JP4153149B2 - Absorption refrigerator - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an absorption chiller using an absorption refrigeration cycle, and more particularly to a technique for dripping liquefied refrigerant liquefied by a condenser onto an evaporation heat exchanger.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a technique for dropping a liquefied refrigerant liquefied by a condenser onto an evaporating heat exchanger, one disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-60995 is known. In this technology, the liquefied refrigerant liquefied by the condenser is supplied to a refrigerant cooler having a steam escape opening that opens to the inside of the casing to self-cool the liquefied refrigerant, and the temperature of the liquefied refrigerant is lowered to the internal temperature of the casing. Let Then, the liquefied refrigerant that has been lowered to the internal temperature of the casing is supplied to the refrigerant disperser disposed below, and is uniformly liquefied from the refrigerant disperser to the evaporation heat exchanger of the evaporator wound up and down. The refrigerant is dropped.
[0003]
Here, the refrigerant spreader is uniformly distributed to the evaporation heat exchanger of the evaporator wound in the vertical direction inside the absorber that is required to be shortened in the vertical direction for miniaturization. A technique for dripping the absorbing liquid is required.
Specifically, if it is installed in a small amount even if it is installed in a small amount, it will cause uneven distribution of the liquefied refrigerant.Therefore, as a refrigerant spreader that compensates for this, a large number of holes are provided at the upper end of the ring tube to which liquefied refrigerant is supplied. In addition, a ring tube having a substantially ring-shaped dropping ring attached thereto has been proposed.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, since the conventional refrigerant | coolant dispersion | spreading tool used the complicated structure of attaching many dripping rings to a ring tube, it became a big factor of the raise of manufacturing cost.
[0005]
Further, the refrigerant cooler disposed on the refrigerant spreader needs to lower the temperature of the liquefied refrigerant, for example, 40 ° C. liquefied and condensed by the condenser to, for example, 5 ° C., which is the internal temperature of the casing. The vessel becomes larger. Since this large-capacity refrigerant cooler was arranged on the refrigerant sprinkler, it was an obstacle to miniaturization of the evaporator casing.
[0006]
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an absorption refrigerating machine capable of reducing cost and reducing the size of an evaporator.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the absorption refrigerator of the present invention employs the following technical means.
[Means of Claim 1]
Absorption refrigerator
A regenerator that heats the absorbing liquid containing the refrigerant to vaporize and separate the refrigerant from the absorbing liquid;
A condenser for cooling and condensing the vaporized refrigerant separated by the regenerator;
An evaporator for dripping the liquefied refrigerant condensed in the condenser on the surface of the evaporation heat exchanger through which the heat transfer heat medium passes, and evaporating in a casing under a low pressure;
An absorber that absorbs the vaporized refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator into an absorption liquid;
An absorption refrigeration cycle including a solution pump that pumps the absorption liquid in the absorber to the regenerator is provided.
[0008]
The evaporating heat exchanger disposed in the evaporator has a coil shape wound in the vertical direction.
Means for dropping the liquefied refrigerant separated by the condenser onto the surface of the evaporation heat exchanger,
A ring-shaped ring tube which is arranged in a substantially ring shape above the evaporating heat exchanger having a coil shape, and in which a large number of throttle holes for flowing out the liquefied refrigerant are formed over the entire circumference;
Liquefied refrigerant supply means for supplying the liquefied refrigerant from above the ring tube to the inside of the ring tube.
A portion that keeps the liquid level of the liquefied refrigerant inside the liquefied refrigerant supply means higher than the throttle hole is disposed outside the casing, and
A space portion above the liquid level is provided in communication with the inside of the casing.
[0009]
Further, the liquefied refrigerant supply means of the absorption refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the liquefied refrigerant liquefied and condensed by the condenser is set to the ring tube as a liquefied refrigerant having a temperature several degrees higher than the internal temperature of the casing. The liquid refrigerant cooling means to supply is provided.
[0010]
Furthermore, the liquefied refrigerant cooling means of the absorption refrigerator according to claim 1 heats the liquefied refrigerant liquefied and condensed by the condenser and the heat transporting heat medium whose temperature is lowered after passing through the evaporating heat exchanger. A sensible heat exchanger to replace,
When the liquefied refrigerant liquefied by the condenser passes through the sensible heat exchanger, the temperature of the liquefied refrigerant supplied to the ring tube is cooled by the heat transfer heat medium, so that it is lower than the internal temperature of the casing. The temperature is several degrees higher.
