JP4208737B2 - Tire changing device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a tire changing device.

  Conventionally, a tire replacement vehicle 71 for exchanging tires is known. FIG. 8 shows a side view of the tire replacement vehicle 71 disclosed in Patent Document 1, and the prior art will be described below based on FIG.

  In FIG. 8, a mast 74 that is rotatable in a horizontal plane is erected vertically on a loading platform 73 of the self-propelled vehicle 72. A base end portion of a telescopic arm 75 that is extendable in the horizontal direction is pin-coupled to the upper end portion of the mast 74 so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction. The distal end of the telescopic arm 75 is supported by a leg caster 76 so as to be movable. A sleeve 78 slidable in the vertical direction is attached to the leg caster 76, and a hook 80 for hanging the tire hanger 79 is formed on the outer periphery of the sleeve 78.

  When the tire 77 is replaced, the tire hanger 79 is suspended from the distal end portion of the clamp arm 81 fixed to the distal end portion of the telescopic arm 75 via the slider 82, and the tire 77 is moved to the replacement position.

JP-A-8-132808

However, the prior art has the following problems.
According to the prior art, such a tire replacement vehicle 71 is for exchanging a relatively small tire 77, which is a very large and heavy tire of a large construction machine such as a dump truck, for example. It is difficult to use for exchange.

  That is, in the prior art, the tire hanger 79 is suspended by the clamp arm 81 having only the base end portion fixed, and the tire 77 is moved. However, the tire 77 of a large construction machine may reach a weight of several tons, and as a result, the clamp arm 81 may be heavily loaded and may be broken.

Further, in the prior art, as a means for adjusting the position of the tire 77 at the time of mounting, only a cylinder 83 for moving in the vertical direction is disclosed, and alignment in the front-rear direction, the left-right direction, and the rotational direction is disclosed. And no adjustments are disclosed.
For example, if the tire 77 is relatively small, it can be aligned by pushing or rotating by hand, but a large tire such as a large construction machine does not move even if it is pushed by hand. There is a problem that it cannot be matched.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to the above problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a tire exchanging apparatus capable of exchanging a large tire used in a large construction machine or the like.

In order to achieve the above object, the tire changing device of the first invention comprises:
A carrier attached to the traveling body,
A base frame mounted to be movable in the left-right direction with respect to the carrier;
A slide mast mounted on the base frame so as to be movable up and down;
A holding arm rotatably mounted on the slide mast;
A pressing roller attached to the pressing arm with the front-rear direction as the rotation axis;
A pair of left and right forks mounted on the base frame;
A support roller attached to the fork with the front-rear direction as the rotation axis;
And a rotation mechanism for rotating the support roller.
The tire changing device of the second invention is
The pressure roller can be moved back and forth with respect to the pressure arm,
The support roller is movable back and forth with respect to the fork.
The tire changing device of the third invention is
The fork is movable in the left-right direction with respect to the base frame.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, even a heavy tire can be firmly supported, and the tire can be moved in the left-right direction and the rotational direction, so that the fine adjustment of the left-right direction and the rotational direction necessary for detaching the tire is easy. is there.
According to the second aspect of the invention, since the roller holding the tire can be moved back and forth, it is easy to finely adjust the position of the tire in the front-rear direction, and the attachment and detachment becomes easier.
According to the third invention, since the fork can be moved in the left-right direction and the distance thereof is variable, tires of various sizes can be handled.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a side view of a tire replacement vehicle 11 in the first embodiment. In FIG. 1, a tire replacement vehicle 11 includes a traveling vehicle body 12 and a tire replacement device 13 that is attached to the traveling vehicle body 12 and grips a tire 31.

  In the first embodiment, the traveling vehicle body 12 drives the crawler belt 14 and travels with the tire changing device 13 as the front. The traveling vehicle body 12 may be a dedicated vehicle body, but may be a construction machine such as a bulldozer, for example. A vehicle that travels with wheels instead of the crawler belt 14 may be used.

A driver seat 15 is mounted on the upper portion of the traveling vehicle body 12. One end of a pair of left and right bell cranks 16, 16 is rotatably attached to a bracket 57 fixed to the traveling vehicle body 12. The base ends of a pair of left and right lift arms 17, 17 are attached to substantially intermediate portions of the bell cranks 16, 16 via third links 48, 48 so as to be rotatable.
The vicinity of the base ends of the lift arms 17, 17 is pivotally attached to the bracket 57. The intermediate portion of the lift arms 17 and 17 and the bracket 57 are connected by a pair of left and right lift cylinders 18 and 18. The front ends of the lift arms 17 and 17 are rotatably connected to a pair of left and right brackets 19 and 19 attached to the rear portion of the tire changing device 13.

