JP4119085B2 - Liquid crystal display device and stereoscopic display device - Google Patents

Liquid crystal display device and stereoscopic display device Download PDF

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JP4119085B2
JP4119085B2 JP2000386626A JP2000386626A JP4119085B2 JP 4119085 B2 JP4119085 B2 JP 4119085B2 JP 2000386626 A JP2000386626 A JP 2000386626A JP 2000386626 A JP2000386626 A JP 2000386626A JP 4119085 B2 JP4119085 B2 JP 4119085B2
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liquid crystal
display device
selective reflection
reflection layer
polarization selective
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JP2002189230A (en
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浩史 久保田
尚英 脇田
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東芝松下ディスプレイテクノロジー株式会社
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  • Testing, Inspecting, Measuring Of Stereoscopic Televisions And Televisions (AREA)

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、低コストで高輝度が実現できる液晶表示装置、及び立体視表示装置に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
紙のように両面で表示可能な液晶表示装置は、２枚の液晶表示装置を貼り合わせて実現されていた。
【０００３】
一方、従来の立体視表示装置は、２枚の液晶パネルを並列配置するか時分割駆動し、右目と左目の情報を合成して表示を行っていた。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
２枚の液晶表示装置を貼り合わせて両面表示を行うと２組の液晶表示装置が必要となり、低コスト化が困難であった。また、厚みが増加するという課題もあった。さらに、両面で表示可能な液晶表示装置は吸収型の偏光板を用いており、低電力化と高輝度化が図れなかった。
【０００５】
一方、複数の液晶パネルを用いる従来の立体視表示装置は、バックライトも同数必要なため低電力化が困難であった。また、時分割駆動で立体視を行う立体視表示装置は時分割駆動のため輝度が低下する課題があった。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するために、両面表示型の液晶表示装置、及びそれを用いた立体視表示装置において、以下の手段を講じた。
【０００７】
本発明の第１の液晶表示装置は、導光体の両面に液晶パネルが配置された液晶表示装置において、導光体と液晶パネル間に偏光選択反射層が配置され、さらに導光体の両側で偏光選択反射層が互いに異なる偏光選択性を有することを特徴とする。導光体の両面に液晶表示パネルを配置することで、導光体が１枚で済み低コスト化が図れる。このとき、液晶パネルの一方を半透過型液晶パネルとし、他方を透過型液晶パネルとすると、表示面を見る状況により、必要な表示品位を実現することが可能である。例えば、折りたたみ式の携帯電話において、蓋の表面を半透過型パネルとし、裏面を透過型パネルの側とすると、待機時は低消費電力に優れた半透過型パネルのみ駆動し、動画像等の高品位表示時は裏面の透過型パネルを使用することができる。
【０００８】
偏光選択反射層として、例えば導光体の片側にＰ波を透過しＳ波を反射するものを設け、他方の側にはＳ波を透過しＰ波を反射するものを設ける。この場合、一方の偏光選択反射層で反射した反射光は他方の偏光選択反射層を透過することが可能である。従って導光体の両側に液晶パネルを積層してもバックライト光が吸収されることなく効率的にどちらかの液晶パネルに入射される。このため低電力化と高輝度化が図れる。このとき、偏光選択反射層は、円偏光に対して偏光選択性を有しても同様の効果が得られる。
【０００９】
本発明の第２の液晶表示装置は、光源を配設した第１基板の片面側に第１液晶層と第２基板が形成され、第１基板の他面側に第２液晶層と第３基板が形成された液晶表示装置において、第１基板と第１液晶層、及び第１基板と第２液晶層間に偏光選択反射層が積層され、さらに第１基板の両側で偏光選択反射層が互いに異なる偏光選択性を有することを特徴とする。導光体を別途用いずに、液晶層を保持する基板自体に導光機能を持たせ、さらに偏光選択反射層を基板に内付けすることで薄型化が図れる。
【００１０】
本発明の第３の液晶表示装置は、光源を配設した導光体の片面に第１液晶パネルが積層され、第１液晶パネルが、導光体側から第１偏光選択反射層、第１液晶層、及び第２偏光選択反射層を有し、さらに導光体の他面に第２液晶パネルが積層され、第２液晶パネルが、導光体側から第３偏光選択反射層、第２液晶層、及び第４偏光選択反射層を有するときに、第１偏光選択反射層と第３偏光選択反射層が互いに異なる偏光選択性を有し、さらに第１偏光選択反射層と第２偏光選択反射層、及び第３偏光選択反射層と第４偏光選択反射層がそれぞれ互いに異なる偏光選択性を有することを特徴とする。本構成により、第１液晶パネル、及び第２液晶パネルの黒表示部に入射した光が導光体に再度入射することが可能となり、光利用効率がさらに向上する。
【００１１】
本発明の第４の液晶表示装置は、端面付近に光源を配設した第１基板の片面側に第１基板側から、第１偏光選択反射層、第１液晶層、第２偏光選択反射層、及び第２基板が形成され、第１基板の他面側に第１基板側から第３偏光選択反射層、第２液晶層、第４偏光選択反射層、及び第３基板が形成された液晶表示装置において、第１偏光選択反射層と第３偏光選択反射層が互いに異なる偏光選択性を有し、さらに第１偏光選択反射層と第２偏光選択反射層、及び第３偏光選択反射層と第４偏光選択反射層がそれぞれ互いに異なる偏光選択性を有することを特徴とする。本構成により第３の液晶表示装置と同様の理由で光利用効率が向上する。
【００１２】
