JP4207182B2 - Machine part or scrap removing apparatus and method using electromagnet - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention prevents scattering of cut scraps and separates and removes them at predetermined positions in metal cutting machines that do not use blades, such as laser cutting machines, yag laser cutting machines, plasma cutting machines, gas cutting machines, etc. It relates to the removal device and method for removing tool parts or scrap using an electromagnet for the purpose.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a conventional laser cutting machine or the like, an invention using an electromagnet has been proposed to remove a work part or scrap generated by cutting (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-165974, Japanese Patent Publication No. 8-15675).
[0003]
The published invention is an invention in which a part of the head is magnetized to attract a workpiece, etc., and the published invention is an invention related to electromagneticization of the cutting head and its demagnetization, and promotes practical use. Both are effectively used.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Both the disclosed invention and the published invention magnetize the head of the cutting machine itself, and the magnetic force is also specified. Therefore, even if it is useful for a dedicated machine, it can be used for other models. There was no problem.
[0005]
In addition, since there are overwhelmingly many cutting machines that do not consider magnet processing, there is a problem that there is no means for promoting magnet processing.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
However, the present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems by merely fitting and fixing to a laser cutting machine or other cutting head, and having the same effect as magnetizing the head.
[0007]
That this invention, the cylindrical portion of the ferromagnetic cover that can indirectly magnetizing head end of the cutter is mounted to the pillar portion of the head, screw fixing, removably secured by a screw fixing, hooking fixing or clamping of the fixing means In addition, there is provided a machine part or scrap removing apparatus using an electromagnet, wherein an electromagnetic coil is installed on an outer wall of the ferromagnetic cover .
[0008]
Next, another invention is a method for removing a machine part or scrap, characterized in that the apparatus according to claim 1 is used, and when the power is turned off, a DC or AC demagnetizing current is applied to the electromagnetic coil. .
[0009]
The ferromagnetic cover in the present invention is pure iron (all conventionally known ferromagnetic materials can be used) and other materials, and the upper part is cylindrical and the lower part is an inverted frustoconical shape (funnel shape). The shape of connecting the two is the basic shape, but in short, it must be a similar shape that can be fitted and fixed to the head of the cutting machine.
[0010]
When a part of the head of the cutting machine is formed of a ferromagnetic material, an electromagnetic coil carrier (for example, an iron cylinder) is fitted into the cutting head, and a part of the carrier is combined with the ferromagnetic material. By abutting, a part of the head can be easily magnetized and demagnetized by turning on and off the electromagnetic coil.
[0011]
At the time of degaussing, a demagnetizing current is set at a time interval before degaussing is started, and a DC demagnetizing current is set to one square pulse or one sawtooth pulse at a time interval after the excitation current is cut off. Can be done quickly and accurately.
[0012]
By the operation as described above, the magnetic force is rapidly reduced, and there is no fear that the parts or scraps are connected to each other or unintentionally lifted up, and can be operated accurately and quickly.
[0013]
Since the removing device of the present invention is tightly fixed to the head of the cutting machine, there is no fear that the removing posture of the removing device moves during use or the mounting posture changes depending on the weight of the parts.
[0014]
Therefore, the cutting machine head and device include screw fixing, screw fixing, latch fixing, and tightening fixing. However, these are examples, and any other simple, easy, and reliable fixing methods can be adopted. In addition, there is no restriction on the fixing method.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, when laser cutting or the like, a cylinder with an electromagnetic coil is fitted and fixed to the head of a cutting machine, and a reverse truncated cone portion connected to the lower portion of the cylinder is magnetized to magnetically attach a cutting part or scrap. And then removed.
[0016]
The apparatus of the present invention can adsorb parts or scraps cut by a head of a cutting machine and transfer them from a cutting place to a separating place.
[0017]
In this invention, the ferromagnetic cover of the electromagnetic coil is detachably attached to the head of the cutting machine, and when the cutting machine is operated (at the time of cutting), the electromagnetic coil is energized and magnetized so as to generate a part. Or, magnetized scraps, moved the head to a predetermined position, then degaussed by passing a demagnetizing current through the electromagnetic coil, separated and removed the parts or scrap, and then returned to the cutting place and continued work A scrap removing method and apparatus.
