JP4165812B2 - Polymerization inhibitor and polymerization inhibition method for aromatic vinyl compounds - Google Patents

Polymerization inhibitor and polymerization inhibition method for aromatic vinyl compounds Download PDF

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JP4165812B2
JP4165812B2 JP2003056026A JP2003056026A JP4165812B2 JP 4165812 B2 JP4165812 B2 JP 4165812B2 JP 2003056026 A JP2003056026 A JP 2003056026A JP 2003056026 A JP2003056026 A JP 2003056026A JP 4165812 B2 JP4165812 B2 JP 4165812B2
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Prior art keywords
nitroso
polymerization
compound
aromatic vinyl
oxyl
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JP2004263103A (en
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淳一 中嶋
青磁 谷崎
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Hakuto Co Ltd
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Hakuto Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、特定のN−ニトロソ化合物と特定のN−オキシル化合物を有効成分として含有してなる芳香族ビニル化合物の重合抑制剤および当該重合抑制剤を用いて芳香族ビニル化合物の製造、精製、貯蔵或いは輸送工程で発生する重合を抑制し、あるいは石油精製プラント等で芳香族ビニル化合物の重合による汚れが発生するプロセスに対し、汚れの発生を抑制する方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
芳香族ビニル化合物、特にスチレンはポリスチレン、合成ゴム、ABS樹脂などの製造原料として産業上非常に重要な化合物であり、工業的に大量に生産されている。
【0003】
一般に芳香族ビニル化合物は極めて重合し易く、製造あるいは精製工程において、熱が加わる等の要因により容易に重合し、芳香族ビニル化合物モノマーの収率を低下させ、さらに関連設備の中に汚れ(ファウリング)を生じ設備の運転上、支障を来すなどの問題がある。また、芳香族ビニル化合物の製造、精製工程以外でも、石油精製プラント等では、芳香族ビニル化合物の存在により、該化合物の重合に起因する汚れが発生するといった問題がある。これらの問題を回避するために一般に重合抑制剤が使用されている。
【0004】
重合抑制剤は、各種の化合物が知られているが、ニトロソ化合物では、N,N−ニトロソメチルアニリン〔例えば、特許文献1参照〕、N−ニトロソジフェニルアミンとジニトロ−o−クレゾールの組み合わせ〔例えば、特許文献2参照〕、N−ニトロソジフェニルアミンとジニトロ−p−クレゾールの組み合わせ〔例えば、特許文献3参照〕、ニトロソフェノール〔例えば、特許文献4参照〕、N−ニトロソ−N,N'−ジ−3−ペンチル−p−フェニレンジアミン〔例えば、特許文献5参照〕などの提案がある。
【0005】
【特許文献1】
米国特許第288,138号明細書
【特許文献2】
米国特許第3,988,212号明細書
【特許文献3】
米国特許第4,341,600号明細書
【特許文献4】
特開平5−156233号公報
【特許文献5】
特開平11−140001号公報
【0006】
また、スチレン類を含む芳香族ビニル化合物に対する重合抑制剤として、安定N−オキシル化合物(例えば、特許文献6参照)が提案された。しかしながら、安定N−オキシル化合物は、初期の重合抑制に極めて有効であるが、ラジカルとの反応により自身が消失されると薬剤不在と同じ速度で重合が起こり、特に芳香族ビニル化合物を分離精製することを目的とした蒸留塔塔底部で、プロセス液体の滞留時間が比較的長い場合、あるいは複数の蒸留塔を備えた分離プロセスにおいて該重合禁止剤添加部から後段の蒸留塔では安定N−オキシル化合物が消費され尽くし、重合抑制が期待できないという問題があった。この他、安定N−オキシル化合物とp−ニトロソフェノールの組合せ〔例えば、特許文献7参照〕、安定N−オキシル化合物とp−ニトロフェノールの組合せ〔例えば、特許文献8参照〕、ニトロフェノールとスルホン酸類の組合せ〔例えば、特許文献9参照〕などを用いる提案がある。
【0007】
【特許文献6】
特開平1−165534号公報
【特許文献7】
特開平8−59524号公報
【特許文献8】
特開平9−268138号公報
【特許文献9】
特開2003−12708号公報