本発明の第１の立体視表示装置は、請求項１から４記載の液晶表示装置の何れかと光路変更機構を含む立体視表示装置において、前記液晶表示装置の両側の表示部がそれぞれ右目信号と左目信号を表示し、光路変更機構により、右目信号と左目信号が合成されることで立体視を行うことを特徴とする。両面表示のそれぞれを右目と左目の信号に用いることで立体視が可能となる。
【００１３】
本発明の第２の立体視表示装置は、請求項１から４記載の液晶表示装置の何れかと光路変更機構を含む立体視表示装置において、液晶表示装置の両側の表示部がそれぞれ右目信号と左目信号を表示し、光路変更機構により、右目信号と左目信号が別個にそれぞれ右目と左目に入射することで立体視を行うことを特徴とする。
【００１４】
信号が右目と左目に個別に入射しても立体視が得られる。
【００１５】
本発明の第３の立体視表示装置は、請求項１から４記載の液晶表示装置の何れかと光路変更機構を含む立体視表示装置において、液晶表示装置の両側の表示部がそれぞれ目の焦点深度が異なる状態に対応する表示情報を表示し、光路変更機構により表示情報を合成することで立体視を行うことを特徴とする。目の焦点深度が異なる状態に対応する表示情報を重ねても立体視が得られる。
【００１６】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下の実施の形態１から４の液晶表示装置は、基板の両側に表示部を有する液晶表示装置である。
【００１７】
（実施の形態１）
図２は本発明の液晶表示装置で光利用効率が向上することを示す原理図である。図２において、光源２０７から無偏光で出射した光源光２０３が、偏光選択反射層Ａ２０１に入射すると、偏光選択反射層Ａ２０１を直線偏光のＳ波２０５は透過するがＰ波２０４は反射する。反射したＰ波２０４は偏光選択反射層Ｂ２０２に入射する。このとき、偏光選択反射層Ｂ２０２がＰ波を透過しＳ波を反射する構成であれば、偏光選択反射層Ａ２０１からの反射光は偏光選択反射層Ｂ２０２を透過する。このため原理的に光源光２０３は偏光選択反射層Ａ２０１、または偏光選択反射層Ｂ２０２のどちらかを透過することになる。このため、従来の吸収型偏光層を用いる場合に比べ光利用効率が大幅に向上する。なお、偏光の選択性はＰ波とＳ波以外にも左円偏光と右円偏光に対して選択性を有しても良い。偏光選択反射層Ａ２０１と偏光選択反射層Ｂ２０２で偏光選択性が互いに異なれば、同様の効果が得られる。
【００１８】
図１は本発明の第１の液晶表示装置の断面図である。光源１１４を出射した光の一部は、集光フィルム１０１で法線方向に集光された後、偏光選択反射層Ａ１０２に入射する。偏光選択反射層Ａ１０２は、Ｐ波を反射しＳ波を透過する構成を有している。このため、Ｓ波は液晶Ａ１０４を透過し、基板Ｂ１０５から出射する（出射光Ａ１１５）。一方、Ｐ波は偏光選択反射層Ａ１０２で反射して、偏光選択反射層Ｂ１０８に入射する。偏光選択反射層Ｂ１０８はＰ波を透過しＳ波を反射する構成を有している。このため、偏光選択反射層Ａ１０２からの反射光（Ｐ波）は偏光選択反射層Ｂ１０８を透過し、基板Ｄ１１１から出射する（出射光Ｂ１１６）。
【００１９】
一方、光源から偏光選択反射層Ｂ１０８に入射した光も同様の原理で、Ｐ波は出射光Ｃ１１７と成り、Ｓ波は出射光Ｄ１１８と成る。このため光源の光は吸収されること無く基板Ｂ１０５、又は基板Ｄ１１１の一方から出射されることに成り、光利用効率が向上する。
【００２０】
Ｐ波とＳ波の偏光選択反射層としては、例えばＤ−ＢＥＦ（３Ｍ社製）を用いることができる。また、円偏光に対する偏光選択性を利用しても良く、例えばコレステリック液晶ポリマー素子等を用いることができる。
【００２１】
また、集光フィルムを用いることで、光源光が法線方向に集光され偏光選択性が向上する。これは、偏光選択反射層の偏光選択性には入射角度依存性があり、法線方向が最も偏光選択性が高いためである。
【００２２】
上記は透過型の液晶表示装置の構成であるが、これは画素の一部に開口を有するか、半透過膜を用いた半透過型液晶表示装置の構成でも良い。また、導光体を挟んだ一方が透過型で他方が半透過型でも良い。
【００２３】
また、導光体を挟んで配置された液晶パネルの一方が透過型液晶パネルか半透過型パネルで、他方が反射型パネルでも良い。この場合、両面表示は出来ないが、片側から表示面を観察する場合に、必要に応じて反射型表示と透過型（又は半透過型）表示を切り替えることができる。このため反射型で低消費電力、透過型で高品位表示と目的に応じて使い分けが可能である。
【００２４】
（実施の形態２）
図３は本発明の第２の液晶表示装置の断面図を示す。基板Ａ３００の両側に偏光選択反射層と液晶層を形成し、基板Ａ３００の端部に光源３１１が埋め込まれている。基板Ａ３００は液晶の保持機能と導光体の機能を兼用している。このとき、実施の形態１に示した導光体が不要となり薄型化が図れる。
【００２５】
基板Ａ３００の表面には、光源光が基板内を均一に導光するように微小な凹凸構造を設けても良い。凹凸構造としては、溝状、ドット状、または半円柱状等の凹凸構造を、面内輝度が均一となるように大きさと分布密度を適時変えて用いることができる。
【００２６】
（実施の形態３）
図４は本発明の第３の液晶表示装置の断面図を示す。実施の形態１と同様の構成において、基板Ｃ４２１の外側に偏光選択反射層Ｄ４２２、基板Ｄ４１１の外側に偏光選択反射層Ｃ４１２を形成した。また、偏光選択反射層Ａ４０２と偏光選択反射層Ｂ４０８は異なる偏光選択反射性を有する。さらに、偏光選択反射層Ａ４０２と偏光選択反射層Ｄ４２２、及び偏光選択反射層Ｂ４０８と偏光選択反射層Ｃ４１２も異なる偏光選択反射性を有する。具体的には、偏光選択反射層Ａ４０２と偏光選択反射層Ｃ４１２は、Ｓ波を透過してＰ波を反射する。また、偏光選択反射層Ｄ４２２と偏光選択反射層Ｂ４０８は、Ｐ波を透過してＳ波を反射する。また、液晶Ａ４０４、液晶Ｂ４１０は黒表示時に液晶層を通過する光に対して位相が変調せず白表示時に位相変調を行う表示モードとする。本構成により、パネルの黒表示部に相当する位置の液晶層に入射した光源光は導光体側に反射され、導光体の反対側に位置する液晶層の白表示部から出射することが可能と成る。このため、光利用効率がさらに向上する。
【００２７】
偏光選択反射層Ａ４０２を透過したＳ波のうち、黒表示部４０５に入射した光は、液晶層で位相変調を受けない。このため偏光選択反射層Ｄ４２２にＳ波のまま入射し、導光体側に反射されて反対側の白表示部４１３から出射する。また、白表示部４０６に入射した光は液晶Ａ４０４で位相変調（Ｓ波→Ｐ波）を受けるため基板Ｃ４２１側から出射する（出射光Ｂ４１８）。
【００２８】
液晶層の表示モードには、ノーマリブラックモードの場合は横電界で駆動するホモジニアス配向や、垂直配向モードを用いることができる。また、捻れネマチック配向の場合は、ノーマリホワイトモードで用いると黒表示時に位相変調が小さく良好な偏光選択性が得られる。
【００２９】
（実施の形態４）
