JP4154469B2 - Virtual 3D map generation system - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a three-dimensional map generation system that generates a virtual three-dimensional electronic map.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, map output based on electronic map data has been utilized. A three-dimensional map that three-dimensionally represents features on the map has also been proposed. Providing a strict 3D model for all features is laborious and difficult in practice, and it has been proposed to construct a 3D map with a simplified model. (For example, the technique described in JP-A-11-149571). In this technology, columnar 3D structure data having a house frame included in 2D map data as a bottom is generated, and a part thereof is converted into detailed 3D structure data stored in advance according to a user's specification. By replacing it, it is possible to generate a highly realistic three-dimensional map with a light load.
[0003]
One practical use of 3D maps is in city planning. The validity of the plan can be examined by creating a virtual three-dimensional map when building a new building in a new city or a city that already exists. The three-dimensional map has an advantage that each building is represented with a height, so that it is possible to easily grasp sunlight and scenery.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the conventional technique is not suitable for creating a virtual three-dimensional map used for such a plan for the following reason. First, in order to generate a three-dimensional map, it was assumed that a two-dimensional map exists. In the case of a new city, the land for construction was only divided at best, and the shape of the bottom area of the building had to be generated separately. Secondly, there are various regulations for building construction, such as a regulation for guaranteeing sufficient sunshine in a house adjacent to the north side depending on the surrounding conditions and the like. In the prior art, such restrictions are not fully taken into account, and there is a possibility that an unrealistic virtual three-dimensional map is generated.
[0005]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to make it possible to generate a realistic virtual three-dimensional map that can be used for city planning.
[0006]
[Means for solving the problems and their functions and effects]
In order to solve at least a part of the above problems, in the present invention, a three-dimensional map generation system that generates a virtual three-dimensional electronic map is configured as follows. In the system, electronic map data storing a plurality of positions and shapes of land frames in which buildings are to be arranged is prepared in a virtual space. In addition, a generation condition database is prepared for storing the regulation conditions to be satisfied by the building to be built for each land frame in association with each other. The electronic map data and the generation condition database may be stored in the three-dimensional map generation system, may be provided on a CD-ROM or other medium, or distributed from a server prepared outside via a network. May be. The 3D map generation system generates a 3D electronic map by generating 3D model data of a building on each land frame within a range that satisfies the regulatory conditions with reference to the electronic map data and the generation condition database. .
[0007]
The electronic map data may be data representing an actual land frame or the like, or may be virtual map data representing a virtually set land frame or the like. The virtual map data includes a map in which a change expected in the near future is performed on an actual map. Examples of such maps include maps reflecting mountain reclamation, land reclamation and reclamation, land readjustment, new road construction, and the like.
[0008]
According to the present invention, it is possible to generate a three-dimensional model of a building that satisfies predetermined regulatory conditions for each land frame defined by the electronic map data. Therefore, a realistic virtual three-dimensional map that can be used for city planning can be obtained. Utilization for city planning can take various forms. For example, it can be used for simulations for examining the occurrence of disasters and excessive or insufficient shelters in the event of a natural disaster such as rain, lightning, earthquake, or the like. It can also be used to simulate the flow and volume of people and cars during commuting and other times. A virtual life simulation or the like may be performed by performing a walk-through display as if walking in a virtual three-dimensional map.
[0009]
Examples of the regulation condition include a distance from a road, a distance from a neighboring house, a building coverage ratio, and a floor area ratio. You may include the building data which specifies the kind of building, and the conditions about the arrangement and size of the land frame. These conditions may include not only conditions stipulated by laws and regulations such as the Building Standard Law and the Fire Service Law but also conditions that should be considered empirically during normal construction. As the latter condition, for example,
・ Set the shape of the building so that the south side is widely secured;
・ Consider the layout of buildings so that parking can be secured on the side facing the road;
And other conditions.
[0010]
In the present invention, the three-dimensional model data can be generated by various procedures. For example, based on the regulation conditions, first, a two-dimensional building frame representing the bottom surface of the building is generated in the land frame, and then columnar three-dimensional model data having the building frame as the bottom surface is generated. Procedures may be taken. This method has an advantage that three-dimensional model data can be easily generated once a two-dimensional building frame is set. The columnar three-dimensional model data can be defined by, for example, translating a building frame in the height direction according to the height information of the building.
