JP4204765B2 - Production management method, production management apparatus, production management network system, and production management program - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  The present invention relates to a production management method, a production management apparatus, and a production management network system for managing the manufacture and sale of parts and the manufacture and sale of products using the parts.
[0002]
[Prior art]
  In a manufacturer having a parts division that manages the manufacture and sale of parts and a goods division that manages the manufacture and sale of products incorporating the parts, the parts produced by the parts division are external products. In addition to being sold to manufacturers, it may be sold as domestic demand to its own product division.
[0003]
  Hereinafter, a case where the electrophotographic image forming apparatus is the product 2 will be described with reference to FIG.
[0004]
  The parts business unit A1 of the manufacturer A manufactures a laser scanning unit (LSU), which is an optical unit of the image forming apparatus, as the parts 1, and the LSU is manufactured by the product business unit A2 of the manufacturer A and external product manufacturing. Sold to manufacturer B.
[0005]
  The merchandise division A2 and the external merchandise manufacturer B use the purchased LSU to manufacture and sell an image forming apparatus as a final form, respectively. For example, the product business unit A2 manufactures an image forming apparatus and sells the image forming apparatus to an external product sales company D.
[0006]
  At this time, from the viewpoint of the parts business unit A1, the product business part A2 and the external product manufacturer B are both customers who purchase LSU, and the parts business unit A1 made a production plan based on the order date or the order quantity. And manufacture and sell LSU.
[0007]
  For example, there is no superiority to the time of order from the product business unit A2 and the external product manufacturer B, and the LSU order quantity from the product business unit A2 and the external product manufacturer B is respectively a, b (where a In the case of <b), the production plan is usually made with priority given to the order from the product manufacturer B.
[0008]
  In this way, if the sales price of the parts 1 sold to the product business department A2 and the external product manufacturer B is the same, the parts business department A1 can obtain more profits earlier. It is.
[0009]
  However, as an exception, if a << b and the delivery time to the external product manufacturer B is not significantly different from the delivery time to the product business division A2, the delivery time is not significantly different (does not affect). Based on the judgment of the parts business unit A1 or the approval of the external product manufacturer B, delivery to the product business unit A2 may be considered first.
[0010]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
  However, when the product 2 using the part 1 is manufactured and sold in addition to the manufacture and sales of the part 1 as in the case of the manufacturer A, the minimum parts necessary for manufacturing the part 1 are not delivered as planned. As a result, the sales of the product 2 are affected, and as a result, the overall sales of the manufacturer A significantly decreases. The reason why this problem occurs will be specifically described below.
[0011]
  First, the LSU manufactured by the parts division A1 is further composed of major minimum parts such as a semiconductor laser and a lens.
[0012]
  In the case where the minimum part is obtained from an external part manufacturer C, if the minimum part is not delivered from the external part manufacturer C as planned, the parts division A1 manufactures the LSU by the amount not delivered. I can't. Here, when c is the minimum required number of parts and there is no waste in each of the LSU order quantities a and b, c = a + b.
[0013]
  More specifically, when the initial plan is executed according to the order from the product manufacturer B, the parts division A1
  P_{A1, B}= B * p1 (1)
Sales P according to the formula_{A1, B}Can be raised from the product manufacturer B. Here, p1 is the sales unit price of LSU to manufacturer B.
[0014]
  Next, when at least one minimum component such as a semiconductor laser is not delivered from the component manufacturer C at the time of starting the manufacture of the LSU in response to an order from the company's product business unit A2, the product business unit A2 Sales P that cannot be profited from and can be raised from the Product Division A2._{A1, A2} Is
  P_{A1, A2} = A * p2 (2)
          = 0
(∵a = 0). Here, p2 is the unit price of LSU for the merchandise business unit A2.
[0015]
  As described above, the sales record P that the parts division A1 can obtain._{A1, total}Is
  P_{A1, total}= P_{A1, B}  + P_{A1, A2}
              = P_{A1, B}                            (3)
              = B * p1
It is. Sales plan in the initial plan P_{A1, plan} Is
  P_{A1, plan} = P_{A1, B}  + P_{A1, A2}                 (4)
So
  From the initial plan,
  P_{A1, A2} = A * p2
Only sales performance P_{A1, total}Will decrease. Sales results P_{A1, total}This means that the loss increases.
[0016]
  Next, the sales performance P of the product division A2_{A2, total}Is
  P_{A2, total}= D * p3 (5)
        = 0
It becomes. Here, d is the sales quantity of the image forming apparatus, and p3 is the sales unit price of the image forming apparatus. When the merchandise division A2 does not have any inventory regarding the LSU as the component 1, the order quantity a of the LSU is equal to the sales quantity d of the image forming apparatus, so a = d.
[0017]
  In addition, the sales plan in the initial plan of Product Division A2 P_{A2, plan} Is
  P_{A2, plan} = D * p3 (6)
Therefore, if a = 0,
  P_{A2, plan} = D * p3
Only sales will decrease.
[0018]
  Next, consider the overall sales of manufacturer A.
[0019]
  The total sales of the manufacturer A is the sum of the sales of the parts business unit A1 and the sales of the product business unit A2, and the planned value: P_{A1, plan} + P_{A2, plan} Whereas
  P_{A2, total}= D * p3 (7)
Only sales will decrease.
[0020]
  Therefore,
  Regarding LSU unit price p1, p2,
  p1 = p2 (8)
  Regarding the ratio between the sales unit price p3 of the image forming apparatus and the sales unit price p1 of the LSU,
  p3 = 100 * p1 (9)
  Regarding LSU order quantity a and b and image forming apparatus sales quantity d,
  a = b = d (10)
Given this, the loss for manufacturer A's initial plan is
  d * p3 = b * (100 * p1)
          = 100 * (b * p1)
          = 100 * P_{A1, B}                      (11)
Thus, it is comparable to the sales in the case of selling LSU 100 times as much as the current quantity to an external product manufacturer B.
[0021]
  As described above, in addition to the manufacture and sales of parts, when manufacturing and selling products using the parts, if the minimum parts required for manufacturing the parts are not delivered as planned, the sales of the above products will be affected. As a result, the overall sales of the manufacturer are greatly reduced.
[0022]
  In other words, manufacturers that consist of parts divisions and product divisions generally adopt an independent profit system for each division, but individual divisions take into account the profits of the entire manufacturer. In addition, the Parts Division focused only on its own profits and allocated internal and external sales so that the profits were maximized. In addition, there is a concern that the profit of the product manufacturer located on the downstream side is not taken into consideration, and as a result, the profit of the manufacturer as a whole decreases.
[0023]
  In particular, regardless of the difference between the number of parts required for domestic demand and the number of parts required for external demand, if the ratio of sales related to external sales of products to sales related to external sales of parts is large, The overall sales for manufacturers who sell external demand and also for products sold using the parts will be significantly reduced.
[0024]
  In view of the above problems, the present invention manufactures a part using a minimum part, and sells the part internally and externally, and manufactures a product using the part for internal sales. Production management that optimizes each production plan by managing the overall production plan for parts and products so that overall sales are not reduced as much as possible even if delivery is not as planned. An object is to provide a method, a production management device, a production management network system, and the like.
[0025]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  In order to solve the above problems, the production management method of the present inventionIncluding memoryArithmetic processing sectionAnd save the production control tableIn a production management method for managing the manufacture and sale of parts using a programmed computer having a storage unit, the production quantity of external sales parts to be sold in accordance with external demand is input to the computer.The storage unit stores the input production quantity of the parts for external sales in the production management table.Step and the production quantity of the parts for internal sales to be sold according to internal demand is input to the above computerThe storage unit stores the input production quantity of the parts for internal sales in the production management table.Step and the unit price of parts for external sales is input to the above computerThe storage unit stores the input unit sales price of the parts for external sales in the production management table.Step and the unit price of the product to be manufactured and sold using internal sales parts is input to the above computerThe storage unit stores the unit sales price of the input product in the production management table.The step and the arithmetic processing unitRead the sales unit price of the input external parts and the sales unit price of the input product from the production management table,Calculate the ratio of the unit price of the entered product to the unit price of the external parts entered aboveAnd temporarily store the calculated ratio in the memoryThe step and the arithmetic processing unitRead the production quantity of the part for internal sales entered above from the production management table,Temporarily stored in the above memoryMultiply the above-calculated ratio by the input production quantity of internal sales parts.TheCalculate comparison quantityAnd temporarily store the calculated comparison quantity in the memory.The step and the arithmetic processing unitReads the production quantity of the external parts entered above from the production management table,Temporarily stored in the above memoryA step of comparing the comparison quantity with the input production quantity of the part for external sales, and a step of generating an instruction in which the arithmetic processing unit gives priority to production of a larger quantity as a result of the comparison; It is characterized by having a computer execute.
[0026]
  According to this, the production volume of external sales parts, the production volume of internal sales parts, the sales price of external sales parts, the sales price of products manufactured and sold using internal sales parts from an input device such as a keyboard. Is input to the computer, an arithmetic processing unit such as a CPU calculates the ratio of the sales unit price of the product to the sales unit price of the external sales part, and multiplies the calculated ratio by the production quantity of the internal sales part. A series of processing is performed to calculate the comparison quantity, compare the comparison quantity with the production quantity of the parts for external sales, and generate an instruction to give priority to the production with the larger quantity as a result of the comparison. It becomes possible.
