JP4228543B2 - Shift actuator for transmission - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  The present invention relates to a shift actuator for a transmission that operates in a shift direction a shift lever that operates a synchronization device of a transmission mounted on a vehicle.
[0002]
[Prior art]
  As a shift actuator for a transmission that operates a shift lever for operating a transmission synchronizer in the shift direction, a fluid pressure cylinder using a fluid pressure such as air pressure or hydraulic pressure as an operating source is generally used. This shift actuator using a fluid pressure cylinder requires a pipe connected to a fluid pressure source, and an electromagnetic switching valve for switching the flow path of the working fluid. There is a problem that space is required and the weight of the entire apparatus increases.
  In recent years, an electric motor type actuator has been proposed as a shift actuator for a transmission mounted on a vehicle that does not include a compressed air source or a hydraulic pressure source. The shift actuator constituted by an electric motor does not require the use of piping or an electromagnetic switching valve connected to a fluid pressure source unlike an actuator using a fluid pressure cylinder, so that the entire apparatus can be configured to be compact and lightweight. .
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
  In an actuator using an electric motor, a speed reduction mechanism is required to obtain a predetermined operating force. As this reduction mechanism, a mechanism using a ball screw mechanism and a mechanism using a gear mechanism have been proposed. These actuators using the ball screw mechanism and the gear mechanism are not necessarily satisfactory in terms of the durability of the ball screw mechanism and the gear mechanism, the durability of the electric motor, and the operating speed.
[0004]
  The present invention has been made in view of the above facts, and its main technical problem is:Using electromagnetic solenoidA shift actuator for a transmission with excellent durability and high operating speedFurther, the shift actuator has an operation force characteristic suitable for operating a transmission synchronization device, and is capable of miniaturizing an electromagnetic solenoid..
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  According to the present invention, in order to solve the main technical problem,
“In the shift actuator of the transmission that operates the shift lever that operates the synchronization device of the transmission in the shift direction,
A first electromagnetic solenoid and a second electromagnetic solenoid that actuate operating members connected to the shift lever in opposite directions;
The first electromagnetic solenoid and the second electromagnetic solenoid are respectively a casing, a fixed iron core disposed in the casing, a movable iron core disposed so as to be able to contact with and separate from the fixed iron core, A plunger that is mounted on the movable core and engages with the actuating member; and an electromagnetic coil disposed between the fixed core and the movable core and the casing.Become,
A stepped convex portion is formed on one of the mutually facing surfaces of the fixed iron core and the movable iron core, and a stepped concave portion corresponding to the stepped convex portion is formed on the other, the convex portion The position at which the edge portion of the recess and the edge portion of the recess are closest to each other corresponds to the synchronization position of the synchronization device. ''
A shift actuator for a transmission is provided.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of a shift actuator for a transmission constructed according to the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0007]
  1 is a cross-sectional view showing a basic configuration of a speed change operating device to which a shift actuator of the present invention is applied, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B, and shows a shift actuator using two electromagnetic solenoids as a reference example.
  The gear shift operating device shown2 includes a select actuator 3 and a shift actuator 5. The select actuator 3 includes three casings 31a, 31b, and 31c formed in a cylindrical shape. A control shaft 32 is disposed in the three casings 31a, 31b, and 31c, and both ends of the control shaft 32 are rotatably supported by the casings 31a and 31c on both sides via bearings 33a and 33b. ing. A spline 321 is formed at an intermediate portion of the control shaft 32, and the spline321A cylindrical shift sleeve 35 integrally formed with the shift lever 34 is spline-fitted so as to be slidable in the axial direction. The shift lever 34 and the shift sleeve 35 are made of a nonmagnetic material such as stainless steel, and the shift lever 34 is disposed through an opening 311b formed in the lower portion of the central casing 31b. The distal end portion of the shift lever 34 constitutes a shift mechanism of a transmission (not shown) disposed at the first select position SP1, the second select position SP2, the third select position SP3, and the fourth select position SP4. The shift blocks 301, 302, 303, and 304 are appropriately engaged.
