JP4248263B2 - Non-woven fabric for nubuck-like artificial leather and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Non-woven fabric for nubuck-like artificial leather and method for producing the same Download PDF

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JP4248263B2
JP4248263B2 JP2003020989A JP2003020989A JP4248263B2 JP 4248263 B2 JP4248263 B2 JP 4248263B2 JP 2003020989 A JP2003020989 A JP 2003020989A JP 2003020989 A JP2003020989 A JP 2003020989A JP 4248263 B2 JP4248263 B2 JP 4248263B2
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nonwoven fabric
artificial leather
nubuck
fabric
fibers
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JP2004232126A5 (en
JP2004232126A (en
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佳弘 佐古
勝隆 伊藤
康宏 秋吉
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Mitsubishi Chemical Corp
Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd
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Mitsubishi Chemical Corp
Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd
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【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、熱収縮性の超極細繊維を用いたヌバック調人工皮革用不織布及びかかる不織布を用いたヌバック調人工皮革並びにそれらの製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
人工皮革は天然皮革の形態を模倣した構造物であり、極細繊維からなる交絡不織布と含浸ないし付着せしめた高分子弾性体とから構成されている。極細繊維にはポリエステル、ポリアミド、ポリアクリロニトリル繊維などが用いられており、交絡不織布は、ニードルパンチ法や高圧噴射水流処理法、エアレイド法などによって製造される。また、交絡不織布への高分子弾性体の含浸には、溶剤溶解型、あるいは水分散型のポリウレタン(弾性体)を含浸させた後、凝固、または乾燥固化させる方法が一般に用いられている。
そして、人工皮革は、繊維素材及びその交絡体である不織布の構造、含浸する高分子弾性体の種類、含浸量、含浸状態などの違いにより、発色性、風合い、ドレープ性、耐摩耗性などの物性が大きく異なったものとなる。
【0003】
ニードルパンチ法で製造された繊度1〜5dtexの繊維からなる不織布の緻密性は高くならない。また、海島型繊維を溶解分割処理すると、繊度が0.01〜0.05dtex程度の極細の分割繊維が発現するが、これらは繊維束を形成しているものである。したがって、その起毛面は繊度0.01〜0.05dtexから構成されているにも関わらず、形成された3次元交絡不織布は、密度が低く、表面の均質性が劣り、仕上がった人工皮革表面の表情は“あらあらしい表情”あるいは“ワイルド”であると表現されている。また、ニードルパンチ法による不織布を用いた場合、不織布の密度が低く、その空隙にポリウレタンを30%以上含浸して緻密性を向上させて人工皮革としての性能を発現させている。このように、従来の人工皮革は高分子弾性体(ポリウレタン)を大量に含浸しないと優れた風合いが発現しない。また、近年、人工皮革に付着したポリウレタン(弾性体)に関係する耐久性、脆化現象、あるいは変質がクレームとなるトラブルが多発して問題となっている。
【0004】
一方、高圧噴射水流処理法により繊度0.1〜0.3dtexの極細繊維と織物または編物からなる3次元交絡不織布は、極細繊維の繊維束から形成されたニードルパンチ、海島分割型の3次元交絡不織布とは全く異なり、繊度0.1〜0.3dtexの極細繊維が起毛面に均質に配置、分散された不織布を形成することが可能である。これらの人工皮革表面の表情は“落ち着いた表情”とか“エレガント”と表現され、不織布に緻密性があるため、ポリウレタンを含浸しなくても、スエード調の人工皮革の風合いを発現する。さらに、少量のポリウレタンを含浸すると、柔軟性、ドレープ性、発色性、軽量性が向上した人工皮革が得られ、ポリウレタンの含浸量も少ないので、ポリウレタンに関係する変質等のトラブルも少ない。
このように、高圧噴射水流処理法による3次元交絡不織布は、ニードルパンチ法あるいは溶解分割処理により形成された極細繊維束交絡不織布にはない緻密感を備えている。また、極細繊維は分繊、分散した状態で交絡されるので、さらに細繊度化すれば、繊維の剛性低下、構成本数の増加に伴って、交絡点の数を飛躍的に増加することが期待される。
【0005】
人工皮革には、スムース革(銀面革、ガラス張革)と起毛革(スエード、ヌバック、ベロア、バックスキン)があり、これらの中でヌバック調人工皮革は、銀面をバフして毛羽立てた革で、毛羽が短くビロード状であり、スエードよりも緻密な起毛をもった革である。
従来、毛足の長い立毛を有するスエード調の人工皮革および毛足の短い立毛を有するヌバック調の人工皮革について、様々な提案がなされ多彩な商品が開発されてきた。近年、その中でもスエード調のものより高級のものとされるヌバック調人工皮革が求められるようになり、極細繊維を用いた立毛を有する以下の如き提案がなされている。
【0006】
極細繊維からなる立毛を有する布帛に樹脂を付与し、次いで起毛面をカレンダーロールでプレスすることによって立毛を毛羽伏にして密着させた後、起毛面をバフイングする方法(例えば、特許文献1参照)。単繊度0.3dtex以下の極細繊維からなる交絡不織布に弾性重合体を塗布し、必要によりエンボシングし、バフイングを行った後、10%以上面積収縮せしめて立毛部と銀面との混在した表面とする方法(例えば、特許文献2参照)。複合繊維からなる不織布の表層のみを極細繊維化し、次いでその不織布に弾性樹脂を含浸、凝固した後、不織布内部の繊維を溶剤等で溶解抽出処理し、その最表面を起毛する方法(例えば、特許文献3参照)。
【0007】
また、繊維集合体に弾性重合体を主体とした重合体を含有せしめて繊維質シートとなし、該表面に非繊維状で平均粒径10μ以下、かつ、見かけ密度0.1〜0.3g/cm3 のコラーゲン粉末とポリウレタンを主体とした重合体との組成液を塗布し、エンボス加工し、次いで塗布面を起毛処理する方法(例えば、特許文献4参照)。さらに、極細繊維および/または極細繊維束からなる絡合不織布と、その絡合空間に存在する弾性重合体の緻密な発泡体とからなる表面平滑な繊維質基体層の表面に、極細繊維と連続する極細立毛を形成した後、その立毛面に弾性重合体を主体とした樹脂を塗布し、その立毛と混在一体化した多孔質層を形成し、さらに起毛処理することにより極細立毛をシート表面に露出させる方法(例えば、特許文献5参照)。
【0008】
【特許文献1】
特公昭62−42076号公報
【特許文献2】
特開昭63−50580公報
【特許文献3】
特開平3−161576号公報
【特許文献4】
特開平4−136280号公報
【特許文献5】
特開平7−133592号公報
【特許文献6】
特開平3−206114号公報)
【0009】