  The lift arm 17 and the bracket 19 are connected by a first link 20 and a second link 21, and the lift arm 17, the bracket 19, the first link 20 and the second link 21 constitute a parallel four-joint link.

The other end of the bell cranks 16 and 16 and the substantially central part of the first links 20 and 20 are connected by a pair of left and right tilt cylinders 22 and 22. When the lift cylinder 18 is operated, the tire changing device 13 is lifted up / down while maintaining an angle with respect to the ground, and when the tilt cylinder 22 is operated, the tire changing device 13 is tilted up / down.
The lift cylinder 18 and the tilt cylinder 22 are driven by a hydraulic pump (not shown) that is built in the traveling vehicle body 12 and is driven by an engine.

Next, the tire changing device 13 will be described.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the tire changing device 13 as seen from the back (traveling vehicle body 12 side). FIG. 3 shows a front view of the tire changing device 13.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the tire changing device 13 moves in the left-right direction with respect to the carrier 23 in which the bracket 19 connected to the lift arm 17 is fixed to the back surface (the surface on the traveling vehicle body 12 side). A free base frame 24 and a slide mast 25 movable up and down with respect to the base frame 24 are provided.

  FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the carrier 23 as viewed from the front surface (the tire changing device 13 side). As shown in FIG. 4, the carrier 23 has a rectangular shape having an upper rail 26, a lower rail 27 having a U-shaped cross section, and side plates 28 and 28.

  A pair of left and right brackets 19, 19 made of two plates facing each other are fixed to the back surface of the carrier 23. The brackets 19 and 19 are provided with pin holes 29 </ b> A and 29 </ b> B for fixing the distal end portion of the lift arm 17 and the distal end portion of the second link 21, respectively.

  FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of the base frame 24 and the slide mast 25. As shown in FIG. 5, the base frame 24 includes a base mast 49 that stands upright at the center in the left-right direction, and upper bars 46 and 46 and a lower bar 47 that are horizontally fixed to the base mast 49. The base mast 49 and the lower bar 47 are reinforced by reinforcing plates 58 and 58.

A pair of left and right forks 30, 30 having an L shape are fixed to the upper bars 46, 46 and the lower bar 47 by bolts 50. The fork 30 includes a vertical plate 62 and front and rear plates 63. A reinforcing plate 60 is fixed between the vertical plate 62 and the front and rear plates 63.
The forks 30 and 30 are provided with screw holes (not shown), and the bars 46 and 47 are provided with a plurality of holes 32. By changing the position of the hole 32 into which the bolt 50 is inserted, the distance between the left and right forks 30 can be made variable. A reinforcing plate 61 is bolted between the left and right front and rear plates 63.

  A support roller 33 is rotatably supported at the front end portion of the front and rear plates 63 of the fork 30. A rotating device 34 having at least two widths and capable of mounting a tool such as a spanner is fixed to the end of the supporting roller 33, and the supporting roller 33 is rotated by rotating the rotating device 34 with the tool. Can be rotated.

  A slide mast 25 is fitted into the base mast 49 so as to be slidable in the vertical direction, and is fixed to a desired height by a pin (not shown). A pressing arm 36 is rotatably attached to the upper portion of the slide mast 25. The pressing arm 36 is rotated up and down by expanding and contracting the pressing cylinder 37 with a manual hydraulic pump or the like.

  A pressing bracket 55 with a pressing roller 38 and a stopper 39 mounted thereon is mounted on the distal end portion of the pressing arm 36 so as to be rotatable about the horizontal direction as a rotation axis. If the stopper 39 is mounted upside down so that the lower interval is narrowed, the narrow tire 31 can be gripped.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, roller brackets 41, 41 containing first sliding rollers 40 </ b> A, 40 </ b> A having a vertical axis as a rotation axis are fixed with bolts 56 on the back surface of the vertical plate 62 of the fork 30. Has been.
By fitting grooves 51, 51 formed by the vertical plates 62, 62 and the roller brackets 41, 41 into the upper rail 26 of the carrier 23 from above, the first sliding rollers 40 </ b> A, 40 </ b> A are formed on the back surface of the upper rail 26. Abut.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a roller pin 54 projects rearward from the lower rear surface of the vertical plate 62 of the fork 30. A second sliding roller 40B having a rotation axis in the front-rear direction is fixed to the roller pin 54 so as to be rotatable.
Further, roller fixing members 53 and 53 made of opposing plates are fixed to the lower side surfaces of the vertical plates 62 and 62 of the forks 30 and 30. Between the roller fixing members 53, the second sliding roller 40B is rotatably held by a rotary shaft 64 in the vertical direction.

