JP4210483B2

JP4210483B2 - Cutting blade replacement device, its driving device and replacement method

Info

Publication number: JP4210483B2
Application number: JP2002212712A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 直哉和田
Original assignee: Kinki KK
Current assignee: Kinki KK
Priority date: 2002-07-22
Filing date: 2002-07-22
Publication date: 2009-01-21
Anticipated expiration: 2022-07-22
Also published as: JP2004050095A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本願発明は、剪断作用によりシート状物等の各種被破砕物を破砕する剪断式破砕機の切断刃を交換するための切断刃交換装置とその駆動装置に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来から、剪断力を利用してプラスチックや木片、紙、金属、ゴム、繊維、皮革等のあらゆる被破砕物を破砕する剪断式の破砕機（シュレッダー）が知られている。
【０００３】
このような破砕機の切断刃は、駆動軸に設けられた刃物取付台に取付けられており、外側から半径方向にボルト等の固定手段で固定されている。この切断刃は、駆動軸で回転させることによって様々な被破砕物を剪断破砕している。
【０００４】
この種の発明として、例えば、本出願人が先に出願した実開平４−１３１４４３号公報に記載された考案がある。この考案のシュレッダー用切断刃は、図１０に示す剪断式破砕機の平面図と、図１１に示す同剪断式破砕機の切断刃とスペーサとの関係を示す正面図のように、駆動軸１０１と従動軸１０２の軸方向に複数の刃物取付台１０３とスペーサ１０４とが並設され、刃物取付台１０３に取付けられた切断刃１０５が隣接するスペーサ１０４の間に取付けられている。
【０００５】
これらの軸１０１，１０２に設けられて対向する切断刃１０５は、例えば０．５〜１ｍｍ程度の微少な隙間でラップした状態で配設されており、切断刃１０５の先端および側部の角部で被破砕物が剪断破砕される。この破砕は、いわゆる、鋏のような剪断作用によって破砕するものである。
【０００６】
このようにして被破砕物を剪断破砕する切断刃１０５は、軸方向にスペーサ１０４で挟むようにして複数のボルトで取付けることにより、このスペーサ１０４によって位置決めと剪断時の横荷重が支持されている。
【０００７】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、この種の剪断式破砕機で破砕する被破砕物は種々雑多な物があり、そのような被破砕物を長期間破砕していると、切断刃１０５の間に被破砕物が付着したり、被破砕物中の水分等によって切断刃１０５と刃物取付台１０３とが錆等によって密着してしまう場合がある。
【０００８】
一方、このように剪断破砕する切断刃１０５は、プラスチックや木材等の雑多な被破砕物を破砕するため、一部が破損したり短時間で摩耗する場合がある。この切断刃１０５が摩耗する場合は先端および側部の角部から摩耗するが、角部の摩耗量が多くなると剪断破砕能力が大幅に落ちてしまうため、破砕能力を維持するために摩耗した切断刃１０５を交換しなければならない。しかも、このような切断刃１０５の交換は、切断刃１０５の一部が損傷した場合でも早期にその切断刃１０５を交換しなければならない場合もある。
【０００９】
しかしながら、前記したように切断刃１０５が錆等で刃物取付台１０３に密着している場合、切断刃１０５を刃物取付台１０３から分離させるのは非常に困難な作業となる。しかも、切断刃１０５の両側部に前記したようにスペーサ１０４が設けられている場合には、このスペーサ１０４と切断刃１０５とが錆等で密着してしまうので、この点からも非常に困難な作業となる。特に、切断刃１０５を刃物取付台１０３の全周に密着させて設けている場合には最初の１個が困難で、この最初の切断刃１０５の交換作業に多くの時間と労力を要することとなる。
【００１０】
その上、図示するような切断刃１０５の場合、通常、刃物取付台１０３の全周を囲うように複数の切断刃１０５が複数のボルトによって取付けられているとともに、剪断破砕時の荷重支持のために回転後方側に係合段部１０５ａが設けられているので、前方から外そうとすると隣接する切断刃１０５に当接して外すことができず、後方から外そうとすると係合段部１０５ａが当接（回転しようとする）して外すことができないため、切断刃１０５を取外すには切断刃１０５全体をほぼ均等に刃物取付台１０３の半径方向へ外さなければならない。しかし、前記したように錆付いている場合には、このように全体をほぼ均等に半径方向へ取外す作業は非常に困難である。
【００１１】
また、このように切断刃１０５が錆等で強固に密着してしまっている場合には、軸１０１，１０２を分解しなければならない場合もある。そのため、切断刃１０５の交換作業を行う間は破砕機が停止した状態となり、破砕機の稼働率を大幅に低下させてしまう。
【００１２】
【課題を解決するための手段】
そこで、前記課題を解決するために、本願発明の切断刃交換装置は、切断刃を固定する固定ボルト孔に挿入する深さ調節ピンと、該深さ調節ピンの上部の固定ボルト孔に挿入するガイド部材と、該ガイド部材の外周でネジ機構によって軸方向に移動可能な移動部材と、該移動部材の軸方向移動で前記固定ボルト孔の内周に外周が密接する押圧部材と、該押圧部材の軸方向移動を抑止して前記移動部材を軸方向に移動させる移動操作部材とを設けている。これにより、切断刃を取付けている固定ボルト孔の内周に押圧部材の外周を密接させて押圧部材と切断刃とを一体的に接合し、この押圧部材をネジ機構によってガイド部材の軸方向に移動させることによって、押圧部材とともに切断刃を刃物取付台から容易に取外して交換することができる。
【００１３】
前記深さ調節ピンを、上端位置が前記固定ボルト孔の座面位置よりも所定量深くなる長さで形成し、該深さ調節ピンの上端と前記ガイド部材の下端との接触面を球面部に形成すれば、押圧部材の長さを固定ボルト孔の座面よりも所定量深くなる長さで抑え、押圧部材がねじり荷重によって変形するのを効果的に防止することができる。
【００１４】
また、前記ガイド部材の外周と移動部材の内周との間に台形ネジでネジ機構を形成すれば、切断刃が錆等で強固に刃物取付台と密着してしまった場合でも、正確な送り量と強力な送り力で切断刃を安定して取外すことができる。
【００１５】
さらに、前記移動部材と押圧部材との間に、該移動部材と押圧部材との相対的な回転を抑止する回転抑止機構を設ければ、移動部材によって押圧部材を移動部材のネジ機構で軸方向に移動させる時に、押圧部材が移動部材とともに回転するのを防止することができる。
【００１６】
また、前記ガイド部材の下部外周にネジ部を形成し、前記移動部材の下部内周に該ガイド部材のネジ部と螺合するネジ部を形成し、該移動部材の下部外周と前記押圧部材の下部内周とにほぼ同一のテーパ面を形成し、該押圧部材の外周を前記固定ボルト孔に挿入可能な外径で形成し、前記移動部材の上部外周にネジ部を形成し、該移動部材のネジ部に螺合して該移動部材を前記押圧部材の軸方向へ移動させる移動操作部材を設ければ、移動操作部材でガイド部材の軸方向に移動部材を移動させることにより、この移動部材がネジ部に作用する大きな力で押圧部材の下部外面を固定ボルト孔の内面に密接させるので、押圧部材と固定ボルト孔との一体的な密接が容易に可能であり、一体的に接合した切断刃をガイド部材の軸方向に移動させて取外すときに作用する取外し力に対抗可能な密接力を得ることが容易にできる。
【００１７】
さらに、前記固定ボルト孔の内周および／または前記押圧部材の外周に滑り止め加工を施せば、固定ボルト孔の内周と押圧部材の外周とをより強固に接合させることができる。
【００１８】
また、本願発明の切断刃交換装置の駆動装置は、前記いずれかの切断刃交換装置を複数同時に駆動する駆動装置であって、切断刃に設けた複数の固定ボルト孔に装着した前記切断刃交換装置のガイド部材上部と周方向にそれぞれ係合する係合部材と、該それぞれの係合部材を同一方向に同期させて回転させる駆動機構と、該駆動機構を駆動する駆動部材とを設けている。これにより、複数の固定ボルト孔に装着した切断刃交換装置のガイド部材上部を同一方向へ同期させて回転させることができるので、複数のガイド部材に沿うようにほぼ均等に切断刃全体を移動させて取外すことができる。
【００１９】
さらに、前記駆動機構を設けるケーシングを設け、該駆動機構を、前記駆動部材で駆動する駆動歯車と、該駆動歯車と噛合する中間歯車と、該中間歯車と噛合して前記駆動歯車と同期して回転する従動歯車とで構成し、前記駆動歯車を支持する駆動軸のケーシングからの突出量を小さくし、前記従動歯車を支持する従動軸のケーシングからの突出量を大きくし、該駆動軸と従動軸とに前記係合部材を設ければ、切断刃の取外し時に大トルクが必要な固定ボルト孔位置の切断刃交換装置に突出量が小さい駆動軸の係合部材を係合し、他の切断刃交換装置に受動軸の係合部材を係合して駆動することにより、歯車機構によって切断刃全体をほぼ均等に取外すための大きな力をバランスよく作用させることができる。
【００２０】
また、前記駆動機構を設けるケーシングを設け、該駆動機構を、前記駆動部材で駆動する駆動プーリと、該駆動プーリで駆動するベルトと、該ベルトで前記駆動プーリと同期して回転する従動プーリと、該駆動プーリと従動プーリとの間でベルトに所定の張力を与えるテンションプーリとで構成し、前記駆動プーリを支持する駆動軸のケーシングからの突出量を小さくし、前記従動プーリを支持する従動軸のケーシングからの突出量を大きくし、該駆動軸と従動軸とに前記係合部材を設けるようにしても、切断刃の取外し時に大トルクが必要な固定ボルト孔位置の切断刃交換装置に突出量が小さい駆動軸の係合部材を係合し、他の切断刃交換装置に受動軸の係合部材を係合して駆動することにより、ベルト機構によって切断刃全体をほぼ均等に取外すための力をバランスよく作用させることができる。このベルトとしては、タイミングベルトが同期させるのに好ましいが、必要な力の大きさによりＶベルトで同期させるようにしてもよい。
【００２１】
さらに、前記駆動機構を設けるケーシングを設け、該駆動機構を、前記駆動部材で駆動する駆動スプロケットと、該駆動スプロケットで駆動するチェーンと、該チェーンで前記駆動スプロケットと同期して回転する従動スプロケットと、該駆動スプロケットと従動スプロケットとの間でチェーンに所定の張力を与えるテンションローラとで構成し、前記駆動スプロケットを支持する駆動軸のケーシングからの突出量を小さくし、前記従動スプロケットを支持する従動軸のケーシングからの突出量を大きくし、該駆動軸と従動軸とに前記係合部材を設けるようにしても、切断刃の取外し時に大トルクが必要な固定ボルト孔位置の切断刃交換装置に駆動軸の係合部材を係合し、他の切断刃交換装置に受動軸の係合部材を係合して駆動することにより、切断刃全体をほぼ均等に取外すための力をバランスよく作用させることができる。
【００２２】
一方、本願発明の切断刃交換方法は、切断刃の固定ボルトを取外した後の複数の固定ボルト孔に所定の深さ調節ピンをそれぞれ挿入し、該深さ調節ピンの上端に下端が当接するようにガイド部材をそれぞれ挿入し、該ガイド部材の外周でそれぞれの移動部材をネジ機構で軸方向に移動させることによって押圧部材の下部を広げて固定ボルト孔の内面に密接させて一体的に接合した後、それぞれのガイド部材の上部に係合部材を係合させ、該係合部材を同一回転方向に同期させて回転させることにより、前記ガイド部材のネジ機構によってそれぞれの移動部材を同期させて軸方向に移動して押圧部材と一体的に切断刃を半径方向へ取外すようにしている。これにより、複数の固定ボルト孔に深さ調節ピンとガイド部材を挿入し、挿入したそれぞれのガイド部材の外周でネジ機構により移動部材を軸方向に移動させれば、この移動部材が押圧部材を固定ボルト孔の内面に密接させて一体的に接合することができるので、それぞれのガイド部材の上部を係合部材で同一方向に同期させて回転させることにより、それぞれのガイド部材に沿って押圧部材と一体的に接合された切断刃をガイド部材の軸方向へほぼ均等に移動させて取外すことが容易にできる。
【００２３】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本願発明の一実施形態を図面に基づいて説明する。図１は本願発明の一実施形態に係る切断刃交換装置を示す図面であり、(a) は分解図、(b) は(a) に示すＡ−Ａ断面図である。図２は図１に示す切断刃交換装置に本願発明の第１実施形態に係る切断刃交換装置の駆動装置を装着した状態の断面図であり、図３は同図に示す切断刃交換装置の駆動装置の平面図である。この実施形態では、２本のボルトで固定された切断刃を交換する例を説明する。
【００２４】
図１(a) に示す分解図のように、この切断刃交換装置１は、棒状のガイド部材２と、このガイド部材２の外周でネジ機構によって軸方向に移動する移動部材３と、この移動部材３の外周で移動部材３の軸方向移動によって下部が拡径する押圧部材４と、この押圧部材４の上部で移動部材３の上部ネジ部６に螺合して移動部材３を軸方向に移動させる移動操作部材５と、前記ガイド部材２の先端側に挿入する深さ調節ピン７とから構成されている。
【００２５】
図２に示すように、前記移動部材３の外周に押圧部材４を挿入し、移動部材３の上部のネジ部６に移動操作部材５を螺合し、これらをガイド部材２に挿入して移動部材３のネジ部９をガイド部材２のネジ部８に螺合させれば、深さ調節ピン７以外が一体となったセット状態の切断刃交換装置１が構成される。深さ調節ピン７は、これらとは別体で構成されている。切断刃１０を取外す時には、切断刃１０の固定ボルト（図示略）を取外した後、固定ボルト孔１１にこの深さ調節ピン７が挿入され、その上部から前記セット状態の切断刃交換装置１が挿入される。この実施形態では、両方の深さ調節ピン７の上端が固定ボルト孔１１の座面１２よりも所定量深い距離となるように、異なった長さの深さ調節ピン７Ａ，７Ｂが用いられている。
【００２６】
図１(a),(b) と図２に示すように、前記ガイド部材２は、下部外周に前記ネジ部８が形成され、上部１３が六角に形成された棒状の部材で構成されている。このネジ部８は、正確な送り量と大きな送り力が得られるように台形ネジ（３０°台形ネジ）で形成されているが、他のネジであってもよい。このガイド部材２の下端は、球面部１４に形成されている。
【００２７】
前記移動部材３は、内径がガイド部材２の外径とほぼ同等に形成されており、下部内周にガイド部材２のネジ部８に螺合する前記ネジ部９が形成されている。このネジ部９も台形ネジであり、これらネジ部９，８とでネジ機構が構成されている。また、下部外面に所定のテーパ面１５が形成されている。
【００２８】
前記押圧部材４は、下部内面に前記移動部材３のテーパ面１５に沿うテーパ面１６が形成され、外面が固定ボルト孔１１の内面に近接するような外径の筒状に構成されている。この押圧部材４の軸方向中央上部には小径部１７が形成され、この小径部１７から押圧部材４の下端に向けて周囲に６本の切り欠き溝１８が形成されている。この切り欠き溝１８で切られて６分割された部分が、テーパ面１６が移動部材３のテーパ面１５で押圧されることによって半径方向に拡径する押圧部１９となっている。この押圧部１９の上部に小径部１７を形成することにより、押圧部１９の安定した弾性変化が可能なようにしている。この実施形態では、押圧部材４の押圧部１９外面に、滑り止め効果を向上させるための滑り止め加工としてローレット加工２０が施されている。なお、この滑り止め加工としては、押圧部１９の外面と固定ボルト孔１１の内面とに凹凸部を形成したり、固定ボルト孔１１の内面を下方が広がるテーパ状に形成したりしてもよく、押圧部１９と固定ボルト孔１１との間の摩擦力が増加するような加工であればよい。
【００２９】
また、小径部１７の上部に形成された筒状部２１には、この押圧部材４の回転を抑止するための回転抑止部材２２が設けられている。この回転抑止部材２２は、筒状部２１に設けられたネジ孔２３に螺合させるネジ部２４を先端に有する棒状の部材であり、ネジ部２４を螺合させることによってネジ部先端に設けた突出部２５が押圧部材４の内面に突出するように構成されている。この突出部２５は、前記移動部材３の所定位置に設けられた軸方向に延びるガイド溝２６と係合するように構成されている。この移動部材３に設けられたガイド溝２６に押圧部材４から突出部２５を係合させることにより、押圧部材４と移動部材３との相対的な回転を抑止し、軸方向移動のみを許容するようにしている。これらが回転抑止機構である。移動部材３に設けられたガイド溝２６の長さは、移動部材３のテーパ面１５で押圧部材４の押圧部１９を所定量拡径できる長さに設定される。
【００３０】
