JP4256822B2 - Seismic isolation method for existing buildings - Google Patents

Seismic isolation method for existing buildings Download PDF

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JP4256822B2
JP4256822B2 JP2004201555A JP2004201555A JP4256822B2 JP 4256822 B2 JP4256822 B2 JP 4256822B2 JP 2004201555 A JP2004201555 A JP 2004201555A JP 2004201555 A JP2004201555 A JP 2004201555A JP 4256822 B2 JP4256822 B2 JP 4256822B2
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seismic isolation
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building
upper structure
construction
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JP2006022556A (en
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久義 石橋
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Kumagai Gumi Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は、既存の建造物を免震化する免震化工法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a seismic isolation method for isolating existing buildings.

近年、既存の建造物を免震化して「免震建造物」に改造し、対震安全性を向上させる「レトロフィット免震」が数多く実施されている。
従来の既存の建造物を免震化する工法は、大別して（１）基礎免震化工法と、（２）柱間免震化工法の２つに分類される。
基礎免震化工法は、図１２に示すように、既存の建造物１０の基礎杭１４の下部を掘削し、図示しない既存の杭や仮支柱で上記建造物１０の上部構造物１０Ａを支持した状態で免震用の地下ピット５０を構築し、上部構造物１０Ａをジャッキ等で支持しながら上記地下ピット５０と上記上部構造物１０Ａとの間に免震装置３０を介挿させ、その後、上記既存の杭や仮支柱を撤去して上記上部構造物１０Ａを上記免震装置３０上に載せて上記建造物１０を免震化する（例えば、特許文献１，２参照）。
また、柱間免震化工法は、図１３に示すように、建造物１０のある施工階（ここでは、１階）１１において、上部構造物１０Ａの重量を仮支柱で支えた後、全部の柱を切断して上記建造物１０を上下に分離した後、切断した柱のうち所定の柱１１ａ〜１１ｄを補強し、この補強された各柱１１ａ〜１１ｄの中間にそれぞれ免震装置３０ａ〜３０ｄを挿入し、その後、上記仮支柱を撤去して上記上部構造物１０Ａの重量を上記免震装置３０ａ〜３０ｄで受けて上記建造物１０を免震化する（例えば、特許文献３参照）。
特開平８−２８４１７７号公報 特開平９−２５６６４４号公報 特開平１０−２９２６３７号公報 In recent years, many “retrofit seismic isolations” have been implemented in which existing structures are seismically isolated and remodeled into “seismic isolation structures” to improve seismic safety.
The conventional methods for seismic isolation of existing buildings are roughly classified into two types: (1) basic seismic isolation method and (2) inter-column seismic isolation method.
As shown in FIG. 12, the base seismic isolation method excavated the lower part of the foundation pile 14 of the existing building 10, and supported the upper structure 10A of the said building 10 with the existing pile and temporary support | pillar which are not shown in figure. The seismic isolation underground pit 50 is constructed in the state, and the seismic isolation device 30 is inserted between the underground pit 50 and the upper structure 10A while supporting the upper structure 10A with a jack or the like. Existing piles and temporary struts are removed and the upper structure 10A is placed on the seismic isolation device 30 to make the building 10 seismic isolation (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).
Further, as shown in FIG. 13, the inter-column seismic isolation method is performed on the construction floor (here, the first floor) 11 where the building 10 is located, after supporting the weight of the upper structure 10 </ b> A with a temporary support. After the pillar is cut and the building 10 is vertically separated, predetermined pillars 11a to 11d among the cut pillars are reinforced, and the seismic isolation devices 30a to 30d are provided between the reinforced pillars 11a to 11d, respectively. Then, the temporary strut is removed, and the weight of the upper structure 10A is received by the seismic isolation devices 30a to 30d to make the building 10 seismic isolation (for example, see Patent Document 3).
JP-A-8-284177 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-256644 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-292637