[0008]
  A magnet movable body 36 is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the shift sleeve 35. The magnet movable body 36 includes an annular permanent magnet 361 mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the shift sleeve 35 and having magnetic poles on both axial end faces, and a pair of movable yokes 362 disposed on the axially outer side of the permanent magnet 361. , 363. The permanent magnet 361 in the illustrated embodiment has the right end surface magnetized in the N pole in FIGS. 1 and 2, and the left end surface in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 is magnetized in the S pole. The pair of movable yokes 362 and 363 are formed in an annular shape from a magnetic material. The movable magnet 36 configured in this way is positioned at the step 351 formed on the shift sleeve 35 at the right end of the movable yoke 362 of one (right side in FIGS. 1 and 2) in FIGS. The right end of the movable yoke 363 (left side in FIGS. 1 and 2) in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 is positioned by the snap ring 37 attached to the shift sleeve 35, and the movement in the axial direction is restricted. A fixed yoke 39 is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the magnet movable body 36 so as to surround the magnet movable body 36. The fixed yoke 39 is formed in a cylindrical shape from a magnetic material, and is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the central casing 31b. A pair of coils 40 and 41 are disposed inside the fixed yoke 39. The pair of coils 40 and 41 are wound around a bobbin 42 formed of a nonmagnetic material such as a synthetic resin and mounted on the inner peripheral surface of the fixed yoke 39. The pair of coils 40 and 41 are connected to a power circuit (not shown). The axial length of the coil 40 is set to a length substantially corresponding to the select length from the first select position SP1 to the fourth select position SP4. End walls 43 and 44 are mounted on both sides of the fixed yoke 39, respectively. Seal members 45 and 46 that contact the outer peripheral surface of the shift sleeve 35 are mounted on the inner peripheral portions of the end walls 43 and 44, respectively.
[0009]
  The select actuator 3 is configured as described above, and operates according to the principle of a linear motor constituted by the magnet movable body 36, the fixed yoke 39, and the pair of coils 40, 41 disposed on the shift sleeve 35. The operation will be described below with reference to FIG.
  Of this shifting operation deviceIn the select actuator 3, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the N pole of the permanent magnet 361, one movable yoke 362, one coil 40, the fixed yoke 39, the other coil 41, A magnetic circuit 360 passing through the other movable yoke 363 and the south pole of the permanent magnet 361 is formed. In such a state, when currents in opposite directions are passed through the pair of coils 40, 41 in the direction shown in FIG. 4A, the permanent magnet 361, that is, the shift sleeve 35, is subjected to FIG. As shown by the arrow in (a), thrust is generated to the right. On the other hand, when a current is applied to the pair of coils 40 and 41 in the direction opposite to that of FIG. 4A as shown in FIG. 2B, the permanent magnet 361, that is, the shift sleeve 35 is subjected to Fleming's left-hand rule. A thrust is generated in the left direction as indicated by an arrow in FIG. The magnitude of the thrust generated in the permanent magnet 361, that is, the shift sleeve 35 is determined by the amount of power supplied to the pair of coils 40 and 41.
[0010]
  Of this shifting operation deviceThe select actuator 3 cooperates with the magnitude of the thrust acting on the permanent magnet 361, that is, the shift sleeve 35, to move the shift lever 34 to the first select position SP1, the second select position SP2, the third select position SP3, First select position restricting means 47 and second select position restricting means 48 for restricting the position to the fourth select position SP4 are provided. The first select position restricting means 47 is provided between the snap rings 471 and 472 attached to the right end of the central casing 31b in FIGS. 1 and 2 at a predetermined interval, and the snap rings 471 and 472. A compression coil spring 473 disposed, a moving ring 474 disposed between the compression coil spring 473 and one snap ring 471, and the movement ring 474 being a predetermined amount to the right in FIGS. It comprises a stopper 475 that abuts when moving and restricts movement of the moving ring 474.
[0011]
  The first select position restricting means 47 configured as described above has a voltage of, for example, 2.4 V applied to the pair of coils 40 and 41 from the state shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 as shown in FIG. When a current is passed through, the permanent magnet 361, that is, the shift sleeve 35 moves to the right in FIGS. 1 and 2, and the right end of the shift sleeve 35 in FIGS. In this state, the spring force of the coil spring 473 is set to be larger than the thrust acting on the permanent magnet 361, that is, the shift sleeve 35, so that the shift sleeve 35 in contact with the moving ring 474 moves. The ring 474 is stopped at a position where it abuts against one snap ring 471. At this time, the shift lever 34 integrated with the shift sleeve 35 is positioned at the second select position SP2. Next, when a current is passed through the pair of coils 40 and 41 at a voltage of, for example, 4.8 V as shown in FIG. 4A, the thrust acting on the yoke 36, that is, the shift sleeve 35, is the spring force of the coil spring 473. Therefore, the shift sleeve 35 moves to the right in FIGS. 1 and 2 against the spring force of the coil spring 473 after coming into contact with the moving ring 474 and moves to the moving ring 474. Is stopped at a position where it comes into contact with the stopper 475. At this time, the shift lever 34 configured integrally with the shift sleeve 35 is positioned at the first select position SP1.