前記移動操作部材５は、押圧部材４の内部に設けられた移動部材３の上部に設けられており、移動部材３の上部に設けられた前記上部ネジ部６に螺合するネジ部２７が内面に形成されている。外面はスパナ等の工具で回転させることが可能なように６角形で形成されている。
【００３１】
前記深さ調節ピン７Ａ，７Ｂは、上端が前記ガイド部材２の下端に形成された球面部１４とほぼ等しい球面部２８に形成されている。また、深さ調節ピン７Ａ，７Ｂの長さは、この実施形態では、図２に示すように、球面部２８が固定ボルト孔１１の座面１２よりも所定量深い位置となるような長さで形成されており、それぞれの固定ボルト孔１１に挿入される深さ調節ピン７Ａ，７Ｂが座面１２と同様の条件となるように形成されている。深さ調節ピン７Ａ，７Ｂの下端も球面に形成されている。
【００３２】
図２に示すように、このように切断刃１０の固定ボルト孔１１にそれぞれ装着される切断刃交換装置１の上部に、これらの切断刃交換装置１を同期させて駆動する駆動装置３１が装着される。この駆動装置３１は、複数の切断刃１０が、軸方向に設けられたスペーサ２９によって挟まれた刃物取付台３０の周方向に分割して取付けられ、しかも、各切断刃１０が隣接する他の切断刃１０との間に突起等が生じないように密着して取付けられているため、この切断刃１０を刃物取付台３０から半径方向に真っ直ぐ抜くように、両切断刃交換装置１を同期させて駆動するものである。この図に示す第１実施形態の駆動装置３１では、刃物取付台３０の周方向に分割して取付けられた複数の切断刃１０から最初の１個を取外す場合を説明する。
【００３３】
図示するように、駆動装置３１は、刃物取付台３０から取外したい切断刃１０の固定ボルトを取外し、その固定ボルト孔１１に深さ調節ピン７Ａ，７Ｂを挿入し、その上部から切断刃交換装置１を挿入して、深さ調節ピン７Ａ，７Ｂの球面部２８にガイド部材２の球面部１４を当接させ、この切断刃交換装置１の上部に装着されている。
【００３４】
前記駆動装置３１は、図３にも示すように、上面が開放して中央部が凹状に形成されたケーシング３２内に、前記それぞれの切断刃交換装置１のほぼ軸心上に位置するようなピッチで設けられた駆動軸３３と従動軸３４と、これら駆動軸３３と従動軸３４とに設けられた駆動歯車３５と従動歯車３６と、これら駆動歯車３５と従動歯車３６とを同一方向に回転させるための中間歯車３７とが設けられている。この中間歯車３７は中間軸３８によって支持されている。これにより、駆動軸３３と従動軸３４とが同一方向に同期して回転するように構成されている。これら駆動軸３３と従動軸３４とは、ケーシング３２と、このケーシング３２の開放側を塞ぐ蓋部材３９とに設けられた軸受４０によって回転可能に支持されており、これら駆動軸３３と従動軸３４とに、キー４１で前記駆動歯車３５と従動歯車３６とが固定されている。なお、４２は蓋部材３９に設けられた取っ手であり、駆動装置３１の搬送や装着時の作業性向上を図っている。また、中間軸３８は、ケーシング３２と蓋部材３９とによって支持され、この中間軸３８の外周に設けられたベアリング４３によって中間歯車３７が回転可能に支持されている。なお、駆動軸３３と従動軸３４と中間軸３８との所定位置には、各軸３３，３４，３８又は軸受４０，４３が軸方向に移動しないようにＣ型止め輪４４が取付けられている。
【００３５】
さらに、前記駆動軸３３と従動軸３４との下端には、切断刃交換装置１のガイド部材上部１３と係合する係合部材４５が設けられている。また、駆動軸３３の上端は蓋部材３９から上方に突出し、上端に６角形で形成された駆動操作部４６が形成されている。この駆動操作部４６を６角形で形成することにより、インパクトレンチやスパナ等の工具で回転駆動させられるようにしている。４７は蓋部材３９の取付ボルトである。
【００３６】
この実施形態では、切断刃１０とスペーサ２９との接触面積が多く大きなトルクが作用する側の切断刃交換装置１のガイド部材上部１３を駆動軸３３で回転させるように、駆動軸３３の突出量を小さくし、従動軸３４の突出量を大きくしている。このように駆動軸３３と従動軸３４との突出量（長さ）を調整することにより、深さの異なる固定ボルト孔１１に同一の切断刃交換装置１を装着した状態で、この切断刃交換装置１の軸心と同軸上に駆動軸３３と従動軸３４の軸心が位置するようにしている。
【００３７】
また、この実施形態では、刃物取付台３０に取付けられた切断刃１０の図の右側の固定ボルト孔１１側が側面のスペーサ２９との接触面が多いため、右側の固定ボルト孔１１に装着された切断刃交換装置１の上部に駆動装置３１の駆動側が位置するように装着されている。
【００３８】
図４は本願発明の第２実施形態に係る切断刃交換装置の駆動装置を示す平面図である。なお、上述した第１実施形態と同一の構成には同一符号を付し、その詳細な説明は省略する。この第２実施形態は、駆動軸３３と従動軸３４とを同一方向に同期させて回転させるための構成が第１実施形態とは異なる。
【００３９】
図示するように、この第２実施形態では、駆動軸３３と従動軸３４とに駆動プーリ４８と従動プーリ４９とを設け、これら駆動プーリ４８と従動プーリ４９との間をタイミングベルト５０で連結している。また、中央部にはテンションプーリ５１を設け、タイミングベルト５０に弛みを生じないようにしている。このテンションプーリ５１をタイミングベルト５０側に押圧する構成は、公知のバネ構造等が採用される。なお、この実施形態ではタイミングベルト５０を用いているが、大きな駆動トルクが必要ない場合には、Ｖベルトを用いてもよい。
【００４０】
図５は本願発明の第３実施形態に係る切断刃交換装置の駆動装置を示す平面図である。なお、この実施形態でも上述した第１実施形態と同一の構成には同一符号を付し、その詳細な説明は省略する。この第３実施形態も、駆動軸３３と従動軸３４とを同一方向に同期させて回転させるための構成が第１実施形態とは異なる。
【００４１】
図示するように、この第３実施形態では、駆動軸３３と従動軸３４とに駆動スプロケット５２と従動スプロケット５３とを設け、これら駆動スプロケット５２と従動スプロケット５３との間をチェーン５４で連結している。また、中央部にはテンションローラ５５を設け、チェーン５４に弛みを生じないようにしている。このテンションローラ５５をチェーン５４側に押圧する構成は、公知のバネ機構等が採用される。
【００４２】
図６は図１に示す切断刃交換装置の使用方法を示す一部断面した正面図であり、図７は図６に続く切断刃交換装置の使用方法を示す一部断面した正面図、図８は図７に示す切断刃交換装置の使用方法に続く駆動装置の使用方法を示す一部断面した正面図、図９は図８に続く切断刃交換装置の駆動装置の使用方法を示す一部断面した正面図である。
【００４３】
図６に示すように、切断刃１０を固定している固定ボルトを外した固定ボルト孔１１に、深さ調節ピン７Ａ，７Ｂを挿入した後、その上部に一体となったセット状態の切断刃交換装置１を挿入する。この時、移動部材３のテーパ面１５と押圧部材４のテーパ面１６とが離れるように、移動操作部材５を緩めて移動部材３の下端をほぼ押圧部材４の下端と同一位置まで下げた状態となっている。この状態では、切断刃交換装置１の押圧部材４の下端が固定ボルト孔１１の座面１２に当接し、ガイド部材２の下端と深さ調節ピン７Ａ，７Ｂの上端との間は隙間が開いた状態である。また、押圧部材４の外径は固定ボルト孔１１の内径よりも僅かに小径で形成されているので、押圧部材４と固定ボルト孔１１との間には僅かな隙間が開いている。
【００４４】
そして、図７に示すように、移動部材３の上部ネジ部６に螺合している移動操作部材５を押圧部材４側に締め付ける（回転させる）ことにより、押圧部材４は下端が固定ボルト孔１１の座面１２に当接しているので、移動部材３が上方へと移動させられる。このようにして移動部材３がガイド部材２の軸方向上向きに移動させられると、移動部材３のテーパ面１５が押圧部材４のテーパ面１６に沿って上方へ移動して、押圧部材４の押圧部１９を外向きに拡径させて押圧することとなる。これにより、押圧部材４の押圧部１９が外向きに広がって固定ボルト孔１１の内面と強固に密接して切断刃交換装置１の装着が完了する。この押圧部１９の密接力は、移動操作部材５のネジ機構によって大きな力を出すことができるので、強固に接合することができる。この密接力は移動操作部材５の締付け力によって調整することができる。
【００４５】
なお、このように移動部材３を上方へ移動させる時に、テーパ面１５，１６に作用する摩擦力で押圧部材４が移動部材３とともに回転してしまう場合には、回転抑止部材２２で押圧部材４の回転を防止しながら移動部材３を上昇させればよい。
【００４６】
このようにして押圧部材４を固定ボルト孔１１の内面に強固に密接させて押圧部材４と切断刃１０とを一体的に接合させたら、ガイド部材２を締めて先端の球面部１４を深さ調節ピン７Ａ，７Ｂの球面部２８に当接させる。
【００４７】
次に、図８に示すように、両方の切断刃交換装置１の上部に突出しているガイド部材２の上部１３に、駆動装置３１に設けられた係合部材４５を係合させて、駆動装置３１を切断刃交換装置１の上部に装着する。この例では、ガイド部材２の上部１３が６角形に形成されているので、係合部材４５にソケットレンチ等の工具を用いることができる。この装着状態では、切断刃交換装置１のガイド部材２の軸心と、駆動装置３１の駆動軸３３，従動軸３４の軸心とがほぼ一致している。
【００４８】
そして、図９に示すように、駆動装置３１の上部か突出している駆動操作部４６を工具５６で回転させることにより、駆動軸３３と従動軸３４とが同一方向に同期して回転し、これら駆動軸３３と従動軸３４とともに回転するガイド部材２のネジ部８に沿って移動部材３が上昇する。この移動部材３の上昇時には、その外周の押圧部材４が固定ボルト孔１１と密接して切断刃１０と一体的に接合されているので、これらが一体となってガイド部材２の軸方向に移動させられる。この切断刃１０の移動は、両方のガイド部材２を同期させて回転させるので、刃物取付台３０の半径方向へ均等に移動させることができる。そのため、一箇所の操作で切断刃１０を隣接する切断刃１０に当接させることがなく、また係合段部１０ａを当接させることもなく、両側部に設けられたスペーサ２９の間から容易に取外すことができる。
【００４９】
この駆動操作部４６を回転させる手段としては、この実施形態では駆動操作部４６を６角形で形成しているので、インパクトレンチやスパナ等の一般工具５６で容易に行うことができる。また、ガイド部材２の下端と深さ調節ピンの上端とは球面部１４，２８で接触しているので、ガイド部材２を回転させても大きな摩擦力を生じることなく容易に回転させることができる。
【００５０】
なお、上述した実施形態では、切断刃１０を２本の固定ボルトで取付けている例を示したが、切断刃１０が２本以上の固定ボルトで取付けられている場合には、駆動装置３１の軸を増やすか、切断刃１０を均等に取外すことができるようにバランスする位置の固定ボルト孔１１を利用するように駆動軸３３と従動軸３４とを配置すればよい。
【００５１】
また、上述した実施形態では刃物取付台３０をスペーサ２９で挟んだ例を示しているが、本願発明は刃物取付台３０に設けられた切断刃１０であれば同様に取外すことができ、上述した実施形態に限定されるものではない。
【００５２】
さらに、上述した実施形態は一実施形態であり、本願発明の要旨を損なわない範囲での種々の変更は可能であり、本願発明は上述した実施形態に限定されるものではない。
【００５３】
【発明の効果】
本願発明は、以上説明したような形態で実施され、以下に記載するような効果を奏する。
【００５４】
切断刃と一体的に接合した押圧部材によって切断刃を刃物取付台から容易に取外すことができるので、切断刃の交換作業を迅速に行うことが可能となる。また、複数の固定ボルト孔に設けた切断刃交換装置を同期させて回転させることにより、切断刃全体を半径方向へ容易に取外すことが可能となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本願発明の一実施形態に係る切断刃交換装置を示す図面であり、(a) は分解図、(b) は(a) に示すＡ−Ａ断面図である。
【図２】図１に示す切断刃交換装置に本願発明の第１実施形態に係る切断刃交換装置の駆動装置を装着した状態の断面図である。
【図３】図２に示す切断刃交換装置の駆動装置の平面図である。
【図４】本願発明の第２実施形態に係る切断刃交換装置の駆動装置を示す平面図である。
【図５】本願発明の第３実施形態に係る切断刃交換装置の駆動装置を示す平面図である。
【図６】図１に示す切断刃交換装置の使用方法を示す一部断面した正面図である。
【図７】図６に続く切断刃交換装置の使用方法を示す一部断面した正面図である。
【図８】図７に示す切断刃交換装置の使用方法に続く駆動装置の使用方法を示す一部断面した正面図である。
【図９】図８に続く切断刃交換装置の駆動装置の使用方法を示す一部断面した正面図である。
【図１０】従来の剪断式破砕機を示す平面図である
【図１１】図１０に示す剪断式破砕機の切断刃とスペーサとの関係を示す正面図である。
【符号の説明】
１…切断刃交換装置
２…ガイド部材
３…移動部材
４…押圧部材
５…移動操作部材
６…ネジ部
７…深さ調節ピン
８，９…ネジ部
１０…切断刃
１１…固定ボルト孔
１２…座面
１３…上部
１４…球面部
１５，１６…テーパ面
１７…小径部
１８…切り欠き溝
１９…押圧部
２０…ローレット加工（滑り止め加工）
２１…筒状部
２２…回転抑止部材
２３…ネジ孔
２４…ネジ部
２５…突出部
２６…ガイド溝
２７…ネジ部
２８…球面部
３０…刃物取付台
３１…駆動装置
３２…ケーシング
３３…駆動軸
３４…従動軸
３５…駆動歯車
３６…従動歯車
３７…中間歯車
３８…中間軸
３９…蓋部材
４０…軸受
４３…ベアリング
４５…係合部材
４６…駆動操作部
４８…駆動プーリ
４９…従動プーリ
５０…タイミングベルト
５１…テンションプーリ
５２…駆動スプロケット
５３…従動スプロケット
５４…チェーン
５５…テンションローラ[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a cutting blade exchanging device for exchanging a cutting blade of a shearing type crusher that crushes various objects to be crushed such as a sheet-like material by a shearing action, and a driving device therefor.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a shearing type crusher (shredder) that crushes all objects to be crushed, such as plastic, wood pieces, paper, metal, rubber, fiber, and leather, using a shearing force is known.
[0003]
The cutting blade of such a crusher is attached to a blade mounting base provided on the drive shaft, and is fixed in the radial direction from the outside by a fixing means such as a bolt. This cutting blade shears and pulverizes various objects to be crushed by rotating it with a drive shaft.
[0004]
As this type of invention, for example, there is a device described in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 4-131443 filed earlier by the present applicant. The shredder cutting blade according to the present invention has a driving shaft 101 as shown in a plan view of the shearing crusher shown in FIG. 10 and a front view showing the relationship between the cutting blade of the shearing crusher and the spacer shown in FIG. A plurality of blade mounting bases 103 and spacers 104 are juxtaposed in the axial direction of the driven shaft 102, and a cutting blade 105 attached to the blade mounting base 103 is mounted between adjacent spacers 104.
[0005]
