JP4148554B2 - Caisson installation method - Google Patents

Caisson installation method Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP4148554B2
JP4148554B2 JP04831498A JP4831498A JP4148554B2 JP 4148554 B2 JP4148554 B2 JP 4148554B2 JP 04831498 A JP04831498 A JP 04831498A JP 4831498 A JP4831498 A JP 4831498A JP 4148554 B2 JP4148554 B2 JP 4148554B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
caisson
wall
laying method
soil
mixed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP04831498A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH11247200A (en
Inventor
金次 今井
義正 近藤
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maguma Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Maguma Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Maguma Co Ltd filed Critical Maguma Co Ltd
Priority to JP04831498A priority Critical patent/JP4148554B2/en
Publication of JPH11247200A publication Critical patent/JPH11247200A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP4148554B2 publication Critical patent/JP4148554B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この出願の発明は、ケーソン沈設工法に関するものである。さらに詳しくは、この出願の発明は、地盤が硬すぎたり軟らかすぎるといった硬軟条件が不適切な場合におけるケーソン沈設や、平面形状が非対称なケーソンを沈設させる場合等に有用な、新しいケーソン沈設工法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術とその課題】
従来より、建築構造物の基礎工事や、地下構造物の築造等においてはケーソン沈設工法がしばしば行われている。
この工法は、沈設計画位置の上にケーソンを構築し、ケーソン内部および刃先の土を掘削しつつ、地盤中にケーソンを沈設する工法であって、ケーソンの沈設には、ケーソンを沈下させる力である沈下力と、その沈下に抵抗する力である沈下抵抗力とのバランスが考慮されている。
【0003】
しかしながら、ケーソン沈設工法は、基礎工法として、あるいは地下室の構築法として経済性や止水性等の点で優れた工法であると評価されているものの、対象地盤の硬軟条件の制約や、ケーソンの平面形状の制約が多く、実際的には汎用的な工法とはなっていないのが実情である。
例えば、対象地盤の硬軟条件による制約としては、良く締まった砂礫地盤や洪積粘土層等の硬固な地盤においては、沈下抵抗力が大きく、自重のみによる沈下は困難であり、逆に、沖積粘土層や腐植土層等などの軟弱な地盤においては、沈下抵抗力がケーソンの自重よりも少ないために、過大な沈下が生じる結果となり、いずれの場合もケーソンの施工に支障をきたすこととなる。
【0004】
このような問題に対処するために、硬固な地盤の場合には、ケーソンの壁厚を必要以上に厚くしたり、載荷重をのせて沈下力を増加させる等の対策がとられているものの、そのための労力、時間、そしてコストの増大は極めて大きなものになる。
一方、軟弱な地盤の場合には、ケーソンの自重が沈下抵抗力より大きいために、例えばケミコパイル工法や薬液注入工法等の地盤改良により、地盤の強度を増加させ、沈下抵抗力を増加させることにより対応しているが、この場合においても、手間がかかり、しかもコスト増になる等の問題がある。
【0005】
さらに、実際の対象地盤は硬い地層と軟弱な地層とが互層をなしていることも多く、このような場合には、ケーソン沈設工法の適応は非常に難しいものとなる。また、ケーソンの平面形状の制約という問題もある。
ケーソンはあらかじめ地上部においてコンクリートにより壁体を構築した後に、正確に垂直に沈下させることが必要であるが、ケーソンの沈下力の重心位置と沈下抵抗力の合力位置とが一致しない場合には、ケーソンがうまく垂直に沈下されない。
【0006】
