JP4199210B2 - Wood processing method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a wood processing method for processing wood into a predetermined three-dimensional shape.

  In recent years, wood, a natural material, has attracted attention. Since wood has a variety of grain, individual differences occur depending on the location of the raw wood, and the individual differences are the individuality of each product. In addition, the scratches and color changes themselves caused by long-term use may have a unique texture and may be familiar to the user. For these reasons, wood has been attracting attention as a material that can produce unique and tasty products that are not found in products using synthetic resins and light metals, and its processing technology is also making dramatic progress.

  Conventionally, as a processing technique for such wood, after compressing a piece of water softened and softened, and cutting the wood substantially parallel to the compression direction to obtain a plate-like primary fixed product, this primary fixed product is heated and absorbed by water. There is known a technique of forming a predetermined three-dimensional shape while performing the process (for example, see Patent Document 1). There is also known a technique in which a piece of wood compressed in a softened state is temporarily fixed with a predetermined mold, and this wood is restored in a mold and molded (for example, see Patent Document 2). ).

Japanese Patent No. 3078452 JP-A-11-77619

  By the way, the fact that there are individual differences in wood means that the shaped wood itself is not homogeneous. For this reason, when shaping | molding wood using the conventional processing technique, depending on the shape which the wood should process, it may be difficult to shape | mold all the parts of wood to a uniform density. In such a case, since many residual stresses are generated in the compressed wood, there is a problem that it is fragile and easily changes with time.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above, and it is possible to make the density of the wood uniform regardless of the shape of the wood to be processed, and to achieve high shape stability after processing. It aims at providing the processing method of.

In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, a wood processing method according to the present invention is a wood processing method for processing wood into a predetermined three-dimensional shape, which is a main plate having a substantially rectangular surface. And a main plate portion of substantially bowl-shaped wood that includes a side plate portion that extends along the longitudinal direction of the main plate portion and extends from the periphery of the main plate portion at a predetermined angle with respect to the main plate portion. A primary compression step of applying a force, and the main plate portion compressed in the primary compression step is in contact with a substantially bowl-shaped inner surface, and the portion in contact with the inner surface is at least one of viscosity and elasticity The main plate portion and the side plate portion are sandwiched between a first mold frame made of a material having a material and a metal second mold frame having a recess that is substantially the same shape as the substantially bowl-shaped outer surface of the wood. a secondary compression step of applying a compressive force, only contains the, the two In the compression step, after the first formwork comes into contact with the surface of the main plate portion, a portion made of a material having at least one of the properties of viscosity and elasticity is deformed and the gap with the wood is changed. It is characterized by gradually filling .

The wood processing method according to the present invention is characterized in that, in the above invention, the average compression rate of the wood in the primary compression step is smaller than the average compression rate of the wood in the secondary compression step.

In the present invention, the compression ratio is a ratio between the reduction in the thickness of the wood due to compression and the thickness of the wood before compression. Therefore, the compression ratio when wood thickness r ₀ is compressed in the thickness r (<r ₀₎ is expressed by (r ₀ -r) / r _0. The average compression rate is a value obtained by arithmetically averaging the different compression rates when the compression rate of the compressed wood differs depending on the part.

Further, in the wood processing method according to the present invention, in the above invention, the primary compression step corresponds to the predetermined three-dimensional shape, and the wood is sandwiched by a pair of molds made of metal, and the compression force is applied. In addition, wherein the Rukoto.

The wood processing method according to the present invention is characterized in that, in the above-mentioned invention, after the secondary compression step, a finishing step of matching the shape of the wood with a predetermined shape is further performed.

The wood processing method according to the present invention is characterized in that, in the above invention, the finishing step includes a finishing compression step of compressing the wood.

The wood processing method according to the present invention is characterized in that, in the above invention, the finishing step includes a cutting step of cutting the surface of the wood.

  According to the method for processing wood according to the present invention, at least a portion that abuts on the surface of the wood to be processed is composed of a first mold made of a material having at least one of viscosity and elasticity, and a metal. By including the step of sandwiching and compressing the wood with the second formwork, the density of the wood can be made uniform regardless of the shape of the wood to be processed, and high shape stability after processing. It can be realized.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a compressed wood product formed by a wood processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. A compressed wood product 1 shown in these two figures has a main plate portion 1a having a substantially rectangular surface, and extends along the longitudinal direction of the main plate portion 1a at a predetermined angle with respect to the main plate portion 1a. One side plate portion 1b and two side plate portions 1c extending along the short direction of the main plate portion 1a and extending at a predetermined angle with respect to the main plate portion 1a are formed in a substantially bowl shape as a whole. The thickness (r) of the compressed wood product 1 is almost uniform. The cross section taken along the line BB in FIG. 1 is substantially the same as the cross section taken along the line AA shown in FIG. 2 except that the dimensions are different.