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ニトロソ化合物、ニトロフェノールなどの重合抑制剤は、一般に毒性が高く、出来るだけ少量で所望の効果が発現することが望まれている。かかる見地から、本発明は、芳香族ビニル化合物に対して従来より少ない量で効果が発現する重合抑制剤およびこれを用いてなる芳香族ビニル化合物の重合抑制方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは芳香族ビニル化合物の重合反応特性と、種々のニトロソ化合物における重合抑制特性を詳細に検討した結果、ニトロソ基に隣接して立体的に大きな立体障害基を有する三級炭化水素基、脂環炭化水素基を導入した特定のニトロソ化合物が、従来公知のN−ニトロソ−N−メチルアニリン、N−ニトロソ−N−フェニルアニリン(N−ニトロソジフェニルアミン)よりも重合抑制効果が増強するのみならず、芳香族ビニル化合物を扱う工程で一般的に使用されている2,4−ジニトロ−6−sec−ブチルフェノール(DNBP)と比べても抑制効果が高いことに着目し、特定のN−ニトロソ化合物と特定のN−オキシル化合物との組み合わせが芳香族ビニル化合物の重合抑制剤として好適であり、上記課題に合致することを見出し、本発明をなすに至った。
【0010】
すなわち、請求項1に係る発明は、芳香族ビニル化合物の重合抑制剤に係り、 ( ) N−ニトロソ−N−シクロヘキシルアニリン,N−ニトロソ−N− ( tert−ブチル ) アニリン及びN−ニトロソ−1− ( tert−ブチル ) アミノナフタレンからなる群より選ばれた1種以上のN−ニトロソ化合物と(B)2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジン−1−オキシル、4−ヒドロキシ−2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジン−1−オキシル及び4−オキソ−2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジン−1−オキシルからなる群より選ばれた1種以上のN−オキシル化合物を有効成分として含有し、且つ、 ( ) N−ニトロソ化合物と(B)N−オキシル化合物との配合割合が重量比で95:5〜1:2であることを特徴とする。
【0015】
請求項に係る発明は、芳香族ビニル化合物の重合抑制剤方法に係り、芳香族ビニル化合物の製造、精製、貯蔵或いは輸送工程において、請求項記載の重合抑制剤を添加することである。
【0016】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明について詳細に説明する。
本発明の重合抑制剤の対象とする芳香族ビニル化合物は、スチレン、メチルスチレン、エチルスチレン、ジビニルベンゼンなどである。
【0017】
重合抑制剤の一つである特定のN−ニトロソ化合物は、A成分のN−ニトロソ−N−シクロヘキシルアニリン,N−ニトロソ−N− ( tert−ブチル ) アニリン及びN−ニトロソ−1− ( tert−ブチル ) アミノナフタレンであり、これらのN−ニトロソ化合物はプロセスの状況に合わせてその1種類をあるいは2種類以上を組み合わせて使用する。
【0018】
本発明の重合抑制方法を実施する対象は、芳香族ビニル化合物を製造、精製、貯蔵、あるいは輸送する工程などである。
【0019】
重合抑制剤は、基本的に重合の進行速度を遅くする重合抑制タイプと、重合が開始する迄の時間を遅らせる重合禁止するタイプがある。実際の重合抑制剤を、厳密に区分することはできないが、本発明に係るA成分のN−ニトロソ化合物は、重合抑制タイプの傾向が強いものである。芳香族ビニル化合物を扱う工程では、滞留時間が長い個所がしばしば存在するので、一般的には禁止剤タイプよりも抑制剤タイプがより好ましく選ばれるが、重合禁止機能をさらに付与することでより効果的に使用できることがある。
【0020】
芳香族ビニル化合物を扱う工程における重合抑制は、A成分のN−ニトロソ化合物に、重合禁止タイプのB成分のN−オキシル化合物を組合せることで、さらに効果を上げることができる。
【0021】
本発明において、N−ニトロソ化合物と組合せて用いるN−オキシル化合物は、2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジン−1−オキシル、4−ヒドロキシ−2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジン−1−オキシル及び4−オキソ−2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジン−1−オキシルである。これらのN−オキシル化合物はプロセスの状況に合わせてその1種類をあるいは2種類以上を組み合わせて使用する。
【0022】
本発明の重合抑制剤は、A成分のN−ニトロソ化合物とB成分のN−オキシル化合物を含む重合抑制剤で有り、通常、両者の化合物を溶解し得る有機溶剤、例えば芳香族系有機溶剤に溶解して使用される。具体的な有機溶剤としては、ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン、エチルベンゼン等が有り、これらの1種以上が用いられる。重合抑制剤中のN−ニトロソ化合物、N−オキシル化合物の濃度は、一律に決められるものではなく、適宜決定されれば良いが、一般にはそれぞれ1〜20重量%である。また、N−ニトロソ化合物、N−オキシル化合物の溶解度や溶解安定性を改善するためにアルコール類[例えば、エチレングリコール、ブチルグリコール等]を配合しても何ら差し支えない。本発明の効果を妨げない範囲において、従来から使用されてきた重合抑制剤を配合してもよい。
