JP4175445B2 - Hot water supply system and structure including the hot water supply system - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a hot water supply system and a building using the hot water supply system, and more specifically, a hot water supply system using a cascade-type heat storage tank whose efficiency is improved by making heat transfer into a cascade type, and The present invention relates to a building to which hot water is supplied by a hot water supply system.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In Japan, as the preference for amenity increases, consumer energy consumption, in particular, tends to increase, and it is necessary to further promote energy saving while adapting to lifestyle and social needs. In addition, it is necessary to reduce the deterioration of the global environment due to the increase in energy consumption, the peak of power consumption in urban areas, and the problem of load leveling of power consumption. Furthermore, the power demand in recent years is characterized by a twin-peak type demand curve that has a peak not only in summer but also in winter with the rapid spread of heat pumps such as air conditioners. There is a need to harmonize urban dwelling with energy consumption by building a rational energy system that meets a certain air conditioning demand.
[0003]
There are several forms of energy, but the final form of energy required in houses such as air conditioning and hot water supply is often thermal energy. Thermal energy can be stored by using an appropriate heat storage system, and by incorporating the heat storage system, it is possible to adjust the heat supply side and the demand side in terms of time and quantity, and level the power consumption. It is possible to effectively achieve energy saving from the standpoints of efficiency, heat source equipment efficiency, and heat recovery. In addition, in order to effectively use energy that is not yet effectively utilized, such as exhaust heat and solar heat, which is unstable, it is necessary to use a heat storage system.
[0004]
Conventionally, various heat storage systems have been proposed for the above-described purpose. The conventional heat storage system uses heat of a single temperature supplied from a single temperature heat storage tank, and it becomes necessary to use a separate heat source for the heat storage tank corresponding to each temperature. It is desired for a heat storage tank to achieve energy saving by making more effective use of energy.
[0005]
In other words, ordinary heat sources use fuels such as gas and oil, and these fossil fuels have a high combustion temperature of several hundred degrees. If this heat is used for heating to give a temperature of 100 ° C. or less from the beginning, it cannot be said that the heat energy is fully utilized. In order to use heat more rationally, it is desirable to perform so-called cascade heat use that uses heat stepwise in consideration of the required temperature level.
[0006]
The cascade heat storage system described above stores heat obtained from various heat sources such as co-generation, solar heat, and domestic wastewater according to temperature range, and supplies heat that meets the required temperature level according to the heat demand. It is a heat storage system.
[0007]
Such a cascade-type heat storage tank makes use of the difference in density due to the temperature of the water that is the heat storage medium during heat storage, so that water with high temperature and low density does not mix with water with low temperature and high density. In addition, thermal stratification is formed in the heat storage tank in the vertical direction to store heat, and the temperature level is mixed and the temperature level is uniformed to prevent a decrease in thermal efficiency. Therefore, if the hot water supply system using the cascade heat storage tank as described above can be provided, it is possible to provide a hot water supply system that can further effectively use energy.
[0008]
In addition, if a building using the above-mentioned hot water supply system can be provided, it will be possible to contribute to the problem of energy demand in urban residences, and to the problems such as deterioration of the global environment, peak cut of power and additional leveling. Can contribute greatly.
[0009]
The present inventor has studied the cascade heat storage tank from the above viewpoint, and has reported that a heat storage tank of sufficient temperature stratification type can be provided so far for the heat storage tank that performs heat storage in a cascade type. The above-described temperature stratification is formed by conditions such as hot water circulation for forming the temperature stratification, the shape of the hot water supply / drain port, and the hot water temperature. Therefore, while maintaining such conditions, the demand for hot water, such as water heaters, floor heaters, and air conditioners, differing from the cascade heat storage tank in which this temperature stratification is formed, and the demand that fluctuates seasonally. There is a demand for a hot water supply system capable of stably supplying hot water to the means, and a building to which hot water is supplied by the hot water supply system.
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
[0010]
In the present invention, by effectively using the above-described temperature stratification type heat storage tank, in addition to the function of efficiently storing heat, among the heat stored as temperature stratification, high-temperature heat such as hot water supply having a high temperature from the high-temperature layer. By supplying hot water from a lower temperature layer to heat demand such as heating, which can be supplied at a low temperature compared to hot water supply, it is possible to supply thermal energy in a form most suitable for the usage form, that is, It is an object of the present invention to provide a hot water supply system using a cascade-type heat storage layer capable of providing hot water and a building using the hot water supply system.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The above object of the present invention is achieved by a hot water supply system of the present invention and a building including the hot water supply system.