図５は本発明の第４の液晶表示装置の断面図である。実施の形態２とほぼ同様の構成で、基板Ｂ５０３の外側に偏光選択反射層Ｂ５０４、基板Ｃ５０７の外側に偏光選択反射層Ｄ５０８を形成した。また、偏光選択反射層Ａ５０１と偏光選択反射層Ｃ５０５は異なる偏光選択反射性を有する。さらに、偏光選択反射層Ａ５０１と偏光選択反射層Ｂ５０４、及び偏光選択反射層Ｃ５０５と偏光選択反射層Ｄ５０８も異なる偏光選択反射性を有する。具体的には、偏光選択反射層Ａ５０１と偏光選択反射層Ｄ５０８は、Ｓ波を透過してＰ波を反射する。また、偏光選択反射層Ｃ５０５と偏光選択反射層Ｂ５０４は、Ｐ波を透過してＳ波を反射する。
【００３０】
また、液晶Ａ５０２、液晶Ｂ５０６は黒表示時に液晶層を通過する光に対して位相が変調せず白表示時に位相変調を行う表示モードとする。本構成により、実施の形態３と同様の原理で光利用効率が向上する。
【００３１】
以下の実施の形態５、及び６の液晶表示装置は基板の片側に表示部を有する液晶表示装置である。
【００３２】
（実施の形態５）
図６は本発明の第１の立体視表示装置の構成図である。導光体９００に液晶パネルＡ９０１と液晶パネルＢ９０２が積層された実施の形態１記載の液晶表示装置が配置されている。表示面に対面して、光路変更機構として反射板Ａ９０４、反射板Ｂ９０５、光学素子Ａ９０６、及び光学素子Ｂ９０７が配置されている。光学素子は、表示面の信号をスクリーン９０８上に均一に照射する機能を有している。また、液晶表示装置は両面の表示面がそれぞれ右目信号と左目信号を表示する。信号は上記の光路変更機構により、スクリーン９０８上で合成されることで立体視が可能となる。
【００３３】
液晶表示装置は、実施形態１から４記載の液晶表示装置の何れかを用いれば良い。また、光路変更機構は上記以外にもスクリーン上で右目信号と左目信号が合成できるように形成できる。
【００３４】
（実施の形態６）
図７は本発明の第２の立体視表示装置の構成図である。導光体８００、液晶パネルＡ８０１、及び液晶パネルＢ８０２等から成る実施の形態１記載の液晶表示装置が配置されている。また、反射板Ａ８０３、及び反射板Ｂ８０４から成る光路変更機構が形成されている。このとき、液晶表示装置の両側の表示部がそれぞれ右目信号と左目信号を表示し、光路変更機構により、右目信号と左目信号が別個にそれぞれ右目と左目に入射する構成とすることで、立体視を行うことが可能となる。
【００３５】
（実施の形態７）
本発明の第３の立体視表示装置は、実施の形態５と同様の構成において、液晶表示装置の両側の表示部が、それぞれ目の焦点深度が異なる状態に対応する表示情報を表示する。目の焦点深度が異なる画像を合成すると立体視を行うことが可能となる。
【００３６】
【発明の効果】
以上、本発明によれば、両面表示、又は片面表示の液晶表示装置の光利用効率が向上し高輝度化と低電力化が図れる。また、基板に導光体機能を付与することで、薄型化が図れる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】実施の形態１の液晶表示装置の断面図
【図２】光利用効率の向上の原理図
【図３】実施の形態２の液晶表示装置の断面図
【図４】実施の形態３の液晶表示装置の断面図
【図５】実施の形態４の液晶表示装置の断面図
【図６】実施の形態５の立体視表示装置の構成図
【図７】実施の形態６の立体視表示装置の構成図
【符号の説明】
１００ 導光体
１０１ 集光フィルム
１０２ 偏光選択反射層Ａ
１０３ 基板Ａ
１０４ 液晶Ａ
１０５ 基板Ｂ
１０６ 偏光板Ａ
１０７ 集光フィルム
１０８ 偏光選択反射層Ｂ
１０９ 基板Ｃ
１１０ 液晶Ｂ
１１１ 基板Ｄ
１１２ 偏光板Ｂ
１１３ ランプカバー
１１４ 光源
１１５ 出射光Ａ
１１６ 出射光Ｂ
１１７ 出射光Ｃ
１１８ 出射光Ｄ[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device and a stereoscopic display device that can realize high luminance at low cost.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A liquid crystal display device capable of displaying on both sides, such as paper, has been realized by bonding two liquid crystal display devices together.
[0003]
On the other hand, the conventional stereoscopic display device displays two liquid crystal panels arranged in parallel or time-division driving and combining the information of the right eye and the left eye.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
When two liquid crystal display devices are bonded to perform double-sided display, two sets of liquid crystal display devices are required, and cost reduction is difficult. Moreover, there also existed the subject that thickness increased. Further, the liquid crystal display device capable of displaying on both sides uses an absorption type polarizing plate, and it has not been possible to reduce power consumption and brightness.
[0005]
On the other hand, in the conventional stereoscopic display device using a plurality of liquid crystal panels, it is difficult to reduce power consumption because the same number of backlights are required. In addition, a stereoscopic display device that performs stereoscopic viewing by time-division driving has a problem that luminance decreases due to time-division driving.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the following measures were taken in a double-sided display type liquid crystal display device and a stereoscopic display device using the same.