このようなケーソンの沈下力の重心位置と沈下抵抗力の合力位置との不一致は、ケーソンの平面形状が、正方形または正方形に近い長方形ではない場合に生じる。
そのため、ケーソンの平面形状は正方形に近い長方形がよいとされており、平面形状が対象でない場合や、短辺と長辺の比が4以上の場合は垂直に沈設するのは難しく、このような場合は、ケーソン沈設工法の適用外となっていた。
【0007】
この出願の発明は、以上の通りの従来技術の問題点を鑑みてなされたものであり、対象地盤の硬軟条件が不適切な場合やケーソン平面形状が非対称な場合でも、ケーソンを容易に垂直に沈設することのできる、新しいケーソン沈設工法を提供することを課題としている。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この出願は、上記のとおりの課題を解決するために、第1の発明として、ケーソン壁体の外部に水平方向に浮力対抗壁を張り出させたケーソンを地盤中に沈設するケーソン沈設工法であって、地盤中のケーソン沈設部に、あらかじめ、軟泥化した壁体を造成し、ケーソンを支力装置で支え、ケーソンの沈下量を支力装置で制御しながら、ケーソンをその軟泥化した壁体中に沈下させることを特徴とするケーソン沈設工法を提供する。
【0009】
さらに、この出願においては、前記のケーソン沈設工法について、第二の発明として、ケーソン沈設部に、あらかじめ、水または泥水と、気泡材および/または高吸水性ポリマーとを混合攪拌して、軟泥化した壁体を造成する請求項1のケーソン沈設工法を、第3の発明として、水または泥水とともに土および/または粘土も混合攪拌するのケーソンの沈設工法を提供する。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
そして、この出願は、以上の第1〜第3の発明について、さらに第4の発明として、軟泥化した壁体の厚さをケーソンの壁体厚さよりも厚くするケーソン沈設工法を、第5の発明として、天端より刃口まで貫通した貫通孔をケーソンにあらかじめ設け、ケーソン沈設の完了後に、この貫通孔より固化材を注入し、ケーソン先端部を固化させるケーソン沈設工法を、第6の発明として、天端より刃口まで貫通した貫通孔をケーソンにあらかじめ設け、ケーソン沈設の完了後に、この貫通孔より固化材を軟泥化した壁体中に注入して攪拌し、ケーソン外周部を固化させ、その外周部を止水層化するケーソン沈設工法を、第7の発明として、外壁に断熱材を取り付けたケーソンを沈下させるケーソン沈設工法をも提供する。
【0011】
さらに、この出願においては、以上のケーソン沈設工法において、第の発明として、軟泥化した壁体を造成するために、対象土が粘性土の場合には、高吸水ポリマー液と気泡材の混合水液、またはベントナイト液と気泡材との混合水液を、対象土が砂質土の場合には、高吸水ポリマー液と気泡材との混合水液を用いるケーソン沈設工法をも提供する。
【0012】
以上のとおりの工法によって、従来のケーソン沈設工法の適用が困難であった対象地盤の硬軟条件が不適切な場合や、ケーソンの平面形状が非対称な場合においても、ケーソンを容易に沈設することが可能となる。
また、この発明においては、従来のケーソン沈設工法と比べて、垂直沈下性を格段に向上させることもできる。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
この発明のケーソン沈設工法は、例えば添付した図面の図1から図6に例示した手順によって施工を行うことができる。
すなわち、まずはじめに、例えば図1に例示したように、対象地盤(1)に対して、ケーソン壁体の沈設部分の現状土を壁体の厚さと同じ、あるいはより厚く軟泥化させて軟泥化壁体(2)を形成する。この軟泥化壁体は、築造する構造物により形状がことなるが、この例の場合には矩形をなしており、図1においては、施工完了部分(21)と、施工未完了部分(22)とが平面図として示してある。
【0014】
このケーソン沈設部分の現状土を軟泥化させる方法としては、例えば、削孔混練機等に代表されるソイルミキシングウォールまたはソイルミキシングパイル等の超泥土施工機(3)により行うことができる。
すなわち、その軟泥化壁体の造成は、削孔混練機により原位置土を削孔しつつ、その先端部より土、粘土、泥水、気泡材、高吸水ポリマー等を吐出しつつ混合・攪拌し、均一にそれらの土、粘土、泥水、気泡材、高吸水ポリマー等を混練し軟泥化させる。
【0015】
例えばチキソトロピー性の大きい土の場合には、粘土泥水と微少粒の気泡材を適宜同時に混入させると程度の良い軟泥化壁体が得られる。
軟泥化壁体は原位置土よりも比重が小さくなる。通常は比重を0.8〜1.3程度に調整するのがよい。比重を1以下にするには、微少粒の気泡材の混入量を上げることにより容易に達成できる。また気泡材に代わり、スチレンビーズのような軽量な材料を混入することによっても得られる。
【0016】
その後、例えば図2に例示したように、ケーソン壁体(4)を地上に形成し、そのケーソン壁体(4)を複数のジャッキなどの支力装置(5)により支える。このとき、支力装置(5)によるケーソン壁体(4)の支え方としては、例えばH鋼などの支柱(10)を水平に位置させ、その支柱(10)を介して、支力装置(5)とケーソン壁体(4)とを接続してもよい。