[0018]
Accordingly, the ferromagnetic cover has various shapes and structures so as to be fitted and fixed to the heads of various cutting machines. Therefore, it is desirable that an off-the-shelf cutting machine can be adopted immediately and can be easily removed when unnecessary. In addition, the new apparatus can be employed in a fully automatic machine without requiring manual instructions if the movement of the head is linked with the ON / OFF of the electromagnetic coil and the demagnetizing function.
[0019]
[Example 1]
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. While cutting the workpiece, magnetize the device of the present invention, magnetize the part (or scrap), carry it to a predetermined position, and then pass a demagnetizing current to demagnetize it, etc. Is released, so return to the old position again and continue cutting.
[0020]
In this way, cutting, picking up and moving parts, moving parts, removing parts and the like, and then returning to the old position and energizing complete one cycle of cutting.
[0021]
[Example 2]
Next, an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b). First, in FIG. 2A, a cylindrical portion 3a of a cover 3 (hereinafter referred to as an iron cover) made of a ferromagnetic material is attached to a columnar portion 2 of a nozzle portion of a cutting head 1 of a laser cutting machine, and a funnel shape of the nozzle portion 2 is attached. The funnel-shaped part 3b of the iron cover 3 is fitted into the part 2a, and the electromagnetic coil 4 is attached to the outside of the cylindrical part 3a of the iron cover 3. In the figure, 7 is a stop screw.
[0022]
In the above embodiment, when the electromagnetic coil 4 is energized, the iron cover 3 is magnetized, so that the funnel-shaped portion 3b is also magnetized, and the cut part 5 or scrap 6 adheres to the funnel-shaped portion 3b. Therefore, if the cutting head 1 is moved to a predetermined position and then a demagnetizing current is applied to the electromagnetic coil, the demagnetization is immediately performed and the magnetic adhesion force of the component 5 or the scrap 6 is lost. Therefore, the component 5 or the scrap 6 falls by its own weight. To do.
[0023]
Next, FIG. 2B will be described. In this embodiment, instead of the funnel-shaped portion 2a of the above-described embodiment, a funnel-shaped portion 2b made of a ferromagnetic material is used, and the tubular portion 3a is fitted on the upper portion of the funnel-shaped portion 2b. Since the funnel-shaped portion 2b is also magnetized by the magnetization of 3a, there is no need to provide the funnel-shaped portion 3b on the iron cover 3. However, if the cylindrical portion 3c is used instead of the funnel-shaped portion 3b, the component 5 and the like are easily magnetized.
[0024]
In this embodiment, if an iron cover that can be fitted to the columnar portion 2 of the nozzle portion is made, it is not necessary to worry about the size and shape up to the funnel-shaped portion, so that the implementation becomes easy.
[0025]
Also in this embodiment, the iron cover 3 is fixed by screws 7 and 7.
[0026]
In this case, if a certain device is added to the application of the demagnetizing current, the residual magnetism is instantaneously eliminated, and the component or scrap can be reliably dropped to the moving position and accumulated.
[0027]
After the part 5 or the scrap 6 is magnetically held in the present invention, the part 5 or the scrap 6 is desorbed, for example, in the sections P ₄ , P ₅ and P _{6 in} FIG. P ₄ is a section in which the electromagnetic coil 4 is energized and the excitation current is interrupted, P ₅ is a time interval section, and P ₆ is a demagnetization section. Blocking section P ₄ is a section to allow as counter electromotive force generated when interruption of the current (-dV / dt) is not increased, on whether rapid transition to section P ₅ as a result . Exciting current, Reduce the current gradually in a section of it without P ₄ to suddenly cut off as shown in FIG. Time of the blocking interval P _4, ie inclined at a current pattern, the like the adsorption interval P ₂ and the holding sections P _3, is characterized electromagnet that is configured for suction, tool parts or scrap shapes, according to size .
[0028]
There are several patterns in the section from P ₅ to P ₆ as described in (a) to (e) of FIG. FIG. 5A shows that an AC attenuation current is applied at P ₆ after a time interval P ₅ , and FIG. 5B shows one square at P ₆ after a time interval P _5. Yes so as to energize the DC current becomes a pulse waveform, also after a time interval P ₅ in FIG. 5 (c), the so energizing the direct current in P ₆ consisting of one sawtooth pulse waveform It is. Further, in FIG. 5 (d), the after a time interval P _5, as the (c) and energizes the DC current that is time and the current value one sawtooth pulse waveform relationships were the opposite It is. Furthermore, after a time interval P ₅ in FIG. 5 (e), the are to be energized continuously the same rectangular pulse current and the (b) at P ₆ the attenuating alternating current (a).