[0012]
That is, according to the invention of claim 1 of the present invention, a single heat storage layer in which the high temperature layer, the medium temperature layer, and the low temperature layer are formed, and a plurality of heat demand means using the hot water of each of the above layers The high temperature layer comprises Formed by supplying heat by heating and circulating hot water in the temperature range of the intermediate temperature layer above the intermediate temperature layer, The middle temperature layer is Formed by supplying heat by heating and circulating hot water in the temperature range of the low temperature layer above the low temperature layer, The low temperature layer is supplied with heat by heating and circulating water at a temperature lower than that of the low temperature layer, supplying hot water for causing the high temperature heat demand means to function from the high temperature layer, and the high temperature heat demand means The waste water with the temperature lowered is circulated to the intermediate temperature layer, the hot water for causing the intermediate temperature demand means to function is supplied from the intermediate temperature layer, and the intermediate temperature heat demand means is functioned to discharge the waste water with the temperature lowered. Is circulated to the low temperature layer, and hot water is supplied from the low temperature layer to make the low temperature heat demand means function. And the hot water supply system characterized by supplying warm water to each said heat demand means is provided.
[0013]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the high temperature layer has a temperature range of 80 ° C. or higher, the intermediate layer has a temperature of 40 ° C. to 60 ° C., and the low temperature layer has a temperature of approximately 40 ° C. A hot water supply system is provided.
[0014]
According to invention of Claim 3 of this invention, the warm water supply system characterized by the warm water of the said low temperature layer being circulated through a heating means to the said intermediate temperature layer is provided.
[0015]
According to invention of Claim 4 of this invention, the temperature stratification which consists of a high temperature layer, an intermediate temperature layer, and a low temperature layer is formed, The said high temperature layer is Formed by supplying heat by heating and circulating hot water in the temperature range of the intermediate temperature layer above the intermediate temperature layer, The middle temperature layer is Formed by supplying heat by heating and circulating hot water in the temperature range of the low temperature layer above the low temperature layer, The low temperature layer includes a single heat storage tank formed by supplying heat by heating and circulating water at a temperature lower than that of the low temperature layer, and hot water for causing the high temperature heat demand means to function from the high temperature layer. And circulating hot water having a reduced temperature discharged from the high temperature heat demand means to the intermediate temperature layer, and supplying hot water for causing the intermediate temperature demand means to function from the intermediate layer, the intermediate temperature demand Circulating hot water having a reduced temperature discharged from the means to the low temperature layer, supplying hot water for causing the low temperature heat demand means to function from the low temperature layer, and draining the low temperature heat demand means to the adjustment layer And a building having a hot water supply system characterized by supplying hot water to each of the heat demand means.
[0016]
According to invention of Claim 5 of this invention, the said high temperature heat demand means, the said medium temperature heat demand means, and the said low temperature heat demand means are installed, At least among the said high temperature layer, the said intermediate temperature layer, and the said low temperature layer There is provided a building characterized in that hot water is supplied to each of the floors from the one layer to the heat demand means using hot water of a corresponding temperature.
[0017]
According to the invention of claim 6 of the present invention, the high temperature layer is set to a temperature range of 80 ° C. or higher, the intermediate temperature layer is set to 40 ° C. to 60 ° C., and the low temperature layer is set to approximately 40 ° C. A building is provided that is characterized by
[0018]
According to invention of Claim 7 of this invention, the building characterized by circulating the warm water of the said low temperature layer through the solar water heater to the said intermediate temperature layer is provided.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the concept of a cascade heat storage system used in the present invention. The cascade heat storage tank 1 used in the present invention is configured as a single heat storage tank in which the inside is not partitioned for each layer, and the high temperature layer 2, the intermediate temperature layer 3, the low temperature layer 4 The temperature stratification consisting of is formed. Between the high temperature layer 2 and the intermediate temperature layer 3, a mixing zone 5 in which both layers are slightly mixed is formed. Similarly, a mixing zone 6 in which these layers are mixed with each other is formed between the intermediate temperature layer 3 and the low temperature layer 4, and heat and hot water are used so that each layer constantly exists in the cascade heat storage tank. Circulation amount is set.
[0020]
The high temperature layer 2 is heated by circulating hot water from the upper part of the intermediate temperature layer 3 heated by a high temperature heat source 7 such as co-generation or heat pump. The hot water derived from the upper side of the low temperature layer 4 heated by the heat source 8 is circulated, and the low temperature layer 4 is further adjusted by the low temperature heat source 9 such as life exhaust heat or other low temperature heat sources. It is heated by hot water from. FIG. 1 also shows that a mixing zone 11 is formed between the adjustment layer 10 and the low temperature layer 4.