ところで、上記基礎免震化工法では、免震装置３０が上部構造物１０Ａの重量を上部構造物１０Ａの床面全体を介して受ける構造であるため、安定した免震効果を得ることができるだけでなく、上部構造物１０Ａを改築することなく免震化できるという利点を有するが、施工が地下工事を主にしたものとなるため、作業性が悪く、更には、工事費が高くなってしまうといった問題点があった。
一方、柱間免震化工法は、地下工事が不要であり、作業性もよいが、施工階の柱１１ａ〜１１ｄを太く補強する必要があることや、地震時には、施工階の上下において大きな水平方向の相対変位を生じるため、変位を許容する特殊な仕上げを必要とすることなどから、上記免震装置３０ａ〜３０ｄを設置した階（施工階）１１は居室としては使用できず、駐車場や倉庫などに用途を変更せざるを得ないといった問題点があった。 By the way, in the said basic seismic isolation method, since the seismic isolation apparatus 30 is a structure which receives the weight of 10 A of upper structures through the whole floor surface of 10 A of upper structures, it can only obtain the stable seismic isolation effect. However, it has the advantage that it can be seismically isolated without remodeling the upper structure 10A. However, since the construction is mainly underground work, workability is poor, and furthermore, the construction cost becomes high. There was a problem.
On the other hand, the seismic isolation method between pillars does not require underground work and has good workability. However, it is necessary to reinforce the pillars 11a to 11d on the construction floor thickly, and in the event of an earthquake, a large horizontal level is formed above and below the construction floor. The floor (construction floor) 11 on which the seismic isolation devices 30a to 30d are installed cannot be used as a living room because it causes a relative displacement in the direction and requires special finishing to allow the displacement. There was a problem that the usage had to be changed in a warehouse.

本発明は、従来の問題点に鑑みてなされたもので、作業性が悪い地下工事を必要とせず、かつ、工事前と同等の居住空間を確保することのできる免震化工法を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the conventional problems, and provides a seismic isolation method that does not require underground work with poor workability and can secure a living space equivalent to that before the work. With the goal.

本願の請求項１に記載の発明は、既存の建造物を上下に分離した後、上記建造物の上部構造物を持ち上げて、上記建造物の上部構造物と下部構造物との間に免震用のスペースを確保し、この免震用のスペースに免震装置を設置する既存建造物の免震化工法において、既存の建造物の免震化する階に仮支柱を設置し、上部構造物の重量を支えながら当該階の柱を全部切断して上記建造物を上下に分離した後、上記上部構造物を持ち上げて上記上部構造物の柱下部に新たな床を構築し、その後、上記新たな床と下部構造物との間に免震装置を設置してから、上記上部構造物を上記免震装置上に載せ、上記建造物を免震化するようにしたものである。 The invention according to a first aspect of the present invention, after separating the buildings existing vertically, lift the upper structure of the building, exemption between the upper structure and the lower structure of the building to make room for seismic in seismic sinker method existing buildings you install the isolator in the space for the seismic isolation, the temporary struts installed in floors of seismic sinker existing buildings, While supporting the weight of the superstructure, cut all the pillars of the floor to separate the building up and down, then lift the superstructure and build a new floor below the pillars of the superstructure, After the seismic isolation device is installed between the new floor and the lower structure, the upper structure is placed on the seismic isolation device to make the building seismic isolation .

