JP4221773B2 - Aqueous primer composition for fluororesin coating - Google Patents

Aqueous primer composition for fluororesin coating Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4221773B2
JP4221773B2 JP15744398A JP15744398A JP4221773B2 JP 4221773 B2 JP4221773 B2 JP 4221773B2 JP 15744398 A JP15744398 A JP 15744398A JP 15744398 A JP15744398 A JP 15744398A JP 4221773 B2 JP4221773 B2 JP 4221773B2
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Prior art keywords
dispersion
fluororesin
solid content
weight
aqueous
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JP15744398A
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JPH11349887A (en
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信行 富橋
耕一郎 荻田
久人 実政
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Daikin Industries Ltd
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Daikin Industries Ltd
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Priority to JP15744398A priority Critical patent/JP4221773B2/en
Application filed by Daikin Industries Ltd filed Critical Daikin Industries Ltd
Priority to CNB99806999XA priority patent/CN1175060C/en
Priority to KR1020007013713A priority patent/KR100622883B1/en
Priority to PCT/JP1999/002915 priority patent/WO1999064523A1/en
Priority to EP99922622A priority patent/EP1103582B1/en
Priority to US09/701,872 priority patent/US6333372B1/en
Priority to DE69929595T priority patent/DE69929595T2/en
Publication of JPH11349887A publication Critical patent/JPH11349887A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/002Priming paints
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D127/00Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D127/02Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C09D127/12Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/20Diluents or solvents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L79/00Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08L61/00 - C08L77/00
    • C08L79/04Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
    • C08L79/08Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L81/00Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of polysulfones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L81/06Polysulfones; Polyethersulfones

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、フッ素樹脂被覆用水性プライマー組成物、即ちフッ素樹脂を各種金属基材へコーティングする際に、フッ素樹脂を基材へ接着させるために用いるプライマー組成物に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般に、各種金属基材にポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)、テトラフルオロエチレン−ヘキサフルオロプロピレン共重合体(FEP)、テトラフルオロエチレン−パーフルオロアルキルビニルエーテル共重合体(PFA)等のフッ素樹脂をコーティングする場合、フッ素樹脂の特性である非粘着性のために、フッ素樹脂を直接金属基材に塗装することは困難である。
そのため、フッ素樹脂コーティングを行う場合には、基材に対する接着性を有し、かつその上に塗装されるフッ素樹脂コーティングとも接着性を有するプライマー組成物が開発され、実用化されてきた。
【0003】
特に近年、耐熱性に優れたエンジニアリングプラスチックの開発が進み、様々なプラスチックとフッ素樹脂を組み合わせて、新しいフッ素樹脂被覆用プライマーの開発が進められている。
