JP4110252B2 - Display device and basic color generation method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a display device having three basic colors and a basic color generation method in the display device.

  At the back of the human retina is a cone that is a photoreceptor. This cone has three cones (L cone, M cone, S cone) that are highly sensitive to red, green, and blue light. In the case of normal eyes, these three cones are used to distinguish each color. Is functioning for. However, when these three cones do not function normally, they appear as color blindness such as color blindness. The color vision abnormality includes a two-color type first color vision abnormality, a second color vision abnormality, and a third color vision abnormality each lacking the L cone, the M cone, and the S cone. As described in Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2, the frequency of first color vision abnormality and second color vision abnormality is said to be an incidence of about 4.5% for boys and 0.156% for girls. On the other hand, the frequency of the third color vision abnormality is very rare, and it is said that the incidence is about 1 to 50,000 people (0.002 to 0.01%).

  8 shows a confusion color line (confusion loci) in the case of the first color vision abnormality, FIG. 9 shows a confusion color line in the case of the second color vision abnormality, and FIG. 10 shows a confusion color line in the case of the third color vision abnormality. (Refer nonpatent literature 3). First, the display formats of FIGS. 8 to 10 will be briefly described. FIGS. 8 to 10 show CIE (Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage: International Illumination) in which various colors are represented as three-dimensional coordinates by the mixing ratio of red, green, and blue light and projected onto the xy plane. It is an xy chromaticity diagram by a committee). The area in the curve on the xy chromaticity diagram (the area indicated by each predetermined range of chromaticity coordinates x and y) represents the color name. For example, the upper left area is green, the lower left area is blue, and the right The horizontal region represents red, the diagonally upper right region (x = 0.45 to 0.5, y = 0.45 to 0.5) represents yellow, and the central region represents white. When two colors indicated by chromaticity coordinates (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) are mixed on the xy chromaticity diagram, the resulting color is on a straight line connecting the two colors. Numerical values given around the curve on the xy chromaticity diagram indicate the wavelength of each color in nm units.

  A plurality of straight lines shown in the curve in FIG. 8 indicate confusion color lines indicating that the color on the straight line cannot be distinguished in the case of the first color vision abnormality. For example, in the case of the first color vision abnormality, it is not possible to discriminate the color on the confusion color line C1 connecting red near the wavelength of 650 nm and green near the wavelength of 500 nm. It is also impossible to discriminate colors on a confusion color line (not shown) connecting red near the wavelength of 650 nm and yellow near the wavelength of 580 nm. On the other hand, there is no confusion color line for yellow near the wavelength of 580 nm and green near the wavelength of 500 nm, so the two colors are not confused.

  Similarly, a plurality of straight lines shown in the curve in FIG. 9 indicate confusion color lines indicating that the color on the straight line cannot be distinguished in the case of the second color vision abnormality. For example, in the case of the second color vision abnormality, it is not possible to discriminate the color on the confusion color line C2 connecting red near the wavelength of 650 nm and yellow near the wavelength of 580 nm. On the other hand, there is no confusion color line for yellow near the wavelength of 580 nm and green near the wavelength of 500 nm, so the two colors are not confused.

  Similarly, the plurality of straight lines shown in the curve in FIG. 10 indicate confusion color lines indicating that the color on the straight line cannot be distinguished in the case of the third color vision abnormality. For example, in the case of the third color vision abnormality, the color on the confusion color line C3 that connects blue near the wavelength of 450 nm and green near the wavelength of 520 nm cannot be distinguished. On the other hand, there is no confusion color line for yellow near the wavelength of 580 nm and green near the wavelength of 500 nm, so the two colors are not confused.

  FIG. 11 is a chromaticity diagram showing a chromaticity range of a road traffic signal lamp. For example, as described in Patent Document 1, the chromaticity range of road traffic signal lights is defined by the specifications of the National Police Agency (the police regulations, etc., hereinafter simply referred to as “specifications”). In FIG. 11, symbol B is a chromaticity range of blue signal light (shown by hatching), Y is a chromaticity range of yellow signal light (shown by hatching), and R is a chromaticity range of red signal light (shown by hatching). ). Although commonly referred to as a blue signal, a blue signal, etc., the chromaticity range B of the blue signal light is actually a green chromaticity range. Hereinafter, in the case of road traffic signal lights, unless otherwise confused, it is customarily referred to as blue signal light or blue. Each signal light of the road traffic signal light can be created by combining any color within the chromaticity ranges B, Y, and R defined by the respective specifications. Here, for example, in the case of the first color vision abnormality, the color on the confusion color line shown in FIG. 8 cannot be discriminated as described above, so the red signal light and the blue signal light are discriminated from each other. There was a problem that it was impossible to discriminate from signal light. Similarly, in the case of the second color vision abnormality, there is a problem in that the red signal light and the yellow signal light cannot be distinguished because the color on the confusion color line shown in FIG. 9 cannot be distinguished as described above. . In the case of the third color vision abnormality, there is no signal light that cannot be distinguished from the confusion color line shown in FIG. However, in any display device other than road traffic lights, when the colors in the two chromaticity ranges on the confusion color line are used as specifications, the colors in the two chromaticity ranges may not be distinguished. There was a problem.

