JP4127216B2 - Fuel supply device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fuel supply device, and is suitable for application to a fuel supply device that supplies fuel to each cylinder of an internal combustion engine from a fuel injection device (hereinafter referred to as an injector) assembled in a fuel distribution pipe, for example. .

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been known a fuel supply device in which an inlet of an injector is inserted into a plurality of distribution ports of a fuel distribution pipe that distributes fuel to each cylinder of an internal combustion engine, and fuel is supplied from each injector to each cylinder (Patent Document) 1 etc.). The fuel in the fuel distribution pipe has a pulsation caused by, for example, a reflected wave when the injector is closed.This fuel pulsation causes the fuel distribution pipe and related parts to vibrate and generates an annoying noise. Some are provided with a reduction device.

  For example, in Patent Document 2, mechanical components such as a diaphragm type partition damper are added as a pulsation reduction method.

In Patent Document 3, at least a part of a flat or arcuate outer wall portion of the outer wall of the fuel distribution pipe is formed by a flexible absorber surface, and fuel pulsation is reduced by bending the absorber surface.
JP 62-26561 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-141586 JP 2003-129920 A

  However, in the conventional configuration, since mechanical components such as a partition damper are added, there is a problem that cost and weight increase.

  In addition, when an existing internal combustion engine is deployed in a new model vehicle, pressure pulsation may increase due to a difference in piping or the like that leads fuel to a fuel distribution pipe for each new model vehicle.

  However, if the prior art of Patent Document 3 is applied to such a thing, in order to cope with pulsation reduction, fuel distribution pipes having different shapes, sizes, etc. of the outer wall of the absorber surface are provided as dedicated products. This may increase the number of fuel distribution pipes.

  In recent years, there are demands for low cost and light weight due to social demands such as resource saving.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of the above circumstances, and is easy in accordance with the magnitude of fuel pulsation caused by a vehicle having a different structure such as a fuel pipe with a simple structure in order to reduce the weight at a low cost. The object is to provide a fuel supply device that can be used.

According to claim 1 of the present invention, it includes a fuel distribution pipe with a communicating pipe having a fuel passage extending longitudinally therein and a connecting pipe opening into the communicating pipe crosses the communicating pipe, the connecting pipe, the fuel In the fuel supply device that is assembled by inserting the fuel inlet portion of the injection valve, an elastic member that absorbs fuel pulsation is provided in the fuel distribution pipe ,
And the elastic member has an opening through which fuel flows,
The opening has a smaller opening area when the fuel injection valve is closed than when the fuel injection valve is opened .

  According to this, since an elastic member that absorbs fuel pulsation is provided in the fuel distribution pipe that supplies fuel to the fuel inlet of the fuel injection valve, fuel pulsation caused by pressure waves generated when the fuel injection valve is closed is prevented. It can be absorbed or reduced by an elastic member having a relatively simple configuration.

Furthermore, when it is desired to apply to a fuel supply device mounted on a vehicle having different fuel pipes or the like, an elastic member corresponding to the pressure pulsation, for example, without dedicating the fuel distribution pipe itself depending on the magnitude of the generated pressure pulsation It can be easily handled by exchanging.
In addition, since the opening area of the opening through which the fuel flows in the elastic member is smaller when the fuel injection valve is opened, the opening area is reduced when the fuel pulsation due to pressure waves occurs and the opening area of the opening is reduced. The throttle effect can be effectively generated, and at the time of opening to supply fuel from the fuel injection valve to the internal combustion engine, it is possible to secure a flow rate necessary for the injection amount to be supplied to the internal combustion engine by increasing the opening area. .

According to claim 2 of the present invention, the elastic member may be provided in the connection pipe of the fuel downstream end of the fuel distribution pipe.

According to this, the elastic member, so provided in the connecting pipe of the fuel downstream end of the fuel distributor pipe, the elastic member provided on the fuel downstream end, the fuel pulsation generated in the closed fuel injection valve, fuel distribution It is possible to prevent direct action on the fuel in the pipe. Therefore, fuel pulsation in the fuel distribution pipe can be effectively reduced.

According to claim 3 of the present invention, the elastic member is characterized by being sandwiched fuel inlet portion is supported within the coupling pipe.