上記従来のヌバック調人工皮革は、分割可能の複合繊維で形成された繊維交絡不織布を溶解分割処理した繊維束の交絡体表面に高分子弾性体を大量に含浸して表面を緻密化したものであるか、あるいは長毛を短毛化処理することによって得たものである。従って、用いている3次元交絡不織布は従来のスエード調人工皮革に用いている不織布と何ら変わりはなく、高分子弾性体を表面に付着してない3次元交絡不織布の状態で短毛を発現させて、緻密感を再現したヌバック調の人工皮革ではない。また、アクリル繊維を用いたヌバック調人工皮革は製品として応用されていない。
【0010】
ヌバック調人工皮革を開発するためには、スエード調人工皮革より短毛で、交絡度が高く、緻密性の高い3次元交絡不織布とする必要がる。これらの繊維交絡の強化は用いる極細繊維の細繊度化品(超極細繊維)の使用で達成可能であるが、以下の理由から実現されていない。
一般的に、0.1dtex以下の超極細繊維は直接紡糸が困難であるため、繊度1〜5dtexの溶解分割型の海島複合繊維から製造されているが、繊維束の形態をとっている。超極細繊維への分割は不織布形成後に分割する手法が用いられ、これらの溶解分割処理した高圧噴射水流処理法に用いることができる0.05dtexの超極細繊維は生産されていない。
【0011】
直接紡糸で製造される超極細繊維で工業的に製造されているのは繊度0.1dtex程度である。また、高圧噴射水流処理法により交絡不織布に用いられる超極細繊維は、均一な分繊、分散、分割が可能なものではじめて製造されるものであり、容易に分繊、分散ができない極細繊維の繊維束からなるものでは製造不可能である。すなわち、従来高圧噴射水流処理法に用いることができる繊維束の形態をもたない交絡性の強い分繊した0.1dtex以下の超極細繊維は実質的には世の中に存在していなかった。現在、繊度0.1dtexアクリル繊維を用いたスエード調の人工皮革の製品は提供されているが、繊度0.1dtex以下のアクリル繊維からなる人工皮革が製品として供給されていないのは、繊度0.1dtex以下のアクリル繊維の工業的製造が難しかったためである。しかし、本出願人は、先に、質量平均分子量が100万以上のアクリロニトリル系重合体からなる繊度0.005dtexの超極細繊維を提案し、その工業的生産が可能となった(例えば、特許文献6参照)。
【0012】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、上記超極細繊維を用いて、従来のスエード調あるいはヌバック調人工皮革に対比して、緻密感があり、起毛が短く、ヌバック調の風合いがさらに向上した人工皮革用不織布及びかかる不織布からなるヌバック調の人工皮革を開発することにある。
【0013】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記課題に関し鋭意研究を進めた結果、超極細繊維で構成された交絡不織布の交絡点数のアップ、緻密化により、緻密性、毛羽の短さを実現したヌバック調の人工皮革用不織布の開発に成功し、さらに、高分子弾性体を補助的に少量付着させたのみで、かかる特性がさらに向上した新しいタイプのヌバック調人工皮革の開発に成功した。
【0014】
すなわち、本発明は、直接紡糸で製造された、繊度0.2dtex以下の熱収縮性の超極細繊維と、熱収縮性の織物又は編物とを、3次元交絡した後、熱収縮させた不織布であって、目付100〜500g/m2 、及び密度0.3〜0.6g/cm3 であり、かつ、不織布表面に緻密な短毛を有することを特徴とするヌバック調人工皮革用不織布を提供するものである。
また本発明は、熱収縮性の超極細繊維と熱収縮性の織物又は編物を高圧噴射水流処理法により3次元交絡した不織布を形成し、次いで、該不織布を熱収縮して緻密化処理した後、交絡した不織布表面を液流処理により起毛させることを特徴とするヌバック調人工皮革用不織布の製造方法を提供するものである。
さらに本発明は、上記ヌバック調人工皮革用不織布を用いたヌバック調人工皮革を提供するものである。
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
【0015】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明のヌバック調人工皮革用不織布を構成する超極細繊維は特に限定されないがアクリロニトリルを50質量%以上含有するアクリロニトリル系共重合体からなる繊維が好ましい。アクリロニトリル系共重合体に共重合可能な他のビニル系単量体としては、メチル(メタ)アクリレート、エチル(メタ)アクリレート、プロピル(メタ)アクリレート、ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、ヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート等の(メタ)アクリル酸エステル類、塩化ビニル、臭化ビニル、塩化ビニリデン等のハロゲンの塩類、マレイン酸イミド、フェニルマレイミド、(メタ)アクリルアミド、スチレン、α−メチルスルフォン、酢酸ビニル等が挙げられる。これらの中で紡糸性向上の点から、アクリル酸メチル、酢酸ビニルが好ましい。
【0016】
そして、アクリロニトリル系共重合体の比粘度は、紡糸延伸性が確保できる0.05〜0.5の範囲にあることが必要であり、さらに好ましくは0.1〜0.25の範囲のものである。
また、超極細繊維の繊度は0.2dtex以下である。かかる超極細繊維を用いることによって、不織布表面繊維が短毛であり、緻密感のある密度0.3〜0.6g/cm3 [密度(g/cm3 )=目付(g/m2 )/布厚(mm)×1/1000]の不織布が形成される。
一般的に繊度1.0dtex以下の超極細繊維は、カードウエッブの作製が困難であり、ニードルパンチによる不織布の作製は困難であるが、本発明は、繊度1.0dtex以下の超極細繊維を湿式抄紙によりウエッブシートに調製した後、高圧噴射水流処理法を適用することにより3次元交絡不織布を形成するものである。かかる方法により、超極細繊維からなる、交絡点が多く、緻密で風合いの良好な3次元交絡不織布が得られる。
【0017】
また、本発明は、特定の温度雰囲域で自発収縮する熱収縮性の樹脂を素材とする超極細繊維、織物及び編物を用いる。熱収縮性の樹脂を用いたことにより、湿式抄紙ウエッブシートを高圧噴射水流処理法により得られる3次元交絡不織布が特定の温度雰囲域で自発収縮して緻密性がさらに向上したものとなる。この温度雰囲域は乾熱で60〜140℃であり、また湿熱で60〜100℃であり、さらに、加熱飽和蒸気下では100〜140℃である。かかる温度雰囲域において、超極細繊維、織物あるいは編物が熱収縮を受けて3次元交絡不織布の緻密化が促進する。
本発明の不織布の目付は100〜500g/m2 である。目付が100g/m2 以下では人工皮革の適用用途に必要な物性を得ることが困難である。他方、目付が500g/m2 以上では人工皮革の特長である軽量性が失われる。
【0018】
本発明に用いる織物及び編物は、交絡した繊維を保持できるものであれば限定されないが、ポリエステル繊維からなる熱収縮性の編物を用いることが好ましい。織物又は編物への超極細繊維の交絡方法は、高圧水流を用いた高圧噴射水流処理法が好ましい。本発明の不織布は、その内部に織物又は編物が存在することで、目的の布厚が発現し、形態を安定に保持する。そして、超極細繊維の長さは、所定の長さにカットされるが、使用目的により変えることが可能で、特に限定されない。カットされた超極細繊維は、高圧水流で織物又は編物に交絡され、次いで、熱処理により収縮されることによって織物又は編物に強固に固定される。
【0019】
本発明のヌバック調人工皮革用不織布は、高分子弾性体を付着しない状態でヌバック調風合いを発現するが、高分子弾性体の30質量%[(高分子弾性体の質量/不織布の質量)×100%]以下の量を含浸せしめることによって、さらに緻密化、風合い、耐久性が向上する。
高分子弾性体を含浸せしめた人工皮革の目付は100〜650g/m2 となり、また、その密度は0.3〜0.8g/m3 となる。他方、高分子弾性体を30重量%以上含浸するとシートの柔軟性が低下し、繊維のもつ発色性も低下し、目的とする特性の人工皮革を得ることができない。
【0020】
