JP4257904B2 - wheelchair - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a wheelchair, and more particularly, to a driving device that can be easily switched between a flat indoor floor surface and road surface and a step between a roadway and a sidewalk or a climbing road.

  In the conventional wheelchair, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the traveling wheels 3 are rotatably attached to the left and right bottom portions of the bag rest pipe 1B standing on the rear portion of the base pipe 1A of the main body frame 1 by the hub 3A. A slightly smaller diameter hand rim 5 is attached to the outside of the traveling wheel 3. And the footrest 7 and the small diameter front wheel 9 which can be swung freely are provided in the front left and right of the base pipe 1A. Furthermore, the seat 11 which a user sits in the center position of 1 A of base pipes, the backrest 12, and the armrests 14 and 15 are provided, and the handle 13 which a helper operates in the right-and-left upper part of the bag rest pipe 1B is provided.

  In the case of this wheelchair, a user sitting on the seat 11 performs forward / backward / direction change by rotating the hand rim 5 in the front-rear direction using both hands. When traveling by the operation of the hand rim 5 alone, a flat road or the like does not require a very strong arm strength. However, when traveling over a level difference between a roadway and a sidewalk, a climbing road, etc., a considerably strong arm force is required, and it is often impossible to travel without help from an assistant.

  In order to improve the above problems, a wheelchair has been proposed in which the hand rim can be operated and driven with a small force, and the cuffs of the user's clothes are less likely to touch the rubber tire surface of the running wheel (for example, a patent Reference 1). The configuration is such that traveling wheels are arranged on both outer sides of the main body frame, a hand rim is arranged on the outer side of the traveling wheel, the bearing of the traveling wheel has a large diameter, and the inner ring of the bearing is attached to the main body frame. It is fixed to the mounted bearing base, the bearing of the traveling wheel has a small diameter, and the bearing outer ring is fixed to the bearing base at the inner peripheral portion of the bearing inner ring of the traveling wheel, and the rotation of the hand rim The center is located above the center of rotation of the traveling wheel, and the circumference of the uppermost part of the hand rim protrudes upward from the circumference of the uppermost part of the traveling wheel, the rotation axis of the hand rim and the traveling wheel Are coupled by a reduction gear mechanism so as to rotate together.

According to the configuration of the wheelchair, since the bearing provided between the traveling wheel and the hand rim and the speed reducer are provided side by side, when the user manually operates the hand rim, a large rotational force can be obtained even with a small rotational force. It can be transmitted to the running wheels, making it easy to get over the road between the roadway and the sidewalk or uphill roads. However, the lateral width of the wheelchair is increased, and an extra space is required, which is an obstacle when the wheelchair is used. Furthermore, the traveling speed is limited to the operation of the hand rim with the reduction gear mechanism interposed, and the traveling speed of the wheelchair on a flat indoor floor or road surface is limited. Therefore, the problem that the wheelchair cannot run fast on a flat indoor floor or road surface arises.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-24067

  The present invention has been made on the basis of the above points, and the object of the present invention is to enable switching at the time of traveling over a flat floor surface and road surface, a step between a roadway and a sidewalk, a climbing road, and the like. In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a wheelchair that requires less space for this operation and that is easy to operate.

In order to achieve the above object, a wheelchair according to claim 1 of the present invention comprises:
A body frame provided with a seat;
Two small-diameter gears that are disposed at the front and rear positions of the support attached to the main body frame at both lower portions of the main body frame and are rotatably supported ;
A manual gear with an operating rod supported rotatably on both sides of the body frame;
Traveling wheels disposed on both sides of the body frame ;
A large-diameter ring gear provided on the inner peripheral side of the traveling wheel ;
A hand rim disposed on the outside of the traveling wheel and having a slightly smaller diameter than the traveling wheel ,
The ring gear is rotatably supported at three points by meshing with the two small diameter gears and the manual gear, and the traveling wheel can be driven by manually operating either the hand rim or the manual gear. it is characterized in that the the.

  The wheelchair according to claim 2 of the present invention is the wheelchair according to claim 1, wherein the small-diameter gear is attached to a support body made of an elastic material, and the support body is pushed down and fixed to the main body frame. The gear is elastically pressed against the ring gear.

  The wheelchair according to claim 3 of the present invention is the wheelchair according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ring gear is a ladder gear having a three-dimensional lattice structure.

  A wheelchair according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the wheelchair according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein an electric motor is attached to the manual gear.