According to this, the elastic member is sandwiched to the fuel inlet of the fuel injection valve is assembled by inserting into the connecting tube, since it is supported into the connecting pipe, for example, the elastic member into the connecting pipe, the fuel injection valve By inserting them in this order, assembly such as axial assembly can be easily performed, so that the assembly can be improved.

According to claim 4 of the present invention, the equivalent throttle diameter of the opening when the fuel injection valve is closed is in the range of Φ0.5 to Φ1 mm.

  As a result, the fuel pulsation can be reduced and the necessary flow area of the fuel supplied from the fuel injection valve to the internal combustion engine can be secured.

  Hereinafter, embodiments in which the fuel supply device of the present invention is embodied by applying the fuel supply device to a fuel supply to a gasoline engine will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view showing a fuel supply device of the present embodiment. 2A and 2B are diagrams showing a main part of the fuel supply device of the embodiment, in which FIG. 2A is a partial cross-sectional view as viewed from II-II in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 2C is a perspective view of the pulsation reducing member in FIG. 2A viewed from below. 3A and 3B are diagrams showing a prototype state of the pulsation reducing member in FIG. 2, in which FIG. 3A is a plan view, and FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. is there. 4A and 4B are views showing an enlarged state of the opening of the pulsation reducing member in FIG. 2, where FIG. 4A is a plan view, and FIG. 4B is from BB in FIG. 4A. FIG. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a method for assembling the fuel supply apparatus according to this embodiment, and is an exploded view of FIG. FIG. 6 is a graph showing experimental results of pressure pulsation of fuel in the fuel distribution pipe in FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2A, the fuel supply device 10 includes a fuel distribution pipe 20, a fuel injection valve (hereinafter referred to as an injector) 30 as a fuel injection device, and a pulsation reducing member 50. It consists of The injector 30 is provided in each cylinder of a multi-cylinder (four cylinders in this embodiment) internal combustion engine (hereinafter referred to as an engine), and is assembled to the fuel distribution pipe 20 to inject fuel into each cylinder. Supply. The fuel distribution pipe 20 sucks and discharges fuel in a fuel tank (not shown) by a fuel pump (not shown), and the discharged fuel is guided. The discharged fuel is regulated to a predetermined pressure by a pressure regulator such as a pressure regulator (not shown) and sent to the fuel distribution pipe 20.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the fuel distribution pipe 20 has a communication pipe 21 having a fuel passage 21 a (see FIG. 2A) extending in the longitudinal direction inside, and opens to the communication pipe 21 across the communication pipe 21. A connecting pipe (hereinafter referred to as a cup) 22 is included. Note that an inlet pipe 23 that constitutes a part of a fuel pipe or the like that guides the fuel discharged from the fuel pump is connected to the communication pipe 21 so as to communicate therewith.

  As shown in FIG. 2A, the communication pipe 21 is formed in a substantially square cross section, and extends in the side-by-side direction of each cylinder. The cross-sectional shape may be substantially circular. The connecting pipe 21 has an outer wall that forms a fuel passage 21a formed of a metal material, and even a steel pipe that extends is joined and integrated, for example, in two parts divided in the vertical direction. It may be a thing. The fuel passage 21a formed in the communication pipe 21 constitutes a transport path for transporting fuel at a predetermined pressure. An opening (hereinafter referred to as a cup opening) 22a of the cup 22 is opened in the transport path. The cup 22 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape or a substantially cup shape protruding from the outer wall of the communication pipe 21. An inner hole (hereinafter referred to as an accommodation hole) 22b formed in the cup 22 communicates with the fuel passage 21a through the cup opening 22a. The inner hole 22 is formed in a shape into which the fuel inlet 31 of the injector 30 can be inserted. The fuel distribution pipe 21 has two brackets 26 a and 26 b fixed integrally with the communication pipe 21, and a reduction pulsation member 50 described later is sandwiched in the inner hole 22 b by the fuel inlet portion 31. In this state, the fuel distribution pipe 20 and the injector 30 are fixed to the engine by attaching the brackets 26a and 26b to the engine. The brackets 26a and 26b have guide portions 27 and 29 that are bent in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. It is fixed to an intake manifold or the like of the engine by bolts or the like in bolt holes (not shown) formed in the guide portions 29 of the brackets 26a and 26b. The brackets 26 a and 26 b constitute a support member that holds the fuel distribution pipe 20.