たとえば、特開昭61−111352号公報には、ポリエーテルスルホンとフッ素樹脂を含む水性分散体からなるフッ素樹脂被覆用組成物が開示されている。しかし、この組成物をプライマーとして使用した場合、ポリエーテルスルホンの欠点である耐食性がさらに低下する傾向が見られる。
【0004】
特開昭59−199774号公報には、ポリアミドイミドやポリイミド等をバインダー成分とし、特定のフッ素樹脂と組み合わせた下塗り組成物が開示されている。しかし、この組成物は焼成時の変色が著しく、焼成後は濃い褐色に変色するため、塗膜の色調が限定されてしまう。加えて、吸湿性の比較的高いバインダー樹脂を用いていることから、近年炊飯釜の塗装として普及してきているPFA粉体コーティングのプライマーとして用いた場合には、特にIHジャーなどの急激な加熱が行われる炊飯釜では、耐スチーム性が悪いため、使用時にブリスタが発生することがある。
【0005】
一方、特許公報2702041号には、ポリエーテルスルホン、ポリアミドイミドおよび/またはポリイミド、フッ素樹脂ならびに金属粉末を、有機溶媒中に溶解または分散させたプライマー組成物が記載されている。しかし、この特許の発明において、分散媒はN−メチルピロリドンなどの有機溶媒であり、バインダー樹脂は溶媒に溶解していることから、塗料固形分を高くすることが難しい。また、近年大きな社会問題となっている環境問題の点からも、分散媒の組成を改善する必要がある。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、基材への密着性にすぐれ、かつ耐食性・耐スチーム性に優れ、加えて環境問題を引き起こさず、作業性にも優れたフッ素樹脂被覆用プライマー組成物を提供しようとするものである。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、基材への密着性を担うプラスチック成分として耐スチーム性に優れるが耐食性に乏しいポリエーテルスルホンと、これとは逆に耐食性は良好であるが耐スチーム性に劣るポリアミドイミドおよび/またはポリイミドを、両者の特徴を生かせるある比率で、フッ素樹脂と共に水性媒体中に粒子状態で分散混合し、これを成膜時に皮膜化することにより、相容性に乏しい両者の樹脂の特徴を生かすことができ、かつ従来のフッ素樹脂被膜用プラーマー組成物が有する上記の問題点を解決できることを見出した。
【0008】
加えて、水性分散体であることから、溶剤系プライマー組成物の様に溶剤中に樹脂分が溶解しておらず、ハイソリッド(高固形分)化も可能となり、分散媒の水性化およびハイソリッド化の2つの点で、近年大きな社会問題ともなっている環境問題の解消にも大きく貢献し、あわせて塗装作業の簡便さと安全性を向上させることができる。
【0009】
すなわち、本発明は、ポリエーテルスルホン、ポリアミドイミドおよび/またはポリイミド、並びにフッ素樹脂を水に分散してなり、かつポリエーテルスルホンのポリアミドイミドおよび/またはポリイミドに対する重量比が85:15〜65:35で、ポリエーテルスルホンとポリアミドイミドおよび/またはポリイミドとの合計のフッ素樹脂に対する重量比が15:85〜35:65であるフッ素樹脂被覆用水性プライマー組成物を提供する。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
上記のとおり、本発明においてポリエーテルスルホンのポリアミドイミドおよび/またはポリイミドに対する重量比は、通常85:15〜65:35の範囲、好ましくは80:20〜65:35の範囲である。この範囲よりポリエーテルスルホンの割合が多いと、フッ素樹脂被覆用プライマーとして重要な性能の一つである耐食性が極端に低下する。一方、ポリアミドイミドおよび/またはポリイミドの割合が多いと、焼成時の変色により塗膜の色調の自由度が制限される上、PFA粉体等の溶融樹脂系上塗りを塗装した場合に、耐スチーム性が低下する。
【0011】
本発明において、ポリエーテルスルホンとポリアミドイミドおよび/またはポリイミドとの合計のフッ素樹脂に対する重量比は、通常15:85〜35:65の範囲、好ましくは20:80〜35:65の範囲である。この範囲よりフッ素樹脂の割合が多いと、プライマーの基材への密着性が低下するため、耐食性が低下する。一方、この範囲よりフッ素樹脂の割合が少ないと、トップコートであるフッ素樹脂被覆との接着性が低下して層間で剥離が生じたり、耐スチーム性や耐食性が低下して、層間からブリスタが発生する原因となる。
【0012】
本発明のプライマー組成物の固形分濃度は特に制限されないが、組成物の調製時や、輸送や塗布時の取り扱い性の点から、50重量%以下、例えば40重量%以下が好ましい。
【0013】
本発明のプライマー組成物に含まれるフッ素樹脂の種類は、特に限定されず、フッ素樹脂被覆用プライマーに従来から用いられているフッ素樹脂がいずれも使用できる。たとえば、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)、変性PTFE、トラフルオロエチレン−ヘキサフルオロプロピレン共重合体(FEP)、テトラフルオロエチレン−パーフルオロアルキルビニルエーテル共重合体(PFA)等を使用することができる。さらに、樹脂粒子がコア−シェル構造を有しているフッ素樹脂も使用できる。これらフッ素樹脂は、単独でまたは2種類以上を併用して用いられる。
【0014】
本発明において、バインダー成分であるポリエーテルスルホン、ポリアミドイミドおよび/またはポリイミドは粉砕され、水中に分散した状態で安定化されている。そのため、粒子径が大きすぎると分散安定性が低下して沈殿しやすくなる。加えて、粒子径が大きすぎると皮膜化した際に表面の平滑性も低下する。さらに、粒子径が大きい場合にはブレンド前の各バインダー樹脂の特性が残り、目的とする塗膜物性が出難い可能性がある。そのため、プライマー組成中のポリエーテルスルホンおよびポリアミドイミドまたはポリイミドの平均粒子径は通常8μm以下、好ましくは5μm以下であることが望ましい。一方、粒子径が小さい場合、表面平滑性に関しては問題がないが、組成物のチキソトロピー性が増加し、合わせて組成物の粘度も増加して取り扱いや塗布が難しいことから、適当な平均粒子径の範囲は、一般に0.5μm以上8μm以下である。
【0015】
本発明のプライマー組成物には、バインダー成分およびフッ素樹脂成分の他に、フッ素樹脂被覆用水性プライマーに配合される常套の添加剤を配合することができる。
例えば、着色の為に顔料を配合することが可能である。顔料としては、主に高温でも安定な無機顔料およびカーボンブラックが用いられる。ただし、顔料の添加により耐食性が低下することから、顔料の添加量はおおむね樹脂成分の20重量%を越えないようにするのがよい。
【0016】