[0012]
  Next, the second select position restricting means 48 will be described.
  The second select position restricting means 48 is provided between the snap rings 481 and 482 mounted at a predetermined interval on the left end in FIGS. 1 and 2 of the central casing 31b, and between the snap rings 481 and 482. The coil spring 483 disposed, the moving ring 484 disposed between the coil spring 483 and one snap ring 481, and the moving ring 484 moved to the left in FIGS. 1 and 2 by a predetermined amount. And a stopper 485 that abuts and regulates the movement of the moving ring 484.
[0013]
  As shown in FIG. 4B, the second select position restricting means 48 configured as described above has a voltage of 2.4 V, for example, applied to the pair of coils 40 and 41 from the state shown in FIGS. When a current is passed through, the permanent magnet 361, that is, the shift sleeve 35 moves to the left in FIGS. 1 and 2, and the left end of the shift sleeve 35 in FIG. 1 and FIG. In this state, the spring force of the coil spring 483 is set to be larger than the thrust acting on the permanent magnet 361, that is, the shift sleeve 35, so that the shift sleeve 35 that is in contact with the moving ring 484 moves. The ring 484 is stopped at a position where it abuts against one snap ring 481. At this time, the shift lever 34 integrated with the shift sleeve 35 is positioned at the third select position SP3. Next, when a current is applied to the pair of coils 40 and 41 at a voltage of 4.8 V, for example, as shown in FIG. 4B, the thrust acting on the permanent magnet 361, that is, the shift sleeve 35, is applied to the spring of the coil spring 483. Therefore, the shift sleeve 35 moves to the left in FIGS. 1 and 2 against the spring force of the coil spring 483 after coming into contact with the moving ring 484, so that the moving ring The 484 stops at a position where it abuts against the stopper 485. At this time, the shift lever 34 configured integrally with the shift sleeve 35 is positioned at the fourth select position SP4.
  As shown above,Shifting operation deviceSince the first select position restricting means 47 and the second select position restricting means 48 are provided, the amount of power supplied to the pair of coils 40 and 41 is controlled so that the shift lever 34 can be moved without position control. It becomes possible to position at a predetermined select position.
[0014]
  The gear shift operating device shownIncludes a select position detecting sensor 8 for detecting the position of the shift sleeve 35 integrally formed with the shift lever 34, that is, the position in the select direction. The select position detection sensor 8 is composed of a potentiometer. One end of a lever 82 is attached to a rotation shaft 81 of the select position detection sensor 8, and an engagement pin 83 attached to the other end of the lever 82 is provided on the shift sleeve 35. The engaging groove 352 is engaged. Therefore, when the shift sleeve 35 moves to the left and right in FIG. 2, the lever 82 swings about the rotation shaft 81, so that the rotation shaft 81 rotates to change the operating position of the shift sleeve 35, that is, the select direction position. Can be detected. Based on the signal from the select position detection sensor 8, the direction of voltage and current applied to the coils 40, 41 (40a, 40b) of the select actuator 3 (3a, 3b) is controlled by a control means (not shown). The shift lever 34 can be positioned at a desired select position.
[0015]
  Also shownShifting operation device 2Includes a shift stroke position detection sensor 9 for detecting the rotational position of the control shaft 32, that is, the shift stroke position, to which the shift sleeve 35 constructed integrally with the shift lever 34 is mounted. The shift stroke position detection sensor 9 is composed of a potentiometer, and its rotation shaft 91 is connected to the control shaft 32. Therefore, when the control shaft 32 rotates, the rotation shaft 91 rotates and the rotation position of the control shaft 32, that is, the shift stroke position can be detected.
[0016]
  next,Shift actuator using two electromagnetic solenoids as a reference exampleWill be described mainly with reference to FIG.
  Shift actuator 5 shown in FIG.The first electromagnetic solenoid 6 and the second electromagnetic solenoid 7 for operating the operating lever 50 mounted on the control shaft 32 disposed in the casings 31a, 31b, 31c of the select actuator 3 in opposite directions. It has. The operating lever 50 is provided with a hole 501 that fits into the control shaft 32 at the base, and a key groove 502 formed on the inner peripheral surface of the hole 501 and a key formed on the outer peripheral surface of the control shaft 32. By fitting a key 503 into the groove 322, the key 503 is configured to rotate integrally with the control shaft 32. The operating lever 50 functions as an operating member connected to the shift lever 34 via the control shaft 32 and the shift sleeve 35, and is inserted through an opening 311a formed in the lower portion of the left casing 31a in FIGS. Arranged.
[0017]
  Next, the first electromagnetic solenoid 6 will be described.