  In order to solve the above problems, various road traffic signal lights have been developed. Patent Document 1 aims to provide blue signal light for reducing the first color blind person from misidentifying a red signal and a blue signal, and a plurality of types of small light sources having different main wavelengths are spatially arranged. It is described that blue signal light is obtained by arranging and mixing two colors. Patent Document 2 aims to provide a one-lamp type road traffic signal that can be used even by people with color disabilities to display signals, and displays them in different shapes or positions together with a normal main display unit having a fixed shape. It is described that an auxiliary display unit is provided. Patent Document 3 describes the provision of an auxiliary indicator light that emits a wavelength of a color that can be easily identified by a color blind person around the normal signal light for the purpose of providing a signal light that can be easily recognized by a color blind person. ing.

Kazuo Ichikawa, “7. Inheritance of color blindness”, page 161, color blindness, ophthalmology MOOK, No. 16, Published on 18 February 1982, published by Kanehara Publishing Co., Ltd. Norio Ohba, “8. Third color blindness”, page 171, color blindness, ophthalmology MOOK, No. 16, Published on 18 February 1982, published by Kanehara Publishing Co., Ltd. Uchiyama Junji, “Mechanism of color vision”, pages 91-92, first published on September 25, 1998, published by Asakura Shoten Co., Ltd. JP-A-8-138192 JP-A-11-39593 JP 2002-231003 A

  In the prior art described in Patent Documents 2 and 3 described above, although it is easy for color-blind persons to discriminate signal colors, an auxiliary display unit or auxiliary display lamp is provided in addition to a normal road traffic signal lamp. Yes. For this reason, unless the existence of road traffic signal lamps equipped with auxiliary indicator lights is well known, people with normal color perception will be distracted from shapes that are different from their normal shapes. There is a problem that it may be difficult to make a momentary judgment. In particular, it is difficult for a traveling driver to make a momentary judgment with a road traffic signal lamp having an unfamiliar shape different from a normal shape. Further, since an auxiliary display unit and the like are provided in addition to a normal road traffic signal light, there is a problem that the manufacturing cost increases.

  In the prior art described in Patent Document 1, since the blue color signal light is provided, it is possible for the first color blind person to reduce the misunderstanding of the red signal light and the blue signal light. However, there is a problem that the first color blind person cannot reduce the misunderstanding of the red signal light and the yellow signal light, and the second color blind person cannot reduce the misperception of the same road traffic light. In particular, when the colors of the two chromaticity ranges on the confusion color line are used as specifications or the like in any display device other than the road traffic signal lights in the third color blind person described above, the colors of the two chromaticity ranges are changed. There was a problem that discrimination might not be possible.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problem, and easily distinguish both color-blind persons and those having normal color vision without changing the shape of a normal road traffic signal light. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a display device that can suppress an increase in manufacturing cost.

  A second object of the present invention is to provide a road traffic signal light or other display device that can reduce misunderstanding not only for the first color blind person but also for the other second and third color blind persons. is there.

In the display device of the present invention, the basic color is included in the predetermined chromaticity range on the chromaticity diagram, and one or both of the two basic colors on the same confused color line that cannot be color-distinguished by the color blind person are the same. A basic color setting unit configured to set a basic color by combination control for combining using colors that are not on the confused color line, and the combination control of the basic color setting unit is configured to determine a basic color for one or both of the two basic colors. The wavelength is different and the same kind of color as the basic color is mixed within or outside the predetermined chromaticity range corresponding to the basic color. The mixing changes the emission wavelength due to a change in current value. A pulse current having a predetermined number of peak current values and having a period between pulse groups including pulses having different peak current values equal to or less than a predetermined pulse period is supplied to the wavelength tunable light emitting diode. Cormorant be characterized.

  In the display device of the present invention, the basic color is included in the predetermined chromaticity range on the chromaticity diagram, and one or both of the two basic colors on the same confused color line that cannot be color-distinguished by the color blind person are the same. A basic color setting unit configured to set a basic color by combination control for combining using colors that are not on the confused color line, and the combination control of the basic color setting unit is configured to determine a basic color for one or both of the two basic colors. The control has a chromaticity coordinate on the inner side and mixes the same kind of color with the basic color within or outside the predetermined chromaticity range corresponding to the basic color, and the mixing is performed by changing a current value. A pulse current having a predetermined number of peak current values and a period between pulse groups including pulses having different peak current values being equal to or less than a predetermined pulse period is applied to the wavelength tunable light emitting diode whose emission wavelength changes. Shed And performing by the.

  Here, in the display device according to the present invention, the display device may be a traffic signal lamp used for road traffic control.