[0012]
[Means of claim 2 ]
The absorption refrigerator according to claim 1 ,
The ring tube is attached with a drip strip for dropping the liquefied refrigerant flowing out of the plurality of throttle holes to the evaporation heat exchanger disposed below.
[0013]
[Means of claim 3 ]
The absorption refrigerator according to claim 2 ,
The dripping band material is composed of a band part attached so as to be in contact with the ring tube, and a large number of hanging parts hanging from the band part to the evaporating heat exchanger, and the evaporating band material is inclined and arranged by winding. Corresponding to the upper side of the heat exchanger, the length of the hanging part is provided differently.
[0014]
[Operation and effect of the invention]
[Operation and effect of claim 1]
By adopting the means of claim 1, the liquid level position inside the liquefied refrigerant supply means for supplying the absorbing liquid to the ring tube is arranged outside the casing, so the structure and height inside the casing The liquid surface position can be set high without being restricted by. Since the liquid level position can be kept high in this way, even if a large number of throttle holes in the ring tube are inclined due to an inclined installation or the like, the liquid level head difference (distance from the liquid level) of the high throttle hole is Since the ratio with the liquid level head difference of the throttle hole at the lower position becomes small, the liquefied refrigerant can be dropped evenly and uniformly on the evaporation heat exchanger.
As described above, according to the present invention, since the conventional refrigerant spreader can be eliminated, the manufacturing cost of the absorption chiller can be suppressed as compared with the conventional one.
[0015]
Further, since the means of claim 1 is adopted so as to supply the ring tube as a liquefied refrigerant having a temperature several degrees higher than the internal temperature of the casing, the internal vapor pressure of the casing and the internal vapor of the liquefied refrigerant cooling means are provided. A differential pressure is generated in the pressure, and the liquid level can be increased by the differential pressure. That is, the liquid level head difference can be increased by the differential pressure.
[0016]
Furthermore, by adopting the means of claim 1 , a sensible heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the liquefied refrigerant liquefied and condensed by the condenser and the heat transfer heat medium that has passed through the evaporating heat exchanger and the temperature has decreased. By cooling the temperature of the liquefied refrigerant supplied to the ring tube to a temperature several degrees higher than the internal temperature of the casing, the conventionally used refrigerant cooler can be eliminated. For this reason, the casing of the evaporator can be miniaturized.
Further, since the sensible heat exchanger may be a simple heat exchanger such as a double pipe, the cost can be reduced compared to a refrigerant cooler having a complicated structure.
[0018]
[Operation and effect of claim 2 ]
By adopting the means of claim 2 and using the dripping strip attached to the ring tube, the liquefied refrigerant that has flowed out from a large number of throttle holes of the ring tube is dropped into the evaporating heat exchanger below. The liquefied refrigerant that has flowed out of the throttle hole can be spread evenly on the lower heat exchanger for evaporation. In addition, since a dripping strip can be easily manufactured by punching a thin metal plate or the like, an increase in manufacturing cost can be suppressed.
[0019]
[Operation and effect of claim 3 ]
By adopting the means of claim 3 and providing a number of drooping portions provided on the drip strip with a length corresponding to the upper side of the evaporating heat exchanger, the evaporating heat exchanger having an inclined upper side can be accurately obtained. Liquefied refrigerant can be sprayed on
[0020]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on a plurality of examples and modifications.
[Configuration of the first embodiment]
1 to 5 show a first embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of an absorption air conditioner that performs indoor air conditioning using an absorption refrigerator.
[0021]
(Outline explanation of absorption type air conditioner)
The absorption type air conditioner includes an outdoor unit 1 and an indoor unit 2, and the outdoor unit 1 includes a refrigerator main body 3 and a cooling tower 4. Each mounted electric functional component is controlled by a control device 5. Is done.
The refrigerator main body 3 is mainly formed of stainless steel and forms an absorption cycle using a lithium bromide aqueous solution as a refrigerant and an absorption liquid. The heating means 6 for heating the absorption liquid and a double-effect absorption A refrigeration cycle 7.
