JP4200954B2 - Pneumatic panel - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a pneumatic panel suitable for use as a finishing material such as a roofing material or a covering material.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a pneumatic panel is known as an architectural panel having a structure in which air is sealed between two film materials and the peripheral edge thereof is held by a frame. In this pneumatic panel, there is a sealing type in which a pressure device such as a blower is used to send air between the membrane materials to give an initial internal pressure, and then the edge with the pressure device is cut and airtight. For example, as shown in Patent Document 1, a constant internal pressure is adjusted by adjusting the air flow rate of the pressurizing device with respect to the internal pressure fluctuation due to the atmospheric pressure fluctuation without disconnecting the pressurizing apparatus even after the initial internal pressure is applied. A pressurizing system that maintains the above has been proposed.

However, the above-described sealed-type pneumatic panel has a problem that the internal pressure fluctuates due to the influence of the external air pressure and temperature, and a problem that it is difficult to maintain airtightness for a long period of time. .
On the other hand, with a pressurized pneumatic panel, the internal pressure of the panel can be kept constant even when the external air pressure and temperature vary, but it requires maintenance costs because the pressurizing device must be operated at all times. In addition, since an automatic control device using a pressure sensor is required to keep the internal pressure constant, there is a problem that the initial cost is significantly higher than that of the sealing method.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-137372

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a pneumatic panel that can keep running costs and initial costs low and can be easily maintained.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, a pneumatic panel according to the present invention described in claim 1 is a membrane panel having a double membrane structure in which air is enclosed between two membrane materials, and a peripheral edge of the membrane panel. By suppressing the fluctuation of the internal pressure of the membrane panel by making the volume of the membrane panel variable according to the internal pressure of the membrane panel by applying an elastic force to the outer peripheral frame that holds the part and the surface of the membrane panel And a pressure adjusting mechanism.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the pneumatic panel according to the first aspect, the pressure adjusting mechanism includes a cable stretched along a lower surface of the membrane panel, and pulls the cable from one end or both ends thereof. The cable is configured by a spring mechanism that applies an elastic force in a direction of pushing up the lower surface of the membrane panel.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the pneumatic panel according to the first aspect, the pressure adjusting mechanism imparts an upward elastic force to the presser plate that contacts the lower surface of the membrane panel and the presser plate. It is comprised by the spring mechanism and the supporting member which supports the said spring mechanism.

According to the present invention, although it is a sealing method, it is possible to suppress fluctuations in internal pressure accompanying changes in external air pressure and temperature, and to maintain a substantially constant internal pressure over a long period of time.
Moreover, unlike the pressurization method, it is not necessary to operate the pressurization device at all times, so that the running cost can be kept low and the pressure sensor and automatic control device are not required, greatly increasing the initial cost. Can be reduced. Further, since a mechanical device such as the pressurizing device is not used, maintenance is facilitated.

[First Embodiment]
1 to 6 show a first embodiment of a pneumatic panel according to the present invention. The pneumatic panel 1 includes a panel body 4 including a membrane panel 2, an outer peripheral frame 3, and the like, a membrane panel 2 and the like. And a pressure adjusting mechanism 5 that suppresses fluctuations in the internal pressure.

  The membrane panel 2 has a double membrane structure in which two rectangular membrane materials 2a made of a transparent plastic film material such as an ETFE (ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer) film are overlapped and the peripheral portions thereof are joined. In the membrane panel, air is sealed between the membrane materials 2a. In addition, the effect of heat insulation etc. can be heightened by adding a film | membrane material between the film | membrane materials 2a, and making it triple and quadruple.

  As shown in FIG. 2, an air supply port 6 is provided at a corner of the film material 2 a, and a switching valve 7 that can be opened and closed is attached to the air supply port 6. That is, in this membrane panel 2, the switching valve 7 is opened and the blower 8 is operated with one end of the duct 9 connected to the switching valve 7 and the other end of the duct 9 connected to the discharge port of the blower 8. By doing so, air can be sent into the membrane panel 2. After the initial internal pressure is applied, the edge of the blower 8 can be cut and airtight by closing the switching valve 7 and stopping the operation of the blower 8. As described above, the pneumatic panel 1 of the present embodiment is a sealed pneumatic panel, and is used with the duct 9 and the blower 8 removed from the switching valve 7 after the initial internal pressure is applied. The internal pressure of the membrane panel 2 can be measured by attaching an internal pressure gauge instead of the blower 8 or by providing a system for checking the internal pressure separately from the blower system. As a result, for example, when a decrease in internal pressure is detected, it is possible to pressurize again in the same procedure as described above. It is also possible to enclose a gas such as carbon dioxide or helium instead of the air sent into the membrane panel 2. Furthermore, it is also possible to enclose a solid material such as glass wool.