By fitting the grooves 51, 51 into the upper rail 26 of the carrier 23, the second sliding roller 40 </ b> B and the third sliding roller 40 </ b> C come into contact with the inner surface of the lower rail 27 as shown in FIG. 6. .
Thereby, the base frame 24 is fixed to the carrier 23 so as to be slidable in the left-right direction. At this time, the drop-off preventing member 52 (see FIG. 6) is fixed to the lower end portion of the vertical plate 62 with a bolt from the back surface, thereby preventing the base frame 24 from dropping from the carrier 23.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the bracket 19 on one side and the base mast 49 are connected by a slide cylinder 42. The base frame 24 can be slid in the left-right direction with respect to the carrier 23 by expanding and contracting the slide cylinder 42 by a manual hydraulic pump or the like.

Next, the operation at the time of replacement of the tire 31 will be described from the case of removing the tire 31 attached to the dump truck.
As a preparation, the presser arm 36 is slightly raised in advance to secure a distance enough for the tire 31 to enter between the presser roller 38 and the support roller 33. Further, the position of the hole 32 into which the bolt 50 is inserted is changed as necessary so that the tire 31 can be stably supported on the support roller 33, and the distance between the forks 30, 30 is adjusted.

  Then, after slightly loosening a nut (not shown) that fixes the tire 31 to the vehicle, the dump truck is jacked up so that the front and rear plates 63 and 63 and the support roller 33 of the fork 30 are placed between the tire 31 and the ground. Float to a height that fits in, and remove the nut in that state.

  Then, the tire replacement vehicle 11 is moved forward so as to face the tire 31, and the support rollers 33, 33 at the front ends of the front and rear plates 63, 63 of the fork 30 are inserted immediately below the tire 31. Then, the pressing cylinder 37 is operated to lower the pressing arm 36 and the lift cylinder 18 is operated to lift up the tire changing device 13. As a result, the tire 31 is sandwiched between the support roller 33 and the pressing roller 38.

  Then, the tire replacement vehicle 11 is moved backward slowly. Thereby, the tire 31 gripped by the tire changing device 13 is detached from the dump truck. After the tire 31 is removed from the dump truck, the tire changing device 13 is lifted down, the tire 31 is suspended by, for example, a crane and the holding arm 36 is raised, and the tire 31 is removed from the tire changing device 13.

Next, a case where a new tire 31 is mounted on the dump truck will be described.
First, the tire 31 is suspended by a crane or the like and mounted on the support roller 33. Then, the pressing cylinder 37 is operated to lower the pressing arm 36, and the tire 31 is sandwiched and fixed between the pressing arm 36 and the support roller 33.

  Then, in a state where the tire replacement vehicle 11 is moved forward and is directly opposed to the dump truck, the lift cylinder 18 is operated to lift up / down the tire replacement device 13 and adjust the height of the tire 31. If necessary, the tilt cylinder 22 is operated to adjust the inclination of the tire 31. Next, the slide cylinder 42 is operated to adjust the position of the tire 31 in the left-right direction.

Then, by rotating the rotating device 34 with a spanner or the like, the tire 31 is rotated via the support roller 33, and a fixing hole (not shown) of the tire 31 is aligned with a stud bolt (not shown) provided in the dump truck.
Then, the tire replacement vehicle 11 is moved forward, the tire 31 is fitted into the stud bolt, and the nut is tightened to fix the tire 31 to the dump truck.

As described above, according to the first embodiment, the tire 31 is supported by the support roller 33 and pressed by the pressing roller 38 from above. Thereby, the heavy tire 31 is supported stably.
Moreover, since the mechanism which raises / lowers the tire 31 and the rotation mechanism which rotates a tire are provided, the positioning at the time of mounting | wearing with the tire 31 becomes easy. In addition, since the tire 31 can be moved in the left-right direction by the slide cylinder 42, it is easy to align the tire 31 when it is mounted.

Next, a second embodiment will be described.
FIG. 7 shows a side view of the fork 30 and the pressing arm 36 of the tire changing device 13 in the second embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 7, the front and rear plate 63 of the fork 30 includes a front and rear plate base end portion 63A mounted on a base frame (not shown), and a front and rear plate that is extendable in the front and rear direction with respect to the front and rear plate base end portion 63A. It consists of a tip 63B. As in the first embodiment, the support roller 33 is fixed to the front and rear plate tip 63B.
The fork telescopic cylinder 45 is connected between the front and rear plate base end 63A and the front and rear plate front end 63B.