アルミニウムメタリックやステンレスパウダー等光輝感のある金属粉末を添加することも可能である。ポリエーテルスルホンは透明性に優れた樹脂であり、これをベースとした本発明のプライマー組成物も、金属粉末を添加することで、トップコートがクリヤー皮膜の場合でも光輝感のある皮膜を与えることができる。これら金属粉末の添加によりプライマーの耐食性は低下することがあるので、添加量はおおむね樹脂成分に対して10重量%以下が望ましい。
【0017】
添加剤として、樹脂の分散安定性を改善するために界面活性剤を添加することも好ましい。界面活性剤としては、非イオン系界面活性剤、陰イオン系界面活性剤を使用することができる。添加量は、塗料固形分に対して1〜15重量%が好ましい。
【0018】
本発明のプライマー組成物には、塗装作業における作業性を向上し、あわせて組成物の保存安定性を確保する目的で、水溶性高分子化合物を添加して粘度調整することができる。しかし、水溶性高分子化合物の熱分解性によっては、熱分解物が耐食性低下の原因となることがある。使用できる水溶性高分子化合物としては、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリビニルピロリドン、メチルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルセルロース等が例示できるが、他の水溶性高分子化合物も使用できる。
更に、本発明の組成物には、必要に応じて、レベリング剤、消泡剤、沈降防止剤等の、常用されている塗料用添加剤を添加することもできる。
【0019】
本発明のプライマー組成物の分散媒は水であるが、塗装後の皮膜の造膜性を補助する目的で、N−メチル−2−ピロリドン(NMP)やジメチルアセトアミド、ジメチルホルムアミド等の極性有機溶剤を組成物に添加してもよい。
極性溶媒の添加量は、その種類によって異なるが、添加量が少ないと造膜補助の効果がなく、多すぎると分散しているポリエーテルスルホンやポリアミドイミドやポリイミドの粒子表面を溶解させ、組成物の安定性が悪くなる。一般に、有機溶媒の量は、水の50重量%までが適当である。例えば、N−メチル−2−ピロリドンの場合、水に対して5〜50重量%の範囲で添加される。
【0020】
本発明のプライマー組成物は、次ぎのような方法で調製することができる。
まず、ポリエーテルスルホンおよび水を、適当な粉砕機、例えばボールミルに入れ、ポリエーテルスルホンが上記の好ましい粒径になるまで粉砕する。この場合、所望により極性有機溶媒を添加する。
ポリアミドイミドおよび/またはポリイミドは、同様の方法により粉砕することができる。また、ポリアミドイミドおよび/またはポリイミドが溶媒に溶解している場合には、溶液を水に加えて樹脂を析出させ、その後適当な粉砕機、例えばボールミルにより、ポリアミドイミドおよび/またはポリイミドが上記のような粒径になるまで粉砕する。
次いで、上記のようにして得たポリエーテルスルホンの水性分散体ならびにポリアミドイミドおよび/またはポリイミドの水性分散体を、フッ素樹脂ディスパージョンと混合し、本発明のプライマー組成物を得る。
【0021】
本発明のプライマー組成物は、従来の水性プライマー組成物と同様の方法で、基材に塗布され、乾燥、焼き付けされて、プライマーを基材表面に形成する。
【0022】
本発明のプライマー組成物は、プライマーの上に形成されるトップコートのフッ素樹脂の種類を選ばない。すなわち、PTFE系、PFA系およびFEP系水性ディスパージョン上塗り塗料、PFA系およびFEP系粉体塗料、並びにフッ素樹脂フィルムのプライマーとして使用することが出来る。
【0023】
本発明のフッ素樹脂被覆用水性プライマー組成物は作業性および環境性に優れ、かつこの水性プライマー組成物から形成したプライマー層の上に形成したフッ素樹脂皮膜は、炊飯器やグリル鍋等に要求される耐スチーム性、耐食性に優れている。
【0024】
【実施例】
以下に実施例を挙げて本発明を具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれら実施例に限定されるものではない。なお、「%」および「部」は重量基準である。
【0025】
ポリエーテルスルホンの水性分散体の調製
ポリエーテルスルホン(以下、「PES」という。)5003P(ICI社製)60gおよびイオン交換水60gを、セラミックボールミル中で、PES粒子が完全に粉砕されるまで(約10分間)ミリングし、次にこれにN−メチル−2−ピロリドン(以下、「NMP」という。)180gを加え、さらに48時間ミリングした。
得られた分散体を、さらにサンドミルで7パス粉砕してPES濃度約20%の水性分散体を得た。分散体中のPESの粒径は2〜3μmであった。得られた分散体を、以下「水性PES分散体」と呼ぶ。この水性PES分散体を、下記実施例および比較例における組成物の調製に用いた。
【0026】
ポリアミドイミドの水性分散体の調製
市販のポリアミドイミド(以下、「PAI」という。)樹脂溶液(固形分29重量%のNMP溶液)を水中に投入して樹脂を析出させた。これをボールミル中で所定時間粉砕して平均粒径2μmの分散体を得た。得られた分散体の固形分は20重量%であった。この分散体を、以下「水性PAI分散体」と呼ぶ。この水性PAI分散体を、下記実施例および比較例における組成物の調製に用いた。
【0027】
実施例1
水性PES分散体および水性PAI分散体を、PES対PAI固形分重量比が85:15となるよう混合し、これにPTFEディスパージョン(固形分60重量%)を、PAIとPESとの合計固形分対フッ素樹脂固形分の重量比(PES+PAI:フッ素樹脂)が20:80となるように加え、更に増粘剤としてポリビニルアルコールを加えて粘度を135センチポイズ(B型粘度計、#2ローター;60回転)に調整して、固形分34重量%の水性分散液を得た。
【0028】
実施例2
水性PES分散体および水性PAI分散体を、PES対PAI固形分重量比が75:25となるよう混合し、これにPTFEディスパージョン(固形分60重量%)を、PAIとPESとの合計固形分対フッ素樹脂固形分の重量比が20:80となるように加え、更に増粘剤としてポリビニルアルコールを用いて粘度を130センチポイズ(B型粘度計、#ローター;60回転)に調整して、固形分34重量%の分散液を得た。
【0029】
実施例3
水性PES分散体および水性PAI分散体を、PES対PAI固形分重量比が65:35となるよう混合し、これにPTFEディスパージョン(固形分60重量%)を、PAIとPESとの合計固形分対フッ素樹脂固形分の重量比が20:80となるように加え、更に増粘剤としてポリビニルアルコールを用いて粘度を120センチポイズ(B型粘度計、#2ローター;60回転)に調整して、固形分30重量%の分散液を得た。