【0023】
A成分のN−ニトロソ化合物とB成分のN−オキシル化合物の配合比は、目的とする芳香族ビニル化合物の種類、量、運転状況および重合抑制効果の要求の程度により一律に決められるものでなく適宜決定されれば良いが、通常、重量比でN−ニトロソ化合物とN−オキシル化合物を95:5〜1:2であり、好ましくは9:1〜1:1である。
【0024】
本発明の重合抑制剤の調製方法は、特に限定されるものではなく、A成分のN−ニトロソ化合物とB成分のN−オキシル化合物を撹拌下、芳香族系有機溶剤に溶解することによって行われる。
【0025】
本発明の重合抑制剤の添加量についても、芳香族ビニル化合物の種類や量はもちろん、工程の運転状況、要求度、経済的観点などを加味して決められるべきものであり、一律に決めることはできないが、一般的にはN−ニトロソ化合物を、芳香族ビニル化合物に基づいて1〜2000ppm、好ましくは10〜1000ppmである。この範囲よりも少ないと効果が十分でないことが多く、またこの範囲より多くとも工程上は大きな問題はないが、添加量の増加に見合う効果の増大が得られず、むしろ経済的に好ましくないことが多い。
【0026】
また、A成分のN−ニトロソ化合物と組み合わせて用いるB成分のN−オキシル化合物の量は限定するものではなく、工程の運転状況や経済的観点から任意に決められるものであるが、一般的には、芳香族ビニル化合物に基づいて1〜2000ppm、好ましくは5〜500ppmである。この範囲よりも少ないと組合せて用いることの意義が十分大きくないことがあり、またこの範囲を超えて多くすると、効果は充分あるが添加量の割に効果が大きくならず、経済的にみて不利となることがある。
【0027】
本発明のN−ニトロソ化合物とN−オキシル化合物は、上記のように重合抑制の機能が少し異なっており、本発明のN−ニトロソ化合物は、初期の重合抑制は安定N−オキシル化合物に比べ劣るものの、比較的長時間にわたり重合を抑制することができ、N−オキシル化合物は、初期の重合抑制に優れるが、時間を経て系内のラジカルと反応して消耗するとそれ以後は実質的に重合抑制効果がなくなる。従って、工程の要求に応じて両者の最適配合を設定して添加することが望ましい。例えば、工程の状況から長期間にわたり、重合を抑制したい場合にはN−ニトロソ化合物を多く、初期の重合を抑制したい場合はN−オキシル化合物を多くするなど、任意に添加量、および組合せ比率を変えて最適化を図ることができる。
【0028】
本発明において、A成分のN−ニトロソ化合物とB成分のN−オキシル化合物を組み合わせて該工程に添加する場所は特に限定されるものではないが、通常、芳香族ビニル化合物が重合し、汚れとして問題化する箇所より上流のプロセスに添加する。例えば、スチレンは一般にエチルベンゼンの脱水素反応によって製造され、生成したスチレンと未反応エチルベンゼンを連続的に蒸留分離していることから、そのエチルベンゼン脱水素後の蒸留塔群に供給するのがよい。
【0029】
工程への添加方法は特に限定されるものではないが、通常、ある特定箇所に一括添加するか、あるいはいくつかの箇所に分けて添加するなどの方法が適宜選択される。この際、N−ニトロソ化合物とN−オキシル化合物はそれぞれ別々にまた添加場所を変えて添加することも出来るが、予め両者を所望する比率で混合し、そのプロセス流体と同じ液体、例えばスチレンの場合にはエチルベンゼンや粗スチレンに溶解して添加するのが実際上便利である。
【0030】
上記で説明したように、ニトロソ基に隣接して立体的に大きな立体障害基を有する前記3種のN−ニトロソ化合物のうちのいずれかを用いることにその特徴がある。立体的に大きな基であるtert−ブチル基あるいはシクロヘキシル基の導入により、重合抑制特性が変化する理由は明らかでないが、重合抑制を担う活性点であるニトロソ基とラジカルとの反応により生じたニトロキサイドが立体的に大きい基で挟まれ、安定化されたものと考えられる。また、後記比較例で示すように、本発明に係るA成分のN−ニトロソ化合物は、芳香族ビニル化合物を扱う工程で一般的に使用されている2,4−ジニトロ−6−sec−ブチルフェノール(DNBP)よりも抑制効果が高いという利点を有する。
【0031】
【実施例】
実施例によって、本発明をさらに詳細に説明するが、本発明は以下の実施例になんら限定されるものではない。
【0032】
〔評価に用いた重合抑制剤〕
本発明に係るA成分のN−ニトロソ化合物
N−1:N−ニトロソ−N−シクロヘキシルアニリン〔「H−2」(商品名)、大内新興(株)製〕
N−2:N−ニトロソ−N−(tert−ブチル)アニリン(N−2)
