JP2004353251A - Outdoor stairs and construction method for outdoor stairs - Google Patents

Outdoor stairs and construction method for outdoor stairs Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004353251A
JP2004353251A JP2003151203A JP2003151203A JP2004353251A JP 2004353251 A JP2004353251 A JP 2004353251A JP 2003151203 A JP2003151203 A JP 2003151203A JP 2003151203 A JP2003151203 A JP 2003151203A JP 2004353251 A JP2004353251 A JP 2004353251A
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stair
support
floor
outdoor
stairs
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JP4171350B2 (en
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Yasuhiro Yoda
泰宏 余田
Katsunori Onishi
克則 大西
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Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd
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Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide outdoor stairs constructed by improving the outdoor stairs described in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. H6-212758 and capable of preventing an upper end part stair support beam and a lower end part stair support beam from becoming double and preventing a stair beam from becoming an obstacle and impairing the appearance. <P>SOLUTION: These outdoor stairs 4 are composed of a stair frame 5, a lower side stair part 6, an upper side stair part 7, and a landing floor 8. The stair frame 5 is composed of four support columns 51, the upper end part stair support beam 52, a central part stair support beam 53, a lower side stair beam 54, and an upper side stair support beam 55. Four support columns 51 are substantially equal to length from a foundation or a floor at a story where the outdoor stairs are attached to a floor at an upper story. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明はユニット式の屋外階段及び屋外階段の構築方法に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
ユニット式の屋外階段は、階段をいくつかのパーツに分解し、このパーツを工場等で製造し、このパーツを組み立てて階段となすもので、現場施工期間が短く、且つ、寸法精度のよい標準化された屋外階段となる特徴があるので、多く採用されている。
このユニット式の屋外階段としては、従来、種々なものが知られている。
【０００３】
一般的なユニット式の屋外階段としては、特許文献１に記載されている階段と略同じ形式の階段が多い。
このユニット式の屋外階段は、ささら桁、踏板、蹴込板等を組み立てた略一直線状の階段パーツと、水平規制片と垂直規制片とからなるＬ字形の第１受け材と、平坦でボルト挿通用の長孔を設けた第２受け部材とからなり、施工現場では、予め、建物本体の廊下等の階段取付部に階段受け桁を設け、更に、この階段受け桁の両側にそれぞれ支柱と短支柱を設けていて、支柱に第１受け材を取り付け、短支柱に第２受け部材を取り付け、この第１受け材と第２受け材に階段パネルのささら桁の上端部を取り付けるものである。
【０００４】
また、特許文献２に記載されている屋外階段も知られている。
この特許文献２に記載されている屋外階段は、矩形状の４隅に立設された第１支柱、第２支柱、第３支柱、第４支柱からなる４本の支柱と、第１支柱の下端部と第２支柱の下端部とを連結する下端部階段支持梁と、第１支柱の上端部と第２支柱の上端部とを連結する上端部階段支持梁と、第３支柱の中央部と第４支柱の中央部とを連結する中央部階段支持梁と、第１支柱の中央部と第３支柱の中央部とを連結する第１階段梁と、第２支柱の中央部と第４支柱の中央部とを連結する第２階段梁と、この第１階段梁と第２階段梁が延長され、この延長された梁の先端を連結して構成されたコ字形の踊り場支持梁とからなる階段フレームを有し、この階段フレームの下端部階段支持梁と中央部階段支持梁に下側階段パーツを取り付け、中央部階段支持梁と上端部階段支持梁に上側階段パーツを取り付け、踊り場支持梁に踊り場床を取り付けるものである。
【０００５】
【特許文献１】
実開平５−８３１４４号公報
【特許文献２】
特開平６−２１２７５８号公報
【０００６】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、特許文献１に記載されている屋外階段では、階段パーツのささら桁を第１受け材と第２受け材に取り付けると、階段パーツと、この階段を昇降する人の荷重が、ささら桁と第１受け材との連結部、及び、ささら桁と第２受け材との連結部にかかるので、この荷重に耐えるように、この両方の連結部の連結構造を強固に連結できる構造にする必要があり、そのために、複雑な構造になり作業し難い。
【０００７】
また、重い階段パーツを支えながら取り付ける作業が困難で、そのため、現場施工工数が多くなり、高価になる。又、高所での作業が多く、危険であるという問題がある。
また、この屋外階段は、一方を建物本体に連結した短支柱に取り付け、他方を建物本体の支柱に取り付けているので、垂直方向の荷重は支柱と短支柱で負担し、地震や風圧力等の水平方向の荷重は建物本体に負担するよにうなっているが、この荷重の伝達形式が不明確であるものが多く設計し難い。
【０００８】
そこで、工場で独立可能に組み立てることができるように設計した部品を製造し、施工現場では、これを単に据え付けるだけで完成する自立した屋外階段が望まれている。
【０００９】
一方、特許文献２に記載されている屋外階段は、階段フレームの４本の支柱によって自立することができ、水平方向の荷重や垂直方向の荷重の伝達が容易に判るので設計し易い。
また、階段パーツとこの階段パーツの上を昇降する人の荷重は支柱にかかり、建物本体に接続する接続部には殆どかからない。従って、重い階段パーツを支えながら取り付ける必要がないし、この階段フレームと建物本体との接続構造も簡単で構造でよく屋外階段を構築し易い。
【００１０】
しかも、階段フレームは簡単な構造で製造し易いし、この階段フレームや下側階段パーツと上側階段パーツと踊り場床等を工場で製造し、これを施工現場で単に組み立てるだけで屋外階段とすることができ、極めて便利なものである。
また、この屋外階段を３階以上の建物では、この３階以上の階に昇るために２階以上の階に屋外階段を設ける。この際には、下階の屋外階段の上に屋外階段を、下階の第１支柱と第１支柱とが、また、下階の第２支柱と第２支柱とが、また、下階の第３支柱と第３支柱とが、また、下階の第４支柱第４支柱とがそれぞれ略一直線状になる状態に、載置するというように積み重ねればよく、極めて施工し易い。
【００１１】
しかし、この屋外階段では、積み重ねたときに下階の上端部階段支持梁と、取り付ける階の下端部階段支持梁とが重なるので、この部分が２重になり不経済である。
また、第１支柱と第３支柱とを連結する第１階段梁と、第２支柱と第４支柱とを第２階段梁とが階段の略中央を横切っていて、この第１階段梁や第２階段梁を昇降する人の目に入るので、昇降する人が外側を見るときの邪魔になるし、外側から見ても、この第１階段梁と第２階段梁が階段の外観を壊して美麗でないという問題がある。
【００１２】
そこで、この発明の目的は、階段フレーム等を工場で製造し、これを施工現場で組み立てるだけで自立した階段となすことのできる極めて便利な上記特許文献２に記載されている屋外階段を更に改良し、上端部階段支持梁と下端部階段支持梁が２重にならず、しかも、階段梁が邪魔になったり外観を壊すことのない屋外階段と、この屋外階段の構築方法を提供することである。
【００１３】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、上記課題を解決するためになされたものであって、請求項１に記載の発明は、階段フレームと下側階段パーツと上側階段パーツと踊り場床とからなる屋外階段であって、前記階段フレームは矩形状の４隅に立設された第１支柱、第２支柱、第３支柱、第４支柱からなる４本の支柱と、第１支柱の上端部と第２支柱の上端部とを連結する上端部階段支持梁と、第３支柱の中央部と第４支柱の中央部とを連結する中央部階段支持梁と、第１支柱の下端部と第３支柱の中央部とを連結する下側階段梁と、第４支柱の中央部と第２支柱の上端部とを連結する上側階段梁とからなり、これ等の４本の支柱は、屋外階段を取り付ける階の基礎または床から上階の床までの長さに略等しくなされている屋外階段を特徴とするものである。
【００１４】
この請求項１記載の発明に使用する第１支柱、第２支柱、第３支柱、第４支柱等の支柱や、上端部階段支持梁や中央部階段支持梁等の階段支持梁や上側階段梁や下側階段梁等の階段梁等の梁は、長尺体であればよく、材料、形状は適宜でよい。例えば、鉄骨等の金属製であってもよいし、木材等の木製でもよい。又、金属製の場合には、丸棒、角棒等の棒状体や、丸筒や角筒等の筒状であってもよいし、断面Ｃ字形長尺体のＣ形鋼や断面Ｈ字形長尺体のＨ形鋼等の異形材であってもよい。特に、Ｈ形鋼が単位体積当たりの機械的強度が大きく好適である。
【００１５】
また、踊り場床は板状体であればよいが、屋外階段であるので、耐水性や耐候性に優れた板状体が好ましい。しかも、この上に人が載るので、機械的強度の大きな板状体が好ましい。かかる踊り場床としては、ＡＬＣ板、鉄線入りセメント押し出し成形板等が好ましい。又、この板状体の下側や側縁部等に鉄板や枠組等を取り付けて補強してもよい。
【００１６】
また、この請求項１記載の発明の屋外階段では、上側階段パーツから上階に昇ったり、上階から上側階段パーツに降りる。従って、屋外階段の上端に位置する第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁のいずれかを建物本体の階段取付場所に取り付ける必要がある。この階段取付場所とは、建物本体の上階の床にある階段を取り付けることのできる梁等をいう。通常、階段を昇降する人が階段の前に立つ必要があるので、この階段の前にある人が立つことのできる広場（例えば廊下等）の床に設けられている梁等が好ましい。
【００１７】
そして、この階段取付場所に取り付け易くするために、請求項２記載のように、第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁のいずれかに連結梁を取り付けていると、この連結梁を建物本体の階段取付場所に取り付けるだけで階段フレームを強固に、しかも、容易に取り付けることができるので好ましい。
【００１８】
また、この請求項１記載の発明の屋外階段では、下側階段パーツから上側階段パーツに昇ったり上側階段パーツから下側パーツに降りるときには、この下側階段パーツと上側階段パーツの間で回転して反対方向に向く必要がある。即ち、この反対方向に向くための踊り場床をこの上側階段パーツと下側階段パーツの間に設ける必要がある。即ち、第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれかに踊り場床を取り付ける必要がある、この踊り場床を第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁等に直接取り付けてもよいが、第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれかに踊り場支持梁を取り付けていると、踊り場床を取り付け易くなるので好ましい。
【００１９】
この踊り場支持梁は適宜形状でよいが、踊り場床は通常矩形状をしているので、請求項３記載のように、梁材を踊り場床の外側縁の形状と略等しいコ字形に枠組した踊り場支持梁を第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれかに取り付けると、この踊り場支持梁の上に踊り場床を載置するだけで踊り場床を容易に、しかも、強固に取り付けることができ、好ましい。
【００２０】
即ち、請求項２記載の発明は、請求項１記載の発明に係り、前記第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁のいずれかには、建物本体に連結するための連結材が取り付けられているものである。
【００２１】
この請求項２記載の発明における連結材とは、階段フレームの上端部にある第１支柱の上端部や第２支柱の上端部や上端部階段支持梁を階段取付場所に取り付けることのできる部材をいう。
従って、階段取付場所、例えば、廊下の梁等が第１支柱の上端部や第２支柱の上端部や上端部階段支持梁の近くにある場合には、両者間の隙間に差し渡すことのできる長さのコ字形の金具やＬ字形の金具が好ましい。又、階段取付場所、例えば、廊下の梁等が第１支柱の上端部や第２支柱の上端部や上端部階段支持梁から離れた位置にある場合には、両者間を連結するすることのできる連結梁が好ましい。