[0011]
In many cases, the shape and arrangement of the building frame are not uniquely determined only by the regulation conditions described above. Therefore, in the said aspect, you may provide conditions with a priority lower than a regulation condition as a setting rule which should be considered when setting a building frame. For example,
・ Set the shape of the building frame to maximize the bottom area within the allowable range;
-The shape of the building frame shall be rectangular;
And other conditions. These conditions do not necessarily have to be satisfied because the priority is low, and it is sufficient to consider them in a limited manner when the building frame cannot be set only by the regulation conditions.
[0012]
As the 3D model data, prepared 3D model data (hereinafter referred to as “basic model”) is prepared according to the type of building, and according to the type of building associated with each land frame. Thus, the basic model may be generated by arranging in the virtual space.
[0013]
By doing so, various 3D model data corresponding to the type of building can be easily generated, and the reality of the 3D map can be improved. As a kind of building, a general house, a building, a condominium, a store, etc. are mentioned, for example. It is preferable to change the orientation of the basic model so that it conforms to the land frame. A separate setting rule for changing the orientation may be provided. For example,
・ Building walls shall be parallel to the road;
-Place the entrance on the side facing the road;
Etc.
[0014]
When the basic model is used, it is preferable to deform and arrange the basic model so as to satisfy the regulation conditions. Such deformation includes, for example, size change and shape change of the basic model. It is preferable to include deformation that expands and contracts in one wall direction of the basic model or expands and contracts in the height direction. By doing so, it is possible to generate a three-dimensional map that satisfies the regulation conditions without preparing a large number of basic models having different sizes and shapes.
[0015]
Thus, when the deformation | transformation of a basic model is permitted, it may become an unrealistic building depending on the degree of a deformation | transformation. In order to avoid such adverse effects, it is preferable that an allowable range of deformation is defined in advance in the basic model, and the basic model is deformed within the allowable range. The allowable range of deformation can be set in various forms such as an allowable ratio of expansion and contraction and a dimension capable of expansion and contraction.
[0016]
In the generation of 3D model data using the basic model, if the orientation is specified in the virtual space, the allowable range of the direction to be arranged with respect to the basic model is specified, and the basic within the allowable range. It is preferable to arrange the model. For example, for a basic model in which the floor plan is taken into consideration so that the entrance is to the south, an arrangement up to about 45 degrees east and west with the south facing as the center can be set as an allowable range. By doing so, it is possible to generate a three-dimensional map based on the floor plan of the basic model, and the reality can be further improved.
[0017]
When roads are defined in the virtual space, it is preferable to place the basic model in consideration of the positional relationship between the land frame and the roads. For example, the entrance can be arranged on the side facing the road, or the arrangement of the building can be changed depending on whether it is a corner lot or not. Such arrangement can be realized by, for example, prescribing a general arrangement rule that associates the positional relationship of the road with respect to the land frame and the arrangement method of the building on the land frame, and refers to this arrangement rule. is there. It is not necessary to use such an arrangement rule, and the building may be arranged so that the distance between the road and the building is maximized within a range allowed in the land frame.
[0018]
The generation of the three-dimensional model data does not need to use either a columnar model or a basic model, and may be used in combination. For example, after generating a columnar model, replacement with a basic model may be appropriately performed according to an instruction from an operator. In addition, after placing the basic model, a columnar model may be generated for a land frame for which no suitable basic model exists.
[0019]
The present invention can be configured in various modes in addition to the three-dimensional map generation system. You may comprise as a 3D map production | generation method which produces | generates 3D map data with a computer, the computer program which makes a computer implement | achieve the function for producing | generating a 3D map, and the computer readable which recorded this computer program It may be configured as a simple recording medium. In this case, as a recording medium, a flexible disk, a CD-ROM, a DVD, a magneto-optical disk, an IC card, a ROM cartridge, a punch card, a printed matter on which a code such as a bar code is printed, an internal storage device of a computer (RAM or ROM Etc.) and various media that can be read by a computer, such as an external storage device.
