JP4171350B2 - Outdoor staircase and construction method of outdoor staircase - Google Patents

Outdoor staircase and construction method of outdoor staircase Download PDF

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JP4171350B2
JP4171350B2 JP2003151203A JP2003151203A JP4171350B2 JP 4171350 B2 JP4171350 B2 JP 4171350B2 JP 2003151203 A JP2003151203 A JP 2003151203A JP 2003151203 A JP2003151203 A JP 2003151203A JP 4171350 B2 JP4171350 B2 JP 4171350B2
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staircase
floor
stair
support
column
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JP2004353251A (en
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泰宏 余田
克則 大西
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Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd
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Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd
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Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明はユニット式の屋外階段及び屋外階段の構築方法に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
ユニット式の屋外階段は、階段をいくつかのパーツに分解し、このパーツを工場等で製造し、このパーツを組み立てて階段となすもので、現場施工期間が短く、且つ、寸法精度のよい標準化された屋外階段となる特徴があるので、多く採用されている。
このユニット式の屋外階段としては、従来、種々なものが知られている。
【０００３】
一般的なユニット式の屋外階段としては、特許文献１に記載されている階段と略同じ形式の階段が多い。
このユニット式の屋外階段は、ささら桁、踏板、蹴込板等を組み立てた略一直線状の階段パーツと、水平規制片と垂直規制片とからなるＬ字形の第１受け材と、平坦でボルト挿通用の長孔を設けた第２受け部材とからなり、施工現場では、予め、建物本体の廊下等の階段取付部に階段受け桁を設け、更に、この階段受け桁の両側にそれぞれ支柱と短支柱を設けていて、支柱に第１受け材を取り付け、短支柱に第２受け部材を取り付け、この第１受け材と第２受け材に階段パネルのささら桁の上端部を取り付けるものである。
【０００４】
また、特許文献２に記載されている屋外階段も知られている。
この特許文献２に記載されている屋外階段は、矩形状の４隅に立設された第１支柱、第２支柱、第３支柱、第４支柱からなる４本の支柱と、第１支柱の下端部と第２支柱の下端部とを連結する下端部階段支持梁と、第１支柱の上端部と第２支柱の上端部とを連結する上端部階段支持梁と、第３支柱の中央部と第４支柱の中央部とを連結する中央部階段支持梁と、第１支柱の中央部と第３支柱の中央部とを連結する第１階段梁と、第２支柱の中央部と第４支柱の中央部とを連結する第２階段梁と、この第１階段梁と第２階段梁が延長され、この延長された梁の先端を連結して構成されたコ字形の踊り場支持梁とからなる階段フレームを有し、この階段フレームの下端部階段支持梁と中央部階段支持梁に下側階段パーツを取り付け、中央部階段支持梁と上端部階段支持梁に上側階段パーツを取り付け、踊り場支持梁に踊り場床を取り付けるものである。
【０００５】
【特許文献１】
実開平５−８３１４４号公報
【特許文献２】
特開平６−２１２７５８号公報
【０００６】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、特許文献１に記載されている屋外階段では、階段パーツのささら桁を第１受け材と第２受け材に取り付けると、階段パーツと、この階段を昇降する人の荷重が、ささら桁と第１受け材との連結部、及び、ささら桁と第２受け材との連結部にかかるので、この荷重に耐えるように、この両方の連結部の連結構造を強固に連結できる構造にする必要があり、そのために、複雑な構造になり作業し難い。
【０００７】
また、重い階段パーツを支えながら取り付ける作業が困難で、そのため、現場施工工数が多くなり、高価になる。又、高所での作業が多く、危険であるという問題がある。
また、この屋外階段は、一方を建物本体に連結した短支柱に取り付け、他方を建物本体の支柱に取り付けているので、垂直方向の荷重は支柱と短支柱で負担し、地震や風圧力等の水平方向の荷重は建物本体に負担するよにうなっているが、この荷重の伝達形式が不明確であるものが多く設計し難い。
【０００８】
そこで、工場で独立可能に組み立てることができるように設計した部品を製造し、施工現場では、これを単に据え付けるだけで完成する自立した屋外階段が望まれている。
【０００９】
一方、特許文献２に記載されている屋外階段は、階段フレームの４本の支柱によって自立することができ、水平方向の荷重や垂直方向の荷重の伝達が容易に判るので設計し易い。
また、階段パーツとこの階段パーツの上を昇降する人の荷重は支柱にかかり、建物本体に接続する接続部には殆どかからない。従って、重い階段パーツを支えながら取り付ける必要がないし、この階段フレームと建物本体との接続構造も簡単で構造でよく屋外階段を構築し易い。
【００１０】
しかも、階段フレームは簡単な構造で製造し易いし、この階段フレームや下側階段パーツと上側階段パーツと踊り場床等を工場で製造し、これを施工現場で単に組み立てるだけで屋外階段とすることができ、極めて便利なものである。
また、この屋外階段を３階以上の建物では、この３階以上の階に昇るために２階以上の階に屋外階段を設ける。この際には、下階の屋外階段の上に屋外階段を、下階の第１支柱と第１支柱とが、また、下階の第２支柱と第２支柱とが、また、下階の第３支柱と第３支柱とが、また、下階の第４支柱第４支柱とがそれぞれ略一直線状になる状態に、載置するというように積み重ねればよく、極めて施工し易い。
【００１１】
しかし、この屋外階段では、積み重ねたときに下階の上端部階段支持梁と、取り付ける階の下端部階段支持梁とが重なるので、この部分が２重になり不経済である。
また、第１支柱と第３支柱とを連結する第１階段梁と、第２支柱と第４支柱とを第２階段梁とが階段の略中央を横切っていて、この第１階段梁や第２階段梁を昇降する人の目に入るので、昇降する人が外側を見るときの邪魔になるし、外側から見ても、この第１階段梁と第２階段梁が階段の外観を壊して美麗でないという問題がある。
【００１２】
そこで、この発明の目的は、階段フレーム等を工場で製造し、これを施工現場で組み立てるだけで自立した階段となすことのできる極めて便利な上記特許文献２に記載されている屋外階段を更に改良し、上端部階段支持梁と下端部階段支持梁が２重にならず、しかも、階段梁が邪魔になったり外観を壊すことのない屋外階段と、この屋外階段の構築方法を提供することである。
【００１３】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、上記課題を解決するためになされたものであって、請求項１に記載の発明は、階段フレームと下側階段パーツと上側階段パーツと踊り場床とからなる屋外階段であって、前記階段フレームは矩形状の４隅に立設された第１支柱、第２支柱、第３支柱、第４支柱からなる４本の支柱と、第１支柱の上端部と第２支柱の上端部とを連結する上端部階段支持梁と、第３支柱の中央部と第４支柱の中央部とを連結する中央部階段支持梁と、第１支柱の下端部と第３支柱の中央部とを連結する下側階段梁と、第４支柱の中央部と第２支柱の上端部とを連結する上側階段梁とからなり、これ等の４本の支柱は、屋外階段を取り付ける階の基礎または床から上階の床までの長さに略等しくなされている屋外階段を特徴とするものである。
【００１４】
この請求項１記載の発明に使用する第１支柱、第２支柱、第３支柱、第４支柱等の支柱や、上端部階段支持梁や中央部階段支持梁等の階段支持梁や上側階段梁や下側階段梁等の階段梁等の梁は、長尺体であればよく、材料、形状は適宜でよい。例えば、鉄骨等の金属製であってもよいし、木材等の木製でもよい。又、金属製の場合には、丸棒、角棒等の棒状体や、丸筒や角筒等の筒状であってもよいし、断面Ｃ字形長尺体のＣ形鋼や断面Ｈ字形長尺体のＨ形鋼等の異形材であってもよい。特に、Ｈ形鋼が単位体積当たりの機械的強度が大きく好適である。
【００１５】
また、踊り場床は板状体であればよいが、屋外階段であるので、耐水性や耐候性に優れた板状体が好ましい。しかも、この上に人が載るので、機械的強度の大きな板状体が好ましい。かかる踊り場床としては、ＡＬＣ板、鉄線入りセメント押し出し成形板等が好ましい。又、この板状体の下側や側縁部等に鉄板や枠組等を取り付けて補強してもよい。
【００１６】
また、この請求項１記載の発明の屋外階段では、上側階段パーツから上階に昇ったり、上階から上側階段パーツに降りる。従って、屋外階段の上端に位置する第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁のいずれかを建物本体の階段取付場所に取り付ける必要がある。この階段取付場所とは、建物本体の上階の床にある階段を取り付けることのできる梁等をいう。通常、階段を昇降する人が階段の前に立つ必要があるので、この階段の前にある人が立つことのできる広場（例えば廊下等）の床に設けられている梁等が好ましい。
【００１７】
そして、この階段取付場所に取り付け易くするために、請求項２記載のように、第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁のいずれかに連結梁を取り付けていると、この連結梁を建物本体の階段取付場所に取り付けるだけで階段フレームを強固に、しかも、容易に取り付けることができるので好ましい。
【００１８】
また、この請求項１記載の発明の屋外階段では、下側階段パーツから上側階段パーツに昇ったり上側階段パーツから下側パーツに降りるときには、この下側階段パーツと上側階段パーツの間で回転して反対方向に向く必要がある。即ち、この反対方向に向くための踊り場床をこの上側階段パーツと下側階段パーツの間に設ける必要がある。即ち、第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれかに踊り場床を取り付ける必要がある、この踊り場床を第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁等に直接取り付けてもよいが、第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれかに踊り場支持梁を取り付けていると、踊り場床を取り付け易くなるので好ましい。
【００１９】
この踊り場支持梁は適宜形状でよいが、踊り場床は通常矩形状をしているので、請求項３記載のように、梁材を踊り場床の外側縁の形状と略等しいコ字形に枠組した踊り場支持梁を第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれかに取り付けると、この踊り場支持梁の上に踊り場床を載置するだけで踊り場床を容易に、しかも、強固に取り付けることができ、好ましい。
【００２０】
即ち、請求項２記載の発明は、請求項１記載の発明に係り、前記第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁のいずれかには、建物本体に連結するための連結材が取り付けられているものである。
【００２１】
この請求項２記載の発明における連結材とは、階段フレームの上端部にある第１支柱の上端部や第２支柱の上端部や上端部階段支持梁を階段取付場所に取り付けることのできる部材をいう。
従って、階段取付場所、例えば、廊下の梁等が第１支柱の上端部や第２支柱の上端部や上端部階段支持梁の近くにある場合には、両者間の隙間に差し渡すことのできる長さのコ字形の金具やＬ字形の金具が好ましい。又、階段取付場所、例えば、廊下の梁等が第１支柱の上端部や第２支柱の上端部や上端部階段支持梁から離れた位置にある場合には、両者間を連結するすることのできる連結梁が好ましい。
【００２２】
また、一般に、屋外階段を建物本体に取り付ける際には、１箇所を連結して取り付けてもよいが、２箇所以上を連結すると強固に取り付けることができるので好ましい。
２箇所以上で連結する方法としては、２個以上の連結材を設けてこの連結材だけで連結するようにしてもよいし、１箇所以上の連結材と１箇所以上の第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁と直接連結するというように、連結材で連結する連結方式と直接連結する連結方式とを併用してもよい。
【００２３】
また、請求項３記載の発明は、請求項１記載の発明に係り、前記第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれかには、梁材をコ字形に枠組した踊り場支持梁が、下側階段梁と反対方向に略水平に突出し、且つ、コ字形の両側の端部を第３支柱中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれかに連結した状態に、取り付けられているものである。
【００２４】