【００２２】
また、一般に、屋外階段を建物本体に取り付ける際には、１箇所を連結して取り付けてもよいが、２箇所以上を連結すると強固に取り付けることができるので好ましい。
２箇所以上で連結する方法としては、２個以上の連結材を設けてこの連結材だけで連結するようにしてもよいし、１箇所以上の連結材と１箇所以上の第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁と直接連結するというように、連結材で連結する連結方式と直接連結する連結方式とを併用してもよい。
【００２３】
また、請求項３記載の発明は、請求項１記載の発明に係り、前記第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれかには、梁材をコ字形に枠組した踊り場支持梁が、下側階段梁と反対方向に略水平に突出し、且つ、コ字形の両側の端部を第３支柱中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれかに連結した状態に、取り付けられているものである。
【００２４】
請求項４記載の発明は、請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載されている屋外階段を１階に構築するときには、１階の基礎に階段フレームを据え付け、第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁のいずれか又は連結梁を２階の床にある階段取付部に連結し、第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれか又は踊り場支持梁に踊り場床を取り付け、下側階段パーツを基礎と中央部階段支持梁とに差し渡して取り付け、上側階段パーツを中央部階段支持梁と上端部階段支持梁とに差し渡して取り付け、請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載されている別の屋外階段を２階以上の階に構築するときには、既に構築されている下階の階段フレームの上に階段フレームを、下階の第１支柱と第１支柱とが、また、下階の第２支柱と第２支柱とが、また、下階の第３支柱と第３支柱とが、また、下階の第４支柱と第４支柱とがそれぞれ略一直線状になる状態に、載置し、第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁のいずれか又は連結梁を上階の床にある階段取付部に連結し、第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれか又は踊り場支持梁に踊り場床を取り付け、下側階段パーツを床、廊下、下階の上端部階段支持梁のいずれかと中央部階段支持梁とに差し渡して取り付け、上側階段パーツを中央部階段支持梁と上端部階段支持枠とに差し渡して取り付ける屋外階段の構築方法を特徴とするものである。
【００２５】
この請求項２記載の発明及び請求項４記載の発明における第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁のいずれかとは、第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁のいずれか１箇所又は複数箇所をいう。即ち、第１支柱の上端部だけでもよいし、第２支柱の上端部だけでもよいし、上端部階段支持梁だけてもよいし、第１支柱上端部と第２支柱の上端部というように２箇所であってもよいし、第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁というように３ヵ所であってもよい。
【００２６】
また、請求項３記載の発明および請求項４記載の発明における第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれかとは、第２支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれか１箇所又は複数箇所をいう。即ち、第３支柱の中央部だけでもよいし、第４支柱の中央部だけでもよいし、中央部階段支持梁だけてもよいし、第３支柱の中央部と第４支柱の中央部というように２箇所であってもよいし、第３支柱の中央、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁というように３ヵ所であってもよい。
【００２７】
（作用）
請求項１記載の発明では、階段フレームと下側階段パーツと上側階段パーツと踊り場床とからなる屋外階段であって、前記階段フレームは矩形状の４隅に立設された第１支柱、第２支柱、第３支柱、第４支柱からなる４本の支柱と、第１支柱の上端部と第２支柱の上端部とを連結する上端部階段支持梁と、第３支柱の中央部と第４支柱の中央部とを連結する中央部階段支持梁と、第１支柱の下端部と第３支柱の中央部とを連結する下側階段梁と、第４支柱の中央部と第２支柱の上端部とを連結する上側階段梁とからなるので、４隅に立設された第１支柱、第２支柱、第３支柱、第４支柱が上端部階段支持梁、中央部階段支持梁、下側階段梁、上側階段梁によって連結されて、４本の支柱がばらばらにならないし、階段フレームと下側階段パーツと上側階段パーツと踊り場床を工場で製造し、施工現場でこれ等を請求項４記載の発明のように組み立てると、階段フレームの４本の支柱で自立する屋外階段となる。
【００２８】
即ち、１階に屋外階段を構築するときには、１階の基礎に階段フレームを据え付け、この階段フレームの第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁のいずれかを建物本体の２階の廊下等の床にある階段取付場所に連結し、第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれかに踊り場床を取り付け、下側階段パーツを基礎と中央部階段支持梁とに差し渡して取り付け、上側階段パーツを中央部階段支持梁と上端部階段支持梁とに差し渡して取り付けると、屋外階段が構築される。
【００２９】
又、請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載されている別の屋外階段を２階以上の階に構築するときには、既に構築されている下階の階段フレームの上に階段フレームを、下階の第１支柱と第１支柱とが、また、下階の第２支柱と第２支柱とが、また、下階の第３支柱と第３支柱とが、また、下階の第４支柱と第４支柱とがそれぞれ略一直線状になる状態に、載置し、第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁のいずれかを建物本体の上階の廊下等床にある階段取付部に連結し、第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれかに踊り場床を取り付け、下側階段パーツを床、廊下、下階の上端部階段支持梁のいずれかと中央部階段支持梁とに差し渡して取り付け、上側階段パーツを中央部階段支持梁と上端部階段支持枠とに差し渡して取り付けると、屋外階段が構築される。
【００３０】
このようにして構築された屋外階段は、地上または床や廊下から下側階段パーツを昇って踊り場床に達し、この踊り場床の上で回転して反対方向に向き、踊り場床から上側階段パーツを昇って上階に行くことができるし、床や廊下から上側階段パーツを降りて踊り場床に達し、この踊り場床で回転して反対方向に向き、踊り場床から下側階段パーツを降りて下階や地上に行くことができる。
【００３１】
また、屋外階段では、矩形状の四隅に立設された４本の支柱があるので、屋外階段自体が自立していて、階段及び階段を昇の人の荷重をこの４本の支柱が負担する。従って、設計し易いし、上記のように組み立てるだけで屋外階段を構築することができるので作業し易い。
また、この屋外階段では、支柱の下端部には、下端部階段支持梁がないので、屋外階段を積み重ねたときに、下階の上端部階段支持梁が下端部階段支持梁と２重にならず、材料の節約となる。
【００３２】
また、下側階段パーツを基礎または床面と、中央部階段支持梁とに差し渡して取り付けると、この下側階段パーツは、第１支柱の下端部と第３支柱の中央部とを連結する下側階段梁に沿って取り付けられる。
従って、外側から見ると、この下側階段パーツと下側階段梁とが重なっていてどちらか一方のみが見える。
【００３３】
又、上側階段パーツを中央部階段支持梁と上端部階段支持梁とに差し渡して取付けると、この上側階段パーツは、第４支柱の中央部と第２支柱の上端部とを連結する上側階段梁に沿って取り付けられる。
従って、外側から見ると、この上側階段パーツと上側階段梁とが重なっていてどちらか一方のみが見える。
このようになっているので、屋外階段を昇降する人が外側を見るときに下側階梁と上側階段梁が邪魔にならないし、階段の意匠性を損なわない。
【００３４】
更に、この請求項１記載の発明の屋外階段では、４本の支柱が屋外階段を取り付ける階の基礎または床面から上階の床面までの長さに略等しくなされているので、この屋外階段の１個を据え付けると、その階に屋外階段を構築することができるし、この上に別の屋外階段を据え付けると、この上の階に屋外階段を構築することができる。
このように、各階ごとに屋外階段を構築することができるので、建物の階数がいくらであっても適応できる。
【００３５】
請求項２記載の発明では、請求項１記載の発明に係り、前記第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁のいずれかには、建物本体に連結するための連結材が取り付けられているので、この連結材を建物本体の階段取付場所に取り付けると、階段フレームが建物本体の階段取付場所に強固に取り付けられる。このように、請求項２記載の発明の屋外階段は、建物本体に取り付けることが容易な屋外階段である。
【００３６】
請求項３記載の発明では、請求項１記載の発明に係り、前記第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれかには、梁材をコ字形に枠組した踊り場支持梁が、下側階段梁と反対方向に略水平に突出し、且つ、コ字形の両側の端部を第３支柱中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれかに連結した状態に、取り付けられているので、この踊り場支持梁の上に踊り場床を載置するだけで強固に取り付けることができ、便利である。又、この踊り場床は下側階段梁と反対方向に突出した踊り場支持梁に取り付けられているので、下側階段パーツを昇った人が、その進行方向にある踊り場床の上に立ち易いし、上側階段パーツを降りた人が、その進行方向にある踊り場床の上に立ち易い。
【００３７】
請求項４記載の発明では、請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載されている屋外階段を１階に構築するときには、１階の基礎に階段フレームを据え付け、第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁のいずれか又は連結梁を２階の床にある階段取付部に連結し、第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれか又は踊り場支持梁に踊り場床を取り付け、下側階段パーツを基礎と中央部階段支持梁とに差し渡して取り付け、上側階段パーツを中央部階段支持梁と上端部階段支持梁とに差し渡して取り付け、請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載されている別の屋外階段を２階以上の階に構築するときには、既に構築されている下階の階段フレームの上に階段フレームを、下階の第１支柱と第１支柱とが、また、下階の第２支柱と第２支柱とが、また、下階の第３支柱と第３支柱とが、また、下階の第４支柱と第４支柱とがそれぞれ略一直線状になる状態に、載置し、第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁のいずれか又は連結梁を上階の床にある階段取付部に連結し、第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれか又は踊り場支持梁に踊り場床を取り付け、下側階段パーツを床、廊下、下階の上端部階段支持梁のいずれかと中央部階段支持梁とに差し渡して取り付け、上側階段パーツを中央部階段支持梁と上端部階段支持枠とに差し渡して取り付ける屋外階段の構築方法を特徴とするので、この構築方法で構築された屋外階段は、地上または床や廊下から下側階段パーツを昇って踊り場床に達し、この踊り場床で回転して反対方向に向き、踊り場床から上側階段パーツを昇って上階に行くことができるし、床から上側階段パーツを降りて踊り場床に達し、この踊り場床で回転して反対方向に向き、踊り場床から下側階段パーツを降りて下階または地上に行くことができる。
【００３８】
そして、このように構築した屋外階段では、請求項１記載の発明の作用の項で説明したように、自立した屋外階段であり、設計し易いし、上記のように組み立てるだけで屋外階段を構築することができるので、作業し易い。
【００３９】
又、下端部階段支持梁がないので、下階の上端部階段支持梁が下端部階段支持梁と２重になることがなく、材料の節約となるし、下側階段パーツは、第１支柱の下端部と第３支柱の中央部とを連結する下側階段梁に沿って取り付けられ、上側階段パーツは、第４支柱の中央部と第２支柱の上端部とを連結する上側階段梁に沿って取り付けられ、下側階段パーツと上側階段パーツを昇降する人が外側を見るときに、この上側階段梁や下側階段梁が邪魔にならないし、階段の意匠性を損なわない。
【００４０】
また、この屋外階段では、支柱が屋外階段を取り付ける階の基礎または床面から上階の床面までの長さに略等しくなされているので、各階ごとに屋外階段を構築することができ、建物の階数がいくらであっても適応できる。
【００４１】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を実施例で説明する。
図１〜図１０は本発明の一実施例を示すもので、図１は建物本体の骨格の一部を示す斜視図、図２は梁と柱とを接続している状態を示す斜視図、図３は階段フレームに上側階段パーツ、下側階段パーツ、踊り場床を取り付けている状態を示す斜視図、図４は建物本体の２階に屋外階段を取り付けた状態を示す側面図、図５は図４のＡ−Ａ線における断面図、図６は第１支柱、第３支柱、下側階段梁、踊り場支持梁の連結状態を示す側面図、図７は第２支柱、第４支柱、上側階段梁、踊り場支持梁、連結梁の連結状態を示す側面図、図８は下側階段パーツを示す側面図、図９は上側階段パーツを示す側面図、図１０（イ）は中央部階段支持梁（上端部階段支持梁）を示す正面図、（ロ）は（イ）の平面図、（ハ）は（イ）の側面図である。