【0030】
実施例4
水性PES分散体および水性PAI分散体を、PES対PAI固形分重量比が75:25となるよう混合し、これにPTFEディスパージョン(固形分60重量%)を、PAIとPESとの合計固形分対フッ素樹脂固形分の重量比が15:85となるように加え、更に増粘剤としてメチルセルロースを用いて粘度を130センチポイズ(B型粘度計、#2ローター;60回転)に調整して、固形分37重量%の分散液を得た。
【0031】
実施例5
水性PES分散体および水性PAI分散体を、PES対PAI固形分重量比が75:25となるよう混合し、これにPTFEディスパージョン(固形分60重量%)を、PAIとPESとの合計固形分対フッ素樹脂固形分の重量比が25:75となるように加え、更に増粘剤としてメチルセルロースを用いて粘度を135センチポイズ(B型粘度計、#2ローター;60回転)に調整して、固形分34重量%の分散液を得た。
【0032】
実施例6
水性PES分散体および水性PAI分散体を、PES対PAI固形分重量比が75:25となるよう混合し、これにPTFEディスパージョン(固形分60重量%)を、PAIとPESとの合計固形分対フッ素樹脂固形分の重量比が35:65となるように加え、更に増粘剤としてメチルセルロースを用いて粘度を130センチポイズ(B型粘度計、#2ローター;60回転)に調整して、固形分34重量%の分散液を得た。
【0033】
比較例1
水性PES分散体にPTFEディスパージョン(固形分60重量%)を、PES対PTFE固形分重量比が20:80となるように加え、更に増粘剤としてポリビニルアルコールを用いて粘度を130センチポイズ(B型粘度計、#2ローター;60回転)に調整して、固形分34重量%の分散液を得た。
【0034】
比較例2
水性PAI分散体にPTFEディスパージョン(固形分60重量%)を、PAI対PTFE固形分重量比が20:80となるように加え、更に増粘剤としてポリビニルアルコールを用いて粘度を140センチポイズ(B型粘度計、#2ローター;60回転)に調整して、固形分34重量%の分散液を得た。
【0035】
比較例3
水性PES分散体および水性PAI分散体を、PES対PAI固形分重量比が50:50となるよう混合し、これにPTFEディスパージョン(固形分60重量%)を、PAIとPESとの合計固形分対フッ素樹脂固形分の重量比が20:80となるように加え、更に増粘剤としてポリビニルアルコールを用いて粘度を135センチポイズ(B型粘度計、#2ローター;60回転)に調整して、固形分34重量%の分散液を得た。
【0036】
比較例4
PES5003PをNMPに溶解して固形分20重量%の溶液を調製した。これに、NMPとフッ素樹脂(FEP粉末)をPES対フッ素樹脂の固形分重量比が20:80になるように加え、ボールミル中で分散を行い、固形分18重量%の分散液を得た。得られた分散液の粘度は180センチポイズ(B型粘度計、#2ローター;60回転)であった。
【0037】
比較例5
PES5003PをNMPに溶解して固形分20重量%の溶液を調製した。これに、ポリアミドイミドのNMP溶液を固形分重量比で75:25となるように加え、さらにNMPとフッ素樹脂(FEP粉末)を、PAIとPESとの合計固形分対フッ素樹脂固形分の重量比が20:80となるように加えて、ボールミル中で分散を行い固形分18重量%の分散液を得た。得られた分散液の粘度は165センチポイズ(B型粘度計、#2ローター;60回転)であった。
【0038】
試験板の作製:
上記実施例および比較例で得た分散液それぞれをプライマー組成物として使用して、下記の手順で試験用塗板を得た。
基材としての純アルミニウム板(A−1050P)の表面をアセトン脱脂した後、サンドブラストにより表面粗度Raが2.5μmから3.5μmとなるように粗面化した。エアーブローにより表面のダストを除去した後、各分散液を(乾燥)膜厚10μmになるよう塗装した。
これを約100℃で赤外乾燥した後、トップコートとしてPFA粉体塗料(ACX−31)を塗装し、380℃で20分間焼成した。トップコートの膜厚は40μmであった。
【0039】
試験方法:
塗膜の性能を、下記のようにして測定、評価した。
おでんの素耐食性
試験板の塗膜表面にカッターナイフでクロスカットによって基材に達するきずを入れた。この試験板を、おでんの素(ヱスビー食品製)20gを水1リットルに溶解した溶液中に浸漬し、70℃に保温して、ブリスタの発生等異状が無いかを100時間毎にチェックした。正常な塗膜を維持した時間を表1に示す。
【0040】
耐スチーム試験
試験板を6気圧の水蒸気中に8時間放置し、取り出した後、250℃まで2分間で加熱した。これを1サイクルとして20サイクルまで繰り返して試験を行い、ブリスタの発生の有無を調べた。
20サイクル後もブリスタが発生しないものを「合格」とし、ブリスタが発生したものは「不合格」とし、ブリスタが発生したサイクル数と共に表1に示した。
【0041】
【表1】

Figure 0004221773
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an aqueous primer composition for coating a fluororesin, that is, a primer composition used for adhering a fluororesin to a substrate when coating the fluororesin on various metal substrates.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, various metal substrates are coated with a fluororesin such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (FEP), tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (PFA). In this case, it is difficult to apply the fluororesin directly to the metal substrate because of the non-adhesiveness that is a characteristic of the fluororesin.