米国特許第2,692,287号記載の方法に準じて以下の方法でN−(tert−ブチル)アニリン合成し、次に亜硝酸と反応させてN−ニトロソ−N−(tert−ブチル)アニリンを得た。100mlのガラス製耐圧容器にアニリン塩酸塩1.3g(10ミリモル)、tert−ブチルアルコール3.7g(50ミリモル)、ヨウ素0.005gを入れ、140℃で5時間加熱した。加熱後、反応混合物を水に溶解させ、次いで水酸化アンモニウム溶液を加え、ジエチルエーテルにより抽出した。減圧下で溶媒を留去し、残留物を得、シリカゲルを用いたクロマトグラフィーにより該残留物を精製し、N−tert−ブチルアニリンを得た。合成したN−tert−ブチルアニリン1.49g(10ミリモル)を200mlフラスコに入れ、0℃に冷却しながら1:1濃塩酸40ml(濃塩酸20mlと水20mlの混合液)を加え、次に亜硝酸ナトリウム溶液〔亜硝酸ナトリウム0.76g(11ミリモル)を水15mlに溶解した溶液〕を20分間かけて滴下した。滴下終了後、過剰の酸を水酸化ナトリウム溶液で中和し、反応混合物を分液ロートに注ぎ、100mlのジエチルエーテルで抽出した。水層と有機層を分離し、有機層を硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した後、減圧下で溶媒を留去し、N−ニトロソ−N−tert−ブチルアニリンを得た。反応は、ほぼ定量的に進行し、精製することなしに重合抑制剤の試験に供した。
N−3:N−ニトロソ−1−(tert−ブチル)アミノナフタレン
「N−2」において、アニリン塩酸塩の代わりに1−アミノナフタレン塩酸塩を使用してN−ニトロソ−1−(tert−ブチル)アミノナフタレンを合成した。
【0033】
〔比較で用いたN−ニトロソ化合物〕
N−4:N−ニトロソ−N−メチルアニリン〔「H−1」(商品名)、大内新興(株)製〕を使用した。
N−5:N−ニトロソ−N−フェニルアニリン〔「スコノック」(商品名)、大内新興(株)〕を使用した。
【0034】
〔比較で用いたその他の重合抑制剤〕
DNBP:2,4−ジニトロ−6−sec−ブチルフェノール(SNPE社製)
【0035】
〔本発明に係るB成分のN−オキシル化合物〕
TEMPO:1−オキシル−2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジ
H−TEMPO:1−オキシル−2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジン−4−オール(Aldrich社製)
O−TEMPO:1−オキシル−2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジン−4−オン(Aldrich社製)
【0039】
〔重合抑制試験
還流冷却器を備えた4つ口セパラブルフラスコにスチレンモノマー(予めアルカリ洗浄してモノマー中に含まれる重合抑制剤を除き、水洗、乾燥した)100gを入れ、所定量の重合抑制剤を加え、高純度窒素ガスを80mL/分の流量で通気しながら120℃に加熱、保持した。一定時間毎に内容物の一部を取り出し、9倍容量のメタノールを加えて生成したポリマーを液中に懸濁状態で析出させ、濾過してポリマー重量を秤量した。ポリマー量から、モノマー中のポリマー生成量%を計算で求めた。A成分のN−ニトロソ化合物とB成分のN−オキシル化合物を組合せた場合の重合抑制効果を評価した。結果を表1にまとめた。
【0040】
【表1】

Figure 0004165812
【0041】
本発明によりA成分のN−ニトロソ化合物とB成分のN−オキシル化合物を組合せて添加することにより、初期の重合はもちろんのこと、長期にわたり重合が抑制され、相乗効果が発揮されることが理解される。
【0042】
【発明の効果】
本発明によりA成分のN−ニトロソ化合物とB成分のN−オキシル化合物を組合せて使用することにより、芳香族ビニル化合物を製造、精製、貯蔵するプロセスにおける初期の重合はもちろんのこと、長期にわたり重合を抑制することが可能になる上に、相乗効果が発現することから、使用量を減らすことができ、経済効果とともに、取扱い上の煩雑さも軽減される。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is the manufacture of certain N- nitroso compounds and certain N- oxyl compound polymerization inhibitor and the polymerization inhibitor an aromatic vinyl compound with an aromatic vinyl compound which comprises as an active ingredient, The present invention relates to a method for suppressing the generation of dirt in a process in which the polymerization occurring in the refining, storage or transportation process is suppressed, or in the process in which the contamination due to the polymerization of an aromatic vinyl compound occurs in an oil refinery plant or the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Aromatic vinyl compounds, particularly styrene, are very important compounds in the industry as raw materials for producing polystyrene, synthetic rubber, ABS resin and the like, and are industrially produced in large quantities.
