JP4160882B2 - Flocculant for wastewater treatment - Google Patents
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- JP4160882B2 JP4160882B2 JP2003306678A JP2003306678A JP4160882B2 JP 4160882 B2 JP4160882 B2 JP 4160882B2 JP 2003306678 A JP2003306678 A JP 2003306678A JP 2003306678 A JP2003306678 A JP 2003306678A JP 4160882 B2 JP4160882 B2 JP 4160882B2
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Description
本発明は、特に難沈降性物質を含む排水を高度処理する際に好適な排出処理用凝集剤に関する。 The present invention relates to a flocculant for discharge treatment that is particularly suitable for advanced treatment of wastewater containing hardly sedimentable substances.
凝集剤を用いて排水処理する場合、懸濁粒子群を効率良く凝集させるためには、凝集剤を懸濁液内に均一に混入させた後、急速攪拌してマイクロフロック群を形成させる処理と、緩速攪拌してマイクロフロック群や微粒子群を衝突・集合させる処理を併用することが知られている。(非特許文献1)
一般に使用されている凝集剤としては、硫酸アルミニウム、ポリ塩化アルミニウム、塩化鉄等に代表される無機凝集剤と、ポリアクリルアミド等に代表される水溶性高分子凝集剤がある。無機凝集剤は、正電荷を有する水酸化物により凝集が起こりやすくなり、高分子凝集剤は、接触する粒子群同士を架橋作用により集合させ、凝集体群を形成させるため、現在では、無機凝集剤と高分子凝集剤が併用されることが多い。
When wastewater treatment is performed using a flocculant, in order to efficiently agglomerate suspended particles, the flocculant is uniformly mixed in the suspension and then rapidly stirred to form a micro floc group. In addition, it is known to use a combination of slow agitation and collision / aggregation of micro flock groups and fine particle groups. (Non-Patent Document 1)
Commonly used flocculants include inorganic flocculants represented by aluminum sulfate, polyaluminum chloride, iron chloride and the like, and water-soluble polymer flocculants represented by polyacrylamide and the like. Inorganic flocculants are prone to agglomerate due to positively charged hydroxides, and polymer flocculants aggregate the particles that come into contact with each other by a cross-linking action to form aggregates. In many cases, an agent and a polymer flocculant are used in combination.
そして、無機凝集剤と高分子凝集剤を併用する場合にも、上記したとおり、無機凝集剤を添加した後に急速攪拌してマイクロフロック群を形成させ、高分子凝集剤を添加した後、緩速攪拌してより大きな凝集体群を形成させる処理方法が適用されている。 And also when using an inorganic flocculant and a polymer flocculant in combination, as described above, after adding the inorganic flocculant, rapidly stirring to form a micro floc group, adding the polymer flocculant, A treatment method in which a larger aggregate group is formed by stirring is applied.
特許文献1には、界面活性剤、油分等を含む排水に、ベントナイト、カチオン系高分子凝集剤を添加して得られる処理水を混和槽に導き、アルミニウム塩、アルカリ剤を添加して凝集反応を行った後、沈殿池で凝集フロックを分離する方法が開示されている。しかし、時間差を設けて、無機凝集剤や高分子凝集剤等の凝集剤を別々に投入する必要があるため、手間が掛かり、複数の凝集剤投入手段が必要となるほか、設備面積が大きくなり、装置が大きくなるという不利益もある。 In Patent Document 1, treated water obtained by adding bentonite and a cationic polymer flocculant to waste water containing a surfactant, oil, etc. is led to a mixing tank, and an agglomeration reaction is performed by adding an aluminum salt and an alkali agent. After carrying out the method, a method for separating the floc flocs in the sedimentation basin is disclosed. However, since it is necessary to add a coagulant such as an inorganic coagulant and a polymer coagulant separately with a time lag, it takes time and requires a plurality of coagulant injection means, and the equipment area increases. There is also a disadvantage that the device becomes large.
非特許文献2には、ベントナイト、植物抽出エキスを主成分としたA剤と、硫酸アルミニウム、デンプン誘導体カチオン性アクリルアミド重合物を主成分としたB剤とからなる排水処理剤〔(有)ウエステックから販売されている商品名ウエスタック〕が紹介されている。しかし、この排水処理剤は、水性塗料廃液に対して、まず粉末状のA剤を投入し、次いでB剤を水で溶解させた液体を添加する必要があるため、上記特許発明と同様に、設備面積が大きくなること、凝集剤の投入手段が複数必要となるという問題がある。 Non-Patent Document 2 discloses a wastewater treatment agent [(Yes) Westec comprising an A agent mainly composed of bentonite and plant extract and a B agent mainly composed of aluminum sulfate and a starch derivative cationic acrylamide polymer. The product name “WESTAK” sold by is introduced. However, since this wastewater treatment agent needs to first add a powdery A agent to the aqueous paint waste liquid, and then add a liquid obtained by dissolving the B agent in water. There are problems that the equipment area is increased and that a plurality of means for supplying the flocculant are required.
特許文献2では、予めベントナイト等の吸着物質、炭酸塩、硫酸塩及び高分子凝集剤が所定割合で混合された混合凝集剤が開示されている。この技術は、凝集剤の投入手段が複数必要となるとの問題は解決されるものの、凝集剤の吸着速度や凝集・沈降速度が遅いと、沈降分離に時間を要し、設備面積が大きくなるという問題は残る。 Patent Document 2 discloses a mixed flocculant in which an adsorbing substance such as bentonite, carbonate, sulfate, and a polymer flocculant are mixed in a predetermined ratio. Although this technology solves the problem that multiple means for adding flocculant are required, if the adsorbing rate of the flocculant and the aggregation / sedimentation rate are slow, it takes time for the sedimentation separation, and the equipment area increases. The problem remains.