【0017】
次に、例えば図3に例示したように、ジャッキなどの支力装置(5)により、ケーソン壁体(4)の沈下量を均等に制御しながら、ケーソン壁体(4)を軟泥化壁体(2)中に沈設する。このとき、ケーソン壁体(4)は、対象地盤(1)の硬軟条件の影響や、ケーソンの重心と反力位置の不一致による影響などを受けることなく、垂直にかつ容易に軟泥化壁体(2)中に沈設させることができる。
【0018】
次に、例えば図4に例示したように、ケーソンの沈設が完了後にジャッキ等を撤去するとき、ケーソンの自沈が生じるほど原地盤が軟弱な場合には、グラウト管(6)を、ケーソンの天端より刃口まで貫通させておき、そのグラウト管(6)の先端部よりセメントミルクなどの固化材(7)を注入し、ケーソンの先端部およびその周辺部を固化させて、ケーソンの自沈を止めることもできる。
【0019】
またさらに、このとき、ケーソンのアップリフト防止のために、アースアンカーなどを打設してもよい。
続いては、例えば図5に例示したように、ケーソン壁体(4)を沈設したのち、その内部を掘削機(8)を用いて掘削する。この掘削機は、ケーソンの形状や地盤の性状によって、自在に選定することができる。
【0020】
最後に、例えば図6に例示したように、底盤コンクリート(9)や基礎杭を打設する。
なお、この発明のケーソン沈設工法により地下室の構築を行う場合には、地下室の結露が問題となる。このような場合には、前記ケーソン壁体(4)の外壁部に、ポリスチレンフォーム板やポリウレタン板等の適切な厚さの断熱材を貼り付け、沈設することにより、ケーソン内部の結露を防止することができる。
【0021】
従来のケーソン沈設工法では、ケーソン外壁部にこのような断熱材を貼り付けてから、ケーソンを沈設すると、断熱材と周辺の土との摩擦により断熱材が破断してしまい、結果として、このような工法は採用できなかったが、この発明のケーソン沈設工法においては、ケーソン周辺の土は軟泥化しているので、断熱材が破断することはない。
【0022】
また、この発明においては、断熱材だけではなく、例えば、前記ケーソン壁体(4)の外部に水平方向に浮力対抗壁を張り出させて沈下させることもできる。さらに、前記図4において、軟泥化中に固化材を注入・混合攪拌し固化させることにより、止水層を容易に造成できる。
この発明のケーソン沈設工法においては、ケーソンの沈設を終了後にケーソン内部の土砂の掘削を一度期に行うので、効率の良い施工ができ、さらに、ケーソンの側壁の厚さは常に強度上最適な厚さでよく、沈下力を増大させるために強度上必要な厚さ以上に厚くする必要はない、などの付加的なメリットも存在する。
【0023】
さらに、この発明においては、例えば図7(A)に例示したように、支力装置の一例としてスクリュージャッキ(51)を用いることができ、そのスクリュージャッキ(51)によるケーソン壁体(4)の支え方として、例えばH鋼などの支柱(10)を水平に位置させ、その支柱(10)とスクリュージャッキの稼働部(52)とはボルトにより固定し、その支柱とケーソン壁体とは、PC棒(11)などを介して、固定してもよい。
【0024】
そして、図7(B)に例示したように、スクリュージャッキ(51)を稼働させることにより、支柱(10)を低下させて、ケーソン壁体(4)を軟泥化壁体(2)内に沈設することができる。
以下、実施例を示し、さらに詳しくこの発明について説明する。
【0025】
【実施例】
実施例1
この発明のケーソン沈設工法を、実際に茨城県つくば市内の工事に用いた。
ケーソンの形状は矩形であり、その有効寸法は、4.1×12.0mであり、沈設深さは3.2m、壁厚は0.25mであった。
【0026】
地盤は関東ローム層(0〜2.7m)および帯水砂層(2.7〜3.2m)であった。
まずはじめに、ソイルセメントパイル機械でケーソンの周辺に直径0.60mの軟泥化壁体の柱を造成した。
その後、ケーソン壁体を複数のジャッキにより支えた。ジャッキはスクリュージャッキで、形式J4A、要領20t/本、動力4kW/台、速度は20〜50mm/分のものを用いた。
【0027】
そのジャッキにより、ケーソン壁体の沈下量を均等に制御しながら、ケーソン壁体を沈設させた。
このとき、ケーソン壁体は、対象地盤の硬軟条件の影響や、ケーソンの重心と反力位置の不一致による影響などを受けることなく、垂直にかつ容易に軟泥化壁体中に沈設させることができた。
実施例2
この発明のケーソン沈設工法において、対象土と泥水・気泡材を混合・攪拌し軟泥化壁体をつくったとき、軟泥化壁体の性状、すなわち、対象土が分離、沈降しないか、さらに、軟泥化壁体の硬さはケーソンの沈設に問題がないかを調べるために、室内予備試験を行った。
【0028】
メスシリンダー中にて、現状土(対象土)を5.0リットルと、泥水、気泡材液の混合液2.5リットルを混合・攪拌し、ア)対象土が分離または沈降しないか、イ)軟泥化壁体の固さがケーソンの沈設に適しているかを調べた。
現状土は砂質土および粘性土の2種類を使用し、混合液は各土に対し、表1に例示したように4種類を使用した。
【0029】
【表1】