  The first electromagnetic solenoid 6 is disposed through a casing 61, a fixed iron core 62 made of a magnetic material disposed in the casing 61, and a through hole 621 formed in the center of the fixed iron core 62. A plunger 63 made of a non-magnetic material such as stainless steel, a movable iron core 64 made of a magnetic material that is attached to the plunger 63 and is detachably disposed on the fixed iron core 62, the movable iron core 64, and the above-mentioned An electromagnetic coil 66 is disposed between the fixed iron core 62 and the casing 61 and wound around a bobbin 65 made of a nonmagnetic material such as synthetic resin. In the first electromagnetic solenoid 6 configured as described above, when the electromagnetic coil 66 is energized, the movable iron core 64 is attracted to the fixed iron core 62. As a result, the plunger 63 equipped with the movable iron core 64 moves to the left in FIG. 3, and its tip acts on the operation lever 50 to rotate clockwise around the control shaft 32. Thereby, the shift lever 34 integrated with the shift sleeve 35 attached to the control shaft 32 is shifted in one direction.
[0018]
  Next, the second electromagnetic solenoid 7 will be described.
  The second electromagnetic solenoid 7 is disposed opposite to the first electromagnetic solenoid 6. Similarly to the first electromagnetic solenoid 6, the second electromagnetic solenoid 7 is also formed with a casing 71, a fixed iron core 72 made of a magnetic material disposed in the casing 71, and a central portion of the fixed iron core 72. A plunger 73 made of a non-magnetic material such as stainless steel disposed through the through-hole 721 and a movable iron core made of a magnetic material attached to the plunger 73 so as to be able to contact and separate from the fixed iron core 72. 74 and an electromagnetic coil 76 wound between a movable iron core 74 and the fixed iron core 72 and the casing 71 and wound around a bobbin 75 made of a nonmagnetic material such as synthetic resin. In the second electromagnetic solenoid 7 configured as described above, when the electromagnetic coil 76 is energized, the movable iron core 74 is attracted to the fixed iron core 72. As a result, the plunger 73 fitted with the movable iron core 74 moves to the right in FIG. As a result, the shift lever 34 formed integrally with the shift sleeve 35 attached to the control shaft 32 is shifted in the other direction.
[0019]
  As aboveUsing two electromagnetic solenoidsThe shift actuator 5 includes a first electromagnetic solenoid and a second electromagnetic solenoid that operate the operation lever 50 (operation member) connected to the shift lever 34 in opposite directions, and durability is improved because there is no rotation mechanism. In addition, since a speed reduction mechanism such as a ball screw mechanism or a gear mechanism is not required like an actuator using an electric motor, a compact configuration can be achieved and the operating speed can be increased.
[0020]
  next,Second reference example showing another form of shift actuator using two electromagnetic solenoidsWill be described with reference to FIG. In addition, in FIG. 5, it shows in the said FIG. 1 thru | or FIG.three ExampleThe same members as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
  As shown in FIGS.Reference exampleThe shift actuator 5 in FIG. 5 is a push type actuator, but the second type shown in FIG.Reference exampleThe shift actuator 5a is a pull type actuator. That is, the secondReference exampleThe shift actuator 5a includes a first electromagnetic solenoid 6a and a second electromagnetic solenoid 7a for operating the operation lever 50 mounted on the control shaft 32 in opposite directions. The first electromagnetic solenoid 6a includes a casing 61a, a fixed iron core 62a made of a magnetic material arranged in the casing 61a, and a movable material made of a magnetic material arranged so as to be able to contact with and separate from the fixed iron core 62a. An iron core 64a, an electromagnetic coil 66a wound around a bobbin 65a made of a nonmagnetic material such as a synthetic resin and disposed between the movable iron core 64a and the fixed iron core 62a and the casing 61a, and an inner side of the bobbin 65a And a cylindrical slide guide 67a made of an appropriate synthetic resin or the like for guiding the movement of the movable iron core 64a. The second electromagnetic solenoid 7a is disposed to face the first electromagnetic solenoid 6a. Similarly to the first electromagnetic solenoid 6a, the second electromagnetic solenoid 7a is capable of contacting and separating from the casing 71a, a fixed iron core 72a made of a magnetic material disposed in the casing 71a, and the fixed iron core 72a. A movable iron core 74a made of a magnetic material, and an electromagnetic coil wound around a bobbin 75a made of a nonmagnetic material such as a synthetic resin, which is arranged between the movable iron core 74a and the fixed iron core 72a and the casing 71a. 76a, and a cylindrical slide guide 77a made of an appropriate synthetic resin or the like that is disposed inside the bobbin 75a and guides the movement of the movable iron core 74a. In the shift actuator 5a in the second embodiment, the movable iron core 64a of the first electromagnetic solenoid 6a and the movable iron core 74a of the second electromagnetic solenoid 7a are connected by a single plunger 78a. A notch groove 781a is formed at the center of the plunger 78a, and the tip of the operating lever 50 is engaged with the notch groove 781a.