The opposing cutting blades 105 provided on the shafts 101 and 102 are disposed in a state of being wrapped with a minute gap of about 0.5 to 1 mm, for example, and the tip and side corners of the cutting blade 105 are disposed. The material to be crushed is sheared and crushed. This crushing is carried out by a so-called shearing action like a wrinkle.
[0006]
The cutting blade 105 for shearing and crushing the object to be crushed in this manner is attached with a plurality of bolts so as to be sandwiched between the spacers 104 in the axial direction, and the lateral load during positioning and shearing is supported by the spacers 104.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, there are various kinds of crushed objects to be crushed by this type of shearing crusher, and when such crushed objects are crushed for a long time, the crushed objects adhere between the cutting blades 105. In some cases, the cutting blade 105 and the blade mounting base 103 may be in close contact with each other due to rust or the like due to moisture in the object to be crushed.
[0008]
On the other hand, the cutting blade 105 for shearing and crushing in this way crushes various objects to be crushed such as plastic and wood, and therefore may be partially damaged or worn in a short time. When this cutting blade 105 is worn, it is worn from the corners of the tip and the side, but if the wear amount of the corners is increased, the shear crushing ability is greatly reduced, so the worn cutting is performed to maintain the crushing ability. The blade 105 must be replaced. In addition, such a cutting blade 105 may be replaced at an early stage even when a part of the cutting blade 105 is damaged.
[0009]
However, when the cutting blade 105 is in close contact with the blade mounting base 103 due to rust as described above, it is very difficult to separate the cutting blade 105 from the blade mounting base 103. In addition, when the spacers 104 are provided on both sides of the cutting blade 105 as described above, the spacer 104 and the cutting blade 105 are in close contact with each other due to rust or the like. It becomes work. In particular, when the cutting blade 105 is provided in close contact with the entire circumference of the blade mounting base 103, the first one is difficult, and it takes a lot of time and labor to replace the first cutting blade 105. Become.
[0010]
In addition, in the case of the cutting blade 105 as shown in the drawing, usually, a plurality of cutting blades 105 are attached by a plurality of bolts so as to surround the entire circumference of the blade mounting base 103, and for load support at the time of shear crushing. Since the engagement step portion 105a is provided on the rotation rear side, the engagement step portion 105a cannot be removed by coming into contact with the adjacent cutting blade 105 when trying to remove it from the front side. Since it cannot be removed by abutting (trying to rotate), in order to remove the cutting blade 105, the entire cutting blade 105 has to be removed almost evenly in the radial direction of the blade mounting base 103. However, when it is rusted as described above, it is very difficult to remove the whole in the radial direction almost uniformly.
[0011]
In addition, when the cutting blade 105 is firmly adhered due to rust or the like, the shafts 101 and 102 may need to be disassembled. Therefore, while the cutting blade 105 is exchanged, the crusher is in a stopped state, and the operation rate of the crusher is greatly reduced.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, in order to solve the above-described problem, the cutting blade replacement device according to the present invention includes a depth adjusting pin that is inserted into a fixing bolt hole that fixes the cutting blade, and a guide that is inserted into the fixing bolt hole above the depth adjusting pin. A member, a moving member that can be moved in the axial direction by a screw mechanism on the outer periphery of the guide member, a pressing member whose outer periphery is in close contact with the inner periphery of the fixing bolt hole by the axial movement of the moving member, There is provided a moving operation member that suppresses axial movement and moves the moving member in the axial direction. Thereby, the outer periphery of the pressing member is brought into close contact with the inner periphery of the fixing bolt hole to which the cutting blade is attached, and the pressing member and the cutting blade are integrally joined, and the pressing member is moved in the axial direction of the guide member by the screw mechanism. By moving, the cutting blade together with the pressing member can be easily removed from the blade mount and replaced.
[0013]
The depth adjustment pin is formed with a length such that the upper end position is a predetermined amount deeper than the seat surface position of the fixing bolt hole, and the contact surface between the upper end of the depth adjustment pin and the lower end of the guide member is a spherical surface portion. In this case, the length of the pressing member can be suppressed by a length that is a predetermined amount deeper than the seating surface of the fixing bolt hole, and the pressing member can be effectively prevented from being deformed by a torsional load.
[0014]
In addition, if a screw mechanism is formed with a trapezoidal screw between the outer periphery of the guide member and the inner periphery of the moving member, even if the cutting blade is firmly attached to the blade mounting base due to rust or the like, accurate feeding is possible. The cutting blade can be removed stably with the amount and strong feed force.
[0015]
Furthermore, if a rotation suppression mechanism that suppresses relative rotation between the moving member and the pressing member is provided between the moving member and the pressing member, the pressing member is moved by the moving member in the axial direction by the screw mechanism of the moving member. It is possible to prevent the pressing member from rotating together with the moving member when moved to the position.
[0016]
In addition, a screw portion is formed on the lower outer periphery of the guide member, a screw portion that is screwed with the screw portion of the guide member is formed on the lower inner periphery of the moving member, and the lower outer periphery of the moving member and the pressing member A substantially identical tapered surface is formed on the lower inner periphery, the outer periphery of the pressing member is formed with an outer diameter that can be inserted into the fixing bolt hole, and a screw portion is formed on the upper outer periphery of the moving member. If a moving operation member is provided that is screwed to the screw portion of the moving member to move the moving member in the axial direction of the pressing member, the moving member is moved in the axial direction of the guide member by the moving operation member. Since the lower outer surface of the pressing member is brought into intimate contact with the inner surface of the fixing bolt hole with a large force acting on the screw portion, the pressing member and the fixing bolt hole can be easily integrated with each other and can be integrally joined. Move by moving the blade in the axial direction of the guide member. It can be easily obtain intimate force capable against the removal force acting on Sutoki.
[0017]