一方、界面活性剤、油分等を含む洗浄排水は、油分が界面活性剤によって高度にエマルジョン化されているため、凝集剤による処理は、設備面積が大きくなり、凝集剤投入量が多くなるといった問題があった。このため、攪拌槽及び凝集沈澱槽の滞留時間の大幅な短縮が可能であったり、あるいは水面沈降負荷が1以上であっても凝集沈澱処理が可能な凝集剤の選定が必要となる。
本発明は、上記問題を解決すると共に、特に難沈降性物質を含む排水を高度処理する際に好適であり、排水処理設備のコンパクト化に寄与できる排水処理用凝集剤を提供することを課題とする。 The present invention solves the above problems and is particularly suitable for advanced treatment of wastewater containing hardly sedimentable substances, and it is an object to provide a flocculant for wastewater treatment that can contribute to downsizing of wastewater treatment facilities. To do.
本発明は、課題の解決手段として、排水中のCOD成分を除去するための凝集剤であって、排水に対して100mg/Lの濃度にて添加し、10分間攪拌した後、静置沈降させた際の凝集フロックの沈降速度が0.3〜3.0cm/分である排水処理用凝集剤を提供する。 The present invention is a flocculant for removing COD components in wastewater as a means for solving the problem, and is added to the wastewater at a concentration of 100 mg / L, stirred for 10 minutes, and then allowed to settle. A coagulant for wastewater treatment in which the settling speed of the aggregated floc is 0.3 to 3.0 cm / min is provided.
本発明において、COD成分とは、COD値を発現させる被酸化成分を意味し、COD成分を除去するとは、CODを低下させることを意味する。 In the present invention, the COD component means an oxidizable component that develops a COD value, and removing the COD component means reducing COD.
また本発明は、課題の他の解決手段として、攪拌部の槽容量がV1(m3)、沈殿部の槽容量がV2(m3)、沈殿部の沈降面積がA(m2)である凝集沈澱槽で凝集沈澱処理をするとき、下記の要件(a)〜(e)を満たすように処理するものである排水処理用凝集剤を提供する。 Further, the present invention provides another solution to the problem. The tank capacity of the stirring part is V 1 (m 3 ), the tank capacity of the precipitation part is V 2 (m 3 ), and the sedimentation area of the precipitation part is A (m 2 ). When the coagulation-sedimentation treatment is performed in the coagulation-sedimentation tank, a wastewater treatment coagulant is provided which is processed so as to satisfy the following requirements (a) to (e).
(a)排水に対して20〜200mg/Lの濃度にて攪拌部に添加する;
(b)処理量F(m3/Hr)にて処理する;
(c)V1/Fで表される攪拌部液平均滞留時間が5〜15分である;
(d)V2/Fで表される沈殿部液平均滞留時間が10〜30分である;
(e)F/Aで表される水面積負荷が1〜10m/Hrである;
本発明において、沈降部の沈降面積Aは、沈殿部において凝集フロックが堆積しうる面積の総和であり、槽底部の面積や沈降板の面積を含む。
(A) It adds to a stirring part with the density | concentration of 20-200 mg / L with respect to waste_water | drain;
(B) Process with a processing amount F (m 3 / Hr);
(C) agitating section water mean residence time expressed in V 1 / F is 5 to 15 min;
(D) V 2 / precipitation section water mean residence time represented by F is 10 to 30 minutes;
(E) The water area load represented by F / A is 1 to 10 m / Hr;
In the present invention, the sedimentation area A of the sedimentation part is the sum of the areas where the aggregated flocs can accumulate in the sedimentation part, and includes the area of the tank bottom and the area of the sedimentation plate.
本発明の排水処理用凝集剤によれば、急速攪拌及び緩速攪拌の組み合わせが不要となり、凝集剤を成分ごとに2剤に分割する必要もなく、かさ密度が高く、沈降性の高い成分を使用することによる、凝集剤設備面積の増大や、凝集剤の投入手段が複数必要となるという問題が解決される。このため、本発明の排水処理用凝集剤を適用すれば、排水処理装置をより小型化することができるようになる。 According to the flocculant for wastewater treatment of the present invention, a combination of rapid stirring and slow stirring is unnecessary, there is no need to divide the flocculant into two components for each component, a bulk density is high, and a component having high sedimentation properties is added. The use of this solves the problem of increasing the flocculant equipment area and requiring a plurality of flocculant charging means. For this reason, if the coagulant | flocculant for wastewater treatment of this invention is applied, a wastewater treatment apparatus can be reduced more in size.
更に本発明の排水処理用凝集剤によれば、洗車排水のように、特に難沈降性物質を含む排水を高度処理することができると共に、排水処理装置の小型化もできるようになるため、既設の洗車排水の処理装置にも容易に適用することができる。 Furthermore, according to the flocculant for wastewater treatment of the present invention, wastewater containing difficult-to-settling substances, such as car wash wastewater, can be treated at a high level, and the wastewater treatment apparatus can be downsized. It can be easily applied to a car wash wastewater treatment apparatus.