[0003]
In general, aromatic vinyl compounds are very easily polymerized, and easily polymerize due to factors such as the addition of heat in the manufacturing or purification process, thereby reducing the yield of aromatic vinyl compound monomers, and contamination in related equipment (fau Ring), causing problems in the operation of the equipment. In addition to the production and refining processes of aromatic vinyl compounds, petroleum refineries and the like have a problem that contamination due to polymerization of the compounds occurs due to the presence of the aromatic vinyl compounds. In order to avoid these problems, a polymerization inhibitor is generally used.
[0004]
As the polymerization inhibitor, various compounds are known. In the case of a nitroso compound, N, N-nitrosomethylaniline (for example, see Patent Document 1), a combination of N-nitrosodiphenylamine and dinitro-o-cresol [for example, Patent Document 2], a combination of N-nitrosodiphenylamine and dinitro-p-cresol [for example, see Patent Document 3], nitrosophenol [for example, see Patent Document 4], N-nitroso-N, N′-di-3 There are proposals such as -pentyl-p-phenylenediamine [see, for example, Patent Document 5].
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
US Pat. No. 288,138 [Patent Document 2]
US Pat. No. 3,988,212 [Patent Document 3]
US Pat. No. 4,341,600 [Patent Document 4]
JP-A-5-156233 [Patent Document 5]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-140001
Moreover, a stable N-oxyl compound (see, for example, Patent Document 6) has been proposed as a polymerization inhibitor for aromatic vinyl compounds containing styrenes. However, although a stable N-oxyl compound is extremely effective in suppressing initial polymerization, when it disappears by reaction with a radical, polymerization occurs at the same rate as in the absence of a drug, and in particular, an aromatic vinyl compound is separated and purified. In the case where the residence time of the process liquid is relatively long at the bottom of the distillation tower for the purpose, or in the separation process having a plurality of distillation towers, a stable N-oxyl compound is added from the polymerization inhibitor addition part to the subsequent distillation tower. Was consumed, and there was a problem that polymerization suppression could not be expected. In addition, a combination of a stable N-oxyl compound and p-nitrosophenol (for example, see Patent Document 7), a combination of a stable N-oxyl compound and p-nitrophenol (for example, see Patent Document 8), nitrophenol and sulfonic acids There is a proposal using a combination of the above [see, for example, Patent Document 9].
[0007]
[Patent Document 6]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-165534 [Patent Document 7]
JP-A-8-59524 [Patent Document 8]
JP-A-9-268138 [Patent Document 9]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-12708
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Polymerization inhibitors such as nitroso compounds and nitrophenol are generally highly toxic, and it is desired that the desired effects be expressed in as little amount as possible. From this viewpoint, an object of the present invention is to provide a polymerization inhibitor that exhibits an effect with respect to an aromatic vinyl compound in a smaller amount than before and a method for inhibiting polymerization of an aromatic vinyl compound using the same.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of detailed examination of the polymerization reaction characteristics of aromatic vinyl compounds and the polymerization inhibition characteristics of various nitroso compounds, the present inventors have found that tertiary hydrocarbon groups having a sterically hindered steric group adjacent to the nitroso group. In addition, a specific nitroso compound having an alicyclic hydrocarbon group introduced has only a polymerization inhibition effect that is higher than that of conventionally known N-nitroso-N-methylaniline and N-nitroso-N-phenylaniline (N-nitrosodiphenylamine). In addition , focusing on the fact that the inhibitory effect is high compared to 2,4-dinitro-6-sec-butylphenol (DNBP), which is generally used in the process of handling aromatic vinyl compounds , a specific N-nitroso the combination of a specific N- oxyl compound and the compound is suitable as a polymerization inhibitor of vinyl aromatic compounds, found that matches the above-mentioned problems It has led to the completion of the present invention.
