JP4243181B2 - Screw conveyor for transporting excavated soil - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a screw conveyor, and more particularly, to a soil conveyor for discharging soil by being attached to a mud pressure shield machine.

  Conventionally, mud pressure shield machines are used in excavation work such as subway tunnel construction and sewage piping work. In the mud pressure shield machine, the excavated soil is stored in the front chamber to stabilize the cutter head, and the mud water is agitated and mixed in the excavated soil and fluidized to facilitate discharge of the excavated soil. The excavated soil is discharged from the chamber of the shield machine using a screw conveyor, and a feed mud pipe connected from the start shaft side is connected to the excavated soil discharge opening of the screw conveyor, and a pressure feed pump is connected to the mud pipe. Then, fluid transportation is performed in which the excavated soil discharged from the opening of the screw conveyor is sent to the start shaft side by the muddy water flowing through the sending and discharging mud pipe.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a mud pressure shield machine for tunnel excavation as described above. A cutter head 2 is rotatably mounted in front of the cylindrical shield body 1, and the inner wall surface of the excavated tunnel is supported by the concrete member 3. The shield body 1 is pressed forward by the jack 4 against the existing concrete member 3, and the cutter head 2 rotates in this state, thereby excavating the ground in front of the cutter head 2 and removing the excavated soil. It is stored in the chamber 5 in front of the shield machine behind the cutter head 2. In this way, the excavated soil stored in the chamber 5 suppresses the collapse of the unexcavated face ground.

  The excavated soil stored in the chamber 5 is conveyed obliquely upward from the lower part of the chamber 5 by the screw conveyor 6 and discharged to the soil discharge hopper 7. On the other hand, the muddy water is supplied to the chamber 5 and the discharge hopper 7 through the muddy water supply pipe 8, and the excavated soil mixed with the muddy water is conveyed by the screw conveyor 6, and the muddy water is further mixed with the excavated soil in the discharged hopper 7. Then, the excavated soil mixed with muddy water is further finely crushed by the crusher 9 and is transported to the starting pile (not shown) side via the mud pipe 10 by the pressure pump 11.

  FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the rear end portion of a conventional excavating soil conveying screw conveyor. The screw conveyor 6 includes a cylindrical casing 21, a spiral screw blade 23 fixed at a predetermined pitch around a rotation shaft 22 rotatably provided in the cylindrical casing 21, and a rear end of the casing 21. It has a drive unit 24 for rotating the rotary shaft 22 of the screw blade 23 provided outside, and an opening 25 for discharging excavated soil conveyed by the screw blade 23.

  Therefore, when the screw blades 23 are rotated by the driving machine 24, the excavated soil stored in the chamber 5 (FIG. 1) in front of the shield machine and mixed with the muddy water is conveyed obliquely upward by the rotating action of the screw blades 23. The soil is discharged from the discharge opening 25 to the soil hopper 7 (FIG. 1). Here, the maximum transport diameter of the screw conveyor 6, that is, the size of the excavated earth lump 26 that can be transported is regulated by the pitch P of the screw blades 23 and the radial dimension (Dd) / 2.

  For this reason, when the natural ground to be excavated is a gravel layer, mudstone layer, or clay layer, increasing the shield speed increases the amount of cutting of the cutter head into the natural ground, and the natural ground is in a state of large cracks (excavation) 1 is excavated as a flat and large lump), even if the excavated material is transported through a screw conveyor, the sludge in the mud pipe, particularly between the soil hopper 7 and the crusher 9 in FIG. There is a problem of blocking in the tube 10a.