In the basic color generation method of the present invention, the basic color is included in a predetermined chromaticity range on the chromaticity diagram, and one or both of the two basic colors on the same confusing color line that cannot be color-distinguished by a color blind person are displayed. The basic color is set by a composition control for composition using colors that are not on the same mixed color line , and the composition control has a wavelength different from the fundamental color and one or both of the two basic colors. The control is to mix the same kind of color with the basic color within or outside the predetermined chromaticity range corresponding to the basic color, and the mixing is applied to the wavelength tunable light emitting diode whose emission wavelength is changed by a change in current value. and characterized in that a pulse current having a peak current value of a predetermined number, performed by the period between pulse groups comprising pulses of different peak current value a pulse current is less than a predetermined pulse period That.

  In the basic color generation method of the present invention, the basic color is included in a predetermined chromaticity range on the chromaticity diagram, and one or both of the two basic colors on the same confusing color line that cannot be color-distinguished by a color blind person are displayed. The basic color is set by the synthesis control for synthesizing using colors that are not on the same confused color line, and the synthesis control is performed for one or both of the two basic colors with chromaticity coordinates inside the basic color. And mixing the same kind of color with the basic color within or outside the predetermined chromaticity range corresponding to the basic color, and the mixing is a wavelength at which the emission wavelength changes due to a change in current value. This is performed by passing a pulse current having a predetermined number of peak current values through the variable light emitting diode and having a period between pulse groups including pulses having different peak current values being equal to or less than a predetermined pulse period. And wherein the door.

Here, the basic color generation method of the present invention, it is Rukoto using the basic color setting the basic color generation method of the traffic light is used to control the road traffic.

  According to the display device or the like of the present invention, the combination control unit of the basic color setting unit has two basic colors (for example, a blue signal color in the case of a traffic signal light) existing on the same confusion color line of the first to third color blind persons. And / or a red signal color) are mixed with a color (for example, blue) of the same type as the basic color that is different in wavelength from the basic color and within or outside a predetermined chromaticity range corresponding to the basic color. Take control. Alternatively, one or both of two basic colors (for example, a blue signal color and a red signal color in the case of a traffic signal light) existing on the same confused color line of the first to third color blind persons are inside the basic color. Control is performed to have the same kind of color as that of the basic color within the predetermined chromaticity range corresponding to the basic color and having the chromaticity coordinates. As a result, it is possible to obtain a blue signal light and a red signal light that are easily discriminated by the first color blind person. The same applies to other cases of abnormal color vision. The basic color mixing is a pulse group including a pulse current having a predetermined number of peak current values from a pulse power supply to a wavelength tunable light emitting diode whose emission wavelength changes according to a change in current value, and including pulses having different peak current values. This is performed by flowing a pulse current having a period between them at a predetermined pulse period or less at a predetermined pulse interval.

  That is, in the display device of the present invention, the display element is a tunable light emitting diode, and mixing of basic colors can be realized by controlling the emission color based on the principle of the display device of the present invention. Therefore, for example, without changing the shape of a normal road traffic signal light, it is possible to easily discriminate both color-blind people and those who have normal color vision, and provide a display device and the like that can suppress an increase in manufacturing cost. be able to. Furthermore, since the principle of the display device of the present invention can be applied to the cases of the first to third color vision abnormalities, not only the first color vision abnormal people but also other second and third color vision abnormal people are mistaken. There is an effect that it is possible to provide road traffic signal lights or other display devices that can be reduced.

  Hereinafter, each embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  First, the principle of the display device and the like of the present invention will be described, and then a specific display device and the like will be described. For convenience of explanation, a three-lamp type road traffic signal light using three basic colors will be described as an example. In this case, the three basic colors are a blue signal color, a red signal color, and a yellow signal color.

In the case of the first color blindness.
FIG. 1A is a chromaticity diagram for explaining the principle of the display device of the present invention based on the confusion color line in the case of the first color vision abnormality. The chromaticity diagram shown in FIG. 1 (A) is the same as the chromaticity diagram shown in FIG. 8, and the portions denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. As shown in FIG. 1A, blue B1 in the chromaticity range B (within the specification range) of the blue signal light, which is one of the three basic colors, is a red signal that is one of the three basic colors. It is on the same confusion color line as red in the chromaticity range R of light (within the specification range). For this reason, a person with a first color vision abnormality easily misidentifies blue B1 and red on the same confusion color line. Thus, when blue B1 is mixed with blue B2 having a shorter wavelength than the chromaticity range B of the blue signal light, blue on the straight line B1B2 can be obtained. By selecting a blue color that is on the straight line and within the chromaticity range B of the blue signal light as the blue signal light, a blue color that is not on the same color line as the red color within the chromaticity range R of the red signal light is obtained. Can do. As a result, it is possible to obtain the blue signal light and the red signal light that are easily discriminated by the first color blind person.

  Of course, blue B1 may be fixed and red may be changed in the same manner. That is, the red color outside the chromaticity range R of the red signal light and having a shorter or longer wavelength is mixed with the original red color, or the original red color is outside the chromaticity range R of the red signal light and the inner color. A red color having a degree coordinate may be mixed. Even in this case, it is possible to obtain red that is not on the same confusion color line as blue within the chromaticity range B of the blue signal light. As a result, it is possible to obtain a blue signal light and a red signal light that are easily discriminated by the first color blind person.