[0022]
(Description of heating means 6)
The heating means 6 of this embodiment is a gas combustion device that burns gas as fuel to generate heat, and heats the absorbing liquid by the generated heat. The gas burner 11 performs gas combustion, and gas is supplied to the gas burner 11. It comprises a gas supply means 12 that supplies gas, a combustion fan 13 that supplies combustion air to the gas burner 11, and the like.
Then, the heat obtained by the gas combustion of the gas burner 11 is used to heat the boiling device 14 of the absorption refrigeration cycle 7 and heat the low-concentration absorbing liquid (hereinafter, low liquid) supplied into the boiling device 14. Is provided.
[0023]
(Description of absorption refrigeration cycle 7)
The absorption refrigeration cycle 7 includes a boiling device 14 that is heated by the heating means 6, and the low liquid supplied into the boiling device 14 is heated to vaporize (evaporate) the refrigerant (water) contained in the low liquid. ) By using the high temperature regenerator 15 to be an intermediate concentration absorbing liquid (hereinafter referred to as “medium liquid”) and the condensation heat of the vaporized refrigerant in the high temperature regenerator 15, using the pressure difference from the high temperature regenerator 15 side. From the low temperature regenerator 16, the high temperature regenerator 15 and the low temperature regenerator 16 which heats the supplied intermediate liquid and vaporizes the refrigerant contained in the intermediate liquid to make the intermediate liquid a high-concentration absorption liquid (hereinafter, high liquid). The condenser 17 that cools and liquefies the vaporized refrigerant (water vapor), the evaporator 18 that evaporates the liquefied refrigerant (water) liquefied by the condenser 17 under a pressure close to vacuum, and the evaporator 18 evaporates. Absorption by which vaporized refrigerant is absorbed by the high liquid obtained by the low temperature regenerator 16 It consists of 19 Metropolitan.
[0024]
(Description of high temperature regenerator 15)
The high-temperature regenerator 15 includes the above-described boiling device 14 that heats the low liquid by the heating unit 6, and the boiling cylinder 21 that extends upward from the boiling device 14. The vaporized refrigerant that has been boiled in the boiling device 14 and the boiling cylinder 21 and vaporized from a low liquid is blown out from the boiling cylinder 21 into the high-temperature regeneration case 22 having a cylindrical container shape. The high-temperature vaporized refrigerant blown into the high-temperature regeneration case 22 is cooled by the wall of the high-temperature regeneration case 22 by removing heat as vaporization heat at the time of evaporation of the medium liquid in the low-temperature regenerator 16, and liquefied refrigerant (water )become.
[0025]
Inside the boiling cylinder 21 of this embodiment is arranged a cup-shaped partition container 21a for storing the medium liquid after being blown into the boiling cylinder 21 and the refrigerant is vaporized, and the middle liquid stored in the inside is stored. It is supplied to the low temperature regenerator 16 through the middle liquid pipe 23. The middle liquid pipe 23 is provided with a throttle means (not shown) such as an orifice. When the cooling / heating switching valve 53, which will be described later, is closed, this throttling means allows the intermediate liquid to flow while maintaining the pressure difference between the high temperature regenerator 15 and the low temperature regenerator 16, and when the cooling / heating switching valve 53, which will be described later, is opened. Little liquid flows.
Further, an absorption liquid return plate 21b is provided on the upper portion of the partition container 21a, and is provided so that the absorption liquid blown out in the boiling cylinder 21 is guided into the partition container 21a.
[0026]
In order to insulate the inside of the high-temperature regeneration case 22 from the middle liquid in the boiling cylinder 21 after the low-temperature refrigerant is vaporized by being heated by the boiling device 14, and the liquefied refrigerant (water) stored around the inside. In addition, a heat insulating gap 24 is provided around the boiling cylinder 21.
The liquefied refrigerant (water) liquefied in the high temperature regeneration case 22 and separated to the outside of the boiling cylinder 21 is guided to the condenser 17 through the liquid refrigerant pipe 25 connected to the lower part.
[0027]
(Description of low temperature regenerator 16)
The low temperature regenerator 16 includes a cylindrical container-shaped low temperature regeneration case 31 that covers the high temperature regeneration case 22. The low temperature regenerator 16 injects the intermediate liquid supplied through the intermediate liquid pipe 23 toward the ceiling portion of the high temperature regeneration case 22.