Figure 0004148554
【0030】
この表1において、ワップ液は高吸水ポリマーの一種であり、気泡材としてはパリックFA100を用いた。
その試験結果は表2に例示した通りであった。表中の「固い」の意味は、対象土に沈降または分離を生じたことを示し、すなわち、この場合、この軟泥化壁体となる混合液はケーソンの沈設には適さない。
【0031】
また、「良好」、「良」、「やや良」の意味は、対象土に分離または沈降が生じず、かつ、対象土がケーソンの沈降に適した柔らかさを保持していることを示す。
【0032】
【表2】
Figure 0004148554
【0033】
この実験により、対象土が粘性土の場合には、ワップ液+気泡材、または、ベントナイト液+気泡材が最適であり、対象土が砂質土の場合には、ワップ液+気泡材が最適であった。
実施例3
原位置で直径600mmの削孔混練機を使用し、深さ3.2mの軟泥化した溝を3本を1組とし、2組造成した。
【0034】
その軟泥化溝構築のための混合液は、A)高吸水性ポリマー+気泡材、B)ベントナイト+気泡材とし、現状土1m3 当たりにそれらの混合液を0.4m3 を混合・攪拌した。
このA)の混合液の場合、高吸水性ポリマーとして、ワップ液1,500kgを用い、気泡材としてパリックFA100、3,300kgを用い、これらを水250リットルに混合して混合液を作成した。
【0035】
また、B)の混合液の場合、#250ベントナイト、0.400kg、気泡材としてのパリックFA100、3,300kgを水250リットルに混合して混合液を作成した。
現状土は土質調査の結果、表層1mは盛上、それ以深はN値<5の締まっていない帯水した砂層であり、孔壁の安定の困難な土層と言える。
【0036】
掘削後7日の状態では、孔壁の崩壊は全く見られず安定していた。また、直径16mmの異形鉄筋(D−16)を貫入させたところ、各軟泥化壁体とも、1.5〜2mは自沈をし、それ以深は軽く押すだけで貫入した。
このことより使用した混合液は、本発明の工法に使用できるものであることが判明した。
【0037】
【発明の効果】
以上詳しく述べた通り、この発明により、対象地盤が硬すぎたり軟らかすぎるといった硬軟条件が不適切な場合や、ケーソン平面形状が非対称な場合でも、ケーソンを容易に沈設させることが可能となる。
さらに、地下室の構築が容易となり、安価にかつ良質の地下室を提供することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】この発明の施工手順としての軟泥化壁体(2)の造成を例示した縦断面図と平面図である。
【図2】施工手順としてのケーソン壁体(4)の地上での形成を例示した縦断面図である。
【図3】ケーソン壁体(4)の軟泥化壁体(2)中への沈下を例示した縦断面図である。
【図4】固化材の注入を例示した縦断面図である。
【図5】掘削について例示した縦断面図である。
【図6】底盤コンクリートの打設を例示した縦断面図である。
【図7】(A)(B)はスクリュージャッキを用いた場合の例を示した概略断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 対象地盤
2 軟泥化壁体
21 施工完了部分
22 施工未完了部分
3 超泥土施工機
4 ケーソン壁体
5 支力装置
51 スクリュージャッキ
52 スクリュージャッキの稼働部
6 グラウト管
7 固化材
8 掘削機
9 底盤コンクリート
10 支柱
11 PC棒[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention of this application relates to a caisson laying method. More specifically, the invention of this application relates to a new caisson laying method useful for caisson laying in cases where the soft and soft conditions such as the ground are too hard or soft, and caisson laying asymmetrical plane shapes, etc. Is.
[0002]
[Prior art and its problems]
Conventionally, the caisson laying method is often performed in the foundation work of a building structure or the construction of an underground structure.
In this method, a caisson is constructed on the sink design drawing position, and the caisson is submerged in the ground while excavating the caisson inside and the soil of the cutting edge. A balance between a certain subsidence force and a subsidence resistance force that resists the subsidence is considered.
[0003]
However, although the caisson laying method is evaluated as an excellent method in terms of economy and water-stopping as a foundation method or as a basement construction method, the caisson flatness or the caisson plane In reality, there are many restrictions on the shape, and in practice it is not a general-purpose construction method.
For example, as a restriction due to the soft and soft conditions of the target ground, in hard ground such as well-consolidated gravel ground and diluvial clay layer, subsidence resistance is large and subsidence only by its own weight is difficult. In soft ground such as clay layer and humus soil layer, subsidence resistance is less than the caisson's own weight, resulting in excessive subsidence, which in any case will hinder caisson construction. .
[0004]
In order to deal with such problems, in the case of hard ground, measures such as increasing the caisson wall thickness more than necessary or increasing the sinking force by placing a load on the ground are taken. The increase in effort, time, and cost to do so is enormous.
On the other hand, in the case of soft ground, the caisson's own weight is greater than the resistance to settlement.For example, by improving the ground such as the chemicopile method or chemical injection method, the strength of the ground is increased and the resistance to settlement is increased. However, even in this case, there are problems such as taking time and increasing costs.
[0005]
Furthermore, in many cases, the actual target ground is composed of a hard layer and a soft layer, and in such a case, it is very difficult to apply the caisson laying method. In addition, there is a problem that the caisson plane shape is restricted.
The caisson needs to sink precisely vertically after building the wall body with concrete in the ground in advance, but if the position of the center of gravity of the caisson's sinking force and the resultant position of the sinking resistance force do not match, The caisson does not sink well vertically.
[0006]
Such a mismatch between the position of the center of gravity of the caisson's settlement force and the resultant position of the settlement resistance force occurs when the planar shape of the caisson is not a square or a rectangle close to a square.
Therefore, it is said that the rectangular shape of the caisson is preferably a rectangle close to a square. When the planar shape is not the target, or when the ratio of the short side to the long side is 4 or more, it is difficult to sink vertically. In this case, the caisson construction method was not applicable.
[0007]
The invention of this application was made in view of the problems of the prior art as described above, and even when the softness and softness conditions of the target ground are inappropriate or when the caisson plane shape is asymmetric, the caisson can be easily made vertical. The issue is to provide a new caisson construction method that can be installed.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the problems as described above, this application is a caisson laying method in which a caisson in which a buoyancy-resistant wall is projected in the horizontal direction outside the caisson wall body is laid in the ground as a first invention. Te, the sinking of the caisson in the ground, in advance, to construct a ooze of the wall, support the caisson in支力apparatus, while controlling the subsidence of the caisson in支力device, and the ooze of the caisson wall Provided is a caisson laying method characterized by being submerged in the body.
[0009]
Furthermore, in this application, the said caisson sinking method, as a second invention, the caisson sinking portion, in advance, with water or mud, and a gas Awazai and / or superabsorbent polymer were mixed and stirred, ooze According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a caisson setting method for mixing and stirring soil and / or clay together with water or mud water.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