【００４２】
図１〜図１０において、Ｈは３階建ての建物であり、この建物Ｈは、建物本体１に屋外階段４が取り付けられたものである。
建物本体１の骨格は、図１に示すように、基礎９の上に設けられた１階の鋼製の断面Ｈ形長尺体の梁２と、この梁２の所々に立設された１階の鋼製の柱３と、この柱３の上端面に架け渡された２階の鋼製の断面Ｈ形長尺体の梁２と、この梁２の所々に立設された２階の鋼製の柱３と、この柱３の上に架け渡された３階の鋼製の断面Ｈ形長尺体の梁２と、この梁２の所々に立設された３階の鋼製の柱３と、この柱３の上に架け渡された屋根を構成する鋼製の断面Ｈ形長尺体の梁２とからなる。
【００４３】
尚、柱３には、鋼製の断面Ｈ形長尺体の柱３−１と鋼製の４角筒体の柱３−２の２種類ある。
この梁２と柱３−１の接続構造を図２を参照しながら説明する。
梁２の上側フランジ２１や下側フランジ２１にはそれぞれ、柱３−１を取り付ける位置に、中央のウエッブ２２を挟んで２個ずつ合計４個の通孔２３が設けられている。
【００４４】
また、柱３−１の上端部および下端部のウエッブ３２には、鋼製のＬ字形短尺の補強片３５の一方の片３５１が、他方の片３５２を向かい合わせるようにして、設けられ、柱３−１のフランジ３１とウエッブ３２と一方の片３５１とで囲まれている空間の端部には、連結板３６が取り付けられている。
このようにして、柱３−１の上端部及び下端部には、ウエッブ３２の両側に２個ずつ、合計４個の補強板３５と連結板３６が設けられている。尚、この連結板３６には通孔３６１が設けられている。
【００４５】
そして、図２に示すように、梁２の上に柱３−１が立設され、梁２の通孔２３と連結板３６の通孔３６１とに通されたボルトとナットとで柱３−１の下端部が連結され、この柱３−１の上に梁２が載置し、梁２の通孔２３と連結板３６の通孔３６１とに通されたボルトとナットとで柱３−１の上端部が連結されている。建物本体１は、上記骨格に外壁面材や内壁面材や天井面材や間仕切り壁や屋根が等が取り付けられたものである。
【００４６】
４は屋外階段であり、この屋外階段４は、図３に示すように、階段フレーム５と下側階段パーツ６と上側階段パーツ７と踊り場床８とからなる。
階段フレーム５は、図３に示すように、支柱５１と上端部階段支持梁５２と中央部階段支持梁５３と下側階段梁５４と上側階段梁５５と、連結材である連結梁５６と踊り場支持梁５７とからなる。
【００４７】
支柱５１は、鋼製の断面Ｈ形長尺体であって、矩形状の４隅に立設された第１支柱５１１、第２支柱５１２、第３支柱５１３、第４支柱５１４からなる。
なお、これ等の４本の支柱５１は、屋外階段４を取り付ける階の基礎または床から上階の床までの長さに略等しくなされていて、上端と下端には板体５１８が取り付けられ、この板体５１８には通孔５１９が設けられている。
【００４８】
そして、この支柱５１と上端の板体５１８に別の支柱５１の下端の板体５１８を当接させ、両方の板体５１８に設けられている通孔５１９に通されたボルトとナットで連結すると、支柱５１と別の支柱５１とを略一直線状に連結することができるようになっている。
また、中央部階段支持梁５３は、図１０に示すように、下側階段パーツ６の幅と上側階段パーツ７の幅の合計と略等しい長さの鋼製の断面コ字形長尺体の本体５３１と、この本体５３１の両側に設けられた取付金具５３２とからなり、第３支柱５１３の中央部と第４支柱５１４の中央部とを連結するものである。
【００４９】
また、上端部階段支持梁５２は、下側階段パーツ６の幅と上側階段パーツ７の幅の合計と略等しい長さの鋼製の断面コ字形長尺体５２１と取付金具５２２とからなり、第１支柱５１１の上端部と第２支柱５１２の上端部とを連結するものである。そして、この上端部階段支持梁５２の構造は中央部階段支持梁５３と略同じであるので、図１０に中央部階段支持梁５３と合わせて記載する。
【００５０】
また、下側階段梁５４は、鋼製の断面Ｈ形長尺体であり、図６に示すように、第１支柱５１１の下端部と第３支柱５１３の中央部とを連結するものである。
また、上側階段梁５５は、鋼製の断面Ｈ形長尺体であり、図７に示すように、第４支柱５１４の中央部と第２支柱５１２の上端部とを連結するものである。
このように、４本の支柱５１に上端部階段支持梁５２、中央部階段支持梁５３、下側階段梁５４、上側階段梁５５を取り付けると、４本の支柱は、ばらばらにならず自立することのできる階段フレーム５となる。
【００５１】
連結梁５６は、鋼製の断面Ｈ形長尺体であり、第２支柱５１２の上端部に、上側階段梁５５と反対方向に略水平に突出した状態に取り付けられていて、建物本体１の梁２にある階段取付部Ｋと第２支柱５１２とを連結するものである。
【００５２】
踊り場支持梁５７は、鋼製の断面Ｈ形長尺体の梁材を、後述の踊り場床８の外周と略同じ形状のコ字形に枠組したものであって、第３支柱５１３の中央部と第４支柱４１４の中央部に取り付けられている。
この踊り場支持梁５７の取付構造は、踊り場支持梁５４を下側階段梁５４と反対方向に略水平に突出させた状態にして、コ字形の両側の端部４７１、４７２を、それぞれ第３支柱５１３と第４支柱５１４に接続している。
【００５３】
下側階段パーツ６は、図８に示すように、両側の略平行なささら桁６１と、この両側のささら桁６１に差し渡された踏板６２と蹴込板６３とからなる。
上側階段パーツ７は、図９に示すように、下側階段パーツ６と同様に、両側の略平行なささら桁７１と、この両側のささら桁７１に差し渡された踏板７２と蹴込板７３とからなる。
この上側階段パーツ７と下側階段パーツ６とを比較すると略同じ構造であるが、向きが異なることと、取り付ける場所が異なるために、ささら桁６１、７１の上下部分の構造が若干異なるだけである。
踊り場床８は厚みが略５０ｍｍの鉄線入りセメント押し出し成形板を４枚連結したものである。
【００５４】
次に、この屋外階段の構築方法及び作用について説明する。
工場で、梁２、柱３、階段フレーム５、下側階段パーツ６、上側階段パーツ７、踊り場床８等を製造する。
この梁２、柱３、階段フレーム５、下側階段パーツ６、上側階段パーツ７、踊り場床８等を施工現場に運搬する。
【００５５】
施工現場では、既に、設けられている基礎９の上に梁２を設け、この梁２の所々に柱３を立設し、この柱３の上端面に梁２を架け渡し、この梁２の所々に柱３を立設し、この柱３の上に梁２を架け渡し、この梁２の所々に柱３を立設し、この柱３の上に梁２と架け渡して３階建ての建物の骨格を組み立てる。
また、階段を取り付ける２階と３階の位置には、廊下を構成する梁２を延長させて階段取付部Ｋを設ける。
【００５６】
次に、この階段取付部Ｋに屋外階段を構築する方法について説明する。
屋外階段４を１階に構築するときには、１階の基礎に階段フレーム５を据え付け、連結梁５６を２階の建物本体１の階段取付部Ｋに連結する。又、上端部階段支持梁５２の第１支柱５１１側の先端を別の梁２に連結する。
すると、階段フレーム５が自立しているので、階段フレームを吊って作業する必要がなく、又、この連結梁５６が設けられているので、階段フレーム５を階段取付部Ｋと梁２に容易に、且つ、強固に取り付けることできる。このように、階段フレーム５を建物本体に取り付ける作業が容易である。
【００５７】
次に、踊り場支持梁４７に踊り場床８を取り付ける。
すると、踊り場支持梁４７は、梁材を踊り場床８の外周と略同じ形状のコ字形に枠組したものであるので、この踊り場支持梁４７の上に踊り場を載置するだけで強固に取り付けることができる。
また、下側階段パーツ６を基礎９、廊下、床のいずれかと中央部階段支持梁５３とに差し渡し、一方に寄せて取り付け、上側階段パーツ７を中央部階段支持梁５３と上端部階段支持梁５２とに差し渡し、下側階段パーツ６の隣に取り付けると１階の屋外階段４が構築される。
【００５８】
そして、階段取付部Ｋと梁２と上側階段支持梁５２とで囲まれた空間に、厚み１００ｍｍのＡＬＣ板の屋外廊下板５９を取り付けて、屋外階段を昇降する人の立つことのできる廊下の一部とする。
また、別の屋外階段５を２階に構築するときには、既に設けられている１階の階段フレーム５の上に階段フレーム５を、１階の第１支柱５１１と第１支柱５１１とが、また、１階の第２支柱５１２と第２支柱５１２とが、また、１階の第３支柱５１３と第３支柱５１３とが、また、１階の第４支柱５１４と第４支柱５１４とがそれぞれ略一直線状になる状態にして、載置し、連結梁５６を３階の建物本体１の階段取付部Ｋに連結したり、上端部階段支持梁５２を別の梁２に連結する。
【００５９】
すると、１階のときと同様に、階段フレーム５が自立しているし、この連結梁５６が設けられているので、階段フレーム５を階段取付部Ｋや梁２に強固に取り付けることでき、階段フレーム５を建物本体に取り付ける作業は容易である。
次に、踊り場支持梁４７に踊り場床８を取り付ける。
すると、１階のときと同様に、踊り場支持梁４７は、梁材を踊り場床８の外周と略同じ形状のコ字形に枠組したものであるので、この踊り場支持梁４７の上に踊り場を載置するだけで強固に取り付けることができる。
【００６０】
また、１階のときと同様に、下側階段パーツ６を廊下、床、下階の上端部階段支持梁５１のいずれかと中央部階段支持梁５３とに差し渡して取り付け、上側階段パーツ７を中央部階段支持梁５３と上端部階段支持梁５２とに差し渡して取り付けると屋外階段４が構築される。
そして、階段取付部Ｋと梁２と上端部階段支持梁５２とで囲まれた空間に、厚み１００ｍｍのＡＬＣ板の屋外廊下板５９を取り付けて、３階の廊下の一部とする。
次に、建物本体１の骨格に外壁パネル、内壁パネル、天井パネル、屋根パネル等を取り付けたり、その他の仕上げを行うと建物が完成する。
【００６１】
このようにして構築した屋外階段では、階段フレーム５と下側階段パーツ６と上側階段パーツ７と踊り場床８を工場で製造し、施工現場でこれ等を組み立てるだけで、自立した屋外階段４となる。
そして、このようにして構築された屋外階段４は、地上や床から下側階段パーツ６を昇って踊り場床８に達し、この踊り場床８で回転して反対方向に向き、踊り場床８から上側階段パーツ７を昇って上階に行くことができるし、床から上側階段パーツ７を降りて踊り場床８に達し、この踊り場床８で回転して反対方向に向き、踊り場床８から下側階段パーツ６を降りて下階や地上に行くことができる。
【００６２】
また、屋外階段４では、矩形状の四隅に立設された４本の支柱５１があるので自立していて、階段４及び階段を昇る人の荷重をこの４本の支柱５１が負担する。従って、設計し易いし、上記のように組み立てるだけで屋外階段が完成するので施工し易い。
また、この屋外階段４では、支柱５１の下端部には、下端部階段支持梁がないので、支柱５１の上端部に取り付けられた上端部階段支持梁５２が上階の下側階段支持梁と２重になることがなく、材料の節約となる。
【００６３】
また、下側階段パーツ６を基礎または床と、中央部階段支持梁５３とに差し渡して取り付けると、図４に示すように、外側から見ると、この下側階段パーツ６と、第１支柱５１１の下端部と第３支柱５１３の中央部とを連結する下側階段梁５４とが重なっていてどちらか一方のみが見えるし、上側階段パーツ７を中央部階段支持梁５３と上端部階段支持梁５２とに差し渡して取り付けると、外側から見ると、この上側階段パーツ７と、第４支柱５１４の中央部と第２支柱５１２の上端部とを連結する上側階段梁５５とが重なっていてどちらか一方のみが見えるので、下側階段パーツ６と上側階段パーツ７を昇降する人が外側を見るときに、上側階段梁５５や下側階段梁５４が邪魔にならないし、屋外階段４の意匠性を損なわない。
【００６４】
また、４本の支柱５１が屋外階段４を取り付ける階の基礎または床から上階の床までの長さに略等しくなされているので、各階ごとに屋外階段４を構築することができ、建物の階数がいくらであっても適応させることができる。
【００６５】
以上、この発明の実施の形態を実施例で詳細に説明したが、具体的な構成は、この実施例に限られるものではなく、この発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲の設計の変更等があっても、この発明に含まれる。
例えば、この実施例では、梁勝ちに組み立てられた鉄骨系の建物について説明したが、その他の建物でもよい。例えば、柱勝ちの鉄骨系の建物でもよいし、木造建物でもよい。また、現地で組み立てる建物でもよいし、工場で建物ユニットに組み立てて、施工現場で建物ユニットを組み立てるユニット建物でもよいし、材料を組み立てて、施工現場で組み立てるプレハブ建物でもよい。
【００６６】
また、第３支柱の中央部と第４支柱の中央部に踊り場床支持梁を設けているが、この踊り場支持梁を中央階段支持梁に設けてもよい。又、踊り場床支持梁を設けずに、踊り場床に枠材を取り付けていて、この枠材を第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれかに直接取り付けてもよい。
また、連結梁を第２支柱の上端部に取り付けているが、この連結梁を第１支柱の上端部に設けてもよいし、上端部階段支持梁に設けてもよい。また、建物本体の梁を廊下の階段を取り付ける側に設けていて、第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁をこの梁に直接取り付けるようにしてもよい。
【００６７】
【発明の効果】
以上説明してきたように、請求項１記載の発明は、階段フレームと下側階段パーツと上側階段パーツと踊り場床とからなる屋外階段であって、前記階段フレームは矩形状の４隅に立設された第１支柱、第２支柱、第３支柱、第４支柱からなる４本の支柱と、第１支柱の上端部と第２支柱の上端部とを連結する上端部階段支持梁と、第３支柱の中央部と第４支柱の中央部とを連結する中央部階段支持梁と、第１支柱の下端部と第３支柱の中央部とを連結する下側階段梁と、第４支柱の中央部と第２支柱の上端部とを連結する上側階段梁とからなり、これ等の４本の支柱は、屋外階段を取り付ける階の基礎または床から上階の床までの長さに略等しくなされている屋外階段を特徴とするから、４本の支柱が上端部階段支持梁、中央部階段支持梁、上側階段梁、下側階段梁で連結されていてばらばらにならないし、階段フレームと下側階段パーツと上側階段パーツと踊り場床を工場で製造し、施工現場でこの屋外階段を請求項４記載の発明のように組み立てると、階段フレームの４本の支柱で自立する屋外階段となる。
【００６８】
そして、このようにして構築された屋外階段は、地上または床から下側階段パーツを昇って踊り場床に達し、この踊り場床で回転して反対方向に向き、踊り場床から上側階段パーツを昇って上階に行くことができるし、床から上側階段パーツを降りて踊り場床に達し、この踊り場床で回転して反対方向に向き、踊り場床から下側階段パーツを降りて下階に行くことができる。
【００６９】
