JP4135369B2 - Garbage disposal equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a garbage disposal apparatus for discharging garbage by fermentation and decomposition with microorganisms.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is a garbage processing apparatus for processing garbage that is discarded from households by fermenting and decomposing the garbage with microorganisms. As shown in FIG. 5, the conventional garbage processing apparatus is provided on the upper surface of the decomposition tank 91 and the decomposition tank 91 which accommodates the garbage processing material and garbage as a carrier of microorganisms which fermentatively decompose organic matter. The garbage input port 29 into which raw garbage is input, the lid 92 that covers the garbage input port 29, and the decomposition product provided on the bottom surface of the decomposition tank 91 is discharged from the decomposition tank 91. The garbage discharge port 28, the exhaust fan 13 for exhausting the air in the decomposition tank 91 to the outside, the deodorizer 14 for deodorizing the exhaust gas in the decomposition tank 91, the garbage treatment material as a microorganism carrier and the food An agitation mechanism 26 for agitating the garbage, a motor 94 for driving the agitation mechanism 26, a drive belt 95 for transmitting the rotation of the motor 94 to the agitation mechanism 26, and a garbage for heating the garbage to a temperature at which microorganisms are activated. And a heater unit 96. It is.
[0003]
The stirring mechanism 26 is connected to a plurality of outer peripheral surfaces of the rotary shaft 26b so that the scoop-shaped stirring blades 26a are spirally wound clockwise in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 26b, and the rotary shaft 26b is driven by a motor 94 via a drive belt 95. By being driven to rotate, the stirring blade 26a rotates vertically in the decomposition tank 91, and the garbage and the garbage treatment material are uniformly mixed.
[0004]
When garbage is thrown into the decomposition tank 91 from the garbage throwing port 29, it falls to the surface of the garbage processing material stored in advance. The input garbage is mixed with the garbage treatment material little by little by the agitating mechanism 26, is fermented and decomposed by microorganisms to become a processed product, and is discharged from the garbage discharge port 28.
[0005]
By the way, in general, a large number of microorganisms live in the decomposition tank 91 including microorganisms that decompose garbage, and harmful microorganisms are input into the decomposition tank 91 depending on the state of the input garbage. There is a possibility. However, as shown in FIG. 6 showing the relationship between the temperature at which various microorganisms are inactivated and the exposure time, harmful microorganisms are generally weak against heat and are known to die by heat treatment for a certain period of time. In FIG. 6, the vertical axis is temperature [° C.] and the horizontal axis is time [h], Ev is enterovirus, Eh is enthamoeba cyst, Sa is Salmonella, A is roundworm egg, Sh is Shigella, T represents a rodential egg and Vc represents a Vibrio cholerae. By the way, the US Environmental Protection Agency states that three days of exposure at 55 ° C. are necessary for killing harmful microorganisms.
[0006]
However, it has been confirmed that harmful microorganisms are killed by antagonism with microorganisms that contribute to the decomposition of garbage without heating under such conditions. However, when the amount of input of garbage is small, the amount of heat generated during the fermentation decomposition process of garbage is reduced, and the temperature of the garbage treatment material is lowered. It turns out that it takes time to die. Even when the amount of garbage input is large, if the ambient temperature of the garbage processing apparatus is low, it similarly takes time until the harmful microorganisms are killed. This result is shown in FIG. 7 and shows the number of microorganisms with respect to the elapsed time from the addition of food poisoning bacteria to the food waste treatment material. In FIG. 7, the vertical axis is the number of microorganisms [cfu / g], the horizontal axis is the elapsed time [h], FIG. 7 (a) shows the temperature of the garbage treatment material of 45 to 50 ° C., and FIG. The case where the temperature of a garbage disposal material is 20-30 degreeC is each shown.
[0007]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 8, there is an appropriate temperature range for microorganisms to efficiently ferment and decompose garbage, and in order to kill harmful microorganisms, the garbage treatment material is heated to a high temperature with a heater or the like. In addition, microorganisms that decompose garbage may be sterilized together, and the garbage decomposition process may not proceed. Moreover, since the cost required for the heating increases, the operating cost of the garbage disposal device increases. In FIG. 8, the vertical axis represents the specific growth rate (decomposition rate of garbage) [μf / h] of microorganisms that decompose garbage, and the horizontal axis represents temperature [° C.].