本発明の排水処理用凝集剤を使用することにより、COD除去率(実施例に記載された方法により求める)を大幅に高めることができる。 By using the wastewater treatment flocculant of the present invention, the COD removal rate (determined by the method described in Examples) can be significantly increased.
本発明の排水処理用凝集剤は、排水に対して100mg/Lの濃度にて添加し、10分間攪拌した後、静置沈降させた際の凝集フロックの沈降速度が0.3〜3.0cm/分であり、好ましくは0.5〜2.0cm/分のものである。 The flocculant for wastewater treatment of the present invention is added at a concentration of 100 mg / L to the wastewater, and after stirring for 10 minutes, the sedimentation rate of the flocs flocs when allowed to stand still is 0.3 to 3.0 cm. / Min, preferably 0.5 to 2.0 cm / min.
沈降速度が0.3cm/分以上であれば、沈降分離性が良く、沈殿槽の容積を小さくすることができ、3.0cm/分以下であれば、CODで評価される処理後の水質も良くなる。 If the sedimentation rate is 0.3 cm / min or more, the sedimentation property is good and the volume of the sedimentation tank can be reduced. If the sedimentation rate is 3.0 cm / min or less, the water quality after treatment evaluated by COD is also obtained. Get better.
また、本発明の排水処理用凝集剤は、攪拌部の槽容量がV1(m3)、沈殿部の槽容量がV2(m3)、沈殿部の沈降面積がA(m2)である凝集沈澱槽で凝集沈澱処理をするとき、下記の要件(a)〜(e)を満たすように処理するものである。 In the flocculant for wastewater treatment of the present invention, the tank capacity of the stirring part is V 1 (m 3 ), the tank capacity of the precipitation part is V 2 (m 3 ), and the sedimentation area of the precipitation part is A (m 2 ). When the coagulation precipitation treatment is performed in a certain coagulation sedimentation tank, the treatment is performed so as to satisfy the following requirements (a) to (e).
(a)排水に対して20〜200mg/Lの濃度にて攪拌部に添加する;
(b)処理量F(m3/Hr)にて処理する;
(c)V1/Fで表される攪拌部液平均滞留時間が5〜15分である;
(d)V2/Fで表される沈降部液平均滞留時間が10〜30分である;
(e)F/Aで表される水面積負荷が1〜10m/Hrである;
このように(a)〜(e)を満たすように処理することで、COD除去率を大幅に高めることができる。
(A) It adds to a stirring part with the density | concentration of 20-200 mg / L with respect to waste_water | drain;
(B) Process with a processing amount F (m 3 / Hr);
(C) agitating section water mean residence time expressed in V 1 / F is 5 to 15 min;
(D) V sedimentation section water mean residence time expressed in 2 / F is 10 to 30 minutes;
(E) The water area load represented by F / A is 1 to 10 m / Hr;
Thus, by processing so as to satisfy (a) to (e), the COD removal rate can be significantly increased.
本発明の排水処理用凝集剤は、ベントナイト(モンモリロナイト)を30〜60質量%含むものが好ましい。ベントナイトは、その主成分であるモンモリロナイトが、界面活性剤によりエマルション化された油分の吸着を行って、溶液粘度(排水の粘度)を低下させるように作用するもので、他の凝集剤成分に比べ密度も高いため、沈降性が良い点で優れている。 The flocculant for wastewater treatment of the present invention preferably contains 30 to 60% by mass of bentonite (montmorillonite). Bentonite acts to reduce the solution viscosity (viscosity of wastewater) by adsorbing the oil component emulsified with a surfactant, the main component of montmorillonite, compared to other flocculant components. Since the density is also high, it is excellent in terms of good sedimentation.
本発明の排水処理用凝集剤は、ベントナイト以外の残余の成分として、下記の有機凝集剤及び無機凝集剤から選択される成分を含むものが好ましい。 The flocculant for wastewater treatment of the present invention preferably contains a component selected from the following organic flocculants and inorganic flocculants as the remaining components other than bentonite.
ベントナイト以外の無機凝集剤としては、硫酸アルミニウム、ポリ塩化アルミニウム、塩化マグネシウム、塩化第二鉄、硫酸第一鉄、硫酸第二鉄、消石灰、ケイ酸ナトリウム、アルミン酸ナトリウム、アルミニウムミョウバン類等から選ばれる1種以上が挙げられる。これらの内でも硫酸アルミニウムが好ましい。 Inorganic flocculants other than bentonite are selected from aluminum sulfate, polyaluminum chloride, magnesium chloride, ferric chloride, ferrous sulfate, ferric sulfate, slaked lime, sodium silicate, sodium aluminate, aluminum alums, etc. 1 type or more to be mentioned. Of these, aluminum sulfate is preferred.