[0020]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in the following order.
A. System configuration:
B. 2D map database:
C. Generation condition database:
D. Basic model database:
E. Frame generation rules:
F. Virtual 3D map generation processing:
[0021]
A. System configuration:
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration of a virtual three-dimensional map generation system as an embodiment. The virtual three-dimensional generation system is a system that constructs a three-dimensional map that three-dimensionally represents buildings and other features in a virtual three-dimensional space configured as electronic data. The virtual three-dimensional generation system of the present embodiment does not generate a three-dimensional map that exactly represents the actual cityscape. It creates a three-dimensional map that represents a fictitious cityscape, such as an emerging city in the planning stage. It is also possible to generate a 3D map based on a 2D map representing an existing cityscape. In this case, the overall appearance of the 3D map is close to the existing cityscape, but individual buildings are real. It represents a fictitious cityscape of a different level.
[0022]
The virtual 3D map generation system includes a generation server 100 and a client CL connected to the Internet INT. The client CL is a general-purpose personal computer having a network communication function, and functions as a terminal device that performs command transmission, result output, and the like. The client CL is installed with software and a browser for browsing HTML (Hyper Text Mark-up Language) files and the like. The client displays the interface screen provided from the generation server 100 in a format such as an HTML file, inputs a command, and the like through the browser, and realizes a function as a terminal device. Depending on the data format of the virtual three-dimensional map provided from the generation server 100, browsing software may be plugged into the browser.
[0023]
The configuration shown in FIG. 1 is merely an example, and the virtual three-dimensional map generation system is not limited to this. For example, the client CL and the generation server 100 may be integrally configured. The function of the generation server 100 may be realized by distributed processing of a large number of servers. Instead of the Internet INT, the generation server 100 and the client CL may be connected using a limited network such as an intranet or a LAN (Local Area Network) or other communication lines.
[0024]
In FIG. 1, the functional blocks of the generation server 100 are also shown. Since the generation server 100 is a kind of computer, the functional blocks of the present embodiment are configured by software by installing a predetermined computer program. At least a part of these functional blocks may be configured by hardware using a dedicated circuit or the like.
[0025]
The communication unit 102 manages communication via a network. When the client CL is configured integrally with the generation server 100, the communication unit 102 may be omitted.
[0026]
The interface providing unit 104 provides an interface screen to be displayed on the client CL for command input, 3D map output, and the like. These interface screens are stored in advance in the interface providing unit 104 in a format such as an HTML file.
[0027]
The virtual map generation unit 140 generates a three-dimensional map according to an instruction from the client CL. The generated three-dimensional map is provided to the client CL via the communication unit 102. In this embodiment, a basic three-dimensional model (hereinafter referred to as a basic model) prepared in advance is generated (hereinafter referred to as a “basic model arrangement method”), and two-dimensional map data is generated. A 3D map is generated by using two types of methods (hereinafter referred to as “automatic generation method”) that generate a columnar model based on the bottom shape of a building (hereinafter referred to as “building frame”). To do.
[0028]
Although both methods can be used in various ways, in this embodiment, in order to increase the reality of the 3D map, the basic model placement method is preferentially used, and the land frame that cannot be modeled by the basic model placement method. The automatic generation method was applied to Conversely, modeling may be prioritized by the automatic generation method, and the columnar model may be replaced with a basic model in accordance with a user instruction or the like. Furthermore, either the basic model placement method or the automatic generation method may be selectively used according to a user instruction.
[0029]
In order to generate a three-dimensional map, the generation server 100 is provided with three types of databases: a two-dimensional map database 110, a generation condition database 120, and a basic model database 130. The two-dimensional map database 110 accumulates two-dimensional map data for a district where a three-dimensional map is to be generated. In this map data, at least the shape of the land (hereinafter referred to as “land frame”) for placing the building is defined. A building frame may be defined together. The two-dimensional map data may be prepared in advance in the generation server 100 or may be provided from the client CL. The map data management unit 111 manages access to the two-dimensional map database 110.