  As shown in FIG. 2A, the injector 30 has a fuel inlet portion 31 into which fuel flows. The fuel inlet portion 31 is inserted into the fuel distribution pipe 20 (specifically, the cup 22). It is assembled and fuel is supplied through the cup 22. Specifically, the fuel inlet portion 31 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and the inner hole 32 formed in the fuel inlet portion 31 communicates with the fuel passage in the injector 30. The fuel inlet portion 31 is inserted substantially coaxially into the accommodation hole 22b of the cup 22 and is movable on both sides in the axial direction. In a state where the fuel inlet portion 31 is inserted into the cup 22, the space between the fuel inlet portion 31 and the accommodation hole 22b of the cup 22 is sealed by the seal member 39, and the inner hole 32 communicates with the accommodation hole 22b. The fuel in the fuel distribution pipe 20 flows into the fuel passage through the cup 22 and the fuel inlet 31.

  The injector 30 is electrically driven and controls the lift of the nozzle needle by controlling the current supplied from the connector 34 to the coil, and injects the fuel that has flowed into the fuel passage from the nozzle portion 33 into the cylinder of the engine. When the current supply to the coil is stopped, the injector 30 has a spring that urges the nozzle needle in the seating direction. When the current supply to the coil is stopped, the nozzle portion 33 is closed. End injection. The connector 34 is formed to protrude from the outer wall of the injector 30 and cannot be displaced relative to the fuel inlet 31. Of the outer wall surface of the connector 34, a flat surface 34a facing the separation direction (direction indicated by X in FIG. 1) in which the fuel inlet 31 is detached from the cup 22 is formed perpendicular to the separation direction X. .

  Here, the nozzle part has a valve part that circulates and shuts off the fuel supplied to the engine by opening and closing. When the injector 30 is opened, the nozzle part 33 is opened and the fuel circulates to the engine. It is supplied by injection. When the injector 30 is closed, the nozzle portion 33 is closed to shut off the fuel, and the injection supply to the engine is stopped.

  As shown in FIGS. 2A to 2C, the pulsation reducing member 50 is formed of an elastic member such as a rubber material, and has a substantially cylindrical holding portion 51 and an inner peripheral side from the holding portion 51. And a film-like portion 52 that protrudes from the center. As shown in FIG. 2A, the film-like portion 52 is formed thinner than the thickness of the holding portion 51, and is formed in a relatively thin film shape. The film-like portion 52 has openings 53 and 55 through which fuel can flow, and even if a thin hole is formed in the thin disc portion, a plurality of thin disc portions are formed. 2 (b) and FIG. 2 (c), the portion partitioned between the plurality of divided arc-shaped portions is defined by the opening (the hatched portion in FIG. 3 (a)). Part S) may be used. Thereby, the membrane-like part 52 can distribute the fuel in the fuel distribution pipe 20 to the injector 30 through the openings 53 and 55. Furthermore, since it is formed of an elastic member, the pressure pulsation can be absorbed or reduced by deforming the film-like portion 52 according to the magnitude of the pulsation pressure.

  In the following description of the present embodiment, the film-shaped portion 52 is a plurality of (six in the present embodiment) arc-shaped portions obtained by dividing a thin disk portion into thin-walled disks. The openings 53 and 55 are formed as portions S defined by six arcuate portions. As shown in FIG. 3A, the openings 53 and 55 are substantially hexagonal portions 53 defined by the tip portions of the six arc-shaped portions, and adjacent circles among the six arc-shaped portions. The gap portion 55 is formed between the arc-shaped portions.

  Further, the pulsation reducing member 50 is disposed in the cup 22 at the fuel downstream end of the fuel distribution pipe 20. In detail, as shown in FIG. 2A, the pulsation reducing member 50 is sandwiched between the upper end surface of the inner peripheral wall in the accommodation hole 22 b of the cup 22 and the fuel inflow port portion 31, and the holding portion 51. Is supported by the accommodation hole 22a and the fuel inlet 31. The pulsation reducing member 50 can be attached to and detached from the fuel distribution pipe 20 (specifically, the cup 22) by inserting and removing the injector 30 from the cup 22.