Since the temperature in the low temperature regeneration case 31 is lower than the temperature in the high temperature regeneration case 22, the pressure in the low temperature regeneration case 31 is lower than the pressure in the high temperature regeneration case 22. For this reason, the intermediate liquid supplied from the intermediate liquid pipe 23 into the low temperature regeneration case 31 is likely to evaporate. When the intermediate liquid is injected into the ceiling portion of the high temperature regeneration case 22, the intermediate liquid is heated by the wall of the high temperature regeneration case 22, and a part of the refrigerant contained in the intermediate liquid evaporates to become a vaporized refrigerant. Becomes high liquid.
[0028]
Here, the upper side of the low-temperature regeneration case 31 communicates with the upper side of the annular container-shaped condensing case 32 via the communication portion 33. For this reason, the vaporized refrigerant evaporated in the low temperature regeneration case 31 is supplied into the condensation case 32 through the communication portion 33.
On the other hand, the high liquid falls to the lower part of the low temperature regeneration case 31 and is supplied to the absorber 19 through the high liquid pipe 34 connected to the lower part of the low temperature regeneration case 31.
A ceiling plate 35 is provided on the upper side in the low temperature regeneration case 31, and a gap 36 through which the vaporized refrigerant passes is provided between the outer peripheral end of the ceiling plate 35 and the low temperature regeneration case 31.
[0029]
(Description of condenser 17)
The condenser 17 is covered with a condensing case 32 having an annular container shape. Inside the condensing case 32, a condensing heat exchanger 37 for cooling and liquefying the vaporized refrigerant in the condensing case 32 is disposed. The condensing heat exchanger 37 is an annular coil in which cooling water flows. Then, the liquefied refrigerant supplied from the low-temperature regenerator 16 into the condensation case 32 is cooled and liquefied by the condensation heat exchanger 37, and is dropped below the condensation heat exchanger 37.
[0030]
On the other hand, the refrigerant is supplied to the lower side of the condensing case 32 through the liquid refrigerant pipe 25 from the high temperature regenerator 15 described above. When the supply refrigerant is supplied into the condensing case 32, the refrigerant is boiled again due to a difference in pressure (low pressure in the condensing case 32 is about 70 mmHg), and is supplied in a state where the vaporized refrigerant and the liquefied refrigerant are mixed. Is done. The liquefied refrigerant liquefied in the condensation case 32 is guided to the evaporator 18 via the liquid refrigerant supply pipe 38.
[0031]
(Description of the evaporator 18)
The evaporator 18 is provided in the lower part of the condensing case 32 together with the absorber 19. The evaporator 18 has an annular container-shaped evaporation / absorption case 41 (both the evaporator 18 and the absorber 19) provided around the low-temperature regeneration case 31. And is equivalent to a casing). An evaporation heat exchanger 42 for evaporating the liquefied refrigerant supplied from the condenser 17 is disposed outside the evaporation / absorption case 41. The evaporating heat exchanger 42 has a coil shape wound in the vertical direction, and cold / hot water (a heat transfer heat medium) supplied to the indoor unit 2 flows through the evaporating heat exchanger 42. Then, the liquefied refrigerant supplied from the condenser 17 via the liquid refrigerant supply pipe 38 is supplied to the annular refrigerant spraying tool 43 and sprayed from the refrigerant spraying tool 43 onto the evaporation heat exchanger 42.
[0032]
Since the inside of the evaporation / absorption case 41 is maintained almost in a vacuum (for example, 6.5 mmHg), the boiling point is low, and the liquefied refrigerant sprayed on the evaporation heat exchanger 42 is very easily evaporated. The liquefied refrigerant sprayed on the evaporation heat exchanger 42 evaporates by removing the heat of vaporization from the heat medium flowing in the evaporation heat exchanger 42.
As a result, the heat medium flowing in the evaporation heat exchanger 42 is cooled. The cooled heat medium is guided to the indoor unit 2 to cool the room.
[0033]
(Description of absorber 19)
The absorber 19 is covered with the evaporation / absorption case 41 as described above. In the absorber 19, an absorption heat exchanger 44 that cools the high liquid supplied from the high liquid pipe 34 is disposed inside the evaporation / absorption case 41. The absorption heat exchanger 44 is disposed adjacent to the inside of the evaporation heat exchanger 42 and has a coil shape wound in the vertical direction. Cooling water that takes away the heat of absorption generated when absorbed is supplied. The cooling water that has passed through the absorption heat exchanger 44 passes through the condensation heat exchanger 37 of the condenser 17 and is then guided to the cooling tower 4 to be cooled. Then, the cooling water cooled by the cooling tower 4 is led to the absorption heat exchanger 44 again.