  FIG. 1B is another chromaticity diagram for explaining the principle of the display device of the present invention based on the confusion color line in the case of the first color vision abnormality. The chromaticity diagram shown in FIG. 1B is the same as the chromaticity diagram shown in FIG. 8, and the portions denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1B, yellow Y1 within the chromaticity range Y of yellow signal light (within the specification range), which is one of the three basic colors, is within the chromaticity range R of red signal light ( It is on the same confusion color line as the red color within the specification. For this reason, the first color blind person is likely to misidentify yellow Y1 and red on the same confusing color line. Therefore, when yellow Y2 having chromaticity coordinates inside and outside the chromaticity range Y of yellow signal light is mixed with yellow Y1, yellow on the straight line Y1Y2 can be obtained. By selecting a yellow color within the chromaticity range Y of the yellow signal light as the yellow signal light on the straight line, a yellow color that is not on the same confusion color line as the red color within the chromaticity range R of the red signal light is selected. Obtainable. As a result, it is possible to obtain yellow signal light and red signal light that can be easily discriminated by the first color blind person.

  Of course, yellow Y1 may be fixed, and red may be changed in the same manner. That is, the red color outside the chromaticity range R of the red signal light and having a shorter or longer wavelength is mixed with the original red color, or the original red color is outside the chromaticity range R of the red signal light and the inner color. A red color having a degree coordinate may be mixed. Even in this case, a red color that is not on the same confused color line as the yellow color in the chromaticity range Y of the yellow signal light can be obtained. As a result, it is possible to obtain yellow signal light and red signal light that can be easily discriminated by the first color blind person.

  In the above, the case of the first color vision abnormality has been described by taking a three-lamp type road traffic signal light using three colors of red, blue and yellow as an example. However, the display device of the present invention can also be a two-lamp type road traffic signal light in which any two colors are extracted from the three basic colors (red, blue and yellow) set as described above. . Or the display apparatus of this invention can also be used as the one-lamp type road traffic signal light which took out arbitrary one color from the three basic colors (red, blue, and yellow) set as mentioned above. Of course, the principle of the display device of the present invention can be applied to a desired display device other than a road traffic light, such as a color display device. In this case, the three basic colors may be red, green and blue.

In case of second color blindness.
FIG. 2 is a chromaticity diagram for explaining the principle of the display device of the present invention based on the confusion color line in the case of the second color vision abnormality. The chromaticity diagram shown in FIG. 2 is the same as the chromaticity diagram shown in FIG. 9, and the portions denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 2, yellow Y1 in the chromaticity range Y of yellow signal light (within the specification range) is on the same confusion color line as red in the chromaticity range R of red signal light (within the specification range). It is in. For this reason, the second color vision abnormal person easily misidentifies yellow Y1 and red on the same confusion color line. Therefore, when yellow Y2 having chromaticity coordinates inside and outside the chromaticity range Y of yellow signal light is mixed with yellow Y1, yellow on the straight line Y1Y2 can be obtained. By selecting a yellow color within the chromaticity range Y of the yellow signal light as the yellow signal light on the straight line, a yellow color that is not on the same confusion color line as the red color within the chromaticity range R of the red signal light is selected. Obtainable. As a result, it is possible to obtain yellow signal light and red signal light that are easily discriminated by the second color blind person.

  In the above, the case of the second color vision abnormality has been described as an example of a three-lamp type road traffic signal light using three colors of red, blue and yellow. However, the display device of the present invention can also be a two-lamp type road traffic signal light in which any two colors are extracted from the three basic colors (red, blue and yellow) set as described above. . Or the display apparatus of this invention can also be used as the one-lamp type road traffic signal light which took out arbitrary one color from the three basic colors (red, blue, and yellow) set as mentioned above. Of course, the principle of the display device of the present invention can be applied to a desired display device other than a road traffic light, such as a color display device. In this case, the three basic colors may be red, green and blue.

In the case of third color blindness.
FIG. 3 is a chromaticity diagram for explaining the principle of the display device of the present invention based on the confusion color line in the case of the third color vision abnormality. Since the chromaticity diagram shown in FIG. 3 is the same as the chromaticity diagram shown in FIG. 10, the description of the chromaticity diagram itself is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 3, one of the three basic colors of a desired display device (for example, a color display) other than a road traffic signal light is blue (actual blue color different from the blue color in the case of a road traffic signal light). The blue color BL1 in the chromaticity range BL is on the same confusion color line as the red color in the red chromaticity range R, which is one of the three basic colors of the desired display device. For this reason, a person with a third color blindness easily misidentifies blue BL1 and red on the same confusion color line. Therefore, blue BL2 having a chromaticity coordinate inside and outside the chromaticity range BL is mixed with the blue BL1. As a result, the blue color on the straight line BL1BL2 can be obtained. By selecting a blue color on the straight line and within the chromaticity range BL as the blue color of the desired display device, a blue color that is not on the same confused color line as the red color within the chromaticity range R can be obtained. . As a result, it is possible to obtain blue and red that can be easily discriminated by the third color blind person.

