a groove 111B serving as a coolant flow path opened upward extends along the longitudinal direction of the engine block 11 (the direction perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 1). A bracket 31 having a substantially I-shaped side surface is installed across the groove 111B.
[0011]
The bracket 31 has a bottom portion 31A installed across the groove portion 111B, and an upright portion 31B standing on the bottom portion 31A. A frame bracket 33 is installed on the upright portion 31B. The second supercharger 52 of the air supply / exhaust system 3 is attached to 33.
Further, as shown in FIG. 2, in addition to the bracket 31, a rectangular plate 32 is disposed in the groove 111 </ b> B.
Although only one bracket 31 and one plate 32 are illustrated in FIG. 2, a plurality of brackets 31 and plates 32 are actually arranged in the longitudinal direction of the groove 111 </ b> B, and the opening of the groove 111 </ b> B is closed by the bottom 31 </ b> A of the bracket 31 and the plate 32. The inside of the groove 111B is a sealed space.
[0012]
Returning to FIG. 1, the oil cooler 21 is attached to the bottom surface of the bottom 31 </ b> A of the bracket 31, and the oil cooler 21 is thereby suspended in the groove 111 </ b> B.
A first oil passage 22 and a second oil passage 23 provided in the engine block 11 are respectively connected to the lower portion of the oil cooler 21, and lubricating oil is supplied from the first oil passage 22 to the oil cooler 21. It flows into the inside and flows out of the oil cooler 21 from the second oil passage 23.
The leading end of the first oil passage 22 reaches the inside of the oil pan 20, and a strainer 24 is provided at the leading end, and an oil pump 25 that pumps lubricating oil from the oil pan 20 in the middle of the first oil passage 22. Is provided.
Although not shown, the second oil passage 23 is connected to a plurality of lubrication-required parts of the engine 1 at the tip. Here, examples of the site requiring lubrication include the first and second superchargers 51 and 52 of the air supply / exhaust system 3, crankshafts, camshafts, timing gears, and pistons (not shown).
[0013]
Further, a water supply passage 41 provided in the engine block 11 is connected to the groove portion 111B, and a water pump 41A is provided in the middle of the water supply passage 41. By this water pump 41A, a groove portion from a radiator (not shown) is provided. Cooling water is supplied into 111B. Thereby, the oil cooler 21 accommodated in the groove 111B is cooled.
In addition, although illustration is abbreviate | omitted, water pump 41A is supplying not only the groove part 111B but the cooling water to the engine 1 other cooling required site | part. Here, examples of the site requiring cooling include the first supercharger 51 of the air supply / exhaust system 3, a water jacket (not shown) formed in the engine block 11, and the cylinder head 12.
[0014]
The air supply / exhaust system 3 is configured substantially symmetrically across the longitudinal direction of the engine block 11, and the air supply system 3 </ b> A disposed on both outer sides of the V-shaped banks 111 </ b> C of the engine block 11 and the engine block 11. Each bank 111C includes an exhaust system 3B disposed with a bracket 31 therebetween.
In the air supply system 3 </ b> A, an air supply gas (air) introduced from an air cleaner (not shown) is guided to a suction port 523 </ b> A on the compressor (blower) side of the second supercharger 52, and the compressor of the second supercharger 52 The discharge port 523B on the side is connected to the suction port 513A on the compressor side of the first supercharger 51 by a pipe (not shown), and the discharge port 513B on the compressor side of the first supercharger 51 is connected via the air supply pipe 61. The intake manifold 60 is connected to the suction port 60A. A cylinder head 12 is connected to each of the plurality of discharge ports 60B of the supply manifold 60 so that supply gas is supplied into the combustion chamber via a supply valve (not shown) provided in the cylinder head 12. It has become.
An aftercooler 62 is provided between the air supply manifold 60 and the air supply pipe 61, so that the air supply gas is cooled before being supplied into the combustion chamber of the engine block 11.
[0015]
In the exhaust system 3 </ b> B, the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion chamber of the engine block 11 through an exhaust valve (not shown) of the cylinder head 12 is guided to the exhaust manifold 70. The exhaust manifold 70 has a branched intake port 70 </ b> A connected to the cylinder head 12, and a discharge port 70 </ b> B connected to the turbine-side intake port 511 </ b> A of the first supercharger 51. A turbine inlet (not shown) of the second supercharger 52 is connected to the turbine-side discharge port of the first supercharger 51, and the turbine-side discharge port 521 </ b> B of the second supercharger 52. Is connected to an exhaust muffler (not shown).
[0016]
In FIG. 3, the structure of the 1st supercharger 51 is explained in full detail. Here, since the 2nd supercharger 52 has the structure substantially the same as the 1st supercharger 51, the description is abbreviate | omitted. The first supercharger 51 includes a turbine housing 511 connected to the exhaust manifold 70, a center housing 512 attached to the turbine housing 511, and a compressor housing 513 (blower housing 513) attached to the center housing 512. It has.