[0021]
The heat supply in the cascade-type heat storage system shown in FIG. 1 will be described. First, water from the high-temperature layer 2 is supplied to the high-temperature heat demand means 12 that requires high-temperature heat, and energy is consumed to lower the temperature. The discharged waste water is supplied to the upper part of the intermediate temperature layer 3. It is shown that the warm water is supplied from the intermediate temperature layer 3 to the intermediate temperature demand means 12 that requires intermediate temperature heat, and the waste water of the intermediate temperature demand means 13 is supplied to the upper part of the low temperature layer 4. Yes. Furthermore, it is shown that the hot water is supplied from the low temperature layer 4 to the low temperature heat demand means 14 that requires low temperature heat, and the waste water of the low temperature heat demand means 14 is supplied to the adjustment layer 10. Yes. The water having a temperature lower than that of the low temperature layer 4 once accumulated in the adjustment layer 10 is heated to a predetermined temperature by a low temperature heat source 9 such as living waste heat, and then circulated to the low temperature layer 4 to heat in a cascade manner. It can be used.
[0022]
In FIG. 1, it is shown that the adjustment layer 10 is provided adjacent to the cascade heat storage tank 1, but in the present invention, a function similar to that of the adjustment layer 10 is provided outside the cascade heat storage tank 1. You may make it provide the system which has. Further, in the case of this configuration, the mixing zone 11 is not necessarily formed. Further, this system heats low-temperature water not only to the low temperature layer 4 but also to a temperature in the range of the high temperature layer 2 and the intermediate temperature layer 3 as desired, and supplies it to each layer. Further, the low temperature layer 4 is supplied to the medium temperature heat demand means 13 through the heating means 15 such as a heat pump, and the thermal efficiency of the cascade heat storage tank 1 is further improved.
[0023]
The heating means 15 may be configured to circulate to the intermediate temperature layer 3 instead of directly functioning the intermediate temperature demand means 13 as shown in FIG. Further, in the hot water supply system of the present invention, the cascade-type heat supply described above is not limited to supplying drainage from the high temperature layer 2 to the intermediate temperature layer 3 and the low temperature layer 4 in sequence, but also from the intermediate temperature layer 2 to the intermediate temperature heat demand. The structure which supplies warm water to the means 13 and circulates the waste_water | drain from the medium temperature heat demand means 13 to the low temperature layer 4 may be included.
[0024]
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the temperature distribution of the temperature stratification formed inside the cascade heat storage tank 1 of the present invention for the high temperature layer 2 and the low temperature layer 4. The vertical axis is the dimensionless height h normalized by the total height of each of the high temperature layer 2 and the intermediate temperature layer 4, and the horizontal axis is the temperature difference in the height direction from the high temperature layer 2 to the intermediate temperature layer 4. It is a dimensionless temperature. The cascade heat storage tank 1 used in the present invention is composed of three layers having different temperature ranges, such as a high temperature layer 2, an intermediate temperature layer 3, and a low temperature layer 4, inside a single heat storage tank whose interior is not partitioned. A temperature stratification is formed. Such temperature stratification can be formed by appropriately selecting the specific gravity of the heated water and the heating conditions by circulating hot water to each layer.
[0025]
Further, as shown in FIG. 2, in the cascade heat storage tank 1 used in the present invention, the layers are mixed between the high temperature layer 2 and the intermediate temperature layer 3 and between the intermediate temperature layer 3 and the low temperature layer 4. A mixed zone is formed. It is possible to form a temperature stratification inside the cascade heat storage tank 1 by setting the hot water circulation amount, temperature, circulation position and the like so as to minimize this mixing zone. The temperature distribution when the ideal temperature stratification is formed is indicated by a broken line in FIG. In FIG. 2, the high temperature layer 2, the intermediate temperature layer 3, and the low temperature layer 4 are shown to have different volumes. However, as described with reference to FIG. 1, the high temperature layer 2 in the cascade heat storage tank 1. When the intermediate temperature layer 3 and the low temperature layer 4 are formed with each other, any volume can be appropriately formed.
[0026]
In order to form such temperature stratification, at least the upper part of the high temperature layer 2 is heated by circulating hot water heated by, for example, the high temperature heat source 7, and the hot water supplied to the heat demand means from the lower side of the high temperature layer 2 is supplied. In addition to discharging, the intermediate temperature layer 3 can be formed by heating the warm water from the low temperature layer 4 by the intermediate temperature heat source 8 or the heating means 15 and circulating it to the upper part of the intermediate temperature layer 3. Also, the intermediate temperature layer 3 and the low temperature layer 4 can be formed by the same method. The temperature range of the above high temperature layer is preferably about 80 ° C. or more in consideration of the use in urban residence, and the temperature range of the middle temperature layer is preferably about 40 ° C. to about 60 ° C. The temperature range of the low temperature layer is preferably about 20 ° C. to about 40 ° C.