また、屋外階段では、矩形状の四隅に立設された４本の支柱があるので、屋外階段自体が自立していて、階段及び階段を昇る人の荷重をこの４本の支柱が負担する。従って、設計し易いし、上記のように組み立てるだけで屋外階段が完成するので施工し易い。
また、この屋外階段では、支柱の下端部には、下端部階段支持梁がないので、下階の上端部階段支持梁と下端部階段支持梁とが２重になることがなく、材料の節約となる。
【００７０】
また、下側階段パーツを基礎または床と、中央部階段支持梁とに差し渡して取り付けると、外側から見ると、この下側階段パーツと下側階段梁とが重なっていてどちらか一方のみが見えるし、上側階段パーツを中央部階段支持梁と上端階段支持枠とに差し渡して取り付けると、外側から見ると、この上側階段パーツと上側階段梁とが重なっていてどちらか一方のみが見えるので、昇降する人が外側を見るときに下側階段梁と上側階段梁が邪魔にならないし、階段の意匠性を損なわない。
また、４本の支柱が屋外階段を取り付ける階の基礎または床から上階の床までの長さに略等しくなされているので、各階ごとに屋外階段を構築することができ、建物の階数がいくらであっても適応できる。
【００７１】
請求項２記載の発明は、請求項１記載の発明に係り、前記第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁のいずれかには、建物本体に連結するための連結材が取り付けられているので、この連結材を建物本体の階段取付場所に取り付けると、階段フレームを建物本体の階段取付場所に強固に取り付ることができる。このようになっているので、屋外階段を建物本体に取り付け易く、作業し易い。
【００７２】
請求項３記載の発明は、請求項１記載の発明に係り、前記第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれかには、梁材をコ字形に枠組した踊り場支持梁が、下側階段梁と反対方向に略水平に突出し、且つ、コ字形の両側の端部を第３支柱中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれかに連結した状態に、取り付けられているから、この踊り場支持梁の上に踊り場床を載置するだけで強固に取り付けることができるし、下側階段パーツを昇った人や上側階段パーツを降りた人が、踊り場床の上に立ったり、回転して反対方向に向き易く、便利である。
【００７３】
請求項４記載の発明は、請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載されている屋外階段を１階に構築するときには、１階の基礎に階段フレームを据え付け、第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁のいずれか又は連結梁を２階の床にある階段取付部に連結し、第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中凹部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれか又は踊り場支持梁に踊り場床を取り付け、下側階段パーツを基礎と中央部階段支持梁とに差し渡して取り付け、上側階段パーツを中央部階段支持梁と上端部階段支持梁とに差し渡して取り付け、請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載されている別の屋外階段を２階以上の階に構築するときには、既に構築されている下階の階段フレームの上に階段フレームを、下階の第１支柱と第１支柱とが、また、下階の第２支柱と第２支柱とが、また、下階の第３支柱と第３支柱とが、また、下階の第４支柱と第４支柱とがそれぞれ略一直線状になる状態に、載置し、第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上側支持梁のいずれか又は連結梁を上階の床にある階段取付部に連結し、第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれか又は踊り場支持梁に踊り床を取り付け、下側階段パーツを床と中央部階段支持梁とに差し渡して取り付け、上側階段パーツを中央部階段支持梁と上端部階段支持梁とに差し渡して取り付ける屋外階段の構築方法を特徴とするから、このようにして構築された屋外階段は、請求項１記載の発明の効果の項で説明したように、地上または床から下側階段パーツを昇って踊り場床に達し、この踊り場床で回転して反対方向に向き、踊り場床から上側階段パーツを昇って上階に行くことができるし、床から上側階段パーツを降りて踊り場床に達し、この踊り場床で回転して反対方向に向き、踊り場床から下側階段パーツを降りて下階または地上に行くことができるし、自立した屋外階段であり、設計し易いし、上記のように組み立てるだけで屋外階段を構築することができ、作業し易い。
【００７４】
又、下側階段支持梁がないので、下階の上端部階段支持梁が下側階段支持梁と２重になることがなく、材料の節約となるし、下側階段パーツは、第１支柱の下端部と第３支柱の中央部とを連結する下側階段梁に沿って取り付けられ、上側階段パーツは、第４支柱の中央部と第２支柱の上端部とを連結する上側階段梁に沿って取り付けられている。従って、下側階段パーツと上側階段パーツを昇降する人が外側を見るときに上側階段梁や下側階段梁が邪魔にならないし、階段の意匠性を損なわない。
【００７５】
また、この屋外階段では、４本の支柱が屋外階段を取り付ける階の基礎または床から上階の床までの長さに略等しくなされているので、各階ごとに屋外階段を構築することができ、建物の階数がいくらであっても適応することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の一実施例を示すもので、建物本体の骨格の一部を示す斜視図である。
【図２】梁と柱とを接続している状態を示す斜視図である。
【図３】階段フレームに上側階段パーツ、下側階段パーツ、踊り場床を取り付けている状態を示す斜視図である。
【図４】建物本体の２階に屋外階段を取り付けた状態を示す側面図である。
【図５】図４のＡ−Ａ線における断面図である。
【図６】第１支柱、第３支柱、下側階段梁、踊り場支持梁の連結状態を示す側面図である。
【図７】第２支柱、第４支柱、上側階段梁、踊り場支持梁、連結梁の連結状態を示す側面図である。
【図８】下側階段パーツを示す側面図である。
【図９】上側階段パーツを示す側面図である。
【図１０】（イ）は中央部階段支持梁（上端部階段支持梁）を示す正面図、（ロ）は（イ）の平面図、（ハ）は（イ）の側面図である。
【符号の説明】
Ｈ 建物
Ｋ 階段取付部
１ 建物本体
２ 梁
３ 柱
４ 屋外階段
５ 階段フレーム
５１ 支柱
５１１ 第１支柱
５１２ 第２支柱
５１３ 第３支柱
５１４ 第４支柱
５２ 上端部階段支持梁
５３ 中央部階段支持梁
５４ 下側階段梁
５５ 上側階段梁
５６ 連結材（連結梁）
５７ 踊り場支持梁
６ 下側階段パーツ
７ 上側階段パーツ
８ 踊り場床[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a unit-type outdoor staircase and a method for constructing an outdoor staircase.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Unit type outdoor stairs are disassembled stairs into several parts, these parts are manufactured at factories, etc., and these parts are assembled into stairs. It is often adopted because it has the feature of being an outdoor staircase.
Various types of unit-type outdoor stairs are conventionally known.
[0003]
As general unit-type outdoor stairs, there are many stairs of substantially the same type as the stairs described in Patent Document 1.
This unit-type outdoor staircase has a substantially linear staircase part assembled with a slab, a treadle, a riser, and the like, an L-shaped first receiving member composed of a horizontal regulating piece and a vertical regulating piece, and a flat, bolted bolt. At the construction site, a stair receiving girder is previously provided at a stair mounting portion such as a corridor of the building body, and further, a strut and a short strut are provided on both sides of the stair receiving girder. A strut is provided, a first strut is attached to the strut, a second strut is attached to the short strut, and the upper end of the slab girder of the stair panel is attached to the first strut and the second strut.
[0004]
An outdoor staircase described in Patent Document 2 is also known.
The outdoor stairs described in Patent Literature 2 are composed of four columns including a first column, a second column, a third column, and a fourth column that are erected at four corners of a rectangular shape, and a first column. A lower end stair support beam connecting the lower end to the lower end of the second support, an upper end stair support support connecting the upper end of the first support and the upper end of the second support, and a central portion of the third support A central stair support beam connecting the center of the fourth support, a first stair beam connecting the center of the first support and the center of the third support, a central stair support of the second support and a fourth support A second stair beam connecting the central portion of the column, and a U-shaped landing support beam formed by extending the first stair beam and the second stair beam and connecting the tips of the extended beams. The lower stair part is attached to the lower end stair support beam and the center stair support beam of the stair frame, Attaching an upper stair parts in the beam and the upper end stepped supporting beam, in which mounting the landing floor landing support beam.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-83144
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A-6-212758
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the outdoor stairs described in Patent Literature 1, when the sasara girder of the stair parts is attached to the first receiving member and the second receiving member, the stair parts and the load of the person climbing up and down the stairs are reduced by the sasara girder. The connection between the first receiving member and the connecting portion between the slab and the second receiving member is applied. Therefore, it is necessary to make the connecting structure of the two connecting portions strong enough to withstand this load. There is a complicated structure, which makes it difficult to work.