[0008]
As shown in these results, in the conventional garbage processing device, in order to efficiently decompose the garbage, the inside of the decomposition tank is kept at a temperature suitable for the decomposition treatment. More than the time when harmful microorganisms die, the processed product is discharged after sufficiently fermenting and decomposing, so the microorganisms did not adhere to the discharged processed product. However, when trying to shorten the decomposition time, there is a possibility that microorganisms may be discharged from the decomposition tank 91 with the microorganisms attached to the processed material, and there is a garbage processing device that discharges the processed material in a state where the microorganisms are surely killed. It was desired.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Then, this invention was made | formed in view of the said problem, The place made into the objective is providing the garbage processing apparatus discharged | emitted in the state which the microorganisms adhering to the processed material were killed.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a garbage disposal apparatus of the present invention comprises the following arrangement. That is, in the invention according to claim 1, in the garbage processing apparatus, the microorganisms and the garbage for decomposing the garbage are stored in the decomposition tank, and the processed material decomposed by the microorganisms is taken out from the decomposition tank. A take-out flow path section where the processed product is transferred from the inside, and a heating which is provided in or near the take-out flow path section and heats the processed product at a temperature and time at which microorganisms attached to the process target to be killed die. Means, the take-out flow path portion also includes a damper portion formed so that the flow path of the take-out flow path portion can be opened and closed, and the flow path of the take-out flow path portion is closed by the damper portion, The processing product transferred from the decomposition tank is stored in the take-out flow path section, and the heating means is arranged to heat the stored processing product .
[0012]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided transfer means for pushing up the garbage in the decomposition tank upward in the decomposition tank and transferring the processed material from the decomposition tank to the take-out flow path portion. Is also provided.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
(First embodiment)
A first embodiment of a garbage disposal apparatus according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. The garbage processing apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a garbage processing unit 10 and a garbage input device 30. FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB ′ of FIG.
[0014]
The garbage processing unit 10 includes a garbage processing material as a carrier of microorganisms for fermenting and decomposing the garbage and a decomposition tank 11 for containing the garbage, an agitation mechanism 26 for agitating the garbage and the garbage processing material, An air supply fan 12 that sends outside air into the tank 11, an exhaust fan 13 that discharges air in the decomposition tank 11 to the outside air side, and a deodorizer 14 that deodorizes exhaust gas generated when microorganisms fermentatively decompose garbage with an oxidation catalyst. And a take-out pipe 16 serving as a take-out flow path section for taking out the processed product decomposed from the microorganisms from the decomposition tank 11, and a treatment as a heating means provided on the outer peripheral surface of the take-out pipe 16 for heating the microorganisms at a temperature and time. The object heater unit 42 and the ventilation pipe 17 that is connected to the air supply fan 12 and sends outside air into the decomposition tank 11 are provided.
[0015]
The decomposition tank 11 is made of a material such as iron, is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and is erected so that the axial direction is upside down. Two vent holes are provided in the upper end surface of the decomposition tank 11, and are connected to the air supply fan 12 and the deodorizer 14, respectively.
[0016]
The peripheral wall of the decomposition tank 11 is connected to the garbage input device 30 and is formed with a garbage input port 29 through which the garbage is input and a garbage output port 28 through which the processed material decomposed by the microorganisms is discharged. ing. The take-out pipe 16 is connected to the garbage discharge port 28, and the outside air side and the inside of the decomposition tank 11 are communicated with each other, and the processed material in the decomposition tank 11 is taken out through the garbage discharge port 28. On the outer peripheral surface of the take-out pipe 16, a processed product heater section 42 is attached as a heating means. In addition, you may comprise the decomposition tank 11 with materials, such as glass and a plastics.
[0017]
The stirring mechanism 26 includes a rice pad-shaped stirring blade and a rotating shaft to which the stirring blade is connected. The plurality of stirring blades are connected to the rotation shaft so as to be spirally wound in the axial direction of the rotation shaft, and the rotation shaft is provided in the decomposition tank 11 so as to be orthogonal to the axial direction of the decomposition tank 11. . By this stirring mechanism 26, the garbage processing material, garbage and air are efficiently mixed.