上記高分子弾性体としては、ポリウレタン、アクリロニトル−ブタジエン共重合体、スチレン−ブタジエン共重合体、ポリブタジエン、ネオプレン等の合成ゴム、ポリアクリル酸エステルなどを挙げることができる。この中でポリウレタンは柔軟性や耐摩耗性が優れており、特に適している。このポリウレタンのポリオール成分としてはポリエチレンアジペートグリコール、ポリエチレンアジペートグリコールなどのポリエチレンジオール類、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコールなどのポリエーテルグリコール類、ポリカーボネートジオール類を挙げることができる。また、イソシアネート成分としては、芳香族イソシアネート、脂環族イソシアネート、脂肪族ジイソシアレートが挙げられる。さらに、鎖伸長剤としてエチレングリコールなどのグリコール類、エチレンジアミン等のジアミン類等を用いることができる。
【0021】
そして、上記のポリオール成分とジイソシアナート成分及び鎖伸長剤から強制乳化重合法によって得られた水分散型ポリウレタンを用いることが好ましい。水分散型ポリウレタンとしては、ポリエーテル系の無黄変ポリウレタン、カーボネート系の無黄変ポリウレタンを用いることができる。さらに、前記水分散型ポリウレタンには、耐熱性向上剤として酸化防止剤、光安定剤を併用することが好ましい。酸化防止剤としては、ヒンダードアミン系、ヒンダードフェノール系、ヒドラジン系化合物を挙げることができる。
本発明の人工皮革は、はじめに、熱収縮性をもつ超極細繊維と熱収縮性をもつ織物又は編物を高圧噴射水流処理法により3次元交絡した不織布を形成した後、得られた不織布を熱収縮させて緻密化処理し、次いで液流処理で繊維を起毛させることにより製造される。
【0022】
【実施例】
次に、実施例及び比較例を挙げて、本発明をさらに詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例によって限定されるものではない。
なお、実施例、比較例における物性値、風合い、毛羽の長さは以下の方法で評価、判定した。
1)布厚:
触圧式膜圧計(Peacok社製)を用いて測定した。
2)目付:
単位面積当たりの重量を測定して目付g/m2 換算した。
3)不織布密度:
式:密度(g/cm3 )=目付(g/m2 )/布厚(mm)×1/1000により求めた。
4)毛羽の長さ・緻密感・風合い:
緻密感、風合いの判定:外観の目視、手触りによる感触より緻密感、風合いを判定した。
5)毛羽長さ:
不織布断面のSEM観察像より判定した。
【0023】
実施例1:
1)抄紙
単繊維繊度0.06dtex(繊維直径:2.6μm)のアクリル繊維を3mmにカットした後、湿式抄紙法により目付20g/m2 のシートを作製した。シートの作製にあたりバインダーとしてポリビニルアルコール系繊維を20質量%使用した。アクリル繊維のモル比組成はアクリロニトリル/アクリル酸メチル/メタリルオキシベンゼンスルフォン酸ソーダ=95/4.3/0.7であった。
2)不織布形成
72dtex/36fのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィラメントからなる目付50g/m2 (天竺、シングルジャージ)の編地上に上記で製造した目付20g/m2 抄造シートを載置し、これを80メッシュの金網上に載置して、抄造シート側から、孔径0.125mmのノズルを用いて、50kg/cm2 の圧力で高圧噴射水流処理を行った。さらに、上記と同様な処理を繰り返し、目付70g/m2 のシートを形成した。
次ぎにこのシートを反転し、目付20g/m2 の抄造シートを載置し、50kg/cm2 の圧力で高圧噴射水流処理を行った。さらに同抄造シートを載置し、同様な処理を繰り返し、目付110g/m2 のシートを形成した。次いで作製したシートを沸水中で2分間処理した後、乾燥させ不織布を得た。シートは30%収縮し、得られた不織布は目付204g/m2 、布厚0.56mm、密度0.36g/cm3 であった。
【0024】
3)起毛処理
上記の不織布は次に高圧液流染色機(日本染色機製ユニエース)を用いて青色カチオン染料(Nichilon Blue AQN:日成化成、f値=0.21、染料付着量2.6%)で染色した。この液流処理により交絡が一部解除され、不織布表面に起毛が発生した。この人工皮革用不織布は、目付223g/m2 、布厚0.72mm、密度0.31g/cm3 であった。得られた人工皮革用不織布は、表面繊維の起毛が短毛で緻密感があり、ヌバック調の風合いを発現した。その断面SEM写真を図1に示す。
【0025】
実施例2:
1)緻密化処理
実施例1の2)で調製したシートを加熱飽和蒸気160KPaで収縮緩和処理した。このとき面積方向の収縮はなく用いた超極細繊維の収縮により布厚の減少があった。目付は204g/m2 、布厚0.52mm、密度0.39g/cm3 の緻密化したシートが得られた。
2)起毛処理
上記のシートを高圧液流染色機(日本染色機製ユニエース)を用いて青色カチオン染料(Nichilon Blue AQN:日成化成、f値=0.21、染料付着量2.6%)で染色した。この液流処理により交絡が一部解除され、不織布表面に起毛が発生した。得られた不織布は、目付223g/m2 、布厚0.55mm、密度0.41g/cm2 であった。また実施例1で得られた不織布よりさらに緻密感があり、短毛であり、ヌバック調の風合いを発現した。
【0026】
実施例3:
1)抄紙
繊度0.10dtex(繊維直径:3.3μm)のアクリル繊維を3mmにカットした後、湿式抄紙法により目付20g/m2 シートを作製した。シート作製にあたりバインダーとしてポリビニルアルコール系繊維を20質量%使用した。アクリル繊維のポリマーのモル比組成はアクリロニトリル/アクリル酸メチル/メタリルオキシベンゼンスルフォン酸ソーダ=95/4.3/0.7であった。
2)不織布形成
72dt/36fのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィラメントからなる目付50g/m2 (天竺、シングルジャージ)の編地上に上記で製造した目付20g/m2 抄造シートを載置し、これを80メッシュの金網上に載置して、抄造シート側から、孔径0.125mmのノズルを用いて、20kg/cm2 、30kg/cm2 、50kg/cm2 の圧力の順に3回高圧噴射水流処理を行った。さらに、同様の処理を繰り返し、目付70g/m2 のシートを形成した。
次ぎにこのシートを反転し、同抄造シートを載置し、50kg/cm2 の圧力で高圧噴射水流処理を行った。さらに同抄造シートを載置し、同じ処理を繰り返し、目付110g/m2 のシートを形成した。次いで作製したシートを沸水中で2分間処理した後、乾燥させた。シートは30%収縮し、目付は204g/m2 、布厚0.60mm、密度0.34g/cm3 であった。
【0027】
3)緻密化処理
上記不織布シートを加熱飽和蒸気160KPaで収縮緩和処理した。このとき用いた超極細繊維の収縮による布厚の減少があった。目付は204g/m2 、布厚0.56mm、密度0.36g/cm3 の緻密化したシートが形成された。
4)起毛処理
上記シートを高圧液流染色機(日本染色機製ユニエース)を用いて青色カチオン染料(Nichilon Blue AQN:日成化成、f値=0.21、染料付着量2.6%)で染色した。この液流処理により交絡が一部解除され、不織布表面に起毛が発生した。この不織布は、目付223g/m2 、布厚0.59mm、密度0.38g/cm3 であった。得られた不織布は起毛面の起毛が実施例1で得られた不織布と同じ程度の緻密感があり、短毛であり、ヌバック調の風合いを発現した。
【0028】
実施例4:
実施例1で得た不織布に水分散型ポリウレタン(エステル系:Bayer社製Impranil DLN)のエマルジョン(濃度5%に調製)を含浸した。含浸率が100%となるようにマングルで絞り付着率を合わせた。次いで、アルギン酸ナトリュウム3%水溶液を#100のスクリーンを通して表面にコートして105℃で乾燥させた後、130℃で1分間キュアリング処理した。さらに、洗浄、乾燥処理し、ポリウレタン付着量5質量%の人工皮革を得た。この人工皮革は、目付234g/m2 、布厚0.73mm、密度0.32g/cm3 であった。得られた人工皮革はスエード調人工皮革とは異なる緻密感があり、起毛面の起毛がより短毛であり、ヌバック調の風合いを発現した。
【0029】
比較例1:
1)抄紙
繊度0.13dtex(繊維直径:3.8μm)のアクリル繊維を3mmにカットした後、目付20g/m2 のシートを作製した。シート作製にあたりバインダーとしてポリビニルアルコール系繊維を20質量%使用した。アクリル繊維のポリマーのモル比組成はアクリロニトリル/アクリル酸メチル/メタリルオキシベンゼンスルフォン酸ソーダ=95.0/4.5/0.5であった。
