JP4210020B2 - Aluminum alloy material for heat sinks with excellent thermal conductivity - Google Patents

Aluminum alloy material for heat sinks with excellent thermal conductivity Download PDF

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JP4210020B2
JP4210020B2 JP2000187181A JP2000187181A JP4210020B2 JP 4210020 B2 JP4210020 B2 JP 4210020B2 JP 2000187181 A JP2000187181 A JP 2000187181A JP 2000187181 A JP2000187181 A JP 2000187181A JP 4210020 B2 JP4210020 B2 JP 4210020B2
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Prior art keywords
thermal conductivity
alloy
aluminum alloy
alloy material
heat sink
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JP2002003972A (en
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弘 宮崎
敦 土屋
智行 林
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菱化マックス株式会社
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、熱伝導性に優れたアルミニウム合金材に関するものであり、詳しくは半導体等電子デバイスの放熱部品であるヒートシンクの材料として利用するのに有用なアルミニウム合金材に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
アルミニウム合金は、軽量であると同時に電気伝導性及び熱伝導性に優れているので、その特性に基づき種々の分野で使用されている。近年、電子機器の小型化、軽量化への傾向は急速に進みつつあり、電子機器に組み込まれる各種部品もより一層の小型化・軽量化が求められている。半導体デバイスの放熱部品であるヒートシンクは、通常、軽量でしかも熱伝導性に優れているアルミニウム合金で製造されている。
ヒートシンクは主にダイカストによって製造されているが、ヒートシンクのフィン部の厚さは薄いものは1mm以下であり、ヒートシンクが小型になれば、フィン部の厚さは更に薄くなることに加え、更に高い放熱効率が求められる。
【0003】
従来、ヒートシンクを製造するためのアルミニウム合金材の合金種としては、一般にダイカスト用JIS合金のADC1あるいはADC12等のAl−Si系の合金が使用されている。
フィン部を備えたヒートシンクをダイカストで製造する際、そのフィン部の厚さは非常に薄いので、ダイカスト時に溶湯の湯流れが悪いと溶湯が金型内に完全に充填されず、フィン部が欠損して不良品となる。その為、ヒートシンク、特にフィン材用の合金は流動性に優れている必要があり、流動性の改良にSiの添加が効果的であることが知られ、特に薄いフィン部を有するヒートシンク用合金には高い濃度のSiが添加されている。合金中のSi量が多いほど湯流れ性は良くなる。ダイカスト用アルミニウム合金のJIS規格の合金種であるADC1及びADC12におけるSi含有量は、それぞれADC1がSi11.0〜13.0wt%、ADC12がSi9.6〜12.0wt%とされている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ヒートシンクとしての性能、即ち放熱特性を向上させるためには、ヒートシンクを形成する合金の熱伝導性を高める必要があるが、合金中のSi量の増加は熱伝導性を低下させる。他方、ヒートシンク、特に薄いフィン部を有するヒートシンクをダイカストで製造する場合、フィン部に欠損を生ずることなくダイカストを可能にするためには、合金は流動性の高いダイカスト性、即ち高濃度のSiを含有することが必要とされる。その為に、従来は、熱伝導性を犠牲にしてADC1或いはADC12等Siを多く添加した合金が使用されてきた。
本発明の目的は、従来のヒートシンク用Al−Si系ダイカスト合金において、そのダイカスト性を確保しつつ、更に熱伝導性を高めたアルミニウム合金を提供することにある。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、ダイカスト性に優れるAl−Si系合金において高い熱伝導性を得るために、合金に添加される元素について種々検討した結果、所定量のB添加が極めて有効であることを見出し本発明に達した。
即ち、本発明の要旨は、B0.002〜0.08wt%、Si4.0〜14.0wt%、Fe0.2〜1.0wt%を含有し、残部アルミニウムおよび不可避不純物からなることを特徴とするヒートシンク用アルミニウム合金材に存する。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明のアルミニウム合金材は、ダイカストによってフィン部を備えたヒートシンクを製造するのに好適なアルミニウム合金材であり、Al−Si系ダイカスト合金に所定量のBを必須成分として含有させることにより、ダイカスト性を確保しつつ、熱伝導性を更に向上させたものである。