[0018]
The garbage input device 30 includes a box 31 formed in a substantially box shape, a crushing mechanism 35 that crushes the garbage stored in the box 31, and conveys the crushed garbage to the decomposition tank 11 side. Transport mechanism 33, a garbage input part 37 into which the user puts garbage, a lid body 38 that covers the garbage input part 37, and a bottom side wall of the box 31, which is connected to the garbage input port 29. And a carry-out port 39.
[0019]
The transport mechanism 33 includes a rotating shaft that is formed to be rotatable about the horizontal direction, and a thin plate that is spirally wound around the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft, and is crushed near the bottom of the box 31. It is provided below the mechanism 35. Since the conveyance mechanism 33 is a thin plate attached in a spiral shape and conveys garbage only in the direction of the carry-out port 39, the garbage processing material and the garbage stored in the decomposition tank 11 pass through the carry-out port 39. The garbage in the box 31 is conveyed back to the decomposition tank 11 through the garbage input port 29 little by little according to the rotational speed of the conveyance mechanism 33 without flowing back into the box 31.
[0020]
In addition, an air supply fan 12 that sends outside air into the decomposition tank 11, an exhaust fan 13 that discharges air in the decomposition tank 11 to the outside air side, and a deodorization that is connected to the exhaust fan 13 and deodorizes the exhaust gas in the decomposition tank 11. The vessel 14 is provided on the upper part of the decomposition tank 11 via a heat insulating member 41. The supply fan 12 and the exhaust fan 13 have the same configuration. The configuration includes a plurality of blades, a rotating shaft to which the blades are connected, and a motor that rotationally drives the rotating shaft. The supply fan 12 and the exhaust fan 13 are opposite to the upper end surface of the decomposition tank 11, that is, the supply fan 12 sends air into the decomposition tank 11, and the exhaust fan 13 is It is provided in a direction for discharging the air in the decomposition tank 11.
[0021]
The deodorizer 14 includes an oxidation catalyst and a heater, and performs deodorization by reacting the exhaust gas sucked into the deodorizer 14 with an oxidation catalyst heated to about 300 ° C. by the heater. The intake side of the deodorizer 14 is connected to a vent hole (not shown) provided in the upper end surface of the decomposition tank 11 to deodorize the exhaust gas in the decomposition tank 11 sucked by the exhaust fan 13 and to the outside air side. It is discharging.
[0022]
A branch pipe 18 is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the ventilation pipe 17 in a direction crossing the axial direction of the ventilation pipe 17. The ventilation pipe 17 and the branch pipe 18 are connected so as to be able to ventilate through the inside of the pipe, and the air flowing into the ventilation pipe 17 enters the decomposition tank 11 through a vent hole formed in the peripheral wall of the branch pipe 18. Supplied.
[0023]
Excess air supplied to the ventilation pipe 17 is exhausted out of the decomposition tank 11 through an air amount regulator 21 equipped with a throttle valve (not shown). When excess air is supplied into the decomposition tank 11 by the air supply fan 12, the air amount adjuster 21 converts all or part of the air supplied from the air supply fan 12 into the decomposition tank 11. When the throttle valve is opened so as to exhaust to the outside and discharged from the lower end portion 17a of the ventilation pipe 17, and the air in the decomposition tank 11 is insufficient, the throttle valve is throttled so that the exhaust amount becomes zero. Since all the air supplied from the air fan 12 is retained in the decomposition tank 11, an appropriate amount of air can be retained in the decomposition tank 11.
[0024]
The rotary blade 43 is formed so as to push the processed material present in the vicinity of the garbage discharge port 28 toward the peripheral wall side of the decomposition tank 11, and includes a garbage surface deposited in the decomposition tank 11 and the structure thereof. It is provided so as to be rotatable around the ventilation pipe 17 at a position across the upper gap of the decomposition tank 11 and is driven to rotate by a motor (not shown). The garbage driven to the peripheral wall side of the decomposition tank 11 by the rotating blades 43 is transferred to the extraction pipe 16 connected to the garbage discharge port 28 and taken out of the decomposition tank 11. Note that the lower side of the rotary blade 43 is formed in a comb-tooth shape, and prevents rotation from stopping when it comes into contact with garbage.