請求項４記載の発明は、請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載されている屋外階段を１階に構築するときには、１階の基礎に階段フレームを据え付け、第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁のいずれか又は連結梁を２階の床にある階段取付部に連結し、第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれか又は踊り場支持梁に踊り場床を取り付け、下側階段パーツを基礎と中央部階段支持梁とに差し渡して取り付け、上側階段パーツを中央部階段支持梁と上端部階段支持梁とに差し渡して取り付け、請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載されている別の屋外階段を２階以上の階に構築するときには、既に構築されている下階の階段フレームの上に階段フレームを、下階の第１支柱と第１支柱とが、また、下階の第２支柱と第２支柱とが、また、下階の第３支柱と第３支柱とが、また、下階の第４支柱と第４支柱とがそれぞれ略一直線状になる状態に、載置し、第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁のいずれか又は連結梁を上階の床にある階段取付部に連結し、第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれか又は踊り場支持梁に踊り場床を取り付け、下側階段パーツを床、廊下、下階の上端部階段支持梁のいずれかと中央部階段支持梁とに差し渡して取り付け、上側階段パーツを中央部階段支持梁と上端部階段支持枠とに差し渡して取り付ける屋外階段の構築方法を特徴とするものである。
【００２５】
この請求項２記載の発明及び請求項４記載の発明における第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁のいずれかとは、第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁のいずれか１箇所又は複数箇所をいう。即ち、第１支柱の上端部だけでもよいし、第２支柱の上端部だけでもよいし、上端部階段支持梁だけてもよいし、第１支柱上端部と第２支柱の上端部というように２箇所であってもよいし、第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁というように３ヵ所であってもよい。
【００２６】
また、請求項３記載の発明および請求項４記載の発明における第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれかとは、第２支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれか１箇所又は複数箇所をいう。即ち、第３支柱の中央部だけでもよいし、第４支柱の中央部だけでもよいし、中央部階段支持梁だけてもよいし、第３支柱の中央部と第４支柱の中央部というように２箇所であってもよいし、第３支柱の中央、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁というように３ヵ所であってもよい。
【００２７】
（作用）
請求項１記載の発明では、階段フレームと下側階段パーツと上側階段パーツと踊り場床とからなる屋外階段であって、前記階段フレームは矩形状の４隅に立設された第１支柱、第２支柱、第３支柱、第４支柱からなる４本の支柱と、第１支柱の上端部と第２支柱の上端部とを連結する上端部階段支持梁と、第３支柱の中央部と第４支柱の中央部とを連結する中央部階段支持梁と、第１支柱の下端部と第３支柱の中央部とを連結する下側階段梁と、第４支柱の中央部と第２支柱の上端部とを連結する上側階段梁とからなるので、４隅に立設された第１支柱、第２支柱、第３支柱、第４支柱が上端部階段支持梁、中央部階段支持梁、下側階段梁、上側階段梁によって連結されて、４本の支柱がばらばらにならないし、階段フレームと下側階段パーツと上側階段パーツと踊り場床を工場で製造し、施工現場でこれ等を請求項４記載の発明のように組み立てると、階段フレームの４本の支柱で自立する屋外階段となる。
【００２８】
即ち、１階に屋外階段を構築するときには、１階の基礎に階段フレームを据え付け、この階段フレームの第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁のいずれかを建物本体の２階の廊下等の床にある階段取付場所に連結し、第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれかに踊り場床を取り付け、下側階段パーツを基礎と中央部階段支持梁とに差し渡して取り付け、上側階段パーツを中央部階段支持梁と上端部階段支持梁とに差し渡して取り付けると、屋外階段が構築される。
【００２９】
又、請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載されている別の屋外階段を２階以上の階に構築するときには、既に構築されている下階の階段フレームの上に階段フレームを、下階の第１支柱と第１支柱とが、また、下階の第２支柱と第２支柱とが、また、下階の第３支柱と第３支柱とが、また、下階の第４支柱と第４支柱とがそれぞれ略一直線状になる状態に、載置し、第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁のいずれかを建物本体の上階の廊下等床にある階段取付部に連結し、第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれかに踊り場床を取り付け、下側階段パーツを床、廊下、下階の上端部階段支持梁のいずれかと中央部階段支持梁とに差し渡して取り付け、上側階段パーツを中央部階段支持梁と上端部階段支持枠とに差し渡して取り付けると、屋外階段が構築される。
【００３０】
このようにして構築された屋外階段は、地上または床や廊下から下側階段パーツを昇って踊り場床に達し、この踊り場床の上で回転して反対方向に向き、踊り場床から上側階段パーツを昇って上階に行くことができるし、床や廊下から上側階段パーツを降りて踊り場床に達し、この踊り場床で回転して反対方向に向き、踊り場床から下側階段パーツを降りて下階や地上に行くことができる。
【００３１】
また、屋外階段では、矩形状の四隅に立設された４本の支柱があるので、屋外階段自体が自立していて、階段及び階段を昇の人の荷重をこの４本の支柱が負担する。従って、設計し易いし、上記のように組み立てるだけで屋外階段を構築することができるので作業し易い。
また、この屋外階段では、支柱の下端部には、下端部階段支持梁がないので、屋外階段を積み重ねたときに、下階の上端部階段支持梁が下端部階段支持梁と２重にならず、材料の節約となる。
【００３２】
また、下側階段パーツを基礎または床面と、中央部階段支持梁とに差し渡して取り付けると、この下側階段パーツは、第１支柱の下端部と第３支柱の中央部とを連結する下側階段梁に沿って取り付けられる。
従って、外側から見ると、この下側階段パーツと下側階段梁とが重なっていてどちらか一方のみが見える。
【００３３】
又、上側階段パーツを中央部階段支持梁と上端部階段支持梁とに差し渡して取付けると、この上側階段パーツは、第４支柱の中央部と第２支柱の上端部とを連結する上側階段梁に沿って取り付けられる。
従って、外側から見ると、この上側階段パーツと上側階段梁とが重なっていてどちらか一方のみが見える。
このようになっているので、屋外階段を昇降する人が外側を見るときに下側階梁と上側階段梁が邪魔にならないし、階段の意匠性を損なわない。
【００３４】
更に、この請求項１記載の発明の屋外階段では、４本の支柱が屋外階段を取り付ける階の基礎または床面から上階の床面までの長さに略等しくなされているので、この屋外階段の１個を据え付けると、その階に屋外階段を構築することができるし、この上に別の屋外階段を据え付けると、この上の階に屋外階段を構築することができる。
このように、各階ごとに屋外階段を構築することができるので、建物の階数がいくらであっても適応できる。
【００３５】
請求項２記載の発明では、請求項１記載の発明に係り、前記第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁のいずれかには、建物本体に連結するための連結材が取り付けられているので、この連結材を建物本体の階段取付場所に取り付けると、階段フレームが建物本体の階段取付場所に強固に取り付けられる。このように、請求項２記載の発明の屋外階段は、建物本体に取り付けることが容易な屋外階段である。
【００３６】
請求項３記載の発明では、請求項１記載の発明に係り、前記第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれかには、梁材をコ字形に枠組した踊り場支持梁が、下側階段梁と反対方向に略水平に突出し、且つ、コ字形の両側の端部を第３支柱中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれかに連結した状態に、取り付けられているので、この踊り場支持梁の上に踊り場床を載置するだけで強固に取り付けることができ、便利である。又、この踊り場床は下側階段梁と反対方向に突出した踊り場支持梁に取り付けられているので、下側階段パーツを昇った人が、その進行方向にある踊り場床の上に立ち易いし、上側階段パーツを降りた人が、その進行方向にある踊り場床の上に立ち易い。
【００３７】
請求項４記載の発明では、請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載されている屋外階段を１階に構築するときには、１階の基礎に階段フレームを据え付け、第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁のいずれか又は連結梁を２階の床にある階段取付部に連結し、第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれか又は踊り場支持梁に踊り場床を取り付け、下側階段パーツを基礎と中央部階段支持梁とに差し渡して取り付け、上側階段パーツを中央部階段支持梁と上端部階段支持梁とに差し渡して取り付け、請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載されている別の屋外階段を２階以上の階に構築するときには、既に構築されている下階の階段フレームの上に階段フレームを、下階の第１支柱と第１支柱とが、また、下階の第２支柱と第２支柱とが、また、下階の第３支柱と第３支柱とが、また、下階の第４支柱と第４支柱とがそれぞれ略一直線状になる状態に、載置し、第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁のいずれか又は連結梁を上階の床にある階段取付部に連結し、第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれか又は踊り場支持梁に踊り場床を取り付け、下側階段パーツを床、廊下、下階の上端部階段支持梁のいずれかと中央部階段支持梁とに差し渡して取り付け、上側階段パーツを中央部階段支持梁と上端部階段支持枠とに差し渡して取り付ける屋外階段の構築方法を特徴とするので、この構築方法で構築された屋外階段は、地上または床や廊下から下側階段パーツを昇って踊り場床に達し、この踊り場床で回転して反対方向に向き、踊り場床から上側階段パーツを昇って上階に行くことができるし、床から上側階段パーツを降りて踊り場床に達し、この踊り場床で回転して反対方向に向き、踊り場床から下側階段パーツを降りて下階または地上に行くことができる。
【００３８】
そして、このように構築した屋外階段では、請求項１記載の発明の作用の項で説明したように、自立した屋外階段であり、設計し易いし、上記のように組み立てるだけで屋外階段を構築することができるので、作業し易い。
【００３９】
又、下端部階段支持梁がないので、下階の上端部階段支持梁が下端部階段支持梁と２重になることがなく、材料の節約となるし、下側階段パーツは、第１支柱の下端部と第３支柱の中央部とを連結する下側階段梁に沿って取り付けられ、上側階段パーツは、第４支柱の中央部と第２支柱の上端部とを連結する上側階段梁に沿って取り付けられ、下側階段パーツと上側階段パーツを昇降する人が外側を見るときに、この上側階段梁や下側階段梁が邪魔にならないし、階段の意匠性を損なわない。
【００４０】
また、この屋外階段では、支柱が屋外階段を取り付ける階の基礎または床面から上階の床面までの長さに略等しくなされているので、各階ごとに屋外階段を構築することができ、建物の階数がいくらであっても適応できる。
【００４１】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を実施例で説明する。
図１〜図１０は本発明の一実施例を示すもので、図１は建物本体の骨格の一部を示す斜視図、図２は梁と柱とを接続している状態を示す斜視図、図３は階段フレームに上側階段パーツ、下側階段パーツ、踊り場床を取り付けている状態を示す斜視図、図４は建物本体の２階に屋外階段を取り付けた状態を示す側面図、図５は図４のＡ−Ａ線における断面図、図６は第１支柱、第３支柱、下側階段梁、踊り場支持梁の連結状態を示す側面図、図７は第２支柱、第４支柱、上側階段梁、踊り場支持梁、連結梁の連結状態を示す側面図、図８は下側階段パーツを示す側面図、図９は上側階段パーツを示す側面図、図１０（イ）は中央部階段支持梁（上端部階段支持梁）を示す正面図、（ロ）は（イ）の平面図、（ハ）は（イ）の側面図である。
【００４２】
図１〜図１０において、Ｈは３階建ての建物であり、この建物Ｈは、建物本体１に屋外階段４が取り付けられたものである。
建物本体１の骨格は、図１に示すように、基礎９の上に設けられた１階の鋼製の断面Ｈ形長尺体の梁２と、この梁２の所々に立設された１階の鋼製の柱３と、この柱３の上端面に架け渡された２階の鋼製の断面Ｈ形長尺体の梁２と、この梁２の所々に立設された２階の鋼製の柱３と、この柱３の上に架け渡された３階の鋼製の断面Ｈ形長尺体の梁２と、この梁２の所々に立設された３階の鋼製の柱３と、この柱３の上に架け渡された屋根を構成する鋼製の断面Ｈ形長尺体の梁２とからなる。
【００４３】
尚、柱３には、鋼製の断面Ｈ形長尺体の柱３−１と鋼製の４角筒体の柱３−２の２種類ある。
この梁２と柱３−１の接続構造を図２を参照しながら説明する。
梁２の上側フランジ２１や下側フランジ２１にはそれぞれ、柱３−１を取り付ける位置に、中央のウエッブ２２を挟んで２個ずつ合計４個の通孔２３が設けられている。
【００４４】