  Next, a wood processing method according to this embodiment will be described. In the following description, a case where the compressed wood product 1 having the above-described configuration is formed will be described. However, the wood processing method according to this embodiment can be applied to a compressed wood product having another configuration. Needless to say.

First, the wood used as the raw material of the compressed wood product 1 is formed from a solid material in an uncompressed state. FIG. 3 is an explanatory view schematically showing a situation in which wood as a raw material of the compressed wooden product 1 is formed from a solid material. In this shaping process, a substantially bowl-shaped wood 51 having a volume obtained by adding in advance a volume reduced by a compression process, which will be described later, is shaped from the solid material 50. Timber 51 taken shape, the main plate portion 1a having the compressed wood product 1 of Figure 1, as the site corresponding respectively to the side plate portion 1b, and 1c, a main plate portion 51a, a side plate portion 51b and 51c, the thickness (r ₀ Are substantially uniform.

  FIG. 3 shows a case where the longitudinal direction of the wood 51 formed from the solid material 50 and the fiber direction L of the wood 51 are substantially parallel, and the surface of the main plate portion 51a is a grid surface. This is just an example. In addition, for example, the shape of the wood 51 can be shaped so that the longitudinal direction of the wood 51 is substantially parallel to the fiber direction L of the wood 51 and the surface of the main plate portion 51a is a plate surface or a memorial surface. In this embodiment, the optimum shape of the solid material 50 may be selected in consideration of conditions such as strength and aesthetics required for the wood. For this reason, the grain 50G is omitted in the drawings referred to in the following description.

  In this shaping process, wood whose longitudinal direction is substantially parallel to the fiber direction of the solid material 50 may be shaped into a flat plate shape. In addition, the solid wood 50 used here is an optimum material according to the use of the compressed wood product 1 among cocoons, camellia leaves, paulownia, cedar, pine, cherry blossoms, buds, ebony, teak, mahogany, rosewood, etc. Just choose.

  Thereafter, the wood 51 shaped in the shaping process is compressed. In this embodiment, the wood 51 is compressed in two steps. In performing these compressions, the wood 51 is first left in a high-temperature and high-pressure steam atmosphere for a predetermined time. Thereby, the wood 51 absorbs moisture excessively and softens.

  Subsequently, the first compression is performed in the same water vapor atmosphere (primary compression step). FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing an outline of the primary compression process, and is a longitudinal sectional view of the wood 51 as seen from the same cut surface as the section of FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, in the primary compression step, the wood 51 to be compressed is sandwiched between a pair of metal molds 61 and 71 corresponding to the shape to be deformed, and a predetermined amount of the sandwiched wood 51 is predetermined. Apply compressive force.

  Of the two molds, the mold 61 that applies a compressive force to the wood 51 from above the wood 51 during compression has a convex portion 62 that projects downward. The side surface of the convex portion 62 is substantially the same shape as the inner side surfaces of the side plate portions 51 b and 51 c of the wood 51. Further, the height H at which the convex portion 62 protrudes downward is larger than the depth h of the inner side surface of the substantially wood-like wood 51 (H> h). On the other hand, the mold 71 for applying a compressive force to the wood 51 from below the wood 51 during compression has a recess 72 that is recessed downward. The shape of the recess 72 is substantially the same as the outer surface of the side plate portions 51b and 51c.

  FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the mold 61 is lowered from the state shown in FIG. 4 so as to approach the mold 71 and the wood 51 is sandwiched and compressed by these two molds 61 and 71. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the same cut surface as FIG. 4. As shown in FIG. 5, the wood 51 is deformed into a three-dimensional shape corresponding to the gap between the convex portion 62 and the concave portion 72.