[0021]
  SecondReference exampleThe shift actuator 5a is configured as described above, and its operation will be described below.
  When the electromagnetic coil 76a of the second electromagnetic solenoid 7a is energized, the movable iron core 74a is attracted to the fixed iron core 72a. As a result, the plunger 78a connected to the movable iron core 74a moves to the left in FIG. 5, and is controlled via the operating lever 50 whose tip is fitted in a notch groove 781a formed in the center of the plunger 78a. The shaft 32 is rotated clockwise. Thereby, the shift lever 34 integrated with the shift sleeve 35 attached to the control shaft 32 is shifted in one direction. Further, when the electromagnetic coil 66a of the first electromagnetic solenoid 6a is energized, the movable iron core 64a is attracted to the fixed iron core 62a. As a result, the plunger 78a connected to the movable iron core 64a moves rightward in FIG. 5, and is controlled via the operating lever 50 whose tip is fitted in a notch groove 781a formed in the center of the plunger 78a. The shaft 32 is rotated counterclockwise. Thereby, the shift lever 34 integrated with the shift sleeve 35 attached to the control shaft 32 is shifted in one direction.
[0022]
  Next, the shift actuator constructed according to the present inventionFirstAn embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, in FIG. 6, it shows in the said FIG. 1 thru | or FIG.Reference exampleThe same members as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
  As shown in FIG.FirstThe shift actuator 5b in the embodiment is also described above.Reference exampleSimilarly, a first electromagnetic solenoid 6b and a second electromagnetic solenoid 7b for operating an operating lever 50 mounted on a control shaft 32 disposed in the casings 31a, 31b, 31c of the select actuator 3 are provided. ing.FirstThe difference between the first electromagnetic solenoid 6b and the second electromagnetic solenoid 7b in the embodiment and the first electromagnetic solenoid 6 and the second electromagnetic solenoid 7 in the first embodiment is that the fixed iron core and the movable iron core are different from each other. The shape of the opposing end faces is different. That is,FirstA feature of the first electromagnetic solenoid 6b and the second electromagnetic solenoid 7b in the embodiment is that stepped convex portions 621b and 721b are formed at the center of the end surfaces of the fixed iron cores 62b and 72b facing the movable iron cores 64b and 74b, respectively. Step-shaped concave portions 641b and 741b corresponding to the convex portions 621b and 721b are formed at the center of the end surfaces of the movable cores 64b and 74b facing the fixed cores 62b and 72b. And the position where the edge parts 622b and 722b of the convex parts 621b and 721b of the fixed iron cores 62b and 72b and the edge parts 642b and 742b of the concave parts 641b and 741b of the movable iron cores 64b and 74b are closest to each other is described later. It is configured to correspond to the synchronization position. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, an example is shown in which the stepped convex portions 621b and 721b are formed on the fixed iron cores 62b and 72b, and the stepped concave portions 641b and 741b are formed on the movable cores 64b and 74b. Alternatively, stepped convex portions may be formed on the movable iron cores 64b and 74b, and stepped concave portions may be formed on the fixed iron cores 62b and 72b.
[0023]
  FirstThe shift actuator 5b in the embodiment is configured as described above, and the first and second electromagnetic solenoids 6b and 7bCorresponding to operating positionReferring to FIGS. 7, 8 and 10, the relationship between the shift stroke position of a synchronizer mounted on a transmission (not shown) and the thrust at the operating position of first electromagnetic solenoid 6b and second electromagnetic solenoid 7b will be described. explain.
  FIG. 7 shows the operating state of the first electromagnetic solenoid 6b and the second electromagnetic solenoid 7b. FIG. 7 (a) shows a state in which the synchronizing device is operated to the neutral position, and FIG. 7 (b) shows the first operating state. FIG. 7C shows a state in which the synchronizing device is operated to the gear-in position by the first electromagnetic solenoid 6b, and FIG. 7D shows the second electromagnetic state. FIG. 7E shows a state where the solenoid 7b is operated to the synchronization position of the synchronization device, and FIG. 7E shows a state where the second electromagnetic solenoid 7b is operated to the gear-in position of the synchronization device.