2)不織布形成
72dt/36fのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィラメントからなる目付50g/m2 (天竺、シングルジャージ)の編地上に上記で製造した目付20g/m2 抄造シートを載置し、これを80メッシュの金網上に載置して、抄造シート側から、孔径0.125mmのノズルを用いて、20kg/cm2 、30kg/cm2 、50kg/cm2 の圧力の順に3回高圧噴射水流処理を行った。さらに、上記と同様な処理を繰り返し、目付70g/m2 のシートを形成した。
次ぎにこのシートを反転し、同抄造シートを載置し、同様に20kg/cm2 、30kg/cm2 、50kg/cm2 の圧力の順に3回高圧噴射水流処理を行った。さらに上記抄造シートを載置し、同様な処理を繰り返し、目付110g/m2 のシートを形成した。次いで作製したシートを沸水中で2分間処理した後、乾燥させた。シートは30%収縮し、このシートの目付は204g/m2 、布厚0.61mm、密度0.34g/cm3 であった。
【0030】
3)起毛処理
上記シートを高圧液流染色機(日本染色機製ユニエース)を用いて青色カチオン染料(Nichilon Blue AQN:日成化成、f値=0.21、染料付着量1.6%)で染色した。この起毛処理により、表面が起毛された不織布を得た。この不織布は、目付217g/m2 、布厚0.98mm、密度0.22g/cm3 であった。この不織布を実施例1〜3により調製した不織布と比較すると起毛面の毛羽は比較的長くなり、緻密感も低く、スエード調の風合いのものであった。得られた不織布の断面SEM写真を図2に示す。
上記実施例及び比較例の不織布、人工皮革の形態と発色性、発現する風合いを表1に纏めて示す。
【0031】
【表1】

Figure 0004248263
【0032】
【発明の効果】
本発明のアクリル繊維からなる超極細繊維で構成された不織布は、繊維本数、交絡点の数が多く、さらに密度が非常に高い3次元交絡不織布である。従って、本発明により、人工皮革起毛面の起毛長が非常に短く、緻密感があり、従来の人工皮革にない風合いのヌバック調人工皮革の提供が可能となった。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 実施例1により得られた人工皮革用不織布の断面SEM写真である。
【図2】 比較例1により得られ不織布の断面SEM写真である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a nonwoven fabric for nubuck-like artificial leather using heat-shrinkable ultrafine fibers, a nubuck-like artificial leather using such a nonwoven fabric, and a method for producing them.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Artificial leather is a structure imitating the form of natural leather, and is composed of an entangled nonwoven fabric made of ultrafine fibers and a polymer elastic body impregnated or adhered. Polyester, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile fiber or the like is used for the ultrafine fiber, and the entangled nonwoven fabric is manufactured by a needle punch method, a high-pressure jet water flow method , an airlaid method, or the like. In addition, for the impregnation of the polymer elastic body into the entangled nonwoven fabric, a method is generally used in which a solvent-soluble or water-dispersed polyurethane (elastic body) is impregnated and then solidified or dried and solidified.
Artificial leather has different coloring properties, texture, drape, wear resistance, etc. depending on the structure of the nonwoven fabric that is the fiber material and its entanglement, the type of polymer elastic material to be impregnated, the amount of impregnation, and the impregnation state. The physical properties are greatly different.
[0003]
The denseness of the nonwoven fabric made of fibers having a fineness of 1 to 5 dtex produced by the needle punch method does not increase. Further, when the sea-island fiber is subjected to the dissolution and division treatment, ultrafine divided fibers having a fineness of about 0.01 to 0.05 dtex appear, but these form a fiber bundle. Therefore, although the raised surface is composed of a fineness of 0.01 to 0.05 dtex, the formed three-dimensional entangled nonwoven fabric has low density, poor surface homogeneity, and the surface of the finished artificial leather surface. Facial expressions are expressed as “new facial expressions” or “wild”. Moreover, when the nonwoven fabric by the needle punch method is used, the density of the nonwoven fabric is low, and the voids are impregnated with 30% or more to improve the denseness, thereby expressing the performance as artificial leather. Thus, the conventional artificial leather does not exhibit an excellent texture unless it is impregnated with a large amount of a polymer elastic body (polyurethane). In recent years, there have been many troubles in which durability, embrittlement phenomenon, or alteration relating to polyurethane (elastic body) attached to artificial leather becomes a complaint.