Therefore, when performing fluororesin coating, a primer composition has been developed and put into practical use that has adhesion to a substrate and also has adhesion to a fluororesin coating applied thereon.
[0003]
Particularly in recent years, engineering plastics with excellent heat resistance have been developed, and new fluoropolymer coating primers have been developed by combining various plastics and fluororesins.
For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-111352 discloses a fluororesin coating composition comprising an aqueous dispersion containing polyethersulfone and a fluororesin. However, when this composition is used as a primer, the corrosion resistance, which is a disadvantage of polyethersulfone, tends to be further reduced.
[0004]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-199774 discloses an undercoat composition in which polyamideimide, polyimide, or the like is used as a binder component and combined with a specific fluororesin. However, this composition is remarkably discolored at the time of firing, and changes color to dark brown after firing, so that the color tone of the coating film is limited. In addition, since a relatively high hygroscopic binder resin is used, especially when used as a primer for PFA powder coating, which has become widespread for painting rice cookers in recent years, rapid heating such as IH jars is particularly likely. In a rice cooker that is used, blistering may occur during use due to poor steam resistance.
[0005]
On the other hand, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2702401 describes a primer composition in which polyethersulfone, polyamideimide and / or polyimide, fluororesin and metal powder are dissolved or dispersed in an organic solvent. However, in the invention of this patent, since the dispersion medium is an organic solvent such as N-methylpyrrolidone and the binder resin is dissolved in the solvent, it is difficult to increase the solid content of the paint. Moreover, it is necessary to improve the composition of the dispersion medium from the viewpoint of environmental problems that have become a major social problem in recent years.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention is intended to provide a primer composition for coating a fluororesin that is excellent in adhesion to a substrate, is excellent in corrosion resistance and steam resistance, does not cause environmental problems, and is excellent in workability. is there.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The inventors of the present invention are polyethersulfone that is excellent in steam resistance but poor in corrosion resistance as a plastic component responsible for adhesion to the substrate, and conversely, polyamideimide that has good corrosion resistance but poor steam resistance and By mixing and mixing polyimide in an aqueous medium in a particulate state at a certain ratio that makes the best use of the characteristics of both, and forming a film at the time of film formation, the characteristics of both resins having poor compatibility can be obtained. It has been found that the above-mentioned problems of the conventional fluoropolymer resin film primer composition can be solved.
[0008]
In addition, since it is an aqueous dispersion, the resin component is not dissolved in the solvent as in the case of the solvent-based primer composition, and a high solid (high solid content) can be achieved. In terms of solidification, it greatly contributes to the resolution of environmental problems that have become a major social problem in recent years, and at the same time, the simplicity and safety of painting work can be improved.
[0009]
That is, the present invention comprises polyethersulfone, polyamideimide and / or polyimide, and a fluororesin dispersed in water, and the weight ratio of polyethersulfone to polyamideimide and / or polyimide is 85:15 to 65:35. And providing a water-based primer composition for coating a fluororesin in which the weight ratio of polyethersulfone and polyamideimide and / or polyimide to the total fluororesin is 15:85 to 35:65.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
As described above, in the present invention, the weight ratio of polyethersulfone to polyamideimide and / or polyimide is usually in the range of 85:15 to 65:35, preferably in the range of 80:20 to 65:35. If the proportion of the polyethersulfone is larger than this range, the corrosion resistance, which is one of the important performances as a fluororesin coating primer, is extremely lowered. On the other hand, when the ratio of polyamideimide and / or polyimide is large, the degree of freedom of the color tone of the coating film is limited due to discoloration during firing, and when a molten resin-based topcoat such as PFA powder is applied, it is resistant to steam. Decreases.
[0011]
In the present invention, the total weight ratio of polyethersulfone and polyamideimide and / or polyimide to the fluororesin is usually in the range of 15:85 to 35:65, preferably in the range of 20:80 to 35:65. When the ratio of the fluororesin is larger than this range, the adhesion of the primer to the substrate is lowered, and thus the corrosion resistance is lowered. On the other hand, if the proportion of the fluororesin is less than this range, adhesion to the topcoat fluororesin coating will decrease and peeling will occur between the layers, or steam resistance and corrosion resistance will decrease, causing blisters from the layers Cause.
[0012]
Although the solid content concentration of the primer composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, it is preferably 50% by weight or less, for example, 40% by weight or less from the viewpoint of handleability during preparation of the composition, transportation and coating.