有機凝集剤としては、ポリ(メタ)アクリル酸エステルやポリ(メタ)アクリルアミド、(メタ)アクリル酸や(メタ)アクリルアミド等の親水性単量体を共重合させたアクリル系共重合体、アルギン酸ナトリウム、カルボキシメチルセルロースのナトリウム塩、マレイン酸共重合体、ポリ(メタ)アクリルアミド、リグニンスルホン酸ナトリウム、カ性デンプン、ポリオキシエチレン、(メタ)アクリル酸エステルや(メタ)アクリルアミドのアニオン性、カチオン性又はノニオン性の高分子凝集剤、(メタ)アクリル酸とアクリルアミドとの共重合体等のアニオン性、カチオン性又はノニオン性の高分子凝集剤、ポリアミン類、ポリジシアンジアミド類、カチオン化デンプン、カチオン性ポリ(メタ)アクリルアミド、水溶性アニリン樹脂、ポリチオ尿素、ポリエチレンイミン、第4級アンモニウム塩類、ポリビニルピリジン類、キトサン等のカチオン性高分子凝集剤、プロピレンジアミン等の低分子アミン凝集剤等が挙げられる。これらの中でも、ポリアクリルアミド、ポリアクリル酸エステル、アルギン酸ナトリウムが好ましく、カチオン性ポリアクリルアミド、アルギン酸ナトリウムが最も好ましい。 Examples of organic flocculants include poly (meth) acrylic acid esters, poly (meth) acrylamides, acrylic copolymers obtained by copolymerizing hydrophilic monomers such as (meth) acrylic acid and (meth) acrylamide, and sodium alginate. , Sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose, maleic acid copolymer, poly (meth) acrylamide, sodium lignin sulfonate, caustic starch, polyoxyethylene, (meth) acrylic acid ester and (meth) acrylamide anionic, cationic or Nonionic polymer flocculants, anionic, cationic or nonionic polymer flocculants such as copolymers of (meth) acrylic acid and acrylamide, polyamines, polydicyandiamides, cationized starch, cationic poly (Meth) acrylamide, water-soluble aniline tree , Polythiourea, polyethyleneimine, quaternary ammonium salts, polyvinyl pyridines, cationic polymer flocculants such as chitosan, low-molecular amine flocculants such as propylene diamine and the like. Among these, polyacrylamide, polyacrylic acid ester, and sodium alginate are preferable, and cationic polyacrylamide and sodium alginate are most preferable.
凝集剤の成分としてモンモリロナイトの含有割合は、好ましくは30〜60質量%、より好ましくは40〜55質量%、更に好ましくは45〜50質量%、モンモリロナイト以外の無機凝集剤は、好ましくは30〜60質量%、より好ましくは40〜55質量%、更に好ましくは45〜50質量%、有機凝集剤は、好ましくは1〜14質量%、より好ましくは2〜12質量%、更に好ましくは3〜10質量%である。 The content of montmorillonite as a component of the flocculant is preferably 30 to 60% by mass, more preferably 40 to 55% by mass, still more preferably 45 to 50% by mass, and the inorganic flocculant other than montmorillonite is preferably 30 to 60%. % By mass, more preferably 40 to 55% by mass, still more preferably 45 to 50% by mass, and the organic flocculant is preferably 1 to 14% by mass, more preferably 2 to 12% by mass, still more preferably 3 to 10% by mass. %.
次に、本発明の排水処理用凝集剤の好ましい配合例を例示する。 Next, the preferable compounding example of the flocculant for wastewater treatment of this invention is illustrated.
(1)配合例1
ベントナイト(モンモリロナイト) 30〜60質量%
硫酸アルミニウム 40〜60質量%
カチオン系ポリアクリルアミド 1〜8質量%
(2)配合例2
ベントナイト(モンモリロナイト) 30〜60質量%
硫酸第二鉄 40〜60質量%
カチオン系、アニオン系又はノニオン系ポリアクリルアミド 1〜10質量%
(3)配合例3
ベントナイト(モンモリロナイト) 30〜60質量%
硫酸アルミニウム 40〜60質量%
アルギン酸ナトリウム 1〜5質量%
カチオン系ポリアクリルアミド 1〜5質量%
本発明の排水処理用凝集剤は、粉末状乃至は粒子状のものであるが、排水中に投入した場合に速やかに崩壊できる程度であれば、圧縮成型等の方法を適用し、所望形状に成型することもできる。
(1) Formulation Example 1
Bentonite (montmorillonite) 30-60% by mass
Aluminum sulfate 40-60 mass%
Cationic polyacrylamide 1-8% by mass
(2) Formulation example 2
Bentonite (montmorillonite) 30-60% by mass
Ferric sulfate 40-60% by mass
Cationic, anionic or nonionic polyacrylamide 1-10% by mass
(3) Formulation Example 3
Bentonite (montmorillonite) 30-60% by mass
Aluminum sulfate 40-60 mass%
Sodium alginate 1-5% by mass
Cationic polyacrylamide 1-5% by mass
The wastewater treatment flocculant of the present invention is in the form of powder or particles, but if it can be rapidly disintegrated when put into wastewater, a method such as compression molding is applied to obtain a desired shape. It can also be molded.
本発明の排水処理用凝集剤の使用量は、処理対象となる排水の汚れの程度に応じて適宜設定するが、COD濃度が30〜300mg/L程度の排水に対し、排水中の凝集剤濃度が20〜200mg/L程度になるように添加すれば良い。 The amount of the flocculant for wastewater treatment of the present invention is appropriately set according to the degree of dirt of the wastewater to be treated, but for the wastewater whose COD concentration is about 30 to 300 mg / L, the concentration of the flocculant in the wastewater May be added so as to be about 20 to 200 mg / L.
本発明の排水処理用凝集剤を使用する場合、処理対象となる排水に対して、所要量の全部を一度に投入する方法、所要量を連続投入する方法、所要量を複数回に分けて分割投入する方法を適用できる。 When using the flocculant for wastewater treatment of the present invention, a method for supplying all of the required amount at once to a wastewater to be treated, a method for continuously supplying the required amount, and dividing the required amount into multiple times Applying method can be applied.