Furthermore, if the inner periphery of the fixing bolt hole and / or the outer periphery of the pressing member is subjected to anti-slip processing, the inner periphery of the fixing bolt hole and the outer periphery of the pressing member can be more firmly joined.
[0018]
Further, the drive device for the cutting blade replacement device of the present invention is a driving device for simultaneously driving a plurality of any of the cutting blade replacement devices, and the cutting blade replacement mounted in a plurality of fixing bolt holes provided in the cutting blade. An engagement member that engages with the upper part of the guide member of the apparatus in the circumferential direction, a drive mechanism that rotates the respective engagement members in synchronization in the same direction, and a drive member that drives the drive mechanism are provided. . As a result, the upper part of the guide member of the cutting blade replacement device mounted in the plurality of fixing bolt holes can be rotated in synchronization in the same direction, so that the entire cutting blade is moved substantially evenly along the plurality of guide members. Can be removed.
[0019]
Further, a casing for providing the drive mechanism is provided, and the drive mechanism is synchronized with the drive gear by meshing with the drive gear driven by the drive member, the intermediate gear meshing with the drive gear, and the intermediate gear. A driven gear that rotates, the amount of protrusion of the drive shaft that supports the drive gear from the casing is reduced, the amount of protrusion of the driven shaft that supports the driven gear from the casing is increased, and the drive shaft and driven If the engaging member is provided on the shaft, the engaging member of the drive shaft with a small protrusion amount is engaged with the cutting blade replacement device at the fixed bolt hole position where a large torque is required when removing the cutting blade, and other cutting is performed. By engaging and driving the engagement member of the passive shaft to the blade changing device, a large force for removing the entire cutting blade almost uniformly by the gear mechanism can be applied in a balanced manner.
[0020]
A casing provided with the drive mechanism; a drive pulley driven by the drive member; a belt driven by the drive pulley; a driven pulley that rotates in synchronization with the drive pulley by the belt; A driven pulley that supports the driven pulley by reducing the amount of protrusion of the drive shaft that supports the drive pulley from the casing, and a tension pulley that applies a predetermined tension to the belt between the drive pulley and the driven pulley. Even if the projecting amount of the shaft from the casing is increased and the engagement member is provided on the drive shaft and the driven shaft, the cutting blade replacement device at the position of the fixed bolt hole that requires a large torque when removing the cutting blade can be used. By engaging the engagement member of the drive shaft with a small protruding amount and driving the engagement member of the passive shaft with the other cutting blade replacement device, the entire cutting blade is almost even by the belt mechanism. It can act good balance force to remove. As this belt, a timing belt is preferable to synchronize, but it may be synchronized with a V-belt depending on the required force.
[0021]
Further, a casing for providing the drive mechanism is provided, the drive mechanism is driven by the drive member, a drive sprocket driven by the drive sprocket, a driven sprocket that rotates in synchronization with the drive sprocket by the chain, And a tension roller that applies a predetermined tension to the chain between the drive sprocket and the driven sprocket, and a drive shaft that supports the drive sprocket has a small projecting amount from the casing, and the driven sprocket that supports the driven sprocket. Even if the projecting amount of the shaft from the casing is increased and the engagement member is provided on the drive shaft and the driven shaft, the cutting blade replacement device at the position of the fixed bolt hole that requires a large torque when removing the cutting blade can be used. By engaging the engagement member of the drive shaft and engaging the engagement member of the passive shaft with another cutting blade replacement device and driving it. It can act good balance force for removing the entire cutting blade substantially uniformly.
[0022]
On the other hand, in the cutting blade replacement method of the present invention, a predetermined depth adjustment pin is inserted into each of a plurality of fixing bolt holes after the fixing bolt of the cutting blade is removed, and the lower end abuts on the upper end of the depth adjustment pin. The guide members are inserted in the same manner, and the respective moving members are moved in the axial direction by the screw mechanism on the outer periphery of the guide members, so that the lower part of the pressing member is expanded and brought into close contact with the inner surface of the fixing bolt hole. After that, the engaging member is engaged with the upper part of each guide member, and the engaging member is rotated in synchronization with the same rotation direction, so that each moving member is synchronized by the screw mechanism of the guide member. The cutting blade is moved in the axial direction so as to be removed integrally with the pressing member in the radial direction. Thus, if the depth adjusting pin and the guide member are inserted into the plurality of fixing bolt holes, and the moving member is moved in the axial direction by the screw mechanism on the outer periphery of each inserted guide member, the moving member fixes the pressing member. Since the inner surface of the bolt hole can be brought into close contact with each other and integrally joined, the upper portion of each guide member is rotated in the same direction by the engaging member, thereby rotating the pressing member along each guide member. It is possible to easily remove the integrally bonded cutting blades by moving the cutting blades in the axial direction of the guide member substantially evenly.
[0023]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a drawing showing a cutting blade replacement device according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is an exploded view and (b) is an AA cross-sectional view shown in (a). FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the cutting blade replacement apparatus shown in FIG. 1 in which the drive device for the cutting blade replacement apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention is mounted, and FIG. 3 shows the cutting blade replacement apparatus shown in FIG. It is a top view of a drive device. In this embodiment, an example of exchanging a cutting blade fixed with two bolts will be described.
[0024]
As shown in the exploded view of FIG. 1 (a), the cutting blade replacement device 1 includes a rod-shaped guide member 2, a moving member 3 that moves in the axial direction by a screw mechanism on the outer periphery of the guide member 2, and this movement. A pressing member 4 whose diameter is expanded by the movement of the moving member 3 in the axial direction on the outer periphery of the member 3 and an upper screw portion 6 of the moving member 3 at the upper portion of the pressing member 4 are screwed together to move the moving member 3 in the axial direction. The moving operation member 5 is moved, and the depth adjusting pin 7 is inserted into the distal end side of the guide member 2.