[0013]
The kind of fluororesin contained in the primer composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, and any fluororesin conventionally used for a primer for coating fluororesin can be used. For example, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), modified PTFE, trifluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (FEP), tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (PFA) and the like can be used. Furthermore, a fluororesin in which the resin particles have a core-shell structure can also be used. These fluororesins are used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0014]
In the present invention, polyethersulfone, polyamideimide and / or polyimide, which are binder components, are pulverized and stabilized in a dispersed state in water. Therefore, if the particle size is too large, the dispersion stability is lowered and precipitation is likely to occur. In addition, if the particle size is too large, the surface smoothness is also reduced when the film is formed. Furthermore, when the particle size is large, the characteristics of each binder resin before blending remain, and the desired physical properties of the coating film may not be obtained. Therefore, the average particle size of polyethersulfone and polyamideimide or polyimide in the primer composition is usually 8 μm or less, preferably 5 μm or less. On the other hand, when the particle size is small, there is no problem with respect to the surface smoothness, but the thixotropic property of the composition increases, and the viscosity of the composition also increases and handling and coating are difficult. The range is generally 0.5 μm or more and 8 μm or less.
[0015]
In the primer composition of the present invention, in addition to the binder component and the fluororesin component, conventional additives blended in the fluororesin-coated aqueous primer can be blended.
For example, a pigment can be blended for coloring. As the pigment, inorganic pigments and carbon black that are stable even at high temperatures are mainly used. However, since the corrosion resistance is lowered by the addition of the pigment, the amount of the pigment added should preferably not exceed 20% by weight of the resin component.
[0016]
It is also possible to add metallic powder having a glittering feeling such as aluminum metallic or stainless steel powder. Polyethersulfone is a resin with excellent transparency, and the primer composition of the present invention based on this resin can also give a glittering film even when the topcoat is a clear film by adding metal powder. Can do. Since the corrosion resistance of the primer may be lowered by the addition of these metal powders, the amount added is preferably 10% by weight or less with respect to the resin component.
[0017]
It is also preferable to add a surfactant as an additive in order to improve the dispersion stability of the resin. As the surfactant, a nonionic surfactant or an anionic surfactant can be used. The addition amount is preferably 1 to 15% by weight with respect to the solid content of the paint.
[0018]
The primer composition of the present invention can be adjusted in viscosity by adding a water-soluble polymer compound for the purpose of improving workability in the painting operation and ensuring the storage stability of the composition. However, depending on the thermal decomposability of the water-soluble polymer compound, the thermal decomposition product may cause a decrease in corrosion resistance. Examples of water-soluble polymer compounds that can be used include polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, methyl cellulose, and hydroxyethyl cellulose, but other water-soluble polymer compounds can also be used.
Furthermore, commonly used paint additives such as a leveling agent, an antifoaming agent, and an anti-settling agent can be added to the composition of the present invention as necessary.
[0019]
Although the dispersion medium of the primer composition of the present invention is water, polar organic solvents such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), dimethylacetamide, and dimethylformamide are used for the purpose of assisting the film forming property of the film after coating. May be added to the composition.
The addition amount of the polar solvent varies depending on the type, but if the addition amount is small, there is no effect of forming a film, and if it is too much, the surface of the dispersed polyethersulfone, polyamideimide, or polyimide particles is dissolved to form a composition. The stability becomes worse. In general, the amount of organic solvent is suitably up to 50% by weight of water. For example, in the case of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, it is added in the range of 5 to 50% by weight with respect to water.
[0020]
The primer composition of the present invention can be prepared by the following method.
First, the polyethersulfone and water are put into a suitable pulverizer such as a ball mill, and pulverized until the polyethersulfone has the above preferred particle size. In this case, a polar organic solvent is added as desired.
Polyamideimide and / or polyimide can be pulverized by the same method. When polyamideimide and / or polyimide are dissolved in a solvent, the solution is added to water to precipitate the resin, and then the polyamideimide and / or polyimide is as described above using a suitable pulverizer such as a ball mill. Grind until a small particle size is obtained.
Next, the polyethersulfone aqueous dispersion and the polyamideimide and / or polyimide aqueous dispersion obtained as described above are mixed with a fluororesin dispersion to obtain the primer composition of the present invention.
[0021]
The primer composition of the present invention is applied to a substrate in the same manner as a conventional aqueous primer composition, dried and baked to form a primer on the substrate surface.
[0022]
The primer composition of this invention does not choose the kind of top coat fluororesin formed on a primer. That is, it can be used as a primer for PTFE-based, PFA-based and FEP-based aqueous dispersion topcoats, PFA-based and FEP-based powder coatings, and fluororesin films.
[0023]
The aqueous primer composition for coating fluororesin of the present invention is excellent in workability and environmental performance, and the fluororesin film formed on the primer layer formed from this aqueous primer composition is required for rice cookers, grill pans and the like. Excellent steam and corrosion resistance.
[0024]
【Example】
EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. “%” And “parts” are based on weight.