[0030]
The generation condition database 120 records generation conditions that should be satisfied when generating a three-dimensional model of a building for each land frame. This condition will be described later. The generation condition management unit 121 adds a condition to the generation condition database 120 and extracts a generation condition from the generation condition database 120.
[0031]
The basic model database 130 records a basic three-dimensional model of a building. For example, a model representing a typical shape for a house, a model for a building, and the like are recorded. The basic model database 130 may be provided from an external server by a house maker or the like. The basic model deformation unit 131 extracts and deforms a basic model from the basic model database 130.
[0032]
The basic model arrangement unit 150 realizes modeling by the basic model arrangement method described above with reference to the above three databases. Modeling is performed by placing a basic model on a land frame given as a two-dimensional map so as to satisfy the generation conditions. If the arrangement on the land frame is not uniquely determined only by the generation conditions, the basic model arrangement unit 150 arranges the basic model in consideration of the arrangement rules 151 prepared in advance. In addition, since the basic model does not necessarily fit all land frames, the basic model deforming unit 131 appropriately modifies the size or the like of the basic model.
[0033]
The columnar model generation unit 162 and the building frame generation unit 160 realize modeling by the automatic generation method described above with reference to the two-dimensional map database 110 and the generation condition database 120. First, the building frame generation unit 160 generates a building frame with reference to the generation conditions for the land frame given as a two-dimensional map. When the building frame cannot be uniquely defined only by the generation conditions, the frame generation rule 161 prepared in advance is also considered. In the two-dimensional map data, the processing of the building frame generation unit 160 may be omitted for a land frame for which a building frame has already been defined. Thus, when the building frame is defined, the columnar model generation unit 162 generates a columnar three-dimensional model with the building frame as a bottom surface while referring to the generation condition.
[0034]
B. 2D map database:
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of the two-dimensional map database 110. The image of the two-dimensional map is shown in the upper part of the figure, and the data structure is illustrated in the lower part. As shown in the figure, the shape of a polygon representing the land frames PL1 to PL9, roads R1, R2, etc. is defined by the latitude and longitude of the two-dimensional map. By using latitude and longitude, the directions of east, west, south, and north are also defined in the virtual space.
[0035]
In the data structure, land frame polygons and road polygons are recorded separately in different layers, a land frame layer and a road layer. In the land frame layer, for each land frame ID assigned to each land frame, data such as a shape and a surrounding road are recorded in association with each other. The shape data is a set of latitude and longitude of each vertex constituting the land frame. For example, for the land frame PL1, the latitude Lat1 and longitude Lon1 of the vertex P1; the latitude and longitude of the vertex P2 are recorded up to the vertex P4 in this order. As for the data of the surrounding road, the ID of the road adjacent to the land frame is recorded. In the land frame layer, information such as an address and an owner may be recorded as attribute data for each land frame.
[0036]
In the road layer, data such as a shape and a surrounding land frame are recorded in association with each road ID assigned to each road. The shape data is a set of the latitude and longitude of each vertex constituting the road polygon, similar to the shape data of the land frame. For example, for the road R1, the latitude and longitude of each vertex of a rectangle indicated by hatching in the figure are sequentially recorded. In the surrounding land frame data, the ID of the land frame adjacent to the road is recorded. In the road layer, the road type, traffic regulation, and other information may be recorded as attribute data for each road.
[0037]
C. Generation condition database:
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of the generation condition database 120. The generation condition database records, as a generation condition, a condition that should be satisfied when a building is built, and is recorded as one record for each land frame. The land frame ID is used as a key for identifying each record.
[0038]
In this embodiment, the generation conditions are broadly managed according to legal regulations and user settings. Legal regulations refer to regulations stipulated in laws that should be complied with when constructing buildings, such as the Building Standard Law and the Fire Service Law. Such regulations include, for example, the texture, land area, building coverage ratio, floor area ratio, building height restriction, distance from the road, distance from the neighbor, and whether or not a fire prevention area is designated. The distance from the road and the distance from the neighbor may be summarized as a wall surface retreat distance.