A shaft member 515 is rotatably provided in the center housing 512 via a bearing 514, and both ends of the shaft member 515 reach the turbine housing 511 and the compressor housing 513, respectively. A turbine blade 516 is provided at the end of the shaft member 515 on the turbine housing 511 side, and a compressor blade 517 is provided at the end on the compressor housing 513 side.
In such a configuration, exhaust gas entering from an inlet (not shown) of the turbine housing 511 is discharged from the discharge port 511 </ b> B by turning the turbine blade 516. When the turbine blade 516 is rotated by the exhaust gas and the shaft member 515 and the compressor blade 517 are rotated, the supply gas that has entered from the suction port 513A of the compressor housing 513 is compressed by the compressor blade 517 and is discharged from the discharge port 513B. Released.
[0017]
Here, a flow path structure for lubricating the first supercharger 51 will be described.
A lubrication flow path 512A for guiding lubricating oil to the bearing 514 is formed in the upper part of the center housing 512, and an oil outlet 512B from which the lubricating oil flows out is formed in the lower part. The lubricating flow path 512A is connected to the oil cooler 21 via a pipe (not shown), and the oil outlet 512B is guided to the oil pan 20 via a pipe (not shown).
[0018]
Next, a flow path structure for cooling the first supercharger 51 will be described.
A water jacket 512C is formed in a portion of the center housing 512 on the turbine housing 511 side, and the water jacket 512C is formed in an annular shape so as to surround an end of the shaft member 515 on the turbine side. By supplying cooling water to the jacket 512 </ b> C, the turbine-side bearing 514 and the shaft member 515 of the supercharger 51 can be cooled.
Here, the first supercharger 51 will be described in detail. The supercharger water supply pipe 42 and the supercharger drain pipe 43 shown in FIG. 2 are connected to the water jacket 512C, respectively.
The supercharger water supply pipe 42 is connected to the groove 111 </ b> B of the engine block 11 via a cooling flow path 311 (FIG. 4) formed inside the bracket 31.
The cooling flow path 311 of the bracket 31 is bent, and the inflow port 311A is formed at the bottom 31A of the bracket 31 and opens downward to face the groove 111B of the engine block 11. The outlet 311B of the cooling flow path 311 is formed at the side end of the raised portion 31B of the bracket 31 and is open to the side, and the supercharger water supply pipe 42 is connected thereto. Here, since the bracket 31 is disposed between the engine block 11 and the first supercharger 51, the lengths of the cooling flow path 311 and the supercharger water supply pipe 42 of the bracket 31 are minimized. It can be done.
In FIG. 4, two supercharger water supply pipes 42 are connected to the outlet 311 </ b> B via a joint 44, and these two supercharger water supply pipes 42 are adjacent to each other. Each of the first superchargers 51 is connected to supply cooling water.
On the other hand, the supercharger drain pipe 43 is connected to, for example, a radiator or the like.
[0019]
Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
First, the flow of air supply and exhaust will be described.
The supply gas (air) sucked from an air cleaner (not shown) is supercharged in two stages through the second supercharger 52 and the first supercharger 51 in order, and is cooled by the aftercooler 62. The supply gas cooled by the aftercooler 62 passes through the supply manifold 60 and is sent to the combustion chamber via the cylinder head 12.
Exhaust gas discharged from the combustion chamber passes through the first supercharger 51 and the second supercharger 52 in order through the cylinder head 12 and the exhaust manifold 70, and passes through the turbine blades 516 of the superchargers 51 and 52. It is rotated and discharged from an exhaust muffler (not shown).
[0020]
Next, the flow of the lubricating oil will be described.
The lubricating oil accommodated in the oil pan 20 is pumped up by the oil pump 25 and cooled by the oil cooler 21, and then sent to the lubrication-needed portion of the engine 1.
Here, the lubrication of the first supercharger 51 will be described in detail. The lubricant cooled by the oil cooler 21 is guided to the lubrication flow path 512A of the center housing 512, and lubricates the bearing 514 and the shaft member 515. After this lubrication, the oil flows out from the outlet 512B of the center housing 512 and returns to the oil pan 20.
[0021]
Next, the flow of cooling water will be described.
The cooling water is sent from a radiator (not shown) to a portion requiring cooling of the engine 1 by a water pump 41A. Here, the parts requiring cooling are the water jacket and groove 111B (oil cooler 21) of the engine block 11, the first and second superchargers 51, 52, and the like.
Here, the cooling of the first supercharger 51 will be described in detail. The cooling water sent from the radiator to the groove 111B by the water pump 41A cools the oil cooler 21, and then the pressure in the water pump 41A causes the inside of the bracket 31 to be cooled. The cooling passage 311 and the supercharger water supply pipe 42 are sequentially passed to reach the water jacket 512C of the center housing 512 of the first supercharger 51 to cool the first supercharger 51. After this cooling, the cooling water returns to the radiator through the supercharger drain pipe 43.