本発明によれば、既存の建造物に免震装置を追加して上記建造物を免震化する際に、上記建造物を上下に分離した後、上部構造物を持ち上げて、上記建造物の上部構造物と下部構造物との間に免震用のスペースを確保し、この免震用のスペースに免震装置を設置する既存建造物の免震化工法において、既存の建造物の免震化する階に仮支柱を設置し、上部構造物の重量を支えながら当該階の柱を全部切断して上記建造物を上下に分離し、上記上部構造物を持ち上げて上記上部構造物の柱下部に新たな床を構築し、その後、上記床と下部構造物との間に免震装置を設置してから、上記上部構造物を上記免震装置上に載せ、上記建造物を免震化するようにしたので、作業性が悪い地下工事を必要とせず、かつ、工事前と同等の居住空間を確保することができる。したがって、既存の建造物を容易にかつ確実に免震化することができる。 According to the present invention, when a seismic isolation device is added to an existing building to make the building seismic isolation, after separating the building up and down, the upper structure is lifted, and the building In the seismic isolation method for existing buildings, a seismic isolation space is secured between the upper structure and the lower structure, and seismic isolation devices are installed in this seismic isolation space. Temporary struts are installed on the floor to be converted, and the pillars of the floor are completely cut while supporting the weight of the upper structure to separate the building up and down, and the upper structure is lifted to lower the pillar of the upper structure. building a new floor, MenShinka then, after installing the seismic isolation device between the floor and the lower structure, the superstructure was placing on the seismic isolation device, the building since the way, without the need for a bad underground construction workability, and, to ensure the equivalent of living space and before construction work Door can be. Therefore, the existing building can be easily and reliably subjected to seismic isolation.

以下、本発明の最良の形態について説明する。
最良の形態１．
図１は、本発明の最良の形態１に係る既存建造物の免震化工法を示す模式図で、既存の建造物１０の免震化する階（以下、施工階という）１１で上記建造物１０を上下に分離した後、上部構造物１０Ａを持ち上げて上記施工階１１の柱１１ａ〜１１ｄの下部に新たな床２０を構築し、その後、上記床２０と下部構造物１０Ｂとの間に免震装置３０を設置して、この免震装置３０上に上記上部構造物１０Ａを載せるようにすることにより、施工階１１の居住空間を確保しつつ既存の建造物１０を免震化することができる。なお、上記免震装置３０としては、ゴム部材と鋼板を積層して成る積層ゴムや、積層ゴムとすべり支承を組合わせたものなど、周知の免震装置を用いることができる。
次に、本発明の免震化工法について、施工手順に従って詳細に説明する。
まず、図２に示すように、既存の建造物１０の施工階（ここでは１階）１１に、上部構造物１０Ａの重量を支える仮支柱１２を設置する。具体的には、施工階１１に設けられた柱のうちの、所定の柱１１ａ〜１１ｄの周りをコンクリート打設して補強部１３を構築し、この補強部１３と下部構造物１０Ｂである基礎杭１４の杭頭に設けられたフーチング１５との間に上記仮支柱１２を構築する。
次に、図３に示すように、施工階１１の柱を全数切断して、上部構造物１０Ａと下部構造物１０Ｂとを分離した後、図４に示すように、フーチング１５と施工階１１の天井である上部構造物１０Ａの床１６との間に仮受け用ジャッキ１７を介挿して上記上部構造物１０Ａを上記ジャッキ１７で支持して上記仮支柱１２と補強部１３とを撤去し、上記仮受け用ジャッキ１７により上記上部構造物１０Ａを所定距離だけ持ち上げて保持する。
そして、図５に示すように、上記上部構造物１０Ａの切断された柱の下部に新たな床２０を構築する。このとき、切断して短くなった柱を補強して切断前の長さと同じ長さになるようにしてから上記新たな床２０を構築するようにすれば、施工階１１のほぼ同一の居住空間を確保できる。
その後、図６に示すように、この新たな床２０と上記フーチング１５との間、すなわち、上部構造物１０Ａと下部構造物１０Ｂとの間に免震装置３０を介挿し、最後に、図７に示すように、上部構造物１０Ａをジャッキダウンして上記仮受け用ジャッキ１７を取外し、上部構造物１０Ａの荷重を開放して、上記免震装置３０に上記上部構造物１０Ａの重量を預けるようにすれば、既存の建造物１０を容易に免震化することができるとともに、施工階１１の居住空間を確保することができる。 Hereinafter, the best mode of the present invention will be described.
Best Mode
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a seismic isolation method for an existing building according to the best mode 1 of the present invention. The existing building 10 has a floor (hereinafter referred to as a construction floor) 11 on which the seismic isolation is performed. 10 is separated into upper and lower parts, and the upper structure 10A is lifted to construct a new floor 20 below the pillars 11a to 11d of the construction floor 11, and thereafter, an exemption is provided between the floor 20 and the lower structure 10B. By installing the seismic device 30 and placing the upper structure 10A on the seismic isolation device 30, the existing building 10 can be seismically isolated while securing the living space of the construction floor 11. it can. The seismic isolation device 30 may be a known seismic isolation device such as a laminated rubber formed by laminating a rubber member and a steel plate, or a combination of laminated rubber and a sliding bearing.
Next, the seismic isolation method of the present invention will be described in detail according to the construction procedure.
First, as shown in FIG. 2, temporary struts 12 that support the weight of the upper structure 10 </ b> A are installed on a construction floor (here, the first floor) 11 of the existing building 10. Specifically, of the pillars provided on the construction floor 11, concrete is placed around the predetermined pillars 11a to 11d to construct the reinforcing part 13, and the foundation that is the reinforcing part 13 and the lower structure 10B. The temporary strut 12 is constructed between the footing 15 provided on the pile head of the pile 14.
Next, as shown in FIG. 3, after cutting all the pillars of the construction floor 11 to separate the upper structure 10A and the lower structure 10B, the footing 15 and the construction floor 11 are separated as shown in FIG. The temporary support jack 17 is interposed between the ceiling 16 and the floor 16 of the upper structure 10A so that the upper structure 10A is supported by the jack 17 and the temporary support 12 and the reinforcing portion 13 are removed. The upper structure 10A is lifted and held by a predetermined distance by the temporary receiving jack 17.
And as shown in FIG. 5, the new floor 20 is constructed | assembled under the pillar which the said upper structure 10A cut | disconnected. At this time, if the new floor 20 is constructed after reinforcing the pillars that have been cut and shortened to the same length as before the cutting, almost the same living space on the construction floor 11 Can be secured.
Then, as shown in FIG. 6, the seismic isolation device 30 is inserted between the new floor 20 and the footing 15, that is, between the upper structure 10A and the lower structure 10B. Finally, FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the upper structure 10A is jacked down, the temporary receiving jack 17 is removed, the load on the upper structure 10A is released, and the weight of the upper structure 10A is stored in the seismic isolation device 30. By doing so, the existing building 10 can be easily seismically isolated and the living space of the construction floor 11 can be secured.