本発明の排水処理用凝集剤は、各種排水処理施設、処理装置用の凝集剤として適用できるものであり、特に凝集剤用の設備面積を小さくできるので、処理装置を小型化する上で有用である。 The flocculant for wastewater treatment of the present invention can be applied as a flocculant for various wastewater treatment facilities and treatment equipment, and can be particularly useful for downsizing the treatment equipment because the equipment area for the flocculant can be reduced. is there.
本発明の排水処理用凝集剤は、油分や洗浄剤を含む排水処理、家庭、プールや浴場から排出される排水、洗米のとぎ汁、糖やタンパク質等を含有する食品工場排水処理、浄水処理、処理汚濁の程度が大きな天然水の浄水処理にも適用できる。 The flocculant for wastewater treatment of the present invention is a wastewater treatment containing oil and cleaning agents, wastewater discharged from households, pools and bathhouses, food factory wastewater treatment containing squeezed rice juice, sugar and protein, water purification treatment, treatment It can also be applied to the purification of natural water with a high degree of pollution.
以下に、実施例に基づいて本発明をより詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例によって限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
(1)沈降速度
沈降速度は、測定排水1Lの入った1Lビーカーに100mg/Lの濃度で凝集剤を投入し、160回転/分で10分間攪拌した直後に存在する凝集フロックの80%が、水面よりHcm沈降して底に堆積するまでの時間Tをもとに、H/Tで算出した。具体的には、攪拌した直後と各沈降時間における水面下Hcmの地点における濁度を調べ、濁度が80%減少した際の時間Tと沈降距離Hを測定して上式にて算出した。なお、濁度は、濁度計(TURBIDIMETER 2100P:HACH社製)により測定した。
(1) Sedimentation rate The sedimentation rate is 80% of the aggregate flocs present immediately after stirring the flocculant at a concentration of 100 mg / L in a 1 L beaker containing 1 L of measurement wastewater and stirring at 160 rpm. Based on the time T until Hcm settled from the water surface and deposited on the bottom, it was calculated as H / T. Specifically, the turbidity at the point of Hcm below the surface of the water immediately after stirring and at each sedimentation time was examined, and the time T and sedimentation distance H when the turbidity decreased by 80% were measured and calculated by the above formula. The turbidity was measured with a turbidimeter (TURBIDIMETER 2100P: manufactured by HACH).
(2)COD除去率
洗車排水のCOD濃度をX、凝集沈澱処理後(例えば、凝集沈降槽の沈降槽からの上澄水)のCOD濃度をYとし、COD除去率を(1−Y/X)×100と定義して、算出した。
(2) COD removal rate The COD concentration of the car wash wastewater is X, the COD concentration after the coagulation sedimentation treatment (for example, the supernatant water from the sedimentation tank of the coagulation sedimentation tank) is Y, and the COD removal rate is (1-Y / X) It was defined as x100 and calculated.
なお、COD濃度は、排水(原水)及び上澄み液2mlをCOD試薬バイアル(Cat.21259-25;0〜1,500mg/L用;HACH社製)に投入し、150℃にて2時間加熱した後、冷却し、HACH社製の水質分析計(DR/2010)により測定した。 Regarding COD concentration, 2 ml of waste water (raw water) and supernatant were put into a COD reagent vial (Cat. 21259-25; 0 to 1,500 mg / L; manufactured by HACH) and heated at 150 ° C. for 2 hours. Then, it cooled and measured with the water quality analyzer (DR / 2010) made from HACH.
(3)排水処理実験
以下の凝集沈澱処理部、膜分離処理部及び高度処理部からなる排水再利用装置をガソリンスタンド内の洗車機横に設置し、処理量(凝集沈澱処理部における処理量)Fを2.4m3/H(比較例3以外。比較例3は9.6m3/Hr)に設定し、洗車排水処理を行った。
(3) Wastewater treatment experiment A wastewater recycling device consisting of the following coagulation / sedimentation processing unit, membrane separation processing unit and advanced processing unit was installed beside the car washer in the gas station, and the amount treated (the amount treated in the coagulation / sedimentation processing unit). F was set to 2.4 m 3 / H (other than Comparative Example 3; Comparative Example 3 was 9.6 m 3 / Hr), and car wash drainage treatment was performed.
(凝集沈殿処理部)
攪拌槽、沈殿槽、膜原水貯留槽の3槽からなるA〜Dタイプの凝集沈澱槽を使用した。
(Coagulation sedimentation processing section)
A to D type coagulation sedimentation tanks comprising three tanks, a stirring tank, a sedimentation tank, and a membrane raw water storage tank, were used.
Aタイプ
攪拌槽容量(V1):0.4m3、沈澱槽容量(V2):0.6m3、沈降槽の沈降面積(A):0.5m2、膜原水貯留槽:0.2m3
Bタイプ
攪拌槽容量(V1):0.3m3、沈澱槽容量(V2):0.5m3、沈降槽の沈降面積(A):0.3m2、膜原水貯留槽:0.2m3
Cタイプ
攪拌槽容量(V1):0.5m3、沈澱槽容量(V2):0.7m3、沈降槽の沈降面積(A):1.0m2、膜原水貯留槽:0.2m3
凝集剤は、粉体供給機により攪拌槽に投入した。投入量は、排水に対し100mg/Lに設定した。
A type stirring tank capacity (V 1 ): 0.4 m 3 , sedimentation tank capacity (V 2 ): 0.6 m 3 , sedimentation area (A) of the sedimentation tank: 0.5 m 2 , membrane raw water storage tank: 0.2 m 3
B type stirring vessel volume (V 1): 0.3m 3, precipitation tank volume (V 2): 0.5m 3, sedimentation area of the sedimentation tank (A): 0.3m 2, film raw water storage tank: 0.2 m 3
C type stirring tank capacity (V 1 ): 0.5 m 3 , sedimentation tank capacity (V 2 ): 0.7 m 3 , sedimentation area (A) of the sedimentation tank: 1.0 m 2 , membrane raw water storage tank: 0.2 m 3
The flocculant was charged into the stirring tank by a powder feeder. The input amount was set to 100 mg / L with respect to the waste water.