[0010]
That is, the invention according to claim 1 relates to a polymerization inhibitor for an aromatic vinyl compound, comprising: ( A ) N-nitroso-N-cyclohexylaniline, N-nitroso-N- ( tert-butyl ) aniline and N-nitroso- One or more N-nitroso compounds selected from the group consisting of 1- ( tert-butyl ) aminonaphthalene and (B) 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl, 4-hydroxy-2, Effectively one or more N-oxyl compounds selected from the group consisting of 2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl and 4-oxo-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl It is contained as a component , and the blending ratio of ( A ) N-nitroso compound and (B) N-oxyl compound is 95: 5 to 1: 2 by weight.
[0015]
The invention according to claim 2 relates to the polymerization inhibitor of aromatic vinyl compounds, production of aromatic vinyl compound, purified, in storage or transportation step is to add a polymerization inhibitor according to claim 1, wherein.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
Aromatic vinyl compounds targeted by the polymerization inhibitor of the present invention include styrene, methylstyrene, ethylstyrene, divinylbenzene, and the like.
[0017]
Specific N-nitroso compounds, which are one of polymerization inhibitors, include A-component N-nitroso-N-cyclohexylaniline, N-nitroso-N- ( tert-butyl ) aniline and N-nitroso-1- ( tert- Butyl ) aminonaphthalene, and these N-nitroso compounds are used singly or in combination of two or more depending on the process conditions.
[0018]
The target for carrying out the polymerization inhibiting method of the present invention is a process for producing, purifying, storing or transporting an aromatic vinyl compound.
[0019]
There are basically two types of polymerization inhibitors: a polymerization inhibition type that slows the progress of polymerization, and a polymerization prohibition type that delays the time until the polymerization starts. Although an actual polymerization inhibitor cannot be strictly classified, the A-component N-nitroso compound according to the present invention has a strong tendency of polymerization inhibition type. In the process of handling aromatic vinyl compounds, there are often places where the residence time is long, so in general, the inhibitor type is more preferably selected than the inhibitor type, but it is more effective by further providing a polymerization inhibition function. Can sometimes be used.
[0020]
Polymerization inhibition in the process of handling an aromatic vinyl compound can be further improved by combining the N component nitroso compound of component A with the N component oxyl compound of polymerization inhibitor B component .
[0021]
In the present invention, N- oxyl compound used in combination with N- nitroso compounds, 2, 2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl, 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine - 1-oxyl and 4-oxo-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl. These N-oxyl compounds are used singly or in combination of two or more according to the process conditions.
[0022]
The polymerization inhibitor of the present invention is a polymerization inhibitor containing an N -nitroso compound of component A and an N-oxyl compound of component B. Usually, an organic solvent capable of dissolving both compounds, for example, an aromatic organic solvent, is used. Used by dissolving. Specific examples of the organic solvent include benzene, toluene, xylene, and ethylbenzene, and one or more of these are used. The concentrations of the N-nitroso compound and the N-oxyl compound in the polymerization inhibitor are not uniformly determined and may be appropriately determined, but are generally 1 to 20% by weight, respectively. Moreover, in order to improve the solubility and dissolution stability of the N-nitroso compound and N-oxyl compound, alcohols [for example, ethylene glycol, butyl glycol, etc.] may be blended. As long as the effects of the present invention are not hindered, conventionally used polymerization inhibitors may be blended.
[0023]
The compounding ratio of the N -nitroso compound of component A and the N-oxyl compound of component B is not uniformly determined by the type of aromatic vinyl compound, the amount of operation, and the degree of demand for polymerization inhibition effect. The N-nitroso compound and the N-oxyl compound are usually 95: 5 to 1: 2, and preferably 9: 1 to 1: 1 by weight ratio.
[0024]
The method for preparing the polymerization inhibitor of the present invention is not particularly limited, and is performed by dissolving the N -nitroso compound of component A and the N-oxyl compound of component B in an aromatic organic solvent with stirring. .
[0025]
The addition amount of the polymerization inhibitor of the present invention should be determined in consideration of the operation status of the process, the degree of demand, the economic viewpoint, as well as the type and amount of the aromatic vinyl compound, and should be determined uniformly. Generally, the N-nitroso compound is 1 to 2000 ppm, preferably 10 to 1000 ppm, based on the aromatic vinyl compound. If the amount is less than this range, the effect is often insufficient, and if it is more than this range, there is no significant problem in the process, but an increase in the effect commensurate with the increase in the amount added cannot be obtained, and it is rather economically undesirable. There are many.
