JP4167767B2 - Forced separation device for vehicle automatic clutch - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a forcible separation device for an automatic clutch of a vehicle, and more particularly to a forcible separation device for an automatic clutch of a motorcycle having a shoe clutch type automatic clutch.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A dog-type mission gear is usually used for motorcycles, but this mission gear is in a state where the dog can be disengaged when the accelerator is returned, and the gear slides on the shaft and the gear can be changed. Become. However, with this alone, when a load is applied to the dog of the transmission gear during acceleration / deceleration, climbing, etc., the gear does not slide smoothly, making gear change very difficult.
In view of the above, conventionally, a shoe clutch type engine has a complicated structure and a large change clutch. Although this release clutch release system is not shown, it is structured in conjunction with the change shaft, and automatically turns off the change clutch during a change operation.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The conventional shoe clutch type engine has a separate change clutch as described above, so the engine width is widened to secure the space for the change clutch, and the cost increases as the number of parts increases. There was a problem that.
[0004]
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and can easily change the gear even when a load is applied to the dog, and can suppress and prevent an increase in engine width and an increase in cost. An object of the present invention is to provide a forced separation device for an automatic clutch of a vehicle.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, an automatic clutch for intermittently transmitting power to the crankshaft of the engine, a one-way clutch attached to the automatic clutch, and a forcing to restrict power transmission of the automatic clutch A separating device,
The automatic clutch includes a clutch housing that is rotatable in one direction and is supported by the crankshaft of the engine, and a plurality of shoe clutches that are in contact with and separated from the inner peripheral surface of the clutch housing and rotate in a direction opposite to the clutch housing. Including
The one-way clutch includes a drive ratchet that is fixed to the clutch housing, a driven ratchet that is slidably supported on the crankshaft of the engine and that contacts and separates from the drive ratchet, and the driven ratchet that is in contact engagement with the drive ratchet And a plurality of centrifugal rollers that are interposed between the drive ratchet and the driven ratchet and separate the driven ratchet from the drive ratchet when the engine speed reaches a predetermined value or more.
The forced separation device includes a release port provided in each shoe clutch, a plurality of release members supported by a crankshaft of the engine via a support member so as to be movable back and forth, and each release member advanced from an origin to an advanced position. And an operation mechanism for releasing the contact of each shoe clutch with respect to the clutch housing, and a return spring for retracting each release member from the advanced position to the origin. It is said.
[0006]
An oil passage is provided on the crankshaft of the engine, and a centrifugal oil filter is attached to the crankshaft so that oil can be supplied from the oil filter to the oil passage. Through-holes for the release member are provided in the axial direction of the crankshaft at a predetermined interval, and the return spring is interposed between the peripheral edge of the through-hole of the oil filter and the plurality of release members. It is preferable.
Further, it is desirable that the operation mechanism is composed of a release shaft that is swingably supported by the engine, and a pressing arm that is attached to the release shaft and can contact the support.
[0007]
Here, there are two types of engines in the scope of claims, such as 2-cylinder, 4-cylinder, 6-cylinder, V-type, DOHC, SOHC, or OHV, but any type may be used. Further, the vehicle includes at least various automobiles and motorcycles, specifically, scooters, sleeters, leisure bikes, and the like. The number of shoe clutches is not particularly limited, but is usually about 2 to 3. In addition, in the case of a plurality of shoe clutches, for example, in the case of a plurality of shoe clutches, it means that a plurality of shoe clutches come into contact with or separate from the inner peripheral surface of the clutch housing. The release port may be a through structure or a bottomed structure as long as it has a concave structure. In addition, the release member is mainly formed in a pin shape having a taper or an inclination at the tip portion, but can be formed in various convex structures other than the pin shape as long as it can be inserted into the release port.
[0008]
As long as the support is slidable in the crankshaft direction, the support may be a disk, a cylinder, or a combination thereof. In attaching the support, a plurality of fasteners and attachment members can be used in combination. The operation mechanism is mainly installed in the engine, but the operation portion at the end can be appropriately attached to a place where it is easy to operate, such as a handle, using a cable or the like. Further, the number and type of the spring member and the return spring are not particularly limited as long as they have a spring action, and include at least a plurality of leaf springs, coil springs, torsion springs, and the like. The return spring may have a structure that is fitted into the release member, or may have a structure other than that.