なお、膜分離処理部として、酢酸セルロース中空糸膜モジュール(膜面積16m2、分画分子量:15万)3本を用い、膜間差圧は15〜25kPaに維持した。高度処理部として、活性炭(CW130A、二村化学工業(株)製)を充填したカラムを用いた。 In addition, as the membrane separation processing unit, three cellulose acetate hollow fiber membrane modules (membrane area 16 m 2 , fractional molecular weight: 150,000) were used, and the transmembrane pressure difference was maintained at 15 to 25 kPa. A column packed with activated carbon (CW130A, manufactured by Nimura Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) was used as the advanced processing section.
実施例1
ベントナイト(ホージュン製)47質量%、硫酸アルミニウム(浅田化学工業製)49質量%、カチオン系ポリアクリルアミド(三井サイテック社製、アコフロックC486)4質量%の各成分を混合し、排水処理用凝集剤1を得た。
Example 1
Each component of 47% by weight of bentonite (manufactured by Hojun), 49% by weight of aluminum sulfate (manufactured by Asada Chemical Co., Ltd.), and 4% by weight of cationic polyacrylamide (manufactured by Mitsui Cytec Co., Ltd., Akofloc C486) is mixed to obtain a flocculant 1 for wastewater treatment. Got.
この凝集剤1を用い、Aタイプの凝集沈澱槽を用いて、洗車排水(平均COD値63mg/L,平均濁度16NTU)の処理を行った。処理後のCOD除去率を表1に示す。 Using this flocculating agent 1, car wash wastewater (average COD value 63 mg / L, average turbidity 16 NTU) was processed using an A-type flocculation sedimentation tank. Table 1 shows the COD removal rate after the treatment.
実施例2
ベントナイト(ホージュン製)50質量%、硫酸アルミニウム(浅田化学工業製)45質量%、カチオン系ポリメタクリル酸エステル(三井サイテック社製、アコフロックA130)5質量%の各成分を混合し、排水処理用凝集剤2を得た。
Example 2
50% by mass of bentonite (manufactured by Hojun), 45% by mass of aluminum sulfate (manufactured by Asada Chemical Co., Ltd.), and 5% by mass of cationic polymethacrylic acid ester (manufactured by Mitsui Cytec Co., Ltd., Akofloc A130) are mixed and coagulated for wastewater treatment. Agent 2 was obtained.
この凝集剤2を用い、Aタイプの凝集沈澱槽を用いて、上記の通り洗車排水(平均COD値53mg/L,平均濁度13NTU)の処理を行った。処理後のCOD除去率を表1に示す。 Using this flocculant 2, the car wash wastewater (average COD value 53 mg / L, average turbidity 13 NTU) was treated as described above using an A type coagulation sedimentation tank. Table 1 shows the COD removal rate after the treatment.
実施例3
ベントナイト(ホージュン製)45質量%、硫酸第二鉄(和光純薬製)50質量%、ノニオン性ポリアクリルアミド(三井サイテック社製、アコフロックN100)5質量%の各成分を混合し、排水処理用凝集剤3を得た。
Example 3
Each component of 45% by weight of bentonite (manufactured by Hojun), 50% by weight of ferric sulfate (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries), and 5% by weight of nonionic polyacrylamide (manufactured by Mitsui Cytec Co., Ltd., Akofloc N100) is mixed and agglomerated for wastewater treatment. Agent 3 was obtained.
この凝集剤3を用い、Aタイプの凝集沈澱槽を用いて、上記の通り洗車排水(平均COD値71mg/L,平均濁度23NTU)の処理を行った。処理後のCOD除去率を表1に示す。 Using this flocculant 3, the car wash wastewater (average COD value 71 mg / L, average turbidity 23 NTU) was treated as described above using an A type coagulation sedimentation tank. Table 1 shows the COD removal rate after the treatment.
実施例4
ベントナイト(ホージュン製)48質量%、硫酸アルミニウム(和光純薬製)48質量%、アルギン酸ナトリウム(アルギテックスL,キミカ製)2質量%、カチオン系ポリアクリルアミド(アコフロックC486)2質量%の各成分を混合し、排水処理用凝集剤4を得た
この凝集剤4を用い、Aタイプの凝集沈澱槽を用いて、上記の通り洗車排水(平均COD値81mg/L,平均濁度25NTU)の処理を行った。処理後のCOD除去率を表1に示す。
Example 4
48% by mass of bentonite (manufactured by Hojun), 48% by mass of aluminum sulfate (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries), 2% by mass of sodium alginate (manufactured by Argitex L, Kimika), and 2% by mass of cationic polyacrylamide (Acoflock C486) Mixing to obtain a flocculant 4 for wastewater treatment Using this flocculant 4, the treatment of car wash wastewater (average COD value 81 mg / L, average turbidity 25 NTU) as described above using an A type coagulation sedimentation tank. went. Table 1 shows the COD removal rate after the treatment.