[0039]
User setting conditions include building type, building height, road orientation classification, land shape classification, corner designation, and the like. The type of building is designated as a house, building, condominium, store, factory, or the like. Further, for a house, designation of one-family house / two-family house, designation of Japanese / Western style, designation of wooden / rebar, etc. may be included. The height of the building may be specified by the number of floors or may be specified by the absolute value of the height. The road orientation section is a condition referred to when the entrance of the building is arranged, and means the direction of the road adjacent to the land frame. When there are a plurality of roads adjacent to the land frame, the direction of the main road that should face the entrance may be designated, or the directions of all the roads may be designated. The land shape classification is a condition referred to in the basic model arrangement method, and specifies a rectangle, a trapezoid, a pentagon, or the like. The corner designation is designation of whether or not the land frame hits the corner. The generation server 100 may automatically specify the road direction classification, land shape classification, and corner designation by omitting designation by the user and referring to the two-dimensional map data.
[0040]
The generation condition database 120 can be configured in various formats such as a relational database. In this embodiment, the generation condition database 120 is configured using XML (eXtensible Mark-up Language). In a database using XML, each item can be defined by an XML tag, and a record of each land frame can be handled as one XML file. Therefore, the generation conditions can be presented to the client CL for each land frame, and the generation conditions can be easily added or changed.
[0041]
D. Basic model database:
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of the basic model database 130. A three-dimensional model is recorded according to the type of building, the arrangement direction, and the height. The arrangement direction means the direction of the entrance. In the figure, model examples of “residential, facing west, two stories” and “residential, facing south, two stories” are shown. Although the case where one type of model is prepared for each is illustrated, a plurality of types of models may be prepared. In this embodiment, the arrangement direction is taken into account for the following reason. In a house, a floor plan is usually configured such that a living room or a veranda comes to the south surface, so the floor plan is often different depending on the direction of the entrance, and the appearance of the house is often different. In this embodiment, by preparing a three-dimensional model in consideration of the arrangement direction of the building, it is possible to generate a highly realistic three-dimensional map based on such a difference in floor plan. In the basic model database 130, the arrangement direction is divided into typical directions such as west and south, but the arrangement may be allowed with a certain range of deviation from these directions.
[0042]
Each model also records the allowable range of deformation. In this example, when the basic model is placed on the land frame, it is deformed according to the shape of the land frame, but if this deformation is allowed indefinitely, the shape of the basic model may be unrealistically damaged. is there. The allowable range of deformation is data for suppressing the deformation at the time of placing the basic model to a realistic range. In this embodiment, the deformable magnification is set as an allowable range. A deformable dimension value may be set as an allowable range.
[0043]
For example, in the case of a west-facing house (top column), expansion or reduction in the range of 0.9 to 1.1 is allowed in the north-south direction, and expansion in the range of 0.95 to 1.05 in the east-west direction. Therefore, reduction is allowed. The allowable range may be set more finely according to the shape of the house. For example, in the case of a south-facing house (second stage), the model is divided into two regions a and b in the north-south direction and three regions c, d, and e in the east-west direction, and each part is deformed. Tolerance range was set. By doing so, it is possible to realize a modification in which the other rooms (regions c and e) are enlarged and reduced while the size of the entrance portion (region d) is secured.
[0044]
E. Frame generation rules:
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of the frame generation rule 161. The frame generation rule 161 is referred to in the process of generating a building frame on a land frame in the automatic generation method described above. In this embodiment, the generation conditions are defined for each land frame (see FIG. 3), but there is still a degree of freedom in the setting of the building frame. Sometimes cannot be defined. In such a case, the frame generation rule is a rule set based on experience in order to set a realistic building frame. In the present embodiment, the frame generation rule is defined using XML.
[0045]
In this embodiment, as shown in the figure, the priority of application and the frame generation rule are recorded in association with each other. “Generation conditions” stored in the generation condition database 120 are associated with the highest priority. By doing so, the frame generation rule 161 functions as information for controlling the priority of the conditions to be considered when setting the building frame, including the generation conditions. Therefore, even if a condition having a higher priority than the generation condition is added later, there is an advantage that it can be easily reflected by changing the priority of the frame generation rule 161.