[0007]
In addition, it is difficult to carry out mounting work while supporting heavy stair parts, so that the number of on-site construction steps increases and the cost increases. In addition, there is a problem that work is often performed at high places, which is dangerous.
In addition, one of the outdoor stairs is attached to the short pole connected to the building body and the other is attached to the pillar of the building body, so the vertical load is borne by the pillar and the short pole, such as earthquake and wind pressure. The load in the horizontal direction is borne by the building itself, but the form of transmission of this load is often unclear, making it difficult to design.
[0008]
Therefore, there is a demand for a self-supporting outdoor staircase which is manufactured at a factory by manufacturing parts designed so that they can be assembled independently and simply installing the parts at the construction site.
[0009]
On the other hand, the outdoor stairs described in Patent Literature 2 can be self-supported by the four columns of the stair frame, and can be easily designed because the transmission of the horizontal load and the vertical load can be easily recognized.
In addition, the load of the stair parts and the person who goes up and down on the stair parts is applied to the columns, and hardly applied to the connecting parts connected to the building body. Therefore, it is not necessary to mount the stair parts while supporting them, and the connection structure between the stair frame and the building body is simple and structured, so that the outdoor stairs can be easily constructed.
[0010]
In addition, the stair frame is easy to manufacture with a simple structure, and the stair frame, lower stair parts, upper stair parts, landing floor, etc. are manufactured at the factory, and these are simply assembled at the construction site to make outdoor stairs. It is very convenient.
In a building having three or more floors, the outdoor stairs are provided on two or more floors in order to ascend to the three or more floors. In this case, the outdoor stairs are placed on the outdoor stairs on the lower floor, the first support and the first support on the lower floor, the second support and the second support on the lower floor, and The third support and the third support, and the fourth support and the fourth support on the lower floor, may be stacked so that they are substantially in a straight line, respectively, and the construction is extremely easy.
[0011]
However, in this outdoor staircase, when stacked, the upper end stair support beam on the lower floor and the lower end stair support beam on the floor to be attached overlap, and this portion is doubled, which is uneconomical.
Also, a first stair beam connecting the first and third struts and a second stair beam connecting the second and fourth struts cross substantially the center of the stairs. As it goes into the eyes of those who go up and down the two-step stairs, it becomes a hindrance for those who go up and down to look outside, and even when viewed from the outside, the first and second stair beams break the appearance of the stairs. There is a problem that it is not beautiful.
[0012]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to further improve the outdoor stairs described in the above-mentioned Patent Document 2 which is a very convenient staircase in which a stair frame or the like can be manufactured at a factory and assembled as a self-standing staircase only at a construction site. In addition, by providing an upper stair support beam and a lower stair support beam without being doubled, and further providing an outdoor stair that does not obstruct the stair beam or damage the appearance, and a method of constructing the outdoor stair. is there.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention has been made to solve the above problem, and the invention according to claim 1 is an outdoor stair including a stair frame, a lower stair part, an upper stair part, and a landing floor, The stair frame includes four pillars including a first pillar, a second pillar, a third pillar, and a fourth pillar standing upright at four corners of a rectangular shape, and an upper end of the first pillar and an upper end of the second pillar. , An upper end stair support beam connecting the central portion of the third support and the central portion of the fourth support, a lower end portion of the first support and a central portion of the third support. It consists of a lower stair beam to be connected and an upper stair beam to connect the central part of the fourth support and the upper end of the second support, and these four supports are the foundation or floor of the floor to which the outdoor stairs are attached. It features outdoor stairs approximately equal in length from the floor to the upper floor.
[0014]
A pillar such as a first pillar, a second pillar, a third pillar, a fourth pillar, a stair support beam such as an upper end stair support beam or a central stair support beam, or an upper stair beam used in the invention according to claim 1. A beam such as a stair beam such as a stair beam or a lower stair beam may be a long body, and the material and shape may be appropriately determined. For example, it may be made of metal such as steel frame or wooden such as wood. Further, in the case of metal, a rod-shaped body such as a round bar or a square bar, a cylindrical body such as a round tube or a square tube, a C-shaped steel having a C-shaped long body or an H-shaped cross-section may be used. It may be a deformed material such as a long H-shaped steel. In particular, H-section steel is suitable because of its high mechanical strength per unit volume.
[0015]
The landing floor may be a plate-like body, but since it is an outdoor staircase, a plate-like body excellent in water resistance and weather resistance is preferable. Moreover, since a person is placed on this, a plate-like body having high mechanical strength is preferable. As such a landing floor, an ALC plate, a cement extrusion molded plate containing an iron wire, or the like is preferable. Further, an iron plate, a frame, or the like may be attached to a lower side or a side edge portion of the plate-like body to reinforce the plate-like body.
[0016]
Further, in the outdoor staircase according to the first aspect of the present invention, the upper stair part climbs up to the upper floor or descends from the upper floor to the upper stair part. Therefore, it is necessary to attach any one of the upper end of the first support, the upper end of the second support, and the upper end stair support beam located at the upper end of the outdoor stairs to the stair mounting location of the building body. The stairs mounting location refers to a beam or the like to which a stair on the upper floor of the building body can be mounted. Usually, a person who goes up and down the stairs needs to stand in front of the stairs. Therefore, a beam or the like provided on the floor of a square (for example, a corridor) where people in front of the stairs can stand is preferable.
[0017]
Then, in order to make it easy to attach to the stair mounting location, a connecting beam is attached to one of the upper end of the first support, the upper end of the second support, and the upper end stair support beam. It is preferable that the stair frame can be firmly and easily mounted simply by attaching the connecting beam to the stair mounting location of the building body.
[0018]
In the outdoor staircase according to the first aspect of the present invention, when ascending from the lower stair part to the upper stair part or descending from the upper stair part to the lower part, the stairs rotate between the lower stair part and the upper stair part. Need to face in the opposite direction. That is, it is necessary to provide a landing floor for facing in the opposite direction between the upper stair part and the lower stair part. That is, it is necessary to attach a landing floor to any one of the central part of the third support, the central part of the fourth support, and the central stair support beam. This landing floor is connected to the central part of the third support and the central part of the fourth support. Although it may be directly attached to the central stair support beam, etc., if the landing support beam is attached to any of the central portion of the third support, the central portion of the fourth support, and the central stair support beam, the landing floor will be It is preferable because it can be easily attached.
[0019]
The landing support beam may have an appropriate shape, but since the landing floor is usually rectangular, the landing is formed by forming the beam material into a U-shape substantially equal to the shape of the outer edge of the landing floor. When the support beam is attached to the central portion of the third support, the central portion of the fourth support, or the central stair support beam, the landing floor can be easily placed simply by placing the landing floor on the landing support beam, Moreover, it can be firmly attached, which is preferable.
[0020]
That is, the invention according to claim 2 relates to the invention according to claim 1, wherein any of the upper end of the first support, the upper end of the second support, and the upper end stair support beam is connected to the building body. For the connection.
[0021]
The connecting member according to the second aspect of the present invention refers to a member that can attach the upper end of the first support, the upper end of the second support, or the upper end stair support beam at the upper end of the stair frame to the stair mounting location. Say.
Therefore, when a stair mounting location, for example, a corridor beam or the like is located near the upper end of the first support, the upper end of the second support, or the upper end stair support beam, it can be inserted into the gap between the two. A U-shaped bracket or an L-shaped bracket having a length is preferable. In addition, if the stairs are installed at a location away from the upper end of the first support, the upper end of the second support, or the upper end of the stair support beam, for example, the corridor beam may be connected. Preferred connecting beams are preferred.
[0022]
In general, when the outdoor stairs are attached to the building main body, one place may be connected and attached, but two or more places are preferably connected because they can be firmly attached.
As a method of connecting at two or more positions, two or more connecting members may be provided and connected only by this connecting member, or one or more connecting members and the upper end of one or more first pillars The connecting method of connecting directly with the connecting material and the connecting method of directly connecting may be used in combination, such as connecting directly to the upper end portion of the second support, the upper end stair support beam.
[0023]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, a beam member is provided with a U-shape in any one of a central portion of the third column, a central portion of the fourth column, and a central step stair support beam. The landing support beam framed in the shape of a left side projects substantially horizontally in the direction opposite to the lower staircase beam, and the ends on both sides of the U-shape are located at the center of the third support, the center of the fourth support, and the center stair support. It is attached in a state connected to either.
[0024]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, when the outdoor stairs according to any one of the first to third aspects is constructed on the first floor, a stair frame is installed on the foundation of the first floor, and the upper end of the first support, the second One of the upper end of the support, the upper end stair support beam or the connecting beam is connected to the stair mounting portion on the floor of the second floor, and the center of the third support, the center of the fourth support, the central stair support Attach the landing floor to one or the landing support beams, install the lower stair parts by extending them over the foundation and the central stair support beams, and install the upper stair parts by extending them over the central stair support beams and the upper end stair support beams When building another outdoor staircase according to any one of claims 1 to 3 on two or more floors, the staircase frame is placed on the already built lower staircase frame, 1 post and 1st post, 2nd post on lower floor The second support, the third support and the third support on the lower floor, and the fourth support and the fourth support on the lower floor are each placed substantially in a straight line. One of the upper end of the support, the upper end of the second support, the upper end stair support beam or the connecting beam is connected to the stair mounting portion on the floor of the upper floor, and the center of the third support and the center of the fourth support Attach the landing floor to one of the central stair support beams or the landing support beam, and install the lower staircase part by crossing over the floor, corridor, one of the upper stair support beams on the lower floor and the central stair support beam, The present invention is characterized by a method of constructing an outdoor staircase in which an upper staircase part is attached to a central staircase support beam and an upper end staircase support frame.
[0025]
Any one of the upper end of the first support, the upper end of the second support, and the upper end stair support beam in the invention according to claim 2 and the invention according to claim 4 refers to the upper end of the first support, the upper support of the second support. It refers to any one or more of the upper end portion and the upper end stair support beam. That is, only the upper end of the first support may be used, only the upper end of the second support may be used, only the upper end stair support beam may be used, or the upper end of the first support and the upper end of the second support may be used. There may be two places, or three places, such as the upper end of the first support, the upper end of the second support, and the stair support beam at the upper end.
[0026]
In the invention according to claim 3 and the invention according to claim 4, any one of the central part of the third support, the central part of the fourth support, and the central step stair support beam is the central part of the second support, the fourth support. The central portion, or any one or more of the central stair support beams. That is, only the central portion of the third column, only the central portion of the fourth column, or only the central stair support beam may be used, or the central portion of the third column and the central portion of the fourth column. There may be two places, or three places such as the center of the third support, the center of the fourth support, and the stairs support beam at the center.
[0027]
(Action)
According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an outdoor stair including a stair frame, a lower stair part, an upper stair part, and a landing floor, wherein the stair frame is a first pillar standing at four corners of a rectangular shape. Four pillars consisting of two pillars, a third pillar, and a fourth pillar, an upper end stair support beam connecting an upper end of the first pillar and an upper end of the second pillar, a central part of the third pillar, and a fourth pillar. A central step stair support beam connecting the center of the four columns, a lower step beam connecting the lower end of the first column and the center of the third column, and a central step stair beam of the fourth column and the second column. Since it is composed of the upper stair beam connecting the upper end, the first, second, third, and fourth struts erected at the four corners are the upper end stair support beam, the central stair support beam, and the lower strut. Connected by the side stair beam and the upper stair beam, the four pillars do not fall apart, and the stair frame and lower staircase And an upper stair parts and landings bed was prepared in a factory and assembled so like as in the invention of claim 4, wherein at the construction site, the outdoor stairs to self by four posts staircase frame.