本発明の合金材に添加されるBの量は、0.002〜0.08wt%、好ましくは0.005〜0.03wt%である。添加量が0.002wt%未満では熱伝導性向上効果は十分達成されず、他方0.08wt%を超えるとBが過剰となり、逆に熱伝導性向上の効果を減じる。
【0007】
合金材に添加されるSiは、ダイカスト性、特に溶湯の湯流れ性を向上させるために添加される。合金材の用途がヒートシンクである場合、添加量が4.0wt%未満では湯流れ性は十分ではない。また、14.0wt%を超えて添加すると熱伝導性の低下が大きくなり、ヒートシンクとして要求される放熱特性を満足できない。このため、本発明の合金材においては、Siの添加量は、4.0〜14.0wt%、好ましくは7.0〜13.0wt%の範囲で適宜選ばれる。
【0008】
Feは従来のダイカスト用JIS合金にも添加されているように、アルミニウム合金と金型の焼付きを防止するために添加される。添加量が0.2wt%未満では焼付き防止効果は十分ではなく、また1.0wt%を超えて添加しても、その添加量に見合う効果は得られず1.0wt%以下の場合と変わらないだけでなく、逆に熱伝導性の低下を招くだけである。このため、Feの添加量は0.2〜1.0wt%、好ましくは0.3〜0.7wt%の範囲で適宜選ばれる。
【0009】
本発明のアルミニウム合金は、上記合金成分の他、不可避的不純物を含有するが、必要に応じ他の特性改善、例えば強度向上、耐食性改善等のために添加される成分を含んでいても良い。そのような成分としては、例えば、Cu、Mg、Zn、Ni、Co、Mn、Zr、Cr、Ti、Sn、In等が挙げられるが、これらの成分は熱伝導性を低下させるおそれがあるので、1.0wt%以下とすることが必要である。
【0010】
本発明のアルミニウム合金は、従来のダイカスト用JIS合金よりも熱伝導性に優れ、しかもこれらの合金と同等の湯流れ性を有しているので、ダイカストにて製造するヒートシンク、特に薄いフィン部を有するヒートシンクの材料として使用することができる。
【0011】
【実施例】
以下に、本発明を実施例により更に詳細に説明するが、本発明はその要旨を超えない限り以下の実施例により制限されるものではない。
尚、熱伝導性は、導電率に比例する関係があることから、合金の導電率(IACS%)測定の評価で同時に熱伝導性も評価できるので、以下の実施例においては導電率を測定した。
【0012】
実施例及び比較例
表1に示した各組成の合金を金型に鋳造し、鋳塊の導電率を測定し評価した。その結果を表1に併記する。なお、合金調製用のアルミニウムとしては純度99.8wt%のものを用いた。また、比較例の合金組成は、本発明例の組成からBを除いた組成のものとした。
本発明例のいずれの合金においても、Bの添加によって比較例の合金よりも導電率が高まっており、Siの添加量を変えることなく、熱伝導性を改善できたことが明白である。
【0013】
【表1】

Figure 0004210020
【0014】
表2は、表2に示した各組成の合金の溶湯の湯流れ性(流動性)テストの結果である。
流動性テストは、渦巻き型の金型を用い、鋳込み温度を、液相線温度+50℃、金型予熱を250℃として鋳込んだ溶湯の流動長を測定した。
テストの結果から、Bの添加によって流動性が損なわれることはない。即ち本発明の合金は湯流れ性を損なう事無く、熱伝導性を改善していることが明白である。
また、Siの添加量の多いほど流動性は高い。実際のヒートシンク製造にあたっては、フィン部の形状によって、熱伝導性と湯流れ性の双方のバランスを考慮の上、Si量が決定される。
【0015】
【表2】
Figure 0004210020
【0016】
【発明の効果】
本発明のアルミニウム合金は、ダイカストにより熱伝導性の優れたヒートシンク、例えば薄いフィン部を有するヒートシンクを提供することができるので、工業的価値は極めて大きい。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an aluminum alloy material excellent in thermal conductivity, and more particularly to an aluminum alloy material useful for use as a heat sink material that is a heat dissipation component of an electronic device such as a semiconductor.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Aluminum alloys are lightweight and have excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, and are used in various fields based on their properties. In recent years, the trend toward downsizing and weight reduction of electronic devices is rapidly progressing, and various parts incorporated in electronic devices are required to be further downsized and lightened. A heat sink, which is a heat radiating component of a semiconductor device, is usually made of an aluminum alloy that is lightweight and has excellent thermal conductivity.