And as for this invention, the caisson laying construction method which makes the thickness of the soft mud wall body thicker than the wall body thickness of the caisson is the fifth invention. As a sixth aspect of the invention, a caisson laying method in which a through-hole penetrating from the top to the blade edge is provided in the caisson in advance, and after completion of caisson laying, a solidifying material is injected from the through-hole to solidify the caisson tip. The caisson has a through-hole penetrating from the top to the blade edge in advance, and after the caisson has been set, the solidified material is injected into the softened wall from the through-hole and stirred to solidify the outer periphery of the caisson. As a seventh aspect of the caisson laying method for forming a waterstop layer on the outer peripheral portion, a caisson laying method for sinking a caisson having a heat insulating material attached to the outer wall is also provided.
[0011]
Furthermore, in this application, in the caisson laying construction method described above, as an eighth invention, in order to create a soft mud wall, when the target soil is a viscous soil, a mixture of a superabsorbent polymer solution and a foam material is mixed. A caisson laying method is also provided which uses a water solution or a mixed water solution of bentonite liquid and a foam material, and, when the target soil is sandy soil, a mixed water solution of a superabsorbent polymer liquid and a foam material.
[0012]
With the construction method described above, the caisson can be easily laid even when the softness and softness conditions of the target ground where the application of the conventional caisson laying method has been difficult or when the caisson planar shape is asymmetrical. It becomes possible.
Moreover, in this invention, compared with the conventional caisson laying construction method, vertical settlement property can also be improved markedly.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The caisson laying method according to the present invention can be performed, for example, according to the procedure illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 6 of the attached drawings.
That is, first, as illustrated in FIG. 1, for example, for the target ground (1), the current soil of the caisson wall body is softened to the same thickness as the wall body or thicker to make the soft mud wall. Form body (2). Although this soft mud wall has a different shape depending on the structure to be built, in this example, it has a rectangular shape. In FIG. 1, the construction completion part (21) and the construction incomplete part (22). Are shown as plan views.
[0014]
As a method for softening the current soil of the caisson-settled portion, for example, a super mud construction machine (3) such as a soil mixing wall or a soil mixing pile represented by a drilling kneader can be used.
In other words, the soft mud wall is created by mixing and stirring while discharging the soil, clay, muddy water, bubble material, superabsorbent polymer, etc. from the tip while drilling the in situ soil with a drill kneader. The soil, clay, mud, foam material, super absorbent polymer, etc. are uniformly kneaded and softened.
[0015]
For example, in the case of soil having a high thixotropic property, a soft mud wall having a good degree can be obtained by mixing clay mud water and fine-grained foam material at the same time.
The soft mud wall has a lower specific gravity than the original soil. Usually, the specific gravity should be adjusted to about 0.8 to 1.3. In order to make the specific gravity 1 or less, it can be easily achieved by increasing the mixing amount of the micro-bubble material. Moreover, it can also be obtained by mixing a lightweight material such as styrene beads in place of the bubble material.
[0016]
Thereafter, for example, as illustrated in FIG. 2, the caisson wall (4) is formed on the ground, and the caisson wall (4) is supported by a supporting device (5) such as a plurality of jacks. At this time, as a method of supporting the caisson wall body (4) by the supporting device (5), for example, a support (10) such as H steel is horizontally positioned, and the supporting device ( 5) and the caisson wall (4) may be connected.
[0017]
Next, for example, as illustrated in FIG. 3, the caisson wall body (4) is soft mudified wall body while the subsidence amount of the caisson wall body (4) is uniformly controlled by a supporting device (5) such as a jack. (2) Set in. At this time, the caisson wall body (4) can be easily and vertically softened without being affected by the hard / soft condition of the target ground (1) or by the mismatch between the center of gravity of the caisson and the reaction force position. 2) It can be set inside.
[0018]
Next, as shown in FIG. 4, for example, when removing the jack or the like after the caisson is completed, if the ground is so soft that caisson self-sink occurs, the grout tube (6) is connected to the caisson ceiling. It is allowed to penetrate from the end to the blade edge, and a solidifying material (7) such as cement milk is injected from the tip of the grout tube (6) to solidify the tip of the caisson and its peripheral part, thereby allowing the caisson to settle down. You can also stop.
[0019]
Furthermore, at this time, an earth anchor or the like may be placed to prevent the caisson uplift.
Subsequently, for example, as illustrated in FIG. 5, after caisson wall body (4) is sunk, the inside thereof is excavated using excavator (8). This excavator can be freely selected according to the shape of the caisson and the properties of the ground.
[0020]
Finally, for example, as shown in FIG. 6, bottom concrete (9) and foundation piles are placed.
In addition, when constructing a basement by the caisson laying method of the present invention, condensation in the basement becomes a problem. In such a case, dew condensation inside the caisson is prevented by sticking and setting a heat insulating material of an appropriate thickness such as a polystyrene foam plate or a polyurethane plate on the outer wall portion of the caisson wall body (4). be able to.
[0021]
In the conventional caisson laying method, when such a heat insulating material is pasted on the outer wall of the caisson and then the caisson is set, the heat insulating material is broken due to friction between the heat insulating material and the surrounding soil. However, in the caisson laying method of the present invention, since the soil around the caisson is soft mud, the heat insulating material does not break.
[0022]
In the present invention, not only the heat insulating material but also, for example, a buoyancy-resistant wall can be projected in the horizontal direction outside the caisson wall body (4) to be sunk. Furthermore, in FIG. 4, the water-stopping layer can be easily formed by injecting, mixing and stirring the solidifying material during the soft mud to solidify.
In the caisson laying method of this invention, since the excavation of the earth and sand inside the caisson is carried out once after the caisson laying is finished, efficient construction can be performed, and the thickness of the side wall of the caisson is always the optimum thickness in terms of strength. However, there is an additional merit such that it is not necessary to increase the thickness beyond the thickness necessary for increasing the settlement force.