That is, in the case of the wheelchair according to the present invention, the large-diameter ring-shaped gear provided on the inner peripheral side of the traveling wheel is provided with the two small-diameter gears disposed in the front-rear direction on both lower sides of the main body frame and the upper portions on both sides. Because it is supported by a manual gear, it can be driven by hand-operated hand rims placed on the outside of the running wheel when running on a flat indoor floor or road surface. Be made. Further, when traveling over a level difference between a roadway and a sidewalk or an uphill road, the manual gear is operated manually. At this time, the speed reduction action by the rotation ratio of the manual gear and the ring gear of the traveling wheel works, and a large rotational torque is applied to the traveling wheel by the rotation operation of the manual gear, and the difference between the roadway and the sidewalk with a small force It is possible to get over climbing roads. The operation only needs to be switched between grasping the hand rim or grasping the operating rod of the manual gear, and can be easily changed according to the running conditions.

  In addition, since the manual gear is arranged so as to mesh with the ring-shaped gear arranged on the inner peripheral side of the traveling wheel with respect to the traveling wheel provided with the hand rim on the outside, the space between the traveling wheel and the driving means is reduced. Can be reduced in weight.

  In addition, the support body that supports the plurality of small-diameter gears is made of an elastic material such as glass fiber or a leaf spring, and the support body is pushed down and fixed to the main body frame, and the small-diameter gear is elastically attached to the ring gear. By pressing, the small-diameter gear is always pressed against the ring-shaped gear, making it difficult to drop off, and when overcoming the bumpy part of the road surface, the impact is buffered by the elastic deformation of the support and vibration to the user Is alleviated.

  In addition, when the small gear, the manual gear, and the ring gear are engaged, the ring gear is a ladder gear having a three-dimensional lattice structure, thereby improving the rigidity of the ring gear and reducing the weight. It is done. Furthermore, it becomes difficult to disengage and further safe driving is possible.

  Furthermore, when an electric motor is attached to the manual gear, the manual gear can be actively driven in the front-rear direction by the electric motor without the manual operation of the user, and the level difference between the roadway and the sidewalk. The wheelchair can be easily traveled on a flat road as well as on a climbing road.

According to the wheelchair of the present invention, first, when switching between a flat indoor floor surface and road surface, or when traveling over a step between a roadway and a sidewalk or a climbing road, the hand rim is gripped or an operation rod of a manual gear It can be done simply by grasping. When the vehicle travels over a level difference between a roadway and a sidewalk, an uphill road, or the like, a large rotational torque is applied to the traveling wheel with a light operating force of the manual gear, and the vehicle can be overcome with a small force. In addition, the traveling wheels have no spokes or hubs, and the manual gear and the two small-diameter gears are arranged together in the traveling wheels, so the space can be reduced and the weight can be reduced. If the system is driven by an electric motor, the operation becomes easier. Therefore, it can contribute to expanding the action range of the elderly, the sick, and the physically disabled.

  Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 is a perspective view showing an appearance of a wheelchair according to the present embodiment, FIG. 2 is a right side view thereof, FIG. 3 is a rear view, FIG. 4 is a right side view showing an enlarged main part, and FIG. It is a rear view which expands and shows a part.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the wheelchair 100 of the present invention includes a seat 11 on which a user sits at the center position of a base pipe 10 </ b> A in a main body frame 10, and manual gears 59 are disposed on the left and right upper portions thereof. Two small-diameter gears 55 and 57 are disposed on the left and right bottom portions of the bag rest pipe 10B standing on the rear portion of the pipe 10A, and the traveling wheels 30 are provided by the three gears via a ring-shaped gear 60 provided on the inner peripheral side. It is attached so that it can rotate freely. A hand rim 5 having a diameter slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the traveling wheel 30 is attached to the outside of the traveling wheel 30. Further, a footrest 7 is provided on the left and right of the front portion of the base pipe 10A, and a small-diameter front wheel 9 that can swing freely is provided. Furthermore, a handle 13 operated by an assistant is provided on the upper left and right sides of the bag rest pipe 10B, and armrests 14 and 15 are provided on the upper portion of the base pipe 10A. Although not shown, the base pipe 10A and the seat 11 on both sides can be folded by a cross pipe. Of course, it can also be made into the type which is not folding.

  Next, the support structure of the traveling wheel 30 will be described with reference to FIGS. First, support bodies 51 and 51 are disposed on both side lower portions of the bag rest pipe 10B of the main body frame 10 via cylinder portions 51B, and shaft portions 51D and 51E are provided at front and rear positions of the support bodies 51 and 51, respectively. Two small-diameter gears 55 and 57 are rotatably supported. The small diameter gears 55 and 57 may be attached via the support body 51, but may be directly attached to the main body frame 10. The two small diameter gears 55 and 57 are meshed at front and rear positions on the lower side of the large diameter ring gears 60 and 60 attached to the inner peripheral side of the traveling wheel 30. The two small-diameter gears 55 and 57 are disposed at the front and rear positions of a vertical line H passing through the rotation center portion A of the traveling wheel 30. Further, a manual gear 59 is rotatably supported on a shaft portion 10D provided on the upper portion of the base pipe 10A of the main body frame 10.