[0009]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, when the operation mechanism of the forced separation device is operated, the support member advances from the origin to the advance position in the release port direction, and each release member is inserted into the release port against the return spring. The plurality of shoe clutches are forcibly separated from the inner peripheral surface of the clutch housing, and power transmission is restricted. Thereby, a gear can be changed easily. In addition, the one-way clutch enables a kick operation for starting the engine by the driven ratchet being brought into contact with the drive ratchet by the spring biasing action of the spring member when the engine speed is equal to or less than a predetermined value. On the other hand, when the engine is started and the number of revolutions is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the plurality of centrifugal rollers move from the radially inward direction to the radially outward direction, and the spring member is bent, so that the driven ratchet and the drive ratchet Release contact engagement.
[0010]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the oil filter rotates together with the crankshaft, foreign matters in the oil are accumulated outside by centrifugal force, and only clean oil flows to the crankshaft. The oil filter also functions as a storage space and a mounting space for the return spring.
According to the third aspect of the present invention, when the operation mechanism is operated, the release shaft rotates, and the pressing arm advances the load in the direction of the release port by directly and indirectly applying a load to the support.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the forcible separation device for the automatic clutch of the vehicle in this embodiment intermittently interrupts the power transmission of the engine 1 mounted on a motorcycle such as a scooter (not shown) and the crankshaft 4 of the engine 1. An automatic clutch 8 that is connected to the automatic clutch 8, and a one-way clutch 15 that is attached to the automatic clutch 8.
[0012]
As shown in FIG. 1, the engine 1 includes a pair of left and right crankcases 2, and a cast iron cylinder (not shown) is mounted on the crankcase 2, and a clutch cover 3 is mounted. A crankshaft 4 having an oil flow path 5 built in the axial direction is rotatably supported in the crankcase 2 via a bearing, and a piston is rotatably supported on the crankshaft 4 via a connecting rod. An oil filter 6 is fitted.
[0013]
As shown in the figure, the oil filter 6 is fitted to one side of the crankshaft 4 and is adjacent to the automatic clutch 8, and rotates together with the crankshaft 4 to collect foreign matters in the oil on the outer periphery by centrifugal force. It functions so that only clean oil flows out from the center to the oil passage 5 of the crankshaft 4. A plurality (three in this embodiment) of through holes 7 are formed in the circumferential direction of the outer periphery of the oil filter 6 so as to penetrate in the crankshaft direction at a predetermined interval.
[0014]
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the automatic clutch 8 includes a clutch housing 9 that is supported by the crankshaft 4 of the engine 1 and that can rotate in one direction (counterclockwise in FIG. 3). The shoe clutch 10 includes a plurality (three in this embodiment) of shoe clutches 10 that are in contact with and away from the peripheral surface and rotate in a direction opposite to the clutch housing 9 (clockwise in FIG. 3). As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the clutch housing 9 is basically formed in a substantially U-shaped cross section, and is rotatably supported by one side portion of the crankshaft 4 together with the primary drive gear 11. A circular plate 12 penetrating the crankshaft 4 is built close to the inner surface of the clutch housing 9, and a plurality of fulcrum portions (three in this embodiment) are spaced at a predetermined interval on the outer surface of the plate 12. It is inserted in the protruding state.
[0015]
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the plurality of shoe clutches 10 are arranged on the outer periphery of the surface of the plate 12 and supported so as to be movable inward and outward in the radius of the plate 12. It is stretched and faces the inner peripheral surface of the clutch housing 9 so as to be able to contact and separate. As shown in FIG. 1, each shoe clutch 10 includes a plurality of clutch plates 14 having a substantially semicircular arc structure, and the plurality of clutch plates 14 are formed with notches for fitting fulcrum portions. Yes. The plurality of shoe clutches 10 thus configured together with the clutch housing 9 constitutes an automatic centrifugal inward expansion type drive clutch.