また、柱３−１の上端部および下端部のウエッブ３２には、鋼製のＬ字形短尺の補強片３５の一方の片３５１が、他方の片３５２を向かい合わせるようにして、設けられ、柱３−１のフランジ３１とウエッブ３２と一方の片３５１とで囲まれている空間の端部には、連結板３６が取り付けられている。
このようにして、柱３−１の上端部及び下端部には、ウエッブ３２の両側に２個ずつ、合計４個の補強板３５と連結板３６が設けられている。尚、この連結板３６には通孔３６１が設けられている。
【００４５】
そして、図２に示すように、梁２の上に柱３−１が立設され、梁２の通孔２３と連結板３６の通孔３６１とに通されたボルトとナットとで柱３−１の下端部が連結され、この柱３−１の上に梁２が載置し、梁２の通孔２３と連結板３６の通孔３６１とに通されたボルトとナットとで柱３−１の上端部が連結されている。
建物本体１は、上記骨格に外壁面材や内壁面材や天井面材や間仕切り壁や屋根が等が取り付けられたものである。
【００４６】
４は屋外階段であり、この屋外階段４は、図３に示すように、階段フレーム５と下側階段パーツ６と上側階段パーツ７と踊り場床８とからなる。
階段フレーム５は、図３に示すように、支柱５１と上端部階段支持梁５２と中央部階段支持梁５３と下側階段梁５４と上側階段梁５５と、連結材である連結梁５６と踊り場支持梁５７とからなる。
【００４７】
支柱５１は、鋼製の断面Ｈ形長尺体であって、矩形状の４隅に立設された第１支柱５１１、第２支柱５１２、第３支柱５１３、第４支柱５１４からなる。
なお、これ等の４本の支柱５１は、屋外階段４を取り付ける階の基礎または床から上階の床までの長さに略等しくなされていて、上端と下端には板体５１８が取り付けられ、この板体５１８には通孔５１９が設けられている。
【００４８】
そして、この支柱５１と上端の板体５１８に別の支柱５１の下端の板体５１８を当接させ、両方の板体５１８に設けられている通孔５１９に通されたボルトとナットで連結すると、支柱５１と別の支柱５１とを略一直線状に連結することができるようになっている。
また、中央部階段支持梁５３は、図１０に示すように、下側階段パーツ６の幅と上側階段パーツ７の幅の合計と略等しい長さの鋼製の断面コ字形長尺体の本体５３１と、この本体５３１の両側に設けられた取付金具５３２とからなり、第３支柱５１３の中央部と第４支柱５１４の中央部とを連結するものである。
【００４９】
また、上端部階段支持梁５２は、下側階段パーツ６の幅と上側階段パーツ７の幅の合計と略等しい長さの鋼製の断面コ字形長尺体５２１と取付金具５２２とからなり、第１支柱５１１の上端部と第２支柱５１２の上端部とを連結するものである。そして、この上端部階段支持梁５２の構造は中央部階段支持梁５３と略同じであるので、図１０に中央部階段支持梁５３と合わせて記載する。
【００５０】
また、下側階段梁５４は、鋼製の断面Ｈ形長尺体であり、図６に示すように、第１支柱５１１の下端部と第３支柱５１３の中央部とを連結するものである。
また、上側階段梁５５は、鋼製の断面Ｈ形長尺体であり、図７に示すように、第４支柱５１４の中央部と第２支柱５１２の上端部とを連結するものである。
このように、４本の支柱５１に上端部階段支持梁５２、中央部階段支持梁５３、下側階段梁５４、上側階段梁５５を取り付けると、４本の支柱は、ばらばらにならず自立することのできる階段フレーム５となる。
【００５１】
連結梁５６は、鋼製の断面Ｈ形長尺体であり、第２支柱５１２の上端部に、上側階段梁５５と反対方向に略水平に突出した状態に取り付けられていて、建物本体１の梁２にある階段取付部Ｋと第２支柱５１２とを連結するものである。
【００５２】
踊り場支持梁５７は、鋼製の断面Ｈ形長尺体の梁材を、後述の踊り場床８の外周と略同じ形状のコ字形に枠組したものであって、第３支柱５１３の中央部と第４支柱４１４の中央部に取り付けられている。
この踊り場支持梁５７の取付構造は、踊り場支持梁５４を下側階段梁５４と反対方向に略水平に突出させた状態にして、コ字形の両側の端部４７１、４７２を、それぞれ第３支柱５１３と第４支柱５１４に接続している。
【００５３】
下側階段パーツ６は、図８に示すように、両側の略平行なささら桁６１と、この両側のささら桁６１に差し渡された踏板６２と蹴込板６３とからなる。
上側階段パーツ７は、図９に示すように、下側階段パーツ６と同様に、両側の略平行なささら桁７１と、この両側のささら桁７１に差し渡された踏板７２と蹴込板７３とからなる。
この上側階段パーツ７と下側階段パーツ６とを比較すると略同じ構造であるが、向きが異なることと、取り付ける場所が異なるために、ささら桁６１、７１の上下部分の構造が若干異なるだけである。
踊り場床８は厚みが略５０ｍｍの鉄線入りセメント押し出し成形板を４枚連結したものである。
【００５４】
次に、この屋外階段の構築方法及び作用について説明する。
工場で、梁２、柱３、階段フレーム５、下側階段パーツ６、上側階段パーツ７、踊り場床８等を製造する。
この梁２、柱３、階段フレーム５、下側階段パーツ６、上側階段パーツ７、踊り場床８等を施工現場に運搬する。
【００５５】
施工現場では、既に、設けられている基礎９の上に梁２を設け、この梁２の所々に柱３を立設し、この柱３の上端面に梁２を架け渡し、この梁２の所々に柱３を立設し、この柱３の上に梁２を架け渡し、この梁２の所々に柱３を立設し、この柱３の上に梁２と架け渡して３階建ての建物の骨格を組み立てる。
また、階段を取り付ける２階と３階の位置には、廊下を構成する梁２を延長させて階段取付部Ｋを設ける。
【００５６】
次に、この階段取付部Ｋに屋外階段を構築する方法について説明する。
屋外階段４を１階に構築するときには、１階の基礎に階段フレーム５を据え付け、連結梁５６を２階の建物本体１の階段取付部Ｋに連結する。又、上端部階段支持梁５２の第１支柱５１１側の先端を別の梁２に連結する。
すると、階段フレーム５が自立しているので、階段フレームを吊って作業する必要がなく、又、この連結梁５６が設けられているので、階段フレーム５を階段取付部Ｋと梁２に容易に、且つ、強固に取り付けることできる。このように、階段フレーム５を建物本体に取り付ける作業が容易である。
【００５７】
次に、踊り場支持梁４７に踊り場床８を取り付ける。
すると、踊り場支持梁４７は、梁材を踊り場床８の外周と略同じ形状のコ字形に枠組したものであるので、この踊り場支持梁４７の上に踊り場を載置するだけで強固に取り付けることができる。
また、下側階段パーツ６を基礎９、廊下、床のいずれかと中央部階段支持梁５３とに差し渡し、一方に寄せて取り付け、上側階段パーツ７を中央部階段支持梁５３と上端部階段支持梁５２とに差し渡し、下側階段パーツ６の隣に取り付けると１階の屋外階段４が構築される。
【００５８】
そして、階段取付部Ｋと梁２と上側階段支持梁５２とで囲まれた空間に、厚み１００ｍｍのＡＬＣ板の屋外廊下板５９を取り付けて、屋外階段を昇降する人の立つことのできる廊下の一部とする。
また、別の屋外階段５を２階に構築するときには、既に設けられている１階の階段フレーム５の上に階段フレーム５を、１階の第１支柱５１１と第１支柱５１１とが、また、１階の第２支柱５１２と第２支柱５１２とが、また、１階の第３支柱５１３と第３支柱５１３とが、また、１階の第４支柱５１４と第４支柱５１４とがそれぞれ略一直線状になる状態にして、載置し、連結梁５６を３階の建物本体１の階段取付部Ｋに連結したり、上端部階段支持梁５２を別の梁２に連結する。
【００５９】
すると、１階のときと同様に、階段フレーム５が自立しているし、この連結梁５６が設けられているので、階段フレーム５を階段取付部Ｋや梁２に強固に取り付けることでき、階段フレーム５を建物本体に取り付ける作業は容易である。
次に、踊り場支持梁４７に踊り場床８を取り付ける。
すると、１階のときと同様に、踊り場支持梁４７は、梁材を踊り場床８の外周と略同じ形状のコ字形に枠組したものであるので、この踊り場支持梁４７の上に踊り場を載置するだけで強固に取り付けることができる。
【００６０】
また、１階のときと同様に、下側階段パーツ６を廊下、床、下階の上端部階段支持梁５１のいずれかと中央部階段支持梁５３とに差し渡して取り付け、上側階段パーツ７を中央部階段支持梁５３と上端部階段支持梁５２とに差し渡して取り付けると屋外階段４が構築される。
そして、階段取付部Ｋと梁２と上端部階段支持梁５２とで囲まれた空間に、厚み１００ｍｍのＡＬＣ板の屋外廊下板５９を取り付けて、３階の廊下の一部とする。
次に、建物本体１の骨格に外壁パネル、内壁パネル、天井パネル、屋根パネル等を取り付けたり、その他の仕上げを行うと建物が完成する。
【００６１】
このようにして構築した屋外階段では、階段フレーム５と下側階段パーツ６と上側階段パーツ７と踊り場床８を工場で製造し、施工現場でこれ等を組み立てるだけで、自立した屋外階段４となる。
そして、このようにして構築された屋外階段４は、地上や床から下側階段パーツ６を昇って踊り場床８に達し、この踊り場床８で回転して反対方向に向き、踊り場床８から上側階段パーツ７を昇って上階に行くことができるし、床から上側階段パーツ７を降りて踊り場床８に達し、この踊り場床８で回転して反対方向に向き、踊り場床８から下側階段パーツ６を降りて下階や地上に行くことができる。
【００６２】
また、屋外階段４では、矩形状の四隅に立設された４本の支柱５１があるので自立していて、階段４及び階段を昇る人の荷重をこの４本の支柱５１が負担する。従って、設計し易いし、上記のように組み立てるだけで屋外階段が完成するので施工し易い。
また、この屋外階段４では、支柱５１の下端部には、下端部階段支持梁がないので、支柱５１の上端部に取り付けられた上端部階段支持梁５２が上階の下側階段支持梁と２重になることがなく、材料の節約となる。
【００６３】
また、下側階段パーツ６を基礎または床と、中央部階段支持梁５３とに差し渡して取り付けると、図４に示すように、外側から見ると、この下側階段パーツ６と、第１支柱５１１の下端部と第３支柱５１３の中央部とを連結する下側階段梁５４とが重なっていてどちらか一方のみが見えるし、上側階段パーツ７を中央部階段支持梁５３と上端部階段支持梁５２とに差し渡して取り付けると、外側から見ると、この上側階段パーツ７と、第４支柱５１４の中央部と第２支柱５１２の上端部とを連結する上側階段梁５５とが重なっていてどちらか一方のみが見えるので、下側階段パーツ６と上側階段パーツ７を昇降する人が外側を見るときに、上側階段梁５５や下側階段梁５４が邪魔にならないし、屋外階段４の意匠性を損なわない。
【００６４】
また、４本の支柱５１が屋外階段４を取り付ける階の基礎または床から上階の床までの長さに略等しくなされているので、各階ごとに屋外階段４を構築することができ、建物の階数がいくらであっても適応させることができる。
【００６５】
以上、この発明の実施の形態を実施例で詳細に説明したが、具体的な構成は、この実施例に限られるものではなく、この発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲の設計の変更等があっても、この発明に含まれる。
例えば、この実施例では、梁勝ちに組み立てられた鉄骨系の建物について説明したが、その他の建物でもよい。例えば、柱勝ちの鉄骨系の建物でもよいし、木造建物でもよい。また、現地で組み立てる建物でもよいし、工場で建物ユニットに組み立てて、施工現場で建物ユニットを組み立てるユニット建物でもよいし、材料を組み立てて、施工現場で組み立てるプレハブ建物でもよい。
【００６６】
また、第３支柱の中央部と第４支柱の中央部に踊り場床支持梁を設けているが、この踊り場支持梁を中央階段支持梁に設けてもよい。又、踊り場床支持梁を設けずに、踊り場床に枠材を取り付けていて、この枠材を第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれかに直接取り付けてもよい。
また、連結梁を第２支柱の上端部に取り付けているが、この連結梁を第１支柱の上端部に設けてもよいし、上端部階段支持梁に設けてもよい。また、建物本体の梁を廊下の階段を取り付ける側に設けていて、第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁をこの梁に直接取り付けるようにしてもよい。
【００６７】
【発明の効果】
以上説明してきたように、請求項１記載の発明は、階段フレームと下側階段パーツと上側階段パーツと踊り場床とからなる屋外階段であって、前記階段フレームは矩形状の４隅に立設された第１支柱、第２支柱、第３支柱、第４支柱からなる４本の支柱と、第１支柱の上端部と第２支柱の上端部とを連結する上端部階段支持梁と、第３支柱の中央部と第４支柱の中央部とを連結する中央部階段支持梁と、第１支柱の下端部と第３支柱の中央部とを連結する下側階段梁と、第４支柱の中央部と第２支柱の上端部とを連結する上側階段梁とからなり、これ等の４本の支柱は、屋外階段を取り付ける階の基礎または床から上階の床までの長さに略等しくなされている屋外階段を特徴とするから、４本の支柱が上端部階段支持梁、中央部階段支持梁、上側階段梁、下側階段梁で連結されていてばらばらにならないし、階段フレームと下側階段パーツと上側階段パーツと踊り場床を工場で製造し、施工現場でこの屋外階段を請求項４記載の発明のように組み立てると、階段フレームの４本の支柱で自立する屋外階段となる。
【００６８】
そして、このようにして構築された屋外階段は、地上または床から下側階段パーツを昇って踊り場床に達し、この踊り場床で回転して反対方向に向き、踊り場床から上側階段パーツを昇って上階に行くことができるし、床から上側階段パーツを降りて踊り場床に達し、この踊り場床で回転して反対方向に向き、踊り場床から下側階段パーツを降りて下階に行くことができる。
【００６９】
また、屋外階段では、矩形状の四隅に立設された４本の支柱があるので、屋外階段自体が自立していて、階段及び階段を昇る人の荷重をこの４本の支柱が負担する。従って、設計し易いし、上記のように組み立てるだけで屋外階段が完成するので施工し易い。
また、この屋外階段では、支柱の下端部には、下端部階段支持梁がないので、下階の上端部階段支持梁と下端部階段支持梁とが２重になることがなく、材料の節約となる。
【００７０】
また、下側階段パーツを基礎または床と、中央部階段支持梁とに差し渡して取り付けると、外側から見ると、この下側階段パーツと下側階段梁とが重なっていてどちらか一方のみが見えるし、上側階段パーツを中央部階段支持梁と上端階段支持枠とに差し渡して取り付けると、外側から見ると、この上側階段パーツと上側階段梁とが重なっていてどちらか一方のみが見えるので、昇降する人が外側を見るときに下側階段梁と上側階段梁が邪魔にならないし、階段の意匠性を損なわない。