  8 shows the relationship between the spline 11 of the clutch sleeve, the teeth 12a and 12b of the synchronizer ring and the dog teeth 13a and 13b in the synchronizer. FIG. 8A shows the neutral state, and FIG. ) Is a synchronized state when the first electromagnetic solenoid 6b is operated, FIG. 8C is a gear-in state when the first electromagnetic solenoid 6b is operated, and FIG. 8D is a second electromagnetic solenoid 7b. FIG. 8 (e) shows a gear-in state when the second electromagnetic solenoid 7b is operated.
[0024]
  FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the operating positions of the plungers 63 and 73 of the first electromagnetic solenoid 6b and the second electromagnetic solenoid 7b and the thrust. 10 (a) and 10 (b), the electromagnetic solenoid operating position P0 is neutral when the first electromagnetic solenoid 6b and the second electromagnetic solenoid 7b are in the state shown in FIG. 7 (a), and PR2 Is the gear-in position where the first electromagnetic solenoid 6b and the second electromagnetic solenoid 7b are in the state shown in FIG. 7E, and PL2 is the first electromagnetic solenoid 6b and the second electromagnetic solenoid 7b shown in FIG. The gear-in position in the state shown in c). FIG. 10A shows a state in which the first electromagnetic solenoid 6b and the second electromagnetic solenoid 7b energize the first electromagnetic solenoid 6b from the gear-in state (PR2) in the state shown in FIG. 7E. FIG. 10B is a graph showing the thrust at each operating position when operating to the gear-in position PL2 shown in FIG. 10C. FIG. 10B shows the first electromagnetic solenoid 6b and the second electromagnetic solenoid 7b shown in FIG. FIG. 8 is a graph showing thrust at each operating position when the second electromagnetic solenoid 7b is energized from the gear-in state (PL2) shown in FIG. 7 to the gear-in position PR2 shown in FIG.
[0025]
  First, based on FIG. 10A, the first electromagnetic solenoid 6b and the second electromagnetic solenoid 7b energize the first electromagnetic solenoid 6b from the gear-in state (PR2) in the state shown in FIG. 7E. Then, the thrust (graph shown by a solid line) at each operating position when operating up to the gear-in position PL2 shown in FIG. When the electromagnetic coil 66 of the first electromagnetic solenoid 6b is energized from the gear-in state shown in FIG. 7E (in the synchronous device, the gear-in state shown in FIG. 8E), the movable iron core 64b is attracted to the fixed iron core 62b. Thus, a thrust is generated in the plunger 63, but the thrust is small at the gear-in position PR2 (stroke start position) because the distance between the movable iron core 64b and the fixed iron core 62b is large. Then, the thrust increases as the movable iron core 64b moves toward the fixed iron core 62b, and the neutral position indicated by P0 in FIG. 10A, that is, the neutral state shown in FIG. 8 (neutral state shown in FIG. 8A), the edge 642b of the concave portion 641b of the movable core 64b and the edge 622b of the convex portion 621b of the fixed core 62b approach each other, and PL1 in FIG. The two edge portions are closest to each other at the synchronization position indicated by (1), that is, the synchronization state shown in FIG. 7 (b) (in the synchronization device, the synchronization state shown in FIG. 8 (b)). In the synchronized state shown in FIG. 7B, the magnetic flux density at both the edge portions is increased, and therefore the thrust is increased. In FIG. 10 (a), when the synchronization position indicated by PL1 is passed, the concave portion 621b of the movable iron core 64b and the convex portion 641b of the fixed iron core 62b are fitted, so that the magnetic flux is radial in the fitting portion. The thrust decreases because of the action. When the movable iron core 64b further approaches the fixed iron core 62b, the thrust increases rapidly, and the gear-in position (stroke end) indicated by PL2 in FIG. 10 (a), that is, the gear-in state (synchronizer) shown in FIG. 7 (c). In FIG. 8, the gear-in state shown in FIG.