[0007]
The first liquid crystal display device of the present invention is a liquid crystal display device in which a liquid crystal panel is disposed on both sides of a light guide, wherein a polarization selective reflection layer is disposed between the light guide and the liquid crystal panel, and further on both sides of the light guide. The polarization selective reflection layers have different polarization selectivity. By arranging the liquid crystal display panels on both sides of the light guide, only one light guide is required, and the cost can be reduced. At this time, if one of the liquid crystal panels is a transflective liquid crystal panel and the other is a transmissive liquid crystal panel, a necessary display quality can be realized depending on the situation of viewing the display surface. For example, in a folding mobile phone, if the front surface of the lid is a transflective panel and the back surface is the transmissive panel side, only the transflective panel with excellent power consumption is driven during standby. A transmissive panel on the back side can be used for high quality display .
[0008]
As the polarization selective reflection layer, for example, one that transmits the P wave and reflects the S wave is provided on one side of the light guide, and the other side that transmits the S wave and reflects the P wave is provided. In this case, the reflected light reflected by one polarization selective reflection layer can pass through the other polarization selective reflection layer. Therefore, even if the liquid crystal panels are stacked on both sides of the light guide, the backlight light is efficiently incident on one of the liquid crystal panels without being absorbed. For this reason, low power and high luminance can be achieved. At this time, the same effect can be obtained even if the polarization selective reflection layer has polarization selectivity with respect to circularly polarized light.
[0009]
In the second liquid crystal display device of the present invention, the first liquid crystal layer and the second substrate are formed on one side of the first substrate on which the light source is disposed, and the second liquid crystal layer and the third substrate are formed on the other side of the first substrate. In the liquid crystal display device in which the substrate is formed, a polarization selective reflection layer is laminated between the first substrate and the first liquid crystal layer, and between the first substrate and the second liquid crystal layer, and the polarization selective reflection layer is mutually formed on both sides of the first substrate. It is characterized by having different polarization selectivity. Without using a light guide separately, the substrate holding the liquid crystal layer itself can have a light guide function, and a polarization selective reflection layer can be attached to the substrate to reduce the thickness.