[0028]
That is, when constructing the outdoor stairs on the first floor, a stair frame is installed on the foundation of the first floor, and one of the upper end of the first support, the upper end of the second support, and the upper end stair support beam of the stair frame is attached to the building. Connect to the stair mounting location on the floor such as the corridor on the 2nd floor of the main body, and attach the landing floor to either the center of the third support, the center of the fourth support, or the center stair support beam, and the lower stair parts When the stairs are installed across the foundation and the center stair support beam, and the upper stair parts are installed across the center stair support beam and the upper end stair support beam, an outdoor stair is constructed.
[0029]
Further, when another outdoor staircase according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is constructed on two or more floors, the stair frame is placed on the already constructed lower stair frame, The first support and the first support, the second support and the second support on the lower floor, the third support and the third support on the lower floor, and the fourth support and the fourth support on the lower floor. The four pillars are placed so as to be substantially linear, and one of the upper end of the first pillar, the upper end of the second pillar, and the stair support beam at the upper end is placed on a floor such as a corridor on the upper floor of the building body. Connect to a certain stair mounting part, attach a landing floor to the center of the third support, the center of the fourth support, or the stair support beam at the center, and attach the lower stair parts to the floor, corridor, upper end of the lower floor Attach by attaching to one of the stair support beams and the center stair support beam, and attach the upper stair part to the center stair support beam and the upper end stair support When installed by passing pointing to a frame, outdoor stairs is built.
[0030]
The outdoor stairs constructed in this way ascend the lower stair parts from the ground or floor or corridor to reach the landing floor, turn on the landing floor, turn in the opposite direction, and climb the upper stair parts from the landing floor. You can go to the upper floor, go down the upper stairs part from the floor or corridor, reach the landing floor, turn at this landing floor and turn in the opposite direction, get down the lower stair parts from the landing floor and go down to the lower floor or the ground You can go to
[0031]
Also, in the outdoor stairs, since there are four pillars erected at the four corners of the rectangular shape, the outdoor stairs themselves are independent, and the four pillars bear the load of the stairs and the person climbing the stairs. . Therefore, it is easy to design, and the outdoor stairs can be constructed simply by assembling as described above, so that the work is easy.
In addition, in this outdoor staircase, there is no lower end stair support beam at the lower end of the column, so when the outdoor stairs are stacked, the lower upper end stair support beam is doubled with the lower stair support beam. And save material.
[0032]
When the lower staircase part is attached to the foundation or floor surface and the central staircase support beam, the lower staircase part connects the lower end of the first support and the center of the third support. Attached along the side stair beam.
Therefore, when viewed from the outside, the lower staircase part and the lower staircase beam overlap, and only one of them is visible.
[0033]
Further, when the upper stair part is extended across the center stair support beam and the upper end stair support beam, the upper stair part is connected to the upper stair beam connecting the central part of the fourth support and the upper end of the second support. Attached along.
Therefore, when viewed from the outside, the upper staircase part and the upper staircase beam overlap and only one of them is visible.
With this configuration, the lower floor beam and the upper stair beam do not obstruct the person walking up and down the outdoor stairs when looking outside, and the design of the stairs is not impaired.
[0034]
Further, in the outdoor staircase according to the first aspect of the present invention, since the four pillars are substantially equal in length from the foundation or floor of the floor to which the outdoor stairs are mounted to the floor of the upper floor, When one of the above is installed, an outdoor stair can be constructed on that floor, and when another outdoor stair is installed thereon, an outdoor stair can be constructed on this upper floor.
As described above, since the outdoor stairs can be constructed for each floor, it can be applied to any number of floors of the building.
[0035]
In the invention according to claim 2, according to the invention according to claim 1, any one of an upper end of the first support, an upper end of the second support, and an upper end stair support beam is connected to a building body. Since the connecting member is attached, when the connecting member is attached to the stair mounting location of the building body, the stair frame is firmly attached to the stair mounting location of the building body. As described above, the outdoor staircase according to the second aspect of the invention is an outdoor staircase that can be easily attached to a building body.
[0036]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in accordance with the first aspect of the present invention, a beam member is framed in a U-shape in any one of a central portion of the third column, a central portion of the fourth column, and a central step stair support beam. The landing support beam that has been projected substantially horizontally in the opposite direction to the lower staircase beam, and the ends on both sides of the U-shape are either the center of the third support, the center of the fourth support, or the stair support at the center. Since it is attached in a state where it is connected to the landing, it can be securely attached simply by placing the landing floor on the landing support beam, which is convenient. Also, since this landing floor is attached to the landing support beam projecting in the opposite direction to the lower stair beam, people who climb the lower stair parts can easily stand on the landing floor in the traveling direction, A person who gets off the upper stairs part easily stands on the landing floor in the traveling direction.
[0037]
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, when the outdoor stairs according to any one of the first to third aspects is constructed on the first floor, the stair frame is installed on the foundation of the first floor, and the upper end of the first support, the second One of the upper end of the support, the upper end stair support beam or the connecting beam is connected to the stair mounting portion on the floor of the second floor, and the center of the third support, the center of the fourth support, the central stair support Attach the landing floor to one or the landing support beams, install the lower stair parts by extending them over the foundation and the central stair support beams, and install the upper stair parts by extending them over the central stair support beams and the upper end stair support beams When building another outdoor staircase according to any one of claims 1 to 3 on two or more floors, the staircase frame is placed on the already built lower staircase frame, One support and the first support are the second support on the lower floor And the second strut, the third strut and the third strut on the lower floor, and the fourth strut and the fourth strut on the lower floor are each placed substantially in a straight line. One of the upper end of the first support, the upper end of the second support, the upper end stair support beam or the connecting beam is connected to the stair mounting portion on the upper floor, and the center of the third support, the center of the fourth support Attach the landing floor to either the stairs support beam or the center stair support beam or the landing support beam, and attach the lower staircase part to one of the floor, corridor, upper stair support beam on the lower floor and the center stair support beam The method is characterized by the construction method of the outdoor stairs, in which the upper stair parts are attached to the center stair support beam and the upper end stair support frame, so that the outdoor stairs constructed by this construction method are on the lower side from the ground or floor or corridor. Ascend the stairs parts to reach the landing floor, rotate on this landing floor and You can go to the direction, go up the upper stairs part from the landing floor to the upper floor, get down the upper stairs part from the floor and reach the landing floor, turn on this landing floor and turn in the opposite direction, from the landing floor You can go down the lower stairs to get to the lower floor or the ground.
[0038]
The outdoor stairs constructed as described above are independent outdoor stairs as described in the operation of the first aspect of the invention, and are easy to design. The outdoor stairs can be constructed simply by assembling as described above. It is easy to work.
[0039]
Further, since there is no lower end stair support beam, the upper end stair support beam on the lower floor does not overlap with the lower end stair support beam, thereby saving material. The upper stair part is attached to the upper stair beam connecting the center of the fourth support and the upper end of the second support. The upper stair beam and the lower stair beam are attached along the upper stair part and the upper stair part when the person looks up and down, and does not hinder the design of the stairs.
[0040]
In addition, in this outdoor stairs, since the columns are approximately equal in length from the foundation or floor of the floor where the outdoor stairs are to be installed to the floor above, the outdoor stairs can be constructed for each floor, It can be applied to any number of floors.
[0041]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to examples.
1 to 10 show an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a part of a skeleton of a building body, FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state where beams and columns are connected, FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state where an upper stair part, a lower stair part, and a landing floor are attached to a stair frame, FIG. 4 is a side view showing a state where an outdoor stair is attached to the second floor of a building body, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 4, FIG. 6 is a side view showing a connection state of a first support, a third support, a lower staircase beam, a landing support beam, and FIG. 7 is a second support, a fourth support, an upper side FIG. 8 is a side view showing a lower staircase part, FIG. 9 is a side view showing an upper staircase part, and FIG. 10A is a center staircase support. FIG. 3 is a front view showing a beam (upper end stair support beam), (b) is a plan view of (a), and (c) is a side view of (a).
[0042]
In FIGS. 1 to 10, H is a three-story building, in which an outdoor staircase 4 is attached to a building body 1.
As shown in FIG. 1, the skeleton of the building body 1 is a steel-made H-shaped elongated beam 2 on the first floor provided on a foundation 9, and 1 A steel column 3 on the floor, a steel beam 2 having an H-shaped cross section on the second floor spanned on the upper end surface of the column 3, and a second floor standing on the beam 2 A steel column 3, a steel beam 2 having a H-shaped cross section on the third floor spanned over the column 3, and a steel column 3 on the third floor standing upright in places of the beam 2. It is composed of a pillar 3 and a steel beam 2 having a long H-shaped cross section and constituting a roof spanned on the pillar 3.
[0043]
In addition, there are two types of columns 3, a column 3-1 having a long H-shaped section made of steel and a column 3-2 having a rectangular cylindrical body made of steel.
The connection structure between the beam 2 and the column 3-1 will be described with reference to FIG.
Each of the upper flange 21 and the lower flange 21 of the beam 2 is provided with a total of four through holes 23 at two positions, with the center web 22 interposed therebetween, at the position where the column 3-1 is attached.
[0044]
In addition, one piece 351 of a steel L-shaped short reinforcing piece 35 is provided on the web 32 at the upper end and the lower end of the pillar 3-1 so that the other piece 352 faces the other. A connection plate 36 is attached to an end of a space surrounded by the flange 31, the web 32, and one piece 351 of 3-1.
In this manner, a total of four reinforcing plates 35 and connecting plates 36 are provided at the upper end and the lower end of the column 3-1 on both sides of the web 32, two in total. The connecting plate 36 is provided with a through hole 361.
[0045]
Then, as shown in FIG. 2, a pillar 3-1 is erected on the beam 2, and the bolt 3 and the nut passed through the through hole 23 of the beam 2 and the through hole 361 of the connecting plate 36 are used to form the pillar 3-1, 1 are connected to each other, and the beam 2 is placed on the pillar 3-1. The bolt 3 and the nut passed through the through hole 23 of the beam 2 and the through hole 361 of the connecting plate 36 are used to connect the beam 3 to the pillar 3. 1 are connected to each other. The building body 1 has an outer wall material, an inner wall material, a ceiling surface material, a partition wall, a roof, and the like attached to the skeleton.
[0046]
Reference numeral 4 denotes an outdoor stair. The outdoor stair 4 includes a stair frame 5, a lower stair part 6, an upper stair part 7, and a landing floor 8, as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, the stair frame 5 includes a support column 51, an upper end stair support beam 52, a central stair support beam 53, a lower stair beam 54, an upper stair beam 55, a connecting beam 56 as a connecting material, and a landing. And a support beam 57.
[0047]
The column 51 is a long H-shaped body made of steel and has a first column 511, a second column 512, a third column 513, and a fourth column 514 erected at four rectangular corners.
In addition, these four pillars 51 are made substantially equal in length from the foundation or floor of the floor to which the outdoor stairs 4 are attached to the floor of the upper floor, and a plate 518 is attached to the upper and lower ends, The plate 518 is provided with a through hole 519.
[0048]
Then, a plate 518 at the lower end of another support 51 is brought into contact with the support 51 and the plate 518 at the upper end, and connected by bolts and nuts passed through through holes 519 provided in both the plates 518. The support 51 and another support 51 can be connected substantially linearly.