[0027]
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the cascade heat storage tank 1 used in the present invention. The cascade heat storage tank 1 used in the present invention supplies hot water for introducing hot water heated by the high temperature heat source 7, the intermediate temperature heat source 8, and the low temperature heat source 9 to at least the high temperature layer 2, the intermediate temperature layer 3, and the low temperature layer 4, respectively. In order to supply hot water from the mouths 16a, 16b, 16c, the high temperature layer 2, the intermediate temperature layer 3, and the low temperature layer 4 to the high temperature heat demand means 12, the medium temperature heat demand means 13, and the high temperature heat demand means 14, the hot water is discharged. It is shown that warm water discharge ports 17a, 17b, 17c are provided. In FIG. 3, it is shown that each of the hot water supply uppers 16a, 16b, 16c and the hot water drains 17a, 17b, 17c is provided for each layer, but any number may be provided as necessary. Is possible. The hot water supply ports 16a, 16b, and 16c and the hot water discharge ports 17a, 17b, and 17c shown in FIG. 3 are required to favorably form the temperature stratification of the cascade heat storage tank 1 of the present invention. The width of the mixing zone in the temperature stratification depends on the adjacent opening shape.
[0028]
FIG. 4 is a view showing the shape of the opening on the side adjacent to the cascade heat storage tank 1 of the hot water supply ports 16a, 16b, 16c and the hot water discharge ports 17a, 17b, 17c. The shapes of the hot water supply port and the hot water discharge port used in the present invention may be a circle obtained by simply cutting the pipe 18 as shown in FIG. 4 (a), and as shown in FIG. 4 (b). A plurality of baffle plates 19a, 19b are provided at the end of the pipe 18 at intervals d, and hot water is discharged from the gap h between the baffle plates 19a, 19b to prevent the flow of hot water near the hot water supply port. It may be the shape of.
[0029]
FIG. 5 is a view showing a further modification of the opening on the side adjacent to the cascade-type heat storage tank 1 of the hot water supply port and the hot water discharge port that can be used in the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5A, the shape of the hot water supply port and the hot water discharge port used in the present invention is a square shape by attaching a plate member 20 in which a square discharge port is formed to the tip of the pipe 18. Moreover, as shown in FIG.5 (b), the plate member 21 in which the rectangular discharge port was formed may be attached, and you may make it a rectangle.
[0030]
In the present invention, any shape of the hot water supply port and the hot water drain port shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 can be used, but the mixing zone shown in FIG. In order to make the width smaller, it has been found that the shape of the rectifier type shown in FIG. 4B is preferable. The size of the rectifier type shape shown in FIG. 4B is not particularly limited, but the ratio (h / d) between the diameter d of the baffle plates 19a and 19b and the gap h is between 0.9 and 0.009. It is preferable that
[0031]
Moreover, although the cascade type heat storage tank 1 shown in FIG. 3 is configured to discharge the hot water directly from the hot water discharge ports 17a, 17b, 17c, in the present invention, the hot water is supplied to each heat demand means. After the circulation pipe through the hot water whose temperature has been lowered due to the consumption of energy by the predetermined heat demand means is inserted into the cascade heat storage tank 1 and exchanged heat with the hot water in the cascade heat storage tank 1 In addition, it can be supplied again to a predetermined heat demand means through a circulation pipe. If this structure is used, a heat demand means separate from the heat supply and the hot water circulation amount for maintaining the temperature stratification inside the cascade heat storage tank 1 even when the amount of hot water consumed by the heat demand means fluctuates greatly. It is possible to control the supply of hot water to the water more easily.
[0032]
FIG. 6 is a piping diagram specifically showing the piping of the hot water supply system of the present invention. In the hot water supply system of the present invention shown in FIG. 6, the cascade heat storage tank 1 has a temperature stratification composed of a high temperature layer 2, an intermediate temperature layer 3, and a low temperature layer 4 formed therein. The high temperature layer 2 converts the warm water discharged from the intermediate temperature layer 3 through the line 22 into the ground surface G.P. After being heated by the heat pump 23 arranged at L, the heat pump 23 is heated by circulating it through the line 24 to the high temperature layer 2. The heat pump 23 may be capable of reversible operation. For example, when the amount of hot water supplied from the intermediate temperature layer 3 is large, the heat pump 23 cools the hot water from the high temperature layer 2 and introduces it into the intermediate temperature layer 3. Warm water supply may also be performed from the layer 4 to maintain the temperature stratification inside the cascade heat storage tank 1. In FIG. 6, a flow meter 22-1 is provided in the line 22, a valve 24-1 is provided in the line 24, a flow meter 25-1 is provided in the line 25 described later, and a line 27 is provided in the line 27. The valve 27-1 is provided, and the air vent valve 42-1 is provided at the upper portion of the line 42. However, in the hot water supply system of the present invention, the valve is located at any position as desired. It is also possible to arrange means such as a flow meter, a pressure gauge, and a pump.