  As prior arts for solving such problems, there are Patent Document 1 (Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 62-185792) and Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-603379). In these prior arts, a conical crushing portion is provided at the conveyance rear end of the screw conveyor, and the crushed material is discharged from the narrowest opening at the rear end of the crushing portion. For this reason, when the excavated material is clay or when there is a large amount of crushed material, the discharge opening may be blocked. Further, fluid such as mud must pass through the narrow opening together with the crushed material, and the pressure in the screw may increase or close. In addition, the conical crushing portion is provided with projections (strip strips) for crushing excavated soil, but the opening area is relatively small because the height of the projections is lower than the interval between adjacent projections There was a similar problem. Furthermore, since the discharge opening is on the rear end side of the conical crushing portion, the excavated soil may become clogged while moving to the rear end side, and the opening may be blocked. In addition, it was difficult to adjust the size of the opening itself, which hindered excavation corresponding to various soil conditions.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 62-185792 Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-603379

  As described above, in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, when the object to be excavated is clay or when there is a large amount of crushed material, the discharge opening may be blocked, and the fluid such as mud is also narrow. There is a problem that the opening must be passed, the opening may be blocked, and it is difficult to adjust the size of the opening.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a comparatively large, particularly flat mass of excavated material, which is crushed to an appropriate size and thus does not block the discharge opening, and is a fluid excavated material and a comparison. It is an object of the present invention to provide a screw conveyor that can quickly discharge a small excavated object.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a screw conveyor that can adjust the discharge opening according to the type of excavated soil or the amount of excavated soil.

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a casing, a screw provided with a screw blade rotatably provided in the casing, a driving device for rotating the screw, and the casing are provided. In a screw conveyor having a discharge opening for discharging excavated soil conveyed by the provided screw, in the vicinity of the discharge opening, only the rotating shaft of the screw is provided without providing the screw blade, and the screw blade is A flange fixed to the rotary shaft, a mounting plate detachably fixed to the flange, and a plurality of radial plates that are fixed to the mounting plate and radially arranged along the longitudinal direction at the rotary shaft that is not provided comprising a plate-like crushing blades, the attachment crusher, JP said opening adjacent to the rotating outer periphery of the crusher has to be positioned Excavated soil transport for screw conveyor and is provided.

  The outer edge of each crushing blade is inclined so that the dimension in the radial direction becomes smaller in the direction opposite to the conveying direction of excavated soil, and the rotating outer periphery of the crusher has a substantially conical shape.

  A plurality of the crushing protrusions are provided at predetermined intervals along the inner circumferential direction of the casing over a position corresponding to the discharge opening and at least a part of the casing inner circumference along the rotation direction of the crushing blade. It is characterized by.

  The base mounting plate is composed of two substantially semicircular plates, and each of the plurality of crushing blades is fixed to each substantially semicircular ring plate in half to form two crusher halves. These crushers are fixed by detachably fixing the ring-shaped plate to the flange and joining the crushing blades of one crusher half and the crushing blades of the other crusher half adjacent to each other. A half body is fixed to the rotating shaft.

  An arbitrary number of spacer plates are sandwiched between the flange and the base mounting plate of the pulverizer to fix the pulverizer so that the axial mounting position of the pulverizer can be adjusted.

  Alternatively, the plurality of plate-like crushing blades have different radial heights, and the crusher is eccentric with respect to the rotating shaft when the mounting plate is fixed together with the axis of the flange. Features.

  The said plate-shaped crushing blade | wing is characterized by the space | interval between the outer edges in the circumferential direction of an adjacent crushing blade | wing being smaller than the height of radial direction.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings (FIGS. 3 to 5).

  FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the rear end of the screw conveyor according to the embodiment of the present invention. 4 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment, and FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along arrows AA in FIGS. 3 and 4. Also in the screw conveyor 30 of the present invention, a cylindrical casing 31, a helical screw blade 33 fixed at a predetermined pitch around a rotating shaft 32 rotatably provided in the cylindrical casing, and the casing 31. After the conveyance of the cylindrical casing 31 in order to discharge the excavated soil conveyed downward by the drive 34 for rotating the rotary shaft 32 of the screw blade 33 provided outside the rear end of the screw blade 33 And a discharge opening 35 provided at a lower portion of the end.