As shown in FIG. 1, the entire peripheral edge of the membrane panel 2 is held by a fastener 10, and the fastener 10 is attached to an outer peripheral frame 3 made of a steel frame or the like.
For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the outer peripheral frame 3 is attached to the structural member 12 via a joint member 11. In the example of FIG. 3, the outer peripheral frame 3 is configured by a web plate 3 a and flange plates 3 b provided at both ends thereof, and one surface (lower surface) of the web plate 3 a is welded to the distal end surface of the joint member 11. It is fixed. One fixing plate 10a constituting the fastener 10 is fixed to the other surface (upper surface) of the web plate 3a, and the other fixing plate 10b is detachably attached thereto with a bolt 14 or the like. That is, the membrane panel 2 is attached to the outer frame 3 by fastening the fixing plate 10b and the outer frame 3 with the bolts 14 or the like with the peripheral edge of the membrane panel 2 being sandwiched between the fixing plates 10a and 10b. Is possible. A rubber sheet 15 is interposed between the fixing plates 10 a and 10 b and the membrane panel 2 to protect the membrane panel 2. In the example of FIG. 3, two fixing plates 10a are arranged side by side on the web plate 3a, and the membrane panel 2 can be attached to each of them.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 4, in the case of a structural member 12a having a horizontal surface at the top, the outer peripheral frame 3 may be directly attached to the structural member 12a without using the joint member 11. In the example of FIG. 4, the outer peripheral frame 3 is constituted by a strip-shaped plate 3c, and one surface (lower surface) is fixed to the upper surface of the structural member 12a. Each of the fixing members 10c and 10d constituting the fastener 10 is detachably attached to the plate 3c with bolts 14 or the like. Also in this case, as in the case of FIG. 3, the fixing members 10 c and 10 d are fastened with the bolts 14 with the peripheral edge portion of the membrane panel 2 being sandwiched between the fixing members 10 c and 10 d, thereby the membrane panel 2. Can be attached to the outer peripheral frame 3.

By the way, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, the membrane panel 2 swells due to the pressure of the air inside, and has a convex curved surface on both the upper and lower surfaces. A pair of cables 20 are stretched along the diagonal line on the lower surface of the membrane panel 2, and both cross at the center of the lower surface of the membrane panel 2. A spring mechanism 21 is provided at each end of each cable 20, and each cable 20 is pulled from both sides by the elastic force of the spring mechanism 21 to slightly lift the lower surface of the membrane panel 2.
For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the spring mechanism 21 is attached by being attached to the mounting bracket 22 provided with a through hole 22 a through which the cable 20 is passed, the flange member 23 attached to the tip of the cable 20, and the cable 20. A spring member 24 disposed between the metal fitting 22 and the flange member 23 and a flexible tube 25 covering the outer periphery of the spring member 24 are configured, and the attachment metal fitting 22 is attached to the joint member 11 or the outer frame 3. . In the present embodiment, the spring mechanism 21 and the pair of cables 20 constitute a pressure adjustment mechanism 5 that suppresses fluctuations in the internal pressure of the membrane panel 2.

  In this pressure adjusting mechanism 5, at all times (for example, under the conditions of an air temperature of 20 ° C. and an external air pressure of 1013 hPa), as shown in FIG. D1 is formed on the lower surface of the membrane panel 2. For example, when the internal pressure of the membrane panel 2 rises due to the temperature rising from this state, the tension acting on the cable 20 increases as shown in FIG. As a result of the movement in the direction in which the entire cable 20 is pushed out (downward), the volume of the membrane panel 2 increases accordingly. Thereby, the raise of the internal pressure of the membrane panel 2 will be suppressed.