[0027]
  In other words, the production quantity of internal sales parts is equal to the production quantity of products manufactured using internal sales parts. Therefore, the production unit price of internal sales parts is equal to the sales unit price of external sales parts. The comparison quantity calculated by multiplying the ratio is a value obtained by converting the sales of the product into the production quantity of the parts for external sale.
[0028]
  More specifically, the production quantity a of internal sales parts, the sales unit price p1, the production quantity b of external sales parts b, the sales unit price p2, the production quantity a of products using the internal sales parts a, and the sales unit price p3. In this case, the comparison quantity is expressed as a × p3 / p2. Since a × p3 represents the sales when the product is sold by the production quantity a, the comparative quantity obtained by dividing the sales of the product by the unit sales price of the parts for external sales will eventually produce the sales of the products as the production of the parts for external sales. It becomes the value converted into the quantity.
[0029]
  Therefore, by comparing the comparison quantity with the production quantity of the parts for external sales, it is possible to compare the sales of the product and the sales of the parts for external sale using the same rule as the production quantity of the parts for external sale. As a result, in addition to selling the parts internally and externally, if the manufacturer of the product using the parts has a higher sales of the product, it will give priority to the production of the parts for internal sales, If the sales are larger, it is possible to make a production plan that takes into account the overall profit, such as giving priority to the production of parts for external sales.
[0030]
  As can be seen from the specific description of the comparative quantity, the sales unit price p1 of the internal sales component is not related to the determination of whether to give priority to the production of the internal sales component or the external sales component. Can take a value. In other words, the internal sales parts and the external sales parts are the same parts, and the sales unit price may be set uniformly regardless of whether they are for internal sales or external sales. A difference may be provided, or parts with different specifications and different selling prices may be used.
[0031]
  In this way, using the ratio between the unit sales price of a part and the sales unit price of a product manufactured using the part, the order quantity of the part is weighted between the internal sales and the external sales. Therefore, even if the order quantity for internal sales is small, if the sales unit price of the product using the part is high, the order is given priority, so the product is manufactured using the part and the part. The manufacturer can greatly reduce the loss against the original plan when there is a problem in parts sales.
[0032]
  The production volume of internal sales parts or / and the sales unit price of products manufactured and sold using the internal sales parts are, for example, the product division that manufactures products using the parts via the network. It may be a form that is input from another terminal managed by the network. Similarly, the production quantity of external sales parts may be input from another terminal via a network.
[0033]
  In addition, the method for generating the priority instruction for parts production may be a form in which that is displayed on the display unit of the computer that executes the production management method, and further connected to the same computer in a wired or wireless manner. For example, it may be notified to other production department terminals by means such as e-mail.
[0034]
  Further, the method of inputting various input values is not limited to an input device, and may be a method of inputting by a communication unit from a terminal connected to a network.
[0035]
  In the production management method of the present invention, in order to solve the above-described problems, the remaining production quantity of the parts for internal sales at the present time is input to the computer in the progress of the priority production performed with priority.The arithmetic processing unit rewrites the production quantity of the internal sales parts stored in the production management table with the remaining production quantity of the input internal sales parts.Steps,
  The remaining production quantity of the parts for external sale is entered in the above computer.The arithmetic processing unit rewrites the production quantity of the part for external sale stored in the production management table with the remaining production quantity of the part for external sale inputted.Steps,
  The arithmetic processing unit isThe remaining production quantity of the input part for internal sales input is read from the production management table and temporarily stored in the memory.Calculated ratio aboveUpCalculate the new comparison quantity by multiplying the remaining production quantity of the part for internal sales enteredAnd temporarily store the calculated new comparison quantity in the memory.Steps,
  The arithmetic processing unit isThe remaining production quantity of the input parts for external sale input is read from the production management table and temporarily stored in the memory.Comparing the new comparison quantity with the remaining production quantity of the entered external sales part;
  A step of causing the computer to execute an instruction to switch to the new priority production when the new priority production is different from the current priority production as a result of the new comparison; Yes.
[0036]
  According to this, when priority production is started according to the above-described production plan, a new comparison is performed based on the remaining production quantity of the priority production currently in progress, which changes as the priority production progresses. Therefore, the optimization and review of the production can be performed again even during the priority production.
[0037]
  Note that the remaining production quantity of the priority production currently in progress is not limited to the form of direct input by the input device, but the production quantity (actual value) actually produced is subtracted from the initial production quantity. Can be obtained more easily. For example, the current production quantity is acquired from another management terminal that manages the actual production and is connected to the computer that executes the production management method of the present invention in a wired or wireless manner, and the obtained value is obtained. It is also possible to use a form in which an arithmetic processing unit such as a CPU performs the above calculation (subtraction) to obtain.
[0038]
  In the production management method of the present invention, in order to solve the above problems, the arithmetic processing unit isRead the remaining production quantity of the entered external sales parts from the production management tableFrom the remaining production quantity of external parts entered above,Pre-set and stored in the storage unitCalculate the difference by subtracting a certain quantityAnd temporarily store the calculated difference in the memory.The step and the arithmetic processing unitTemporarily stored in the above memoryThe new comparison quantity,Temporarily stored in the above memoryThe step of comparing the calculated difference with the magnitude and the arithmetic processing unit generate an instruction to give priority to the production with the larger quantity as a result of the comparison between the new comparison quantity and the calculated difference. And a step of causing the computer to execute.
[0039]
  According to this, when the new priority production reaches a state different from the current priority production by the new comparison, the new comparison quantity based on the remaining production quantity of the parts for internal sales and the remainder of the parts for external sale This is the point when the magnitude relationship with the production quantity of the product is reversed as a result of advancing the current priority production. If the current priority production is switched to a new priority production at the time of this reversal, the magnitude relationship may be immediately reversed again.
[0040]
  Therefore, if priority production is switched each time in accordance with the reversal of the magnitude relationship, problems such as a decrease in production efficiency or induction of production errors due to frequent changes in production may occur.
[0041]
  On the other hand, according to the present invention, the timing for instructing to switch to a new priority production is when the production by the current priority production is further terminated by a certain amount from the time when the magnitude relationship is reversed. It is possible to suppress the problem that the magnitude relationship between the comparative quantity and the remaining production quantity of the parts for external sales is frequently reversed.
[0042]
  In other words, when the current priority production is switched to a new priority production by continuing the production of the fixed quantity, the current priority production will continue until the current priority production finishes the production corresponding to the fixed quantity. The priority production will hold the priority condition.
[0043]
  The priority condition is to make the production with the larger quantity the priority production as a result of the comparison between the comparison quantity based on the remaining production quantity of the parts for internal sales and the remaining production quantity of the parts for external sale.
[0044]
  Therefore, it is possible to prevent a decrease in production efficiency or a production error caused by frequent changes in production.
[0045]
  Note that a certain number of extra productions to be performed is set in advance. For example, the set value is stored in a storage unit such as a hard disk. The arithmetic processing unit can be realized by accessing the storage unit and reading the set value.
[0046]
  The production management device of the present invention is a production management device that manages the manufacture and sale of parts in order to solve the above-mentioned problems. An input unit for inputting the production quantity of the parts for internal sales to be sold in accordance with, the unit price of the parts for external sales, and the unit price of the products manufactured and sold using the parts for internal sales;Stores a production management table that records the production quantity of the external sales part, the production quantity of the internal sales part, the sales unit price of the external sales part, and the sales unit price of the product input from the input unit. With memory,An arithmetic processing unit including a memory, which reads the sales unit price of the external sales part and the sales unit price of the product from the production management table., Calculate the ratio of the above unit sales price to the above unit sales price,Temporarily store the calculated ratio in the above memory,Read the production quantity of the parts for internal sales from the production management table,Temporarily stored in the above memoryMultiplying the calculated ratio by the production quantity of the parts for internal sales,The calculation result is temporarily stored in the above memory.,The production quantity of the part for external sale is read from the production management table and temporarily stored in the memory.An arithmetic processing unit that compares the calculation result with the production quantity of the part for external sales and generates an instruction to give priority to the production with the larger quantity as a result of the comparison is characterized.
[0047]
  According to this, the arithmetic processing unit produces the production quantity of external sales parts, the production quantity of internal sales parts, the sales unit price of the external sales parts, and the products manufactured and sold using the internal sales parts. The sales unit price is taken as an input value, the ratio of the sales unit price of the product to the sales unit price of the external sales part is calculated, the calculation is performed by multiplying the calculated ratio by the production quantity of the internal sales parts, and the calculation result Compared with the production quantity of parts for external sales, and as a result of the comparison, it is possible to perform a series of processes instructing to give priority to production with the larger quantity. The above-described production management method can be realized using a computer.
[0048]
  In this way, the order quantity of parts is weighted using the ratio of the sales unit price of parts for external sales and the sales unit price of products manufactured using parts for internal sales. However, if the sales unit price of a product that uses parts for internal sales is high, parts are produced with priority given to the order, so there is a problem in parts sales in parts and manufacturers that manufacture products using those parts. The loss on the original plan can be greatly reduced.