  This is the meshing position of the manual gear 59 and the ring-shaped gear 60. As shown in FIG. 4, the upper part on the inclined line H1 drawn at an angle of 45 ° on the front side passing through the rotation center A of the traveling wheel 30. The center of rotation B of the manual gear 59 is defined. Further, the rotation center portion C of the small-diameter gear 57 at the rear portion of the support 51 is also disposed on the inclined line H1. In addition, the rotation center portion D of the small-diameter gear 55 at the front portion of the support 51 is disposed on an inclined line H2 orthogonal to the inclined line H1. As a result, the large-diameter ring-shaped gear 60 is meshed at the three points of the two small-diameter gears 55 and 57 and the manual gear 59 and is rotatably supported. In terms of design, the rotation center portion B of the manual gear 59 needs to be disposed within an angle range of 90 ° from the tilt line H1 to the tilt line H2, and this angle range is outside of 90 °. If the rotation center B of the manual gear 59 is disposed, the small-diameter gears 55 and 57 and the manual gear 59 are disengaged from the mesh with the ring-shaped gear 60 and are removed.

  The number of teeth N1 of the manual gear 59 and the number of teeth N2 of the large-diameter ring-shaped gear 60 are in a relationship of N1 / N2 = i, and the rotation ratio i is suitably about 1/6. The manual gear 59 is driven by an operation rod 59A attached to the outer surface of the manual gear 59 so as to be foldable. The hand gear 5 integrated with the traveling wheel 30 is manually driven or the manual gear 59 is manually driven. It can be arbitrarily selected.

  The operation will be described based on the above configuration. First, the small-diameter gears 55 and 57 provided on the front and rear positions of the support bodies 51 and 51 disposed on both sides of the main body frame 10 are connected to the large-diameter ring-shaped gear 60 provided on the inner peripheral side of the traveling wheels 30 and 30. A manual gear 59 provided on the upper portion is disposed at a substantially triangular position and is rotatably supported. Thus, when traveling on a flat indoor floor surface and road surface, the vehicle can travel at a normal speed by the hand rims 5, 5 arranged outside the traveling wheels 30, 30. Further, when traveling over a step between a roadway and a sidewalk, an uphill road, etc., if the manual gears 59, 59 are rotated by the operation rod 59A, the ring gears 60, 60 of the traveling wheels 30, 30 are decelerated at a reduced speed. It rotates, and a large rotational torque works, and it is possible to get over the level difference between the roadway and the sidewalk or the uphill road with a light operating force. That is, it is possible to select manual operation with the hand rim 5 integrated with the traveling wheels 30 or manual operation with the manual gear 59 when traveling on a flat floor or road surface and when traveling over a step or an uphill road. Can be arbitrary.

  Further, since the traveling wheels 30, 30 having the hand rim 5 on the outside are configured such that the small gears 55, 57 and the manual gear 59 are arranged in mesh with the ring-shaped gear 60 arranged on the inner peripheral side thereof. Because there are no spokes or hubs, the space can be reduced.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the following effects can be obtained. First, when switching on a flat indoor floor and road surface, or when traveling over a step between a roadway and a sidewalk or a climbing road, the hand rims 5 and 5 are operated, or manual operation gears 59 and 59 are operated. Switching operation can be performed easily and simply by selecting 59A and 59A. When the vehicle travels over a level difference between a roadway and a sidewalk, an uphill road, or the like, the vehicle can travel with a light operating force of manual gears 59 and 59 having a deceleration function. Further, the manual gear 59 and the two small-diameter gears 55 and 57 are gathered in the ring-shaped gears 60 and 60 of the traveling wheels 30 and 30, so that the space can be reduced and the weight can be reduced. In addition, if the electric type is used, the wheelchair can be easily traveled on a flat road surface as well as on a step between a roadway and a sidewalk or on a climbing road.

  Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the wheelchair 200 according to the second embodiment, the supports 51A and 51A that support the two small-diameter gears 55 and 57 are formed of an elastic material such as glass fiber, resin, and leaf spring, and the supports 51A and 51A are formed. And the small-diameter gears 55 and 57 are elastically pressed against the ring-shaped gear 60. The support bodies 51A and 51A are provided with bearings on the cylindrical portion 51B and supported by the pivot 51C, whereby the support bodies 51A and 51A are rotatable with respect to the main body frame 10, but are fixed to the main body frame 10. Also good. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted.