  On the other hand, when the internal pressure of the membrane panel 2 decreases due to a decrease in temperature, the tension acting on the cable 20 decreases, and the spring member 24 contracts and the entire cable 20 is pushed into the back (upward direction). ) As a result of the movement, the depth D1 becomes deeper, and the volume of the membrane panel 2 decreases accordingly. Thereby, the fall of the internal pressure of the membrane panel 2 will be suppressed.

As described above, according to the pneumatic panel 1 having the above-described configuration, it is possible to suppress the fluctuation of the internal pressure due to the change in the external air pressure and the air temperature while maintaining the sealing method, and to maintain a substantially constant internal pressure over a long period of time. Can be maintained.
Moreover, unlike the pressurization method, it is not necessary to operate the pressurization device at all times, so that the running cost can be kept low and the pressure sensor and automatic control device are not required, greatly increasing the initial cost. Can be reduced. Further, since a mechanical device such as the pressurizing device is not used, maintenance is facilitated.
Further, since a transparent plastic film is used for the film material 2a, the pneumatic panel 1 can be used as an effective material instead of glass, which is lightweight and does not have a risk of breaking.

  By the way, the shape of the outer peripheral frame 3 is a square with a side length of about 2 m, the rise (bulge in the center of the panel) is 20 cm, and the outside air pressure varies from 930 hPa (9500 mmAq) to 1030 hPa (10500 mmAq) throughout the year by 100 hPa (1000 mmAq). When the pressure adjustment mechanism 5 is not provided (in the case of the conventional sealing method), the internal pressure fluctuates by 5 hPa (50 mmAq), but when the pressure adjustment mechanism 5 is provided, the internal pressure fluctuation varies by 2 hPa (20 mmAq). It is possible to suppress it.

In the present embodiment, the pressure adjustment mechanism 5 is configured by the pair of cables 20 and the spring mechanism 21. However, for example, the pressure adjustment mechanism may be configured by an elastic cable such as elastic rubber. Is possible. In this case, the spring mechanism 21 can be omitted.
Moreover, as a method for attaching the pneumatic panel 1, there are a method of individually attaching the membrane panel 2, the outer peripheral frame 3 and the pressure adjusting mechanism 5, and a method of attaching them in advance to a structural member. May be adopted. For example, it is also possible to adopt a method of lifting the entire structural member after attaching it to a grounded structural member. The pressurization of the membrane panel 2 may be performed before or after attachment to the structural member.

[Second Embodiment]
7 to 9 show a second embodiment of a pneumatic panel according to the present invention. The same components as those in the first embodiment described above are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is simplified. To do.
In the first embodiment, a pair of cables 20 that intersect each other is used as a member that pushes up the lower surface of the membrane panel 2. However, in this second embodiment, a film presser plate (presser plate) 30 is used. I am doing so.

  That is, in the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the spring mechanism 31 is disposed below the center portion of the membrane panel 2, and the spring mechanism 31 extends from the four corners of the outer peripheral frame 3 (support member). ) 32. The spring mechanism 31 is provided with a spring member 33 that expands and contracts in the vertical direction. A film presser plate 30 is attached to the upper end of the spring member 33, and the film presser plate 30 is moved by the elastic force of the spring member 33. When pressed upward, the center part of the lower surface of the membrane panel 2 is slightly lifted. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, the film pressing plate 30 is formed in a disk shape, and the peripheral edge portion thereof is chamfered. A shaft 34 is erected downward at the center of the lower surface of the film retainer plate 30, and a locking block 35 that restricts the upward movement of the shaft 34 is provided at the tip of the shaft 34. It is attached. On the other hand, the spring mechanism 31 has a through-hole 36a through which the shaft 34 is passed in the center and an attachment fitting 36 in which the distal end portion of each support rod 32 is connected to the outer peripheral portion, and an attachment fitting 36 that is externally attached to the shaft 34. The spring member 33 is disposed between the film pressing plate 30 and the flexible tube 37 that covers the outer periphery of the spring member 33. In the present embodiment, the spring mechanism 31, the film pressing plate 30, and the support rod 32 constitute a pressure adjustment mechanism that suppresses fluctuations in the internal pressure of the membrane panel 2.