[0049]
  In order to solve the above problems, the production management device of the present invention has a production quantity of external sales parts sold according to external demands, a production quantity of internal sales parts sold according to internal demands, The unit sales price of the parts for external sales and the unit price of the products manufactured and sold using the parts for internal sales.Is stored in the production management tableAccess the storage,In the production management table above,the aboveProduction volume of parts for external sales,the aboveProduction volume of parts for internal sales,the aboveUnit sales price of parts for external sales,the aboveA changing means for changing at least one of the sales unit price of the product,Including memory,In the production management table aboveUsing the above modified valueAn arithmetic processing unit that performs arithmetic operations,The storage unitProduction management tableThe above storage unit for the unit sales price of parts for external sales read fromProduction management tableCalculate the ratio of the sales unit prices of products read fromTemporarily store the calculated ratio in the above memory,Temporarily stored in the above memoryCalculate the above ratio,UpStorage sectionProduction management tableMultiply the production volume of the parts for internal sales read fromThe calculation result is temporarily stored in the above memory.,Temporarily stored in the above memoryThe calculation result and the storage unitProduction management tableAnd an arithmetic processing unit that generates an instruction to give priority to the production of the larger quantity as a result of the comparison.
[0050]
  According to this, the changing means is manufactured using the production quantity of the external sales parts stored in the storage unit, the production quantity of the internal sales parts, the sales unit price of the external sales parts, and the internal sales parts, At least one of the sales unit price of the product to be sold is changed.
[0051]
  In addition, the arithmetic processing unit uses the changed value to calculate a ratio of the sales unit price of the product to the sales unit price of the external sales part, and multiplies the calculated ratio by the production quantity of the internal sales part. Then, the calculation result is compared with the production quantity of the parts for external sale, and as a result of the comparison, a series of processes instructing to give priority to the production with the larger quantity is performed.
[0052]
  Accordingly, it is possible to simulate which of the parts for internal sales or the parts for external sales should be given priority based on various production quantities or unit sales prices changed by the changing means.
[0053]
  Note that the storage unit only needs to be configured so that the changing means can be accessed, whether it is a built-in type or an external type with respect to the production management device. It may be connected to another connected terminal or the like. Furthermore, the number of storage units may be plural, and each production quantity and unit sales price may be stored separately or in an arbitrary combination. Further, the storage medium constituting the storage unit may be a fixed type, a take-out type or a replaceable type with respect to the storage unit. In the case of a replaceable type or the like, not only the disk form but also a stick or chip form may be used.
[0054]
  If the changed value is temporarily stored in a volatile memory means such as a RAM, a simulation using the changed value can be performed without changing the actual effective value.
[0055]
  Furthermore, when the updated value is set as an effective value, the storage content of the storage unit may be updated.
[0056]
  -The arithmetic processing unit in the production management device of the present invention is in progress of priority production instructed to be performed preferentially,From the production management table above,We newly acquired the remaining production quantity of parts for internal sales and the remaining production quantity of parts for external sales.Temporarily stored in the above memoryCalculate the above ratio,Multiply the newly acquired production quantity of parts for internal sales,The calculation result is temporarily stored in the above memory.,Temporarily stored in the above memoryThe above calculation result and,Compared with the newly acquired production quantity of parts for external sales, if the result of the comparison shows that the new priority production is different from the current priority production, an instruction to switch to the new priority production is generated. .
[0057]
  According to this, when priority production is started in accordance with an instruction from the arithmetic processing unit, a new comparison is made based on the remaining production quantity at the present time of priority production that is currently in progress, which changes as the priority production progresses. Thus, the production can be optimized again and reviewed even during the priority production.
[0058]
  Note that the remaining production quantity of the priority production currently in progress is not limited to the form that is directly input from the input unit, but the production quantity (actual value) actually produced is subtracted from the initial production quantity. Can be obtained more easily. For example, the current production quantity is acquired from another management terminal that manages the actual production, and is connected to the production management apparatus that executes the production management method of the present invention in a wired or wireless manner so that the production quantity is obtained. The calculation processing unit may perform the above calculation (subtraction) using the value and acquire the value.
[0059]
  In order to solve the above problems, the production management network system of the present invention is connected to a first production management device that manages the manufacture and sale of components, and the first production management device via a network. In a production management network system configured by a second production management device that manages the manufacture and sale of products manufactured using the first production management device,The production management table stores at least the production quantity of external sales parts sold according to external demand, the production quantity of internal sales parts sold according to internal demand, and the sales unit price of the external sales parts. With memoryA communication unit that obtains at least the sales unit price of the product from the second production management device;An arithmetic processing unit including a memory,,From the production management table above,the aboveProduction volume of parts for external sales,the aboveProduction volume of parts for internal sales,the aboveAnd calculate the ratio of the unit price of the acquired product to the unit price of the acquired external parts,Temporarily store the calculated ratio in the above memory,Temporarily stored in the above memoryMultiplying the calculated ratio by the production volume of the acquired parts for internal sales,The calculation result is temporarily stored in the above memory.,Temporarily stored in the above memoryA calculation processing unit that compares the calculation result with the acquired production quantity of the parts for external sales, and generates an instruction to give priority to the production with the larger quantity as a result of the comparison, Yes.
[0060]
  According to this, the first production management device obtains at least the sales unit price of the product from the second production management device that manages the production of the product via the network and the communication unit, and sells other parts. The order quantity of the parts for internal sales is obtained by weighting the order quantity of the parts in the arithmetic processing part by obtaining information about the production plan of the parts such as the unit price via the input means such as the communication part or the keyboard. Even if there are few cases, if the unit price of the product using the part for internal sales is high, the order will be given priority, so the part and the manufacturer that manufactures the product using the part will sell the part. When a problem occurs, it is possible to greatly suppress a decrease in sales with respect to the original plan.
[0061]
  In addition, when delivering a part for internal sales to the product business unit, if the product business unit requires a certain part inventory for its own reasons, the second production management device managed by the product business unit Therefore, it is preferable that the quantity of the parts for internal sales is acquired by the communication unit via the network. As a result, the product business department can arbitrarily present the number of parts required by the product business department to the parts business department.
[0062]
  Furthermore, when the first production management device and another terminal managed by an external product manufacturer are connected with sufficient security, the production quantity of parts for external sales is A method of enabling input from another terminal managed by a manufacturer or the like via a network is also possible. In this case, the content disclosed to external product manufacturers is limited to information that can identify parts such as part names and parts codes, and the number of orders for such parts, thereby eliminating disclosure of unnecessary information. It is preferable.
[0063]
  The arithmetic processing unit of the first production management device calculates the delivery date of the parts for internal sales based on the result of the comparison, and notifies the second production management device of the calculated delivery date via the network. It may be configured as follows.
[0064]
  According to this, the first production management device formulates a production plan that takes into account the priority order for the production quantity of external sales parts and the production quantity of internal sales parts. The second production management device to manage can automatically know the delivery date of internal sales parts that can increase the overall sales of parts and products with maximum efficiency, and also change the production quantity of internal sales parts The simulation result regarding the delivery date of the parts for internal sales in the case of making it possible can also be automatically obtained from the first production management device.
[0065]
  As a result, the manager who manages the manufacture and sale of the product can easily formulate an optimal production plan for the product based on the delivery date information of the parts for internal sales acquired by the second production management device.
[0066]
  -The production management program of this invention makes a computer perform each step of the said production management method of this invention.
[0067]
  According to the above configuration, the production management method can be provided to the production manager by loading the program recorded on the recording medium into the service management apparatus. Further, it is possible to make a general computer function as the production management apparatus of the present invention.
[0068]
  Needless to say, a computer-readable recording medium in which the production management program of the present invention is recorded also belongs to the scope of rights of the present invention.
[0069]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  (Embodiment 1)
  Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0070]
  FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of the production management apparatus of the present invention installed in the parts division A1 of the manufacturer A already described with reference to FIG.
[0071]
  The terminal 3 (production management device) is, for example, a personal computer (PC) or a workstation (WS), and includes an arithmetic processing unit 31, an input unit 32, a storage unit 33, and an output unit 34. ing.
[0072]
  The arithmetic processing unit 31 is a part that performs arithmetic operations on information input from the input unit 32, and is, for example, a CPU and a memory. The memory is a memory such as a RAM for temporarily storing the processing result. When performing arithmetic processing by software, a non-volatile memory for storing a program describing the processing procedure is prepared. Alternatively, the program may be stored in the storage unit 33 described later, read from the storage unit 33 during the program operation, and operated on the RAM.
[0073]
  The input unit 32 is, for example, a keyboard, a mouse, a pointing device, an image scanner, a barcode scanner, or the like, and an input value (a quantity of parts to be sold to the outside, a part to be sold as domestic demand) when the arithmetic processing unit 31 performs the calculation. , The unit price of the part, and the unit price of the product manufactured and sold using the parts sold as domestic demand.
[0074]
  The storage unit 33 is a part for storing the information input from the input unit 32 and the calculation result performed by the calculation processing unit 31, and is, for example, a hard disk or an optical disk. The stored contents include an input value input from the input unit 32, an application program describing the processing flow of the production management method according to the present invention, and the like. The storage unit 33 corresponds to the recording medium of the present invention.