Heat sinks are mainly manufactured by die casting, but the thickness of the fin part of the heat sink is 1 mm or less, and if the heat sink becomes smaller, the thickness of the fin part is further reduced and further increased. Heat dissipation efficiency is required.
[0003]
Conventionally, as an alloy type of an aluminum alloy material for manufacturing a heat sink, an Al—Si alloy such as ADC1 or ADC12 of a JIS alloy for die casting is generally used.
When manufacturing heat sinks with fins by die casting, the thickness of the fins is very thin, so if the molten metal flow is poor during die casting, the molten metal will not be completely filled into the mold and the fins will be damaged. And become defective. For this reason, heat sinks, especially alloys for fin materials, need to be excellent in fluidity, and it is known that addition of Si is effective in improving fluidity. High concentration of Si is added. The larger the amount of Si in the alloy, the better the hot water flowability. The Si content in ADC1 and ADC12, which are JIS standard alloy types of die casting aluminum alloys, is that ADC1 is Si 11.0 to 13.0 wt%, and ADC12 is Si 9.6 to 12.0 wt%.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In order to improve the performance as the heat sink, that is, the heat dissipation characteristics, it is necessary to increase the thermal conductivity of the alloy forming the heat sink, but an increase in the amount of Si in the alloy decreases the thermal conductivity. On the other hand, when a heat sink, particularly a heat sink having a thin fin portion, is manufactured by die casting, in order to enable die casting without causing defects in the fin portion, the alloy has a high fluidity die casting property, that is, a high concentration of Si. It is required to contain. For this purpose, an alloy having a large amount of Si added such as ADC1 or ADC12 has been conventionally used at the expense of thermal conductivity.
An object of the present invention is to provide an aluminum alloy having further improved thermal conductivity while securing its die-casting property in a conventional Al-Si die casting alloy for heat sink.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of various studies on elements added to the alloy in order to obtain high thermal conductivity in an Al—Si alloy having excellent die castability, the present inventors have found that the addition of a predetermined amount of B is extremely effective. The present invention has been reached.
That is, the gist of the present invention is characterized by containing B 0.002 to 0.08 wt%, Si 4.0 to 14.0 wt%, Fe 0.2 to 1.0 wt%, and the balance being aluminum and inevitable impurities. It exists in the aluminum alloy material for heat sinks.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The aluminum alloy material of the present invention is an aluminum alloy material suitable for manufacturing a heat sink having a fin portion by die casting. By adding a predetermined amount of B as an essential component to an Al-Si die casting alloy, the die casting is performed. The thermal conductivity is further improved while securing the properties.
The amount of B added to the alloy material of the present invention is 0.002 to 0.08 wt%, preferably 0.005 to 0.03 wt%. If the addition amount is less than 0.002 wt%, the effect of improving the thermal conductivity is not sufficiently achieved. On the other hand, if it exceeds 0.08 wt%, B becomes excessive, and conversely the effect of improving the thermal conductivity is reduced.