[0026]
Further, the amount of the N -oxyl compound of the B component used in combination with the N-nitroso compound of the A component is not limited and can be arbitrarily determined from the operation status and economic viewpoint of the process. Is 1 to 2000 ppm, preferably 5 to 500 ppm, based on the aromatic vinyl compound. If it is less than this range, the significance of using it in combination may not be sufficiently large, and if it exceeds this range, the effect is sufficient, but the effect is not large for the added amount, which is disadvantageous from an economical viewpoint. It may become.
[0027]
The N-nitroso compound of the present invention and the N-oxyl compound are slightly different from each other in the function of inhibiting polymerization as described above, and the N-nitroso compound of the present invention is inferior to the stable N-oxyl compound in the initial polymerization inhibition. However, the polymerization can be suppressed for a relatively long time, and the N-oxyl compound is excellent in suppressing the initial polymerization. However, after the reaction with radicals in the system over time, the N-oxyl compound substantially suppresses the polymerization thereafter. No effect. Therefore, it is desirable to set and add the optimal blend of both according to the process requirements. For example, if it is desired to suppress polymerization over a long period of time from the state of the process, the amount of N-nitroso compound is increased, and if it is desired to suppress initial polymerization, the amount of N-oxyl compound is increased. It can be optimized by changing.
[0028]
In the present invention, but are not particularly limited places to be added to the process by combining the N- oxyl compound of N- nitroso compound and the B component of the A component, usually an aromatic vinyl compound is polymerized, as soil Add to the process upstream from the problem. For example, styrene is generally produced by a dehydrogenation reaction of ethylbenzene, and the produced styrene and unreacted ethylbenzene are continuously separated by distillation. Therefore, the styrene is preferably supplied to a distillation column group after the ethylbenzene dehydrogenation.
[0029]
The addition method to the process is not particularly limited, but usually, a method such as adding all at a specific location or adding in several locations is appropriately selected. In this case, the N-nitroso compound and the N-oxyl compound can be added separately at different addition locations, but they are mixed in advance at a desired ratio, and in the case of the same liquid as the process fluid, for example, styrene It is practically convenient to add to benzene by dissolving in ethylbenzene or crude styrene.
[0030]
As described above, the present invention is characterized in that any one of the three kinds of N-nitroso compounds having a sterically large steric hindrance group adjacent to the nitroso group is used. Although the reason for the change in polymerization inhibition characteristics due to the introduction of tert-butyl group or cyclohexyl group , which is a sterically large group , is not clear, nitroxide produced by the reaction of nitroso group, which is the active site responsible for polymerization inhibition, with radicals It is thought that it was sandwiched between sterically large groups and stabilized. Moreover, as shown in a comparative example described later, the N-nitroso compound of component A according to the present invention is 2,4-dinitro-6-sec-butylphenol (which is generally used in the process of handling an aromatic vinyl compound). This has the advantage of a higher suppression effect than DNBP).
[0031]
【Example】
The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
[0032]
[Polymerization inhibitor used for evaluation]
[ N-nitroso compound of component A according to the present invention ]
N-1: N-nitroso-N-cyclohexylaniline [“H-2” (trade name), manufactured by Ouchi Shinsei Co., Ltd.]
N-2: N-nitroso-N- (tert-butyl) aniline (N-2)
According to the method described in US Pat. No. 2,692,287, N- (tert-butyl) aniline was synthesized by the following method and then reacted with nitrous acid to give N-nitroso-N- (tert-butyl) aniline. Got. A 100 ml glass pressure vessel was charged with 1.3 g (10 mmol) of aniline hydrochloride, 3.7 g (50 mmol) of tert-butyl alcohol and 0.005 g of iodine and heated at 140 ° C. for 5 hours. After heating, the reaction mixture was dissolved in water, then ammonium hydroxide solution was added and extracted with diethyl ether. The solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain a residue. The residue was purified by chromatography using silica gel to obtain N-tert-butylaniline. 1.49 g (10 mmol) of the synthesized N-tert-butylaniline was placed in a 200 ml flask, and 40 ml of 1: 1 concentrated hydrochloric acid (mixture of 20 ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid and 20 ml of water) was added while cooling to 0 ° C. A sodium nitrate solution [a solution of 0.76 g (11 mmol) of sodium nitrite dissolved in 15 ml of water] was added dropwise over 20 minutes. After completion of the dropwise addition, excess acid was neutralized with sodium hydroxide solution, and the reaction mixture was poured into a separatory funnel and extracted with 100 ml of diethyl ether. The aqueous layer and the organic layer were separated, and the organic layer was dried over sodium sulfate, and then the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain N-nitroso-N-tert-butylaniline. The reaction proceeded almost quantitatively and was subjected to a polymerization inhibitor test without purification.