[0010]
In the third liquid crystal display device of the present invention, a first liquid crystal panel is laminated on one side of a light guide provided with a light source, and the first liquid crystal panel includes a first polarization selective reflection layer and a first liquid crystal from the light guide side. And a second polarization selective reflection layer, and a second liquid crystal panel is laminated on the other surface of the light guide, and the second liquid crystal panel has a third polarization selective reflection layer and a second liquid crystal layer from the light guide side. And the fourth polarized light selective reflection layer, the first polarized light selective reflection layer and the third polarized light selective reflection layer have different polarization selectivity, and further the first polarized light selective reflection layer and the second polarized light selective reflection layer. The third polarization selective reflection layer and the fourth polarization selective reflection layer have different polarization selectivity from each other. With this configuration, it becomes possible for light incident on the black display portions of the first liquid crystal panel and the second liquid crystal panel to be incident on the light guide again, thereby further improving light utilization efficiency.
[0011]
The fourth liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes a first polarized light selective reflection layer, a first liquid crystal layer, and a second polarized light selective reflection layer from the first substrate side on one side of the first substrate in which a light source is disposed near the end surface. And the second substrate, and the third polarization selective reflection layer, the second liquid crystal layer, the fourth polarization selective reflection layer, and the third substrate are formed on the other surface side of the first substrate from the first substrate side. In the display device, the first polarization selective reflection layer and the third polarization selective reflection layer have different polarization selectivity, and the first polarization selective reflection layer, the second polarization selective reflection layer, and the third polarization selective reflection layer, The fourth polarization selective reflection layers have different polarization selectivity from each other. This configuration improves the light utilization efficiency for the same reason as in the third liquid crystal display device.
[0012]
The first stereoscopic display device of the present invention is a stereoscopic display device comprising any optical path changing mechanism of claims 1 to 4 Symbol mounting the liquid crystal display device, both sides of the display portions, each right eye signal of the liquid crystal display device The left-eye signal is displayed, and the right-eye signal and the left-eye signal are combined by the optical path changing mechanism to perform stereoscopic viewing. Stereoscopic viewing is possible by using each of the double-sided displays for the right eye and left eye signals.
[0013]
Second stereoscopic display device of the present invention, with any one of claims 1 to 4, Symbol mounting the liquid crystal display device of the stereoscopic display device including the optical path changing mechanism, and both sides of the display unit is right signals, respectively of the liquid crystal display device The left-eye signal is displayed, and the right-eye signal and the left-eye signal are separately incident on the right eye and the left eye by the optical path changing mechanism, respectively.
[0014]
Stereoscopic vision can be obtained even if the signal is incident on the right eye and the left eye separately.
[0015]
Third stereoscopic display device of the present invention is a stereoscopic display device comprising any optical path changing mechanism of claims 1 to 4 Symbol mounting the liquid crystal display device, the focus of the display on both sides, each eye of the liquid crystal display device Display information corresponding to states with different depths is displayed, and stereoscopic display is performed by combining the display information with an optical path changing mechanism. A stereoscopic view can be obtained even if display information corresponding to states with different depths of focus of eyes is superimposed.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The following liquid crystal display devices of Embodiments 1 to 4 are liquid crystal display devices having display portions on both sides of a substrate.
[0017]
(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 2 is a principle view showing that the light use efficiency is improved in the liquid crystal display device of the present invention. In FIG. 2, when the light source light 203 emitted from the light source 207 without polarization enters the polarization selective reflection layer A 201, the linearly polarized S wave 205 is transmitted through the polarization selective reflection layer A 201, but the P wave 204 is reflected. The reflected P wave 204 enters the polarization selective reflection layer B202. At this time, if the polarization selective reflection layer B202 is configured to transmit the P wave and reflect the S wave, the reflected light from the polarization selective reflection layer A201 passes through the polarization selective reflection layer B202. Therefore, in principle, the light source light 203 is transmitted through either the polarization selective reflection layer A201 or the polarization selective reflection layer B202. For this reason, the light utilization efficiency is greatly improved as compared with the case of using the conventional absorption polarizing layer. Note that the polarization selectivity may be selective to left-handed circularly polarized light and right-handed circularly polarized light in addition to the P wave and S wave. If the polarization selective reflection layer A201 and the polarization selective reflection layer B202 have different polarization selectivity, the same effect can be obtained.
[0018]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a first liquid crystal display device of the present invention. A part of the light emitted from the light source 114 is condensed in the normal direction by the condensing film 101 and then enters the polarization selective reflection layer A102. The polarization selective reflection layer A102 is configured to reflect the P wave and transmit the S wave. For this reason, the S wave passes through the liquid crystal A104 and is emitted from the substrate B105 (emitted light A115). On the other hand, the P wave is reflected by the polarization selective reflection layer A102 and enters the polarization selective reflection layer B108. The polarization selective reflection layer B108 has a configuration that transmits the P wave and reflects the S wave. Therefore, the reflected light (P wave) from the polarization selective reflection layer A102 passes through the polarization selective reflection layer B108 and is emitted from the substrate D111 (emitted light B116).