このように、本最良の形態１によれば、既存の建造物１０の免震化する階１１で上記建造物１０を上部構造物１０Ａと下部構造物１０Ｂとに分離した後、上記上部構造物１０Ａを持ち上げて上記施工階１１の柱１１ａ〜１１ｄの下部に新たな床２０を構築した後、上記床２０と下部構造物１０Ｂとの間に免震装置３０を設置し、この免震装置３０上に上記上部構造物１０Ａを載せて上記建造物１０を免震化するようにしたので、地下ピットの工事を行うことなく、既存の建造物１０を免震化することができる。また、施工階１１の居住空間を犠牲にすることなく、既存の建造物１０を免震化できるので、工事前と同じ住居数を確保することができる。
また、免震装置３０が地上に配置されるので、点検が容易であるとともに、水害等による水没の心配がないだけでなく、万が一の場合、免震装置３０の交換も容易である。 Thus, according to the best mode 1, after the building 10 is separated into the upper structure 10A and the lower structure 10B on the floor 11 where the existing building 10 is to be seismically isolated, the upper structure is separated. After 10A is lifted and a new floor 20 is constructed below the pillars 11a to 11d of the construction floor 11, a seismic isolation device 30 is installed between the floor 20 and the lower structure 10B. Since the upper structure 10A is placed on the building 10 so as to make the building 10 seismic isolation, the existing building 10 can be made seismic isolation without the construction of an underground pit. Moreover, since the existing building 10 can be seismically isolated without sacrificing the living space of the construction floor 11, the same number of residences as before construction can be secured.
In addition, since the seismic isolation device 30 is disposed on the ground, the inspection is easy and there is no fear of submergence due to water damage or the like, and in the unlikely event, the seismic isolation device 30 can be easily replaced.