  The assembly method of the present embodiment having the above-described configuration will be described with reference to FIG. Here, assuming that the components constituting the injector 30 are assembled in separate steps, here, a method of assembling the injector 30 and the pulsation reducing member 50 to the fuel distribution pipe 20 will be described. First, (1) the pulsation reducing member is inserted upward in the axial direction of FIG. 6 to a predetermined position of the accommodation hole 22b in the cup 22. The predetermined position is, for example, the upper step surface of the accommodation hole 22b on the side connected to the cup opening 22a in this embodiment. (2) The fuel inlet 31 of the injector 30 is inserted into the accommodation hole 22 b in the cup 22 in the axial direction upward until it contacts the lower end of the pulsation reducing member 50. Accordingly, the injector 30 and the pulsation reducing member 50 can be assembled in the cup 22 in the axial direction, and the injector 30 and the pulsation reducing member 50 can be easily attached to the fuel distribution pipe 20. The pulsation reducing member 50 and the injector 30 can be easily removed from the fuel distribution pipe 20 by removing the bolts that fix the brackets 26a, 26b and the intake manifold of the engine.

  Next, the operation of the present embodiment having the above-described configuration will be described. When the vehicle engine key is set to the IG position and an ignition switch (not shown) is turned on, the fuel pump is driven and the fuel is sucked into the fuel tank by the fuel pump. The sucked-up fuel is regulated by a pressure regulator, and fuel with a predetermined pressure is sent from the fuel pump to the inlet pipe 23. The fuel of a predetermined pressure sent to the inlet pipe 23 is stored in the fuel distribution pipe 20 that communicates with the inlet pipe 23. When the injector 30 is opened, current is supplied to the coil of the injector 30 to control the lift of the nozzle needle. When the nozzle needle starts to lift, the nozzle portion 33 is opened and fuel is supplied to the engine. On the other hand, when the injector 30 is closed, the supply to the coil is stopped, and the lift of the nozzle needle is reduced by the spring. When the nozzle needle is seated, the injection is finished.

  By the way, since the fuel flow up to that time is suddenly interrupted, a shock wave (pressure wave) is generated due to the rapid valve closing. The pressure wave is propagated into the fuel distribution pipe 20. On the other hand, in this embodiment, since the pulsation reducing member 50 formed of an elastic member is disposed in the fuel pipe 20 (specifically, in the cup 22), the elasticity of the pulsation reducing member 50 (specifically, the membrane) The pressure pulsation caused by the pressure wave can be reduced by blocking or absorbing the pressure wave by the deformation of the shaped portion 52).

  Furthermore, the openings 53 and 55 of the pulsation reducing member 50 allow the flow of fuel when the injector 30 in which the fuel flows from the fuel distribution pipe 20 to the injector 30 is opened, as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b). As a result, the film-shaped portion 52 is deformed, and the opening area of the front end portion 55a of the gap 55 and the substantially hexagonal portion 53 is enlarged. On the other hand, when the injector 30 is closed, the flow of fuel is stopped, so that the deformed film-like portion 52 returns to the original state shown in FIGS. That is, when the injector 30 is closed, the opening areas of the openings 53 and 55 are smaller than when the injector 30 is opened. Thus, by setting the predetermined opening area S of the openings 53 and 55 when the injector 30 is closed to a predetermined area that has a throttling effect, the pressure wave generated when the injector 30 is closed causes the fuel distribution pipe to It is possible to block direct propagation to 20. Since the opening area S of the openings 53 and 55 is enlarged when the injector 30 is opened, it is possible to secure a flow rate necessary for the fuel injection amount supplied from the injector 30 to the engine.