[0025]
Preparation of Aqueous Dispersion of Polyethersulfone 60 g of polyethersulfone (hereinafter referred to as “PES”) 5003P (manufactured by ICI) and 60 g of ion-exchanged water were used in a ceramic ball mill until the PES particles were completely ground ( Milling was performed for about 10 minutes, and then 180 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (hereinafter referred to as “NMP”) was added thereto, followed by further 48 hours of milling.
The obtained dispersion was further pulverized with a sand mill for 7 passes to obtain an aqueous dispersion having a PES concentration of about 20%. The particle size of PES in the dispersion was 2-3 μm. The obtained dispersion is hereinafter referred to as “aqueous PES dispersion”. This aqueous PES dispersion was used for the preparation of compositions in the following Examples and Comparative Examples.
[0026]
Preparation of Polyamideimide Aqueous Dispersion A commercially available polyamideimide (hereinafter referred to as “PAI”) resin solution (NMP solution having a solid content of 29% by weight) was poured into water to precipitate the resin. This was pulverized for a predetermined time in a ball mill to obtain a dispersion having an average particle diameter of 2 μm. The solid content of the obtained dispersion was 20% by weight. This dispersion is hereinafter referred to as “aqueous PAI dispersion”. This aqueous PAI dispersion was used for the preparation of compositions in the following examples and comparative examples.
[0027]
Example 1
An aqueous PES dispersion and an aqueous PAI dispersion were mixed so that the weight ratio of PES to PAI solids was 85:15, and PTFE dispersion (solid content 60% by weight) was mixed with the total solids of PAI and PES. Add the weight ratio of fluororesin solids (PES + PAI: fluororesin) to 20:80 and add polyvinyl alcohol as a thickener to increase viscosity to 135 centipoise (B-type viscometer, # 2 rotor; 60 revolutions) To obtain an aqueous dispersion having a solid content of 34% by weight.
[0028]
Example 2
An aqueous PES dispersion and an aqueous PAI dispersion were mixed so that the weight ratio of PES to PAI solid content was 75:25, and PTFE dispersion (solid content 60% by weight) was mixed with the total solid content of PAI and PES. In addition to the weight ratio of fluororesin solids to 20:80, the viscosity was adjusted to 130 centipoise (B-type viscometer, #rotor; 60 rotations) using polyvinyl alcohol as a thickener to obtain a solid. A dispersion having a weight of 34% by weight was obtained.
[0029]
Example 3
An aqueous PES dispersion and an aqueous PAI dispersion were mixed so that the weight ratio of PES to PAI solid content was 65:35, and PTFE dispersion (solid content 60% by weight) was mixed with the total solid content of PAI and PES. In addition to the weight ratio of fluororesin solids to 20:80, the viscosity is adjusted to 120 centipoise (B type viscometer, # 2 rotor; 60 rotations) using polyvinyl alcohol as a thickener, A dispersion having a solid content of 30% by weight was obtained.
[0030]
Example 4
An aqueous PES dispersion and an aqueous PAI dispersion were mixed so that the weight ratio of PES to PAI solid content was 75:25, and PTFE dispersion (solid content 60% by weight) was mixed with the total solid content of PAI and PES. In addition to the weight ratio of fluororesin solids to 15:85, the viscosity was adjusted to 130 centipoise (B-type viscometer, # 2 rotor; 60 rotations) using methylcellulose as a thickener to obtain a solid A dispersion of 37% by weight was obtained.
[0031]
Example 5
An aqueous PES dispersion and an aqueous PAI dispersion were mixed so that the weight ratio of PES to PAI solid content was 75:25, and PTFE dispersion (solid content 60% by weight) was mixed with the total solid content of PAI and PES. In addition to the weight ratio of fluororesin solids to 25:75, the viscosity was adjusted to 135 centipoise (B-type viscometer, # 2 rotor; 60 rotations) using methylcellulose as a thickener to obtain a solid. A dispersion having a weight of 34% by weight was obtained.
[0032]
Example 6
An aqueous PES dispersion and an aqueous PAI dispersion were mixed so that the weight ratio of PES to PAI solid content was 75:25, and PTFE dispersion (solid content 60% by weight) was mixed with the total solid content of PAI and PES. In addition to the weight ratio of the fluororesin solids to 35:65, the viscosity was adjusted to 130 centipoise (B-type viscometer, # 2 rotor; 60 rotations) using methylcellulose as a thickener to obtain a solid A dispersion having a weight of 34% by weight was obtained.
[0033]
Comparative Example 1
PTFE dispersion (solid content 60 wt%) is added to the aqueous PES dispersion so that the weight ratio of PES to PTFE solid content is 20:80, and the viscosity is 130 centipoise (B) using polyvinyl alcohol as a thickener. Type viscometer, # 2 rotor; 60 revolutions) to obtain a dispersion having a solid content of 34% by weight.
[0034]
Comparative Example 2
PTFE dispersion (solid content 60 wt%) is added to the aqueous PAI dispersion so that the weight ratio of PAI to PTFE solid content is 20:80, and the viscosity is 140 centipoise (B) using polyvinyl alcohol as a thickener. Type viscometer, # 2 rotor; 60 revolutions) to obtain a dispersion having a solid content of 34% by weight.