[0004]
On the other hand, a three-dimensional entangled nonwoven fabric made of ultrafine fibers and a woven or knitted fabric with a fineness of 0.1 to 0.3 dtex by a high-pressure jet water flow treatment method is a needle punch formed from a fiber bundle of ultrafine fibers, a sea-island split type three-dimensional entanglement Unlike a nonwoven fabric, it is possible to form a nonwoven fabric in which ultrafine fibers having a fineness of 0.1 to 0.3 dtex are uniformly arranged and dispersed on the raised surface. The expression on the surface of these artificial leathers is expressed as “settled expression” or “elegant”, and the nonwoven fabric is dense, so even if it is not impregnated with polyurethane, the texture of suede artificial leather is expressed. Furthermore, when a small amount of polyurethane is impregnated, an artificial leather having improved flexibility, drape, color development and lightness can be obtained, and since the amount of polyurethane impregnation is small, there are few troubles such as alteration related to polyurethane.
As described above, the three-dimensional entangled nonwoven fabric produced by the high-pressure jet water treatment method has a dense feeling that is not found in the ultrafine fiber bundle entangled nonwoven fabric formed by the needle punch method or the dissolution division treatment. In addition, because ultrafine fibers are entangled in a state of being split and dispersed, it is expected that the number of entanglement points will increase dramatically as the fiber becomes more rigid and the number of components increases as the fiber becomes finer. Is done.
[0005]
Artificial leather includes smooth leather (silver-faced leather, glass-clad leather) and brushed leather (suede, nubuck, velor, buckskin). Among them, nubuck-like artificial leather is buffed with buffing silver. Leather with short fluff, velvety, and finely brushed than suede.
Conventionally, various proposals have been made and various products have been developed for a suede-like artificial leather having long raised ends and a nubuck-like artificial leather having short raised ends. In recent years, a nubuck-like artificial leather having a higher quality than a suede-like one has been demanded, and the following proposals having napped fibers using ultrafine fibers have been made.
[0006]
A method of buffing a raised surface after applying the resin to a fabric having raised fibers made of ultrafine fibers and then pressing the raised surface with a calender roll so that the raised hair becomes fluffy and closely attached (see, for example, Patent Document 1) . An elastic polymer is applied to an entangled nonwoven fabric made of ultrafine fibers having a single fineness of 0.3 dtex or less, embossed as necessary, and buffed, and then the surface is shrunk by 10% or more, and the surface where the napped portion and the silver surface are mixed (For example, refer patent document 2). A method in which only the surface layer of a nonwoven fabric made of composite fibers is made into ultrafine fibers, and then the nonwoven fabric is impregnated with an elastic resin and solidified, and then the fibers inside the nonwoven fabric are dissolved and extracted with a solvent or the like, and the outermost surface is raised (for example, patents) Reference 3).
[0007]
In addition, the fiber aggregate contains a polymer mainly composed of an elastic polymer to form a fibrous sheet, the surface thereof is non-fibrous with an average particle diameter of 10 μm or less, and an apparent density of 0.1 to 0.3 g / A method of applying a composition liquid of cm 3 collagen powder and a polymer mainly composed of polyurethane, embossing, and then raising the coated surface (see, for example, Patent Document 4). Furthermore, the surface of the fibrous substrate layer having a smooth surface composed of an entangled nonwoven fabric composed of ultrafine fibers and / or bundles of ultrafine fibers and a dense foam of elastic polymer existing in the entangled space is continuous with the ultrafine fibers. After forming the ultra-fine raised hair, a resin mainly composed of an elastic polymer is applied to the raised surface to form a porous layer mixed and integrated with the raised hair, and further raising is applied to the sheet surface. A method of exposing (see, for example, Patent Document 5).
[0008]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-42076 [Patent Document 2]
JP 63-50580 A [Patent Document 3]
JP-A-3-161576 [Patent Document 4]
JP-A-4-136280 [Patent Document 5]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-133592 [Patent Document 6]
(JP-A-3-206114)
[0009]
The above-mentioned conventional nubuck-like artificial leather is obtained by impregnating a large amount of a polymer elastic body into a tangled surface of a fiber bundle obtained by dissolving and dividing a fiber entangled nonwoven fabric formed of splittable composite fibers and densifying the surface. Some are obtained by shortening long hairs. Therefore, the three-dimensional entangled nonwoven fabric used is no different from the nonwoven fabric used in conventional suede-like artificial leather, and short hairs are expressed in the state of a three-dimensional entangled nonwoven fabric with no polymer elastic material attached to the surface. It is not a nubuck-like artificial leather that reproduces the sense of detail. Moreover, nubuck-like artificial leather using acrylic fibers has not been applied as a product.
[0010]
In order to develop nubuck-like artificial leather, it is necessary to use a three-dimensional entangled nonwoven fabric with shorter hair, higher entanglement, and higher density than suede-like artificial leather. The reinforcement of the fiber entanglement can be achieved by using a finer fiber (super extra fine fiber) of the extra fine fiber to be used, but has not been realized for the following reason.
In general, since ultrafine fibers of 0.1 dtex or less are difficult to spin directly, they are manufactured from melt-divided sea-island composite fibers having a fineness of 1 to 5 dtex, but are in the form of fiber bundles. A method of dividing after the formation of the nonwoven fabric is used for dividing into ultrafine fibers, and 0.05 dtex of ultrafine fibers that can be used in the high pressure jet water treatment method that has been subjected to the dissolution and division treatment have not been produced.
[0011]
The ultrafine fibers produced by direct spinning are industrially produced with a fineness of about 0.1 dtex. In addition, ultra-fine fibers used for entangled nonwoven fabrics by the high-pressure jet water treatment method are manufactured for the first time with uniform splitting, dispersion, and division, and are very fine fibers that cannot be easily split and dispersed. It cannot be manufactured with a fiber bundle. That is, there has been virtually no ultrafine fiber of 0.1 dtex or less, which has been split into highly entangled fibers and has no form of fiber bundle, which can be used in the conventional high-pressure jet water treatment method . Currently, suede-like artificial leather products using acrylic fibers with a fineness of 0.1 dtex are provided, but artificial leather made of acrylic fibers with a fineness of 0.1 dtex or less is not supplied as a product. This is because it was difficult to industrially produce acrylic fibers of 1 dtex or less. However, the present applicant previously proposed a superfine fiber having a fineness of 0.005 dtex made of an acrylonitrile-based polymer having a mass average molecular weight of 1 million or more, and industrial production thereof has become possible (for example, patent documents). 6).