[0007]
Si added to the alloy material is added in order to improve the die-casting property, particularly the molten metal flowability. When the alloy material is used as a heat sink, the molten metal flowability is not sufficient when the addition amount is less than 4.0 wt%. On the other hand, if it exceeds 14.0 wt%, the thermal conductivity is greatly lowered, and the heat dissipation characteristics required as a heat sink cannot be satisfied. For this reason, in the alloy material of this invention, the addition amount of Si is suitably selected in the range of 4.0-14.0 wt%, preferably 7.0-13.0 wt%.
[0008]
Fe is added to prevent seizure of the aluminum alloy and the mold, as is also added to conventional JIS alloys for die casting. If the addition amount is less than 0.2 wt%, the effect of preventing seizure is not sufficient, and even if added in excess of 1.0 wt%, an effect commensurate with the addition amount is not obtained, which is different from the case of 1.0 wt% or less. Not only that, it also causes a decrease in thermal conductivity. For this reason, the addition amount of Fe is appropriately selected within the range of 0.2 to 1.0 wt%, preferably 0.3 to 0.7 wt%.
[0009]
The aluminum alloy of the present invention contains unavoidable impurities in addition to the above alloy components, but may contain components added for other characteristics improvement, for example, strength improvement, corrosion resistance improvement, and the like, if necessary. Examples of such components include Cu, Mg, Zn, Ni, Co, Mn, Zr, Cr, Ti, Sn, and In, but these components may reduce thermal conductivity. 1.0 wt% or less is necessary.
[0010]
The aluminum alloy of the present invention is superior in thermal conductivity to conventional JIS alloys for die casting, and has the same hot-water flow properties as those alloys. Therefore, a heat sink manufactured by die casting, particularly a thin fin portion, is used. It can be used as a heat sink material.
[0011]
【Example】
EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples unless it exceeds the gist.
Since thermal conductivity has a relationship proportional to electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity can also be evaluated at the same time by evaluating the electrical conductivity (IACS%) of the alloy. Therefore, in the following examples, electrical conductivity was measured. .
[0012]
Examples and Comparative Examples Alloys having the respective compositions shown in Table 1 were cast into a mold, and the conductivity of the ingot was measured and evaluated. The results are also shown in Table 1. The aluminum used for preparing the alloy was 99.8 wt% in purity. In addition, the alloy composition of the comparative example was a composition obtained by removing B from the composition of the present invention.
In any of the alloys of the present invention, the conductivity was higher than that of the comparative alloy by the addition of B, and it is clear that the thermal conductivity could be improved without changing the amount of Si added.
[0013]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004210020
[0014]
Table 2 shows the results of the molten metal flowability (fluidity) test of the alloys having the respective compositions shown in Table 2.
In the fluidity test, a spiral mold was used, and the flow length of the cast metal was measured with a casting temperature of liquidus temperature + 50 ° C. and a mold preheating of 250 ° C.
From the test results, fluidity is not impaired by the addition of B. That is, it is apparent that the alloy of the present invention improves the thermal conductivity without impairing the hot water flow.
Also, the greater the amount of Si added, the higher the fluidity. In actual heat sink manufacture, the amount of Si is determined in consideration of the balance between thermal conductivity and hot water flow depending on the shape of the fin portion.
[0015]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004210020
[0016]
【The invention's effect】
Since the aluminum alloy of the present invention can provide a heat sink having excellent thermal conductivity by die casting, for example, a heat sink having a thin fin portion, the industrial value is extremely large.

Claims (1)

B0.002〜0.08wt%、Si4.0〜14.0wt%、Fe0.2〜1.0wt%を含有し、残部アルミニウムおよび不可避不純物からなることを特徴とするヒートシンク用アルミニウム合金材。An aluminum alloy material for a heat sink comprising B0.002 to 0.08 wt%, Si 4.0 to 14.0 wt%, Fe 0.2 to 1.0 wt%, the balance being aluminum and inevitable impurities.
JP2000187181A 2000-06-22 2000-06-22 Aluminum alloy material for heat sinks with excellent thermal conductivity Expired - Lifetime JP4210020B2 (en)

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