[0023]
Furthermore, in this invention, as illustrated in FIG. 7A, for example, a screw jack (51) can be used as an example of a supporting device, and the caisson wall body (4) by the screw jack (51) can be used. As a supporting method, for example, a support (10) such as H steel is positioned horizontally, and the support (10) and the operating portion (52) of the screw jack are fixed with bolts. The support and the caisson wall are PC You may fix through a stick | rod (11) etc.
[0024]
Then, as illustrated in FIG. 7B, by operating the screw jack (51), the support (10) is lowered, and the caisson wall body (4) is set in the soft mud wall body (2). can do.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples.
[0025]
【Example】
Example 1
The caisson laying method of this invention was actually used for construction in Tsukuba City, Ibaraki Prefecture.
The caisson was rectangular in shape, and its effective dimensions were 4.1 × 12.0 m, the depth of settling was 3.2 m, and the wall thickness was 0.25 m.
[0026]
The ground was a Kanto loam layer (0-2.7 m) and an aquifer sand layer (2.7-3.2 m).
First, a column of soft mud wall with a diameter of 0.60 m was created around the caisson with a soil cement pile machine.
Thereafter, the caisson wall was supported by a plurality of jacks. The jack was a screw jack, and the type J4A, the procedure was 20 t / piece, the power was 4 kW / unit, and the speed was 20 to 50 mm / min.
[0027]
With the jack, the caisson wall body was sunk while the amount of caisson wall body sinking was controlled uniformly.
At this time, the caisson wall body can be easily and vertically placed in the soft mud wall body without being affected by the hardness and softness conditions of the target ground or the influence of the mismatch between the center of gravity of the caisson and the reaction force position. It was.
Example 2
In the caisson laying method of the present invention, when mixing and stirring the target soil and muddy water / bubble material to create a soft mud wall, the properties of the soft mud wall, i.e., the target soil does not separate and settle, In order to examine whether the hardness of the wall was sufficient for caisson settling, an indoor preliminary test was conducted.
[0028]
In a graduated cylinder, mix and stir 5.0 liters of the current soil (target soil) and 2.5 liters of a mixture of muddy water and foam material liquid. A) Whether the target soil does not separate or settle. It was investigated whether the soft mud wall was suitable for caisson settling.
As the present soil, two types of sandy soil and viscous soil were used, and four types of mixed liquids were used as shown in Table 1 for each soil.
[0029]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004148554
[0030]
In Table 1, the wap liquid is a kind of highly water-absorbing polymer, and Paric FA100 was used as the foam material.
The test results were as shown in Table 2. The meaning of “hard” in the table indicates that sedimentation or separation has occurred in the target soil, that is, in this case, the mixed liquid that becomes the soft mud wall is not suitable for caisson deposition.
[0031]
In addition, the meanings of “good”, “good”, and “slightly good” indicate that separation or sedimentation does not occur in the target soil, and the target soil retains a softness suitable for caisson sedimentation.
[0032]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004148554
[0033]
According to this experiment, when the target soil is a viscous soil, the wap solution + bubble material or the bentonite solution + bubble material is optimal, and when the target soil is sandy soil, the wap solution + bubble material is optimal. Met.
Example 3
Using a drilling and kneading machine with a diameter of 600 mm at the original position, three sets of softened mud grooves with a depth of 3.2 m were formed into two sets.
[0034]
The mixed liquid for the construction of the soft mud groove was A) super absorbent polymer + bubble material, B) bentonite + bubble material, and 0.4 m 3 of the mixed liquid was mixed and stirred per 1 m 3 of the current soil. .
In the case of the mixed liquid of A), 1,500 kg of the wap liquid was used as the superabsorbent polymer, and Paric FA100, 3,300 kg was used as the foam material, and these were mixed with 250 liters of water to prepare a mixed liquid.
[0035]
In the case of the mixed solution of B), # 250 bentonite, 0.400 kg, Paric FA100 as a foam material, 3,300 kg were mixed with 250 liters of water to prepare a mixed solution.
As a result of the soil survey, the present soil is a ground layer with a surface layer of 1 m, and deeper than that, an aerated sand layer with N value <5, which is difficult to stabilize the hole wall.
[0036]
In the state 7 days after excavation, the collapse of the hole wall was not seen at all and was stable. Further, when deformed reinforcing bars (D-16) having a diameter of 16 mm were penetrated, each softened mud wall was self-settled for 1.5 to 2 m, and after that, it was penetrated simply by pressing lightly.
From this, it was found that the mixed solution used was usable for the method of the present invention.
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
As described in detail above, according to the present invention, the caisson can be easily laid even when the soft and soft conditions such that the target ground is too hard or soft are inappropriate or when the caisson plane shape is asymmetric.
Furthermore, the basement can be easily constructed, and a high-quality basement can be provided at low cost.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view and a plan view illustrating the formation of a soft mud wall (2) as a construction procedure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating the formation of a caisson wall body (4) on the ground as a construction procedure.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating the sinking of a caisson wall body (4) into a soft mud wall body (2).
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating the injection of a solidifying material.
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating excavation.
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating placement of bottom concrete.
7A and 7B are schematic cross-sectional views showing an example in which a screw jack is used.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Target ground 2 Soft mud wall body 21 Construction completion part 22 Construction incomplete part 3 Super mud construction machine 4 Caisson wall body 5 Supporting device 51 Screw jack 52 Operation part of screw jack 6 Grout pipe 7 Solidified material 8 Excavator 9 Bottom base Concrete 10 Prop 11 PC bar