  In the embodiment of the present invention, the screw (most part of the rotary shaft 32 excluding the rear end portion) of the screw conveyor 30 connected to the main shaft of the driving machine 34 has a conveying portion 32a as shown in FIG. As in the conventional example, the screw blade 33 is attached, but the screw blade 33 is not attached to the portion 32 b of the rotating shaft 32 in the vicinity of the discharge opening 35.

  On the other hand, a disc-shaped flange 37 is fixed to a portion 32b in the vicinity of the discharge opening 35 where the screw blades 33 are not provided on the base end side of the rotating shaft 32 in the casing 31 close to the drive unit 34. The crusher 40 is detachably fixed to the flange 37.

  As shown in detail in FIGS. 5 to 7, the crusher 40 includes two crusher halves 40 a and 40 b having the same structure, and each crusher half 40 a and 40 b is a substantially semicircular ring-shaped mounting plate. 41a, a semi-cylindrical body 41b, and a crushing blade 42. A mounting plate 41a is fixed to one end of the semi-cylindrical body 41b, and the crushing blades 42 are arranged radially on the outer periphery of the semi-cylindrical body 41b. It abuts against the plate 41a and is fixed to each of the mounting plate 41a and the semi-cylindrical body 41b by welding or the like. A total of five crushing blades 42 are attached to each semicircular ring-shaped attachment plate 41 every 45 °, but the two crushing blades 42a attached to the ends of the attachment plate 41 that are 180 ° apart from each other are The other crusher halves 40a and 40b are surface-bonded by corresponding crushing blades 42a and bolts.

  As shown in FIG. 7, each crushing blade 42 has a height h1 that is substantially the same as the radial dimension of the mounting plate 41a at and near the mounting portion of the substantially semicircular ring-shaped mounting plate 41a. From 42c, it has the inclination part 42b which inclined in the direction which becomes low in the reverse direction of the conveyance direction of a screw conveyor, and becomes height h2 (h1> h2) in the front end of a conveyance direction. Thereby, in the state which attached the two crusher half bodies 40a and 40b to the screw conveyor, the outer periphery of the crushing blade | wing 42 of the crusher 40 becomes a substantially cone shape as a whole.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 6, in the crushing blade 42, the interval w between the outer edges in the circumferential direction of the adjacent crushing blades 42 is smaller than the height h1 in the radial direction. Accordingly, the size (diameter) of the lump 36 where the excavated soil is crushed is reduced as much as possible, and the passage (opening) of the excavated soil is increased so that the excavated soil does not block the passage. Yes.

  The crusher 40 is attached to the disk-shaped flange 37 fixed to the rotating shaft portion 32b of the screw conveyor 30 on the side opposite to the conveying direction. As described above, the crusher 40 has two crushers. Since it comprises the machine halves 40a and 40b, first, the semi-cylindrical body 41b of one crusher half 40a is arranged so as to cover the rotating shaft 32b, and the ring-shaped mounting plate 41a is placed on one of the rotating shafts 32b. It is attached from the side to the semicircular portion of the disc-shaped flange 37 with several bolts 43, and then the ring-shaped attachment plate 41b of the other crusher half body 40b is covered with the rotary shaft 32b and one half The ring-shaped mounting plate 41a is disposed facing the cylindrical body 41b from the other side of the rotary shaft 32b to the other semicircular portion of the disk-shaped flange 37 with a bolt 43, and the crusher half Body 40a, 40b Mutually fixed with a bolt 44 the crushing blade 42a at the end of the Judges. Thus, in a state where the two crusher halves 40a and 40b are attached to the flange 37, a total of eight crushing blades 42 are arranged about every 45 ° in the radial direction around the rotation axis b32, and the crushing blades 42 plate surfaces extend in the axial direction.