[0075]
  The arrangement of the storage unit 33 is not limited to a built-in type or an external type with respect to the terminal 3, and the connection type is a mode in which the storage unit 33 is connected to another terminal connected to the terminal 3 via a network. May be. Further, the storage medium constituting the storage unit 33 may be a fixed type, a take-out type or a replaceable type with respect to the storage unit 33. In the case of a replaceable type or the like, not only the disk form but also a stick or chip form may be used.
[0076]
  The output unit 34 is in charge of soft copying and hard copying of information including the calculation result. The former corresponds to a display such as a CRT or a liquid crystal, and the latter corresponds to a printer.
[0077]
  Next, the processing flow of the terminal 3 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 9.
[0078]
  When the administrator of the terminal 3 starts a production management program via the input unit 32 in order to make a production plan for manufacturing the component 1 such as an LSU (laser scanning unit), the arithmetic processing unit 31 It is detected whether or not the customer's order quantity has been input to the terminal 3 (step 1; hereinafter abbreviated as S1). As the detection method, as shown in FIG. 5, the arithmetic processing unit 31 reads the production management table stored in the storage unit 33 and detects whether information is input in the order quantity input column. Can be done.
[0079]
  5A and 5B show a state in which the arithmetic processing unit 31 displays the contents of the production management table as a production management screen on the output unit 34 such as a liquid crystal display. The figure (a) is the state which displayed all the input values required in the calculation mentioned later, and the figure (b) shows a predetermined calculation by clicking the "Calculation" button prepared on the screen. It is the figure which showed the result of having been performed.
[0080]
  As the customer, as shown in FIG. 9, for example, there are a merchandise division A2 as an internal customer in the manufacturer A, a merchandise manufacturer B as an external customer outside the manufacturer A, and the like. Here, a plurality of product manufacturers B1, B2,... Are assumed as external product manufacturers B, and the order quantity from each manufacturer B1, B2,... Is b1, b2,. Further, the order quantity from the company's product division A2 is a.
[0081]
  Note that the sales of parts 1 to internal customers in the company are defined as internal sales and the sales to external customers outside the company are defined as external sales. Therefore, the parts 1 sold to internal customers in the company may be called internal sales parts, and the parts 1 sold to external customers outside the company may be called external sales parts.
[0082]
  If the order quantity a, b1, b2,... Is not input in S1, that is, if the order quantity input field of the production management table is not entered, the process proceeds to S9, and the output unit 34, etc. In addition,
"The order quantity has not been entered. Please enter."
The administrator of the terminal 3 is prompted for input by displaying an error message such as.
[0083]
  Next, the arithmetic processing unit 31 detects whether or not the sales unit price p of the component 1 is input (S2). As the detection method, as shown in FIG. 5 (a), the calculation processing unit 31 reads out the production management table stored in the storage unit 33, and whether or not information is input in the sales unit price entry field of the part. This can be done by detecting. The sales unit price p is determined by the parts division A1 and is acquired in advance. If the sales unit price p1 for external sales of the component 1 and the sales unit price p2 for internal sales are different, values are acquired for each, and information is input in the sales unit price input field. Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, p1 = p2 = p. However, in the production management method of the present invention, since it is important to obtain the ratio between the sales unit price p1 of external sales and the sales unit price p3 of product 2, p1 ≠ p2 It doesn't matter.
[0084]
  If the sales unit price p of the part 1 is not input, that is, if the sales unit price input field of the part in the production management table is not input, the process proceeds to S10, and an error message is displayed as described above. Prompt for input.
[0085]
  Further, it is detected whether or not the sales unit price p3 of the product 2 manufactured by the product business unit A2 is input (S3). Since the sales unit price p3 is determined by the product business unit A2, it is obtained by inquiring the product business unit A2 in advance or from a terminal managed by the product business unit A2 via the local network.
[0086]
  If the sales unit price p3 of the product 2 is not input, that is, if the sales unit price information column of the product 2 in the production management table is not input, the process proceeds to S11, and an error message is displayed as described above. To prompt for input.
[0087]
  Next, using the input information, the calculation processing unit 31 performs the following calculation. The execution of the calculation can be performed by clicking a “calculation” button provided on the production management screen, as shown in FIG.
[0088]
  Operation 1:
  A ratio pr (usually pr >> 1) of the sales unit price p3 of the product 2 to the sales unit price p of the component 1 is calculated (S4).
[0089]
  Calculation 2:
  Using the order quantity a for internal sales and the above-mentioned ratio pr, a * pr is calculated (multiplied) to obtain a comparative quantity (S5).
[0090]
  Calculation 3:
  The magnitude relationship between the comparison quantity (a * pr) and the order quantity b1, b2,... For external sales is compared (S6). That is, when there are a plurality of external product manufacturers B and there are a plurality of order quantities from each product manufacturer B, a determination is made of the magnitude relationship with the comparison quantity (a * pr).
[0091]
  Calculation 4:
  As a result of the calculation 3, the calculation processing unit 31 issues an instruction to start production in descending order (S7). For example, FIG. 5B shows an example of the production instruction result displayed on the display unit 34. In this example, an instruction to give priority to the production of internal sales is generated by the arithmetic processing unit 31 and displayed on the production management screen.
[0092]
  Thus, the parts division A1 can formulate a production plan for producing the parts 1 in descending order of the comparison quantity (a * pr) and the order quantities b1, b2,.
[0093]
  Each input value necessary for the calculation shown in FIG. 5A is not limited to an actual value, and can be used to perform a simulation by inputting a virtual value. In this case, the arithmetic processing unit 31 functions as a changing unit that updates the stored content of the storage unit 33 with the new value of the order quantity or the sales unit price input via the input unit 32.
[0094]
  For example, each input value is stored in the storage unit 33, the input value to be changed, for example, only the order quantity a for internal sales is changed, and other input values that do not change are read from the storage unit 33. Thus, it can be realized by performing the above calculation using the changed input value. Note that the arithmetic processing unit 31 serving as the changing unit may operate so as to rewrite the input value before the change in the storage unit 33 with the input value to be changed.
The operation may be performed so that the previous input value is replaced with the input value to be changed in operation.
[0095]
  According to this, at the time of production planning, it is possible to simulate and confirm individual optimum production plans when various input values are changed. Therefore, as described in detail later, priority is given to the application of the present invention. This is very effective when finding conditions under which production (priority production) does not change frequently.
[0096]
  After the production instruction in S7, the delivery date and the like are communicated to customers such as the external product manufacturer B and the product division A1 as necessary (S9). For example, a normal delivery date is notified to customers who can carry out production as planned. This delivery date is determined by calculating the required number of production days using a formula or LUT (lookup table) that defines the correspondence between the ordered quantity and the required number of production days, and determining the delivery date from the current date and the required production time. This can be performed by a program executed by the arithmetic processing unit 31.
[0097]
  On the other hand, for customers whose production has been postponed by optimizing production, the delivery date is determined by adding the number of days for postponement in addition to the expected normal delivery date, contact. The above notification of delivery date or production start is related to the ordered quantities a, b... Entered in the production management screen of FIG. 5A by clicking the “notification” button prepared in FIG. It can also be done automatically for the customer.
[0098]
  The effect of managing production as described above will be described.
[0099]
  The conditions of the above formulas (8) to (10), that is,
  Regarding the sales unit price p1, p2 for internal sales and external sales of parts 1,
  p1 = p2 (8)
  Regarding the ratio pr between the sales unit price p3 of the product 2 and the sales unit price p1 of the part 1,
  p3 = 100 * p1 (where pr = 100) (9)
  Regarding the order quantity a, b of the part 1 and the sales quantity d of the product 2,
  a = b = d (10)
In this case, since the relationship of a * pr = 100 * a> b is established, the arithmetic processing unit 31 determines that the priority of the order quantity a of the product business unit A2 is the order quantity b of the product manufacturer B with respect to this condition. And give an instruction such as "Please give priority to internal sales under these conditions" as shown in FIG. In accordance with this instruction, the parts division A1 produces parts 1 for the order quantity a.
[0100]
  Then, sales plan P in the initial plan of Parts Division A1_{A1, plan} Actual sales performance P against (a * p1 + b * p1)_{A1, total}Will postpone production of order quantity b, P_{A1, total}= A * p1. Therefore, sales performance P_{A1, total}And sales plan P_{A1, plan} The relationship with
  -B * p1 = P_{A1, total}-P_{A1, plan}
And sales performance P_{A1, total}Will be lower than the initial plan by b * p1.
[0101]
  On the other hand, the sales of the product division A2 can be produced and delivered as planned by receiving the supply of the parts 1 for the order quantity a as originally planned from the parts division A1. P_{A2, total}And sales plan P_{A2, plan}The relationship with
  0 = P_{A2, total}-P_{A2, plan}
Thus, there will be no loss.
[0102]
  As a result of the above, the total sales of manufacturer A is the planned value (P_{A1, plan} + P_{A2, plan} )
  b * p1 = P_{A1, B}                              (12)
Decrease.