なお、上記最良の形態１では、上部構造物１０Ａの切断された柱の下部に新たな床２０を構築した後、この新たな床２０とフーチング１５との間に免震装置３０を介挿させるようにしたが、先にフーチング１５上に免震装置３０を設置し、その後に新たな床２０を構築し、上記新たな床２０により居住空間が確保された施工階１１を含む上部構造物１０Ａを上記免震装置３０上に降ろして載せるようにしてもよい。   In the best mode 1, after a new floor 20 is constructed under the cut pillar of the upper structure 10A, the seismic isolation device 30 is inserted between the new floor 20 and the footing 15. However, the upper structure 10A including the construction floor 11 in which the seismic isolation device 30 is first installed on the footing 15 and then a new floor 20 is constructed, and the living space is secured by the new floor 20. May be lowered and placed on the seismic isolation device 30.

最良の形態２．
図８〜図１１は、本発明の最良の形態２に係る既存建造物の免震化工法の施工手順を示す模式図で、図８に示す、既存の建造物１０を上下に分離した後、上部構造物１０Ａを持ち上げる工程までは、上記最良の形態１と同様である。
本例では、図９に示すように、上部構造物１０Ａを仮受け用ジャッキ１７にて持ち上げた後、フーチング１５上に免震装置３０を設置する。そして、図１０に示すように、各免震装置３０の上にそれぞれ第２のフーチング１８を構築するとともに、この第２のフーチング１８と上部構造物１０Ａの切断された柱の下部とを連結部材１９にて連結する。これにより、上部構造物１０Ａは、上記連結部材１９及び免震装置３０を介して、下部構造物１０Ｂのフーチング１５上に支持されるので、仮受け用ジャッキ１７を取外して上記上部構造物１０Ａの荷重を開放し、上記免震装置３０に上記上部構造物１０Ａの重量を預けるようにすれば、既存の建造物１０を免震化することができる。なお、上記連結部材１９の長さは、切断して短くなった柱を切断前の長さと同じ長さにすれば、施工階１１のほぼ同一の居住空間を確保できる。
最後に、図１１に示すように、上記第２のフーチング１８を利用して、上記上部構造物１０Ａの下部に床構造２１を追加することにより、施工階１１の居住空間を確保する。 Best Mode 2
FIGS. 8-11 is a schematic diagram which shows the construction procedure of the seismic isolation method of the existing building which concerns on the best form 2 of this invention, After separating the existing building 10 shown in FIG. 8 up and down, The process up to the step of lifting the upper structure 10A is the same as the best mode 1 described above.
In this example, as shown in FIG. 9, the seismic isolation device 30 is installed on the footing 15 after the upper structure 10 </ b> A is lifted by the temporary receiving jack 17. And as shown in FIG. 10, while constructing the 2nd footing 18 on each seismic isolation device 30, respectively, this 2nd footing 18 and the lower part of the pillar where the upper structure 10A was cut | disconnected are connected members. Connect at 19. Thus, the upper structure 10A is supported on the footing 15 of the lower structure 10B via the connecting member 19 and the seismic isolation device 30, so that the temporary receiving jack 17 is removed and the upper structure 10A is removed. If the load is released and the weight of the upper structure 10 </ b> A is deposited in the seismic isolation device 30, the existing building 10 can be seismically isolated. In addition, if the length of the said connection member 19 is made into the length same as the length before cutting | disconnection for the pillar shortened by cut | disconnecting, the substantially same living space of the construction floor 11 can be ensured.
Finally, as shown in FIG. 11, by using the second footing 18, the floor structure 21 is added to the lower part of the upper structure 10 </ b> A, thereby securing the living space of the construction floor 11.

以上説明したように、本発明による既存建造物の免震化工法を用いることにより、作業性が悪い地下工事を必要とせず、かつ、工事前と同等の居住空間を確保することができるので、既存の建造物を安価にかつ確実に免震化することができる。   As explained above, by using the seismic isolation method of the existing building according to the present invention, it is possible to secure a living space equivalent to that before the construction without requiring underground work with poor workability. Existing structures can be seismically isolated at low cost.