[0033]
The hot water near 85 ° C. of the high temperature layer 2 is further supplied to the ground surface G. The hot water which is supplied to the refrigerator 26 installed at L and drives the refrigerator 26 to have a temperature lowered to about 80 ° C. is circulated through the line 27 to the bottom of the high temperature layer 2. The refrigerator 26 is used to produce cold water for cooling an air conditioner that requires low-temperature heat, for example, and this cold water is supplied to a space that requires cooling by a line (not shown). Has been. The refrigerator 26 described above may be further cooled by a cooling tower (not shown).
[0034]
In the middle temperature layer 3, hot water derived from the low temperature layer 4 heated using the exhaust heat of peripheral equipment used as the middle temperature heat source 8 in the vicinity of the bottom is circulated through the line 28 and heated. Further, on the upper part of the intermediate temperature layer 3, low temperature hot water led out from the bottom of the low temperature layer 4 is supplied from the line 29 to the heating means 15, heated to near the maximum temperature in the intermediate temperature layer 3, and then passed through the line 30. The intermediate temperature layer 3 is supplied again, and a temperature stratification is formed between the high temperature layer 2 and the intermediate temperature layer 3. The line 30 may be directly guided to the medium temperature heat demand means 13 as necessary, and may be configured to function the medium temperature heat demand means 13. As the heating means 15 described above, a heat pump or the like can be used as described above. However, as the heating means 15, a solar water heater using solar rays with low utilization efficiency arranged on the roof of a building can be used. it can.
[0035]
The low temperature layer 4 is heated by introducing hot water heated by the low temperature heat source 9 through the line 31. Further, the bottom of the low temperature layer 4 communicates with the adjustment system 33 including heating means such as a heat pump (not shown) that functions as the adjustment layer 10, a heat storage means, a refrigerator, a compressor, a circulation pump, and the like. . This adjustment system 33 is supplied from the low temperature layer 4 to the low temperature heat demand means 14 through the line 34, and receives heat of the drainage discharged from the low temperature layer 4 by releasing heat energy through the line 35.
[0036]
For example, the waste water from the low-temperature heat demanding means 14 heated by the adjustment system 33 is heated by a heat pump (not shown) included in the adjustment system 33 to be hot water in a range suitable for the low-temperature layer 4, and then the low-temperature layer 4. Is supplied via the line 32 or another line (not shown) to be used again for the supply to the low temperature heat demand means 14 in the low temperature layer 4.
[0037]
In FIG. 6, the description has been made assuming that the hot water from the adjustment system 33 is returned to the low temperature layer 4. However, in the present invention, the hot water demand means such as the high temperature heat demand means 12, the medium temperature heat demand means 13, and the low temperature heat demand means 14 are different from each other, and the hot water supply quantity varies seasonally. It is necessary to provide a stable hot water supply. For this reason, in the hot water supply system of the present invention, the water heated by the adjustment system 33 is not necessarily heated and circulated in correspondence with only the low temperature layer 4, but the temperature stratification of the high temperature layer 2 and the intermediate temperature layer 3 is appropriately performed. After being heated in the conditioning system 33 to a temperature that does not affect the formation of the film, it is configured to be returned to a predetermined layer. By adopting the above-mentioned configuration, it becomes possible to supply hot water to each heat demand means while preventing the substantial volume of each layer in the cascade heat storage tank from being changed by the hot water supply amount, and the volume of each layer. It becomes possible to perform stable hot water supply while preventing temperature uniformity between temperature stratification layers due to large fluctuations. From this point, as described above, the hot water supplied from the high temperature layer 2, the intermediate temperature layer 3, and the low temperature layer 4 is not directly supplied from the cascade heat storage tank 1, but a heat exchange pipe is provided in the cascade heat storage tank 1. It is also possible to recirculate to each heat demand means after inserting and exchanging heat.