  In this pressure adjusting mechanism, as shown in FIG. 7A, the lower surface of the membrane panel 2 is normally pressed against the film pressing plate 30 and a depression D2 is formed at the center of the lower surface of the membrane panel 2. It is in a state. For example, when the internal pressure of the membrane panel 2 increases due to an increase in temperature from this state, as shown in FIG. 9, the tension of the membrane material 2a acting on the film pressing plate 30 increases, and the vertical component increases. As a result, the spring member 33 contracts and the film pressing plate 30 is pushed down. As a result, as shown in FIG. 7B, the recess D2 becomes shallow and the volume of the membrane panel 2 increases. Thereby, the raise of the internal pressure of the membrane panel 2 will be suppressed.

  On the other hand, when the internal pressure of the membrane panel 2 decreases due to a decrease in temperature, the tension of the membrane material 2a acting on the film pressing plate 30 decreases, and the vertical component becomes smaller, so that the spring member 33 expands. Thus, the film presser plate 30 is pushed up. As a result, the depression D2 is deepened and the volume of the membrane panel 2 is reduced. Thereby, the fall of the internal pressure of the membrane panel 2 will be suppressed.

  Thus, also in the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, it is possible to suppress fluctuations in the internal pressure of the membrane panel 2 due to changes in the temperature and the external air pressure. In the second embodiment, the support rod 32 is used as a member for supporting the spring mechanism 31, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the spring mechanism 31 is positioned below the membrane panel 2. For example, a cable or the like may be used if it can be supported. Further, as in the first embodiment, when a pair of cables and the like are stretched along the diagonal line on the lower surface of the membrane panel 2 and pressed upward by the spring mechanism 31, the mode of the lower surface of the membrane panel 2 is set. Changes and the internal pressure fluctuation can be more effectively suppressed. At this time, the cable or the like does not require a spring or a rubber mechanism.

  In each of the above embodiments, the film material 2a made of a plastic film material has been exemplified as the film material. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and other materials may be used as long as they have airtightness. It is also possible to use a film material made of In addition, the film material is not limited to a transparent material. For example, both the upper and lower films may be opaque, or one may be a transparent film material and the other may be an opaque film material. Good.

  In addition, a damper may be attached to the spring mechanism shown in each of the above-described embodiments, so that it can resist fluctuations in a short cycle such as wind, but can change atmospheric pressure and temperature. It is possible to provide a pressure adjustment mechanism that can appropriately cope with slow fluctuations such as fluctuations.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of a pneumatic panel according to the present invention. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the pressurization method of a membrane panel. It is sectional drawing which shows the attachment structure of the pneumatic panel of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the modification of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the pressure adjustment mechanism of FIG. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating an effect | action of the pressure adjustment mechanism of FIG. It is a schematic block diagram which shows 2nd Embodiment of the pneumatic panel which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the pressure adjustment mechanism of FIG. It is sectional drawing for demonstrating an effect | action of the pressure adjustment mechanism of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Pneumatic panel 2 Membrane panel 2a Membrane material 3 Outer frame 5 Pressure adjustment mechanism 21, 31 Spring mechanism 20 Cable 30 Film press plate (press plate)
32 Support rod (support member)

Claims (3)

A membrane panel having a double membrane structure in which air is sealed between two membrane materials;
An outer peripheral frame that holds the peripheral edge of the membrane panel;
A pressure adjusting mechanism that suppresses fluctuations in the internal pressure of the membrane panel by applying an elastic force to the surface of the membrane panel and making the volume of the membrane panel variable according to the internal pressure of the membrane panel. Pneumatic panel characterized by   The pressure adjustment mechanism applies an elastic force in a direction in which the cable stretched along the lower surface of the membrane panel and the cable is pulled from one end or both ends thereof and the cable pushes up the lower surface of the membrane panel. The pneumatic panel according to claim 1, comprising a spring mechanism.   The pressure adjusting mechanism includes a presser plate that abuts the lower surface of the membrane panel, a spring mechanism that applies an upward elastic force to the presser plate, and a support member that supports the spring mechanism. The pneumatic panel according to claim 1, wherein:

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