JP2000190746A - Forcible separating device for automatic clutch of vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily change a gear even when load applies to a dog by providing an operation mechanism that progresses each release member and releases contact of each shoe clutch with a clutch housing and a return spring for backing each release member. SOLUTION: When an engine 1 achieves a prescribed rotation speed, each shoe clutch 10 is pressed on the inner peripheral surface of a clutch housing 9 with a centrifugal force responsive to the rotation speed, and power from a crank shaft 4 is transmitted sequentially through various gears 11, 33. When a clutch lever is operated, a release shaft 29 of an operation mechanism 27 rotates, a pressing arm 31 presses a collar of a support plate 25, each release pin 26 is gradually inserted into a release hole 24 with compressing a return coil spring 28, each shoe clutch 10 is separated from the inner peripheral surface of the clutch housing 9. Thus, a mission gear smoothly slides and therefore, gear change can be facilitated.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device for forcibly separating an automatic clutch of a vehicle, and more particularly to a device for forcibly separating an automatic clutch of a motorcycle having a shoe clutch type automatic clutch.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A dog-type transmission gear is usually used for a motorcycle. When the accelerator is returned, the dog disengages, and the gear slides on a shaft to change gears. Becomes possible. However, this alone does not allow the gear to slide smoothly when a load is acting on the dog of the transmission gear, such as when accelerating or decelerating or climbing a hill, making gear change very difficult. Therefore, in view of the above, conventionally, a large-sized change clutch having a complicated structure is separately provided in a shoe clutch type engine. Although the release system of this change clutch is not shown,
The structure is linked to the change shaft, and the change clutch is automatically turned off at the time of a change operation.

[0003]

In the conventional shoe clutch type engine, since the change clutch is separately provided as described above, the width of the engine is increased in order to secure a space for the change clutch, and the number of parts is increased. There is a problem that the cost rises with the increase in the number.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and can easily change gears even when a load is acting on a dog, and also suppresses an increase in engine width and cost. It is an object of the present invention to provide a forced separation device for an automatic clutch of a vehicle which can perform the forced separation.

[0005]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an automatic clutch for intermittently transmitting power to a crankshaft of an engine, a one-way clutch attached to the automatic clutch, and A forced separation device that regulates power transmission of the automatic clutch, wherein the automatic clutch is a one-way rotatable clutch housing supported through a crankshaft of the engine, and A plurality of shoe clutches that contact and separate from the inner peripheral surface and rotate in a direction opposite to the clutch housing, wherein the one-way clutch is slidably supported by a drive ratchet fixed to the clutch housing and a crankshaft of the engine; A driven ratchet that is brought into contact with and separated from the drive ratchet; A spring member for bringing the driven ratchet into contact with the ratchet, and being interposed between the drive ratchet and the driven ratchet, separating the driven ratchet from the drive ratchet when the engine speed reaches a predetermined value or more. A plurality of centrifugal rollers to cause the forced separation device, a release port provided in each of the shoe clutch, a plurality of release members supported to advance and retreat through a support to the crankshaft of the engine, An operating mechanism for extending the release member from the origin to the advanced position, inserting the release member into the release port, and releasing the contact of each shoe clutch with the clutch housing, and returning the respective release members from the advanced position to the original position. And a spring.

An oil flow path is provided on the crankshaft of the engine, and a centrifugal oil filter is attached to the crankshaft so that oil can be supplied from the oil filter to the oil flow path. A plurality of through holes for the release members are provided at predetermined intervals in the axial direction of the crankshaft, and the return spring is provided between a peripheral portion of the through hole of the oil filter and the plurality of release members. It is preferable to interpose each. Further, it is preferable that the operating mechanism includes a release shaft that is swingably supported by the engine and a pressing arm that is attached to the release shaft and that can contact the support.

Here, the engine in the claims includes a two-cylinder, four-cylinder, six-cylinder, V-type, DOHC, SOHC, or
There are types such as OHV, but any type may be used. In addition, vehicles include at least various automobiles and motorcycles,
Specifically, a scooter, a sleta, a leisure motorcycle, or the like is included. Although the number of shoe clutches is not particularly limited, it is usually about two to three. Also,
Being able to be separated means that, for example, in the case of a plurality of shoe clutches, the plurality of shoe clutches come into contact with or separate from the inner peripheral surface of the clutch housing. Further, the release opening may be a penetrating structure or a bottomed structure as long as it has a concave structure. Further, the release member is mainly formed in a pin shape having a tapered or inclined end portion, but may be formed in various convex structures other than the pin shape as long as it can be inserted into the release opening.