In this primary compression step, the convex portion 62 and the concave portion 72 have the above-described shape, so that a large compressive force acts on the main plate portion 51a in which the thickness direction and the direction of the action line of the compressive force are substantially parallel. Therefore, the thickness r ₁ after compression is smaller than the thickness r ₀ before compression. On the other hand, the side plate portions 51b and 51c for the compression force is hardly applied, the thickness after compression remains r _0. As a result, after the primary compression step, the thickness r ₁ of the main plate portion 51a is smaller than the thickness r ₀ of the side plate portions 51b and 51c (r ₁ <r ₀ ). The compression rate of the main plate portion 51a may be set to take an optimum value in consideration of the material of the wood 51 and the use of the compressed wood product 1, and the shape of the wood 51 is shaped according to the set compression rate value. (Thickness r ₀ , depth h, etc.) and the shapes of the molds 61 and 71 (height H etc. at which the convex part 62 protrudes downward) are determined.

  After leaving for a predetermined time in the compressed state shown in FIG. 5, the mold 61 is moved up to be separated from the wood 51 ′ subjected to the primary compression. Thereafter, another mold 81 is lowered, and the wood 51 'is sandwiched and compressed by the mold 81 (first mold) and the mold 71 (second mold) (secondary compression step). . This secondary compression process is also performed in the same water vapor atmosphere as the primary compression process.

  6-8 is explanatory drawing which shows the outline | summary of a secondary compression process. 6 to 8 are longitudinal sectional views of the wood 51 ′ as seen from the same cut surface as the wood 51 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.

  First, the configuration of the mold 81 will be described. The mold 81 includes a rubber mold 82 made of a material such as silicon rubber that abuts on the inner surface of the wood 51 ′ and applies a compressive force, and a substantially rectangular parallelepiped mold 83 bonded to the upper end of the rubber mold 82. The mold 83 is provided with a mold 84 that surrounds the periphery of the mold 83 and whose bottom face comes into contact with the upper ends of the side plate portions 51′b and 51′c of the wood 51 ′ during the secondary compression. Of these, the mold 83 can be moved up and down relatively with respect to the mold 84.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the cross section of the rubber mold 82 has a tapered shape in which the width in the horizontal direction becomes slightly narrower as it goes downward, and the bottom surface of the rubber mold 82 is fitted in the recess 72 of the mold 71. It forms a substantially rectangular shape whose area is slightly smaller than the inner side surface of the main plate portion 51 ′ of the wood 51 ′ in the stale state. Further, the inner edge corner portion of the bottom surface of the mold 84 has an R shape.

  When the mold 81 having the above configuration is lowered in the direction of the wood 51 ', the bottom surface of the rubber die 82 eventually comes into contact with the main plate portion 51'a of the wood 51' as shown in FIG. In this state, there is still a gap between the rubber mold 82 and the wood 51 ′. Thereafter, when the mold 83 that can move up and down with respect to the mold 84 is further lowered while the mold 84 is kept stationary, the rubber mold 82 is deformed by being pressed in the vertical direction, and the wood Gradually fill the gap that had occurred between 51 '. At this time, the rubber mold 82 can be smoothly deformed by the tapered shape of the rubber mold 82 and the R shape of the inner edge corner portion of the bottom surface of the mold 84.

  When the rubber mold 82 completely fills the gap with the wood 51 'and reaches a state where a predetermined compressive force is applied to the wood 51', the mold 83 stops descending, and the state is maintained for a predetermined time. Hold. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a situation where the rubber mold 82 is compressing the wood 51 ′. In the state shown in the figure, due to the characteristics of the rubber mold 82, a uniform compressive force acts on the wood 51 ′ from the rubber mold 82 regardless of the location.

In the state shown in FIG. 8, the wood 51 ′ is left for a predetermined time, and then the compression is released to dry the wood 51 ′. As a result, the compressed wood product 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is completed. By going through the two compression steps, the density (specific gravity) of the compressed wood product 1 becomes substantially uniform, and the strength thereof becomes substantially uniform. The average value (average compression ratio) of the compression ratio in the thickness direction of the compressed wood product 1 formed from the wood 51 is about 0.5 to 0.7, and the thickness r shown in FIG. It becomes about 30 to 50% of the thickness r ₀ (see FIG. 4) of the wood 51 taken before compression.