[0019]
On the other hand, the light incident on the polarization selective reflection layer B108 from the light source also has the same principle, the P wave becomes the outgoing light C117, and the S wave becomes the outgoing light D118. For this reason, the light of the light source is emitted from one of the substrate B105 and the substrate D111 without being absorbed, and the light use efficiency is improved.
[0020]
For example, D-BEF (manufactured by 3M) can be used as the P wave and S wave polarization selective reflection layer. Moreover, you may utilize the polarization selectivity with respect to circularly polarized light, for example, a cholesteric liquid crystal polymer element etc. can be used.
[0021]
Moreover, by using a condensing film, light source light is condensed in the normal direction and polarization selectivity is improved. This is because the polarization selectivity of the polarization selective reflection layer has an incident angle dependency and the normal direction has the highest polarization selectivity.
[0022]
The above is a configuration of a transmissive liquid crystal display device, but this may be a configuration of a transflective liquid crystal display device having an opening in a part of a pixel or using a transflective film. One of the light guides may be transmissive and the other may be transflective.
[0023]
One of the liquid crystal panels arranged with the light guide interposed therebetween may be a transmissive liquid crystal panel or a transflective panel, and the other may be a reflective panel. In this case, double-sided display is not possible, but when observing the display surface from one side, it is possible to switch between reflective display and transmissive (or transflective) display as necessary. For this reason, the reflective type and the low power consumption, the transmissive type and the high-quality display can be used depending on the purpose.
[0024]
(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the second liquid crystal display device of the present invention. A polarization selective reflection layer and a liquid crystal layer are formed on both sides of the substrate A300, and a light source 311 is embedded at an end of the substrate A300. The substrate A300 has both a liquid crystal holding function and a light guide function. At this time, the light guide body described in Embodiment 1 is not necessary and the thickness can be reduced.
[0025]
A minute concavo-convex structure may be provided on the surface of the substrate A300 so that the light source light is uniformly guided through the substrate. As the concavo-convex structure, a concavo-convex structure such as a groove shape, a dot shape, or a semi-cylindrical shape can be used by appropriately changing the size and distribution density so that the in-plane luminance is uniform.
[0026]
(Embodiment 3)
FIG. 4 shows a sectional view of a third liquid crystal display device of the present invention. In the same configuration as in the first embodiment, the polarization selective reflection layer D422 is formed outside the substrate C421, and the polarization selective reflection layer C412 is formed outside the substrate D411. Further, the polarization selective reflection layer A402 and the polarization selective reflection layer B408 have different polarization selective reflection properties. Furthermore, the polarization selective reflection layer A402 and the polarization selective reflection layer D422, and the polarization selective reflection layer B408 and the polarization selective reflection layer C412 also have different polarization selective reflection properties. Specifically, the polarization selective reflection layer A402 and the polarization selective reflection layer C412 transmit the S wave and reflect the P wave. Further, the polarization selective reflection layer D422 and the polarization selective reflection layer B408 transmit the P wave and reflect the S wave. Further, the liquid crystal A404 and the liquid crystal B410 are set to a display mode in which the phase is not modulated with respect to the light passing through the liquid crystal layer at the time of black display and the phase is modulated at the time of white display. With this configuration, light source light incident on the liquid crystal layer at a position corresponding to the black display portion of the panel is reflected to the light guide side and can be emitted from the white display portion of the liquid crystal layer located on the opposite side of the light guide body. It becomes. For this reason, the light utilization efficiency is further improved.
[0027]
Of the S waves transmitted through the polarization selective reflection layer A402, the light incident on the black display portion 405 is not subjected to phase modulation in the liquid crystal layer. For this reason, it is incident on the polarization selective reflection layer D422 as an S wave, reflected on the light guide side, and emitted from the white display portion 413 on the opposite side. Further, the light incident on the white display portion 406 is emitted from the substrate C421 side to be subjected to phase modulation (S wave → P wave) by the liquid crystal A404 (emitted light B418).
[0028]
As the display mode of the liquid crystal layer, homogeneous alignment driven by a lateral electric field or vertical alignment mode can be used in the normally black mode. In the case of twisted nematic orientation, when used in the normally white mode, phase modulation is small during black display and good polarization selectivity can be obtained.
[0029]
(Embodiment 4)
FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a fourth liquid crystal display device of the present invention. In the same configuration as in the second embodiment, a polarization selective reflection layer B504 is formed outside the substrate B503, and a polarization selective reflection layer D508 is formed outside the substrate C507. The polarization selective reflection layer A501 and the polarization selective reflection layer C505 have different polarization selective reflectivities. Further, the polarization selective reflection layer A501 and the polarization selective reflection layer B504, and the polarization selective reflection layer C505 and the polarization selective reflection layer D508 also have different polarization selective reflection properties. Specifically, the polarization selective reflection layer A501 and the polarization selective reflection layer D508 transmit the S wave and reflect the P wave. Further, the polarization selective reflection layer C505 and the polarization selective reflection layer B504 transmit the P wave and reflect the S wave.