また、４本の支柱が屋外階段を取り付ける階の基礎または床から上階の床までの長さに略等しくなされているので、各階ごとに屋外階段を構築することができ、建物の階数がいくらであっても適応できる。
【００７１】
請求項２記載の発明は、請求項１記載の発明に係り、前記第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁のいずれかには、建物本体に連結するための連結材が取り付けられているので、この連結材を建物本体の階段取付場所に取り付けると、階段フレームを建物本体の階段取付場所に強固に取り付ることができる。このようになっているので、屋外階段を建物本体に取り付け易く、作業し易い。
【００７２】
請求項３記載の発明は、請求項１記載の発明に係り、前記第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれかには、梁材をコ字形に枠組した踊り場支持梁が、下側階段梁と反対方向に略水平に突出し、且つ、コ字形の両側の端部を第３支柱中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれかに連結した状態に、取り付けられているから、この踊り場支持梁の上に踊り場床を載置するだけで強固に取り付けることができるし、下側階段パーツを昇った人や上側階段パーツを降りた人が、踊り場床の上に立ったり、回転して反対方向に向き易く、便利である。
【００７３】
請求項４記載の発明は、請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載されている屋外階段を１階に構築するときには、１階の基礎に階段フレームを据え付け、第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁のいずれか又は連結梁を２階の床にある階段取付部に連結し、第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中凹部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれか又は踊り場支持梁に踊り場床を取り付け、下側階段パーツを基礎と中央部階段支持梁とに差し渡して取り付け、上側階段パーツを中央部階段支持梁と上端部階段支持梁とに差し渡して取り付け、請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載されている別の屋外階段を２階以上の階に構築するときには、既に構築されている下階の階段フレームの上に階段フレームを、下階の第１支柱と第１支柱とが、また、下階の第２支柱と第２支柱とが、また、下階の第３支柱と第３支柱とが、また、下階の第４支柱と第４支柱とがそれぞれ略一直線状になる状態に、載置し、第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上側支持梁のいずれか又は連結梁を上階の床にある階段取付部に連結し、第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれか又は踊り場支持梁に踊り床を取り付け、下側階段パーツを床と中央部階段支持梁とに差し渡して取り付け、上側階段パーツを中央部階段支持梁と上端部階段支持梁とに差し渡して取り付ける屋外階段の構築方法を特徴とするから、このようにして構築された屋外階段は、請求項１記載の発明の効果の項で説明したように、地上または床から下側階段パーツを昇って踊り場床に達し、この踊り場床で回転して反対方向に向き、踊り場床から上側階段パーツを昇って上階に行くことができるし、床から上側階段パーツを降りて踊り場床に達し、この踊り場床で回転して反対方向に向き、踊り場床から下側階段パーツを降りて下階または地上に行くことができるし、自立した屋外階段であり、設計し易いし、上記のように組み立てるだけで屋外階段を構築することができ、作業し易い。
【００７４】
又、下側階段支持梁がないので、下階の上端部階段支持梁が下側階段支持梁と２重になることがなく、材料の節約となるし、下側階段パーツは、第１支柱の下端部と第３支柱の中央部とを連結する下側階段梁に沿って取り付けられ、上側階段パーツは、第４支柱の中央部と第２支柱の上端部とを連結する上側階段梁に沿って取り付けられている。従って、下側階段パーツと上側階段パーツを昇降する人が外側を見るときに上側階段梁や下側階段梁が邪魔にならないし、階段の意匠性を損なわない。
【００７５】
また、この屋外階段では、４本の支柱が屋外階段を取り付ける階の基礎または床から上階の床までの長さに略等しくなされているので、各階ごとに屋外階段を構築することができ、建物の階数がいくらであっても適応することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の一実施例を示すもので、建物本体の骨格の一部を示す斜視図である。
【図２】梁と柱とを接続している状態を示す斜視図である。
【図３】階段フレームに上側階段パーツ、下側階段パーツ、踊り場床を取り付けている状態を示す斜視図である。
【図４】建物本体の２階に屋外階段を取り付けた状態を示す側面図である。
【図５】図４のＡ−Ａ線における断面図である。
【図６】第１支柱、第３支柱、下側階段梁、踊り場支持梁の連結状態を示す側面図である。
【図７】第２支柱、第４支柱、上側階段梁、踊り場支持梁、連結梁の連結状態を示す側面図である。
【図８】下側階段パーツを示す側面図である。
【図９】上側階段パーツを示す側面図である。
【図１０】（イ）は中央部階段支持梁（上端部階段支持梁）を示す正面図、（ロ）は（イ）の平面図、（ハ）は（イ）の側面図である。
【符号の説明】
Ｈ 建物
Ｋ 階段取付部
１ 建物本体
２ 梁
３ 柱
４ 屋外階段
５ 階段フレーム
５１ 支柱
５１１ 第１支柱
５１２ 第２支柱
５１３ 第３支柱
５１４ 第４支柱
５２ 上端部階段支持梁
５３ 中央部階段支持梁
５４ 下側階段梁
５５ 上側階段梁
５６ 連結材（連結梁）
５７ 踊り場支持梁
６ 下側階段パーツ
７ 上側階段パーツ
８ 踊り場床[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a unit-type outdoor staircase and a method for constructing an outdoor staircase.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Unit-type outdoor staircases are divided into several parts, the parts are manufactured in factories, etc., and these parts are assembled into staircases. Since it has the feature of being an outdoor staircase, it has been widely adopted.
Various types of unit-type outdoor staircases are conventionally known.
[0003]
As a general unit type outdoor staircase, there are many staircases of substantially the same format as the staircase described in Patent Document 1.
This unit-type outdoor staircase is composed of a substantially straight staircase part that is assembled with sagittal girders, treads, kick boards, etc., an L-shaped first receiving member composed of a horizontal restriction piece and a vertical restriction piece, and a flat, bolted insert. It is composed of a second receiving member provided with a general long hole. At the construction site, a staircase girder is provided in advance in the staircase mounting part such as a corridor of the building body, and further, a strut and a short are respectively provided on both sides of the staircase girder. A supporting column is provided, a first receiving member is attached to the supporting column, a second receiving member is attached to the short supporting column, and an upper end portion of a stair panel girder is attached to the first receiving member and the second receiving member.
[0004]
An outdoor staircase described in Patent Document 2 is also known.
The outdoor staircase described in Patent Document 2 includes four columns including a first column, a second column, a third column, and a fourth column, which are erected at four rectangular corners, and the first column. A lower end stair support beam connecting the lower end portion and the lower end portion of the second column, an upper end step support beam connecting the upper end portion of the first column and the upper end portion of the second column, and the center portion of the third column A central stair support beam that connects the central portion of the fourth column, a first stair beam that connects the central portion of the first column and the central portion of the third column, the central portion of the second column, and the fourth column. A second staircase beam connecting the center of the column, and a U-shaped landing beam support beam formed by extending the first stairway beam and the second staircase beam and connecting the ends of the extended beam. The lower staircase parts are attached to the lower stair support beam and the central stair support beam of the stair frame, and the central stair support Attaching an upper stair parts in the beam and the upper end stepped supporting beam, in which mounting the landing floor landing support beam.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-83144
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A-6-212758
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the outdoor staircase described in Patent Document 1, when the spar girder of the stair part is attached to the first receiving member and the second receiving member, the stair part and the load of the person moving up and down the stairs are Since it is applied to the connecting portion between the first receiving member and the connecting portion between the counter girder and the second receiving member, it is necessary to make the connecting structure of both connecting portions firmly connectable to withstand this load. For this reason, it is difficult to work because of its complicated structure.