[0038]
The supply of heat from the high temperature layer 2, the intermediate temperature layer 3 and the low temperature layer 4 formed as described above to each heat demand means, that is, the supply of hot water will be further described with reference to FIG. Hot water at about 80 ° C. is supplied from the high temperature layer 2 through a line 36. The heat energy from the hot water in the line 36 is consumed by the high temperature heat demanding means 12. The temperature of the hot water from the line 36 is lowered because the heat energy is extracted by the high-temperature heat demanding means 12. The hot water whose temperature has been lowered is discharged from the high-temperature heat demanding means 12 and is introduced into the middle part of the middle temperature layer 3 of about 60 ° C. via the line 37.
[0039]
Next, hot water is supplied from the intermediate temperature layer 3 to the intermediate temperature heat demand means 13 via the line 38, the heat energy is extracted, and the extracted heat energy is consumed in the intermediate temperature heat supply means 13. Waste water that has become low temperature due to the consumption of thermal energy is introduced through line 39 into the upper portion of low temperature layer 4 that is set to about 20 ° C. to about 40 ° C.
[0040]
Thermal energy is supplied from the low temperature layer 4 to the low temperature heat demand means 14 through the line 34. The waste water discharged from the low-temperature heat demand means 14 is introduced into the adjustment system 33 through the line 35 and is adjusted to an appropriate temperature by household exhaust heat (not shown), a heat pump, a heat storage means, and the like. The desired layers such as layer 3 and low temperature layer 4 are supplied.
[0041]
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 6, the hot water of the high temperature layer 2 is introduced into the building 41 through the line 40 and supplies thermal energy to high temperature heat demanding means (not shown) in the building 41. The hot water supplied from the high temperature layer 4 is circulated to the high temperature layer 2 via the line 42 after the high temperature heat demand means functions to release heat energy. In addition, the hot water from the high temperature layer 2 described above is not introduced into the building 41 and released to the high temperature heat demand means, and then returned to the high temperature layer 2 again. It can also be set as the structure introduce | transduced into the intermediate temperature layer 3 so that it can do.
[0042]
Moreover, the hot water supplied from the intermediate temperature layer 3 and the low temperature layer 4 to the intermediate temperature demand means and the low temperature heat demand means (not shown) respectively installed in the building 41 is supplied to the intermediate temperature demand means and the low temperature heat demand means. After releasing the thermal energy, if the temperature stratification in the cascade heat storage tank 1 is not disturbed, it may be returned to the intermediate temperature layer 3 and the low temperature layer 4 again. In addition, the waste water supplied from the medium temperature layer 3 and the low temperature layer 4 and released the heat energy in the medium temperature heat demand means and the low temperature heat demand means is then circulated to the medium temperature layer 4 and the regulation system 33 through the respective circulation lines. It is also possible to make it.
[0043]
Among the circulation methods described above, in FIG. 6, the low-temperature waste water from which the hot water is supplied from the low temperature layer 4 to the low temperature heat demand means installed in the building 41 and the thermal energy is extracted by the low temperature heat demand means 14. Is circulated through line 43 to conditioning system 33 and heated as described above before being supplied to a predetermined heat demanding means. Regardless of which circulation method is employed, the hot water supply from the cascade heat storage tank 1 to each heat demand means is performed so as not to substantially expand each mixing zone in the cascade heat storage tank 1.
[0044]
Moreover, the high temperature heat demand means 12, the medium temperature heat demand means 13, and the low temperature heat demand means 14 described above include heat exchangers (not shown) for exchanging heat with hot water supplied from the cascade heat storage tank 1 as necessary. May be provided as appropriate.
[0045]
FIG. 7 is a view showing a building 41 provided with the hot water supply system of the present invention. In FIG. 7, for convenience of explanation, piping for maintaining the temperature stratification of the cascade heat storage tank 1 is omitted. The building 41 is provided with a solar water heater 44 on the roof, and warm water circulated from the low temperature layer 4 to the upper part of the intermediate temperature layer 3 is heated to a predetermined temperature. The heated hot water is circulated to the upper part of the intermediate temperature layer 3 through the line 30 to supply heat to the intermediate temperature layer 3. The structure 41 may be further greened on the roof.
[0046]
In the building 41, as a heat demand means for common areas, a high temperature heat demand means such as a fan coil unit FCU, a laundry L, a boiler B, and a sauna S, a medium temperature heat demand means such as a garbage disposal device C such as compost, and a pool P Low temperature heat demand means. The building 41 is provided with a plurality of floors 45, and in the living space in each floor 45, there is a high-temperature heat demand such as a hot water supply system HWSS for eating and drinking, a fan coil unit LFCU for a room, and a bathroom dryer BD. It is shown that there are provided means, medium temperature heat demand means such as floor heating FH, and low temperature heat demand means such as bathtub BH.