[0012]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The object of the present invention is to use the above-mentioned ultra-fine fibers, compared to conventional suede or nubuck-like artificial leather, which has a dense feeling, short raising and a nubuck-like texture further improved and a nonwoven fabric for artificial leather The purpose is to develop a nubuck-like artificial leather made of such a nonwoven fabric.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of diligent research on the above problems, the present inventors have increased the number of entangled nonwoven fabrics composed of ultra-fine fibers, and by densification, the nubuck-like artificial leather has realized denseness and short fluff We have succeeded in developing a new type of nubuck-like artificial leather that has been further improved by simply adhering a small amount of polymer elastic material.
[0014]
That is, the present invention is a non-woven fabric which is produced by direct spinning and heat-shrinkable ultra-fine fibers having a fineness of 0.2 dtex or less and a heat-shrinkable woven fabric or knitted fabric are three-dimensionally entangled and then heat-shrinked. A nonwoven fabric for nubuck-like artificial leather having a basis weight of 100 to 500 g / m 2 and a density of 0.3 to 0.6 g / cm 3 and having dense short hair on the surface of the nonwoven fabric is provided. To do.
In the present invention, after forming a nonwoven fabric in which a heat-shrinkable ultrafine fiber and a heat-shrinkable woven fabric or knitted fabric are three-dimensionally entangled by a high-pressure jet water flow treatment method, the nonwoven fabric is then thermally shrunk and densified. Further, the present invention provides a method for producing a nonwoven fabric for nubuck-like artificial leather, wherein the entangled nonwoven fabric surface is raised by liquid flow treatment .
Furthermore, this invention provides the nubuck-like artificial leather using the said nonwoven fabric for nubuck-like artificial leather.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The ultrafine fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric for nubuck-like artificial leather of the present invention are not particularly limited, but fibers made of an acrylonitrile copolymer containing 50% by mass or more of acrylonitrile are preferable. Other vinyl monomers that can be copolymerized with acrylonitrile copolymers include methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate, hexyl (meth) acrylate, etc. (Meth) acrylic acid esters, halogen salts such as vinyl chloride, vinyl bromide and vinylidene chloride, maleic acid imide, phenylmaleimide, (meth) acrylamide, styrene, α-methylsulfone, vinyl acetate and the like. Of these, methyl acrylate and vinyl acetate are preferred from the viewpoint of improving spinnability.
[0016]
The specific viscosity of the acrylonitrile-based copolymer needs to be in the range of 0.05 to 0.5, and more preferably in the range of 0.1 to 0.25, which can ensure spin drawability. is there.
Further, the fineness of the ultrafine fiber is 0.2 dtex or less. By using such a microfiber, non-woven fabric surface fibers are short-haired, a dense feeling density 0.3-0.6 g / cm 3 [Density (g / cm 3) = basis weight (g / m 2) / A non-woven fabric having a cloth thickness (mm) × 1/1000] is formed.
In general, it is difficult to produce a card web with a superfine fiber having a fineness of 1.0 dtex or less, and it is difficult to produce a nonwoven fabric by needle punching. However, the present invention wets a superfine fiber with a fineness of 1.0 dtex or less. After preparing a web sheet by papermaking, a three-dimensional entangled nonwoven fabric is formed by applying a high-pressure jet water flow treatment method . By such a method, a three-dimensional entangled nonwoven fabric having a lot of entanglement points and having a fine texture and a fine texture is obtained.
[0017]
In addition, the present invention uses ultra-fine fibers, woven fabrics and knitted fabrics made from a heat-shrinkable resin that spontaneously shrinks in a specific temperature atmosphere. By using the heat-shrinkable resin, a three-dimensional entangled nonwoven fabric obtained by wet-paper-making web sheet by a high-pressure jet water flow method spontaneously shrinks in a specific temperature atmosphere region to further improve the denseness. This temperature atmosphere is 60 to 140 ° C. with dry heat, 60 to 100 ° C. with wet heat, and 100 to 140 ° C. under heated saturated steam. In such a temperature atmosphere region, ultrafine fibers, woven fabrics or knitted fabrics are subjected to heat shrinkage, and densification of the three-dimensional entangled nonwoven fabric is promoted.
The basis weight of the nonwoven fabric of the present invention is 100 to 500 g / m 2 . If the basis weight is 100 g / m 2 or less, it is difficult to obtain physical properties necessary for the application of artificial leather. On the other hand, when the basis weight is 500 g / m 2 or more, the light weight characteristic of artificial leather is lost.
[0018]
The woven fabric and knitted fabric used in the present invention are not limited as long as they can hold entangled fibers, but it is preferable to use a heat-shrinkable knitted fabric made of polyester fibers. As a method for entanglement of the ultrafine fibers into the woven fabric or the knitted fabric, a high-pressure jet water flow treatment method using a high-pressure water flow is preferable. In the nonwoven fabric of the present invention, the presence of a woven fabric or a knitted fabric expresses the desired fabric thickness and stably maintains the form. The length of the ultrafine fiber is cut to a predetermined length, but can be changed depending on the purpose of use, and is not particularly limited. The cut ultra-fine fibers are entangled with the woven fabric or the knitted fabric with a high-pressure water flow, and are then firmly fixed to the woven fabric or the knitted fabric by being contracted by heat treatment.
[0019]
The nonwoven fabric for nubuck-like artificial leather of the present invention expresses a nubuck-like texture without attaching a polymer elastic body, but 30% by mass of the polymer elastic body [(mass of polymer elastic body / mass of nonwoven fabric) × 100%] Impregnation, texture, and durability are further improved by impregnating the following amount.
The weight of the artificial leather impregnated with the polymer elastic body is 100 to 650 g / m 2 , and the density is 0.3 to 0.8 g / m 3 . On the other hand, when the polymer elastic body is impregnated with 30% by weight or more, the flexibility of the sheet is lowered, the color developability of the fiber is also lowered, and the artificial leather having the desired characteristics cannot be obtained.
[0020]
Examples of the polymer elastic body include polyurethane, acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer, styrene-butadiene copolymer, synthetic rubber such as polybutadiene and neoprene, and polyacrylate. Among these, polyurethane is particularly suitable because of its excellent flexibility and wear resistance. Examples of the polyol component of the polyurethane include polyethylene diols such as polyethylene adipate glycol and polyethylene adipate glycol, polyether glycols such as polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol, and polycarbonate diols. Examples of the isocyanate component include aromatic isocyanate, alicyclic isocyanate, and aliphatic diisocyanate. Furthermore, glycols such as ethylene glycol and diamines such as ethylenediamine can be used as chain extenders.
[0021]
And it is preferable to use the water dispersion type polyurethane obtained by the forced emulsion polymerization method from said polyol component, diisocyanate component, and chain extender. As the water-dispersible polyurethane, polyether-based non-yellowing polyurethane and carbonate-based non-yellowing polyurethane can be used. Furthermore, it is preferable that the water-dispersed polyurethane is used in combination with an antioxidant and a light stabilizer as a heat resistance improver. Examples of the antioxidant include hindered amine compounds, hindered phenol compounds, and hydrazine compounds.