In addition, since the relationship between the opening area of the openings 53 and 55 when the injector 30 is closed and the pressure pulsation width in the fuel distribution pipe 20 has been verified through experiments, it will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 6, the horizontal axis represents an equivalent flow path diameter (hereinafter referred to as an equivalent throttle diameter) ΦD (mm), and the vertical axis represents pressure pulsation at the equivalent throttle diameter ΦD. The equivalent aperture diameter ΦD represents the diameter of a circular hole corresponding to the opening area S of the openings 53 and 55. As shown in FIG. 6, in the range in which the equivalent throttle diameter ΦD is close to ΦD = 5 (mm) to ΦD = 1 (mm), the pressure pulsation width is not reduced even if the equivalent throttle diameter ΦD is reduced, and pulsation is reduced. There is almost no effect. When the equivalent throttle diameter ΦD is in the range of ΦD = 1 (mm) to ΦD = 0.5 (mm), the smaller the equivalent throttle diameter ΦD, the smaller the pressure pulsation width, and the pressure pulsation due to the throttling effect can be reduced. If the equivalent throttle diameter ΦD is less than ΦD = 0.5, the required flow area of the fuel supplied from the injector 30 to the engine is difficult. When the equivalent aperture diameter ΦD exceeds ΦD = 1.0, the blocking effect cannot be obtained. Note that the range of the aperture diameter ΦD = 0.5 (mm) to ΦD = 1 (mm) is approximately 0.2 (mm ² ) to 0.8 (mm ² ) in terms of the opening area.

  Next, the operation and effect of the present embodiment will be described. (1) Since the pulsation reducing member 50 formed of an elastic member is disposed in the fuel distribution pipe 20, the pressure wave generated when the injector 30 is closed, etc. The fuel pulsation due to the above can be absorbed or reduced by the pulsation reducing member 50 having a relatively simple configuration by utilizing the elasticity as a material characteristic. The pulsation reducing member 50 has a holding part 51 and a film-like part 52 formed thinner than the holding part 51, and the pressure wave is blocked and absorbed by the elastic deformation of the film-like part 52. Thus, the pressure pulsation of the fuel in the fuel distribution pipe 20 can be reduced.

  Furthermore, when it is desired to apply to the fuel supply device 10 mounted on a vehicle having different fuel pipes for guiding the fuel to the fuel distribution pipe 20, the fuel distribution pipe 20 itself should be dedicated according to the magnitude of the generated pressure pulsation. For example, it is possible to easily cope with the problem by replacing only the pulsation reducing member 50 corresponding to the pressure pulsation.

  (2) Since the pulsation reducing member 50 is provided in the cup 22 at the fuel downstream end in the fuel distribution pipe 20, the pulsation reducing member 50 having elasticity provided at the fuel downstream end is used to close the injector 30. The generated fuel pulsation can be prevented from directly acting on the fuel in the fuel distribution pipe 20. Therefore, fuel pulsation in the fuel distribution pipe 20 can be effectively reduced.

  (3) In the present embodiment, the pulsation reducing member 50 formed of an elastic member is sandwiched in the fuel inlet 31 of the injector 30 that is inserted into the cup 22 and assembled, and is supported in the cup 22. Therefore, as an assembling method, for example, by inserting the pulsation reducing member 50 and the injector 30 into the cup 22 in this order, the assembling such as the axial direction can be easily performed, and therefore the assembling property can be improved.

  (4) The pulsation reducing member 50 is an elastic member that utilizes the material characteristics thereof, and can block and absorb pressure waves to reduce the pressure pulsation of the fuel in the fuel distribution pipe 20. The pressure pulsation of the fuel can also be reduced by reducing the opening area of the openings 53 and 55 which are another feature of the present embodiment of the reducing member 50 when the injector 30 is closed rather than when the injector 30 is opened. That is, since the opening areas of the openings 53 and 55 are smaller when the injector 30 is closed than when the injector 30 is opened, the opening area is reduced when the fuel pulsation due to the pressure wave is generated, and the throttling effect of the openings 53 and 55 is effective. When the fuel is injected and supplied from the injector 30 to the engine, the opening area can be increased to secure a flow rate required for the injection amount supplied to the engine. Note that the pulsation reducing member 50 is not limited to an elastic member, and may be a member made of any material as long as it has an opening whose opening area is smaller when the injector 30 is closed than when the injector 30 is opened.