[0034]
On the other hand, on the upper part of the absorption heat exchanger 44, an annular absorption liquid spraying tool 45 that disperses the high liquid supplied from the high liquid pipe 34 to the absorption heat exchanger 44 is disposed. While the high liquid sprayed on the absorption heat exchanger 44 travels down the coil surface of the absorption heat exchanger 44 and falls downward from above, the vaporized refrigerant generated by evaporation in the evaporation heat exchanger 42 is removed. Absorb. As a result, the absorption liquid that has dropped to the bottom of the evaporation / absorption case 41 becomes a low liquid with a low concentration.
[0035]
Inside the evaporation / absorption case 41, a cylindrical partition wall 46 is disposed between the evaporation heat exchanger 42 and the absorption heat exchanger 44. The cylindrical partition wall 46 communicates with the inside of the evaporation / absorption case 41 only at the upper side, and the vaporized refrigerant generated by the evaporator 18 is introduced into the absorber 19 through the upper part of the cylindrical partition wall 46. It is burned.
[0036]
Further, a low liquid pipe 47 for supplying low liquid at the bottom of the evaporation / absorption case 41 to the boiling device 14 is connected to the bottom of the evaporation / absorption case 41. The low liquid pipe 47 is provided with a solution pump 48 for allowing the low liquid to flow from the evaporation / absorption case 41 in a substantially vacuum state toward the boiling device 14.
[0037]
(Description of components other than the above in the absorption refrigeration cycle 7)
Reference numeral 51 shown in FIG. 2 denotes a high-temperature heat exchanger 51 a that exchanges heat between the middle liquid flowing from the inside of the boiling cylinder 21 to the low-temperature regenerator 16 and the low liquid flowing from the absorber 19 to the boiler 14, and the low-temperature regenerator 16. It is a heat exchanger in which a high-temperature liquid flowing to the absorber 19 and a low-temperature heat exchanger 51b that exchanges heat between the low liquid flowing from the absorber 19 to the boiling device 14 are integrated.
The high temperature heat exchanger 51a cools the intermediate liquid flowing from the boiling cylinder 21 to the low temperature regenerator 16, and conversely heats the low liquid flowing from the absorber 19 to the boiling device 14. The low temperature heat exchanger 51b cools the high liquid flowing from the low temperature regenerator 16 to the absorber 19, and conversely heats the low liquid flowing from the absorber 19 to the boiling device 14.
[0038]
Further, the absorption refrigeration cycle 7 of the present embodiment is provided with a heating operation means for performing a heating operation in addition to the cooling operation by the above-described operation.
The heating operation means includes a heating pipe 52 that guides the absorbing liquid having a high temperature from the lower part of the partition container 21 a to the lower part of the evaporator 18, and a cooling / heating switching valve 53 that opens and closes the heating pipe 52. The cooling / heating switching valve 53 is opened during heating operation, guides the high-temperature absorption liquid into the evaporation / absorption case 41, and heats the cold / hot water flowing in the evaporation heat exchanger 42 of the evaporator 18.
[0039]
(Explanation of indoor unit 2)
The indoor unit 2 forcibly exchanges heat between the indoor heat exchanger 54 installed indoors, the cold / hot water that has passed through the evaporator 18 that flows through the indoor heat exchanger 54, and the room air, and the air after the heat exchange And an indoor fan 55 for blowing out into the room.
The indoor heat exchanger 54 is connected to a cold / hot water circuit 56 for circulating cold / hot water, and the cold / hot water circuit 56 is provided with a cold / hot water pump 57 for circulating cold / hot water. The cold / hot water pump 57 is driven by a dual-purpose motor that drives the solution pump 48.
[0040]
(Description of cooling tower 4)
The cooling tower 4 flows the cooling water that has been heated through the absorber 19 and the condenser 17 from the upper side to the lower side, exchanges heat with the outside air while flowing, and dissipates heat. The cooling water is cooled by evaporating to remove the heat of vaporization, and includes a cooling water fan 61 that promotes evaporation and cooling of the cooling water. A cooling water circuit 62 for circulating cooling water is connected to the cooling tower 4, and the cooling water is circulated by a cooling water pump 63.