The artificial leather of the present invention is formed by first forming a non-woven fabric obtained by three-dimensionally entanglement of a heat-shrinkable ultrafine fiber and a heat-shrinkable woven fabric or knitted fabric by a high-pressure jet water flow treatment method, and then heat-shrinking the obtained non-woven fabric. And then densifying and then raising the fibers by liquid flow treatment .
[0022]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Next, although an Example and a comparative example are given and this invention is demonstrated further in detail, this invention is not limited by these Examples.
The physical property values, texture, and fluff length in Examples and Comparative Examples were evaluated and determined by the following methods.
1) Fabric thickness:
It measured using the contact-type film | membrane pressure gauge (made by Peacock).
2) Weight per unit:
The weight per unit area was measured and converted to basis weight g / m 2 .
3) Non-woven fabric density:
Formula: Density (g / cm 3 ) = weight per unit area (g / m 2 ) / cloth thickness (mm) × 1/1000.
4) Length, fineness and texture of fluff:
Determination of denseness and texture: Denseness and texture were determined based on visual appearance and touch.
5) Fluff length:
It judged from the SEM observation image of a nonwoven fabric cross section.
[0023]
Example 1:
1) Papermaking An acrylic fiber having a single fiber fineness of 0.06 dtex (fiber diameter: 2.6 μm) was cut to 3 mm, and then a sheet having a basis weight of 20 g / m 2 was produced by a wet papermaking method. In producing the sheet, 20% by mass of polyvinyl alcohol fiber was used as a binder. The molar ratio composition of the acrylic fibers was acrylonitrile / methyl acrylate / methallyloxybenzene sodium sulfonate = 95 / 4.3 / 0.7.
2) Nonwoven Fabric Formation The above-prepared 20 g / m 2 basis weight sheet made of 72 dtex / 36f polyethylene terephthalate filaments and having a basis weight of 50 g / m 2 (Tenji, single jersey) is placed on an 80 mesh wire mesh. The high pressure jet water flow treatment was performed at a pressure of 50 kg / cm 2 using a nozzle having a hole diameter of 0.125 mm from the paper sheet side. Furthermore, the same process as described above was repeated to form a sheet having a basis weight of 70 g / m 2 .
Next, this sheet was inverted, a paper sheet having a basis weight of 20 g / m 2 was placed, and a high-pressure jet water flow treatment was performed at a pressure of 50 kg / cm 2 . Further, the papermaking sheet was placed and the same process was repeated to form a sheet having a basis weight of 110 g / m 2 . Next, the produced sheet was treated in boiling water for 2 minutes and then dried to obtain a nonwoven fabric. The sheet contracted 30%, and the obtained nonwoven fabric had a basis weight of 204 g / m 2 , a fabric thickness of 0.56 mm, and a density of 0.36 g / cm 3 .
[0024]
3) Raising treatment Next, the above-mentioned nonwoven fabric is subjected to a blue cationic dye (Nichilon Blue AQN: Nissei Kasei Co., Ltd., f-value = 0.21, dye adhesion amount 2.6%) using a high-pressure liquid dyeing machine (Uniace made by Nippon Dyeing Machine). ). This liquid flow treatment partially released the entanglement, and raised hair was generated on the nonwoven fabric surface. This nonwoven fabric for artificial leather had a basis weight of 223 g / m 2 , a fabric thickness of 0.72 mm, and a density of 0.31 g / cm 3 . The resulting non-woven fabric for artificial leather had short nubs on the surface fibers and a fine feeling, and exhibited a nubuck-like texture. The cross-sectional SEM photograph is shown in FIG.
[0025]
Example 2:
1) Densification treatment The sheet prepared in 2) of Example 1 was subjected to shrinkage relaxation treatment with heated saturated steam 160 KPa. At this time, there was no shrinkage in the area direction, and there was a decrease in fabric thickness due to shrinkage of the ultrafine fibers used. A dense sheet having a basis weight of 204 g / m 2 , a fabric thickness of 0.52 mm, and a density of 0.39 g / cm 3 was obtained.
2) Brushing treatment Using a high-pressure liquid flow dyeing machine (Uniace made by Nippon Dyeing Machine), the above sheet is treated with a blue cationic dye (Nichilon Blue AQN: Nissei Kasei Co., Ltd., f-value = 0.21, dye adhesion amount 2.6%). Stained. This liquid flow treatment partially released the entanglement, and raised hair was generated on the nonwoven fabric surface. The obtained nonwoven fabric had a basis weight of 223 g / m 2 , a fabric thickness of 0.55 mm, and a density of 0.41 g / cm 2 . Moreover, there was a denser feeling than the nonwoven fabric obtained in Example 1, it was short hair, and the nubuck-like texture was expressed.
[0026]
Example 3:
1) Papermaking After acrylic fibers having a fineness of 0.10 dtex (fiber diameter: 3.3 μm) were cut to 3 mm, a sheet weight of 20 g / m 2 was prepared by a wet papermaking method. In producing the sheet, 20% by mass of polyvinyl alcohol fiber was used as a binder. The molar ratio composition of the acrylic fiber polymer was acrylonitrile / methyl acrylate / methallyloxybenzene sodium sulfonate = 95 / 4.3 / 0.7.
2) Nonwoven Fabric Formation The above-prepared 20 g / m 2 basis weight sheet made of 72 dt / 36 f of polyethylene terephthalate filaments and having a basis weight of 50 g / m 2 (tenji, single jersey) is placed on an 80 mesh wire mesh. is placed on top, from the papermaking sheet side, using a nozzle having a pore diameter of 0.125 mm, was 20kg / cm 2, 30kg / cm 2, 3 times in the order of a pressure of 50 kg / cm 2 pressure water jet process. Further, the same treatment was repeated to form a sheet having a basis weight of 70 g / m 2 .
Next, this sheet was inverted, the papermaking sheet was placed, and high-pressure jet water flow treatment was performed at a pressure of 50 kg / cm 2 . Further, the papermaking sheet was placed, and the same process was repeated to form a sheet having a basis weight of 110 g / m 2 . Next, the produced sheet was treated in boiling water for 2 minutes and then dried. The sheet contracted 30%, the basis weight was 204 g / m 2 , the fabric thickness was 0.60 mm, and the density was 0.34 g / cm 3 .
[0027]
3) Densification treatment The nonwoven fabric sheet was subjected to shrinkage relaxation treatment with heated saturated steam 160 KPa. There was a decrease in fabric thickness due to shrinkage of the ultrafine fibers used at this time. A dense sheet having a basis weight of 204 g / m 2 , a fabric thickness of 0.56 mm, and a density of 0.36 g / cm 3 was formed.
4) Brushing The above sheet is dyed with a blue cationic dye (Nichilon Blue AQN: Nissei Kasei, f value = 0.21, dye adhesion amount 2.6%) using a high-pressure liquid dyeing machine (Uniace made by Nippon Dyeing Machine). did. This liquid flow treatment partially released the entanglement, and raised hair was generated on the nonwoven fabric surface. This nonwoven fabric had a basis weight of 223 g / m 2 , a fabric thickness of 0.59 mm, and a density of 0.38 g / cm 3 . The obtained non-woven fabric had a raised surface on the raised surface that was as dense as the non-woven fabric obtained in Example 1, was short hair, and exhibited a nubuck-like texture.