Claims (8)

ケーソン壁体の外部に水平方向に浮力対抗壁を張り出させたケーソンを地盤中に沈設するケーソン沈設工法であって、地盤中のケーソンの沈設部に、あらかじめ、軟泥化した壁体を造成し、ケーソンを支力装置で支え、ケーソンの沈下量を支力装置で制御しながら、ケーソンをその軟泥化した壁体中に沈下させることを特徴とするケーソン沈設工法。  A caisson laying method in which a caisson with a buoyancy-resistant wall extending in the horizontal direction outside the caisson wall is submerged in the ground. The caisson laying method is characterized in that the caisson is supported by a supporting device and the caisson is submerged in the soft mud wall while the caisson sinking amount is controlled by the supporting device. ケーソン沈設部に、あらかじめ、水または泥水と、気泡材および/または高吸水性ポリマーとを混合攪拌して、軟泥化した壁体を造成する請求項1のケーソン沈設工法。The caisson sinking portion, in advance, with water or mud, air Awazai and / or a superabsorbent polymer were mixed by stirring caisson sinking method of claim 1, construct a ooze of the wall. 水または泥水とともに土および/または粘土も混合攪拌する請求項2のケーソン沈設工法。  The caisson laying method according to claim 2, wherein soil and / or clay is mixed and stirred together with water or muddy water. 軟泥化した壁体の厚さをケーソンの壁体厚さよりも厚くする請求項1ないし3のいずれかのケーソン沈設工法。  4. The caisson laying method according to claim 1, wherein the wall thickness of the soft mud is thicker than the wall thickness of the caisson. 請求項1ないし4のいずれかのケーソン沈設工法において、天端より刃口まで貫通した貫通孔をケーソンにあらかじめ設け、ケーソン沈設の完了後に、この貫通孔より固化材を注入し、ケーソン先端部を固化させることを特徴とするケーソン沈設工法。  5. The caisson laying method according to claim 1, wherein a through-hole penetrating from the top to the blade edge is provided in the caisson in advance, and after the caisson laying is completed, a solidifying material is injected from the through-hole, Caisson laying method characterized by solidification. 請求項1ないし5のいずれかのケーソン沈設工法において、天端より刃口まで貫通した貫通孔をケーソンにあらかじめ設け、ケーソン沈設の完了後に、この貫通孔より固化材を軟泥化した壁体中に注入して攪拌し、ケーソン外周部を固化させ、その外周部を止水層化することを特徴とするケーソン沈設工法。  In the caisson laying construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, a through hole penetrating from the top to the blade edge is provided in the caisson in advance, and after the caisson laying is completed, the solidified material is softened from the through hole into the wall body. A caisson laying method characterized by pouring and stirring, solidifying the outer periphery of the caisson, and forming a water-stopping layer on the outer periphery. 請求項1ないし6のいずれかのケーソン沈設工法において、外壁に断熱材を取り付けたケーソンを沈下させることを特徴とするケーソン沈設工法。  7. The caisson laying method according to claim 1, wherein a caisson having a heat insulating material attached to an outer wall is sunk. 請求項1ないし7のいずれかのケーソン沈設工法において、対象土が粘性土の場合には高吸水ポリマー液と気泡材の混合水液、またはベントナイト液と気泡材との混合水液を、対象土が砂質土の場合には、高吸水ポリマー液と気泡材との混合水液を混合攪拌して軟泥化した壁体を造成することを特徴とするケーソン沈設工法。  The caisson laying method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein when the target soil is a viscous soil, a mixed water solution of a superabsorbent polymer solution and a foam material or a mixed water solution of a bentonite solution and a foam material is used. In case of sandy soil, the caisson laying method is characterized in that a mixed water solution of a superabsorbent polymer solution and a foam material is mixed and stirred to create a soft mud wall.
JP04831498A 1998-02-27 1998-02-27 Caisson installation method Expired - Lifetime JP4148554B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP04831498A JP4148554B2 (en) 1998-02-27 1998-02-27 Caisson installation method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP04831498A JP4148554B2 (en) 1998-02-27 1998-02-27 Caisson installation method