[0025]
As shown in FIG. 2, the pressing member 4 is inserted into the outer periphery of the moving member 3, the moving operation member 5 is screwed into the upper screw portion 6 of the moving member 3, and these are inserted into the guide member 2 and moved. If the threaded portion 9 of the member 3 is screwed into the threaded portion 8 of the guide member 2, the cutting blade replacement device 1 in a set state in which components other than the depth adjusting pin 7 are integrated is configured. The depth adjustment pin 7 is configured separately from these. When removing the cutting blade 10, after removing the fixing bolt (not shown) of the cutting blade 10, the depth adjusting pin 7 is inserted into the fixing bolt hole 11. Inserted. In this embodiment, the depth adjusting pins 7A and 7B having different lengths are used so that the upper ends of both depth adjusting pins 7 are a predetermined distance deeper than the seating surface 12 of the fixing bolt hole 11. Yes.
[0026]
As shown in FIGS. 1 (a), 1 (b) and FIG. 2, the guide member 2 is composed of a rod-like member in which the threaded portion 8 is formed on the outer periphery of the lower portion and the upper portion 13 is formed in a hexagonal shape. . The screw portion 8 is formed of a trapezoidal screw (30 ° trapezoidal screw) so as to obtain an accurate feed amount and a large feed force, but may be another screw. The lower end of the guide member 2 is formed on the spherical portion 14.
[0027]
The moving member 3 has an inner diameter that is substantially the same as the outer diameter of the guide member 2, and the screw portion 9 that is screwed into the screw portion 8 of the guide member 2 is formed on the inner periphery of the lower portion. The screw portion 9 is also a trapezoidal screw, and the screw portion 9 and 8 constitutes a screw mechanism. A predetermined tapered surface 15 is formed on the lower outer surface.
[0028]
The pressing member 4 is formed in a cylindrical shape having an outer diameter such that a tapered surface 16 is formed on the lower inner surface along the tapered surface 15 of the moving member 3, and the outer surface is close to the inner surface of the fixing bolt hole 11. A small-diameter portion 17 is formed at the upper central portion of the pressing member 4 in the axial direction, and six notch grooves 18 are formed around the small-diameter portion 17 toward the lower end of the pressing member 4. A portion that is cut by the notch groove 18 and divided into six portions is a pressing portion 19 that expands in the radial direction when the tapered surface 16 is pressed by the tapered surface 15 of the moving member 3. By forming the small diameter portion 17 on the upper portion of the pressing portion 19, a stable elastic change of the pressing portion 19 is made possible. In this embodiment, a knurling process 20 is applied to the outer surface of the pressing portion 19 of the pressing member 4 as an anti-slip process for improving the anti-slip effect. In addition, as this anti-slip process, you may form an uneven | corrugated | grooved part in the outer surface of the press part 19 and the inner surface of the fixing bolt hole 11, or you may form the inner surface of the fixing bolt hole 11 in the taper shape which a lower part spreads out. Any processing that increases the frictional force between the pressing portion 19 and the fixing bolt hole 11 may be used.
[0029]
Further, the cylindrical portion 21 formed on the upper portion of the small diameter portion 17 is provided with a rotation suppression member 22 for suppressing the rotation of the pressing member 4. The rotation suppression member 22 is a rod-shaped member having a screw portion 24 screwed into a screw hole 23 provided in the cylindrical portion 21 at the tip, and is provided at the screw portion tip by screwing the screw portion 24. The protruding portion 25 is configured to protrude from the inner surface of the pressing member 4. The projecting portion 25 is configured to engage with a guide groove 26 extending in the axial direction provided at a predetermined position of the moving member 3. By engaging the protrusion 25 from the pressing member 4 with the guide groove 26 provided in the moving member 3, the relative rotation between the pressing member 4 and the moving member 3 is suppressed, and only axial movement is allowed. I am doing so. These are rotation suppression mechanisms. The length of the guide groove 26 provided in the moving member 3 is set to a length that allows the pressing portion 19 of the pressing member 4 to be enlarged by a predetermined amount on the tapered surface 15 of the moving member 3.
[0030]
The moving operation member 5 is provided on an upper portion of the moving member 3 provided inside the pressing member 4, and a screw portion 27 that is screwed into the upper screw portion 6 provided on the upper portion of the moving member 3 is provided on the inner surface. Is formed. The outer surface is formed in a hexagon so that it can be rotated with a tool such as a spanner.
[0031]
The depth adjusting pins 7 </ b> A and 7 </ b> B are formed on a spherical portion 28 whose upper end is substantially equal to the spherical portion 14 formed on the lower end of the guide member 2. Further, in this embodiment, the lengths of the depth adjusting pins 7A and 7B are such that the spherical portion 28 is positioned a predetermined amount deeper than the seating surface 12 of the fixing bolt hole 11, as shown in FIG. The depth adjusting pins 7A and 7B inserted into the respective fixing bolt holes 11 are formed so as to satisfy the same conditions as the seating surface 12. The lower ends of the depth adjusting pins 7A and 7B are also formed into spherical surfaces.
[0032]
As shown in FIG. 2, a driving device 31 that drives these cutting blade replacement devices 1 in synchronization is mounted on the upper portions of the cutting blade replacement devices 1 that are respectively mounted in the fixing bolt holes 11 of the cutting blades 10 as described above. Is done. The drive device 31 is mounted with a plurality of cutting blades 10 divided in the circumferential direction of the blade mounting base 30 sandwiched by spacers 29 provided in the axial direction, and each cutting blade 10 is adjacent to the other. Since both the cutting blades 10 are attached in close contact with the cutting blade 10 so that no projections or the like are generated, the two cutting blade replacement devices 1 are synchronized so that the cutting blade 10 is pulled straight out from the blade mounting base 30 in the radial direction. Drive. In the drive device 31 of the first embodiment shown in this figure, a case will be described in which the first one is removed from the plurality of cutting blades 10 that are divided and attached in the circumferential direction of the blade mounting base 30.
[0033]
As shown in the figure, the driving device 31 removes the fixing bolt of the cutting blade 10 to be removed from the blade mounting base 30, inserts depth adjustment pins 7A and 7B into the fixing bolt hole 11, and the cutting blade replacement device from above. 1 is inserted, the spherical surface portion 14 of the guide member 2 is brought into contact with the spherical surface portion 28 of the depth adjusting pins 7A and 7B, and is mounted on the upper portion of the cutting blade replacement device 1.
[0034]