[0007]
In addition, it is difficult to mount heavy staircase parts while supporting them, which increases the number of on-site construction steps and increases the cost. In addition, there is a problem that there is a lot of work in high places and it is dangerous.
In addition, this outdoor staircase is attached to a short strut connected to the building body, and the other is attached to the strut of the building body, so the vertical load is borne by the struts and short struts, such as earthquakes and wind pressure The load in the horizontal direction is supposed to be borne on the building body, but it is difficult to design many cases where the transmission form of this load is unclear.
[0008]
Therefore, there is a demand for a self-supporting outdoor staircase that manufactures parts designed so that they can be assembled independently at a factory, and is completed by simply installing them.
[0009]
On the other hand, the outdoor stair described in Patent Document 2 can be self-supported by the four struts of the stair frame, and it is easy to design because it can easily understand the transmission of the load in the horizontal direction and the load in the vertical direction.
In addition, the load of the stair part and the person who goes up and down on the stair part is applied to the support column, and it hardly affects the connection part connected to the building body. Therefore, it is not necessary to attach heavy staircase parts while supporting them, and the connection structure between the staircase frame and the building body is simple and easy to construct, and it is easy to construct an outdoor staircase.
[0010]
Moreover, the staircase frame has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture. The staircase frame, the lower staircase part, the upper staircase part, the landing floor, etc. are manufactured at the factory, and this is simply assembled at the construction site to form an outdoor staircase. It is extremely convenient.
In addition, in a building with three or more floors, the outdoor stairs are provided on the second and higher floors in order to ascend to the third and higher floors. In this case, the outdoor staircase is placed on the lower floor outdoor staircase, the lower floor first strut and first strut, the lower floor second strut and second strut, and the lower floor The third support column and the third support column and the fourth support column and the fourth support column on the lower floor may be stacked so as to be in a substantially straight line, and it is extremely easy to construct.
[0011]
However, in this outdoor staircase, when stacked, the upper floor stair support beam on the lower floor and the lower floor stair support beam on the floor to be attached overlap, and this part is doubled, which is uneconomical.
In addition, a first stair beam connecting the first strut and the third strut, a second stair beam, and a second stair beam crossing substantially the center of the staircase. 2 Because it enters the eyes of the person who goes up and down the stair beam, it gets in the way when the person going up and down sees the outside, and even when viewed from the outside, the first stair beam and the second stair beam break the appearance of the stairs. There is a problem that it is not beautiful.
[0012]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to further improve the outdoor stairs described in the above-mentioned Patent Document 2 which can be made into a self-supporting stairs by manufacturing a stairs frame and the like at a factory and assembling them at a construction site. By providing an outdoor staircase in which the upper-end staircase support beam and the lower-end staircase support beam are not doubled, and the staircase beam does not get in the way or break the appearance, and a method for constructing this outdoor staircase is there.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and the invention according to claim 1 is an outdoor staircase comprising a stair frame, a lower stair part, an upper stair part, and a landing floor, The staircase frame has four columns including a first column, a second column, a third column, and a fourth column that are erected at four rectangular corners, an upper end portion of the first column, and an upper end portion of the second column. The upper-end staircase support beam connecting the center, the center-stage staircase support beam connecting the center portion of the third strut and the center portion of the fourth strut, the lower end portion of the first strut and the center portion of the third strut It consists of a lower stairs beam that connects, and an upper stairs beam that connects the center of the fourth column and the upper end of the second column, and these four columns are the foundation or floor of the floor to which the outdoor stairs are attached. It features an outdoor staircase that is approximately equal in length to the upper floor.
[0014]
The first strut, the second strut, the third strut, the fourth strut, the stair support beam such as the top stair support beam and the central stair support beam, and the upper stair beam used in the invention of claim 1 The beam such as the stair beam such as the lower stair beam may be a long body, and the material and shape may be appropriate. For example, it may be made of metal such as a steel frame or may be wooden such as wood. Further, in the case of metal, it may be a rod-like body such as a round bar or a square bar, or a cylindrical shape such as a round cylinder or a square cylinder, or a C-shaped steel having a C-shaped long section or an H-shaped section. It may be a deformed material such as a long H-shaped steel. In particular, H-shaped steel is suitable because of its high mechanical strength per unit volume.
[0015]
Further, the landing floor may be a plate-like body, but since it is an outdoor staircase, a plate-like body having excellent water resistance and weather resistance is preferable. Moreover, since a person is placed on this, a plate-like body having a high mechanical strength is preferable. Such a landing floor is preferably an ALC plate, a cement extruded plate containing iron wire, or the like. Further, an iron plate, a frame, or the like may be attached to the lower side or side edge of the plate-like body for reinforcement.
[0016]
In the outdoor staircase according to the first aspect of the invention, the upper staircase part rises to the upper floor or the upper floor part descends to the upper staircase part. Therefore, it is necessary to attach either the upper end part of the 1st support | pillar located in the upper end of an outdoor staircase, the upper end part of a 2nd support | pillar, or an upper end part stair support beam to the stair attachment place of a building main body. This staircase installation place refers to a beam or the like to which a staircase on the upper floor of the building body can be attached. Usually, since a person who goes up and down the stairs needs to stand in front of the stairs, a beam or the like provided on the floor of a plaza (such as a corridor) where a person in front of the stairs can stand is preferable.
[0017]
And in order to make it easy to attach to this staircase attachment place, the connecting beam is attached to any one of the upper end portion of the first strut, the upper end portion of the second strut, and the upper end step support beam as described in claim 2. And, it is preferable because the stair frame can be firmly and easily attached by simply attaching the connecting beam to the stair attachment place of the building body.
[0018]
In the outdoor staircase of the invention according to claim 1, when the lower staircase part rises to the upper staircase part or descends from the upper staircase part to the lower part, it rotates between the lower staircase part and the upper staircase part. Need to face in the opposite direction. That is, it is necessary to provide a landing floor for facing in the opposite direction between the upper step part and the lower step part. That is, it is necessary to attach the landing floor to any one of the central part of the third pillar, the central part of the fourth pillar, and the central stairs support beam. The landing floor is connected to the central part of the third pillar and the central part of the fourth pillar. It may be attached directly to the central staircase support beam, etc., but if the landing support beam is attached to any of the central part of the third pillar, the central part of the fourth pillar, or the central staircase support beam, Since it becomes easy to attach, it is preferable.
[0019]
The landing support beam may have any suitable shape. However, since the landing floor is usually rectangular, the landing is formed by framing the beam into a U-shape substantially equal to the shape of the outer edge of the landing floor. If the support beam is attached to any of the center part of the third support pillar, the center part of the fourth support pillar, or the central part stair support beam, the landing floor can be easily set by simply placing the landing floor on this landing support beam. And it can attach firmly and is preferable.
[0020]
That is, the invention according to claim 2 relates to the invention according to claim 1, wherein the upper end portion of the first column, the upper end portion of the second column, or the upper-end staircase support beam is connected to the building body. The connecting material for this is attached.
[0021]
The connecting material in the invention of claim 2 is a member that can attach the upper end portion of the first strut, the upper end portion of the second strut, or the upper end stair support beam to the staircase mounting place at the upper end portion of the staircase frame. Say.
Therefore, when the staircase mounting location, for example, a corridor beam, is near the upper end of the first column, the upper end of the second column, or the upper end step support beam, it can be passed to the gap between them. A U-shaped metal fitting or an L-shaped metal fitting is preferable. Also, if the staircase installation location, for example, the corridor beam, etc. is located away from the upper end of the first column, the upper end of the second column, or the upper end step support beam, the two can be connected A connecting beam that can be formed is preferred.
[0022]
In general, when the outdoor staircase is attached to the building body, it may be attached by connecting one place, but it is preferable to connect two or more places because it can be attached firmly.
As a method of connecting at two or more locations, two or more connecting materials may be provided and connected only by this connecting material, or one or more connecting materials and one or more upper ends of the first support columns. The connecting method of connecting with the connecting material and the connecting method of connecting directly may be used together, such as connecting directly with the upper end portion of the second support column and the upper-end staircase support beam.
[0023]
Further, the invention according to claim 3 relates to the invention according to claim 1, and the beam material is U-shaped in any one of the central portion of the third support column, the central portion of the fourth support column, and the central step support beam. The landing support beam that is framed in the shape of the frame protrudes approximately horizontally in the opposite direction to the lower staircase beam, and the ends of both sides of the U-shape are the center of the third strut, the center of the fourth strut, and the central staircase support beam. It is attached to one of the connected states.
[0024]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, when the outdoor staircase described in any one of the first to third aspects is constructed on the first floor, a stair frame is installed on the foundation of the first floor, the upper end of the first support column, the second Connect either the top or bottom stair support beam of the support column or the connecting beam to the stair mounting part on the second floor, the center of the third support column, the center of the fourth support column, the center stair support beam Attach the landing floor to either or the landing support beam, install the lower staircase part across the foundation and the central stair support beam, and install the upper staircase part across the center stair support beam and the top stair support beam When constructing another outdoor staircase according to any one of claims 1 to 3 on two or more floors, a staircase frame is placed on a lower staircase frame that has already been constructed, 1 strut and 1st strut is the second strut on the lower floor The second support column is placed in a state where the third support column and the third support column on the lower floor, and the fourth support column and the fourth support column on the lower floor are respectively substantially straight. Connect the upper end of the strut, the upper end of the second strut, the staircase support beam at the upper end or the connecting beam to the stair mounting part on the upper floor, the center of the third strut, the center of the fourth strut Attaching the landing floor to one of the central stairs support beams or landing landing support beams, attaching the lower stairs parts across the floor, corridor, lower floor upper stairs support beams and the central stairs support beams, The construction method of the outdoor staircase is characterized by passing the upper staircase part across the center staircase support beam and the upper end staircase support frame.
[0025]
In the invention according to claim 2 and the invention according to claim 4, any one of the upper end portion of the first strut, the upper end portion of the second strut, and the upper-end staircase support beam is the upper end portion of the first strut and the second strut support beam. It refers to any one or a plurality of locations of the upper end portion and the upper end staircase support beam. That is, only the upper end of the first support column, only the upper end of the second support column, only the upper-end staircase support beam, or the upper end of the first support column and the upper end of the second support column, etc. There may be two places, and there may be three places, such as the upper end part of a 1st support | pillar, the upper end part of a 2nd support | pillar, and an upper-end part staircase support beam.
[0026]
In addition, any one of the central portion of the third support column, the central portion of the fourth support column, and the central step supporting beam in the invention of claim 3 and the invention of claim 4 is the central portion of the second support column and the fourth support column. Any one or a plurality of the central part and the central part stair support beam. That is, only the center portion of the third support column, only the center portion of the fourth support column, only the central step support beam, or the center portion of the third support column and the center portion of the fourth support column may be used. There may be two places, or there may be three places such as the center of the third column, the center of the fourth column, and the central step support beam.
[0027]
(Function)
The invention according to claim 1 is an outdoor staircase comprising a staircase frame, a lower staircase part, an upper staircase part, and a landing floor, wherein the staircase frame is provided with first pillars erected at four rectangular corners, 4 struts consisting of 2 struts, 3rd struts, 4th struts, upper end staircase support beams connecting the upper end of the first struts and the upper end of the second struts, the center of the third strut and the A central stair support beam connecting the center of the four columns, a lower step beam connecting the lower end of the first column and the center of the third column, the center of the fourth column and the second column Since it consists of the upper stair beam connecting the upper end, the first strut, the second strut, the third strut, and the fourth strut standing at the four corners are the upper stair support beam, the central stair support beam, Connected by the side stair beam and the upper stair beam, the four struts do not fall apart, the stair frame and the lower stair par And an upper stair parts and landings bed was prepared in a factory and assembled so like as in the invention of claim 4, wherein at the construction site, the outdoor stairs to self by four posts staircase frame.