[0025]
The operation of this garbage disposal apparatus will be described below. When the garbage is input to the garbage input portion 37 of the garbage input device, it is crushed finely by the crushing mechanism 35. The crushed garbage is conveyed to the carry-out port 39 by the conveyance mechanism 33 and is introduced into the bottom of the decomposition tank 11 through the garbage input port 29. At the bottom of the decomposition tank 11, there is garbage that has been put in before that time, and the garbage is pushed by the garbage conveyed this time and moves above the decomposition tank 11. The garbage deposited in the decomposition tank 11 by the new garbage conveyed from the garbage input device is agitated with the garbage treatment material by the agitating mechanism 26 while sequentially moving upward in the decomposition tank 11, and microorganisms Is fermented and decomposed.
[0026]
The processed product moved to the upper part of the decomposition tank 11 is transferred to the take-out pipe 16 connected to the garbage discharge port 28 by the rotary blade 43. The treated product transferred to the take-out pipe 16 is heated by the treated product heater unit 42 provided in the take-out pipe 16 for a time and temperature at which harmful microorganisms are killed, and the garbage is treated in a sterilized state. It is discharged from the device.
[0027]
The time during which the processed product heater 42 heats the processed product is calculated from the discharge capacity of the extraction pipe 16. For example, if the volume of the processed material discharged from the take-out pipe 16 is 10 liters and 10 liters of processed material is discharged per day, the heating time is about 1 day. Further, as shown in FIG. 8, when the temperature is heated to about 70 ° C., at least microorganisms to be decomposed can be sterilized.
[0028]
In the present embodiment, the heating means provided in the take-out pipe 16 is the treatment product heater section 42, but not limited to the treatment product heater section 42, it may be heated by flowing warm water through a running water pipe, Further, the position where the heating means is provided may also be provided on the outer peripheral surface of the decomposition tank 11 as shown in FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC ′ of FIG. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3, a deodorizer 14 may be installed in the decomposition tank 11, and the processed product may be heated using heat radiated from the heated oxidation catalyst. FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD ′ of FIG. Further, in the present embodiment, the decomposition tank 11 is used upright, but it may be used so that the axial direction is horizontal, and in this case, since the garbage is transferred in the horizontal direction, Regardless of gravity or the weight of garbage, it can be easily transferred in the direction of the take-out pipe 16.
[0029]
As described above, the garbage treatment apparatus includes the treatment product heater unit 42 that heats the treatment product for the temperature and time at which the microorganisms are killed, and is provided in the take-out pipe 16, and the garbage in the decomposition tank 11 is disposed on the decomposition tank. Since the garbage input device 30 as a transfer means for transferring in the direction is also provided, the processed material can be discharged from the garbage processing device in a state where the microorganisms are killed, and the garbage is stably disposed in the decomposition tank 11. Can be transferred in one direction while being decomposed and discharged from the decomposition tank 11.
[0030]
(Second Embodiment)
A second embodiment according to the present invention will be described. In the garbage processing apparatus according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the flow path is formed in the extraction pipe 16 so that the flow path can be freely opened and closed, and the processed material is stored in the extraction pipe 16 by closing the flow path. A damper part 45 is provided. In addition, the same code | symbol is provided to the same location as 1st Embodiment. 4A shows a state in which the damper portion 45 is closed and the flow path of the extraction pipe 16 is closed. FIG. 4B shows the state in which the damper section 45 is opened and the extraction pipe 16 is closed. This shows a state in which the flow path is opened.
[0031]
The damper portion 45 is made of metal, plastic, or the like, and includes a flat plate that closes the flow path of the extraction pipe 16 and a rotation portion that is formed so as to be rotatable within the extraction pipe 16. The flow path of the extraction pipe 16 is closed or opened by rotating the flat plate in the extraction pipe 16. When the flow path is closed, the processed product transferred to the extraction pipe 16 can be stored in the extraction pipe 16, and conversely, when the flow path is opened, the processed product can be discharged from the extraction pipe 16 to the outside air side. The rotating unit is driven by a motor (not shown), and a control circuit (not shown) for controlling the operation of the damper unit 45 is electrically connected to the motor.