[0035]
Comparative Example 3
An aqueous PES dispersion and an aqueous PAI dispersion were mixed so that the weight ratio of PES to PAI solid content was 50:50, and PTFE dispersion (solid content 60% by weight) was mixed with the total solid content of PAI and PES. In addition to the weight ratio of fluororesin solids to 20:80, the viscosity was adjusted to 135 centipoise (B type viscometer, # 2 rotor; 60 rotations) using polyvinyl alcohol as a thickener, A dispersion having a solid content of 34% by weight was obtained.
[0036]
Comparative Example 4
PES5003P was dissolved in NMP to prepare a solution having a solid content of 20% by weight. To this, NMP and fluororesin (FEP powder) were added so that the solids weight ratio of PES to fluororesin was 20:80 and dispersed in a ball mill to obtain a dispersion having a solid content of 18% by weight. The viscosity of the obtained dispersion was 180 centipoise (B-type viscometer, # 2 rotor; 60 revolutions).
[0037]
Comparative Example 5
PES5003P was dissolved in NMP to prepare a solution having a solid content of 20% by weight. To this, an NMP solution of polyamideimide was added at a solid content weight ratio of 75:25, and NMP and fluororesin (FEP powder) were further added in a weight ratio of the total solid content of PAI and PES to the fluororesin solid content. Was dispersed in a ball mill to obtain a dispersion having a solid content of 18% by weight. The viscosity of the obtained dispersion was 165 centipoise (B-type viscometer, # 2 rotor; 60 revolutions).
[0038]
Preparation of test plate:
Using each of the dispersions obtained in the above Examples and Comparative Examples as a primer composition, a test coating plate was obtained by the following procedure.
The surface of a pure aluminum plate (A-1050P) as a base material was degreased with acetone and then roughened by sandblasting so that the surface roughness Ra was 2.5 μm to 3.5 μm. After removing dust on the surface by air blowing, each dispersion was applied to a (dry) film thickness of 10 μm.
After infrared drying at about 100 ° C., PFA powder paint (ACX-31) was applied as a top coat and baked at 380 ° C. for 20 minutes. The film thickness of the top coat was 40 μm.
[0039]
Test method:
The performance of the coating film was measured and evaluated as follows.
Corrosion resistance of oden The flaw which reaches a base material by the crosscut with the cutter knife was put into the coating-film surface of a test plate. This test plate was immersed in a solution obtained by dissolving 20 g of Oden element (manufactured by Suzu Foods Co., Ltd.) in 1 liter of water and kept at 70 ° C. to check whether there was any abnormality such as occurrence of blisters every 100 hours. Table 1 shows the time during which a normal coating film was maintained.
[0040]
Steam resistance test The test plate was allowed to stand in steam at 6 atmospheres for 8 hours, taken out, and then heated to 250C for 2 minutes. The test was repeated by repeating this up to 20 cycles to examine whether or not blisters were generated.
Those in which blisters did not occur after 20 cycles were evaluated as “pass”, those in which blisters occurred were determined as “fail”, and are shown in Table 1 together with the number of cycles in which blisters occurred.
[0041]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004221773

Claims (3)

ポリエーテルスルホン、ポリアミドイミドおよび/またはポリイミド、並びにフッ素樹脂を水に分散してなり、かつポリエーテルスルホンのポリアミドイミドおよび/またはポリイミドに対する重量比が85:15〜65:35で、ポリエーテルスルホンとポリアミドイミドおよび/またはポリイミドとの合計のフッ素樹脂に対する重量比が15:85〜35:65であるフッ素樹脂被覆用水性プライマー組成物。Polyethersulfone, polyamideimide and / or polyimide, and fluororesin dispersed in water, and the weight ratio of polyethersulfone to polyamideimide and / or polyimide is 85:15 to 65:35, An aqueous primer composition for coating a fluororesin having a weight ratio of 15:85 to 35:65 with respect to the total fluororesin of polyamideimide and / or polyimide. ポリエーテルスルホン、並びにポリアミドイミドおよび/またはポリイミドの平均粒子径が0.5μm〜8μmである請求項1に記載のフッ素樹脂被覆用水性プライマー組成物。2. The aqueous primer composition for coating a fluororesin according to claim 1, wherein the polyethersulfone and the polyamideimide and / or polyimide have an average particle diameter of 0.5 μm to 8 μm. 水に対して50重量%までの極性有機溶剤をさらに含む請求項1に記載のフッ素樹脂被覆用水性プライマー組成物。The aqueous primer composition for coating a fluororesin according to claim 1, further comprising up to 50% by weight of a polar organic solvent based on water.
JP15744398A 1998-06-05 1998-06-05 Aqueous primer composition for fluororesin coating Expired - Lifetime JP4221773B2 (en)

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PCT/JP1999/002915 WO1999064523A1 (en) 1998-06-05 1999-06-01 Water-based primer composition for fluororesin coating
EP99922622A EP1103582B1 (en) 1998-06-05 1999-06-01 Water-based primer composition for fluororesin coating
CNB99806999XA CN1175060C (en) 1998-06-05 1999-06-01 Water-based primer composition for fluororesin coating
US09/701,872 US6333372B1 (en) 1998-06-05 1999-06-01 Water-based primer composition for fluororesin coating
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