[0028]
In other words, when constructing an outdoor staircase on the first floor, a staircase frame is installed on the foundation of the first floor, and either the upper end of the first strut, the upper end of the second strut, or the upper staircase support beam of the staircase is built. Connect to the staircase installation place on the floor of the main hall 2nd floor corridor, etc., and attach the landing floor to any of the central part of the 3rd pillar, the central part of the 4th pillar, or the central stair support beam. Is attached to the foundation and the central stair support beam, and the upper stair part is attached to the central stair support beam and the upper end stair support beam to construct an outdoor staircase.
[0029]
Further, when another outdoor staircase described in any one of claims 1 to 3 is constructed on two or more floors, the staircase frame is placed on the already constructed lower floor staircase frame. 1st support and 1st support, 2nd support and 2nd support on the lower floor, 3rd support and 3rd support on the lower floor, 4th support and 2nd support on the lower floor Place the four struts in a substantially straight line, and place either the upper end of the first strut, the upper end of the second strut, or the upper-end staircase support beam on the floor of the upper floor of the building body. Connect to a certain staircase mounting part, attach the landing floor to any of the central part of the third strut, the central part of the fourth strut, or the central stair support beam, and attach the lower staircase parts to the top of the floor, hallway, and lower floor Attach to one of the stair support beams and the center stair support beam, and install the upper stair part to the center stair support beam and top stair support When installed by passing pointing to a frame, outdoor stairs is built.
[0030]
The outdoor staircase thus constructed climbs the lower staircase part from the ground or floor or corridor to reach the landing floor, rotates on this landing floor and faces in the opposite direction, and rises from the landing floor to the upper staircase part You can go to the upper floor, get off the upper staircase parts from the floor or hallway and reach the landing floor, rotate on this landing floor and turn in the opposite direction, then go down the lower staircase parts from the landing floor and lower floor or ground Can go to.
[0031]
In addition, the outdoor staircase has four pillars erected at the four corners of the rectangle, so the outdoor staircase itself is self-supporting, and the four pillars bear the load of the stairs and climbing stairs. . Therefore, it is easy to design, and it is easy to work because an outdoor staircase can be constructed simply by assembling as described above.
Also, in this outdoor staircase, there is no lower end stair support beam at the lower end of the column, so when the outdoor stair is stacked, the upper end stair support beam on the lower floor is doubled with the lower end stair support beam. It saves material.
[0032]
When the lower staircase part is attached to the foundation or floor and the central stair support beam, the lower staircase part is connected to the lower end of the first column and the center of the third column. Attached along the side stair beam.
Therefore, when viewed from the outside, the lower stair part and the lower stair beam overlap and only one of them can be seen.
[0033]
When the upper staircase part is attached to the central stair support beam and the upper staircase support beam, the upper staircase part is connected to the upper part of the fourth post and the upper part of the second post. Attached along.
Therefore, when viewed from the outside, the upper stair part and the upper stair beam overlap and only one of them can be seen.
Thus, when the person who goes up and down the outdoor stair looks outside, the lower floor beam and the upper stair beam do not get in the way, and the design of the staircase is not impaired.
[0034]
Furthermore, in the outdoor staircase according to the first aspect of the present invention, the four struts are substantially equal in length from the foundation or floor surface of the floor to which the outdoor staircase is attached to the upper floor surface. If you install one of these, you can build an outdoor staircase on that floor, and if you install another outdoor staircase on it, you can build an outdoor staircase on this floor.
Thus, since an outdoor staircase can be constructed for each floor, it can be adapted to any number of floors in the building.
[0035]
The invention according to claim 2 relates to the invention according to claim 1, wherein any one of the upper end portion of the first support column, the upper end portion of the second support column, and the upper-end staircase support beam is connected to the building body. Since the connecting material is attached, when the connecting material is attached to the staircase mounting location of the building body, the stair frame is firmly attached to the staircase mounting location of the building body. Thus, the outdoor staircase of the invention according to claim 2 is an outdoor staircase that can be easily attached to the building body.
[0036]
The invention according to claim 3 relates to the invention according to claim 1, and in any one of the central part of the third support column, the central part of the fourth support column, and the central step support beam, a frame is formed in a U-shape. The landing support beam that protrudes approximately horizontally in the opposite direction to the lower staircase beam, and the ends on both sides of the U-shape are either the third support center, the center of the fourth support, or the center stair support beam Since it is attached in a state of being connected to the landing stage, it can be attached firmly by simply placing the landing floor on the landing support beam, which is convenient. In addition, since this landing floor is attached to a landing support beam that protrudes in the opposite direction to the lower staircase beam, people who have climbed the lower staircase parts can easily stand on the landing floor in the direction of travel, People who get off the upper staircase parts can easily stand on the landing floor in the direction of travel.
[0037]
In the invention according to claim 4, when the outdoor staircase described in any one of claims 1 to 3 is constructed on the first floor, the stair frame is installed on the foundation of the first floor, the upper end portion of the first support column, the second Connect either the top or bottom stair support beam of the support column or the connecting beam to the stair mounting part on the second floor, the center of the third support column, the center of the fourth support column, the center stair support beam Attach the landing floor to either or the landing support beam, install the lower staircase part across the foundation and the central stair support beam, and install the upper staircase part across the center stair support beam and the top stair support beam When constructing another outdoor staircase according to any one of claims 1 to 3 on two or more floors, a staircase frame is placed on a lower staircase frame that has already been constructed, 1 strut and 1st strut are And the second column, the third column and the third column on the lower floor, and the fourth column and the fourth column on the lower floor are respectively placed in a substantially straight line, Connect one of the upper end of one strut, the upper end of the second strut, the upper end staircase support beam or the connecting beam to the staircase mounting on the upper floor, the center of the third strut, the center of the fourth strut Attach the landing floor to either the central or staircase support beam, or to the landing support beam, and install the lower staircase part across the floor, corridor, or lower floor upper staircase support beam and the central staircase support beam Since it features a construction method of outdoor staircases, the upper staircase parts are attached to the center staircase support beam and the top end staircase support frame. Ascend the stairs parts to reach the landing floor and rotate on this landing floor You can go up and go up the upper staircase parts from the landing floor to the upper floor, go down the upper staircase parts from the floor to the landing floor, rotate on this landing floor and turn in the opposite direction, from the landing floor You can get off the lower stairs and go downstairs or on the ground.
[0038]
And the outdoor staircase constructed in this way is a self-supporting outdoor staircase as explained in the section of the operation of the invention described in claim 1, and it is easy to design and can be constructed simply by assembling as described above. It is easy to work.
[0039]
In addition, since there is no lower-end staircase support beam, the upper-end staircase support beam on the lower floor is not doubled with the lower-end staircase support beam, saving material, and the lower staircase part is the first strut The upper staircase part is attached to the upper staircase beam that connects the central portion of the fourth strut and the upper end portion of the second strut. The upper stair beam and the lower stair beam are not in the way when a person who goes up and down and goes up and down the lower stair part and the upper stair part looks outside, and does not impair the design of the stair.
[0040]
Also, in this outdoor staircase, the struts are made approximately equal to the base of the floor where the outdoor staircase is attached or the length from the floor to the floor of the upper floor, so it is possible to build an outdoor staircase for each floor, It can be applied regardless of the number of floors.
[0041]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described by way of examples.
FIGS. 1-10 shows one Example of this invention, FIG. 1 is a perspective view which shows a part of frame | skeleton of a building main body, FIG. 2 is a perspective view which shows the state which connected the beam and the column, 3 is a perspective view showing a state where the upper stair part, the lower stair part, and the landing floor are attached to the stair frame, FIG. 4 is a side view showing the state where the outdoor stair is attached to the second floor of the building body, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 4, FIG. 6 is a side view showing a connection state of the first support column, the third support column, the lower step beam, and the landing support beam, and FIG. 7 is the second support column, the fourth support column, and the upper side. Side view showing the connection of the stair beam, landing stage support beam, and connecting beam, FIG. 8 is a side view showing the lower stair part, FIG. 9 is a side view showing the upper stair part, and FIG. The front view which shows a beam (upper end step staircase support beam), (B) is a plan view of (A), and (C) is a side view of (A).
[0042]
1 to 10, H is a three-story building, and this building H has an outdoor staircase 4 attached to the building body 1.
As shown in FIG. 1, the skeleton of the building main body 1 includes a beam 2 of a steel cross section H-shaped long body on the first floor provided on the foundation 9, and 1 erected on the beams 2. The steel pillar 3 on the floor, the beam 2 of the steel section H-shaped elongated body on the second floor spanned over the upper end surface of this pillar 3, and the second floor standing on the beam 2 A steel pillar 3, a beam 2 of a steel section H-shaped elongated body on the third floor spanned over the pillar 3, and a steel floor of the third floor standing upright on the beam 2 It consists of the pillar 3 and the beam 2 of the steel cross-section H-shaped elongate body which comprises the roof laid over this pillar 3. FIG.
[0043]
In addition, there are two types of columns 3, that is, a column 3-1 having a steel cross section H-shaped long body and a column 3-2 having a steel rectangular tube.
The connection structure between the beam 2 and the column 3-1 will be described with reference to FIG.
Each of the upper flange 21 and the lower flange 21 of the beam 2 is provided with four through-holes 23 at a position where the column 3-1 is attached, with two webs sandwiching the central web 22 therebetween.
[0044]
Also, one piece 351 of a steel L-shaped short reinforcing piece 35 is provided on the upper end 32 and the lower end web 32 of the pillar 3-1 so that the other piece 352 faces each other. A connecting plate 36 is attached to an end portion of a space surrounded by the flange 31, the web 32, and the one piece 351.
In this manner, a total of four reinforcing plates 35 and connecting plates 36 are provided at the upper end portion and the lower end portion of the pillar 3-1, two on each side of the web 32. The connecting plate 36 is provided with a through hole 361.
[0045]
Then, as shown in FIG. 2, a column 3-1 is erected on the beam 2, and the column 3- is connected by a bolt and a nut that are passed through the through hole 23 of the beam 2 and the through hole 361 of the connecting plate 36. 1 is connected, the beam 2 is placed on the column 3-1, and the bolt 3 and the nut passed through the through hole 23 of the beam 2 and the through hole 361 of the connecting plate 36 are connected to the column 3- The upper end of 1 is connected.
The building body 1 has an outer wall material, an inner wall material, a ceiling surface material, a partition wall, a roof, and the like attached to the skeleton.
[0046]
Reference numeral 4 denotes an outdoor staircase. The outdoor staircase 4 includes a staircase frame 5, a lower staircase part 6, an upper staircase part 7, and a landing floor 8, as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, the stair frame 5 includes a column 51, an upper step stair support beam 52, a central step stair support beam 53, a lower step beam 54, an upper step beam 55, a connecting beam 56 that is a connecting material, and a landing. And a support beam 57.
[0047]
The support column 51 is an elongated steel H-shaped cross section, and includes a first support column 511, a second support column 512, a third support column 513, and a fourth support column 514 erected at four rectangular corners.
These four struts 51 are substantially equal to the length of the base of the floor to which the outdoor staircase 4 is attached or the floor to the floor of the upper floor, and plate bodies 518 are attached to the upper and lower ends, The plate body 518 is provided with a through hole 519.
[0048]
Then, when the plate body 518 at the lower end of another support column 51 is brought into contact with the plate body 518 at the upper end of the support column 51 and connected with bolts and nuts passed through the through holes 519 provided in both plate bodies 518. The strut 51 and another strut 51 can be connected in a substantially straight line.
Further, as shown in FIG. 10, the central step support beam 53 is a main body of a U-shaped long section made of steel having a length substantially equal to the total width of the lower step part 6 and the upper step part 7. 531 and mounting brackets 532 provided on both sides of the main body 531, and connects the central portion of the third support column 513 and the central portion of the fourth support column 514.