  (5) The pulsation reducing member 50 has a feature that utilizes the elasticity of an elastic member (specifically, the film-like portion 52), and the opening areas of the opening portions 53 and 55 are smaller when the injector 30 is closed than when the injector 30 is opened. It is preferable to combine the characteristics. Thereby, the pressure pulsation of the fuel can be reduced by each of them, and the pressure pulsation can be effectively reduced.

  (6) As the opening area S of the openings 53 and 55 when the injector 30 is closed, the equivalent aperture diameter ΦD is preferably in the range of ΦD = 1 to ΦD = 0.5. Thereby, fuel pulsation can be reduced and a necessary flow area of fuel supplied from the injector 30 to the engine can be secured.

  (7) In the present embodiment, the openings 53 and 55 are formed in the substantially hexagonal portion 53 disposed substantially at the center of the pulsation reducing member 50 and radially outward from the substantially hexagonal portion 53. Since the gap portion 55 is formed, the opening area of the openings 53 and 55 can be increased as the film-like portion 52 is deformed by the flow of fuel. Therefore, it becomes easy to achieve both reduction of fuel pulsation and securing of a necessary flow area of fuel supplied from the injector 30 to the engine.

(Other embodiments)
In the present embodiment described above, the pulsation reducing member 50 has been described as an elastic member such as a rubber member. However, a resin material or the like may be used as long as the material can be repeatedly deformed.

  In the present embodiment described above, the present invention can be applied even if a locking means for locking the injector 30 and the cup 22 is provided using, for example, a substantially U-shaped clip member. Note that, for example, the clip member is formed by extending the outer peripheral side of the injector 30 in a substantially U shape with a length of approximately ½ circumference in the circumferential direction, and projecting to the outer peripheral side of the cup 22 (see FIG. 1), any locking means may be used.

It is a front view which shows the fuel supply apparatus of embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the principal part of the fuel supply apparatus of embodiment of this invention, Comprising: Fig.2 (a) is a fragmentary sectional view seen from II-II in FIG. 1, FIG.2 (b) is FIG.2 (a). FIG. 2C is a perspective view of the pulsation reducing member in FIG. 2A viewed from below. FIG. 3A and 3B are diagrams showing a prototype state of the pulsation reducing member in FIG. 2, in which FIG. 3A is a plan view and FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. It is a figure which shows the state which the opening part of the pulsation reduction member in FIG. 2 expanded, Comprising: Fig.4 (a) is a top view, FIG.4 (b) is sectional drawing seen from BB of Fig.4 (a). is there. It is a figure which shows one Example of the assembly method of the fuel supply apparatus of embodiment of this invention, Comprising: It is a decomposition | disassembly development view of Fig.2 (a). It is a graph which shows the experimental result of the pressure pulsation of the fuel in the fuel distribution pipe in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Fuel supply apparatus 20 Fuel distribution pipe 21 Communication pipe 21a Fuel path (conveyance path)
22 cups (connecting pipe)
22a Cup opening (opening)
22b accommodation hole (inner hole)
30 injectors (fuel injection valves, fuel injection devices)
31 Fuel Inlet Portion 33 Nozzle Portion 50 Pulsation Reduction Member (Elastic Member)
51 Holding part 52 Film-like part 53 Hexagonal shape part (a part of opening part of a pulsation reduction member)
55 Crevice (part of opening of pulsation reducing member)

Claims (4)

A fuel distribution pipe having a communication pipe having a fuel passage extending in a longitudinal direction therein; and a connection pipe that intersects the communication pipe and opens to the communication pipe; and a fuel inlet of a fuel injection valve in the connection pipe In the fuel supply device assembled by inserting the part,
An elastic member for absorbing fuel pulsation is provided in the fuel distribution pipe ,
And the elastic member has an opening through which fuel flows,
The fuel supply device according to claim 1, wherein the opening has a smaller opening area when the fuel injection valve is closed than when the fuel injection valve is opened . The elastic member, the fuel supply apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that provided in the connection pipe of the fuel downstream end of the fuel distribution pipe. The elastic member, the fuel supply apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that sandwiched the fuel inlet section is supported in the connecting pipe. 4. The fuel supply device according to claim 1, wherein an equivalent throttle diameter of the opening when the fuel injection valve is closed is in a range of Φ0.5 to Φ1 mm . 5.

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