Further, as shown in FIG. 10, the central step stair support beam 53 is a main body of a steel U-shaped long body having a length substantially equal to the sum of the width of the lower stair part 6 and the width of the upper stair part 7. 531 and mounting brackets 532 provided on both sides of the main body 531 for connecting the center of the third support 513 and the center of the fourth support 514.
[0049]
The upper end stair support beam 52 is composed of a steel U-shaped elongated body 521 having a length substantially equal to the sum of the width of the lower stair part 6 and the width of the upper stair part 7, and a mounting bracket 522, The upper end of the first support 511 is connected to the upper end of the second support 512. Since the structure of the upper end stair support beam 52 is substantially the same as that of the center stair support beam 53, it is described together with the center stair support beam 53 in FIG.
[0050]
The lower stair beam 54 is a long H-shaped section made of steel, and connects the lower end of the first support 511 and the center of the third support 513 as shown in FIG. .
The upper step beam 55 is a long H-shaped body made of steel, and connects the center of the fourth support 514 and the upper end of the second support 512 as shown in FIG.
In this manner, when the upper end stair support beam 52, the central stair support beam 53, the lower stair beam 54, and the upper stair beam 55 are attached to the four support columns 51, the four support columns become independent without being separated. The staircase frame 5 can be used.
[0051]
The connecting beam 56 is a long H-shaped section made of steel and is attached to the upper end of the second support column 512 so as to protrude substantially horizontally in a direction opposite to the upper staircase beam 55. The stair mounting portion K on the beam 2 is connected to the second support column 512.
[0052]
The landing support beam 57 is made of a steel beam having a long H-shaped cross section and is framed in a U-shape having substantially the same shape as the outer periphery of a landing floor 8 described later. It is attached to the center of the fourth support 414.
The mounting structure of the landing support beam 57 is such that the landing support beam 54 projects substantially horizontally in a direction opposite to the lower staircase beam 54, and ends 471 and 472 on both sides of the U-shape are connected to the third pillars, respectively. 513 and the fourth support 514.
[0053]
As shown in FIG. 8, the lower staircase part 6 is composed of substantially parallel sash girders 61 on both sides, and a tread plate 62 and a riser plate 63 laid across the sashimi girder 61 on both sides.
As shown in FIG. 9, the upper staircase part 7 includes, as in the case of the lower staircase part 6, a substantially parallel sash 71 on both sides, and a tread plate 72 and a riser 73 laid across the sash 71 on both sides. Consists of
When the upper staircase part 7 and the lower staircase part 6 are compared, they have substantially the same structure. However, since the orientation is different and the mounting place is different, only the structure of the upper and lower parts of the sasara girders 61 and 71 is slightly different. is there.
The landing floor 8 is formed by connecting four pieces of an extruded cemented plate containing iron wire having a thickness of about 50 mm.
[0054]
Next, the construction method and operation of this outdoor stair will be described.
At the factory, beams 2, pillars 3, stair frames 5, lower stair parts 6, upper stair parts 7, landing floor 8, and the like are manufactured.
The beams 2, the pillars 3, the stair frame 5, the lower stair parts 6, the upper stair parts 7, the landing floor 8, and the like are transported to the construction site.
[0055]
At the construction site, the beam 2 is provided on the foundation 9 already provided, the columns 3 are erected at various places of the beams 2, and the beams 2 are bridged over the upper end surfaces of the columns 3. A pillar 3 is erected at some places, a beam 2 is bridged over the pillar 3, a pillar 3 is erected at some places of the beam 2, and a beam 2 is bridged over the pillar 3 to form a three-story building. Assemble the building skeleton.
Further, at the positions of the second and third floors where the stairs are to be installed, the beam 2 forming the corridor is extended to provide a stair mounting part K.
[0056]
Next, a method of constructing an outdoor stair at the stair mounting portion K will be described.
When constructing the outdoor stairs 4 on the first floor, the stair frame 5 is installed on the foundation of the first floor, and the connecting beam 56 is connected to the stair mounting portion K of the building body 1 on the second floor. In addition, the tip of the upper end stairs support beam 52 on the first column 511 side is connected to another beam 2.
Then, since the stair frame 5 is self-supporting, there is no need to work by hanging the stair frame, and since the connecting beam 56 is provided, the stair frame 5 can be easily attached to the stair mounting portion K and the beam 2. And it can be firmly attached. Thus, the work of attaching the staircase frame 5 to the building body is easy.
[0057]
Next, the landing floor 8 is attached to the landing support beam 47.
Then, since the landing support beam 47 is formed by framing the beam material into a U-shape having substantially the same shape as the outer periphery of the landing floor 8, the landing support beam 47 can be firmly attached only by placing the landing on the landing support beam 47. Can be.
In addition, the lower staircase part 6 is inserted into one of the foundation 9, the corridor, and the floor and the central staircase support beam 53, and attached to one side, and the upper staircase part 7 is attached to the central staircase support beam 53 and the upper end staircase support beam. 52, and attached next to the lower staircase part 6, the outdoor staircase 4 on the first floor is constructed.
[0058]
Then, an outdoor corridor plate 59 made of an ALC plate having a thickness of 100 mm is attached to a space surrounded by the stair mounting portion K, the beam 2, and the upper stair support beam 52, so that a person who can go up and down the outdoor stairs can stand. Partial.
When another outdoor staircase 5 is to be constructed on the second floor, the first support 511 and the first support 511 on the first floor, and the first support 511 on the first floor, The second support 512 and the second support 512 on the first floor, the third support 513 and the third support 513 on the first floor, and the fourth support 514 and the fourth support 514 on the first floor, respectively. The beam is placed in a substantially linear state, and the connecting beam 56 is connected to the stair mounting portion K of the building body 1 on the third floor, or the upper end stair supporting beam 52 is connected to another beam 2.
[0059]
Then, as in the case of the first floor, the stair frame 5 is self-supporting and the connecting beam 56 is provided, so that the stair frame 5 can be firmly attached to the stair attachment portion K or the beam 2, The work of attaching the frame 5 to the building body is easy.
Next, the landing floor 8 is attached to the landing support beam 47.
Then, as in the case of the first floor, the landing support beam 47 is formed by framing the beam material into a U-shape having substantially the same shape as the outer periphery of the landing floor 8, so that the landing is mounted on the landing support beam 47. It can be installed firmly just by placing it.
[0060]
Further, similarly to the case of the first floor, the lower staircase part 6 is attached to one of the corridor, the floor and the upper end staircase support beam 51 of the lower floor and the central staircase support beam 53, and is attached. The outdoor stairs 4 are constructed by mounting the outer stairs support beams 53 and the upper end stairs support beams 52 across them.
Then, an outdoor corridor plate 59 made of an ALC board having a thickness of 100 mm is attached to a space surrounded by the stair mounting portion K, the beam 2, and the upper end stair support beam 52, thereby forming a part of the corridor on the third floor.
Next, an outer wall panel, an inner wall panel, a ceiling panel, a roof panel, or the like is attached to the skeleton of the building body 1 or other finishing is performed, thereby completing the building.
[0061]
In the outdoor stairs constructed in this manner, the stair frame 5, the lower stair parts 6, the upper stair parts 7, and the landing floor 8 are manufactured in a factory, and these are assembled at the construction site to form the independent outdoor stairs 4. Become.
And the outdoor stairs 4 constructed in this way climb up the lower stairs parts 6 from the ground or the floor to reach the landing floor 8, rotate on the landing floor 8, turn in the opposite direction, and move upward from the landing floor 8. You can go up the stairs part 7 to the upper floor, get down the upper stairs part 7 from the floor and reach the landing floor 8, turn on this landing floor 8 and turn in the opposite direction, and from the landing floor 8 to the lower stairs You can get off part 6 and go downstairs or on the ground.
[0062]
In addition, the outdoor stairs 4 are self-supporting because there are four pillars 51 erected at the four corners of the rectangular shape, and the four pillars 51 bear the load of the stairs 4 and a person climbing the stairs. Therefore, it is easy to design, and the outdoor stairs are completed simply by assembling as described above, so that the construction is easy.
In addition, in the outdoor stairs 4, since there is no lower end stair support beam at the lower end of the column 51, the upper end stair support beam 52 attached to the upper end of the column 51 is different from the lower stair support beam on the upper floor. There is no duplication and material is saved.
[0063]
When the lower staircase part 6 is attached to the foundation or floor and the central staircase support beam 53, as shown in FIG. 4, when viewed from the outside, the lower staircase part 6 and the first support 511 are provided. The lower stairs 54 connecting the lower end of the third stairs 513 and the center of the third column 513 are overlapped and only one of them is visible, and the upper stairs part 7 is connected to the center stairs support beam 53 and the upper end stairs support beam. 52, the upper staircase part 7 overlaps with the upper staircase beam 55 connecting the central portion of the fourth support 514 and the upper end of the second support 512 when viewed from the outside. Since only one side is visible, the upper and lower stair beams 55 and 54 do not become an obstacle when a person ascending and descending the lower and upper stair parts 6 and 7 looks outside, and the design of the outdoor stairs 4 is improved. Do not spoil.
[0064]
In addition, since the four columns 51 are substantially equal to the length from the foundation or floor of the floor to which the outdoor stairs 4 are attached to the upper floor, the outdoor stairs 4 can be constructed for each floor, and It can be adapted to any number of floors.
[0065]
As described above, the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with the embodiments. However, the specific configuration is not limited to the embodiments, and there are design changes and the like within a range not departing from the gist of the present invention. Are also included in the present invention.
For example, in this embodiment, a steel-frame building assembled with beams is described, but another building may be used. For example, it may be a steel-framed building with pillars or a wooden building. Further, it may be a building assembled on site, a unit building assembled into building units at a factory and assembled at a construction site, or a prefabricated building assembled at a construction site by assembling materials.
[0066]
Although the landing floor support beams are provided at the center of the third support and the center of the fourth support, the landing support beams may be provided at the central stair support. In addition, without providing a landing floor support beam, a frame material is attached to the landing floor, and this frame material is directly attached to one of the central portion of the third support, the central portion of the fourth support, and the central stair support beam. You may.
Although the connecting beam is attached to the upper end of the second support, the connecting beam may be provided at the upper end of the first support, or may be provided at the upper end stair support beam. Alternatively, the beams of the building body may be provided on the side of the corridor where the stairs are attached, and the upper end of the first support, the upper end of the second support, and the upper end stair support beam may be directly attached to the beams.
[0067]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the invention according to claim 1 is an outdoor stair including a stair frame, a lower stair part, an upper stair part, and a landing floor, wherein the stair frame is erected at four rectangular corners. A first support, a second support, a third support, and a fourth support, and an upper end stair support beam connecting an upper end of the first support and an upper end of the second support; A central stair support beam connecting the central portion of the third support and the central portion of the fourth support; a lower stair beam connecting the lower end of the first support and the central portion of the third support; It consists of an upper stair beam connecting the central part and the upper end of the second strut, and these four struts are approximately equal in length from the foundation or floor of the floor to which the outdoor stairs are attached to the upper floor. It is characterized by an outdoor staircase that has been made, and the four pillars are the upper end stair support beam, the central stair support beam, The stair frame, the lower stair part, the upper stair part, and the landing floor are connected at the side stair beam and the lower stair beam so that they do not fall apart. When assembled as in the invention, it becomes an outdoor stair that is self-supporting with four columns of the stair frame.
[0068]
And the outdoor stairs constructed in this way go up the lower stairs parts from the ground or the floor, reach the landing floor, turn at this landing floor and turn in the opposite direction, rise up the upper stair parts from the landing floor. You can go upstairs, get off the upper stairs part from the floor, reach the landing floor, turn on this landing floor and turn in the opposite direction, get off the lower stair parts from the landing floor and go to the lower floor. it can.