実施例5
実施例4で使用した凝集剤4を用い、Bタイプの凝集沈澱槽を用いて、上記の通り洗車排水(平均COD値68mg/L,平均濁度17NTU)の処理を行った。処理後のCOD除去率を表1に示す。
Example 5
Using the flocculant 4 used in Example 4, a B-type flocculent sedimentation tank was used to treat car wash wastewater (average COD value 68 mg / L, average turbidity 17 NTU). Table 1 shows the COD removal rate after the treatment.
実施例6
実施例4で使用した凝集剤4を用い、Cタイプの凝集沈澱槽を用いて、上記の通り洗車排水(COD値72mg/L,濁度19NTU)の処理を行った。処理後のCOD除去率を表1に示す。
Example 6
Using the flocculant 4 used in Example 4, a C-type coagulation sedimentation tank was used to treat car wash wastewater (COD value 72 mg / L, turbidity 19 NTU). Table 1 shows the COD removal rate after the treatment.
比較例1
硫酸アルミニウム(浅田化学工業製)90質量%、カチオン系ポリアクリルアミド(アコフロックC486)10質量%の各成分を混合し、排水処理用凝集剤5を得た。
Comparative Example 1
Each component of 90% by mass of aluminum sulfate (manufactured by Asada Chemical Co., Ltd.) and 10% by mass of cationic polyacrylamide (Akofloc C486) was mixed to obtain flocculant 5 for wastewater treatment.
この凝集剤5を用い、Aタイプの凝集沈澱槽を用いて、上記の通り洗車排水(COD値76mg/L,濁度17NTU)の処理を行った。処理後のCOD除去率を表1に示す。 Using this flocculating agent 5, car wash wastewater (COD value 76 mg / L, turbidity 17 NTU) was treated as described above using an A type coagulation sedimentation tank. Table 1 shows the COD removal rate after the treatment.
比較例2
硫酸アルミニウム(浅田化学工業製)10質量%、カチオン系ポリアクリルアミド(アコフロックC486)90質量%の各成分を混合し、排水処理用凝集剤6を得た。
Comparative Example 2
Each component of 10% by mass of aluminum sulfate (manufactured by Asada Chemical Co., Ltd.) and 90% by mass of cationic polyacrylamide (Acofloc C486) was mixed to obtain flocculant 6 for wastewater treatment.
この凝集剤6を用い、Aタイプの凝集沈澱槽を用いて、上記の通り洗車排水(COD値73mg/L,濁度20NTU)の処理を行った。処理後のCOD除去率を表1に示す。また、この排水中での上記凝集剤添加量100mg/Lにおける沈降速度は0.2cm/分であった。 Using this flocculant 6, the car waste water (COD value 73 mg / L, turbidity 20 NTU) was treated as described above using an A type coagulation sedimentation tank. Table 1 shows the COD removal rate after the treatment. Moreover, the sedimentation speed in the waste water at the above-mentioned coagulant addition amount of 100 mg / L was 0.2 cm / min.
比較例3
実施例4で使用した凝集剤4を用い、Aタイプの凝集沈澱槽を用いて、処理量を9.6m3/Hrにして、上記の通り洗車排水(COD値69mg/L,濁度18NTU)の処理を行った。処理後のCOD除去率を表1に示す。
Comparative Example 3
Using the flocculant 4 used in Example 4, using a type A coagulation sedimentation tank, the treatment amount was 9.6 m 3 / Hr, and the car wash wastewater (COD value 69 mg / L, turbidity 18 NTU) as described above. Was processed. Table 1 shows the COD removal rate after the treatment.
表1から明らかなとおり、実施例1〜4と比較例1、2の比較から、凝集フロックの沈降速度が0.3〜3.0cm/分であることにより、比較的高いCOD除去率が得られた。 As is apparent from Table 1, a comparatively high COD removal rate was obtained by comparing the Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 when the sedimentation rate of the aggregated floc was 0.3 to 3.0 cm / min. It was.
また、実施例4〜6と比較例3の比較から、本発明の凝集剤は、V1/Fで表される攪拌部液平均滞留時間が5〜15分、V2/Fで表される沈降部液平均滞留時間が10〜30分、F/Aで表される水面積負荷が1〜10m/Hrとなるように排水を処理量F(m3/Hr)にて処理することにより、比較的高いCOD除去率が得られた。 From the comparison of Examples 4 to 6 and Comparative Example 3, the flocculant of the present invention is represented by V 15 / F, and the stirring part liquid average residence time represented by V 1 / F is represented by V 2 / F. By treating the waste water at a treatment amount F (m 3 / Hr) such that the sedimentation part liquid average residence time is 10 to 30 minutes and the water area load represented by F / A is 1 to 10 m / Hr, A relatively high COD removal rate was obtained.
実施例5ではBタイプの凝集沈殿槽を使用し、比較例1、2ではAタイプの凝集沈殿槽を使用しているが、容量はAタイプの凝集沈殿槽の方が大きいから、本発明の凝集剤を使用することにより、処理能力を高めた上に、凝集沈殿槽をより小型化できるようになる。
In Example 5, a B type coagulation sedimentation tank is used, and in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, an A type coagulation sedimentation tank is used. However, since the capacity of the A type coagulation sedimentation tank is larger, By using the flocculant, it is possible to increase the processing capacity and further reduce the size of the coagulation sedimentation tank.