[0026]
  Next, based on FIG. 10B, the first electromagnetic solenoid 6b and the second electromagnetic solenoid 7b are attached to the second electromagnetic solenoid 7b from the gear-in state (PL2) in the state shown in FIG. Next, thrust (graphs indicated by solid lines) at each operating position when operating to the gear-in position PR2 shown in FIG. When the electromagnetic coil 76 of the second electromagnetic solenoid 7b is energized from the gear-in state shown in FIG. 7C (the gear-in state shown in FIG. 8C in the synchronous device), the movable iron core 74b is attracted to the fixed iron core 72b. Thus, thrust is generated in the plunger 73, but the thrust is small at the gear-in position PL2 (stroke start position) because the distance between the movable iron core 74b and the fixed iron core 72b is large. Then, as the movable iron core 74b moves toward the fixed iron core 72b, the thrust increases, and the neutral position indicated by P0 in FIG. 10B, that is, the neutral state shown in FIG. 8 (neutral state shown in (a) of FIG. 8), the edge portion 742b of the concave portion 741b of the movable core 74b and the edge portion 722b of the convex portion 721b of the fixed core 72b approach each other, and PR1 in FIG. The two edge portions are closest to each other at the synchronization position indicated by, that is, in the synchronization state shown in FIG. 7D (in the synchronization device, the synchronization state shown in FIG. 8D). In the synchronized state shown in FIG. 7 (d), the magnetic flux density at the two edge portions is increased, so that the thrust is increased. In FIG. 10 (b), when the synchronization position indicated by PR1 is passed, the concave portion 721b of the movable iron core 74b and the convex portion 741b of the fixed iron core 72b are fitted, so that the magnetic flux is radial in the fitting portion. The thrust decreases because of the action. When the movable iron core 74b further approaches the fixed iron core 72b, the thrust increases rapidly, and the gear-in position (stroke end) indicated by PR2 in FIG. 10B, that is, the gear-in state (synchronizer) shown in FIG. In FIG. 8, the gear-in state shown in FIG.
[0027]
  As described above, it consists of the first electromagnetic solenoid 6b and the second electromagnetic solenoid 7b.FirstSince the shift actuator 5b in the embodiment has a characteristic that the thrust is once raised at the synchronization position (PL1, PR1) of the synchronization device, a predetermined thrust can be obtained at the synchronization position where the operation force is required. be able to. That is, the broken line in FIG. 10A and FIG.Reference exampleThe size of the shift actuator 5 in FIG.FirstThis is a thrust characteristic when configured in the same manner as the shift actuator 5b in the embodiment, and is indicated by a solid lineFirstCompared with the thrust characteristics of the shift actuator 5b in the embodiment, it can be seen that the thrust at the synchronization position (PL1, PR1) is small. Therefore,Reference exampleThe thrust at the synchronous position (PL1, PR1) by the shift actuator 5 atFirstIn order to make it equivalent to the shift actuator 5b of the embodiment,Reference exampleThe electromagnetic solenoid of the shift actuator 5 inFirstBy applying the shift actuator 5b of the embodiment, the electromagnetic solenoid can be reduced in size. Also,FirstThe shift actuator 5b in the embodiment is the above at the stroke end.Reference exampleSince the thrust is smaller than that of the shift actuator 5 in FIG. 2, impact at the stroke end can be reduced. As shown in FIG.FirstIn the embodimentReference exampleAn example in which the present invention is applied to a push-type actuator corresponding toReference exampleThe same operation and effect can be obtained by applying the pull-type actuator in FIG.
[0028]
  Next, the shift actuator constructed according to the present inventionSecondAn embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, in FIG. 9, it shows in the said FIG.FirstThe same members as those in the embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
  SecondThe shift actuator 5c in the embodiment includes a stepped convex portion 621c and 721c formed at the center of the end surface of the fixed iron cores 62c and 72c constituting the first electromagnetic solenoid 6c and the second electromagnetic solenoid 7c, and the fixed iron core 62c. FIG. 6 shows the shapes of stepped recesses 641c and 741c corresponding to the projections 621c and 721c formed at the center of the end surfaces of the projections 72c and 72c.FirstIt differs from the shape of the step-shaped convex parts 621b and 721a and the step-shaped recessed parts 641b and 741b in the shift actuator 5b in the embodiment. That is,FirstIn the embodiment, the outer peripheral surfaces of the convex portions 621b and 721b and the inner peripheral surface of the concave portions 641b and 741b have the same diameter over the entire length, but are shown in FIG.SecondThe outer peripheral surfaces of the convex portions 621c and 721c and the inner peripheral surfaces of the concave portions 641c and 741c of the shift actuator 5c in the embodiment are formed in a tapered shape. The thrust characteristic of the shift actuator 5c configured as described above is indicated by a solid line as shown by a one-dot chain line in FIGS. 10 (a) and 10 (b).FirstThe thrust characteristic of the shift actuator 5b in the embodiment and indicated by a broken lineReference exampleThis is an intermediate characteristic to the thrust characteristic of the shift actuator 5 at. And if the taper angle of the outer peripheral surface of the said convex part 621c, 721c and the inner peripheral surface of the recessed part 641c, 741c is small, it will become a thrust characteristic which approaches a solid line, and if it becomes large, it will become a thrust characteristic which approaches a broken line.