[0029]
When the magnetic force applied to the component 5 or scrap 6 is released as described above, residual magnetism can be eliminated in the magnetized component or scrap as well as the nozzle cover 2 constituting the magnetized electromagnet. . This is because, for example, the magnitude of the residual magnetism can be reduced while the direction of the residual magnetism is alternately reversed by the alternating current decay current, and the residual magnetism is canceled out by the magnetism generated by the negative DC current. In this case, the time interval of P _5, it has been observed experimentally is effective for a short time degaussing interval P _6. For example, in FIG. 5 (b), placing a time interval of 0.1 seconds as _{P 5,} it was recognized that can degaussing interval _{P 6} 0.15 seconds. Figure 5 DC current when degaussing current in the AC and DC as P ₆ of (e) is of FIG. 5 (c), it was found that it may be a pulse current of the sawtooth waveform as shown in (d) .
[0030]
FIG. 6 shows an example of a current pattern for the electromagnetic coil 4. When a high-frequency current having a constant amplitude and a constant frequency is superimposed on a direct current to be applied for magnetic attachment or desorption, the magnetic attachment or desorption of a component or scrap is performed. When the inductance of the electromagnet changes due to the high frequency current, the high frequency current changes. Therefore, detection similar to the above may be performed. Also, disconnection of the electromagnetic coil 4 can be detected as high-frequency current non-conduction.
[0031]
[Example 3]
An embodiment of the iron cover latch according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In FIG. 3A, the upper end 3b of the iron cover 3 is provided with a large number of notches 8 and 8 in the axial direction, and stepped portions 9 and 9 are provided on the inner side thereof, and the iron cover 3 is fitted to the nozzle. In this case, the upper end 3b of the iron cover 3 can be elastically deformed outward.
[0032]
Therefore, when the iron cover 3 is pushed up as indicated by an arrow 10 in FIG. 3B, the upper end portion 3b of the iron cover 3 is raised along the outside of the columnar portion of the nozzle as indicated by an arrow 11, and the steps 9, 9 Is fitted to the step 12 of the nozzle. In this way, the iron cover 3 can be securely fitted and locked to the nozzle (FIGS. 3, (a) and (b)).
[0033]
In addition, the fastening band 13 can be tightened by rotating the screw 14 after fitting the fastening band 13 on the upper outer side of the iron cover 3 and fitting the iron cover 3 on the upper part of the nozzle. The upper part of is tightened and fixed to the outer periphery of the nozzle (FIG. 4).
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention is advantageous in that a ferromagnetic cover is attached to the head of a cutting machine and parts or scrap can be easily and reliably conveyed to a predetermined position.
[0035]
In addition, magnetization and demagnetization can be easily and easily switched, and residual magnetism can be erased during demagnetization, so that there is an effect that work efficiency can be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2A is a partial cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the apparatus.
(B) The partial sectional view of other examples similarly.
FIG. 3A is a perspective view of an embodiment of the mounting device.
(B) Similarly, a partial cross-sectional view.
FIG. 4A is a perspective view of another embodiment of the fixture.
(B) The same top view.
FIGS. 5A to 5E are current waveform diagrams illustrating a control pattern in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a current waveform diagram showing a control pattern on which a high-frequency current of the embodiment of the present invention is superimposed.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cutting head 2 Column part of nozzle part 3 Iron cover 4 Electromagnetic coil 5 Parts 6 Scrap 8 Cut 9 Step part

Claims (2)

The cylindrical portion of the ferromagnetic cover that can head end of the cutting machine with indirect magnetization attached to the columnar portion of the head, screw fixing, screw fixing, with freely fix releasably by latching fixing or clamping of the fixing means, wherein the strong apparatus for removing tool parts or scrap using an electromagnet, characterized in that they have installed electromagnetic coils outside wall of the magnetic cover. A method for removing a machine part or scrap, wherein the apparatus according to claim 1 is used, and when the power is turned off, a DC or AC demagnetizing current is applied to the electromagnetic coil.

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