  Of course, the blue color BL1 may be fixed and the red color may be changed in the same manner. In other words, the original red color may be mixed with a red color that is outside the chromaticity range R and has an inner chromaticity coordinate. Even in this case, a red color that is not on the same confused color line as the blue color in the chromaticity range BL can be obtained. As a result, it is possible to obtain blue and red that can be easily discriminated by the third color blind person.

  Similarly to the case of the first or second color vision abnormality, blue having a wavelength shorter or longer than the chromaticity range BL and having a shorter wavelength may be mixed. Even in this case, a blue color that is not on the same confused color line as the red color within the chromaticity range R can be obtained. Or of course, blue BL1 may be fixed and the red side may be changed in the same manner. That is, a red color having a shorter or longer wavelength than the chromaticity range R may be mixed with the original red color. Even in this case, a red color that is not on the same confused color line as the blue color in the chromaticity range BL can be obtained. As a result, it is possible to obtain blue and red that can be easily discriminated by the third color blind person.

  The case of the third color vision abnormality has been described above using blue and red as examples. Since the same applies to one of the three basic colors, green and blue, or red and green, description thereof will be omitted. In the case of the third color vision abnormality, a desired display device other than the road traffic light has been described. However, the display device or the like of the present invention can be applied to the third color blind person in order to correctly recognize the red color of the above-mentioned three-lamp type, two-lamp type, or one-lamp type road traffic signal light. is there. That is, the display device of the present invention can be a three-lamp type road traffic signal light using the three basic colors (red, blue and yellow) set as described above. The display device or the like of the present invention can be a two-lamp type road traffic signal light in which any two colors are extracted from the three basic colors (red, blue and yellow) set as described above. Or the display apparatus of this invention can also be used as the one-lamp type road traffic signal light which took out arbitrary one color from the three basic colors (red, blue, and yellow) set as mentioned above.

  Next, a specific display device and the like will be described. FIG. 4 shows the display device 10 (three-lamp type road traffic signal light) in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 12 denotes a first basic color display unit that displays the first basic color of the display device 10, 14 denotes a second basic color display unit that displays the second basic color of the display device 10, and 16 denotes the display device 10. The third basic color display unit 18 displays the third basic color, and 18 is a display element constituting the first basic color display unit 12. When the display device 10 is a traffic signal lamp used for road traffic control, for example, the first basic color can be a blue signal color, the second basic color can be a yellow signal color, and the third basic color can be a red signal color. The display element 18 is preferably a light emitting diode (LED), for example. The display elements of the second basic color display unit 14 and the third basic color display unit 16 are the same as the display element 18 of the first basic color display unit 12. The above-described two-lamp type road traffic signal lamp can be realized by using any two of the first basic color display unit 12, the second basic color display unit 14, and the third basic color display unit 16. . The one-lamp type road traffic signal light described above can be realized by using any one of the first basic color display unit 12, the second basic color display unit 14, and the third basic color display unit 16. .

  FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the internal configuration 20 of the display device 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 5, reference numeral 22 is an input terminal, 24 is connected to the input terminal 22, and is a color blind person setting unit for setting one or a plurality of first to third color blind persons. Is connected to the color blind person setting unit 24 and the basic color is included in a predetermined chromaticity range B, Y, R, etc. on the chromaticity diagram, and the color blind person is on the same confused color line of the color blind person The basic color is set by selection control for selecting a state in which two basic colors that cannot be distinguished by color do not exist or by combining control for combining one or both of the two basic colors using a color that is not on the same mixed color line The basic color setting unit 28 performs a pulse power supply connected to the basic color setting unit 26, 30 indicates a wavelength variable LED connected to the pulse power supply 28, and 32 indicates an output terminal of the wavelength variable LED 30.

  The color blind person setting unit 24 can set the type of the color blind person based on the input from the input terminal 22. For example, when there is an input designating the first color blind person, the first color blind person is set as the type of the color blind person. When there is an input for designating the first color blind person and the second color blind person, the first color blind person and the second color blind person can be set as the type of the color blind person. Alternatively, a color blind person may be set based on a preset initial value (for example, a first color blind person). The basic color setting unit 26 sets a basic color for the type of color blind person set by the color blind person setting part 24.