Claims (4)
(1)配合例1
ベントナイト(モンモリロナイト) 30〜60質量%
硫酸アルミニウム 40〜60質量%
カチオン系ポリアクリルアミド 1〜8質量%
(2)配合例2
ベントナイト(モンモリロナイト) 30〜60質量%
硫酸第二鉄 40〜60質量%
カチオン系、アニオン系又はノニオン系ポリアクリルアミド 1〜10質量%
(3)配合例3
ベントナイト(モンモリロナイト) 30〜60質量%
硫酸アルミニウム 40〜60質量%
アルギン酸ナトリウム 1〜5質量%
カチオン系ポリアクリルアミド 1〜5質量% A flocculant for removing COD components in wastewater, which was added at a concentration of 100 mg / L to wastewater having a COD concentration of 30 to 300 mg / L, stirred for 10 minutes, and then allowed to settle. A coagulant for wastewater treatment selected from the following Formulation Examples 1 to 3, wherein the settling rate of the aggregated floc is 0.3 to 3.0 cm / min.
(1) Formulation Example 1
Bentonite (montmorillonite) 30-60% by mass
Aluminum sulfate 40-60 mass%
Cationic polyacrylamide 1-8% by mass
(2) Formulation example 2
Bentonite (montmorillonite) 30-60% by mass
Ferric sulfate 40-60% by mass
Cationic, anionic or nonionic polyacrylamide 1-10% by mass
(3) Formulation Example 3
Bentonite (montmorillonite) 30-60% by mass
Aluminum sulfate 40-60 mass%
Sodium alginate 1-5% by mass
Cationic polyacrylamide 1-5% by mass
(1)配合例1
ベントナイト(モンモリロナイト) 30〜60質量%
硫酸アルミニウム 40〜60質量%
カチオン系ポリアクリルアミド 1〜8質量%
(2)配合例2
ベントナイト(モンモリロナイト) 30〜60質量%
硫酸第二鉄 40〜60質量%
カチオン系、アニオン系又はノニオン系ポリアクリルアミド 1〜10質量%
(3)配合例3
ベントナイト(モンモリロナイト) 30〜60質量%
硫酸アルミニウム 40〜60質量%
アルギン酸ナトリウム 1〜5質量%
カチオン系ポリアクリルアミド 1〜5質量%
(a)排水に対して20〜200mg/Lの濃度にて攪拌部に添加する;
(b)処理量F(m3/Hr)にて処理する;
(c)V1/Fで表される攪拌部液平均滞留時間が5〜15分である;
(d)V2/Fで表される沈殿部平均滞留時間が10〜30分である;
(e)F/Aで表される水面積負荷が1〜10m/Hrである; A flocculant for wastewater treatment selected from the following formulation examples 1 to 3, wherein the tank capacity of the stirring part is V 1 (m 3 ), the tank capacity of the precipitation part is V 2 (m 3 ), and the sedimentation area of the precipitation part is A flocculant for wastewater treatment, which is treated so as to satisfy the following requirements (a) to (e) when the coagulation sedimentation treatment is performed in the coagulation sedimentation tank which is A (m 2 ).
(1) Formulation Example 1
Bentonite (montmorillonite) 30-60% by mass
Aluminum sulfate 40-60 mass%
Cationic polyacrylamide 1-8% by mass
(2) Formulation example 2
Bentonite (montmorillonite) 30-60% by mass
Ferric sulfate 40-60% by mass
Cationic, anionic or nonionic polyacrylamide 1-10% by mass
(3) Formulation Example 3
Bentonite (montmorillonite) 30-60% by mass
Aluminum sulfate 40-60 mass%
Sodium alginate 1-5% by mass
Cationic polyacrylamide 1-5% by mass
(A) It adds to a stirring part with the density | concentration of 20-200 mg / L with respect to waste_water | drain;
(B) Process with a processing amount F (m 3 / Hr);
(C) agitating section water mean residence time expressed in V 1 / F is 5 to 15 min;
(D) V precipitates section average residence time represented by 2 / F is 10 to 30 minutes;
(E) The water area load represented by F / A is 1 to 10 m / Hr;
攪拌部の槽容量(VTank capacity (V 11 )が0.4m) Is 0.4m 33 、沈殿部の槽容量(V, Tank capacity (V 22 )が0.6m) Is 0.6m 33 、沈殿部の沈降面積(A)が0.5mThe sedimentation area (A) of the sedimentation part is 0.5m 22 、,
攪拌部の槽容量(VTank capacity (V 11 )が0.3m) Is 0.3m 33 、沈殿部の槽容量(V, Tank capacity (V 22 )が0.5m) Is 0.5m 33 、沈殿部の沈降面積(A)が0.3mThe sedimentation area (A) of the sedimentation part is 0.3 m 22 、及び,as well as
攪拌部の槽容量(VTank capacity (V 11 )が0.5m) Is 0.5m 33 、沈殿部の槽容量(V, Tank capacity (V 22 )が0.7m) Is 0.7m 33 、沈殿部の沈降面積(A)が1.0mThe sedimentation area (A) of the sedimentation part is 1.0 m 22 のいずれかの組み合わせから選ばれるものである、請求項2記載の排水処理用凝集剤。The flocculant for wastewater treatment according to claim 2, which is selected from any combination of the following.
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