  On the other hand, the inner wall of the cylindrical casing 31 extends along the inner circumferential direction at a position immediately before the discharge opening 35 in the conveying direction, that is, at a position immediately after the position where the screw blades 33 of the screw conveyor 30 no longer exist. A plurality of fixed-side crushing projections 46 (FIG. 5) are provided at intervals. These crushing projections 46 are at least a region corresponding to the discharge opening 35, that is, a plate member 47 formed in the inner peripheral shape (arc shape) of the casing 31 fixed to the front end opening wall of the opening 35 with a bolt 47 a or the like. Over the arc forming edge where the projection 46 is implanted and over at least a part of the region along the rotational direction P (FIG. 5) of the crusher 40 from the discharge opening 35 (as a whole, a circumference of about 180 ° A plurality of cylinders 31 are attached so as to protrude inward from the inner wall of the cylindrical casing 31 at intervals in the inner circumferential direction. The protrusion 46 is made of a hard chip or a hard-faced hard material. When the substantially conical crusher 40 is attached to the screw conveyor 30, the inclined portion 42 b is positioned opposite to the crushing projections 46, and the distance between the crushing projection 46 and the inclined portion 42 b of the crusher 40. The diameter of the excavated soil mass 36 to be crushed by t is regulated.

  FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a screw conveyor according to another embodiment of the present invention. 3 is different from the embodiment of FIG. 3 in that an appropriate number of spacer plates 48 are sandwiched between the flange 37 and the ring-shaped mounting plate 41 of the pulverizer 40, and a bolt 43 having a predetermined length is used. Is fixed to the flange 37. Thereby, the mounting position of the crusher 40 in the axial direction can be adjusted, and the interval t between the crushing projection 46 and the inclined portion 42b of the crusher 40 can be changed to t2. Thereby, the diameter of the excavated soil lump 36 crushed by the pulverizer 40 can be regulated to be smaller or larger.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the spacer plate 48 has a semicircular ring shape similar to the semicircular ring-shaped mounting plate 42, and is located at a position corresponding to a bolt fixing mounting hole provided in the mounting plate 42. By providing the bolt mounting holes, when the crushers 40a and 40b are mounted from both sides of the rotary shaft 32b, they can be easily inserted from both sides of the rotary shaft 32b. The semicircular ring-shaped spacer plate 48 can be attached to the semicircular ring-shaped mounting plate 42 with a phase difference of, for example, 90 °.

  In the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 above, the crusher 40 is attached to the portion 32b of the rotary shaft 32 where the screw blades 33 of the screw conveyor 30 are not provided. As a result, the screw blades 33 are rotated at the same speed while the excavated soil is conveyed. Therefore, the excavated soil conveyed obliquely upward by the screw blades 33 is crushed by the crushing blades 42 of the crusher 40 at a position immediately before being discharged from the discharge opening 35, and in particular, conveyed without any obstacles by the screw blades 33. However, a flat excavated soil lump that may be blocked in the mud discharge pipe 10 a can be discharged after being crushed immediately before the discharge opening 35.

  Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various forms, modifications, corrections, and the like are possible within the spirit and scope of the present invention. It is.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the plurality of plate-like crushing blades 42 have the same axial length and the same radial height, and the mounting plate 41 with respect to the axis of the flange 37. However, when the two semicircular ring-shaped mounting plates 41 are mounted eccentrically with respect to the axis of the flange 37, the crusher 40 is rotated eccentrically and periodically broken during rotation. It is also possible to increase the crushing efficiency of the excavated soil by reducing the diameter of the lump of excavated soil to be crushed so that the interval t between the projection 46 and the inclined portion 42b of the crusher 40 is variable.

  Further, when the plurality of plate-like crushing blades 42 having different radial heights are attached, the crusher 40 can be used even if the attachment base plate 41 is attached concentrically to the axis of the flange 37. The crushing efficiency can be increased by rotating eccentrically.

  As described above, according to the present invention, in the vicinity of the discharge opening of the screw conveyor, a plurality of plate-shaped crushing blades arranged radially along the longitudinal direction on the rotation shaft without providing the screw blades. Since the opening is located adjacent to the rotating outer periphery of the crusher, the object to be excavated can be excavated by making simple changes without significantly changing the existing screw conveyor. Even if it is a relatively large, particularly flat lump, it will be crushed to an appropriate size. Therefore, the discharge opening is not blocked, and a fluid excavated item or a relatively small excavated item can be quickly discharged. Moreover, by using a spacer for the attachment part of the crusher, the discharge opening can be easily adjusted according to the type of excavated soil or according to the amount of excavated soil.