[0046]
The rule corresponding to the subsequent priority can be arbitrarily set. In this embodiment, as an example, the illustrated rule and priority are set. Each rule may include a condition for applying it. For example, in the priority 2 rule, an application condition “if it is a house” is added.
[0047]
Whether or not the “main building shape” at the priority level 5 is a rectangle can be determined as follows. Consider the building frame shown in the figure. A rectangle B1 having the largest area in the building frame is obtained. A region B2 obtained by removing the rectangle B1 from the building frame corresponds to a difference between the building frame and the rectangle. Therefore, whether or not the “main shape of the building” is a rectangle can be evaluated by parameters such as “the area of the region B2 / the area of the rectangle B1”, “the area of the building frame / the area of the rectangle B1”, and the like. . According to the rule of priority 5, the building frame is set so that these parameters are as small as possible.
[0048]
In the basic model placement method, the placement rule 151 is a rule in the same position as the frame creation rule 161 in the automatic creation method. The arrangement rule 151 is referred to when the basic model is arranged on the land frame. The arrangement rule 151 can be set in the same format and content as the frame generation rule 161. The frame generation rule 161 may also be used as the placement rule 151.
[0049]
F. Virtual 3D map generation processing:
FIG. 6 is a flowchart of the virtual three-dimensional map generation process. The processing of the client CL is shown on the left side, and the processing of the generation server 100 is shown on the right side. The generation of the virtual three-dimensional map is started when the user operates the browser of the client CL and accesses a Web page provided by the generation server 100 (Step S10). In response to this access, the generation server 100 provides an interface screen to the client CL (step S20).
[0050]
Through this interface screen, the user designates a generation condition for generating a virtual three-dimensional map and a two-dimensional map (step S12). The generation condition may be that the condition prepared in advance in the generation server 100 may be used as it is, or the condition prepared in advance may be edited by the user to generate a user-specific condition. It is good also as transmitting the conditions produced | generated uniquely to the production | generation server 100. FIG. Similarly, the designation of the two-dimensional map may be performed based on a database prepared in advance in the generation server 100, and a district for which a map is to be created may be designated, or the database prepared in advance may be edited by the user. A unique map may be generated, or a map uniquely generated by the user may be transmitted to the generation server 100. A frame generation rule, an arrangement rule, and the like may be specified in the same manner as these specifications.
[0051]
The generation server 100 receives the specification from the user and starts generating the virtual three-dimensional map. First, a virtual three-dimensional space as an output destination of a map is defined (step S30), and modeling by the basic model placement method is performed (step S40). Next, in the basic model placement method, a columnar model is generated by an automatic generation method for a land frame that could not be modeled (step S60). The procedure of each modeling process will be described later. When the generation server 100 outputs the generated three-dimensional map to the client CL (step S80), the client CL can display the map on the monitor screen (step S14).
[0052]
FIG. 7 is a flowchart of the basic model arrangement process. The processing in step S40 described above is described in detail. When this process is started, the generation server 100 first selects a land frame to be processed from unprocessed land frames (step 41). And the production | generation conditions with respect to this land frame are acquired (step S42).
[0053]
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of the basic model arrangement process. As illustrated, land frames PL1 to PL3 and generation condition data 120A corresponding thereto are prepared. In the above processing, when PL2 is selected as an unprocessed land frame, a condition corresponding to the land frame PL2 is extracted from the generation condition data 120A as shown in the figure.
[0054]
Next, the generation server 100 searches for a basic model in consideration of generation conditions (step S43). In the generation conditions, the type of building, height, road orientation classification, and the like are recorded, so a basic model that matches these conditions is searched. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, when a condition such as “house, 2 stories, westward” is specified as the generation condition of the land frame PL2, the basic model shown in the top column of FIG. 4 is extracted. Will be. There may be multiple basic models that meet the conditions.
[0055]
If there is no model that meets the conditions (step S44), it means that modeling by the basic model method is impossible, so the “placement impossible flag” corresponding to the land frame is turned on. This flag is a flag that is referred to when the automatic generation method is processed. Although it may be recorded as attribute information in a generation condition database, a two-dimensional map database, or the like, in this embodiment, a flag is configured as another data that is temporarily held in the process.