As shown in FIG. 3, the driving device 31 is positioned substantially on the axis of each cutting blade replacement device 1 in a casing 32 having an open upper surface and a concave central portion. The drive shaft 33 and the driven shaft 34 provided at a pitch, the drive gear 35 and the driven gear 36 provided on the drive shaft 33 and the driven shaft 34, and the drive gear 35 and the driven gear 36 are rotated in the same direction. An intermediate gear 37 is provided. The intermediate gear 37 is supported by an intermediate shaft 38. Accordingly, the drive shaft 33 and the driven shaft 34 are configured to rotate in synchronization with the same direction. The drive shaft 33 and the driven shaft 34 are rotatably supported by a bearing 40 provided on the casing 32 and a lid member 39 that closes the open side of the casing 32. In addition, the drive gear 35 and the driven gear 36 are fixed by a key 41. Reference numeral 42 denotes a handle provided on the lid member 39 to improve workability when the drive device 31 is transported or mounted. The intermediate shaft 38 is supported by the casing 32 and the lid member 39, and the intermediate gear 37 is rotatably supported by a bearing 43 provided on the outer periphery of the intermediate shaft 38. A C-type retaining ring 44 is attached to predetermined positions of the drive shaft 33, the driven shaft 34, and the intermediate shaft 38 so that the shafts 33, 34, 38 or the bearings 40, 43 do not move in the axial direction. .
[0035]
Further, at the lower ends of the drive shaft 33 and the driven shaft 34, an engagement member 45 that engages with the guide member upper portion 13 of the cutting blade replacement device 1 is provided. Further, the upper end of the drive shaft 33 protrudes upward from the lid member 39, and a drive operation portion 46 formed in a hexagon is formed at the upper end. By forming the drive operation unit 46 in a hexagonal shape, the drive operation unit 46 can be rotated by a tool such as an impact wrench or a spanner. Reference numeral 47 denotes a mounting bolt for the lid member 39.
[0036]
In this embodiment, the amount of protrusion of the drive shaft 33 so that the guide member upper portion 13 of the cutting blade replacement device 1 on the side where the contact area between the cutting blade 10 and the spacer 29 is large and a large torque acts is rotated by the drive shaft 33. Is reduced, and the protruding amount of the driven shaft 34 is increased. By adjusting the protrusion amount (length) of the drive shaft 33 and the driven shaft 34 in this way, the cutting blade replacement can be performed in the state where the same cutting blade replacement device 1 is mounted in the fixing bolt holes 11 having different depths. The axes of the drive shaft 33 and the driven shaft 34 are positioned coaxially with the axis of the apparatus 1.
[0037]
Moreover, in this embodiment, since the fixing bolt hole 11 side on the right side of the cutting blade 10 attached to the blade mounting base 30 has many contact surfaces with the spacer 29 on the side surface, the cutting blade 10 is attached to the right fixing bolt hole 11. The cutting blade replacement device 1 is mounted so that the driving side of the driving device 31 is positioned above the cutting blade replacement device 1.
[0038]
FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a driving device of a cutting blade replacement device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the structure same as 1st Embodiment mentioned above, and the detailed description is abbreviate | omitted. The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the configuration for rotating the drive shaft 33 and the driven shaft 34 in the same direction.
[0039]
As shown in the figure, in the second embodiment, a drive pulley 48 and a driven pulley 49 are provided on the drive shaft 33 and the driven shaft 34, and the drive pulley 48 and the driven pulley 49 are connected by a timing belt 50. ing. In addition, a tension pulley 51 is provided at the center so that the timing belt 50 is not slackened. As a configuration for pressing the tension pulley 51 toward the timing belt 50, a known spring structure or the like is employed. In this embodiment, the timing belt 50 is used. However, when a large driving torque is not required, a V belt may be used.
[0040]
FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a driving device of a cutting blade replacement device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted. This third embodiment also differs from the first embodiment in the configuration for rotating the drive shaft 33 and the driven shaft 34 in the same direction.
[0041]
As shown in the figure, in the third embodiment, a drive sprocket 52 and a driven sprocket 53 are provided on the drive shaft 33 and the driven shaft 34, and the drive sprocket 52 and the driven sprocket 53 are connected by a chain 54. Yes. Further, a tension roller 55 is provided at the center so that the chain 54 does not become slack. As a configuration for pressing the tension roller 55 toward the chain 54, a known spring mechanism or the like is employed.
[0042]
6 is a partially sectional front view showing a method of using the cutting blade replacement apparatus shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 7 is a partially sectional front view showing a method of using the cutting blade replacement apparatus following FIG. FIG. 9 is a partially sectioned front view showing how to use the driving device following the method of using the cutting blade replacement device shown in FIG. 7, and FIG. 9 is a partial cross section showing how to use the driving device of the cutting blade replacement device following FIG. FIG.
[0043]
As shown in FIG. 6, after the depth adjusting pins 7A and 7B are inserted into the fixing bolt hole 11 from which the fixing bolt for fixing the cutting blade 10 is removed, the cutting blade in a set state integrated with the upper portion thereof. The exchange device 1 is inserted. At this time, the moving operation member 5 is loosened so that the lower end of the moving member 3 is lowered substantially to the same position as the lower end of the pressing member 4 so that the tapered surface 15 of the moving member 3 and the tapered surface 16 of the pressing member 4 are separated. It has become. In this state, the lower end of the pressing member 4 of the cutting blade replacement device 1 contacts the seat surface 12 of the fixing bolt hole 11, and a gap is opened between the lower end of the guide member 2 and the upper ends of the depth adjustment pins 7A and 7B. It is in the state. Further, since the outer diameter of the pressing member 4 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the fixing bolt hole 11, a slight gap is opened between the pressing member 4 and the fixing bolt hole 11.
[0044]
Then, as shown in FIG. 7, by tightening (rotating) the moving operation member 5 screwed into the upper screw portion 6 of the moving member 3 to the pressing member 4 side, the lower end of the pressing member 4 is a fixing bolt hole. 11 is in contact with the seating surface 12, so that the moving member 3 is moved upward. When the moving member 3 is thus moved upward in the axial direction of the guide member 2, the tapered surface 15 of the moving member 3 moves upward along the tapered surface 16 of the pressing member 4, and the pressing member 4 is pressed. The part 19 is expanded outwardly and pressed. As a result, the pressing portion 19 of the pressing member 4 spreads outward and is firmly in close contact with the inner surface of the fixing bolt hole 11 to complete the mounting of the cutting blade replacement device 1. Since the close force of the pressing portion 19 can generate a large force by the screw mechanism of the moving operation member 5, it can be firmly joined. This close contact force can be adjusted by the tightening force of the moving operation member 5.