  The composition control of the basic color setting unit 26 realizes the principle of the display device of the present invention based on the confusion color lines in the case of the first to third color vision abnormalities described above. That is, for one or both of two basic colors (for example, a blue signal color and a red signal color in the case of a traffic signal light) existing on the same confusion color line of each color blind person, the basic color and the wavelength are different and the basic color In this control, the same color (for example, blue) as the basic color is mixed within or outside a predetermined chromaticity range corresponding to the color. Alternatively, the composition control of the basic color setting unit 26 is performed for one or both of two basic colors (for example, a blue signal color and a red signal color in the case of a traffic signal light) existing on the same confusion color line of the color blind person. This control has a chromaticity coordinate on the inner side of the basic color and mixes the same type of color (for example, blue) within or outside a predetermined chromaticity range corresponding to the basic color. The colors used in the composition control can be any combination of colors within and outside the predetermined chromaticity range described above.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the mixing of the basic colors described above is performed by applying a predetermined number of pulse currents having a predetermined number of peak current values from the pulse power supply 28 to the wavelength variable LED 30 whose emission wavelength changes according to the change in the current value. This can be done by flowing at a frequency. The wavelength tunable LED 30 changes the emission wavelength by changing the value of the flowing current. Therefore, by causing a pulse current having a plurality of (predetermined number) peak current values to flow through the wavelength tunable LED 30, it is possible to emit light of a plurality of types according to the plurality of peak current values. Here, if the pulse period is 25 ms or more (or the pulse frequency is 40 Hz or less), light emission of plural kinds of colors appears to blink separately to the human eye. However, if the pulse period is set to 25 ms or less (or the pulse frequency is set to 40 Hz or more), light emission of a plurality of colors appears to be mixed with human eyes, so that the above-described mixing of basic colors can be realized. The boundary frequency at which the blinking light appears to be lit is called critical fusion frequency (CFF). CFF varies depending on light intensity, wavelength, etc., but it is said that the CFF of a normal person under standard stimulation conditions is about 40 Hz (by Keisuke Kobayashi, “Electronic Display”, page 199, March 1992). First edition published on the 10th, published by the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers). Therefore, the pulse period needs to be 25 ms or less (or the pulse frequency is 40 Hz or more). As the wavelength tunable LED 30, when the basic color after synthesis is green or blue, NSPG type green LED or NSPE type blue green LED manufactured by Nichia Corporation is suitable.

  FIG. 6 is a pulse waveform diagram for explaining the emission color control method of the wavelength tunable LED 30. In FIG. 6, the horizontal axis represents time (μs), and the vertical axis represents the current (mA) flowing through the wavelength tunable LED 30. T0, t1,. . . , T9 are equally spaced. As shown in FIG. 6, the predetermined number of peak current values is two (two steps), Ia (mA) and Ib (mA). Ta is the pulse width when the peak current value is Ia (mA), and Tb is the pulse width when the peak current value is Ib (mA). T is a pulse group S1 including two pulses Pa and Pb (pulses having different peak current values) having different peak current values Ia (mA) and Ib (mA), and another similar pulse group S2. (Period between pulse groups, that is, a predetermined pulse period). Here, when the pulse period T is set to 25 ms or less (or the frequency of the pulse group S1 or the like is 40 Hz or more), the human eye emits light having a light emission wavelength corresponding to Ia (mA) and the peak current value is Ib. Since the emission of the emission wavelength corresponding to (mA) appears to be mixed, the above-described mixing of the basic colors can be realized. By changing the ratio between the pulse width Ta and Tb, the emission intensity of the emission wavelength corresponding to Ia (mA) and the emission intensity of the emission wavelength corresponding to Ib (mA) are changed, and both emission wavelengths are changed. Light emission of various hues can be obtained. Since the pulse period T is 25 ms or less, the light emission of the two colors appears to be mixed with the human eye, and the above-described mixing of the basic colors can be realized. In FIG. 6, for convenience, only two pulse groups (S1 and S2) are shown. However, if the pulse period T is 25 ms or less, three or more pulse groups can be used.

  FIG. 7 is another pulse waveform diagram for explaining the emission color control method of the wavelength tunable LED 30. 7 with the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 6 have the same meaning, and the description thereof will be omitted. T9, t10, t11,. . . , T16 are equally spaced as well. The predetermined number of peak current values is three (three steps), Ia (mA), Ib (mA), and Ic (mA). Tc is the pulse width when the peak current value is Ic (mA). The period T is different from the pulse group S3 including three pulses Pa, Pb, and Pc (pulses having different peak current values) having different peak current values Ia (mA), Ib (mA), and Ic (mA). The period between the same pulse group S4 (period between pulse groups, that is, a predetermined pulse period). Here, if the pulse period T is 25 ms or less (or the frequency of the pulse group S3 or the like is 40 Hz or more), the human eye emits light having a light emission wavelength corresponding to Ia (mA) and the peak current value is Ib. Since the emission of the emission wavelength corresponding to (mA) and the emission of the emission wavelength corresponding to the peak current value corresponding to Ic (mA) appear to be mixed, the above-described mixing of the basic colors can be realized. By changing the ratio between the pulse widths Ta, Tb and Tc, the emission intensity of the emission wavelength according to Ia (mA), the emission intensity of the emission wavelength according to Ib (mA), and Ic (mA) By changing the emission intensity of the emitted light having different emission wavelengths, light emission of various hues between the three emission wavelengths can be obtained. Since the pulse period T is 25 ms or less, the light emission of the three colors appears to be mixed with the human eye, and the above-described mixing of the basic colors can be realized. As described above, by setting an arbitrary number n (> 1) of peak current values, it is possible to perform n-stage control and mix light emission of n types of colors.

  As described above, the basic colors can be mixed not only temporally as described above, but also LEDs having different emission colors can be regularly arranged and spatially mixed.