The support may be a disk, a cylinder, a combination thereof, or the like as long as it can slide in the crankshaft direction. In mounting the support, a single or a plurality of fasteners and mounting members can be used together. The operation mechanism is mainly installed on the engine,
The operating portion at the end can be appropriately attached to an easy-to-operate portion such as a handle using a cable or the like. Further, the number and types of the spring members and the return springs are not particularly limited as long as they have a spring action, and include at least one or more leaf springs, coil springs, or torsion springs. The return spring may have a structure that is inserted into the release member, or may have another structure.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, when the operating mechanism of the forcible separating device is operated, the support member advances from the origin to the advanced position in the direction of the release port, and each release member is released against the return spring. , The plurality of shoe clutches are forcibly separated from the inner peripheral surface of the clutch housing, and the transmission of power is regulated. Thereby, the gear can be easily changed. Also, the one-way clutch is
When the rotational speed of the engine is equal to or less than a predetermined value, the driven ratchet is brought into contact with the drive ratchet by the elastic pressure urging action of the spring member to enable a kick operation or the like for starting the engine. On the other hand, when the engine is started and the number of revolutions is equal to or more than a predetermined value, the plurality of centrifugal rollers move from the radially inner direction to the radially outer direction, and the driven ratchet moves with the drive ratchet by bending the spring member. Release the contact engagement.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the oil filter rotates together with the crankshaft, and foreign matters and the like in the oil are collected outside by centrifugal force, and only clean oil flows to the crankshaft. The oil filter also functions as a storage space for the return spring and a mounting space. Further, according to the third aspect of the present invention, when the operating mechanism is operated, the release shaft is rotated, and the pressing arm causes the load to directly and indirectly act on the support to advance toward the release opening.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. FIGS. 1 to 4 show a forced separation device for an automatic clutch of a vehicle according to the present embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 1, an engine 1 mounted on a motorcycle such as a scooter (not shown), an automatic clutch 8 for intermittently transmitting power to a crankshaft 4 of the engine 1, and an intermittent type one-way corresponding to the number of rotations attached to the automatic clutch 8 The clutch 15 includes a clutch 15, a forced separation device 23 for restricting power transmission of the automatic clutch 8, a counter shaft 32, and a drive shaft (not shown).

As shown in FIG. 1, the engine 1 includes a pair of left and right crankcases 2. The crankcase 2 is provided with a cast iron cylinder (not shown).
The clutch cover 3 is mounted. Crankcase 2
A crankshaft 4 having an oil flow path 5 built therein in the axial direction is rotatably supported via a bearing.
, A piston is rotatably supported via a connecting rod, and an oil filter 6 is fitted.

As shown in FIG.
It is fitted to one side of the crankshaft 4 and is adjacent to the automatic clutch 8 and rotates together with the crankshaft 4 to accumulate foreign matter and the like in oil on the outer periphery by centrifugal force. To flow out to the oil flow path 5.
A plurality of (three in this embodiment) through holes 7 are formed in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral portion of the oil filter 6 so as to penetrate therethrough at predetermined intervals in the crankshaft direction.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the automatic clutch 8 is a one-way clutch supported on the crankshaft 4 of the engine 1.
The clutch housing 9 is rotatable (counterclockwise in FIG. 3).
And a plurality of (three in the present embodiment) shoe clutches 10 which come into contact with and separate from the inner peripheral surface of the clutch housing 9 and rotate in a direction opposite to the clutch housing 9 (clockwise direction in FIG. 3). . As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the clutch housing 9 is basically formed in a substantially U-shaped cross section, and is rotatably supported by one side of the crankshaft 4 together with the primary drive gear 11. A circular plate 12 that penetrates through the crankshaft 4 is built in close to the inner surface of the clutch housing 9, and a plurality of fulcrums (three in this embodiment) are arranged at predetermined intervals on the outer surface of the plate 12. In a protruding state.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the plurality of shoe clutches 10 are arranged on the outer periphery of the surface of the plate 12, supported so as to be movable in and out of the radius of the plate 12, and provided between the shoe clutches 10 for return. A spring 13 is stretched, and opposes the inner peripheral surface of the clutch housing 9 so as to be able to contact and separate therefrom. As shown in FIG. 1, each shoe clutch 10 includes a plurality of clutch plates 14 having a laminated structure having a substantially semicircular arc shape, and the plurality of clutch plates 14 are formed with notches for fitting fulcrum portions. I have. The plurality of shoe clutches 10 configured in this way constitute an automatic centrifugal inward expansion type drive clutch together with the clutch housing 9.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the one-way clutch 15 includes a drive ratchet 16 welded near a through hole of the clutch housing 9 and a driven ratchet slidably supported on the crankshaft 4 of the engine 1. 17. Drive ratchet 1
6 has a plurality of claws 18 formed in a circular shape in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral portion.
Are formed at predetermined intervals. As shown in FIG. 4, the driven ratchet 17 is formed in a circular shape, and a plurality of claws 19 meshing with a plurality of claws 18 are formed at predetermined intervals in a circumferential direction of an outer peripheral portion. The driven ratchet 17 holds a plurality of centrifugal rollers 20 movable in a radially inward and outward direction at predetermined intervals via a concave guide inclined surface 21.