The pressing arm 36 includes a pressing arm base end portion 36A attached to a slide mast (not shown) and a pressing arm distal end portion 36B that can be expanded and contracted in the front-rear direction with respect to the pressing arm base end portion 36A. A pressing roller 38 and a stopper 39 are fixed to the pressing arm distal end portion 36B via a pressing bracket 55 as in the first embodiment.
The pressing arm base end portion 36 </ b> A and the pressing arm distal end portion 36 </ b> B are connected by a pressing arm telescopic cylinder 44.

  As described above, according to the second embodiment, the support roller 33 and the pressing roller 38 are movable back and forth with respect to the front and rear plate 63 and the pressing arm 36, respectively. For example, by driving the fork telescopic cylinder 45 and the holding arm telescopic cylinder 44 by a manual hydraulic pump or the like, the tire 31 can be moved back and forth with respect to the carrier 23 without moving the traveling vehicle body 12 forward. Therefore, for example, when the tire 31 is attached, the position in the front-rear direction can be finely adjusted, and the attachment of the tire 31 is easier. Moreover, by using this also at the time of removal, removal becomes easy.

In the above description, only one tire 31 is fitted to an axle (not shown). However, the present invention is not limited to this, and two tires 31 are fitted like a rear tire of a dump truck. The same applies to the case where the
That is, when the outer tire 31 is replaced, it may be exactly the same as described above. When the inner tire 31 is replaced, the outer tire 31 is first removed and then the inner tire 31 is replaced. After the tire is removed and the inner tire 31 is replaced, the outer tire 31 may be fitted again.

Further, although the support roller 33 and the pressing roller 38 are illustrated as being arranged two in front and behind, the present invention is not limited to this, and a single roller may be used.
In addition, although the slide cylinder 42, the holding cylinder 37, the fork telescopic cylinder 45, and the pressing arm telescopic cylinder 44 have been described as being expanded and contracted by a manual hydraulic pump, the present invention is not limited to this. That is, it may be extended and contracted by an engine-driven hydraulic pump for driving the lift cylinder 18 and the tilt cylinder 22 or another engine-driven hydraulic pump.

The side view of a tire exchange vehicle (1st Embodiment). The perspective view of a tire exchange device (1st embodiment). The front view of a tire exchange device (1st embodiment). The perspective view of a carrier (1st Embodiment). The perspective view of a base frame and a slide mast (1st Embodiment). P part side view of FIG. 1 (1st Embodiment). The side view of a fork and a holding arm (2nd Embodiment). The side view of a tire exchange vehicle (prior art).

Explanation of symbols

11: tire change vehicle, 12: traveling vehicle body, 13: tire change device, 14: crawler belt, 15: driver's seat, 16: bell crank, 17: lift arm, 18: lift cylinder, 19: bracket, 20: first link , 21: second link, 22: tilt cylinder, 23: carrier, 24: base frame, 25: slide mast, 26: upper rail, 27: lower rail, 28: side plate, 29: pin hole, 30: fork, 31: tire, 32: hole, 33: support roller, 34: rotating device, 36: pressing arm, 37: pressing cylinder, 38: pressing roller, 39: stopper, 40: sliding roller, 41: roller bracket, 42: Slide cylinder, 44: Holding arm telescopic cylinder, 45: Fork telescopic cylinder, 46: Upper bar, 47: Lower bar, 4 : Third link, 49: base mast, 50: bolt, 51: groove, 52: drop-off prevention member, 53: roller fixing member, 54: roller pin, 55: presser bracket, 56: bolt, 57: bracket, 58: reinforcement Plate: 60: Reinforcement plate, 61: Reinforcement plate, 62: Vertical plate, 63: Front and rear plates

Claims (3)

A carrier (23) attached to the traveling vehicle body (12);
A base frame (24) mounted so as to be movable in the left-right direction with respect to the carrier (23);
A slide mast (25) mounted on the base frame (24) so as to be movable up and down;
A holding arm (36) rotatably attached to the slide mast (25);
A pressing roller (38) attached to the pressing arm (36) with the front-rear direction as a rotation axis;
A pair of left and right forks (30, 30) mounted on the base frame (24);
Support rollers (33, 33) attached to the forks (30, 30) with the front-rear direction as a rotation axis,
A tire changing apparatus comprising: a rotating mechanism (34) for rotating the support rollers (33, 33). The pressing roller (38) is movable back and forth with respect to the pressing arm (36),
The tire changing device according to claim 1, wherein the support roller (33, 33) is movable back and forth with respect to the fork (30, 30). The tire changing device according to claim 1, wherein the forks (30, 30) are movable in the left-right direction with respect to the base frame (24).