[0103]
  If priority is given to the order quantity b of the product manufacturer B under the conditions of the above formulas (8) to (10), as already shown in detail as formula (11),
  d * p3 = 100 * P_{A1, B}                      (11)
Only a difference occurs with respect to the entire sales of the manufacturer A.
[0104]
  Therefore, as can be seen from a comparison between the formula (11) and the formula (12), the production plan is simply based on the sales quantity of the part 1 without considering the sales (profit) of the manufacturer A as a whole. Compared to the case where the production plan is made according to the order of the order or the order is received, the loss (the decrease from the sales plan value of the sales result) can be suppressed to 1/100.
[0105]
  Loss is used when the actual sales (sales results) are subtracted from the planned sales value, which is negative.
It is the meaning of.
[0106]
  (Embodiment 2)
  Another embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. However, for convenience of explanation, the same reference numerals are given to the same components as those explained in the above embodiment, and the duplicate explanation is omitted.
[0107]
  FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a production management apparatus and a configuration diagram of a production management network system installed in the parts division A1 and the goods division A2 of the manufacturer A.
[0108]
  In addition to the configuration described in the first embodiment, the first terminal 3 (first production management device) installed in the parts division A1 is the second terminal 4 (second production management device) described below. And a communication unit 35 for network connection.
[0109]
  The communication unit 35 is for connecting to the network 51, and in the case of a telephone line, for example, is a modem. Further, it may have a function for connecting to the local network 52 so that mail, FAX, etc. can be sent and received with other departments within the company.
[0110]
  As described above, the first terminal 3 is connected to the second terminal 4 installed in the commodity business department A <b> 2 via the network 51.
[0111]
  On the other hand, the second terminal 4 is, for example, a personal computer (PC) or a workstation (WS), and similarly to the first terminal 3, the arithmetic processing unit 41, the input unit 42, the storage unit 43, and the output The unit 44 and the communication unit 45 are included.
[0112]
  The storage unit 43 stores information such as the sales unit price p3 of the product 2, the sales quantity, and the order quantity a of the part 1 to be ordered, and can be formed as, for example, a product management file. The product management file may be formed as a single file by gathering together information such as the sales unit price p3 of the product 2, the sales quantity, and the order quantity a of the part 1, or may be a unique file for specifying the product 2 Information is assigned to each product 2, and a product sales unit price table, a product sales quantity table, and an order parts quantity table formed in association with the unique information are created separately, and the unique information is used as a common key. The form with which the said information is linked | related for every goods 2 may be sufficient.
[0113]
  Next, the processing flow of the first terminal 3 will be described with reference to FIG.
[0114]
  When the administrator of the first terminal 3 starts a production management program via the input unit 32 in order to make a production plan for manufacturing the parts 1 such as LSU, or the production manager of the commodity business unit A2 When the part 1 is ordered to manufacture the product 2, when the arithmetic processing unit 31 starts the production management program based on the detection of the part 1 order via the communication unit 35, the arithmetic processing unit 31. Detects whether or not the order quantity b1, b2,... For external sales of part 1 has been input from the customer (step 21; hereinafter abbreviated as S21). The customers include an external product manufacturer B and its own product division A2. The order quantity from the external product manufacturers B1, B2,... Is the external order quantity b1, b2,..., And the order quantity from the company's product division A2 is the internal sales order quantity a. To do.
[0115]
  If the order quantity b1, b2,... For external sales is not input, the process proceeds to S30, and as described in the first embodiment, the arithmetic processing unit 31 includes the display unit 34, telephone, FAX, e. Requests input from the manager of the first terminal 3 or the product manufacturer B1, B2,... By means of mail or the like.
[0116]
  From the viewpoint of security, an external product manufacturer B has refrained from reporting and registering the order quantity b by accessing the first terminal 3, but if reliable security is ensured, the product division Similarly to A2, a method of notifying and registering the order quantity b via the network 51 using the second terminal 4 may be adopted.
[0117]
  Next, the arithmetic processing unit 31 detects whether or not the sales unit price p of the component 1 is input (S22). The sales unit price p is determined by the parts division A1. If the input has not been performed, the process proceeds to S31, and the administrator of the first terminal 3 is requested to input by means of the display unit 34, telephone, FAX, e-mail, or the like.
[0118]
  Next, the arithmetic processing unit 31 detects whether or not the order quantity a of the product business unit A2 is input (S23). If the input has not been performed, the process proceeds to S32, and the second terminal 4 is requested to input the order quantity a of the part 1. Specifically, input is requested from the communication unit 35 via the network 51 and the communication unit 45 by means such as e-mail.
[0119]
  In addition, the arithmetic processing part 41 of the 2nd terminal 4 uses the display means of the output part 44, etc. to the administrator of the 2nd terminal 4 when the request | requirement from the 1st terminal 3 is received, or The management department of the commodity business department A2 is prompted to input the order quantity a of the part 1 through the local network 53 connected to the communication section 45.
[0120]
  Next, the arithmetic processing unit 31 detects whether or not the sales unit price p3 of the product 2 is input (S24). When the input has not been performed, the process proceeds to S33, and the second terminal 4 is requested to input the sales unit price p3 of the product 2. The sales unit price p3 is determined by the commodity business unit A2.
[0121]
  Next, since the contents of S25 to 29 as the arithmetic processing performed by the arithmetic processing unit 31 using the input information are the same as the contents of S4 to S8 described in the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted. .
[0122]
  In this way, the first terminal 3 and the second terminal 4 as production management devices are installed in the parts division A1 and the merchandise division A2, respectively, to send and receive the order quantity a and to notify the delivery date of the parts 1. By doing so, both the parts business unit A1 and the product business unit A2 can quickly and easily obtain information necessary for each.
[0123]
  In particular, in the first terminal 3, a production plan is formulated in consideration of the priority order of the order quantity b1, b2... For external sales and the order quantity a for internal sales. It is possible to automatically know the delivery date of the part 1 that can increase the overall sales with the maximum efficiency, and it is possible to automatically obtain the simulation result relating to the delivery date of the part 1 when the order quantity a is changed. . As a result, the product business unit A2 can easily formulate an optimal production plan for the product 2 based on the acquired delivery date information of the component 1.
[0124]
  (Embodiment 3)
  According to the production plan described above, at the time of planning, it was very effective in giving an indication of which customer should give priority to the production of the parts 1.
[0125]
  However, as shown in FIG. 6, as the priority customer production (in the figure, production for the merchandise business unit A2, production quantity x) progresses, the order quantity a apparently decreases to a ', As a boundary value that reverses the relationship of * pr> b, there is a value of a ′ that satisfies a ′ * pr = b. Therefore, if the production for the commodity business unit A2 is continued as it is, the sales for the planned value of the manufacturer A will be decreased.
[0126]
  Here, the above a ′ is represented by ap (x). ap (x) represents a function of the production amount x of the part 1, and is an apparent order quantity at a certain point of time that fluctuates due to the start of production for the commodity business division A2. More specifically, ap (x) = a− (current production amount x)
It shows the characteristic of monotonously decreasing with the increase in production x, and the range of ap (x) is
  0 ≦ ap (x) ≦ a
It is. At this time, the ratio pr and the order quantity b of external sales are fixed values.
[0127]
  Therefore, in this embodiment, after reaching the value of ap (x) that satisfies ap (x) * pr = b (the production amount x at this time is x ′ = a−a ′), the production is performed. Is started, another production (in this case, production for an external commodity manufacturer B) is started. The start of the other production may be a full transition, or may maintain a certain number that greatly reduces the production for the commodity business department A2.
[0128]
  Next, when considering the time of the start of the other production, when the value of ap (x) that satisfies ap (x = x ′) * pr = b is reached, immediately after the start of the other production, ,
  ap (x = x ′) * pr> bp (x) (13)
It becomes the condition that. Here, bp (x) represents a function of the production amount x, and is an apparent order quantity at the present time that varies due to the start of production with respect to the external commodity manufacturer B.
  bp (x) = b− (current production amount for external product manufacturer B)
It shows the characteristic of monotonic decrease, and the range is
  0 ≦ bp (x) ≦ b
It is.
[0129]
  In this case, bp = b−1, that is, the above-described equation (13) is satisfied by producing one part 1 for the external commodity manufacturer B. In Expression (13), when the entire production is shifted to the external product manufacturer B, ap (x) is a fixed value, and only bp (x) is a variable that can change as the production of the part 1 progresses. It becomes.
[0130]
  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6B, using Δb that satisfies Δb> 0,
  ap (x = a ′) * pr <b−Δb (14)
While satisfying the above, it is preferable to switch from the production for the merchandise division A2 to the production for the external merchandise manufacturer B.
[0131]
  As a result, even if the production for the product manufacturer B progresses, the production to the product manufacturer B can be performed by Δb until the above formula (14) is satisfied (therefore delivery after the completion of the production). As long as the value of Δb does not impair the profit of the manufacturer A as a whole, which is the object of the present invention, and the optimum production is performed, the productivity is deteriorated due to frequent changes in the production destination, production errors, etc. It can be arbitrarily set within a range where no occurs.
[0132]
  Furthermore, since the apparent value b (x) of b decreases with the transition and continuation of other production, the production for A2 may be similarly returned at a certain point of time.