本発明の最良の形態１に係る既存建造物の免震化工法を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the seismic isolation construction method of the existing building which concerns on the best form 1 of this invention. 本最良の形態１に係る免震化工法の施工手順を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the construction procedure of the seismic isolation construction method which concerns on this best form 1. FIG. 本最良の形態１に係る免震化工法の施工手順を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the construction procedure of the seismic isolation construction method which concerns on this best form 1. FIG. 本最良の形態１に係る免震化工法の施工手順を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the construction procedure of the seismic isolation construction method which concerns on this best form 1. FIG. 本最良の形態１に係る免震化工法の施工手順を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the construction procedure of the seismic isolation construction method which concerns on this best form 1. FIG. 本最良の形態１に係る免震化工法の施工手順を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the construction procedure of the seismic isolation construction method which concerns on this best form 1. FIG. 本最良の形態１に係る免震化工法の施工手順を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the construction procedure of the seismic isolation construction method which concerns on this best form 1. FIG. 本最良の形態２に係る免震化工法の施工手順を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the construction procedure of the seismic isolation method which concerns on this best form 2. FIG. 本最良の形態２に係る免震化工法の施工手順を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the construction procedure of the seismic isolation method which concerns on this best form 2. FIG. 本最良の形態２に係る免震化工法の施工手順を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the construction procedure of the seismic isolation method which concerns on this best form 2. FIG. 本最良の形態２に係る免震化工法の施工手順を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the construction procedure of the seismic isolation method which concerns on this best form 2. FIG. 従来の基礎免震化工法の概要を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the outline | summary of the conventional basic seismic isolation method. 従来の柱間免震化工法の概要を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the outline | summary of the conventional seismic isolation method between pillars.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１０ 既存の建造物、１０Ａ 上部構造物、１０Ｂ 下部構造物、１１ 施工階、
１１ａ〜１１ｄ 施工階の柱、１２ 仮支柱、１３ 補強部、１４ 基礎杭、
１５ フーチング、１６ 上部構造物の床、１７ 仮受け用ジャッキ、
２０ 新たな床、３０ 免震装置。 10 existing building, 10A superstructure, 10B substructure, 11 construction floor,
11a to 11d Construction floor pillars, 12 temporary struts, 13 reinforcements, 14 foundation piles,
15 Footing, 16 Superstructure floor, 17 Temporary jack,
20 new floors, 30 seismic isolation devices.

Claims (1)

既存の建造物を上下に分離した後、上記建造物の上部構造物を持ち上げて、上記建造物の上部構造物と下部構造物との間に免震用のスペースを確保し、この免震用のスペースに免震装置を設置する既存建造物の免震化工法において、既存の建造物の免震化する階に仮支柱を設置し、上部構造物の重量を支えながら当該階の柱を全部切断して上記建造物を上下に分離した後、上記上部構造物を持ち上げて上記上部構造物の柱下部に新たな床を構築し、その後、上記新たな床と下部構造物との間に免震装置を設置してから、上記上部構造物を上記免震装置上に載せ、上記建造物を免震化するようにしたことを特徴とする既存建造物の免震化工法。 After separating the existing building up and down, the upper structure of the building is lifted to secure a space for seismic isolation between the upper structure and the lower structure of the building. In the seismic isolation method for existing buildings where seismic isolation devices are installed in the existing space, temporary pillars are installed on the existing building's seismic isolation floor, and all the pillars on that floor are supported while supporting the weight of the superstructure. after cutting and separating the said building vertically, immune between the upper structure and lifting to build a new floor pillar lower portion of the upper structure, then, the new floor and the lower structure after installing the Isolation system, placed the superstructure on said isolator, seismic sinkers method of existing buildings you characterized in that the building so as to seismic sinkers.
JP2004201555A 2004-07-08 2004-07-08 Seismic isolation method for existing buildings Expired - Fee Related JP4256822B2 (en)

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