[0028]
Example 4:
The nonwoven fabric obtained in Example 1 was impregnated with an emulsion (prepared to a concentration of 5%) of water-dispersed polyurethane (ester type: Impranil DLN manufactured by Bayer). The squeeze adhesion rate was adjusted with mangles so that the impregnation rate was 100%. Next, a 3% aqueous solution of sodium alginate was coated on the surface through a # 100 screen, dried at 105 ° C., and then cured at 130 ° C. for 1 minute. Furthermore, washing and drying were performed to obtain an artificial leather having a polyurethane adhesion amount of 5% by mass. This artificial leather had a basis weight of 234 g / m 2 , a fabric thickness of 0.73 mm, and a density of 0.32 g / cm 3 . The obtained artificial leather had a dense feeling different from that of the suede-like artificial leather, the raised surface was shorter and the nubuck-like texture was expressed.
[0029]
Comparative Example 1:
1) Papermaking An acrylic fiber having a fineness of 0.13 dtex (fiber diameter: 3.8 μm) was cut into 3 mm, and then a sheet having a basis weight of 20 g / m 2 was produced. In producing the sheet, 20% by mass of polyvinyl alcohol fiber was used as a binder. The molar ratio composition of the acrylic fiber polymer was acrylonitrile / methyl acrylate / methallyloxybenzene sodium sulfonate = 95.0 / 4.5 / 0.5.
2) Nonwoven Fabric Formation The above-prepared 20 g / m 2 basis weight sheet made of 72 dt / 36 f of polyethylene terephthalate filaments and having a basis weight of 50 g / m 2 (tenji, single jersey) is placed on an 80 mesh wire mesh. is placed on top, from the papermaking sheet side, using a nozzle having a pore diameter of 0.125 mm, was 20kg / cm 2, 30kg / cm 2, 3 times in the order of a pressure of 50 kg / cm 2 pressure water jet process. Furthermore, the same process as described above was repeated to form a sheet having a basis weight of 70 g / m 2 .
Next, this sheet was inverted, and the papermaking sheet was placed thereon. Similarly, the high-pressure jet water flow treatment was performed three times in the order of pressures of 20 kg / cm 2 , 30 kg / cm 2 , and 50 kg / cm 2 . Further, the papermaking sheet was placed and the same process was repeated to form a sheet having a basis weight of 110 g / m 2 . Next, the produced sheet was treated in boiling water for 2 minutes and then dried. The sheet shrunk by 30%, and the basis weight of this sheet was 204 g / m 2 , the cloth thickness was 0.61 mm, and the density was 0.34 g / cm 3 .
[0030]
3) Raising treatment The above sheet is dyed with a blue cationic dye (Nichilon Blue AQN: Nissei Kasei Co., Ltd., f-value = 0.21, dye adhesion amount 1.6%) using a high-pressure liquid dyeing machine (Uniace made by Nippon Dyeing Machine). did. By this raising process, a nonwoven fabric having a raised surface was obtained. This nonwoven fabric had a basis weight of 217 g / m 2 , a fabric thickness of 0.98 mm, and a density of 0.22 g / cm 3 . When this non-woven fabric was compared with the non-woven fabric prepared in Examples 1 to 3, the fluff on the raised surface was relatively long, the feeling of denseness was low, and the texture was suede. The cross-sectional SEM photograph of the obtained nonwoven fabric is shown in FIG.
Table 1 summarizes the forms and color developability of the nonwoven fabrics and artificial leathers of the above Examples and Comparative Examples, and the texture that appears.
[0031]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004248263
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
The non-woven fabric composed of the ultra-fine fibers made of the acrylic fiber of the present invention is a three-dimensional entangled non-woven fabric having a large number of fibers and entanglement points and a very high density. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a nubuck-like artificial leather having an artificial leather raising surface with a very short raising length, a fine feeling, and a texture not found in conventional artificial leather.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is a cross-sectional SEM photograph of a non-woven fabric for artificial leather obtained in Example 1. FIG.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional SEM photograph of a nonwoven fabric obtained in Comparative Example 1.

Claims (5)

直接紡糸で製造された、繊度0.2dtex以下の熱収縮性の超極細繊維と、熱収縮性の織物又は編物とを、3次元交絡した後、熱収縮させた不織布であって、目付100〜500g/m2 、及び密度0.3〜0.6g/cm3 であり、かつ、不織布表面に緻密な短毛を有することを特徴とするヌバック調人工皮革用不織布。A non-woven fabric produced by direct spinning, heat-shrinkable ultra-fine fibers having a fineness of 0.2 dtex or less, and heat-shrinkable woven fabric or knitted fabric, and then heat-shrinked, having a basis weight of 100 to 100 A nonwoven fabric for nubuck-like artificial leather having 500 g / m 2 and a density of 0.3 to 0.6 g / cm 3 and having dense short hairs on the surface of the nonwoven fabric. 超極細繊維がアクリロニトリルを50質量%以上含有するアクリロニトリル系共重合体よりなる請求項1に記載のヌバック調人工皮革用不織布。  The nonwoven fabric for nubuck-like artificial leather according to claim 1, wherein the ultrafine fibers are made of an acrylonitrile copolymer containing 50% by mass or more of acrylonitrile. 請求項1又は請求項2に記載のヌバック調人工皮革用不織布に高分子弾性体を含浸付与した目付100〜650g/m2 、密度0.3〜0.8g/cm3 のヌバック調人工皮革。A nubuck artificial leather having a basis weight of 100 to 650 g / m 2 and a density of 0.3 to 0.8 g / cm 3 obtained by impregnating the nonwoven fabric for nubuck artificial leather according to claim 1 or 2 with a polymer elastic body. 熱収縮性の超極細繊維と熱収縮性の織物又は編物を高圧噴射水流処理により3次元交絡した不織布を形成し、次いで、該不織布を熱収縮して緻密化処理した後、交絡した不織布表面を液流処理により起毛させることを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2に記載のヌバック調人工皮革用不織布の製造方法。After forming a nonwoven fabric in which heat shrinkable superfine fibers and heat shrinkable woven fabric or knitted fabric are three-dimensionally entangled by high-pressure jet water flow treatment , the nonwoven fabric is subjected to heat shrinkage and densification treatment, and then the entangled nonwoven fabric surface is 3. The method for producing a nonwoven fabric for nubuck-like artificial leather according to claim 1 or 2, wherein raising is performed by a liquid flow treatment . 染料の存在下で液流処理により起毛させる請求項4に記載のヌバック調人工皮革用不織布の製造方法。The method for producing a nonwoven fabric for nubuck-like artificial leather according to claim 4, wherein the raising is performed by liquid flow treatment in the presence of a dye.
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