[0041]
(Cooling operation by absorption refrigeration cycle 7)
In the absorption refrigeration cycle 7, when the heating unit 6 heats the boiling device 14, the high temperature regenerator 15 extracts vaporized refrigerant from the low liquid, and the low temperature regenerator 16 extracts high liquid from the medium solution. .
The vaporized refrigerant taken out by the high-temperature regenerator 15 and the low-temperature regenerator 16 is condensed and liquefied by the condenser 17, and then sprayed to the evaporation heat exchanger 42 of the evaporator 18. It evaporates by removing heat of vaporization from cold and hot water. For this reason, the cooled / warm water that has passed through the evaporation heat exchanger 42 and is cooled is supplied to the indoor heat exchanger 54 of the indoor unit 2 to cool the room.
[0042]
The vaporized refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator 18 passes over the cylindrical partition wall 46 and flows into the absorber 19.
On the other hand, in the absorber 19, the high liquid taken out by the low-temperature regenerator 16 is dispersed in the absorption heat exchanger 44, and the vaporized refrigerant flowing from the evaporator 18 is absorbed by this high liquid. The absorption heat generated when the vaporized refrigerant is absorbed by the high liquid is absorbed by the absorption heat exchanger 44 to prevent a decrease in absorption capacity.
Note that the high liquid that has absorbed the vaporized refrigerant by the absorber 19 becomes a low liquid and is sucked by the solution pump 48 and is returned to the boiling device 14 again, and the above cycle is repeated.
[0043]
(The peripheral structure of the refrigerant spreader 43 will be described with reference to FIG. 1)
The refrigerant spreader 43 is arranged in a substantially ring shape above the evaporating heat exchanger 42 having a coil shape, and a large number of throttle holes 71 (see FIG. 3) for flowing out the liquefied refrigerant are formed over the entire circumference. The ring-shaped ring tube 72 and a dripping strip 73 for dropping the liquefied refrigerant that has flowed out from the numerous throttle holes 71 to the upper side of the evaporating heat exchanger 42 disposed below.
[0044]
As shown in FIGS. 3A to 3C, the ring tube 72 includes a coupling 74 having a substantially U-shaped cross section, and an upper portion of the coupling 74 as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B. And a plurality of throttle holes 71 are provided on the side surface of the coupling 74 at equal intervals.
[0045]
The dripping strip 73 is attached to the side surface of the ring tube 72 by welding, screws, or the like, and as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, a strip portion 73a attached to the ring tube 72, and this strip portion. It consists of a large number of hanging parts 73b that hang from 73a to the evaporating heat exchanger. The dripping band 73 is formed by press-cutting a thin stainless steel plate, for example, and slits 73c are formed in the band portion 73a to prevent the many throttle holes 71 from being blocked. In addition, the large number of hanging parts 73b are provided so as to maintain a certain distance with respect to the upper side of the evaporating heat exchanger 42 that is inclined and arranged by winding, and the evaporating parts that are inclined and arranged by winding. Corresponding to the upper side of the heat exchanger 42, the lengths of the hanging parts 73b are provided differently so as to maintain a certain distance.
[0046]
The ring tube 72 is connected to a liquefied refrigerant supply means 76 for supplying the liquefied refrigerant from above to the inside of the ring tube 72.
In this liquefied refrigerant supply means 76, the temperature of the liquefied refrigerant liquefied and condensed by the condenser 17 is set as a liquefied refrigerant having a temperature (for example, 7 ° C.) several degrees higher than the internal temperature (for example, 5 ° C.) of the evaporation / absorption case 41. A sensible heat exchanger 77 (corresponding to a liquefied refrigerant cooling means) for supplying to the ring tube 72 is provided.
[0047]
The sensible heat exchanger 77 exchanges heat between the liquefied refrigerant liquefied and condensed in the condenser 17 and cold / warm water (for example, 7 ° C.) that has passed through the evaporating heat exchanger 42 and reduced in temperature. When the liquefied refrigerant liquefied by the vessel 17 passes through the sensible heat exchanger 77, the temperature of the liquefied refrigerant supplied to the ring tube 72 is several degrees higher than the internal temperature (5 ° C.) of the evaporation / absorption case 41. It becomes temperature (7 degreeC). The sensible heat exchanger 77 is provided with about 7 ° C. cold / hot water that has passed through the evaporating heat exchanger 42 around the liquid refrigerant supply pipe 38 that guides the liquefied refrigerant liquefied by the condenser 17 to the ring tube 72. This is a double-tube liquid-liquid heat exchanger that flows.