[0016]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the one-way clutch 15 includes a drive ratchet 16 that is welded near the through hole of the clutch housing 9 and a driven ratchet 17 that is slidably supported by the crankshaft 4 of the engine 1. It is configured. The drive ratchet 16 is formed in a circular shape, and a plurality of claws 18 are formed at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral portion. As shown in FIG. 4, the driven ratchet 17 is formed in a circular shape, and a plurality of claws 19 that mesh with the plurality of claws 18 are formed at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral portion. The driven ratchet 17 holds a plurality of centrifugal rollers 20 that can move inward and outward in a radial direction through a guide inclined surface 21 that is recessed at a predetermined interval.
[0017]
The driven ratchet 17 configured as described above is engaged with the opposing drive ratchet 16 by the elastic biasing action of the coil spring 22 when the engine is stopped, etc., so that the kick operation for starting the engine can be performed. On the other hand, when the engine 1 is started and the number of revolutions reaches a predetermined value or more, the plurality of centrifugal rollers 20 are respectively moved in the radial outward direction while being guided by the guide inclined surface 21, and the coil spring 22 is compressed. As a result, the drive ratchet 16 is moved to the right in FIGS. 1 and 2.
[0018]
The forcible separating device 23 includes a release port 24 having a substantially cylindrical cross section formed in each shoe clutch 10, a support plate 25 that is supported by the crankshaft 4 of the engine 1 so as to be able to move forward and backward, and a plurality of (in this embodiment, a total of 3). The release pin 26 and the release pin 26 are moved from the origin to the advanced position and inserted into the release port 24, and the operation mechanism 27 for releasing the contact of the shoe clutch 10 with respect to the clutch housing 9 and the release pin 26 are advanced. It comprises a plurality of return coil springs 28 that are retracted from the position to the origin.
[0019]
As shown in FIG. 1, the support plate 25 is slidably fitted to one end portion of the crankshaft 4 via a collar, a bearing, and a washer, and is disposed close to the oil filter 6. The plurality of release pins 26 are inserted toward the crankshaft direction at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction of the outer periphery of the support plate 25. Each release pin 26 has a tapered end at the tip, and is opposed to the release port 24 through the through hole 7 of the oil filter 6.
[0020]
As shown in FIG. 1, the operation mechanism 27 includes a release shaft 29 that is rotatably supported by a clutch cover 3 of the engine 1 via a bearing, and a collar of the support plate 25 is provided on the distal end side of the release shaft 29. A cylindrical pressing arm 31 that substantially presses and contacts the pair of arms 30 is fitted. A release arm is fitted to the end of the release shaft 29 via a fastener, and this release arm is connected to a clutch lever of a handle (not shown) via a cable (not shown). Each return coil spring 28 is fitted into the release pin 26 and is locked in the vicinity of the periphery of the through hole 7 of the oil filter 6.
[0021]
As shown in FIG. 1, the counter shaft 32 is rotatably supported inside the crankcase 2 via a bearing, and includes a primary driven gear 33 that meshes with the primary drive gear 11 and a plurality of drive gears that are transmission gears. It is fitted or slidable. A male dog and a female dog that can mesh with each other are arranged to face each other.
[0022]
Further, the drive shaft is rotatably supported inside the crankcase 2 via a bearing, and a plurality of driven gears (mission gears) meshing with the drive gears are fitted or slidably fitted to the chain sprocket. And an endless chain is wound around the chain sprocket. A plurality of driven gears are also provided with male dogs and female dogs that can mesh with each other.
[0023]
In the above configuration, when the engine 1 is stopped, each shoe clutch 10 is positioned away from the inner peripheral surface of the clutch housing 9 as shown in FIG. At this time, each release pin 26 is located at a normal position by the positioning action of the return coil spring 28. Next, during idling, the shoe clutches 10 are positioned away from the inner peripheral surface of the clutch housing 9, and only the crankshaft 4, the plate 12, and the shoe clutches 10 are rotated to restrict power transmission. Also in this case, each release pin 26 is located at a normal position by the positioning action of the return coil spring 28.