[0133]
  In FIG.
  a = 4 (thousand)
  b = 10 (thousands)
  pr = 5
  Δb = 5 (thousands)
  Δa = 2 (1,000 pieces)
  Total production x = a + b = 14 (thousand)
An example is shown.
[0134]
  Δb is a hysteresis amount of production for the product business unit A2 when switching from production to the product business unit A2 to production for the external product manufacturer B, and Δa is from production to the product business unit B for the external product manufacturer B. It acts as a hysteresis amount of production for the product manufacturer B when switching to production for A2.
[0135]
  When comparing the comparison quantity (a * pr) with the order quantity b of external sales under the above conditions,
  a * pr = 20 (thousands)> b = 10 (thousands)
Therefore, the production for the merchandise division A2 is prioritized and started.
[0136]
  As production for the Product Division A2 progresses,
  a * pr = b−Δb
A satisfying
  a = (b−Δb) / pr
    = 1
Therefore, when 3 (thousands) of production for the order quantity a for internal sales is completed, the production is switched to production for external sales.
[0137]
  For example, the switching condition in the case of Δb = 0 (the point indicated by the intersection point Q1 of the production line for the internal sales indicated by the solid line in FIG. 7A and the production line for the external sales indicated by the alternate long and short dash line):
  a = b / pr
    = 2
On the other hand, 1 (1000) extra production for internal sales will be produced. At this time, the value converted into production for external sales is further 5 times (∵pr = 5), which corresponds to 5 (thousands).
[0138]
  Next, at the point indicated by the intersection point Q2,
  ap (x) = ax = 3-2 = 1
  b = 10
So
  ap (x) * pr + Δa = b
B satisfying
  b = 7
Thus, when 7 (thousands) of production for the order quantity b of external sales is completed (intersection Q4 in FIG. 7A), the production is switched to production for internal sales.
[0139]
  For example, the switching condition when Δa = 0 (indicated by the intersection point Q3 in FIG. 7A) b = ap (x) * pr
    = 1 * 5
    = 5
On the other hand, the production for external sales will be extra 2 (1,000 pieces). The total production amount x at this time is 10 (thousand pieces).
[0140]
  Next, the remaining number 1 (thousands) of production for internal sales is performed, and the production of internal sales is completed. Subsequently, the remaining number of production (thousand pieces) for external sales is performed to complete all external sales and internal sales.
[0141]
  Here, the graph represented by the solid line in FIG. 7 (a) represents the progress of production with respect to internal sales, and in terms of total production, 0-3 (1,000 pieces) and 10-11 (1,000 pieces) Shows that production is taking place. Moreover, the graph shown with the dashed-dotted line represents the progress of the production with respect to external sales, and if it says in total production, production will be performed in 3-10 (thousand pieces) and 11-14 (thousand pieces). It shows that.
[0142]
  Further, since the hysteresis amounts Δb and Δa are set, the production is not frequently changed, and a reduction in production efficiency and a production error due to the change can be reduced.
[0143]
  In addition, in FIG.
  a = 4 (thousand)
  b = 10 (thousands)
  pr = 2
  Δb = 2 (thousands)
  Δa = 2 (1,000 pieces)
  Total production x = a + b = 14 (thousand)
An example is shown.
[0144]
  In this case, comparing the comparison quantity (a * pr) with the order quantity b for external sales,
  a * pr = 8 (thousands) <b = 10 (thousands)
Therefore, the production for the external product manufacturer B is prioritized and started.
[0145]
  Here, the graph represented by the solid line in FIG. 7 (b) represents the progress of production with respect to internal sales, and the total production volume is 4 to 6 (thousands) and 10 to 12 (thousands). Indicates that production is taking place. In addition, the alternate long and short dash line represents the progress of production with respect to external sales, and in terms of total production, 0-4 (thousands), 6-
10 (thousands) and 12 to 14 (thousands).
[0146]
  That is, when Δa = 0, the production amount at the intersection Q5 between the production line for internal sales and the production line for external sales exceeds 2 (1,000 pieces), and the production amount for external sales becomes 4 (1000 pieces). At the intersection Q6, the production for external sales is switched to the production for internal sales.
[0147]
  Furthermore, when Δb = 0, the production amount at the intersection Q7 between the production line for internal sales and the production line for external sales exceeds 1 (1,000 pieces), and the production quantity for internal sales is 2 (1,000 pieces). At the intersection Q8 that has reached, the production line switching, such as switching the production for the internal sales to the production for the external sales, is repeated until the total production amount reaches 14 (thousand pieces).
[0148]
  FIG. 8 shows an example of a flowchart when the production for the internal sales is the current priority production.
[0149]
  First, regarding the production for which priority production is performed, the current apparent order quantity ap (x) for internal sales is acquired (S41).
[0150]
  Next, using the acquired ap (x), a comparison quantity ap (x) * pr is calculated, and the result is compared with the order quantity b of external sales (S42).
[0151]
  If ap (x) * pr> b as a result of the comparison, the current production is continued (S45). On the other hand, if ap (x) * pr ≦ b, b−Δb is calculated, and the result is compared with the comparison quantity ap (x) * pr (S43).
[0152]
  If ap (x) * pr <b−Δb as a result of the comparison in S43, the process proceeds to S44 to shift to other production, that is, production for external sales, and ap (x) * pr ≧ b−Δb. If there is, the current production is continued (S46).
[0153]
  Even when the current priority production is production for external sales, since it can be realized by the same processing program, detailed description is omitted.
[0154]
  Another object of the present invention is to supply a storage medium storing software program codes for implementing the functions of the above-described embodiments to a system or apparatus, and the computer (or CPU or MPU) of the system or apparatus stores the storage medium. Needless to say, this can also be achieved by reading and executing the program code stored in.
[0155]
  In this case, the program code itself read from the storage medium realizes the functions of the above-described embodiments, and the storage medium storing the program code constitutes the present invention.
[0156]
  As a storage medium for supplying the program code, for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a magnetic tape, a nonvolatile memory card, or the like can be used.
[0157]
  The program code may be downloaded to the storage unit 33 of the terminal 3 from another computer system via a transmission medium such as a communication network.
[0158]
  Further, by executing the program code read by the computer, not only the functions of the above-described embodiments are realized, but also an OS (operating system) operating on the computer based on the instruction of the program code. It goes without saying that a case where the function of the above-described embodiment is realized by performing part or all of the actual processing and the processing is included.
[0159]
  Further, after the program code read from the storage medium is written in a memory provided in a function expansion board inserted into the computer or a function expansion unit connected to the computer, the function is determined based on the instruction of the program code. It goes without saying that the CPU of the expansion board or function expansion unit performs part or all of the actual processing, and the functions of the above-described embodiments are realized by the processing.
[0160]
  When the present invention is applied to the storage medium, the storage medium stores program codes corresponding to the flowcharts described above.
[0161]
  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the claims.
[0162]
【The invention's effect】
  As mentioned above, the actual planned number of sales is weighted by the ratio of the sales unit price of products using parts to the sales unit price of parts, and parts production planning and sales planning are made. Even when a problem occurs, the loss of the entire company can be greatly suppressed.
[0163]
  If it says correspondingly for every claim, it is as follows.
[0164]
  -The production management method of the present invention is as described above.Including memoryArithmetic processing sectionAnd save the production control tableIn a production management method for managing the manufacture and sale of parts using a programmed computer having a storage unit, the production quantity of external sales parts to be sold in accordance with external demand is input to the computer.The storage unit stores the input production quantity of the parts for external sales in the production management table.Step and the production quantity of the parts for internal sales to be sold according to internal demand is input to the above computerThe storage unit stores the input production quantity of the parts for internal sales in the production management table.Step and the unit price of parts for external sales is input to the above computerThe storage unit stores the input unit sales price of the parts for external sales in the production management table.Step and the unit price of the product to be manufactured and sold using internal sales parts is input to the above computerThe storage unit stores the unit sales price of the input product in the production management table.The step and the arithmetic processing unitRead the sales unit price of the input external parts and the sales unit price of the input product from the production management table,Calculate the ratio of the unit price of the entered product to the unit price of the external parts entered aboveAnd temporarily store the calculated ratio in the memoryThe step and the arithmetic processing unitRead the production quantity of the part for internal sales entered above from the production management table,Temporarily stored in the above memoryMultiply the above-calculated ratio by the input production quantity of internal sales parts.TheCalculate comparison quantityAnd temporarily store the calculated comparison quantity in the memory.The step and the arithmetic processing unitReads the production quantity of the external parts entered above from the production management table,Temporarily stored in the above memoryA step of comparing the comparison quantity with the input production quantity of the part for external sales, and a step of generating an instruction in which the arithmetic processing unit gives priority to production of a larger quantity as a result of the comparison; It is characterized by having a computer execute.
[0165]
  According to this, the production volume of external sales parts, the production volume of internal sales parts, the sales price of external sales parts, the sales price of products manufactured and sold using internal sales parts from an input device such as a keyboard. Is input to the computer, an arithmetic processing unit such as a CPU calculates the ratio of the sales unit price of the product to the sales unit price of the external sales part, and multiplies the calculated ratio by the production quantity of the internal sales part. A series of processing is performed to calculate the comparison quantity, compare the comparison quantity with the production quantity of the parts for external sales, and generate an instruction to give priority to the production with the larger quantity as a result of the comparison. It becomes possible.