Here, the inside of the liquid refrigerant supply pipe 38 for supplying the refrigerant to the liquefied refrigerant supply means 76 cools the 40 ° C. refrigerant supplied from the condenser 17 to 7 ° C., and the liquid level is raised or lowered by the differential pressure. Difference B occurs.
[0048]
The liquefied refrigerant supply means 76 supplies the liquefied refrigerant supplied from the sensible heat exchanger 77 from above the ring tube 72, and the liquefied refrigerant during steady operation is inside the liquefied refrigerant supply means 76. The liquid level position A is provided so as to be kept higher than the many throttle holes 71. The portion that keeps the liquid surface position A high is arranged outside the evaporation / absorption case 41 as shown in FIG. The liquefied refrigerant supply means 76 of this embodiment communicates with the liquid refrigerant supply pipe 38 that guides the liquefied refrigerant liquefied by the condenser 17 to the ring tube 72 and the inside of the evaporation / absorption case 41 above the liquid level position A. And a communication pipe 78 to be made.
[0049]
The liquid surface position A is set according to the diameter and number of the throttle holes 71 of the ring tube 72. The refrigerant cooled to 7 ° C. by the sensible heat exchanger 77 is self-cooled to 5 ° C. while being led from the communication pipe 78 to the liquefied refrigerant supply means 76.
[0050]
(Effect of Example)
As described above, since the liquid level position A of the liquefied refrigerant supplied to the ring tube 72 is arranged outside the evaporation / absorption case 41, the structure and height inside the evaporation / absorption case 41 are limited. The liquid level position A can be set high without any problems. Since the liquid level position A can be kept high in this way, even if a large number of throttle holes 71 in the ring tube 72 are inclined due to an inclined installation or the like, the liquid level head difference between the high throttle holes 71 and the low position are reduced. The ratio of the aperture hole 71 to the liquid level head difference can be reduced.
For this reason, it is not necessary to use the expensive and complicated parts having a large number of parts as in the conventional refrigerant spreader 43, and the simple refrigerant spreader 43 including the ring tube 72 and the drip strip 73 exchanges heat for evaporation. Thus, the liquefied refrigerant can be dripped onto the vessel 42 evenly, and the cost of the absorption chiller can be suppressed as compared with the conventional case.
[0051]
The temperature of the liquefied refrigerant supplied to the ring tube 72 by the sensible heat exchanger 77 that exchanges heat between the liquefied refrigerant liquefied and condensed in the condenser 17 and the cold / hot water whose temperature has decreased after passing through the evaporating heat exchanger 42. Since the temperature is set to be several degrees higher than the internal temperature of the evaporation / absorption case 41, the conventionally used refrigerant cooler can be eliminated. For this reason, the evaporation / absorption case 41 can be reduced in size. When cold / hot water passes through the sensible heat exchanger 77, heat is exchanged with the liquefied refrigerant, resulting in a loss of heat. However, due to the abolition of the self-evaporation in the refrigerant cooler due to the abolition of the conventional refrigerant cooler. Because the loss of heat is offset, the capacity is not reduced.
In addition, since the sensible heat exchanger 77 used in place of the conventional refrigerant cooler can be a simple heat exchanger such as a double pipe, the cost can be reduced compared with a refrigerant cooler having a complicated structure. Can do.
[0052]
Since the liquefied refrigerant is dropped onto the evaporating heat exchanger 42 by the dripping strip 73 attached to the ring tube 72, the liquefied refrigerant flowing out from the numerous throttle holes 71 is spread evenly on the evaporating heat exchanger 42. it can. And since the dripping strip 73 used can be easily manufactured by punching a thin metal plate or the like, the increase in manufacturing cost is small.
In addition, since many drooping portions 73b provided on the drip strip 73 are provided with a length corresponding to the upper side of the evaporating heat exchanger 42, they are liquefied evenly on the evaporating heat exchanger 42 whose upper side is inclined. Refrigerant can be dripped.
[0056]
[Modification]
In the above embodiment, a double effect type is shown as an example of the absorption refrigeration cycle 7, but a single effect type or a triple effect type of triple effect or more may be used. Moreover, when injecting the middle liquid into the low temperature regenerator 16, the example of injecting from the upper part of the low temperature regenerator 16 has been shown, but it may be injected from the lower part.