It is a schematic sectional drawing of the mud pressure type shield machine which can apply this invention. It is sectional drawing of the conventional screw conveyor for excavation soil conveyance. It is sectional drawing of the screw conveyor which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the screw conveyor which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 3. It is a top view of two grinder half bodies. It is a side view of a plate-like grinding blade.

Explanation of symbols

30 ... Screw conveyor 31 ... Casing 32 (32a, 32b) ... Rotating shaft 33 ... Screw blade 34 ... Drive 35 ... Discharge opening 36 ... Excavation block 37 ... Flange 40 ... Crusher 41 ... Semicircular ring-shaped mounting plate 42 ... Plate-like crushing blade 42b ... inclined part

Claims (7)

A casing, a screw provided with a screw blade rotatably provided in the casing, a drive unit for rotating the screw, and a discharge opening for discharging excavated soil conveyed by the screw provided in the casing In the screw conveyor having a portion, in the vicinity of the discharge opening, the screw blade is not provided and only the rotation shaft of the screw is provided, and the rotation shaft is not provided with the screw blade, and is fixed to the rotation shaft. A crusher is mounted , comprising: a flange that is attached, a mounting plate that is detachably fixed to the flange, and a plurality of plate-shaped crushing blades that are fixed to the mounting plate and radially disposed along the longitudinal direction. , The opening is positioned adjacent to the rotating outer periphery of the crusher, and the crushing blade Excavated soil conveying screw conveyor, characterized in that a crushing projections work.   2. The outer edge of each crushing blade is inclined so as to have a smaller radial dimension in a direction opposite to the conveying direction of the excavated soil, and the outer periphery of the crusher has a substantially conical shape. Screw conveyor.   A plurality of the crushing protrusions are provided at predetermined intervals along the inner circumferential direction of the casing over a position corresponding to the discharge opening and at least a part of the casing inner circumference along the rotation direction of the crushing blade. The screw conveyor according to claim 1, wherein the screw conveyor is provided. The mounting plate comprises two substantially semicircular ring-shaped plates, and the plurality of crushing blades are fixed to the respective substantially semicircular ring plates to form two crusher halves. These two crusher halves are fixed to the flange in a detachable manner, and the adjacent crushing blades of one crusher half and the crushing blades of the other crusher half are joined together. The screw conveyor according to claim 1 , wherein the screw conveyor is fixed to the rotating shaft. The pulverizer is fixed by sandwiching an arbitrary number of spacer plates between the flange and the mounting plate of the pulverizer so that the axial mounting position of the pulverizer can be adjusted. Item 5. The screw conveyor according to any one of Items 1 to 4 . The plurality of plate-like crushing blades have different radial heights, and when the mounting plate is fixed together with the axis of the flange, the crusher is rotationally eccentric with respect to the rotating shaft. The screw conveyor according to any one of claims 1 to 5 . A casing, a screw provided with a screw blade rotatably provided in the casing, a drive unit for rotating the screw, and a discharge opening for discharging excavated soil conveyed by the screw provided in the casing In the vicinity of the discharge opening, the screw blade is not provided and only the rotation shaft of the screw is provided, and the portion of the rotation shaft not provided with the screw blade is disposed along the longitudinal direction. Attach a crusher consisting of a plurality of plate-like crushing blades arranged radially, so that the opening is located adjacent to the rotating outer periphery of the crusher, and at a position in front of the discharge opening in the transport direction. the crushing projection that cooperates with the crushing blade is provided, the plate-like crushing blades, the spacing between the outer edge in the circumferential direction of the crushing blade adjacent (w) is The radial height (h ₁₎ excavated soil conveying screw conveyor, characterized in that smaller.

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