  As described above, according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the combination control of the basic color setting unit 26 is performed in two basic colors (for example, in the case of a traffic signal light) existing on the same mixed color line of the first to third color vision abnormalities. For one or both of the blue signal color and the red signal color), the wavelength is different from the basic color and within the predetermined chromaticity range corresponding to the basic color, or the same color as the basic color (for example, blue) It is the control which mixes. Alternatively, the composition control of the basic color setting unit 26 is performed for one or both of two basic colors (for example, a blue signal color and a red signal color in the case of a traffic signal light) existing on the same confusion color line of the color blind person. This control has a chromaticity coordinate on the inner side of the basic color and mixes the same type of color (for example, blue) within or outside a predetermined chromaticity range corresponding to the basic color. For example, in FIG. 1, when blue B1 having a shorter wavelength than the chromaticity range B of the blue signal light is mixed with blue B1, blue on the straight line B1B2 can be obtained. By selecting a blue color that is on the straight line and within the chromaticity range B of the blue signal light as the blue signal light, a blue color that is not on the same confused color line as the red color within the chromaticity range R of the red signal light can be obtained. it can. As a result, it is possible to obtain a blue signal light and a red signal light that are easily discriminated by the first color blind person.

  The above-described mixing of basic colors includes a pulse current having a predetermined number of peak current values from the pulse power supply 28 to the wavelength variable LED 30 whose emission wavelength changes according to a change in current value, and includes pulses having different peak current values. This can be performed by flowing a pulse current having a period between pulse groups of a predetermined pulse period or less. The wavelength tunable LED 30 changes the emission wavelength by changing the value of the flowing current. Therefore, by emitting a pulse current having a plurality of peak current values to the wavelength tunable LED 30, it is possible to emit light of a plurality of types of colors according to the plurality of peak current values. Here, if the pulse period T is set to 25 ms or less (or the frequency of the pulse group S1 or the like is 40 Hz or more), light emission of a plurality of colors appears to be mixed with the human eye. Can do.

  As described above, in the display device 10 of the present invention, the display element 18 is the wavelength tunable LED 30, and mixing of basic colors can be realized by controlling the emission color based on the principle of the display device 10 of the present invention. . Therefore, for example, without changing the shape of a normal road traffic signal light, it is possible to easily discriminate both color-blind people and those who have normal color vision, and provide a display device and the like that can suppress an increase in manufacturing cost. be able to. Further, since the principle of the display device 10 of the present invention can be applied to the cases of the first to third color vision abnormalities, not only the first color vision abnormal people but also other second and third color vision abnormal people are misidentified. It is possible to provide a road traffic signal lamp, other display device, or the like.

  The principle of the display device 10 described in the first embodiment can also be realized as a basic color generation method for generating three basic colors displayed on a desired display device 10. That is, in the basic color generation method of the present invention, two basic colors are included in a predetermined chromaticity range on the chromaticity diagram, and color discrimination by the color blind person is impossible on the same confusion color line of the color blind person. The basic color can be set by selection control for selecting a state where no basic color exists, or by combination control for combining one or both of the two basic colors using a color that is not on the same mixed color line. Any one or more of the first to third color blind persons can be set as the type of the color blind person, and a basic color can be generated for the set kind of color blind person.

  The above-mentioned composition control mixes the same kind of color with one or both of the two basic colors that are different in wavelength from the basic color and within or outside the predetermined chromaticity range corresponding to the basic color. It can be the control to be performed. Alternatively, the composition control described above has one or both of the two basic colors having a chromaticity coordinate inside the basic color and within or outside a predetermined chromaticity range corresponding to the basic color. The control can be made to mix the same kind of colors. The colors used in the composition control can be any combination of colors within and outside the predetermined chromaticity range described above.

  The above-described mixing is a pulse current having a predetermined number of peak current values in the wavelength variable LED 30 whose emission wavelength changes according to a change in the current value, and a cycle between pulse groups including pulses having different peak current values is a predetermined period. This can be done by applying a pulse current that is less than or equal to the pulse period. As described in the first embodiment, the pulse period T needs to be 25 ms or less (or the frequency of the pulse group S1 or the like is 40 Hz or more).

  In the basic color generation method of the present invention, the display device 10 can be, for example, a traffic signal lamp used for road traffic control. In the case of a three-lamp traffic signal light, the three basic colors can be a red signal color, a yellow signal color, and a blue signal color.

  Alternatively, in the basic color generation method of the present invention, the display device 10 may be a desired display device other than a road traffic light, such as a color display device. In this case, the three basic colors may be red, green and blue.

  As described above, according to the second embodiment of the present invention, the principle of the display device 10 described in the first embodiment can be realized as a basic color generation method for generating a basic color displayed on a desired display device 10. That is, the display element 18 of the display device 10 is a wavelength-tunable LED 30, and mixing of basic colors can be realized by controlling the emission color based on the principle of the display device 10 of the present invention described in the first embodiment. As a result, a basic color generation method that can easily discriminate both color-blind people and those with normal color vision without changing the shape of a normal road traffic signal light, and can suppress an increase in manufacturing cost. Can be provided. Furthermore, since the principle of the display device 10 described in the first embodiment can be applied to the cases of the first to third color vision abnormalities, not only the first color vision abnormal people but also other second and third color vision abnormal people. It is possible to provide a basic color generation method that can reduce misperception.