[0024]
Next, when the engine 1 is started and its rotational speed reaches a predetermined rotational speed, each shoe clutch 10 is pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the clutch housing 9 by centrifugal force corresponding to the rotational speed, as shown in FIG. The power of the crankshaft 4 is transmitted to a rear tire (not shown) via each shoe clutch 10, clutch housing 9, primary drive gear 11, primary driven gear 33, drive gear, driven gear, chain sprocket and chain in order.
[0025]
Next, when the rotational speed of the engine 1 reaches a predetermined rotational speed and it is desired to operate the clutch, a clutch lever (not shown) may be gripped. Then, the release shaft 29 of the operation mechanism 27 rotates via the cable, the pressing arm 31 presses the collar of the support plate 25, and each release pin 26 gradually inserts into the release port 24 while compressing the return coil spring 28. At the same time, the shoe clutches 10 are separated from the inner peripheral surface of the clutch housing 9 against the centrifugal force, and the transmission of power is restricted. Due to this action, the transmission gear can slide smoothly and the gear change can be greatly facilitated.
[0026]
If the operation mechanism 27 is returned to the original state, the release shaft 29 rotates to release the pressing arm 31 against the support plate 25, and the restoring action of the return coil spring 28 in which each release pin 26 is compressed. As a result, the release from the release port 24 returns to the original retracted position, and the shoe clutches 10 are pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the clutch housing 9.
[0027]
According to the above configuration, since the transmission gear is smoothly slid by the change clutch, it is very easy to change the gear even when a load is applied to the dog of the transmission gear during acceleration / deceleration or climbing. Further, since the functions of the shoe clutch 10 and the change clutch are combined, and the conventional complicated separate change clutch is omitted, there is no need to widen the engine width to secure the space for the change clutch. Significant downsizing is possible. In addition, since the configuration of the change clutch is really simple as compared with the conventional example, a significant reduction in the number of parts can be expected, and through this, an increase in cost can be reliably suppressed and prevented. Further, since the tip end portion of each release pin 26 is tapered, smooth engagement / insertion with respect to the release port 24 can be expected, and each shoe clutch 10 can be smoothly and reliably separated.
[0028]
Further, since the one-way clutch 15 is not a constant contact type but an intermittent type corresponding to the rotational speed, a gear shift operation can be performed even when a brake or the like is used during normal traveling. In the following, this point will be described in detail. When the one-way clutch 15 is a constant contact type and the brake is used during normal driving, the one-way clutch 15 is locked by a braking force or the like, and the release pin 26 is inserted into each release port 24. Even so, the connection between the clutch housing 9 and each shoe clutch 10 continues.
[0029]
On the other hand, when the one-way clutch 15 is an intermittent type corresponding to the rotational speed having the above-described configuration, the one-way clutch 15 can be very easily prevented from being locked even when a brake is used during normal traveling. Accordingly, if the release pin 26 is inserted into each release port 24, the connection between the clutch housing 9 and each shoe clutch 10 can be smoothly and reliably disconnected. It should be noted that, during normal travel, the brake acts via the clutch shoe, so that no trouble occurs during travel.
[0030]
Further, since the clutch housing 9 and the shoe clutch 10 of the automatic clutch 8 rotate in the opposite directions, each shoe clutch 10 is not pressed against the clutch housing 9 more strongly than necessary when the brake is used, and a gear shift operation is possible. Become. Explaining this point, in a configuration in which the clutch housing 9 and the shoe clutch 10 rotate in the same direction, when the clutch housing 9 and the shoe clutch 10 are running in a connected state, and the brake is used, the clutch housing 9, the shoe clutch 10 is strongly pressed by the self-servo effect. For this reason, even if the release pin 26 is inserted into each release port 24, it becomes impossible to disconnect the clutch housing 9 and each shoe clutch 10.
[0031]
On the other hand, according to the present embodiment, the mounting direction of the shoe clutch 10 is reversed and the rotation direction of the shoe clutch 10 with respect to the rotation direction of the clutch housing 9 is reversed. If inserted, the connection between the clutch housing 9 and each shoe clutch 10 can be smoothly and reliably disconnected.