[0166]
  In this way, using the ratio between the unit sales price of a part and the sales unit price of a product manufactured using the part, the order quantity of the part is weighted between the internal sales and the external sales. Therefore, even if the order quantity for internal sales is small, if the sales unit price of the product using the part is high, the order is given priority, so the product is manufactured using the part and the part. The manufacturer has an effect that when a malfunction occurs in parts sales, a reduction (loss) in sales with respect to the initial plan can be greatly suppressed.
[0167]
  As described above, in the production management method of the present invention, the remaining production quantity of the parts for internal sales at the present time is input to the computer in the process of the priority production performed with priority.The arithmetic processing unit rewrites the production quantity of the internal sales parts stored in the production management table with the remaining production quantity of the input internal sales parts.Step and the above computer is filled with the current remaining production quantity of external parts,The arithmetic processing unit rewrites the production quantity of the external sales part stored in the production management table with the remaining production quantity of the input external sales part.The step and the arithmetic processing unitThe remaining production quantity of the input part for internal sales input is read from the production management table and temporarily stored in the memory.Calculated ratio aboveUpCalculate the new comparison quantity by multiplying the remaining production quantity of the part for internal sales enteredAnd temporarily store the calculated new comparison quantity in the memory.The step and the arithmetic processing unitThe remaining production quantity of the input parts for external sale input is read from the production management table and temporarily stored in the memory.The step of comparing the new comparison quantity with the input remaining production quantity of the part for external sales and the arithmetic processing unit, as a result of the new comparison, the new priority production is different from the current priority production And generating a command to switch to the new priority production.
[0168]
  According to this, when priority production is started according to the above-described production plan, a new comparison is performed based on the remaining production quantity of the priority production currently in progress, which changes as the priority production progresses. Therefore, there is an effect that the production can be optimized and reviewed again even during the priority production.
[0169]
  -The production management method of the present invention, as described above, the arithmetic processing unit,Read the remaining production quantity of the entered external sales parts from the production management tableFrom the remaining production quantity of external parts entered above,Pre-set and stored in the storage unitCalculate the difference by subtracting a certain quantityAnd temporarily store the calculated difference in the memory.The step and the arithmetic processing unitTemporarily stored in the above memoryThe new comparison quantity,Temporarily stored in the above memoryThe step of comparing the calculated difference with the magnitude and the arithmetic processing unit generate an instruction to give priority to the production with the larger quantity as a result of the comparison between the new comparison quantity and the calculated difference. And a step of causing the computer to execute.
[0170]
  According to this, the timing for instructing to switch to the new priority production is when the production by the current priority production is further terminated by a certain amount from the time when the magnitude relationship is reversed. The problem that the magnitude relationship with the remaining production quantity of parts frequently reverses can be suppressed.
[0171]
  Therefore, it is possible to prevent a decrease in production efficiency or a production error caused by frequent changes in production.
[0172]
  -As described above, the production management device of the present invention is a production management device that manages the manufacture and sale of parts, and sells according to the production quantity of parts for external sales to be sold according to external demand and according to internal demand. An input unit for inputting the production quantity of the parts for internal sales, the unit price of the parts for external sales, and the unit price of products manufactured and sold using the parts for internal sales;The above input from the input unit A storage unit for storing a production management table for recording the production quantity of the sales parts, the production quantity of the internal sales parts, the sales unit price of the external sales parts, and the sales unit price of the products,An arithmetic processing unit including a memory, which reads the sales unit price of the external sales part and the sales unit price of the product from the production management table., Calculate the ratio of the above unit sales price to the above unit sales price,Temporarily store the calculated ratio in the above memory,Read the production quantity of the parts for internal sales from the production management table,Temporarily stored in the above memoryMultiplying the calculated ratio by the production quantity of the parts for internal sales,The calculation result is temporarily stored in the above memory.,The production quantity of the part for external sale is read from the production management table and temporarily stored in the memory.An arithmetic processing unit that compares the calculation result with the production quantity of the part for external sales and generates an instruction to give priority to the production with the larger quantity as a result of the comparison is characterized.
[0173]
  According to this, the arithmetic processing unit produces the production quantity of external sales parts, the production quantity of internal sales parts, the sales unit price of the external sales parts, and the products manufactured and sold using the internal sales parts. The sales unit price is taken as an input value, the ratio of the sales unit price of the product to the sales unit price of the external sales part is calculated, the calculation is performed by multiplying the calculated ratio by the production quantity of the internal sales parts, and the calculation result Compared with the production quantity of parts for external sales, and as a result of the comparison, it is possible to perform a series of processes instructing to give priority to production with the larger quantity. The above-described production management method can be realized using a computer.
[0174]
  In this way, the order quantity of parts is weighted using the ratio of the sales unit price of parts for external sales and the sales unit price of products manufactured using parts for internal sales. However, if the sales unit price of a product that uses parts for internal sales is high, parts are produced with priority given to the order, so there is a problem in parts sales in parts and manufacturers that manufacture products using those parts. When this happens, the loss to the original plan can be greatly suppressed.
[0175]
  As described above, the production management device of the present invention is capable of producing external sales parts according to external demand, internal sales quantities according to internal demand, and external sales. The unit sales price of parts and the unit price of products manufactured and sold using in-house parts.Is stored in the production management tableAccess the storage,In the production management table above,the aboveProduction volume of parts for external sales,the aboveProduction volume of parts for internal sales,the aboveUnit sales price of parts for external sales,the aboveA changing means for changing at least one of the sales unit price of the product,Including memory,In the production management table aboveUsing the above modified valueAn arithmetic processing unit that performs arithmetic operations,The storage unitProduction management tableThe above storage unit for the unit sales price of parts for external sales read fromProduction management tableCalculate the ratio of the sales unit prices of products read fromTemporarily store the calculated ratio in the above memory,Temporarily stored in the above memoryCalculate the above ratio,UpStorage sectionProduction management tableMultiply the production volume of the parts for internal sales read fromThe calculation result is temporarily stored in the above memory.,Temporarily stored in the above memoryThe calculation result and the storage unitProduction management tableAnd an arithmetic processing unit that generates an instruction to give priority to the production of the larger quantity as a result of the comparison.
[0176]
  According to this, the changing means is manufactured using the production quantity of the external sales parts stored in the storage unit, the production quantity of the internal sales parts, the sales unit price of the external sales parts, and the internal sales parts, At least one of the sales unit price of the product to be sold is changed, and the arithmetic processing unit uses the changed value to calculate a ratio of the sales unit price of the product to the sales unit price of the external sales part. Multiply the calculated ratio by the production quantity of the parts for internal sales, compare the calculation result with the production quantity of the parts for external sale, and give priority to production with the larger quantity as a result of the comparison. A series of processes for instructing
[0177]
  Therefore, based on the various production quantities or unit sales prices changed by the changing means, it is possible to simulate which one of the parts for internal sales and the parts for external sales should be given priority. Play.
[0178]
  -The arithmetic processing unit in the production management device of the present invention is in progress of priority production instructed to be performed preferentially,From the production management table above,We newly acquired the remaining production quantity of parts for internal sales and the remaining production quantity of parts for external sales.Temporarily stored in the above memoryCalculate the above ratio,Multiply the newly acquired production quantity of parts for internal sales,The calculation result is temporarily stored in the above memory.,Temporarily stored in the above memoryThe above calculation result and,Compared with the newly acquired production quantity of parts for external sales, and if the result of the comparison shows that the new priority production is different from the current priority production, an instruction to switch to the new priority production is generated. Yes.
[0179]
  According to this, when priority production is started in accordance with an instruction from the arithmetic processing unit, a new comparison is made based on the remaining production quantity at the present time of priority production that is currently in progress, which changes as the priority production progresses. As a result, the production can be optimized and reviewed again even during the priority production.
[0180]
  The production management network system of the present invention is as described above.In the departmentA first production management device that manages the manufacture and sale of products, and a second production management device that is connected to the first production management device via a network and manages the production and sale of products manufactured using the above-mentioned components In the production management network system configured by:The production management table stores at least the production quantity of external sales parts sold according to external demand, the production quantity of internal sales parts sold according to internal demand, and the sales unit price of the external sales parts. With memoryA communication unit that obtains at least the sales unit price of the product from the second production management device;An arithmetic processing unit including a memory,,From the production management table above,the aboveProduction volume of parts for external sales,the aboveProduction volume of parts for internal sales,the aboveAnd calculate the ratio of the unit price of the acquired product to the unit price of the acquired external parts,Temporarily store the calculated ratio in the above memory,Temporarily stored in the above memoryMultiplying the calculated ratio by the production volume of the acquired parts for internal sales,The calculation result is temporarily stored in the above memory.,Temporarily stored in the above memoryA calculation processing unit that compares the calculation result with the acquired production quantity of the parts for external sales, and generates an instruction to give priority to the production with the larger quantity as a result of the comparison, Yes.