[0030]
Further, the liquid crystal A502 and the liquid crystal B506 are set to a display mode in which the phase is not modulated with respect to light passing through the liquid crystal layer at the time of black display and phase modulation is performed at the time of white display. With this configuration, the light utilization efficiency is improved on the same principle as in the third embodiment.
[0031]
The liquid crystal display devices of the following fifth and sixth embodiments are liquid crystal display devices having a display portion on one side of a substrate.
[0032]
(Embodiment 5)
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the first stereoscopic display apparatus of the present invention. The liquid crystal display device described in Embodiment 1 in which the liquid crystal panel A 901 and the liquid crystal panel B 902 are laminated on the light guide 900 is disposed. A reflective plate A904, a reflective plate B905, an optical element A906, and an optical element B907 are arranged as an optical path changing mechanism facing the display surface. The optical element has a function of uniformly irradiating a signal on the display surface onto the screen 908. In the liquid crystal display device, the display surfaces on both sides display a right eye signal and a left eye signal, respectively. The signals are combined on the screen 908 by the above-described optical path changing mechanism, thereby enabling stereoscopic viewing.
[0033]
As the liquid crystal display device, any one of the liquid crystal display devices described in Embodiments 1 to 4 may be used. In addition to the above, the optical path changing mechanism can be formed so that the right eye signal and the left eye signal can be synthesized on the screen.
[0034]
(Embodiment 6)
FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of the second stereoscopic display apparatus of the present invention. The liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment including the light guide 800, the liquid crystal panel A801, the liquid crystal panel B802, and the like is disposed. In addition, an optical path changing mechanism including the reflecting plate A803 and the reflecting plate B804 is formed. At this time, the display unit on both sides of the liquid crystal display device displays the right eye signal and the left eye signal, respectively, and the right eye signal and the left eye signal are separately incident on the right eye and the left eye by the optical path changing mechanism, respectively. Can be performed.
[0035]
(Embodiment 7)
In the third stereoscopic display device of the present invention, in the same configuration as in the fifth embodiment, the display units on both sides of the liquid crystal display device display the display information corresponding to the different depths of focus of the eyes. Stereoscopy can be performed by synthesizing images with different depths of focus of eyes.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the light use efficiency of the liquid crystal display device for double-sided display or single-sided display is improved, and high luminance and low power can be achieved. Further, by providing the substrate with a light guide function, the thickness can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a principle diagram for improving light utilization efficiency. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a fourth embodiment. FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a stereoscopic display device according to a fifth embodiment. FIG. 7 is a stereoscopic display according to the sixth embodiment. System configuration [Explanation of symbols]
100 Light Guide 101 Light Condensing Film 102 Polarization Selective Reflective Layer A
103 Substrate A
104 Liquid crystal A
105 Substrate B
106 Polarizing plate A
107 Condensing film 108 Polarization selective reflection layer B
109 Substrate C
110 Liquid crystal B
111 Substrate D
112 Polarizing plate B
113 Lamp cover 114 Light source 115 Emitted light A
116 Outgoing light B
117 Outgoing light C
118 Outgoing light D

Claims (13)

導光体の両面に液晶パネルが配置された液晶表示装置において、前記導光体と前記液晶パネル間に偏光選択反射層が配置され、さらに前記導光体の両側で前記偏光選択反射層が互いに異なる偏光選択性を有することを特徴とする液晶表示装置。In a liquid crystal display device in which liquid crystal panels are arranged on both sides of a light guide, a polarization selective reflection layer is arranged between the light guide and the liquid crystal panel, and the polarization selective reflection layers are arranged on both sides of the light guide. A liquid crystal display device having different polarization selectivity. 導光機能を有する第１基板の片面側に第１液晶層と第２基板が形成され、前記第１基板の他面側に第２液晶層と第３基板が形成された液晶表示装置において、前記第１基板と前記第１液晶層、及び前記第１基板と前記第２液晶層間に偏光選択反射層が積層され、さらに前記第１基板の両側で前記偏光選択反射層が互いに異なる偏光選択性を有することを特徴とする液晶表示装置。 In a liquid crystal display device in which a first liquid crystal layer and a second substrate are formed on one side of a first substrate having a light guiding function, and a second liquid crystal layer and a third substrate are formed on the other side of the first substrate. A polarization selective reflection layer is laminated between the first substrate and the first liquid crystal layer, and between the first substrate and the second liquid crystal layer, and the polarization selective reflection layers are different from each other on both sides of the first substrate. A liquid crystal display device comprising: 導光体の片面に第１液晶パネルが配置され、前記第１液晶パネルが、前記導光体側から第１偏光選択反射層、第１液晶層、及び第２偏光選択反射層を有し、さらに前記導光体の他面に第２液晶パネルが配置され、前記第２液晶パネルが、前記導光体側から第３偏光選択反射層、第２液晶層、及び第４偏光選択反射層を有するときに、前記第１偏光選択反射層と前記第３偏光選択反射層が互いに異なる偏光選択性を有し、さらに前記第１偏光選択反射層と前記第２偏光選択反射層、及び前記第３偏光選択反射層と前記第４偏光選択反射層がそれぞれ互いに異なる偏光選択性を有することを特徴とする液晶表示装置。