In addition, it is more preferable if the average compression rate of the secondary compression process which determines the final shape of the compressed wood product 1 is larger than the average compression rate in the primary compression process. In the case of the present embodiment, in the primary compression step, the compression ratio at the main plate portion is (r ₀ −r ₁ ) / r ₀ and the compression rate at the side plate portion is 0, so the average compression rate is (r ₀ the -r ₁₎ / 2r _0. On the other hand, in the secondary compression step, the compression ratio of the main plate portion is (r ₁ −r) / r ₁ , and the compression rate of the side plate portion is (r ₀ −r) / r _0. The rate is {(r ₀ (r ₁ −r) + r ₁ (r ₀ −r)] / 2r ₀ r ₁ , whereby the average compression rate of the secondary compression step exceeds the average compression rate of the primary compression step. The condition for this is r ₁ > r.In other words, when the compressed wooden product 1 is formed from the wood 51, in order for the average compression rate of the secondary compression step to exceed the average compression rate of the primary compression step, secondary compression is required. The thickness of the main plate portion may be reduced depending on the process.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an application example of the compressed wood product 1 formed as described above, and more specifically, a perspective view showing an external configuration of a digital camera using the compressed wood product 1 as an exterior material. is there. The digital camera 100 shown in the figure includes a casing-shaped exterior material formed by combining two cover members 2 and 3 formed by appropriately providing an opening, a notch or the like in the compressed wood product 1. The exterior material includes a control circuit that performs drive control related to imaging processing and the like, a solid-state imaging device such as a CCD and a CMOS, and a microphone and a speaker that perform audio input and output. Various electronic members and optical members are accommodated (not shown).

  FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the cover members 2 and 3. As shown in the figure, the cover members 2 and 3 are obtained by appropriately providing an opening or notch in the compressed wood product 1. Among these, the main plate portion 2 a of the cover member 2 is formed with a cylindrical opening 21 that exposes the imaging unit 4 including the imaging lens and a rectangular parallelepiped opening 22 that exposes the flash 5. The side plate portions 2b and 2c of the cover member 2 are provided with a semi-cylindrical cutout 23 and a rectangular parallelepiped cutout 24, respectively. It is more preferable that the thickness of the cover members 2 and 3 is substantially uniform, and the thickness value is about 1.6 mm.

  On the other hand, the main plate portion 3a of the cover member 3 has a rectangular parallelepiped opening that exposes the display portion 6 that is realized by using a liquid crystal display, a plasma display, an organic EL display, or the like to display image information or character information. A portion 31 is formed. The side plate portion 3b of the cover member 3 is provided with a semi-cylindrical cutout 32 that forms an opening 41 that exposes the shutter button 7 in combination with the cutout 23 of the cover member 2. Further, the side plate portion 3c has a notch 33 that forms an opening 42 that exposes an interface for connection to an external device (including a DC input terminal, a USB connection terminal, etc.) in combination with the notch 24 of the cover member 2. Is provided.

  The openings and notches described above may be formed in a lump when the raw material wood is formed from the solid material 50, or may be formed by cutting, drilling or the like after the primary compression process or the secondary compression process. Also good. It should be noted that an opening for attaching the finder and an opening for displaying an input key for receiving an operation instruction signal may be further provided at an appropriate position, or a sound for outputting a sound generated by a speaker inside the exterior material. The output hole may be formed at an appropriate position.

  When the compressed wood product 1 is applied as an exterior material of the digital camera 100 as described above, the grain and irregularities of the wood on the exterior material surface play a role of preventing slipping, so that the operability of the digital camera 100 can be improved. In this sense, the compressed wood product formed by the wood processing method according to the present embodiment is an electronic device other than a digital camera, for example, a portable communication terminal such as a mobile phone, PHS or PDA, a portable audio device, an IC. It can also be applied to exterior materials for recorders, portable televisions, portable radios, remote controls for various home appliances, digital video, and the like.

  According to the embodiment of the present invention described above, the first mold frame made of a material having at least one of the properties of viscosity and elasticity at least in contact with the wood surface to be processed, and metal By sandwiching and compressing the wood with the second mold made of, the density of the wood can be made uniform regardless of the shape of the wood to be processed. As a result, it is possible to impart a uniform strength to the compressed wood regardless of its shape.

  Further, according to this embodiment, it is possible to reduce the residual stress inside the compressed wood, and to produce a compressed wooden product with high shape stability that is hard to break and hardly changes over time. In particular, by compressing with a rubber mold, cracks are generated even in places that are harder than other parts, such as a section of wood, and that are prone to cracking by compression with a mold. A uniform compressive force can be applied without any problem, leading to an improvement in yield.

(Other embodiments)
The best mode for carrying out the present invention has been described in detail so far, but the present invention is not limited only to the above-described embodiment. For example, after a wood shaping process, a secondary compression process using a rubber mold may be performed without performing the primary compression process.