[0047]
Further, FIG. 7 shows that a heat exchanger 46 is separately installed for exchanging heat with the hot water supplied from the high temperature layer 2 and supplying the hot water into the living space. This heat exchanger 46 can also be provided individually corresponding to the necessary heat demand means installed on the floor 45 of the building 41. The heat exchanger 46 exchanges heat between the hot water supplied from the cascade heat storage tank 1 and clean water so as to give energy to each heat demand means.
[0048]
In the building 41 of the present invention, heat demand means adapted to each heat demand described above from at least one layer of the high temperature part 2, the middle temperature part 3, and the low temperature part 4 of the cascade heat storage tank 1 for each floor 45 described above. It is preferable that a hot water supply line for supplying heat energy from the hot water is provided.
[0049]
In FIG. 7, through one line 47 connected to the middle temperature layer 3 portion, one of the heat demand means of each floor 45, for example, the floor heating FH, is passed through the lines 48 and 49 for each floor. It is shown that hot water is supplied for each floor 45. Similarly, warm water is supplied to each floor for floor heating FH of floors other than the illustrated floors 45a and 45b. Furthermore, the lines 48 and 49 may be provided with pressure adjusting means for adjusting the water head pressure that is different for each floor so that the water pressure is made uniform. As the pressure adjusting means as described above, any means known so far can be used in addition to means such as a pressurizing means, a throttle means, and a pressure increasing pump.
[0050]
By using the above-described configuration, in particular, for the medium temperature heat demand means and the low temperature heat demand means that consume relatively hot water such as the bathtub BH and the floor heating FH, the hot water is supplied to each floor 45 from one pipe. It is possible to supply hot water evenly to the heat demanding means while minimizing the influence of the water head pressure that is different for each floor. Further, in the building 41 of the present invention, not only hot water is supplied from the intermediate temperature layer 3 to each floor to the intermediate temperature demand means, but also from the high temperature layer 2 and the low temperature layer 4 for each floor 41 in the same manner. You may be made to supply warm water to.
[0051]
Although the present invention has been described with the embodiments shown in the drawings, the total number of layers formed by temperature stratification can be formed as many as desired. In addition, any heat insulation means known in the art can be used for the cascade heat storage tank, and the temperature range of each layer subjected to temperature stratification can be appropriately set as desired. Further, in the present invention, a description has been given using a residential building as a building. However, the present invention is not necessarily a residential building, and the present invention can be applied to any building having a plurality of floors. It goes without saying that it can be done.
[0052]
【The invention's effect】
According to the invention of claim 1 of the present invention, there is provided a hot water supply system that effectively uses a single cascade heat storage tank that can supply heat according to various heat demands and can maintain temperature stratification satisfactorily. The heating means for the heat storage tank can be provided, and an efficient hot water supply system can be provided without being required for each temperature range.
[0053]
According to invention of Claim 2 of this invention, the hot water supply system which can cover the heat demand required for city residence can be provided using a cascade type thermal storage tank.
[0054]
According to invention of Claim 3 of this invention, the hot water supply system which improved the efficiency of the cascade type thermal storage tank more can be provided.
[0055]
According to the invention of claim 4 of the present invention, hot water can be supplied at a temperature most required in urban life, and a hot water supply system that effectively uses a single cascade heat storage tank can be provided. No heating means is required for each temperature range, and an energy-saving building using an efficient hot water supply system can be provided.
[0056]
According to the invention of claim 5 of the present invention, the efficiency of the cascade heat storage tank that can reduce the influence of the head pressure at the time of supplying hot water to each floor and perform good heat supply is further improved. Can be provided.
[0057]
According to invention of Claim 6 of this invention, the building provided with the hot water supply system which can cover the heat demand required for city residence using a cascade type thermal storage tank can be provided.
[0058]
According to the invention of claim 7 of the present invention, there is provided a building capable of saving energy that can respond to various heat demands by using a cascade type heat storage tank with improved efficiency by effectively utilizing energy such as solar energy. it can.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a cascade heat storage tank used in the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing temperature stratification formed inside the cascade heat storage tank of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a cascade heat storage tank used in the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the shape of a hot water supply port of a cascade heat storage tank used in the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the shape of a hot water supply port of a cascade heat storage tank used in the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a piping diagram of the hot water supply system of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a building including the hot water supply system of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ... Cascade type heat storage tank
2 ... High temperature layer
3 ... Medium temperature layer
4 ... Low temperature layer
5 ... Mixing area
6 ... Mixing area
7 ... High temperature heat source
8 ... Medium temperature heat source
9 ... Low temperature heat source
10 ... adjustment layer
11 ... Mixing area
12 ... High-temperature heat demand means
13 ... Medium temperature demand means
14 ... Low-temperature heat demand means
15 ... heating means
16a, 16b, 16c ... hot water supply port
17a, 17b, 17c ... Warm water outlet
18 ... pipe
19 ...