A first liquid crystal panel is disposed on one side of the light guide, and the first liquid crystal panel includes a first polarization selective reflection layer, a first liquid crystal layer, and a second polarization selective reflection layer from the light guide side, and When the second liquid crystal panel is disposed on the other surface of the light guide, and the second liquid crystal panel includes a third polarization selective reflection layer, a second liquid crystal layer, and a fourth polarization selective reflection layer from the light guide side. In addition, the first polarization selective reflection layer and the third polarization selective reflection layer have different polarization selectivity, and further, the first polarization selective reflection layer, the second polarization selective reflection layer, and the third polarization selection A liquid crystal display device, wherein the reflective layer and the fourth polarization selective reflection layer have different polarization selectivity. 導光機能を有する第１基板の片面側に前記第１基板側から、第１偏光選択反射層、第１液晶層、第２偏光選択反射層、及び第２基板が形成され、前記第１基板の他面側に前記第１基板側から第３偏光選択反射層、第２液晶層、第４偏光選択反射層、及び第３基板が形成された液晶表示装置において、前記第１偏光選択反射層と前記第３偏光選択反射層が互いに異なる偏光選択性を有し、さらに前記第１偏光選択反射層と前記第２偏光選択反射層、及び前記第３偏光選択反射層と前記第４偏光選択反射層がそれぞれ互いに異なる偏光選択性を有することを特徴とする液晶表示装置。 A first polarization selective reflection layer, a first liquid crystal layer, a second polarization selective reflection layer, and a second substrate are formed on one side of the first substrate having a light guide function from the first substrate side, and the first substrate is formed. In the liquid crystal display device in which the third polarization selective reflection layer, the second liquid crystal layer, the fourth polarization selective reflection layer, and the third substrate are formed on the other surface side from the first substrate side, the first polarization selective reflection layer And the third polarization selective reflection layer have different polarization selectivity, the first polarization selective reflection layer and the second polarization selective reflection layer, and the third polarization selective reflection layer and the fourth polarization selective reflection. A liquid crystal display device, wherein the layers have different polarization selectivity. 前記偏光選択反射層が、円偏光に対して偏光選択性を有することを特徴とする請求項１から４のいずれかに記載の液晶表示装置。The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the polarization selective reflection layer has polarization selectivity with respect to circularly polarized light. 前記偏光選択反射層が、直線偏光に対して偏光選択性を有することを特徴とする請求項１から４のいずれかに記載の液晶表示装置。The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the polarization selective reflection layer has polarization selectivity with respect to linearly polarized light. 前記導光体の端面に光源が配設された請求項１、又は３記載の液晶表示装置。The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein a light source is disposed on an end surface of the light guide. 前記導光体の一部に光源が設けられたことを特徴とする請求項１、又は３記載の液晶表示装置。4. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein a light source is provided on a part of the light guide. 前記第１基板の端面に光源が配設された請求項２、又は４記載の液晶表示装置。The liquid crystal display device according to claim 2, wherein a light source is disposed on an end surface of the first substrate. 前記第１基板の一部に光源が設けられたことを特徴とする請求項２、又は４記載の液晶表示装置。The liquid crystal display device according to claim 2, wherein a light source is provided on a part of the first substrate. 請求項１から４のいずれかに記載の液晶表示装置と光路変更機構を含む立体視表示装置において、前記液晶表示装置の両側の表示部がそれぞれ右目信号と左目信号を表示し、前記光路変更機構により、前記右目信号と前記左目信号が合成されることで立体視を行う立体視表示装置。The stereoscopic display device including the liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and an optical path changing mechanism, wherein display units on both sides of the liquid crystal display device respectively display a right eye signal and a left eye signal, and the optical path changing mechanism. Thus, the stereoscopic display device performs stereoscopic viewing by combining the right eye signal and the left eye signal. 請求項１から４のいずれかに記載の液晶表示装置と光路変更機構を含む立体視表示装置において、前記液晶表示装置の両側の表示部がそれぞれ右目信号と左目信号を表示し、前記光路変更機構により、前記右目信号と前記左目信号が別個にそれぞれ右目と左目に入射することで立体視を行う立体視表示装置。The stereoscopic display device including the liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and an optical path changing mechanism, wherein display units on both sides of the liquid crystal display device respectively display a right eye signal and a left eye signal, and the optical path changing mechanism. Thus, the stereoscopic display device performs stereoscopic viewing by allowing the right eye signal and the left eye signal to separately enter the right eye and the left eye, respectively. 請求項１から４のいずれかに記載の液晶表示装置と光路変更機構を含む立体視表示装置において、前記液晶表示装置の両側の表示部がそれぞれ目の焦点深度が異なる状態に対応する表示情報を表示し、前記光路変更機構により前記表示情報を合成することで立体視を行う立体視表示装置。5. The stereoscopic display device including the liquid crystal display device according to claim 1 and an optical path changing mechanism, wherein display information corresponding to a state in which the display units on both sides of the liquid crystal display device have different depths of focus of eyes respectively. A stereoscopic display device that performs stereoscopic viewing by displaying and synthesizing the display information by the optical path changing mechanism.
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