  According to the second embodiment, the two small-diameter gears are always pressed against the ring-shaped gear 60 by the elastic deformation action of the supports 51A and 51A, so that it is difficult to drop off. The shock is buffered, the vibration to the user is reduced, and the riding comfort is improved.

  Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the wheelchair 300 according to the third embodiment, in the second embodiment, the ring-shaped gear 60 meshed with the two small-diameter gears 55 and 57 and the manual gear 59 is replaced with a three-dimensional lattice-structured ladder gear. This is K3. Since other configurations are the same as those in the second embodiment, the same portions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  According to the third embodiment, the ring gear 60 that meshes with the two small-diameter gears 55 and 57 and the manual gear 59 is the ladder gear K3 having a three-dimensional lattice structure. The weight can be reduced and the rigidity is increased to suppress deformation. As a result, the meshing of the gears is difficult to disengage, and even safer travel is possible.

  Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the wheelchair 400 according to the fourth embodiment, electric motors M1 and M2 are attached to manual gears 59 and 59 disposed on both upper sides of the main body frame 10 in the first embodiment. In addition, operation levers SL1 and SL2 for forward / reverse rotation of the electric motors M1 and M2 are provided on both upper sides of the main body frame 10, respectively. In addition, a battery BT is provided at the bottom. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, the same portions are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted.

  According to the fourth embodiment, by attaching the motors M1 and M2 to the manual gears 59 and 59, the motors can be controlled by the operation levers SL1 and SL2 without manual operation by the user. The manual gears 59 and 59 are positively driven forward or backward. As a result, the wheelchair 400 can be easily traveled not only when traveling on a level difference between a roadway and a sidewalk or on an uphill road, but also when traveling on a flat road surface.

It is a figure which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention and is a perspective view of a wheelchair. It is a figure which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention and is a side view of a wheelchair. It is a figure which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention and is a rear view. It is a figure which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention, and is an enlarged view in a driving wheel. It is a figure which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention, and is sectional drawing in a driving wheel. It is a figure which shows the 2nd Embodiment of this invention, and is an enlarged view in a driving wheel. It is a figure which shows the 2nd Embodiment of this invention, and is sectional drawing in a driving wheel. It is a figure which shows the 3rd Embodiment of this invention, and is an enlarged view in a driving wheel. It is a figure which shows the 3rd Embodiment of this invention, and is sectional drawing in a driving wheel. It is a figure which shows the 4th Embodiment of this invention, and is a perspective view of a wheelchair. It is a figure which shows a prior art example, and is a side view of a wheelchair. It is a figure which shows a prior art example, and is a partial back view of a wheelchair.

Explanation of symbols

5 Hand rim 7 Footrest 9 Front wheel 10 Body frame 10A Base pipe 10B Bagrest pipe 10D Shaft 11 Seat 13 Handle 14, 15 Armrest 30 Traveling wheel 51, 51A Support 51B Cylindrical part 51C Pivot 51D, 51E Shaft 55, 57 Small diameter Gear 59 Manual gear 59A Operation rod 60 Ring-shaped gear 100 Wheelchair 200 Wheelchair 300 Wheelchair 400 Wheelchair A Rotation center B Rotation center C Rotation center BT Battery H1 Inclination line H2 Inclination line H Vertical line K3 Ladder gear N1 For manual Number of teeth of gear N2 Number of teeth of ring gear M1, M2 Motor SL1, SL2 Operation lever

Claims (4)

A body frame provided with a seat;
Two small-diameter gears that are disposed at the front and rear positions of the support attached to the main body frame at both lower portions of the main body frame and are rotatably supported ;
A manual gear with an operating rod supported rotatably on both sides of the body frame;
Traveling wheels disposed on both sides of the body frame ;
A large-diameter ring gear provided on the inner peripheral side of the traveling wheel ;
A hand rim disposed on the outside of the traveling wheel and having a slightly smaller diameter than the traveling wheel ,
The ring gear is rotatably supported at three points by meshing with the two small diameter gears and the manual gear, and the traveling wheel can be driven by manually operating either the hand rim or the manual gear. wheelchair, characterized in that the the.   2. The small-diameter gear is attached to a support made of an elastic material, and the support is pushed down and fixed to a main body frame to elastically press the small-diameter gear against a ring gear. The listed wheelchair.   The wheelchair according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ring gear is a ladder gear having a three-dimensional lattice structure.   The wheelchair according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an electric motor is attached to the manual gear.

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