[0069]
In addition, since the outdoor stairs have four pillars erected at the four corners of the rectangular shape, the outdoor stairs themselves are independent, and the four pillars bear the load of the stairs and the person climbing the stairs. Therefore, it is easy to design, and the outdoor stairs are completed simply by assembling as described above, so that the construction is easy.
In addition, in the outdoor stairs, since there is no lower end stair support beam at the lower end of the pillar, the upper stair support beam and the lower stair support beam on the lower floor are not doubled, and material is saved. It becomes.
[0070]
In addition, when the lower staircase part is installed across the foundation or floor and the central staircase support beam, when viewed from the outside, the lower staircase part and the lower staircase beam overlap and only one of them is visible Then, when the upper stairs part is attached to the central stairs support beam and the upper end stairs support frame and attached, when viewed from the outside, the upper stairs part and the upper stairs beam overlap and only one of them is visible. The lower stair beam and the upper stair beam do not become an obstacle when a person looks outside, and the design of the stairs is not impaired.
In addition, since the four pillars are approximately equal in length from the foundation or floor of the floor where the outdoor stairs are installed to the floor above, the outdoor stairs can be constructed for each floor, and how many floors of the building Can be adapted.
[0071]
The invention according to claim 2 is directed to the invention according to claim 1, wherein any one of an upper end of the first support, an upper end of the second support, and an upper end stair support beam is connected to a building body. Since the connecting member is attached, when the connecting member is attached to the stair mounting location of the building main body, the stair frame can be firmly mounted to the stair mounting location of the building main body. With this configuration, the outdoor stairs can be easily attached to the building main body and work can be easily performed.
[0072]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, a beam member is framed in a U-shape at one of a central portion of the third support, a central portion of the fourth support, and a central step stair support beam. The landing support beam that has been projected substantially horizontally in the opposite direction to the lower staircase beam, and the ends on both sides of the U-shape are either the center of the third support, the center of the fourth support, or the stair support at the center. It is attached in a state where it is connected to, so it can be firmly attached just by placing the landing floor on this landing support beam, and the person who climbed the lower stair parts and descended the upper stair part This is convenient because it is easy for a person to stand on the landing floor or turn and turn in the opposite direction.
[0073]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, when the outdoor stairs according to any one of the first to third aspects is constructed on the first floor, a stair frame is installed on the foundation of the first floor, and the upper end of the first support, the second One of the upper end of the support, the upper end stair support beam or the connecting beam is connected to the stair mounting portion on the floor of the second floor, and the center of the third support, the middle recess of the fourth support, and the central stair support support Attach the landing floor to one or the landing support beams, attach the lower staircase part to the foundation and the central staircase support beam, and attach the upper staircase part to the central and upper end stair support beams. When building another outdoor staircase according to any one of claims 1 to 3 on two or more floors, the staircase frame is placed on the already built lower staircase frame, 1 post and 1st post, 2nd post on lower floor The second support, the third support and the third support on the lower floor, and the fourth support and the fourth support on the lower floor are each placed substantially in a straight line. One of the upper end of the support, the upper end of the second support, the upper support beam or the connecting beam is connected to the stair mounting portion on the upper floor, and the center of the third support, the center of the fourth support, the center Attach a dance floor to one of the stair support beams or the landing support beam, install the lower stair part by extending it over the floor and the center stair support beam, and attach the upper stair part to the center stair support beam and the upper end stair support beam The outdoor stairs constructed in this way are characterized by the method of constructing an outdoor stair that is installed across the floor and the floor stairs from the ground or the floor as described in the section of the effect of the present invention. Ascend the parts to the landing floor, rotate on this landing floor and turn in the opposite direction You can go up the upper stairs part from the landing floor to the upper floor, get down the upper stair parts from the floor and reach the landing floor, turn on this landing floor and turn in the opposite direction, from the landing floor to the lower stairs It is possible to get down to the lower floor or the ground by getting off the parts, and it is an independent outdoor staircase. It is easy to design, and the outdoor staircase can be constructed and assembled by simply assembling as described above.
[0074]
Also, since there is no lower stair support beam, the upper end stair support beam on the lower floor does not overlap with the lower stair support beam, thereby saving material. The upper stair part is attached to the upper stair beam connecting the center of the fourth support and the upper end of the second support. Attached along. Therefore, the upper and lower stair beams do not hinder the person who goes up and down the lower and upper stair parts when looking at the outside, and does not impair the design of the stairs.
[0075]
In addition, in this outdoor stairs, since four pillars are made approximately equal in length from the foundation or floor of the floor to which the outdoor stairs are to be attached to the upper floor, the outdoor stairs can be constructed for each floor, It can be adapted to any number of floors in the building.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1, showing an embodiment of the present invention, is a perspective view showing a part of a skeleton of a building body.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state in which a beam and a column are connected.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state in which an upper stair part, a lower stair part, and a landing floor are attached to a stair frame;
FIG. 4 is a side view showing a state where an outdoor staircase is attached to the second floor of the building body.
FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a side view showing a connection state of a first support, a third support, a lower staircase beam, and a landing support beam.
FIG. 7 is a side view showing a connected state of a second support, a fourth support, an upper staircase beam, a landing support beam, and a connection beam.
FIG. 8 is a side view showing a lower staircase part.
FIG. 9 is a side view showing an upper staircase part.
10A is a front view showing a central stair support beam (upper end stair support beam), FIG. 10B is a plan view of FIG. 10A, and FIG. 10C is a side view of FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
H building
K stair mounting
1 Building body
2 beams
3 pillars
4 Outdoor stairs
5 staircase frames
51 props
511 1st support
512 second support
513 Third Prop
514 4th support
52 Upper Step Stair Support Beam
53 Central stair support beam
54 Lower Stair Beam
55 Upper Stair Beam
56 Connecting material (Connecting beam)
57 Landing beam
6 Lower staircase parts
7 Upper Stair Parts
8 Landing floor

Claims (4)

階段フレームと下側階段パーツと上側階段パーツと踊り場床とからなる屋外階段であって、前記階段フレームは矩形状の４隅に立設された第１支柱、第２支柱、第３支柱、第４支柱からなる４本の支柱と、第１支柱の上端部と第２支柱の上端部とを連結する上端部階段支持梁と、第３支柱の中央部と第４支柱の中央部とを連結する中央部階段支持梁と、第１支柱の下端部と第３支柱の中央部とを連結する下側階段梁と、第４支柱の中央部と第２支柱の上端部とを連結する上側階段梁とからなり、これ等の４本の支柱は、屋外階段を取り付ける階の基礎または床から上階の床までの長さに略等しくなされていることを特徴とする屋外階段。An outdoor stair including a stair frame, a lower stair part, an upper stair part, and a landing floor, wherein the stair frame includes a first support, a second support, a third support, and a fourth support that are erected at four corners of a rectangular shape. Four struts composed of four struts, an upper end stair support beam connecting an upper end of the first strut and an upper end of the second strut, and a middle portion of the third strut and a middle portion of the fourth strut. A central stair support beam, a lower stair beam connecting the lower end of the first column and the central portion of the third column, and an upper stair connecting the central portion of the fourth column and the upper end of the second column. An outdoor staircase comprising beams, and the four columns are substantially equal in length from the foundation or floor of the floor to which the outdoor stairs are to be mounted to the upper floor. 前記第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁のいずれかには、建物本体に連結するための連結材が取り付けられていることを特徴とする請求項１記載の屋外階段。The connecting material for connecting to a building main body is attached to any of the upper end part of the said 1st support | pillar, the upper end part of a 2nd support | pillar, and an upper end stairs support beam. Outdoor stairs. 前記第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれかには、梁材をコ字形に枠組した踊り場支持梁が、下側階段梁と反対方向に略水平に突出し、且つ、コ字形の両側の端部を第３支柱中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれかに連結した状態に、取り付けられていることを特徴とする請求項１記載の屋外階段。A landing support beam in which a beam material is framed in a U-shape is provided on one of the central portion of the third support, the central portion of the fourth support, and the central stair support beam in a direction substantially opposite to the lower stair beam. The end of both sides of the U-shape protruding and being connected to any one of the center of the third support, the center of the fourth support, and the central stair support beam, is attached. The outdoor stairs according to 1. 請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載されている屋外階段を１階に構築するときには、１階の基礎に階段フレームを据え付け、第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁のいずれか又は連結梁を２階の床にある階段取付部に連結し、第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれか又は踊り場支持梁に踊り場床を取り付け、下側階段パーツを基礎と中央部階段支持梁とに差し渡して取り付け、上側階段パーツを中央部階段支持梁と上端部階段支持梁とに差し渡して取り付け、請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載されている別の屋外階段を２階以上の階に構築するときには、既に構築されている下階の階段フレームの上に階段フレームを、下階の第１支柱と第１支柱とが、また、下階の第２支柱と第２支柱とが、また、下階の第３支柱と第３支柱とが、また、下階の第４支柱と第４支柱とがそれぞれ略一直線状になる状態に、載置し、第１支柱の上端部、第２支柱の上端部、上端部階段支持梁のいずれか又は連結梁を上階の床にある階段取付部に連結し、第３支柱の中央部、第４支柱の中央部、中央部階段支持梁のいずれか又は踊り場支持梁に踊り場床を取り付け、下側階段パーツを床、廊下、下階の上端部階段支持梁のいずれかと中央部階段支持梁とに差し渡して取り付け、上側階段パーツを中央部階段支持梁と上端部階段支持枠とに差し渡して取り付けることを特徴とする屋外階段の構築方法。When constructing the outdoor stairs according to any one of claims 1 to 3 on the first floor, a stair frame is installed on the foundation of the first floor, and the upper end of the first support, the upper end of the second support, and the upper end stairs. One of the supporting beams or the connecting beam is connected to the stair mounting portion on the floor of the second floor, and the central portion of the third column, the central portion of the fourth column, the central stair supporting beam or the landing at the landing supporting beam. A floor is attached, a lower stair part is attached across the foundation and the central stair support beam, and an upper stair part is attached across the central stair support beam and the upper end stair support beam. When constructing another outdoor staircase described in Crab on the second or higher floor, the stair frame is placed on the already constructed lower stair frame, and the first strut and the first strut on the lower floor are combined. And the second strut and the second strut on the lower floor, The third support and the third support on the floor are placed in a state where the fourth support and the fourth support on the lower floor are substantially linear, respectively, and the upper end of the first support and the second support are mounted. One of the upper end portion, the upper end stair support beam or the connecting beam is connected to the stair mounting portion on the upper floor, and the central portion of the third support, the central portion of the fourth support, or the central stair support beam Or attach the landing floor to the landing support beam, install the lower staircase part over the floor, corridor, one of the upper staircase support beams on the lower floor and the center stair support beam, and attach the upper staircase part to the central stair support beam A method for constructing an outdoor stair, wherein the outdoor stair is attached to an upper end stair support frame.
JP2003151203A 2003-05-28 2003-05-28 Outdoor staircase and construction method of outdoor staircase Expired - Fee Related JP4171350B2 (en)

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JP2016191284A (en) * 2015-03-31 2016-11-10 トヨタホーム株式会社 building
JP2019173386A (en) * 2018-03-28 2019-10-10 旭化成ホームズ株式会社 Outdoor staircase structure and method for installing outdoor staircase structure
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2016191284A (en) * 2015-03-31 2016-11-10 トヨタホーム株式会社 building
JP2019173386A (en) * 2018-03-28 2019-10-10 旭化成ホームズ株式会社 Outdoor staircase structure and method for installing outdoor staircase structure
JP7058158B2 (en) 2018-03-28 2022-04-21 旭化成ホームズ株式会社 How to install outdoor stairs structure and outdoor stairs structure
CN114856102A (en) * 2022-04-21 2022-08-05 广东省粤建装饰集团有限公司 Vertical curtain type adjustable pull rod connected glass stair structure and construction method

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