  Moreover, you may further perform the finishing process for matching the shape with the predetermined | prescribed shape with respect to the timber after performing a secondary compression process. As this finishing step, a tertiary compression step (finishing compression step) in which compression is performed using a predetermined mold having a higher dimensional accuracy than the rubber mold can be performed in a water vapor atmosphere similar to the primary or secondary compression step. . By performing such a tertiary compression step, the shape of the wood can be adjusted to a predetermined shape with higher accuracy.

  On the other hand, you may perform the cutting process which arranges the shape of the wood surface by cutting the wood surface as a finishing process. This cutting process is suitable, for example, in a situation where the surface is flattened when there is a knot in the wood and the thickness of the knot portion remains thicker than the thickness of the other portions. By performing such a cutting process, it becomes possible to match the shape of the wood to a predetermined shape with higher accuracy, as in the case of performing the tertiary compression process. Of course, as the finishing process, both the above-described tertiary compression process and the cutting process may be performed in a predetermined order. Furthermore, also when performing the compression process by a rubber mold following the above-mentioned shaping process, a finishing process can be performed after the compression process.

  By the way, in the above-described embodiment, the compression force is applied to the wood using a rubber mold that is an elastic body in the secondary compression step. For example, a more general polymer gel is included instead of such a rubber mold. A mold made of a viscoelastic body, clay, or the like may be used. In this sense, a mold formed of a material having at least one of viscosity and elasticity can be applied as the mold 81.

  As is clear from the above description, the present invention can include various embodiments and the like not described herein, and within the scope not departing from the technical idea specified by the claims. Various design changes and the like can be made.

It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the compression wooden product formed by the processing method of the wood which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the condition which shapes wood from the solid material of an uncompressed state. It is explanatory drawing which shows the outline | summary of the primary compression process of the processing method of the timber which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state at the time of the wood compression in a primary compression process. In the secondary compression process of the processing method of the timber concerning one embodiment of the present invention, it is a longitudinal section showing the state when descending the formwork above the timber. In the secondary compression process of the processing method of the timber concerning one embodiment of the present invention, it is a longitudinal section showing the state when the formwork above the timber contacts the timber. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state at the time of wood compression in a secondary compression process. It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance structure of the digital camera which applied the compressed wood product of FIG. 1 as an exterior material. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the cover member which exterior | wraps a digital camera.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Compressed wood product 2, 3 Cover member 1a, 2a, 3a, 51a, 51'a Main board part 1b, 1c, 2b, 2c, 3b, 3c, 51b, 51'b, 51c, 51'c Side board part 4 Imaging part 5 Flash 6 Display 7 Shutter button 21, 22, 31, 41, 42 Opening 50 Solid wood 50G Wood 51, 51 'Wood 61, 71, 81 Mold frame 62 Convex 72 Concave 82 Rubber mold 83, 84 Mold 100 Digital camera

Claims (6)

A wood processing method for processing wood into a predetermined three-dimensional shape,
A substantially bowl-like shape comprising a main plate portion having a substantially rectangular surface and a side plate portion extending along the longitudinal direction of the main plate portion and extending from the periphery of the main plate portion at a predetermined angle with respect to the main plate portion. A primary compression step of applying a compressive force to the main plate portion of the wood of
A first contact made of a material having at least one of viscosity and elasticity in contact with a substantially bowl-shaped inner side surface of the wood that has compressed the main plate portion in the primary compression step . Secondary compression for applying a compressive force to the main plate portion and the side plate portion by sandwiching the metal plate and a second metal mold having a recess that is substantially the same shape as the substantially bowl-shaped outer surface of the wood. Process,
Only including,
The secondary compression step includes
After the first formwork comes into contact with the surface of the main plate portion, a portion made of a material having at least one of the properties of viscosity and elasticity is gradually deformed to gradually fill a gap with the wood. A method for processing wood, which is characterized by being followed. The wood processing method according to claim 1 , wherein an average compression rate of the wood in the primary compression step is smaller than an average compression rate of the wood in the secondary compression step . The primary compression step includes
The wood processing method according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein a compression force is applied by sandwiching the wood by a pair of metal molds corresponding to the predetermined three-dimensional shape . The wood processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a finishing step of adjusting the shape of the wood to a predetermined shape after the secondary compression step . The wood finishing method according to claim 4 , wherein the finishing step includes a finishing compression step of compressing the wood. The wood finishing method according to claim 4 , wherein the finishing step includes a cutting step of cutting the surface of the wood.

Images