JP4202145B2 - 単色液体処理システム - Google Patents
単色液体処理システム Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
- H01J61/125—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having an halogenide as principal component
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3681—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits by irradiation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3681—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits by irradiation
- A61M1/3683—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits by irradiation using photoactive agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N13/00—Treatment of microorganisms or enzymes with electrical or wave energy, e.g. magnetism, sonic waves
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
- Medical Preparation Storing Or Oral Administration Devices (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
Description
有利には、この光伝達システムは、囲まれたチャンバー内部への身体の部分の導入を許容し、および/または治療すべき身体領域に容易に、かつ、確実に隣接して配置されるパドル光源(paddle light sources)を含み、および/または全身照射用のより速く、より快適なシステムを提供する
することができる。所望の波長および強度の単色光での標的身体領域への照射により、その表面層の光活性化が所望する結果をもって達成することができる。フィルターを用いて光源出力のサブセットを選択することによって単色出力を発生するか、またはリン光物質を用いて光源出力を他の波長に変換するか、または光源の赤外(熱)をファイバーオプティクスを用いて標的から隔離するシステムはサイズまたは強度において限界があることを特筆する。
装置300によって処理すべき液体は、血液製剤、医薬品、注射用溶液、ワクチンその他の液体系の中から選択することができる。冷却環帯330内の冷却液は、管状領域390を通過する処理液体380の即冷(または温度の制御/適正化)を有利に与え、それによって、望ましくない温度変化が処理液体380に損傷も悪影響も与えないことを保証する。さらに、単色光を発光し、実質的表面領域、すなわち、内側壁365の表面領域全面から処理液体380に向けて内側に伝達する。その全面から単色光が処理液体380に伝達される発光面領域形状は、処理液体380が中央管状領域390を通るときその処理表面形状、すなわち、環帯表面形状に一致または対応する。このシステムデザイン(図5および6)は、液体の取扱いを最小限にすべきであって、供血者からの液体を受血者に対する貯蔵へと輸送するために既にチューブが使用されているとき、輸血された血液製剤に対して特に利点を有する。
図1〜4に図示するように、装置100を用い、光活性化プロセスを用いて血液製剤のプロセシングを刺激するための光源200はその中に配置した。XeBrをエキシマーガスとして選択した。ウィンドウガラスを用いて出力をフィルター透過して、282nm光を除去し、320nmを中心とする発光のみを通した。従来の血液バッグ内に含有された血液製剤を石英プレート108の上に配置し、XeBrエキシマー光源からの単色光で照射した。処理装置内に冷却液を流して、血液サンプルを一定温度に維持し、それに対するいかなる有害な影響をも防止する。血小板製剤を24℃に維持し、その温度にてシステムに冷却液を供給し、血小板製剤バッグを石英プレートの比較的大きな表面積に密着させた。
これらの実験的研究は、治療不応性ウイルス性汚染物質を本開示の処理システムを用いて本物の血液製剤において282nm光を用いて不活性化し得ることを示すように企画された。このシステムをブタパルボウイルス(PPV)を不活性化する能力について評価した。PPV(NADL−2株)は18〜26nmであり、非エンベロープDNA−含有パピローマウイルスであり、それは物理化学的試薬に対して高度な抵抗性を示す。細胞洗浄技術を用いてそれを処理しない。なぜならばエンベロープがないからである。ソラレンおよびリボフラビンを用いたPPVの不活性化は不充分である。なぜならば、小さなゲノムサイズのウイルスはより大きな線量の活性化化合物またはより長い照射時間を必要とするからである。
3単位の新鮮凍結血漿製剤(FFP、約300mL/単位)をプールした。次いで、プールした混合物に1%のPPV母液を添加した(正確な体積は添加時に記録した)。次いで、添加出発物質を3個の100mLサンプルと10個の50mLサンプルに分割した。
6単位の任意濃厚血小板製剤(RPC、約65mL/単位)をプールした。次いで、プールした混合物に1%のPPV母液を添加した(正確な体積は添加時に記録した)。次いで、添加物質を3個の60mLサンプルと7個の20mLサンプルに分割した。添加出発物質の6mLサンプルを60mLアリコートの一つから抜き取り、(必要であれば)pH6.5〜7.5に調節し、次いで、複数のアリコートに分割した。一つのアリコートを直ぐに試験し、残りのアリコートを急速凍結して、−70℃以下でバックアップとして保存した。残りの54mLのサンプルをプロセスの間周囲温度に維持した。インキュベーション後、6mLアリコートを抜き取り、(必要であれば)pH6.5〜7.5に調節し、次いで、複数のアリコートに分割した。一つのアリコートを直ぐに試験し、残りのアリコートを急速凍結して、−70℃以下でバックアップとして保存した。次いで、残りの添加サンプルを図1〜4の装置中282nm単色光で処理した。
血小板製剤および血漿製剤の両方につき、PPVは検出できないレベルにまで減少した。示された最大の対数除去(log removal)は、定量できた検出限界のものである。特別のウェルを最高線量測定用に設定したが、ウイルスは検出されなかった。
試験結果を以下の表に示す。
XeBr源により発生するより長波長の光の有効性を確証するために、282nmにての不活性率と260nmにて測定したものとを比較する試験を行った。260nmは殺菌作用スペクトルのピーク付近である。260nmにて比較可能な強度の光を発光するCl2を用いるエキシマーランプを用いて単色光を発生させた。実験室で培養したコリを用いた。