20 ... Plate member
21 ... Plate member
22 ... Line
22-1 Flow meter
23 heat pump
24 ... Line
24-1 ... Valve
25 ... Line
25-1 ... Flow meter
26 ... Refrigerator
27 ... Line
27-1 ... Valve
29 ... Line
30 ... line
31 ... Line
32 ... Line
33 ... Adjustment system
34 ... Line
35 ... Line
36 ... Line
37 ... Line
38 ... Line
39 ... Line
40 ... line
41 ... Building
42 ... Line
42-1 ... Air vent valve
44 ... Solar water heater
45 ... Floor
46 ... Heat exchanger
47 ... Line
48 ... Line
49 ... Line
FCU: Fan coil unit
L ... Laundry
B ... Boiler
S ... Sauna
C ... Garbage disposal equipment
P ... Pool
HWSS ... Hot water supply equipment
LFCU ... Fan coil unit for living room
BD ... Bathroom dryer
FH ... floor heating
BH ... bathtub

Claims (7)

A single heat storage layer that internally forms a high temperature layer, a medium temperature layer, and a low temperature layer;
A plurality of heat demand means using the hot water of each layer,
The high temperature layer is formed by supplying heat by heating and circulating hot water in the temperature range of the intermediate temperature layer above the intermediate temperature layer,
The intermediate temperature layer is formed by supplying heat by heating and circulating hot water in the temperature range of the low temperature layer above the low temperature layer,
The low temperature layer is supplied with heat by heating and circulating water at a temperature lower than that of the low temperature layer,
Supplying hot water for causing the high temperature heat demand means to function from the high temperature layer, causing the high temperature heat demand means to function to circulate waste water having a lowered temperature to the middle temperature layer, and from the middle temperature layer to the medium temperature heat demand means Supplying hot water for functioning, causing the medium temperature demand means to function to circulate waste water having a lowered temperature to the low temperature layer, supplying hot water for functioning the low temperature heat demand means from the low temperature layer, Waste water whose temperature has been lowered by causing the low-temperature heat demand means to function is circulated to the adjustment layer, and hot water is supplied to each heat demand means.   The high temperature layer has a temperature range of 80 ° C or higher, the intermediate layer has a temperature of 40 ° C to 60 ° C, and the low temperature layer has a temperature of approximately 40 ° C. Hot water supply system.   3. The hot water supply system according to claim 1, wherein hot water of the low temperature layer is circulated through the heating means in the intermediate temperature layer. A temperature stratification consisting of a high temperature layer, a medium temperature layer, and a low temperature layer is formed,
The high temperature layer is formed by supplying heat by heating and circulating hot water in the temperature range of the intermediate temperature layer above the intermediate temperature layer,
The intermediate temperature layer is formed by supplying heat by heating and circulating hot water in the temperature range of the low temperature layer above the low temperature layer,
The low temperature layer comprises a single heat storage tank formed by supplying heat by heating and circulating water at a temperature lower than that of the low temperature layer,
Supplying hot water for causing the high-temperature heat demand means to function from the high-temperature layer, circulating hot water having a reduced temperature discharged from the high-temperature heat demand means to the middle-temperature layer, and medium-temperature heat demand means from the intermediate layer Supply hot water to function, circulate hot water having a reduced temperature discharged from the medium temperature heat demand means to the low temperature layer, and supply hot water to function the low temperature heat demand means from the low temperature layer The waste water from the low-temperature heat demand means is circulated to the adjustment layer, and is provided with a hot water supply system that supplies hot water to each of the heat demand means.   The high-temperature heat demand means, the medium-temperature heat demand means, and the low-temperature heat demand means are installed, and heat using hot water having a temperature corresponding to at least one of the high-temperature layer, the medium-temperature layer, and the low-temperature layer. The building according to claim 4, wherein hot water is supplied to the demand means for each floor.   The high temperature layer is set to a temperature range of 80 ° C or higher, the intermediate temperature layer is set to 40 ° C to 60 ° C, and the low temperature layer is set to approximately 40 ° C. Building.   The building according to claim 4, 5 or 6, wherein the warm water in the low temperature layer is circulated to the intermediate temperature layer through a solar water heater.

Images