[0056]
If a conforming model exists (step S44), the basic model is deformed and arranged based on the arrangement rule (step S46). In the present embodiment, the basic model is deformed and arranged in a successive approximation by repeatedly executing the arrangement and the deformation. For example, when the model in the uppermost column in FIG. 4 is extracted, the first step is to provide a margin corresponding to the parking space from the west road, and arrange the basic model so that the entrance is on the west side. To do. Next, as a second step, it is confirmed whether or not generation conditions such as a building coverage ratio, a volume ratio, and a distance from a neighbor are satisfied in this arrangement state. If these conditions are not satisfied, the basic model is deformed within an allowable range as a third step. Regarding the deformation method, it is preferable to provide a rule such as “preferentially deform the surface where the entrance does not exist”. When the deformation is completed, similarly, it is evaluated whether or not the generation condition is satisfied, and the deformation is performed again as necessary.
[0057]
Some basic models are considered impossible to place on land. For example, there is a case where an arrangement that satisfies the generation conditions cannot be obtained even if the deformation is made up to the allowable range limit or the deformation is repeated a preset upper limit number of times. About this basic model, it judges that arrangement | positioning is impossible (step S47), and the production | generation server 100 transfers to the search (step S43) and evaluation (step S44, S46) of the next basic model. If it is determined that all the basic models extracted from the basic model database 130 cannot be arranged, an arrangement impossible flag is attached (step S45).
[0058]
The generation server 100 executes the above processing for all land frames present in the two-dimensional map data (step S48), and completes the basic model arrangement processing.
[0059]
FIG. 9 is a flowchart of the automatic generation process. 7 is a detailed description of the process in step S60 of FIG. In this embodiment, modeling by the automatic generation method is performed for a land frame that has not been modeled by the basic model placement method.
[0060]
When this process is started, the generation server 100 selects a land frame to be processed (step S61). If the placement impossible flag is not turned on for the selected land frame (step S62), it is determined that modeling has already been performed by the basic model placement method, and the process proceeds to the next land frame processing. (Step S66).
[0061]
When the disposition impossible flag is on (step S62), the generation server 100 acquires a generation condition (step S63), and generates a building frame based on the frame generation rule (step S64). The example of the production | generation of the building frame with respect to land frame PL8 was shown in the figure. In the figure, the building frame is a hatched area and is defined by a combination of two rectangular areas Ba and Bb. This building frame is generated by the following procedure based on the frame generation rule of FIG.
[0062]
First, the generation condition which is the highest priority condition is considered. The maximum area of the building frame is obtained from the area of the land frame PL8 and the building coverage ratio. As an example, considering the case where building is designated in the land frame PL8, the priority 2 condition is not considered, so the priority 3 condition “bottom area maximum” and the priority 4 condition Consider “Parallel wall parallel to road”. In the example in the figure, the shape is set so that the bottom area is maximized while the north surface having a long wall surface is parallel to the road R8. At this time, considering the priority 5 condition, the shape of the building is preferably close to a rectangle. First, a rectangle Ba having one side parallel to the road R8 and the maximum area is obtained. Next, the protruding portion Bb from the rectangle Ba is obtained so as to secure the bottom area within the range of the maximum area obtained from the building coverage ratio. In the figure, an example in which Bb is installed on the east side is shown, but a shape installed on the south side may be used.
[0063]
When the building frame is set in this way, the generation server 100 generates a columnar model (step S65). The columnar model can be defined by translating the building frame in the height direction (H direction) by the height specified by the generation condition. In this embodiment, the case where the protruding portion Bb is moved by one floor so as to satisfy the volume ratio is illustrated. Thus, the height may be changed depending on the part of the building frame.
[0064]
The generation server 100 executes the above processing for all land frames existing in the two-dimensional map data (step S66), and completes the automatic generation processing.
[0065]
According to the virtual three-dimensional map generation system of the embodiment described above, it is possible to generate a three-dimensional model of a building that satisfies the generation conditions for each land frame. Therefore, a realistic virtual three-dimensional map that can be used for city planning or the like can be obtained.