[0032]
The control circuit includes a timer unit for measuring time, and is electrically connected to the workpiece heater unit 42 and the damper unit 45. By this control circuit, the processing product heater 42 provided on the outer peripheral surface of the take-out pipe 16 is operated at the time desired by the user, and the opening / closing operation of the damper unit 45 is performed. The part 42 and the damper part 45 can be operated in conjunction with each other.
[0033]
As described above, since the damper portion 45 for freely closing / opening the flow path of the extraction pipe 16 is provided, if the discharge of the processed material is controlled by the damper section 45, it is transferred little by little from the decomposition tank 11 to the extraction pipe 16. If the processed products stored in the extraction pipe 16 are heated together in a time zone such as midnight when it is difficult to throw in garbage, the energy required for heating can be increased. It can be reduced.
[0034]
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above, but the present invention is not limited to this embodiment and can be implemented in various forms.
[0035]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the garbage processing apparatus according to claim 1 of the present invention stores the microorganisms and garbage which decompose the garbage in the decomposition tank, and takes out the processed material decomposed by the microorganisms from the decomposition tank. In the garbage treatment apparatus, the take-out flow path section where the processed product is transferred from the decomposition tank, and the temperature and time over which the microorganisms attached to the process target to be taken out are disposed at or near the take-out flow path section. The heating means for heating the processed product is provided, so that the processed product can be thermally sterilized and can be discharged from the garbage processing apparatus in a state where harmful microorganisms are killed. The take-out flow path section also includes a damper portion formed so that the flow path of the take-out flow path section can be freely opened and closed. The flow path of the take-out flow path section is closed by the damper section and transferred from the decomposition tank. Since the heating means is arranged to take out the product and store it in the flow path part and to heat the stored processed product, it becomes possible to heat the processed product taken out from the decomposition tank little by little. Can reduce the heat energy required for There is an effect that can.
[0037]
According to the garbage processing apparatus according to claim 2 of the present invention, in the invention according to claim 1, the garbage in the decomposition tank is pushed upward in the decomposition tank, and the processed material is taken out from the decomposition tank. Since the transfer means for transferring to the unit is also provided, the garbage can be stably decomposed and transferred in one direction to be discharged from the decomposition tank.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of a garbage disposal apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the garbage disposal apparatus. FIG. It is a figure which shows the Example from which a processing apparatus differs. FIG. 4 is a figure which shows 2nd Embodiment of the garbage processing apparatus concerning this invention. FIG. 5 is a figure which shows the conventional garbage processing apparatus. 6 is a diagram showing the time until the microorganisms die with respect to the temperature. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the number of microorganisms and the time. FIG. 8 shows the specific growth rate of the microorganisms with respect to the temperature. It is the figure shown [Explanation of symbols]
11 Decomposition tank 16 Take-out pipe 30 Input device 42 Processed heater 45 Damper

Claims (2)

In the garbage processing apparatus for storing the microorganisms and garbage for decomposing the garbage in the decomposition tank, and taking out the processed material decomposed by the microorganisms from the decomposition tank,
An extraction flow path section through which the processed material is transferred from the decomposition tank, and a temperature and time at which the microorganisms attached to the processed liquid to be extracted are disposed at or near the extraction flow path section are more than the time. Heating means for heating, the take- out flow path portion also includes a damper portion formed so that the flow path of the take-out flow path portion can be freely opened and closed, and the flow path of the take-out flow path portion is closed by the damper portion. The garbage processing apparatus is characterized in that the processing means transferred from the decomposition tank is stored in the take-out flow path section, and the heating means is arranged to heat the stored processing goods. . 2. The raw material according to claim 1, further comprising transfer means for pushing up the garbage in the decomposition tank upward in the decomposition tank and transferring the processed material from the decomposition tank to the take-out flow path portion. Garbage disposal device.

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