The driven ratchet 17 having the above-described structure is used.
When the engine is stopped or the like, the opposing drive ratchet 16 is engaged with the opposing drive ratchet 16 by the elastic force of the coil spring 22 to enable a kick operation for starting the engine. On the other hand, when the engine 1 is started and its rotation speed reaches a predetermined value or more, the plurality of centrifugal rollers 20 move outward in the radial direction while being guided by the guide inclined surface 21, and the coil spring 22 compresses. As a result, the drive ratchet 16 shown in FIG.
2 and to the right in FIG.

The forcible separating device 23 is provided for each shoe clutch 1.
0, a release port 24 having a substantially cylindrical cross section, and a support plate 2 supported by the crankshaft 4 of the engine 1 so as to be able to advance and retreat.
5, a plurality of (three in this embodiment) release pins 2
6. An operating mechanism 2 that advances each release pin 26 from the origin to the advanced position, inserts it into the release port 24, and releases the contact of each shoe clutch 10 with the clutch housing 9.
7 and a plurality of return coil springs 28 for retracting each release pin 26 from the advanced position to the origin.

As shown in FIG. 1, the support plate 25 is slidably fitted to one end of the crankshaft 4 via a collar, a bearing and a washer, and is disposed close to the oil filter 6. The plurality of release pins 26 are inserted toward the crankshaft direction at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral portion of the support plate 25. Each release pin 26
The distal end portion is formed in a tapered taper and penetrates the through hole 7 of the oil filter 6 and faces the release port 24 so as to be insertable.

As shown in FIG. 1, the operating mechanism 27 has a release shaft 29 rotatably supported via a bearing on the clutch cover 3 of the engine 1, and a support plate is provided on the distal end side of the release shaft 29. A cylindrical pressing arm 31 for substantially pressing the pair of arms 30 into contact with the 25 collars is fitted. A release arm is fitted to the end of the release shaft 29 via a fastener, and the release arm is connected to a clutch lever of a handle (not shown) via a cable (not shown). Also, each return coil spring 28
Is inserted into the release pin 26 and is locked in the vicinity of the periphery of the through hole 7 of the oil filter 6.

As shown in FIG. 1, the counter shaft 32 is rotatably supported inside the crankcase 2 via a bearing, and includes a primary driven gear 33 meshing with the primary drive gear 11 and a plurality of drive gears serving as transmission gears. Are fitted or slidably fitted respectively. A male dog and a female dog that can mesh with each other are disposed opposite to each other in the plurality of drive gears.

Further, the drive shaft is a crankcase 2
A plurality of driven gears (transmission gears), which are rotatably supported via bearings via a bearing, are fitted or slidably fitted with the respective drive gears, and a chain sprocket is fitted therein. An endless chain is wound around the sprocket. A male dog and a female dog that can mesh with each other are also arranged opposite to each other in the plurality of driven gears.