[0022]
According to this embodiment as described above, the following effects are obtained.
(1) Since the cooling flow path 311 for guiding the cooling water to the water jacket 512C of the first supercharger 51 is provided inside the bracket 31, the cooling water is supplied to the first supercharger 51 in the necessary portion ( The piping for leading to the water jacket 512C) can be reduced, and the bracket 31 is disposed between the engine block 11 and the first supercharger 51, so that the supercharger water supply pipe 42 and the cooling in the bracket 31 are used. The length of the flow path 311 can be minimized, thereby simplifying the piping structure.
[0023]
(2) The opening of the groove 111B of the engine block 11 is closed by the bottom 31A of the bracket 31, and the inlet 311A of the cooling flow path 311 of the bracket 31 is the groove at the mounting portion between the bracket 31 and the engine block 11. Since the cooling flow path 311 and the groove 111B are connected by facing 111B, the piping structure between the engine block 11 and the first supercharger 51 can be made compact.
In addition, since no connection part is required in the connection between the cooling flow path 311 and the groove 111B, the number of connection parts between the flow paths can be reduced, and the probability of occurrence of problems such as leakage can be reduced.
[0024]
(3) Since the cooling flow path 311 is formed in the bracket 31 that supports the frame bracket 33, it is not necessary to use new parts or the like.
[0025]
(4) Since the groove 111B is formed between the V-shaped banks 111C of the engine block 11 and the oil cooler 21 is housed in the groove 111B, space saving can be achieved.
[0026]
It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and modifications and improvements within a scope that can achieve the object of the present invention are included in the present invention.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, the turbine-side bearing 514 and the shaft member 515 are given as the cooling required portions of the first supercharger 51, but the cooling required portions according to the present invention are not limited to these, For example, the turbine housing 511 may be used as long as the first supercharger 51 needs to be cooled.
[0027]
In the embodiment, the cooling flow path 311 for supplying the cooling water to the first supercharger 51 is provided in the bracket 31, but the cooling flow for discharging the cooling water from the first supercharger 51 is provided. A flow path may be provided.
Further, instead of the cooling flow path 311, a lubricating flow path for guiding the lubricating oil to the first supercharger 51 or discharging the lubricating oil from the first supercharger 51 may be provided in the bracket 31. In such a case, for example, the oil cooler 21 and the supercharger lubrication flow path 512 </ b> A of the first supercharger 51 communicate with each other by the lubrication flow path in the bracket 31, or the oil pan 20 and the first supercharger 51. By communicating with the oil outlet 512B, effects similar to the effects (1) to (4) of the above-described embodiment can be achieved.
Furthermore, both the cooling flow path and the lubrication flow path may be provided in the bracket, and such a case is also included in the present invention.
[0028]
In the embodiment, the cooling liquid is supplied to the first supercharger 51 by the cooling flow path 311 provided in the bracket 31, but the cooling liquid may be supplied to the second supercharger 52, Further, the coolant may be supplied to both the first and second superchargers 51 and 52, and such a case is also included in the present invention. The same applies when a lubrication flow path is provided in the bracket.
[0029]
In the above-described embodiment, the turbocharger flow path structure according to the present invention is applied to the exhaust turbine supercharger, but may be applied to a mechanically driven supercharger.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, since the cooling flow path and the lubrication flow path are provided inside the bracket, the number of pipes for leading the coolant and the lubricating oil to the cooling required part and the lubricating required part of the supercharger are reduced accordingly. In addition, since the bracket is disposed between the engine main body and the supercharger, the piping and the flow path in the bracket can be shortened, thereby providing an effect of simplifying the piping structure.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an engine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view showing a main part in the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a first supercharger in the embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a bracket in the embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Engine 2 Engine main body 11 Engine block 31 Bracket 51 1st supercharger 111B which is a supercharger Groove part 311 which is a cooling fluid flow path Cooling flow path

Claims (2)

A supercharger flow path structure for cooling and / or lubricating the supercharger of an engine comprising an engine body having an engine block having a V-shaped bank and a supercharger. ,
A cooling fluid flow path and / or a lubricating oil flow path through which lubricating oil flows, provided in the engine body,
A cooling flow path that communicates the coolant flow path with a portion that requires cooling of the supercharger and / or a lubrication flow path that communicates the lubricating oil flow path with the lubrication required portion of the supercharger. ,
The coolant flow path is a groove formed between the banks in the engine block,
An oil cooler is stored in the groove,
A bracket is attached to the engine block in the vicinity of the supercharger to block the groove ,
A part of the cooling flow path and / or the lubricating flow path is provided in the bracket, and the groove portion and the cooling flow path are connected to each other. . In the supercharger channel structure according to claim 1,
The supercharger flow path structure, wherein the portion requiring cooling of the supercharger is a bearing portion.

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