[0049]
The upper-end stair support beam 52 is composed of a steel U-shaped elongated body 521 having a length substantially equal to the total width of the lower stair part 6 and the upper stair part 7 and a mounting bracket 522. The upper end part of the 1st support | pillar 511 and the upper end part of the 2nd support | pillar 512 are connected. Since the structure of the upper-end stair support beam 52 is substantially the same as that of the central stair support beam 53, FIG.
[0050]
Further, the lower step beam 54 is a steel cross section H-shaped long body, and connects the lower end portion of the first support column 511 and the central portion of the third support column 513 as shown in FIG. .
The upper step beam 55 is a steel cross section H-shaped long body, and connects the center of the fourth column 514 and the upper end of the second column 512 as shown in FIG.
As described above, when the upper step stair support beam 52, the central step stair support beam 53, the lower step stair beam 54, and the upper step stair beam 55 are attached to the four columns 51, the four columns become independent without being separated. It becomes the staircase frame 5 that can be.
[0051]
The connecting beam 56 is a steel cross section H-shaped long body, and is attached to the upper end portion of the second support column 512 so as to protrude substantially horizontally in the direction opposite to the upper step beam 55. The stair attachment portion K in the beam 2 and the second support column 512 are connected.
[0052]
The landing beam support beam 57 is formed by framing a steel beam member having an H-shaped long section into a U-shape having substantially the same shape as the outer periphery of a landing floor 8 described later, and a center portion of the third support column 513. It is attached to the center of the fourth support column 414.
The landing structure support beam 57 is attached in such a manner that the landing stage support beam 54 protrudes substantially horizontally in a direction opposite to the lower step beam 54, and ends 471 and 472 on both sides of the U-shape are respectively connected to the third support column. 513 and the fourth support column 514 are connected.
[0053]
As shown in FIG. 8, the lower staircase part 6 includes a substantially parallel cage girder 61 on both sides, and a tread plate 62 and a kick plate 63 passed to the cage girder 61 on both sides.
As shown in FIG. 9, the upper stair part 7, as with the lower stair part 6, includes substantially parallel saddle beams 71 on both sides, and a tread plate 72 and a kick plate 73 that are passed to the saddle beams 71 on both sides. Consists of.
Comparing the upper stair part 7 and the lower stair part 6, the structure is substantially the same. However, because the orientation is different and the mounting location is different, the structures of the upper and lower parts of the spar 61 and 71 are only slightly different. is there.
The landing floor 8 is formed by connecting four cement extruded plates containing iron wire with a thickness of about 50 mm.
[0054]
Next, the construction method and operation of this outdoor staircase will be described.
The factory manufactures beam 2, pillar 3, stair frame 5, lower stair part 6, upper stair part 7, landing floor 8, and the like.
The beam 2, the pillar 3, the stair frame 5, the lower stair part 6, the upper stair part 7, the landing floor 8, etc. are transported to the construction site.
[0055]
At the construction site, the beam 2 is already provided on the foundation 9 already provided, the pillar 3 is erected on the beam 2, the beam 2 is bridged over the upper end surface of the pillar 3, and the beam 2 Pillars 3 are erected at various places, a beam 2 is bridged over the pillars 3, a pillar 3 is erected at various places of the beam 2, and the beam 2 is bridged over the pillar 3 to form a three-story building. Assemble the building skeleton.
Further, at the positions of the second floor and the third floor where the stairs are attached, the stairs attaching portion K is provided by extending the beam 2 constituting the hallway.
[0056]
Next, a method for constructing an outdoor staircase in the staircase attachment portion K will be described.
When the outdoor staircase 4 is constructed on the first floor, the stair frame 5 is installed on the foundation of the first floor, and the connecting beam 56 is connected to the stair mounting portion K of the building body 1 on the second floor. Further, the tip of the upper-end stair support beam 52 on the first support column 511 side is connected to another beam 2.
Then, since the staircase frame 5 is self-supporting, it is not necessary to suspend the staircase frame, and since the connecting beam 56 is provided, the staircase frame 5 can be easily attached to the stair mounting portion K and the beam 2. And it can attach firmly. In this way, the work of attaching the staircase frame 5 to the building body is easy.
[0057]
Next, the landing floor 8 is attached to the landing support beam 47.
Then, the landing support beam 47 is formed by framing the beam material into a U-shape having substantially the same shape as the outer periphery of the landing floor 8, so that the landing support beam 47 can be firmly attached by simply placing the landing on the landing support beam 47. Can do.
Further, the lower staircase part 6 is transferred to one of the foundation 9, the corridor and the floor and the central stair support beam 53 and attached to one side, and the upper stair part 7 is attached to the central stair support beam 53 and the upper stair support beam. When it is passed to 52 and attached next to the lower stairs part 6, the outdoor stairs 4 on the first floor is constructed.
[0058]
Then, in the space surrounded by the staircase mounting portion K, the beam 2 and the upper staircase support beam 52, an outdoor corridor plate 59 of ALC plate having a thickness of 100 mm is attached, and the corridor where a person who goes up and down the outdoor staircase can stand Part.
When another outdoor staircase 5 is constructed on the second floor, the first staircase 511 and the first strut 511 on the first floor are replaced with the staircase frame 5 on the first floor staircase frame 5 already provided. The second strut 512 and the second strut 512 on the first floor, the third strut 513 and the third strut 513 on the first floor, and the fourth strut 514 and the fourth strut 514 on the first floor, respectively. The connecting beam 56 is placed in a substantially straight state, and the connecting beam 56 is connected to the stair mounting portion K of the building main body 1 on the third floor, or the upper end stair support beam 52 is connected to another beam 2.
[0059]
Then, as in the case of the first floor, the staircase frame 5 is self-supporting, and since the connecting beam 56 is provided, the staircase frame 5 can be firmly attached to the staircase attachment portion K and the beam 2, The operation of attaching the frame 5 to the building body is easy.
Next, the landing floor 8 is attached to the landing support beam 47.
Then, as in the case of the first floor, the landing stage support beam 47 is formed by framing the beam material in a U-shape having substantially the same shape as the outer periphery of the landing stage floor 8, so that the landing stage is mounted on the landing stage support beam 47. It can be attached firmly just by placing.
[0060]
Similarly to the case of the first floor, the lower staircase part 6 is attached to either the corridor, the floor, or one of the upper staircase support beams 51 on the lower floor and the central staircase support beam 53, and the upper staircase part 7 is attached to the center. The outdoor staircase 4 is constructed by being attached to the upper staircase support beam 53 and the upper end staircase support beam 52.
And the outdoor corridor board 59 of the ALC board of thickness 100mm is attached to the space enclosed by the staircase attaching part K, the beam 2, and the upper-end staircase support beam 52, and it is made a part of the corridor on the third floor.
Next, when an outer wall panel, an inner wall panel, a ceiling panel, a roof panel, or the like is attached to the skeleton of the building body 1 or other finishing is performed, the building is completed.
[0061]
In the outdoor stairs constructed in this way, the stairs frame 5, the lower stairs part 6, the upper stairs part 7 and the landing floor 8 are manufactured at the factory, and these are assembled at the construction site. Become.
The outdoor staircase 4 constructed in this way ascends the lower staircase parts 6 from the ground or floor to the landing floor 8, rotates on the landing floor 8 and faces in the opposite direction, and from the landing floor 8 to the upper side. You can go up the stairs part 7 to the upper floor, get off the upper stairs part 7 from the floor and reach the landing floor 8, rotate on this landing floor 8 and turn in the opposite direction, and from the landing floor 8 to the lower stairs You can get off part 6 and go downstairs or on the ground.
[0062]
In addition, the outdoor staircase 4 is self-supporting because there are four support columns 51 erected at the four corners of the rectangle, and the four support columns 51 bear the load of the stairs 4 and the person climbing the stairs. Therefore, it is easy to design and it is easy to construct because the outdoor staircase is completed simply by assembling as described above.
Moreover, in this outdoor staircase 4, since there is no lower end step support beam at the lower end portion of the column 51, the upper end step support beam 52 attached to the upper end portion of the column 51 is connected to the lower step support beam on the upper floor. It is not doubled, saving material.
[0063]
When the lower staircase part 6 is attached to the foundation or floor and the central staircase support beam 53, as shown in FIG. 4, the lower staircase part 6 and the first support column 511 are viewed from the outside. The lower stair beam 54 that connects the lower end of the third support column 513 and the central portion of the third support column 513 overlaps, and only one of them can be seen, and the upper stair part 7 is connected to the central stair support beam 53 and the upper stair support beam. When viewed from the outside, the upper stair part 7 and the upper stair beam 55 that connects the center of the fourth column 514 and the upper end of the second column 512 overlap each other. Since only one side is visible, when the person who moves up and down the lower stair part 6 and the upper stair part 7 looks outside, the upper stair beam 55 and the lower stair beam 54 do not get in the way, and the design of the outdoor stair 4 can be improved. No damage.
[0064]
Also, since the four struts 51 are substantially equal to the length of the floor or floor from which the outdoor staircase 4 is attached to the upper floor, the outdoor staircase 4 can be constructed for each floor. Any number of floors can be adapted.
[0065]
The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the examples. However, the specific configuration is not limited to the examples, and there are design changes and the like without departing from the gist of the present invention. Are also included in the present invention.
For example, in this embodiment, a steel-based building assembled with a beam win was described, but other buildings may be used. For example, it may be a pillar-winning steel frame building or a wooden building. Further, it may be a building that is assembled locally, a unit building that is assembled into a building unit at a factory, and a building unit is assembled at a construction site, or a prefab building that is assembled from materials and assembled at a construction site.
[0066]
Moreover, although the landing floor support beam is provided in the center part of the 3rd support | pillar and the center part of the 4th support | pillar, you may provide this landing support support beam in the center stair support beam. In addition, a frame material is attached to the landing floor without providing a landing floor support beam, and this frame material is directly attached to any one of the central part of the third column, the central part of the fourth column, and the central staircase support beam. May be.
Moreover, although the connection beam is attached to the upper end part of the 2nd support | pillar, this connection beam may be provided in the upper end part of a 1st support | pillar, and may be provided in an upper end part staircase support beam. Further, the beam of the building main body may be provided on the side of the corridor where the staircase is attached, and the upper end portion of the first column, the upper end portion of the second column, and the upper end step support beam may be directly attached to this beam.
[0067]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the invention described in claim 1 is an outdoor staircase composed of a stair frame, a lower stair part, an upper stair part, and a landing floor, and the stair frame is erected at four rectangular corners. Four struts made up of the first strut, the second strut, the third strut, and the fourth strut, an upper end stair support beam connecting the upper end of the first strut and the upper end of the second strut, A central step support beam connecting the central portion of the three columns and the central portion of the fourth column; a lower step beam connecting the lower end of the first column and the central portion of the third column; It consists of an upper staircase beam that connects the center and the upper end of the second strut, and these four struts are approximately equal in length from the foundation or floor of the floor to which the outdoor stair is attached to the upper floor. Since it is characterized by the outdoor staircase made, the four struts are the top stair support beam, the central stair support beam, The side staircase beam and the lower side staircase beam are connected to each other and do not fall apart, and the staircase frame, the lower side staircase part, the upper side staircase part, and the landing floor are manufactured at the factory, and this outdoor staircase is constructed at the construction site When assembled as in the invention, it becomes an outdoor staircase that is self-supporting with four struts of the staircase frame.