実施例4は、さらに、波長308nmにてのPPVの除去を示す。表2および3からの282nmにてのデータを含む図12を参照せよ。除去速度は、282nmにての速度よりも著しく速い。この驚くべき結果は、両者の光の殺菌効果を考慮することによって説明できる。UV消毒の標準作用スペクトルおよび密接に関連するDNA吸収曲線を考慮すると、308nm光は260nm光よりも10〜20分の1効果が低く、282nm光よりも約5分の1効果が低い。これは260nmと300nmとの間での血小板製剤および血漿製剤の吸収特性の本質的な変化により影響される数値以上のものである。光学密度は20分の1減少している ― 表3/図12a〜12bにあるデータは、この透過率の増加は殺菌効果の減少を補填する以上のものであることを示している。図13は、308nmにおける血小板製剤および血漿製剤による吸収の減少が著しく損傷を少なくし、ウイルス不活性化を促進することを示している。この驚くべき結果はこの開示の前の部分で論じた散乱の重要性の理解によってさらに支持される。
Claims (5)
- 複雑液体(a complex fluid)を処理するシステムであって、
(a)実質的単色光を発生し、伝達する非レーザ光源;
(b)発光面であって、非レーザ光源によって発生された単色光の少なくとも一部分がそこを通して伝達されるように、非レーザ光源に対して配置される該発光面;
(c)発光面に隣接して配置された複雑液体;および
(d)複雑液体が感応性成分に損傷を与える温度変化を受けることを防止するのに有効で、発光面と熱的連絡している冷却液を含み、
ここに、該複雑液体は、血液製剤、医薬品、注射用溶液およびワクチンよりなる群から選択される、温度変化に感応する成分を少なくとも一つ含む液体であって、該複雑液体は、該複雑液体中に含まれる少なくとも一つの病原体を不活性化する能力を有する物質の不存在下、該単色光に暴露されることを特徴とする該システム。 - 複雑液体が光エネルギーに反応する第1および第2の液体成分を含み、ここに、実質的単色光が、第1の液体成分を実質的に維持し、第2の液体成分を実質的に励起するのに有効である請求項1記載のシステム。
- 実質的単色光が260nmと310nmとの間の波長を有する請求項1記載のシステム。
- 非レーザ光源がXeI、Cl2、XeBr、Br2、XeCl、フィルター透過XeBr、I2およびXeFよりなる群から選択されるエキシマーガスを含む請求項1記載のシステム。
- 非レーザ光源がハウジング内に配置され、冷却液が非レーザ光源と発光面との間のハウジングを通って流れる請求項1記載のシステム。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/805,610 US7381976B2 (en) | 2001-03-13 | 2001-03-13 | Monochromatic fluid treatment systems |
PCT/US2002/007494 WO2002072813A1 (en) | 2001-03-13 | 2002-03-13 | Monochromatic fluid treatment systems |
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JP2004528882A JP2004528882A (ja) | 2004-09-24 |
JP2004528882A5 JP2004528882A5 (ja) | 2005-12-22 |
JP4202145B2 true JP4202145B2 (ja) | 2008-12-24 |
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JP2002571869A Expired - Fee Related JP4202145B2 (ja) | 2001-03-13 | 2002-03-13 | 単色液体処理システム |
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EP (1) | EP1379640A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4202145B2 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2002306699B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2002072813A1 (ja) |
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-
2001
- 2001-03-13 US US09/805,610 patent/US7381976B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2002
- 2002-03-13 EP EP02750606A patent/EP1379640A4/en not_active Ceased
- 2002-03-13 AU AU2002306699A patent/AU2002306699B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2002-03-13 JP JP2002571869A patent/JP4202145B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-03-13 WO PCT/US2002/007494 patent/WO2002072813A1/en active IP Right Grant
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- 2003-09-12 US US10/660,930 patent/US7057189B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1379640A4 (en) | 2006-09-27 |
JP2004528882A (ja) | 2004-09-24 |
US20040121302A1 (en) | 2004-06-24 |
US20020177118A1 (en) | 2002-11-28 |
WO2002072813A1 (en) | 2002-09-19 |
US7282358B2 (en) | 2007-10-16 |
US7057189B2 (en) | 2006-06-06 |
AU2002306699B2 (en) | 2007-03-01 |
US20040115612A1 (en) | 2004-06-17 |
EP1379640A1 (en) | 2004-01-14 |
US7381976B2 (en) | 2008-06-03 |
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