[0045]
In addition, when the pressing member 4 rotates together with the moving member 3 due to the frictional force acting on the tapered surfaces 15 and 16 when the moving member 3 is moved upward in this way, the rotation suppressing member 22 causes the pressing member 4 to rotate. What is necessary is just to raise the moving member 3, preventing rotation of this.
[0046]
When the pressing member 4 is firmly brought into close contact with the inner surface of the fixing bolt hole 11 in this way and the pressing member 4 and the cutting blade 10 are integrally joined, the guide member 2 is tightened to make the spherical surface portion 14 at the tip deep. The adjusting pins 7A and 7B are brought into contact with the spherical surface portion 28.
[0047]
Next, as shown in FIG. 8, the engaging member 45 provided in the driving device 31 is engaged with the upper portion 13 of the guide member 2 protruding from the upper portions of both of the cutting blade replacement devices 1, thereby driving the driving device. 31 is attached to the upper part of the cutting blade replacement device 1. In this example, since the upper portion 13 of the guide member 2 is formed in a hexagonal shape, a tool such as a socket wrench can be used for the engaging member 45. In this mounted state, the axis of the guide member 2 of the cutting blade replacement device 1 and the axes of the drive shaft 33 and the driven shaft 34 of the drive device 31 substantially coincide.
[0048]
Then, as shown in FIG. 9, the drive operation unit 46 protruding from the upper part of the drive device 31 is rotated by the tool 56, so that the drive shaft 33 and the driven shaft 34 rotate in the same direction, The moving member 3 rises along the screw portion 8 of the guide member 2 that rotates together with the drive shaft 33 and the driven shaft 34. When the moving member 3 is lifted, the pressing member 4 on the outer periphery thereof is in close contact with the fixing bolt hole 11 and integrally joined with the cutting blade 10, so that they move together in the axial direction of the guide member 2. Be made. This movement of the cutting blade 10 rotates both guide members 2 in synchronization, so that the cutting blade 10 can be moved uniformly in the radial direction of the blade mounting base 30. For this reason, the cutting blade 10 is not brought into contact with the adjacent cutting blade 10 by one operation, and the engagement step portion 10a is not brought into contact, so that it can be easily performed between the spacers 29 provided on both sides. Can be removed.
[0049]
As a means for rotating the drive operation unit 46, the drive operation unit 46 is formed in a hexagonal shape in this embodiment, and therefore can be easily performed with a general tool 56 such as an impact wrench or a spanner. Further, since the lower end of the guide member 2 and the upper end of the depth adjusting pin are in contact with each other at the spherical surface portions 14 and 28, even if the guide member 2 is rotated, it can be easily rotated without generating a large frictional force. .
[0050]
In the above-described embodiment, an example in which the cutting blade 10 is attached with two fixing bolts has been described. However, when the cutting blade 10 is attached with two or more fixing bolts, What is necessary is just to arrange | position the drive shaft 33 and the driven shaft 34 so that the axis | shaft may be increased or the fixed bolt hole 11 of the position balanced so that the cutting blade 10 may be removed equally.
[0051]
Moreover, although the example which pinched | interposed the cutter mounting base 30 with the spacer 29 was shown in embodiment mentioned above, if this invention is the cutting blade 10 provided in the cutter mounting base 30, it can remove similarly, and was mentioned above. It is not limited to the embodiment.
[0052]
Furthermore, the above-described embodiment is an embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment.
[0053]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention is implemented in the form described above, and has the following effects.
[0054]
Since the cutting blade can be easily removed from the blade mounting base by the pressing member integrally joined to the cutting blade, the cutting blade can be exchanged quickly. Moreover, it becomes possible to easily remove the entire cutting blade in the radial direction by synchronizing and rotating the cutting blade replacement devices provided in the plurality of fixing bolt holes.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a drawing showing a cutting blade replacement apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is an exploded view and (b) is an AA cross-sectional view shown in (a).
2 is a cross-sectional view of a state in which the cutting blade replacement device according to the first embodiment of the present invention is attached to the cutting blade replacement device shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a driving device of the cutting blade replacement device shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a driving device of a cutting blade replacement device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a driving device of a cutting blade replacement device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a partially sectional front view showing a method of using the cutting blade replacement apparatus shown in FIG.
7 is a partial cross-sectional front view showing a method of using the cutting blade replacement device following FIG. 6. FIG.
8 is a partial cross-sectional front view showing a method for using the drive device following the method for using the cutting blade replacement device shown in FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a partially sectioned front view showing how to use the drive device of the cutting blade replacement device following FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a conventional shearing crusher.
11 is a front view showing a relationship between a cutting blade and a spacer of the shearing crusher shown in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ... Cutting blade replacement device
2 ... Guide member
3 ... Moving member
4 ... Pressing member
5 ... Moving operation member
6 ... Screw part
7 ... Depth adjustment pin
8, 9 ... Screw part
10 ... Cutting blade
11 ... Fixing bolt hole
12 ... Seat
13 ... Upper part
14 ... Spherical surface
15, 16 ... Tapered surface
17 ... Small diameter part
18 ... Notch groove
19 ... Pressing part
20 ... Knurling (anti-slip processing)
21 ... Cylindrical part
22 ... Rotation suppression member
23 ... Screw hole
24 ... Screw part
25 ... Projection
26 ... Guide groove
27 ... Screw part
28 ... Spherical surface
30 ... Blade mounting base
31 ... Drive device
32. Casing
33 ... Drive shaft
34 ... driven shaft
35 ... Drive gear
36 ... driven gear
37 ... Intermediate gear
38 ... Intermediate shaft
39: Lid member
40 ... Bearing
43 ... Bearing
45 ... engaging member
46 ... Drive operation section
48 ... Drive pulley
49 ... driven pulley
50 ... Timing belt
51 ... Tension pulley
52 ... Drive sprocket
53 ... driven sprocket
54 ... Chain
55 ... Tension roller