In the above configuration, when the engine 1 is stopped, as shown in FIG. 2, each shoe clutch 10 is located away from the inner peripheral surface of the clutch housing 9.
At this time, each release pin 26 is located at a normal position by the positioning action of the return coil spring 28. Next, at the time of idling, each shoe clutch 10 is located away from the inner peripheral surface of the clutch housing 9, and only the crankshaft 4, the plate 12, and each shoe clutch 10 rotate, and the transmission of power is regulated. Also in this case, each release pin 26 is located at a normal position by the positioning action of the return coil spring 28.

Next, when the engine 1 is started and the number of revolutions reaches a predetermined number of revolutions, as shown in FIG. 1, each shoe clutch 10 is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the clutch housing 9 by centrifugal force corresponding to the number of revolutions. Are pressed, and the power of the crankshaft 4 is applied to each shoe clutch 10, the clutch housing 9,
The power is transmitted to the rear tire (not shown) via the primary drive gear 11, the primary driven gear 33, the drive gear, the driven gear, the chain sprocket, and the chain in order.

Next, when the rotational speed of the engine 1 has reached a predetermined rotational speed and a clutch operation is desired, a clutch lever (not shown) may be gripped. Then, the release shaft 29 of the operation mechanism 27 rotates via the cable, and the pressing arm 31 presses the collar of the support plate 25, and each release pin 26 gradually inserts into the release port 24 while compressing the return coil spring 28. At the same time, each shoe clutch 10 separates from the inner peripheral surface of the clutch housing 9 against the centrifugal force, and the transmission of power is regulated. By this operation, the transmission gear slides smoothly, and it can be expected that gear change is greatly facilitated.

When the operating mechanism 27 is returned to the original state, the release shaft 29 is rotated and the pressing of the pressing arm 31 against the support plate 25 is released.
Is released from the release port 24 by the restoring action of the compressed return coil spring 28 to return to the original retracted position, and each shoe clutch 10 is pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the clutch housing 9.

According to the above configuration, since the transmission gear is smoothly slid by the change clutch, the gear change becomes extremely easy even when a load is acting on the transmission gear dog, such as during acceleration or deceleration or when climbing a hill. .
Further, since the functions of the shoe clutch 10 and the change clutch are combined and the conventional complicated separate clutch is omitted, there is no need to increase the width of the engine in order to secure space for the change clutch. Significant compactness is possible. In addition, since the configuration of the change clutch is quite simple as compared with the conventional example, a significant reduction in the number of parts can be expected, thereby making it possible to reliably prevent an increase in cost. Further, since the tip end of each release pin 26 is tapered, smooth engagement and insertion with respect to the release port 24 can be expected, and each shoe clutch 10 can be smoothly and reliably separated.

Further, since the one-way clutch 15 is not of the constant contact type but of the intermittent type corresponding to the rotation speed, the gear shift operation can be performed even when a brake or the like is used during normal running. In the following, this point will be described in detail. When the one-way clutch 15 is of the constant contact type, if the brake is used during normal traveling, the one-way clutch 15 is locked by a braking force or the like, and the release pin 26 is inserted into each release port 24. Even so, the connection between the clutch housing 9 and each shoe clutch 10 is continued.

On the other hand, in the case where the one-way clutch 15 is the intermittent type corresponding to the rotational speed having the above-described structure, the locking of the one-way clutch 15 can be prevented very easily even when the brake is used during normal traveling. Therefore, if the release pin 26 is inserted into each release port 24, the connection between the clutch housing 9 and each shoe clutch 10 can be smoothly and reliably disconnected. In addition, since the brake is applied via the clutch shoe during normal traveling, no trouble occurs during traveling.

Further, since the clutch housing 9 and the shoe clutch 10 of the automatic clutch 8 rotate in opposite directions, each shoe clutch 10 is not pressed against the clutch housing 9 more than necessary when the brake is used.
A gear shift operation becomes possible. To explain this point, in a configuration in which the clutch housing 9 and the shoe clutch 10 rotate in the same direction, when the vehicle is traveling with the clutch housing 9 and the shoe clutch 10 connected, the use of the brake 9, the shoe clutch 10 is strongly pressed by the self-servo effect.
For this reason, even if the release pin 26 is inserted into each release port 24, the clutch housing 9 and each shoe clutch 10
It becomes impossible to disconnect the connection.