Although the gas burner 11 is used as a heating source of the heating means 6, an oil burner or an electric heater may be used, or exhaust heat from another device (for example, an internal combustion engine) may be used.
[0057]
As an example of the absorbing liquid, an aqueous lithium bromide solution is shown as an example, but other absorbing liquids such as an ammonia aqueous solution using ammonia as a refrigerant and water as an absorbent may be used.
As an example of the heat medium, tap water is used and shared with the cooling water of the cooling water circuit. However, other heat medium such as antifreeze or oil different from the cooling water of the cooling water circuit may be used.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a view showing a peripheral structure of a refrigerant spreader (first embodiment).
FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of an absorption air conditioner (first embodiment).
FIG. 3 is a top view, a cross-sectional view, and a main-part cross-sectional view of a coupling (first embodiment).
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view and a top view of a lid ring (first embodiment).
FIG. 5 is a top view and a main part development view of a dripping band member (first embodiment) .
[Explanation of symbols]
6 Heating means 7 Absorption refrigeration cycle 15 High temperature regenerator 16 Low temperature regenerator 17 Condenser 18 Evaporator 19 Absorber 41 Evaporation / absorption case (casing)
42 Evaporating Heat Exchanger 43 Refrigerant Dispersing Tool 48 Solution Pump 71 Restricted Hole 72 Ring Tube 73 Drip Band 73a Band 73b Dropped Part 76 Liquefied Refrigerant Supply Unit 77 Sensible Heat Exchanger (Liquefied Refrigerant Cooling Unit)
78 communication pipe
A level position

Claims (3)

A regenerator that heats the absorbing liquid containing the refrigerant to vaporize and separate the refrigerant from the absorbing liquid;
A condenser for cooling and condensing the vaporized refrigerant separated by the regenerator;
An evaporator for dripping the liquefied refrigerant condensed in the condenser on the surface of the evaporation heat exchanger through which the heat transfer heat medium passes, and evaporating in a casing under a low pressure;
An absorber that absorbs the vaporized refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator into an absorption liquid;
In an absorption refrigerator having an absorption refrigeration cycle composed of a solution pump that pumps the absorption liquid in the absorber to the regenerator,
The evaporating heat exchanger disposed in the evaporator exhibits a coil shape wound up and down,
Means for dropping the liquefied refrigerant separated by the condenser onto the surface of the evaporation heat exchanger,
A ring-shaped ring tube which is arranged in a substantially ring shape above the evaporating heat exchanger having a coil shape, and in which a large number of throttle holes for flowing out the liquefied refrigerant are formed over the entire circumference;
Liquefied refrigerant supply means for supplying the liquefied refrigerant from above the ring tube to the inside of the ring tube,
A portion that keeps the liquid level of the liquefied refrigerant inside the liquefied refrigerant supply means higher than the throttle hole is disposed outside the casing, and
Providing a space above the liquid level in communication with the interior of the casing ;
The liquefied refrigerant supply means includes liquefied refrigerant cooling means for supplying the temperature of the liquefied refrigerant liquefied and condensed in the condenser to the ring tube as a liquefied refrigerant having a temperature several degrees higher than the internal temperature of the casing,
The liquefied refrigerant cooling means is a sensible heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the liquefied refrigerant liquefied and condensed in the condenser and the heat transfer heat medium that has passed through the evaporating heat exchanger and has a temperature drop,
When the liquefied refrigerant liquefied by the condenser passes through the sensible heat exchanger, the temperature of the liquefied refrigerant supplied to the ring tube is cooled by the heat transfer heat medium, so that it is lower than the internal temperature of the casing. Absorption type refrigerator characterized by a high temperature of several degrees . The absorption refrigerator according to claim 1 ,
The ring tube is attached with a drip strip for dropping the liquefied refrigerant flowing out of the plurality of throttle holes to the evaporation heat exchanger disposed below . The absorption refrigerator according to claim 2,
The dripping band material is composed of a band part attached so as to be in contact with the ring tube, and a large number of hanging parts hanging from the band part to the evaporating heat exchanger, and the evaporating band material is inclined and arranged by winding. An absorption refrigerating machine in which the length of the hanging part is provided corresponding to the upper side of the heat exchanger .

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