[0068]
And the outdoor staircase constructed in this way climbs up the lower staircase parts from the ground or floor to the landing floor, rotates on this landing floor and faces in the opposite direction, and climbs the upper staircase part from the landing floor You can go to the upper floor, get off the upper staircase parts from the floor and reach the landing floor, rotate on this landing floor and turn in the opposite direction, go down the lower staircase parts from the landing floor and go to the lower floor it can.
[0069]
In addition, since the outdoor staircase has four support columns standing upright at the four corners of the rectangular shape, the outdoor staircase itself is self-supporting, and the four support columns bear the load of the stairs and the people who climb the stairs. Therefore, it is easy to design and it is easy to construct because the outdoor staircase is completed simply by assembling as described above.
Moreover, in this outdoor staircase, since there is no lower-end stair support beam at the lower end of the column, the upper-end stair support beam and the lower-end stair support beam on the lower floor are not doubled, saving material. It becomes.
[0070]
In addition, when the lower staircase parts are installed across the foundation or floor and the central staircase support beam, when viewed from the outside, this lower staircase part and the lower staircase beam overlap, and only one of them can be seen. When the upper staircase part is attached to the central staircase support beam and the upper staircase support frame, the upper staircase part and the upper staircase beam overlap each other and only one of them can be seen from the outside. The lower stair beam and the upper stair beam do not get in the way when the viewer looks outside, and the design of the staircase is not impaired.
In addition, the four struts are approximately equal to the base of the floor to which the outdoor stairs are attached or the length from the floor to the upper floor, so it is possible to build an outdoor stairs for each floor, and how many floors of the building But it can be adapted.
[0071]
The invention according to claim 2 relates to the invention according to claim 1, wherein any one of the upper end portion of the first support column, the upper end portion of the second support column, and the upper-end staircase support beam is connected to the building body. Since the connecting material is attached, when this connecting material is attached to the staircase mounting location of the building body, the staircase frame can be firmly attached to the staircase mounting location of the building body. Since it has become like this, it is easy to attach an outdoor staircase to a building main body, and to work easily.
[0072]
A third aspect of the present invention relates to the first aspect of the present invention, and in any one of the central portion of the third support column, the central portion of the fourth support column, and the central step support beam, a beam material is framed in a U-shape. The landing support beam that protrudes approximately horizontally in the opposite direction to the lower staircase beam, and the ends on both sides of the U-shape are either the third support center, the center of the fourth support, or the center stair support beam Since it is attached to the landing stage, it can be firmly attached just by placing the landing floor on this landing support beam, and the lower staircase part or the upper staircase part has been lowered. It is convenient because people can easily stand on the landing floor or turn in the opposite direction.
[0073]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, when the outdoor staircase described in any one of the first to third aspects is constructed on the first floor, a stair frame is installed on the foundation of the first floor, the upper end of the first support column, the second Connect either the top or bottom stair support beam of the support column or the connecting beam to the stair mounting part on the 2nd floor, the center of the 3rd support column, the middle recess of the 4th support column, the center stair support beam Attach the landing floor to either or the landing support beam, install the lower staircase part across the foundation and the central stair support beam, and install the upper staircase part across the center stair support beam and the top stair support beam When constructing another outdoor staircase according to any one of claims 1 to 3 on two or more floors, a staircase frame is placed on a lower staircase frame that has already been constructed, 1 strut and 1st strut is the second strut on the lower floor The second support column is placed in a state where the third support column and the third support column on the lower floor, and the fourth support column and the fourth support column on the lower floor are respectively substantially straight. Connect the upper end of the strut, the upper end of the second strut, the upper support beam, or the connecting beam to the stair mounting part on the upper floor, the center of the third strut, the center of the fourth strut, the center Attach a dance floor to one of the upper staircase support beams or the landing support beam, install the lower staircase parts across the floor and the central staircase support beam, and attach the upper staircase parts to the central staircase support beam and the upper staircase support beam Since the outdoor staircase constructed in this way is characterized by the construction method of the outdoor staircase that is installed across the floor, as described in the section of the effect of the invention according to claim 1, the lower staircase from the ground or the floor Ascend the parts to reach the landing floor, rotate on this landing floor and face in the opposite direction You can go up the upper staircase parts from the landing floor to the upper floor, get off the upper staircase parts from the floor and reach the landing floor, rotate on this landing floor and turn in the opposite direction, from the landing floor to the lower staircase You can get off the parts and go to the lower floor or the ground, it is an independent outdoor staircase, it is easy to design, and you can construct the outdoor staircase just by assembling as above, and it is easy to work.
[0074]
In addition, since there is no lower stair support beam, the upper stair support beam on the lower floor is not doubled with the lower stair support beam, which saves material and the lower stair part is the first strut The upper staircase part is attached to the upper staircase beam that connects the central portion of the fourth strut and the upper end portion of the second strut. Attached along. Therefore, when the person who moves up and down the lower stair part and the upper stair part looks outside, the upper stair beam and the lower stair beam do not get in the way, and the design of the staircase is not impaired.
[0075]
In addition, in this outdoor staircase, the four struts are made approximately equal to the length of the floor or floor from which the outdoor staircase is attached, so the outdoor staircase can be constructed for each floor. It can be adapted regardless of the number of floors in the building.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a part of a skeleton of a building body according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state in which a beam and a column are connected.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state in which an upper stair part, a lower stair part, and a landing floor are attached to a stair frame.
FIG. 4 is a side view showing a state in which an outdoor staircase is attached to the second floor of the building body.
5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
FIG. 6 is a side view showing a connected state of the first support column, the third support column, the lower step beam, and the landing beam.
FIG. 7 is a side view showing a connection state of the second support column, the fourth support column, the upper stair beam, the landing support beam, and the connection beam.
FIG. 8 is a side view showing a lower staircase part.
FIG. 9 is a side view showing the upper staircase part.
FIG. 10A is a front view showing a central step support beam (upper end step support beam), FIG. 10B is a plan view of FIG. 10A, and FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
H building
K stair mount
1 Building body
2 beams
3 pillars
4 Outdoor staircase
5 Stair frame
51 prop
511 1st support
512 2nd strut
513 3rd column
514 Fourth prop
52 Upper end staircase support beam
53 Central staircase support beam
54 Lower stairs beam
55 Upper stair beam
56 Connecting material (connecting beam)
57 Landing support beam
6 Lower stairs parts
7 Upper staircase parts
8 landing floor

Claims (4)

階段フレームと下側階段パーツと上側階段パーツと踊り場床とからなる屋外階段であって、前記階段フレームは矩形状の４隅に立設された第１支柱、第２支柱、第３支柱、第４支柱からなる４本の支柱と、第１支柱の上端部と第２支柱の上端部とを連結する上端部階段支持梁と、第３支柱の中央部と第４支柱の中央部とを連結する中央部階段支持梁と、第１支柱の下端部と第３支柱の中央部とを連結する下側階段梁と、第４支柱の中央部と第２支柱の上端部とを連結する上側階段梁とからなり、これ等の４本の支柱は、屋外階段を取り付ける階の基礎または床から上階の床までの長さに略等しくなされていることを特徴とする屋外階段。An outdoor staircase comprising a staircase frame, a lower staircase part, an upper staircase part, and a landing floor, wherein the staircase frame has first, second, third, Four struts consisting of four struts, upper end stair support beam that connects the upper end of the first strut and the upper end of the second strut, and the center of the third strut and the center of the fourth strut A central staircase support beam, a lower staircase beam connecting the lower end portion of the first column and the central portion of the third column, and an upper staircase connecting the center portion of the fourth column and the upper end portion of the second column. An outdoor staircase comprising beams, and these four struts are substantially equal in length from the foundation or floor of the floor to which the outdoor staircase is attached to the floor of the upper floor. 前記第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁のいずれかには、建物本体に連結するための連結材が取り付けられていることを特徴とする請求項１記載の屋外階段。The connection material for connecting with a building main body is attached to either the upper end part of the said 1st support | pillar, the upper end part of a 2nd support | pillar, or an upper-end part staircase support beam of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. Outdoor staircase. 前記第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれかには、梁材をコ字形に枠組した踊り場支持梁が、下側階段梁と反対方向に略水平に突出し、且つ、コ字形の両側の端部を第３支柱中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれかに連結した状態に、取り付けられていることを特徴とする請求項１記載の屋外階段。Any of the center part of the third strut, the center part of the fourth strut, and the central staircase support beam has a landing beam supporting the frame material in a U-shape and is substantially horizontal in the opposite direction to the lower staircase beam. The protruding and attached both ends of the U-shape are connected to any one of the central part of the third column, the central part of the fourth column, and the central step support beam. 1 outdoor staircase. 請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載されている屋外階段を１階に構築するときには、１階の基礎に階段フレームを据え付け、第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁のいずれか又は連結梁を２階の床にある階段取付部に連結し、第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれか又は踊り場支持梁に踊り場床を取り付け、下側階段パーツを基礎と中央部階段支持梁とに差し渡して取り付け、上側階段パーツを中央部階段支持梁と上端部階段支持梁とに差し渡して取り付け、請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載されている別の屋外階段を２階以上の階に構築するときには、既に構築されている下階の階段フレームの上に階段フレームを、下階の第１支柱と第１支柱とが、また、下階の第２支柱と第２支柱とが、また、下階の第３支柱と第３支柱とが、また、下階の第４支柱と第４支柱とがそれぞれ略一直線状になる状態に、載置し、第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁のいずれか又は連結梁を上階の床にある階段取付部に連結し、第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれか又は踊り場支持梁に踊り場床を取り付け、下側階段パーツを床、廊下、下階の上端部階段支持梁のいずれかと中央部階段支持梁とに差し渡して取り付け、上側階段パーツを中央部階段支持梁と上端部階段支持枠とに差し渡して取り付けることを特徴とする屋外階段の構築方法。When the outdoor staircase according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is constructed on the first floor, a stair frame is installed on the foundation of the first floor, and the upper end of the first column, the upper end of the second column, and the upper step Connect any of the support beams or connecting beams to the staircase mounting part on the second floor, and landing on the center of the third column, the center of the fourth column, or any of the center staircase support beams or landing A floor is attached, a lower staircase part is attached to the foundation and the central stair support beam, and an upper stair part is attached to the central stair support beam and the upper stair support beam. When another outdoor staircase described in the above is constructed on two or more floors, the stair frame is placed on the already constructed lower stair frame, and the first strut and the first strut on the lower floor are In addition, the second strut and the second strut on the lower floor Place the third support column and the third support column on the floor, and the fourth support column and the fourth support column on the lower floor, respectively, in a substantially straight line. Either the upper end, the upper end stair support beam or the connecting beam is connected to the stair mounting part on the upper floor, and the center of the third column, the center of the fourth column, or the central step support beam Alternatively, the landing floor is attached to the landing support beam, the lower staircase part is attached to either the floor, hallway, or the upper staircase support beam on the lower floor and the central stair support beam, and the upper staircase part is attached to the central staircase support beam. A method for constructing an outdoor staircase, wherein the outdoor staircase is attached to and attached to a stairs support frame at the upper end.
JP2003151203A 2003-05-28 2003-05-28 Outdoor staircase and construction method of outdoor staircase Expired - Fee Related JP4171350B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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JP2017172136A (en) * 2016-03-22 2017-09-28 大和ハウス工業株式会社 Evacuation stair tower

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JP6452520B2 (en) * 2015-03-31 2019-01-16 トヨタホーム株式会社 building
JP7058158B2 (en) * 2018-03-28 2022-04-21 旭化成ホームズ株式会社 How to install outdoor stairs structure and outdoor stairs structure
CN114856102B (en) * 2022-04-21 2022-12-23 广东省粤建装饰集团有限公司 Vertical curtain type adjustable pull rod connected glass stair structure and construction method

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2017172136A (en) * 2016-03-22 2017-09-28 大和ハウス工業株式会社 Evacuation stair tower

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