On the other hand, according to the present embodiment, since the mounting direction of the shoe clutch 10 is reversed and the rotation direction of the shoe clutch 10 with respect to the rotation direction of the clutch housing 9 is reversed, each release port 24 has a release port. If the pin 26 is inserted, the connection between the clutch housing 9 and each shoe clutch 10 can be smoothly and reliably disconnected.

The number of gear stages of a motorcycle is usually 4 to
Although the number of gears is 6th, the number of gears is not particularly limited. When fitting the support plate 25, the drive gear, and / or the driven gear, a technique such as spline fitting can be used as appropriate. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the clutch lever is gripped when it is desired to operate the clutch has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and an automatic clutch may be employed instead of the manual clutch. For example, a structure in which a change shaft for foot operation and a release shaft 29 of the operation mechanism 27 are interlocked with each other is also possible. In this way, at the time of the change operation by the foot, the push-up force by the cam acts on the end 35 opposite to the end of the arm 30 to press the support plate 25 (see FIG. 1).

[0033]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, it is possible to easily change gears even when a load is acting on the dog, and to prevent an increase in engine width and cost. There is an effect that it becomes possible to do. In addition, since the plurality of shoe clutches rotate in the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the clutch housing, and the one-way clutch is configured as an intermittent type corresponding to the number of rotations, even when using a brake or the like during normal traveling, it is smooth. A gear shift can be greatly expected. Further, according to the second aspect of the present invention, it is possible to separate oil and foreign matter and supply clean oil to the crankshaft.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory cross-sectional view showing a state when an engine is rotating in an embodiment of a forced separation device for an automatic clutch of a vehicle according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory cross-sectional view of a main part showing a state when an engine is stopped in an embodiment of a forced separation device for an automatic clutch of a vehicle according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a shoe clutch in the embodiment of the automatic clutch forcible separation device of the vehicle according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a driven ratchet in the embodiment of the automatic clutch forced separation device for the vehicle according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Engine 4 Crankshaft 5 Oil flow path 6 Oil filter 7 Through-hole 8 Automatic clutch 9 Clutch housing 10 Shoe clutch 15 One-way clutch 16 Drive ratchet 17 Driven ratchet 20 Centrifugal roller 22 Coil spring (spring member) 23 Forced separation device 24 Release port 25 Support Plate (Support) 26 Release Pin (Release Member) 27 Operating Mechanism 28 Return Coil Spring (Return Spring) 29 Release Shaft 30 Arm 31 Press Arm 32 Counter Shaft

Claims (3)

[Claims] An automatic clutch for a vehicle including an automatic clutch for intermittently transmitting power to a crankshaft of an engine, a one-way clutch attached to the automatic clutch, and a forcible separating device for restricting power transmission of the automatic clutch. The automatic clutch, wherein the automatic clutch is a one-way rotatable clutch housing supported through the engine crankshaft,
The clutch housing includes a plurality of shoe clutches that contact and separate from the inner peripheral surface of the clutch housing and rotate in a direction opposite to the clutch housing. The one-way clutch includes a drive ratchet fixed to the clutch housing and a crankshaft of the engine. A driven ratchet that is slidably supported and comes into contact with and separates from the drive ratchet, a spring member that contacts the driven ratchet with the drive ratchet, and is interposed between the drive ratchet and the driven ratchet; A plurality of centrifugal rollers for separating the driven ratchet from the drive ratchet when the number of rotations reaches a predetermined value or more, wherein the forced separation device includes a release port provided in each of the shoe clutches, and a crankshaft of the engine. Retractable through support A plurality of release members to be held, an operating mechanism that advances each release member from the origin to an advanced position, inserts the release member into the release port, and releases contact of each shoe clutch with the clutch housing, and each release member. And a return spring for retreating from the advanced position to the origin. 2. An oil flow path is provided on a crankshaft of the engine, and a centrifugal oil filter is mounted on the crankshaft so that oil can be supplied from the oil filter to the oil flow path. A plurality of through holes for the release members are provided at predetermined intervals in the axial direction of the crankshaft, and the return spring is provided between a peripheral portion of the through hole of the oil filter and the plurality of release members. 2. The forced separation device for an automatic clutch of a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein each of the force separation devices is interposed. 3. The operating mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the operating mechanism includes a release shaft swingably supported by the engine, and a pressing arm attached to the release shaft and capable of contacting the support. A forced separation device for an automatic clutch of a vehicle according to the above.