  As an application example of the present invention, a three-light type road traffic signal light using the three basic colors synthesized as described above, a two-light type using any two basic colors among the three basic colors, or any The present invention can be applied to a one-lamp type road traffic signal using one basic color, or other display devices such as a color display.

It is a chromaticity diagram for demonstrating the principle of the display apparatus etc. of this invention based on the confusion color line in the case of 1st color vision abnormality. It is another chromaticity diagram for demonstrating the principle of the display apparatus of this invention based on the confusion color line in the case of 1st color vision abnormality. It is a chromaticity diagram for demonstrating the principle of the display apparatus of this invention based on the confusion color line in the case of 2nd color vision abnormality. It is a chromaticity diagram for demonstrating the principle of the display apparatus etc. of this invention based on the confusion color line in the case of 3rd color vision abnormality. It is a figure which shows the display apparatus in Example 1 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the internal structure of the display apparatus 10 in Example 1 of this invention. FIG. 5 is a pulse waveform diagram for explaining a method for controlling the emission color of the wavelength tunable LED 30. It is another pulse waveform diagram for demonstrating the light emission color control method of wavelength variable LED30. It is a figure which shows a confusion color line in the case of 1st color vision abnormality. It is a figure which shows a confusion color line in the case of 2nd color vision abnormality. It is a figure which shows a confusion color line in the case of a 3rd color vision abnormality. It is a chromaticity diagram which shows the chromaticity range of a road traffic signal light.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Display apparatus, 12 1st basic color display part, 14 2nd basic color display part, 16 3rd basic color display part, 18 Display element, 20 Internal structure, 22 Input end, 24 Color blind person setting part, 26 Basic color Setting unit, 28 pulse power supply, 30 wavelength variable LED, 32 output terminal.

Claims (6)

A color whose basic color is included in a predetermined chromaticity range on the chromaticity diagram and one or both of the two basic colors on the same confused color line that cannot be color-distinguished by a color blind person is not on the same confused color line. comprising a basic color setting section for setting a base color by combining control synthesized using,
The composition control of the basic color setting unit is such that, for one or both of the two basic colors, the basic color is different from the basic color and is within or outside the predetermined chromaticity range corresponding to the basic color. It is a control to mix the same kind of colors,
The mixing is a pulse current having a predetermined number of peak current values in a wavelength tunable light emitting diode whose emission wavelength changes according to a change in current value, and a period between pulse groups including pulses having different peak current values is predetermined. A display device comprising : a pulse current that is equal to or less than a pulse cycle of A color whose basic color is included in a predetermined chromaticity range on the chromaticity diagram and one or both of the two basic colors on the same confused color line that cannot be color-distinguished by a color blind person is not on the same confused color line. comprising a basic color setting section for setting a base color by combining control synthesized using,
The composition control of the basic color setting unit has one or both of the two basic colors having chromaticity coordinates inside the basic color and within or outside the predetermined chromaticity range corresponding to the basic color. A control for mixing the same color with the basic color,
The mixing is a pulse current having a predetermined number of peak current values in a wavelength tunable light emitting diode whose emission wavelength changes according to a change in current value, and a period between pulse groups including pulses having different peak current values is predetermined. A display device comprising : a pulse current that is equal to or less than a pulse cycle of 3. A display device according to claim 1, wherein the display device is a traffic light used for road traffic control. A color whose basic color is included in a predetermined chromaticity range on the chromaticity diagram and one or both of the two basic colors on the same confused color line that cannot be color-distinguished by a color blind person is not on the same confused color line. The basic color is set by the composition control to be combined .
In the composition control, for one or both of the two basic colors, the basic color is different in wavelength from the basic color, and the same kind of color as the basic color is mixed within or outside the predetermined chromaticity range corresponding to the basic color. Control
The mixing is a pulse current having a predetermined number of peak current values in a wavelength tunable light emitting diode whose emission wavelength changes according to a change in current value, and a period between pulse groups including pulses having different peak current values is predetermined. A basic color generation method, characterized in that the method is performed by flowing a pulse current that is equal to or less than the pulse period . A color whose basic color is included in a predetermined chromaticity range on the chromaticity diagram and one or both of the two basic colors on the same confused color line that cannot be color-distinguished by a color blind person is not on the same confused color line. The basic color is set by the composition control to be combined .
The composition control has a chromaticity coordinate inside the basic color for one or both of the two basic colors and is within or outside the predetermined chromaticity range corresponding to the basic color and is the same type as the basic color. Control to mix the colors of
The mixing is a pulse current having a predetermined number of peak current values in a wavelength tunable light emitting diode whose emission wavelength changes according to a change in current value, and a period between pulse groups including pulses having different peak current values is predetermined. A basic color generation method, characterized in that the method is performed by flowing a pulse current that is equal to or less than the pulse period . In the basic color generation method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the basic color generation method characterized by the basic colors of the setting in traffic lights used in traffic control road traffic with the basic color generation method.

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