[0032]
Note that the number of shift stages of a motorcycle is normally the number of stages of 4 to 6 speeds, but is not particularly limited to this number of stages. Further, when fitting the support plate 25, the drive gear and / or the driven gear, a technique such as spline fitting can be used as appropriate. Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the clutch lever is gripped when it is desired to operate the clutch. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and not only a manual clutch but also an automatic clutch may be adopted. For example, it is also possible to configure the foot operating change shaft and the release shaft 29 of the operating mechanism 27 to be interlocked. In this way, during the change operation with the foot, the push-up force by the cam acts on the end portion 35 opposite to the end portion of the arm 30, and the support plate 25 can be pressed (see FIG. 1).
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, even when a load is applied to the dog, the gear can be easily changed, and the expansion of the engine width and the increase in cost can be suppressed and prevented. There is an effect of becoming. In addition, the shoe clutches rotate in the opposite direction with respect to the direction of rotation of the clutch housing, and the one-way clutch is configured as an intermittent type corresponding to the number of rotations. A great gear shift can be expected.
Further, according to the invention described in claim 2, it is possible to separate the oil from the foreign matter and supply clean oil to the crankshaft.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory cross-sectional view showing a state at the time of engine rotation in an embodiment of a forced separation device for an automatic clutch of a vehicle according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory cross-sectional view of a main part showing a state when the engine is stopped in the embodiment of the automatic clutch forcibly separating device of the vehicle according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a shoe clutch in an embodiment of a forced separation device for an automatic clutch of a vehicle according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a driven ratchet in the embodiment of the automatic clutch forced separation device for a vehicle according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Engine 4 Crankshaft 5 Oil flow path 6 Oil filter 7 Through-hole 8 Automatic clutch 9 Clutch housing 10 Shoe clutch 15 One-way clutch 16 Drive ratchet 17 Driven ratchet 20 Centrifugal roller 22 Coil spring (spring member)
23 Forced separator 24 Release port 25 Support plate (support)
26 Release pin (release member)
27 Operating mechanism 28 Return coil spring (return spring)
29 Release shaft 30 Arm 31 Press arm 32 Counter shaft

Claims (3)

An automatic clutch forced separation device for a vehicle, comprising: an automatic clutch for intermittently transmitting and receiving power transmission of an engine crankshaft; a one-way clutch attached to the automatic clutch; and a forced separation device for regulating power transmission of the automatic clutch. There,
The automatic clutch includes a clutch housing that is rotatable in one direction and is supported by the crankshaft of the engine, and a plurality of shoe clutches that are in contact with and separated from the inner peripheral surface of the clutch housing and rotate in a direction opposite to the clutch housing. Including
The one-way clutch includes a drive ratchet that is fixed to the clutch housing, a driven ratchet that is slidably supported on the crankshaft of the engine and that contacts and separates from the drive ratchet, and the driven ratchet that is in contact engagement with the drive ratchet And a plurality of centrifugal rollers that are interposed between the drive ratchet and the driven ratchet and separate the driven ratchet from the drive ratchet when the engine speed reaches a predetermined value or more.
The forced separation device includes a release port provided in each shoe clutch, a plurality of release members supported by a crankshaft of the engine via a support member so as to be movable back and forth, and each release member advanced from an origin to an advanced position. And an operation mechanism for releasing the contact of each shoe clutch with respect to the clutch housing, and a return spring for retracting each release member from the advanced position to the origin. A forced separation device for automatic clutches of vehicles. An oil passage is provided on the crankshaft of the engine, and a centrifugal oil filter is attached to the crankshaft so that oil can be supplied from the oil filter to the oil passage. A through hole for a member is provided in the axial direction of the crankshaft at a predetermined interval, and the return spring is interposed between a peripheral portion of the through hole of the oil filter and the plurality of release members. Item 4. A forced separation device for an automatic clutch of a vehicle according to Item 1. 3. The automatic vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the operation mechanism includes a release shaft that is swingably supported by the engine, and a pressing arm that is attached to the release shaft and is capable of contacting the support body. Clutch forced separation device.

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