Claims

A depth adjusting pin to be inserted into the fixing bolt hole for fixing the cutting blade, a guide member to be inserted into the fixing bolt hole at the top of the depth adjusting pin, and a movement movable in the axial direction on the outer periphery of the guide member by a screw mechanism A member, a pressing member whose outer periphery is in close contact with the inner periphery of the fixed bolt hole by the axial movement of the moving member, and a moving operation member that moves the moving member in the axial direction while suppressing the axial movement of the pressing member And a cutting blade replacement device.

The depth adjustment pin is formed with a length such that the upper end position is a predetermined amount deeper than the seat surface position of the fixing bolt hole, and the contact surface between the upper end of the depth adjustment pin and the lower end of the guide member is a spherical surface portion. The cutting blade replacement device according to claim 1, wherein the cutting blade replacement device is formed.

2. The cutting blade replacement device according to claim 1, wherein a screw mechanism is formed with a trapezoidal screw between the outer periphery of the guide member and the inner periphery of the moving member.

The cutting blade replacement device according to claim 1, wherein a rotation inhibiting mechanism that inhibits relative rotation between the moving member and the pressing member is provided between the moving member and the pressing member.

A screw part is formed on the lower outer periphery of the guide member, and a screw part is formed on the lower inner periphery of the moving member to be screwed with the screw part of the guide member. The lower outer periphery of the moving member and the lower part of the pressing member A substantially identical taper surface is formed on the periphery, the outer periphery of the pressing member is formed with an outer diameter that can be inserted into the fixing bolt hole, a screw portion is formed on the upper outer periphery of the moving member, and the screw of the moving member The cutting blade replacement device according to claim 1, further comprising a moving operation member that is screwed into a portion and moves the moving member in an axial direction of the pressing member.

The cutting blade replacement device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein an anti-slip process is applied to an inner periphery of the fixing bolt hole and / or an outer periphery of the pressing member.

A drive device for simultaneously driving a plurality of cutting blade replacement devices according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
An engaging member that engages with the upper part of the guide member of the cutting blade replacement device mounted in a plurality of fixing bolt holes provided in the cutting blade in the circumferential direction, and the respective engaging members are rotated in synchronization in the same direction. A driving device for a cutting blade exchanging device provided with a driving mechanism and a driving member for driving the driving mechanism.

A casing for providing the drive mechanism is provided, and the drive mechanism is driven by the drive member, an intermediate gear meshed with the drive gear, and meshed with the intermediate gear and rotated in synchronization with the drive gear. A driven gear configured to reduce the amount of protrusion of the drive shaft that supports the drive gear from the casing, increase the amount of protrusion of the driven shaft that supports the driven gear from the casing, and the drive shaft and the driven shaft. 8. The drive device for a cutting blade replacement apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the engagement member is provided on the cutting blade replacement apparatus.

A casing provided with the drive mechanism; the drive mechanism driven by the drive member; a drive pulley driven by the drive pulley; a driven pulley that rotates in synchronization with the drive pulley by the belt; A tension pulley that applies a predetermined tension to the belt between the drive pulley and the driven pulley, and the amount of protrusion of the drive shaft that supports the drive pulley from the casing is reduced, and the driven shaft that supports the driven pulley 8. The drive device for a cutting blade replacement device according to claim 7, wherein an amount of protrusion from the casing is increased, and the engagement member is provided on the drive shaft and the driven shaft.

A casing for providing the drive mechanism is provided, and the drive mechanism is driven by the drive member, a drive sprocket that is driven by the drive sprocket, a driven sprocket that rotates in synchronization with the drive sprocket by the chain, A tension roller that applies a predetermined tension to the chain between the drive sprocket and the driven sprocket. 8. The drive device for a cutting blade replacement apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the protruding amount from the casing is increased, and the engagement member is provided on the drive shaft and the driven shaft.

A predetermined depth adjusting pin is inserted into each of a plurality of fixing bolt holes after removing the fixing bolt of the cutting blade, and a guide member is inserted so that the lower end is in contact with the upper end of the depth adjusting pin. Each moving member is moved in the axial direction by a screw mechanism on the outer periphery of the member, and the lower part of the pressing member is expanded and brought into close contact with the inner surface of the fixing bolt hole, and then integrally joined to the upper part of each guide member. The engaging members are engaged, and the engaging members are rotated in synchronism with each other in the same rotational direction, whereby the moving members are synchronized with each other by the screw mechanism of the guide member and moved in the axial direction so as to be integrated with the pressing member. A cutting blade replacement method in which the cutting blade is removed in the radial direction.