[0029]
  As described above, the present invention is applied to the shift actuator that constitutes the speed change operation device together with the select actuator. can do.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
  Since the shift actuator of the transmission according to the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained.
[0031]
  That is, according to the present invention, since the operating member connected to the shift lever is composed of the first electromagnetic solenoid and the second electromagnetic solenoid that operate in opposite directions, durability is improved because there is no rotating mechanism. At the same time, a speed reduction mechanism consisting of a ball screw mechanism and a gear mechanism is not required like an actuator using an electric motor.It is possibleIn addition, the operating speed can be increased.Furthermore, the fixed iron core and the movable iron core in the first electromagnetic solenoid and the second electromagnetic solenoid are each provided with a stepped protrusion on one of the opposing surfaces, and the other has a stepped protrusion corresponding to the protrusion. A concave portion is formed, and the position at which the edge portion of the convex portion and the edge portion of the concave portion are closest to each other corresponds to the synchronization position of the synchronization device. Therefore, the thrust of the electromagnetic solenoid that operates the synchronizer becomes a characteristic that rises once at the synchronous position, and a thrust characteristic suitable for operation of the synchronizer can be obtained, and the electromagnetic solenoid can be downsized..
[Brief description of the drawings]
[Figure 1]Sectional drawing which shows the basic composition of the speed change operation apparatus with which the shift actuator of this invention is applied.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
[Fig. 3]A shift actuator using two electromagnetic solenoids is shown as a reference example.BB sectional drawing in FIG.
FIG. 4 is an operation explanatory diagram of a select actuator constituting the speed change operation device shown in FIG. 1;
[Figure 5]A second reference example of a shift actuator using two electromagnetic solenoids is shown.Sectional drawing.
FIG. 6 shows a shift actuator constructed in accordance with the present invention.FirstSectional drawing which shows embodiment.
FIG. 7 shows in FIG.FirstExplanatory drawing which shows each operation state of the shift actuator in embodiment.
FIG. 8 shows in FIG.FirstExplanatory drawing which shows the shift stroke position of the synchronizer corresponding to each operation state of the shift actuator in embodiment.
FIG. 9 illustrates a variable speed actuator constructed in accordance with the present invention.SecondSectional drawing which shows embodiment.
FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a relationship between each operation position of a shift actuator and thrust.
[Explanation of symbols]
      2: Shifting operation device
      3: Select actuator
    31a, 31b, 31c: casing
    32: Control shaft
    33a, 33b: Bearing
    34: Shift lever
    35: Shift sleeve
    36: Magnet movable body
  361: Permanent magnet
  362, 363: movable yoke
    39: Fixed yoke
    40, 41: Coil
    42: Bobbin
    47: First select position restricting means
    48: Second select position restricting means
      5: Shift actuator (Reference example)
    5a: Shift actuator (secondReference example)
    5b: Shift actuator (FirstEmbodiment)
    5c: Shift actuator (SecondEmbodiment)
    50: Actuating lever
      6, 6a, 6b, 6c: First electromagnetic solenoid
    61, 61a: casing
    62, 62a, 62b, 62c: Fixed iron core
    63: Plunger
    64, 64a, 64b, 64c: movable iron core
    66, 66a: Electromagnetic coil
      7, 7a, 7b, 7c: second electromagnetic solenoid
    61, 71a: casing
    72, 72a, 72b, 72c: Fixed iron core
    73: Plunger
    74, 74a, 74b, 74c: movable iron core
    76, 76a: Electromagnetic coil
    78: Plunger
      8: Select position detection sensor
      9: Shift stroke position detection sensor
    11: Spline of clutch sleeve of synchronizer
  12a, 12b: Synchronizer ring of the synchronizer
  13a, 13b:Synchronous dog teeth

Claims (1)

In a shift actuator of a transmission that operates a shift lever that operates a transmission synchronizer in a shift direction,
A first electromagnetic solenoid and a second electromagnetic solenoid that actuate operating members connected to the shift lever in opposite directions;
The first electromagnetic solenoid and the second electromagnetic solenoid are respectively a casing, a fixed iron core disposed in the casing, a movable iron core disposed so as to be able to contact with and separate from the fixed iron core, consists of a plunger that engages with said actuating member is mounted on the movable core, an electromagnetic coil disposed between the fixed iron core and the movable iron core and the casing,
A stepped convex portion is formed on one of the mutually facing surfaces of the fixed iron core and the movable iron core, and a stepped concave portion corresponding to the stepped convex portion is formed on the other, the convex portion A shift actuator for a transmission, wherein a position at which the edge portion of the recess and the edge portion of the recess are closest to each other corresponds to a synchronization position of the synchronization device .

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