N-3: N-nitroso-1- (tert-butyl) aminonaphthalene In “N-2”, using 1-aminonaphthalene hydrochloride instead of aniline hydrochloride, N-nitroso-1- (tert-butyl) Aminonaphthalene was synthesized.
[0033]
[N-nitroso compound used in comparison]
N-4: N-nitroso-N-methylaniline ["H-1" (trade name), manufactured by Ouchi Shinsei Co., Ltd.] was used.
N-5: N-nitroso-N-phenylaniline [“Sconnock” (trade name), Ei Ouchi Co., Ltd.] was used.
[0034]
[Other polymerization inhibitors used in comparison]
DNBP: 2,4-dinitro-6-sec-butylphenol (manufactured by SNPE)
[0035]
[N-oxyl compound of component B according to the present invention]
TEMPO: 1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidi H-TEMPO: 1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-ol (manufactured by Aldrich)
O-TEMPO: 1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-one (manufactured by Aldrich)
[0039]
[Polymerization inhibition test 1 ]
Into a four-necked separable flask equipped with a reflux condenser, 100 g of a styrene monomer (previously washed with alkali to remove a polymerization inhibitor contained in the monomer, washed with water and dried) was added, and a predetermined amount of polymerization inhibitor was added. High purity nitrogen gas was heated and held at 120 ° C. while venting at a flow rate of 80 mL / min. A part of the contents was taken out at regular intervals, and 9 times the volume of methanol was added to precipitate the polymer produced in a suspended state in the liquid, filtered and the polymer weight was weighed. From the amount of polymer, the amount of polymer produced in the monomer was calculated. The polymerization inhibitory effect when the N-nitroso compound of the A component and the N-oxyl compound of the B component were combined was evaluated. The results are summarized in Table 1.
[0040]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004165812
[0041]
It is understood that by adding a combination of the N-nitroso compound of component A and the N-oxyl compound of component B according to the present invention, the polymerization is suppressed over a long period of time as well as the initial polymerization, and a synergistic effect is exhibited. Is done.
[0042]
【The invention's effect】
By using a combination of N- oxyl compound of N- nitroso compound and the B component of the A component in accordance with the present invention, producing an aromatic vinyl compound, purification, initial polymerization, of course in the storage processes, the polymerization over time In addition, since a synergistic effect is exhibited, the amount used can be reduced, and the complexity of handling is reduced as well as the economic effect.

Claims (2)

( ) N−ニトロソ−N−シクロヘキシルアニリン,N−ニトロソ−N− ( tert−ブチル ) アニリン及びN−ニトロソ−1− ( tert−ブチル ) アミノナフタレンからなる群より選ばれた1種以上のN−ニトロソ化合物と(B)2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジン−1−オキシル、4−ヒドロキシ−2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジン−1−オキシル及び4−オキソ−2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジン−1−オキシルからなる群より選ばれた1種以上のN−オキシル化合物を有効成分として含有し、且つ、 ( ) N−ニトロソ化合物と(B)N−オキシル化合物との配合割合が重量比で95:5〜1:2であることを特徴とする芳香族ビニル化合物の重合抑制剤。 ( A ) One or more N selected from the group consisting of N-nitroso-N-cyclohexylaniline, N-nitroso-N- ( tert-butyl ) aniline and N-nitroso-1- ( tert-butyl ) aminonaphthalene A nitroso compound and (B) 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl, 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl and 4-oxo-2,2 , 6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl, one or more N-oxyl compounds selected from the group consisting of: ( A ) N-nitroso compound and (B) N-oxyl A polymerization inhibitor of an aromatic vinyl compound , wherein the blending ratio with the compound is 95: 5 to 1: 2 by weight . 芳香族ビニル化合物の製造、精製、貯蔵或いは輸送工程において、請求項記載の重合抑制剤を添加することを特徴とする芳香族ビニル化合物の重合抑制方法。Production of aromatic vinyl compound, purified, in storage or transportation step, polymerization inhibition of the aromatic vinyl compound, characterized by adding a polymerization inhibitor according to claim 1, wherein.
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