[0181]
  According to this, the first production management device obtains at least the sales unit price of the product from the second production management device that manages the production of the product via the network and the communication unit, and sells other parts. The order quantity of the parts for internal sales is obtained by weighting the order quantity of the parts in the arithmetic processing part by obtaining information about the production plan of the parts such as the unit price via the input means such as the communication part or the keyboard. Even if there are few cases, if the unit price of the product using the part for internal sales is high, the order will be given priority, so the part and the manufacturer that manufactures the product using the part will sell the part. When a problem occurs, the reduction in sales with respect to the original plan can be greatly suppressed.
[0182]
  -The production management program of this invention makes a computer perform each step of the said production management method of this invention.
[0183]
  According to the above configuration, the production management method can be provided to the production manager by loading the program recorded on the recording medium into the service management apparatus. Further, it is possible to make a general computer function as the production management apparatus of the present invention.
[0184]
  Needless to say, a computer-readable recording medium in which the production management program of the present invention is recorded also belongs to the scope of rights of the present invention.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing the configuration of a production management apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram schematically showing a configuration of a production management network system according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a processing flow when the production management apparatus weights the ordered quantity.
FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing another processing flow of the production management apparatus.
FIGS. 5A and 5B are diagrams showing an example of a production management screen based on a production management method according to the present invention.
FIGS. 6A and 6B are diagrams for explaining the timing of switching the production by applying the optimum production management according to the present invention.
FIGS. 7A and 7B are diagrams showing the timing of production switching and the progress of individual production by applying optimum production management according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a process flow for switching production by applying optimum production management according to the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing general physical distribution in a production and sales system.
[Explanation of symbols]
  1 Parts (Internal sales parts, External sales parts)
  2 products
  3 terminals (production management device and first production management device)
  4 terminal (second production management device)
31 Arithmetic processing part (change means)
32 Input section
33 Memory unit
35 Communication Department
51 network
  A Manufacturer
  A1 Parts Division
  A2 Product Division
  B External product manufacturer
  p1 Sales price of parts to external product manufacturers
  p2 Sales price of parts to the Parts Division
  p3 Product sales price

Claims (9)

In a production management method for managing the manufacture and sale of parts using a programmed computer , comprising an arithmetic processing unit including a memory and a storage unit for storing a production management table ,
The production quantity of external sales parts to be sold according to external demand is input to the computer, and the storage unit stores the input production quantities of external sales parts in the production management table ;
The production quantity of the parts for internal sales to be sold according to the internal demand is input to the computer, and the storage unit stores the input production quantity of the parts for internal sales in the production management table ;
The sales unit price of external sales parts is input to the computer, and the storage unit stores the input sales price of external sales parts in the production management table ;
A step of storing a unit price of a product to be manufactured and sold in the computer using a part for internal sales , and the storage unit storing the unit price of the input product in the production management table ;
The arithmetic processing unit reads the input sales unit price of the external sales part and the input sales price of the input product from the production management table, and the input product for the input sales price of the external sales part. Calculating a ratio of unit sales prices for and temporarily storing the calculated ratio in the memory ;
The arithmetic processing unit reads out the production quantity of the input internal sales part input from the production management table, and calculates the calculated ratio temporarily stored in the memory of the input internal sales part. Multiplying the production quantity to calculate a comparison quantity, and temporarily storing the calculated comparison quantity in the memory ;
The arithmetic processing unit reads the input production quantity of the external sales part from the production management table , and calculates the comparison quantity temporarily stored in the memory and the input production quantity of the external sales part. A step of comparing;
The arithmetic processing unit, as a result of the comparison, generating an instruction to give priority to production of a larger quantity;
A production management method characterized by causing a computer to execute. In the above-mentioned priority production process,
The remaining production quantity of the part for internal sales at the present time is input to the computer, and the arithmetic processing unit calculates the production quantity of the part for internal sales stored in the production management table. Rewriting the remaining production quantity of parts for
The remaining production quantity of the part for external sale at the present time is input to the computer, and the arithmetic processing unit calculates the production quantity of the part for external sale stored in the production management table of the input part for external sale. Rewriting the remaining production quantity ,
The calculation processing unit reads the remaining production quantity of販用components among which is the input from the production control table, which is above SL inputs the calculated ratio is temporarily stored in the memory Uchi販Calculating a new comparison quantity by multiplying the remaining production quantity of the parts for use, and temporarily storing the calculated new comparison quantity in the memory ;
The arithmetic processing unit reads the remaining production quantity of the input external sales part from the production management table, and stores the new comparison quantity temporarily stored in the memory and the input external sales part. Comparing the remaining production quantities;
A step of generating an instruction to switch to the new priority production when the new priority production is different from the current priority production as a result of the new comparison;
The production management method according to claim 1, wherein a computer is executed. The arithmetic processing unit reads the remaining production quantity of the input external sales part from the production management table , and is preset and stored in the storage part from the input remaining production quantity of the external sales part. calculates a difference by subtracting the in are constant quantities, the calculated difference and the step of temporarily stored in the memory,
A step of the processing unit compares the magnitude and the new comparison quantity are temporarily stored in the memory, and the calculated difference is temporarily stored in the memory,
A step of generating an instruction to give priority to production with a larger quantity as a result of the comparison between the new comparison quantity and the calculated difference;
3. The production management method according to claim 2, wherein the computer is executed. In production management equipment that manages the manufacture and sale of parts,
Using the production volume of external sales parts sold according to external demand, the production volume of internal sales parts sold according to internal demand, the sales unit price of the external sales parts, and the internal sales parts An input unit for inputting the unit price of products to be manufactured and sold;
Saves a production management table that records the production quantity of the external sales part, the production quantity of the internal sales part, the sales unit price of the external sales part, and the sales unit price of the product input from the input unit. A storage unit ;
An arithmetic processing unit including a memory,
The sales unit price of the external sales part and the sales unit price of the product are read from the production management table, the ratio of the sales unit price of the product to the sales unit price of the external sales part is calculated, and the calculated ratio is temporarily stored in the memory. Save to
Read the production quantity of the internal sales component from the production management table , perform an operation of multiplying the calculated ratio temporarily stored in the memory by the production volume of the internal sales component, and calculate the calculation result Temporarily store it in memory ,
The production quantity of the external sales part is read from the production management table, the calculation result temporarily stored in the memory is compared with the production quantity of the external sales part, and as a result of the comparison, the quantity is large. An arithmetic processing unit for generating instructions for giving priority to the production of
A production management device comprising: Production volume of external sales parts sold according to external demand, production volume of internal sales parts sold according to internal demand, unit sales price of external sales parts, and production using internal sales parts and, the sales prices of the products sold, accesses the storage unit stored in the production management table, in the production management table, and production quantity of component the external sales, and the inner販用parts production quantities, and selling price of the parts for the external sales, and changing means for changing at least one of the selling price of the product,
An arithmetic processing unit including a memory and performing an operation using the changed value in the production management table ,
The ratio of the sales unit price of the product read from the production management table of the storage unit to the sales unit price of the parts for external sales read from the production management table of the storage unit is calculated, and the calculated ratio is temporarily stored in the memory. ,
The calculated ratio is temporarily stored in the memory, performs a calculation of multiplying the production volume of販用component among read from production management table above term memory unit, the operation result temporarily in the memory Save and
The calculation result temporarily stored in the memory is compared with the production quantity of the parts for external sales read from the production management table of the storage unit. As a result of the comparison, the production with the larger quantity is given priority. An arithmetic processing unit for generating instructions to be performed,
A production management device comprising: The arithmetic processing unit is in the process of priority production instructing priority to be performed.
From the above production management table, newly acquire the remaining production quantity of internal sales parts and the remaining production quantity of external sales parts,
The calculated ratio is temporarily stored in the memory, performs a calculation of multiplying the newly acquired production quantity of the inner販用components, the calculation result is temporarily stored in the memory,
And the operation result is temporarily stored in the memory, compares the newly acquired production quantity of parts for external sales, the result of the comparison, when a new priority production is different from the current priority production, the Generate instructions to switch to a new priority production,
The production management apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, wherein A first production management apparatus that manages the manufacture and sale of parts, and a second production management apparatus that is connected to the first production management apparatus via a network and manages the manufacture and sale of products that are produced using the parts. In a production management network system composed of
The first production management device is
The production management table stores at least the production quantity of external sales parts sold according to external demand, the production quantity of internal sales parts sold according to internal demand, and the sales unit price of the external sales parts. A storage unit ;
A communication unit that obtains at least the sales unit price of the product from the second production management device;
An arithmetic processing unit including a memory ,
From the production management table, it acquires the production quantity of parts for the external sales, and production quantities of the inner販用parts, and the selling price of the parts for the external sales,
Calculate the ratio of the unit price of the acquired product to the unit price of the acquired external sales parts , temporarily store the calculated ratio in the memory ,
The calculation is performed by multiplying the calculated ratio temporarily stored in the memory by the acquired production quantity of the parts for internal sales, and the calculation result is temporarily stored in the memory .
An operation for comparing the operation result temporarily stored in the memory with the acquired production quantity of the part for external sale and generating an instruction to give priority to the production with the larger quantity as a result of the comparison. A processing unit;
A production management network system characterized by comprising:   A production management program for causing a computer to execute each step of the production management method according to claim 1.   A computer-readable recording medium on which the production management program according to claim 8 is recorded.

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