[0066]
As mentioned above, although the Example of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to this Example, and it cannot be overemphasized that a various structure can be taken in the range which does not deviate from the meaning.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration of a virtual three-dimensional map generation system as an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of a two-dimensional map database 110. FIG.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of a generation condition database 120;
4 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of a basic model database 130. FIG.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the contents of a frame generation rule 161.
FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a virtual three-dimensional map generation process.
FIG. 7 is a flowchart of basic model placement processing.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of basic model arrangement processing;
FIG. 9 is a flowchart of automatic generation processing.
[Explanation of symbols]
100 ... generation server
102: Communication unit
104 ... Interface providing unit
110 ... 2D map database
111 ... Map data management department
120, 120A ... generation condition database
121 ... Generation condition management unit
130 ... Basic model database
131 ... Basic model deformation part
140 ... virtual map generation unit
150 ... Basic model placement section
151 ... Placement rule
160 ... building frame generation unit
161 ... Frame generation rule
162 ... Columnar model generation unit

Claims (6)

A 3D map generation system for generating a virtual 3D electronic map,
In the virtual space, a map referring unit that refers to electronic map data base of the location and shape of the frame should be placed building land was more storage,
For each land frame, a generation condition reference unit that refers to a generation condition database that stores a regulation condition to be satisfied by a building to be built in association with each other,
A map generation unit that generates the three-dimensional electronic map by generating three-dimensional model data of the building in each land frame within a range that satisfies the regulatory conditions ;
A basic model storage unit that stores three-dimensional model data prepared in advance as a basic model according to the type of the building,
The map generation unit
Comprising a model deforming part for deforming the basic model so as to satisfy the regulation condition;
Wherein depending on the type of building that is associated with each land frame, generates the three-dimensional electronic map by arranging said basic model in the virtual space, three-dimensional map generation system. The three-dimensional map generation system according to claim 1,
In the basic model, an allowable range of the deformation is defined in advance,
The model deformation unit is a three-dimensional map generation system that deforms the basic model within the allowable range. A 3D map generation method for generating a virtual 3D electronic map by executing a computer program on a computer ,
(A) in the virtual space, the electronic map database that the position and shape of the land frame should be placed building a plurality memory, a step of referencing the map references section,
(B) building to be built in every place frame該土the generation condition data base which stores an association restriction condition to be satisfied, a step of generating condition reference unit refers,
(C) as a basic model, a step in which a basic model storage unit stores three-dimensional model data associated with the type of building;
(D) a step of generating the three-dimensional electronic map by generating a three-dimensional model data of the building in each land frame within a range in which the map generation unit satisfies the regulatory conditions ,
The step (d)
The map generation unit is a step of generating the three-dimensional electronic map by arranging the basic model in the virtual space according to the type of building associated with each land frame, A method for generating a three-dimensional map , comprising a step of deforming the basic model so as to satisfy a regulation condition and arranging the basic model in the virtual space . A method for generating a three-dimensional map according to claim 3,
  In the basic model, an allowable range of the deformation is defined in advance,
  The step (d)
  A three-dimensional map generation method, wherein the map generation unit is a step of deforming the basic model within the allowable range. A computer program for generating a virtual three-dimensional electronic map by a computer,
In the virtual space, a first function to refer to an electronic map data base that stores a plurality of position and shape of the frame should be placed building land,
A second function of referring to the generated condition data base which stores in association with regulatory requirements to buildings to be built in each該土ground frame satisfies,
A third function for preparing three-dimensional model data associated with the type of building as a basic model;
In the restricting conditions are satisfied, in the to produce a three-dimensional model data of the building in the land frame, a computer program for realizing the fourth function of generating the three-dimensional electronic map on a computer There,
The fourth function is:
A function of generating the three-dimensional electronic map by arranging the basic model in the virtual space in accordance with the type of building associated with each land frame, so as to satisfy the regulation condition A computer program comprising a function of deforming the basic model and arranging it in the virtual space . A computer program according to claim 5,
  In the basic model, an allowable range of the deformation is defined in advance,
  The fourth function is:
  A computer program which is a function for performing deformation of the basic model within the allowable range.

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