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH11247200A JPH11247200A (en) 1999-09-14
JP4148554B2 true JP4148554B2 (en) 2008-09-10

Family

ID=12799963

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP04831498A Expired - Lifetime JP4148554B2 (en) 1998-02-27 1998-02-27 Caisson installation method

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP4148554B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4904590B2 (en) * 2007-06-22 2012-03-28 清水建設株式会社 Open caisson construction method
JP4942230B1 (en) * 2010-11-29 2012-05-30 賢治 町筋 Submersible method and equipment for submerged method
JP2015063669A (en) * 2013-08-27 2015-04-09 有限会社マグマ Composition for foundation digging/pouring material, foundation digging/pouring material, and operation method using the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH11247200A (en) 1999-09-14

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN106948340B (en) A kind of construction method of the Manual excavated pile structure of high polymer grouting protection
US10676890B2 (en) Retaining wall system, method of supporting same, and kit for use in constructing same
CN101008178B (en) Soft base processing construction process using excavating and stirring method
JPS60500875A (en) Method and device for constructing reinforced concrete walls underground
JP4148554B2 (en) Caisson installation method
JP4029191B2 (en) Subsidence suppression structure, construction method of settlement suppression structure
JP2003147782A (en) Foundation structure for constructing new building on existing basement and its construction method
CN111254939A (en) Foundation pit enclosure strengthening method for soft soil foundation
JP3676441B2 (en) Pit and construction method of basement using it
KR101021913B1 (en) A method for constructing cut-off temporary structure for sheathing work
JP2003055986A (en) Building foundation structure on soft ground and construction method thereof
KR20190036318A (en) Construction apparatus of Taper type pile and Construction method of Taper type pile
JP3760343B2 (en) Drilling bottom stabilization method and construction method of underground building
CN207244657U (en) A kind of vertical antifouling isolation wall construction of both sides ground local stiffening type
JP4189078B2 (en) Construction method of underground structure in liquefied ground
CN220704533U (en) Grid-shaped wallboard structure for reinforcing ultra-large sludge deep foundation pit
CN114164726B (en) Local deep excavation backfill structural roadbed and rapid construction method
JPH0627405B2 (en) Ready-made pile burying method
CN106638621A (en) Implanting method of prefabricated plate pile
CN209620034U (en) Active X-shaped double-row pile foundation pit support structure
CN115450082A (en) Light curing modification construction method for soft soil
JPH09119141A (en) Self-supported pole erection method
JPH0442493B2 (en)
JP2001164550A (en) Improvement method of construction ground for underground structure
JPH0776844A (en) Method of settling open caisson

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A521 Written amendment

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 19991006

A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20041125

A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20061115

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20061128

A521 Written amendment

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20070125

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20070320

A521 Written amendment

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20070517

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20070828

A521 Written amendment

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20071029

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20080205

A521 Written amendment

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20080407

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20080603

A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20080624

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110704

Year of fee payment: 3

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110704

Year of fee payment: 3

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120704

Year of fee payment: 4

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120704

Year of fee payment: 4

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130704

Year of fee payment: 5

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

EXPY Cancellation because of completion of term