JP4109136B2 - Communication device - Google Patents

Description

【００３７】
式（１）においてδ_ijはクロネッカーのデルタであり、ｉ＝ｊのとき値１を与え、ｉ≠ｊのとき値０を与える関数である。
【００３８】
タイミングτ_i の設定については、各々の波形Ｐ’（ｉ，ｔ）が式（１）の直交関係を満足すればどのような値を用いても良い。このため、τ_i をある時間単位の整数倍に設定しても良く、あるいは整数倍に設定しなくても良いことは明らかである。すなわち、式（１）を満足すれば、１つの単位フレーム内の１つの単位信号において、情報パルスが生成され得る時刻は、基準パルスから一定の時間間隔の時刻でも良く、或いはそうでなくても良い。なお、タイミングτ_i は、同一フレームの全てのチャネルにおいて同一に設定されてもよく、或いはチャネルごとに設定されても良い。また、タイミングτ_i は、１つのチャネルにおいて、全てのフレームについて同一に設定されても良く、或いはフレームごとに設定されても良い。
【００３９】
また、各次数ｉのパルス幅についてもタイミングτ_i と同様、式（１）の直交関係を満足すればどのような値を用いてもよく、特に全てのパルス幅を同一値に設定する必要はないことも言うまでもない。
【００４０】
ところで、本発明の通信装置における各Ｐ（ｉ，ｔ）に対する２値信号の与え方は、単位フレーム中の２つ目のパルス（情報パルス）の振幅値に対してなされる。例えば、論理値０に対しては２つ目のパルスがない状態を対応させ、また、論理値１に対しては２つ目のパルスがある状態を対応させる。このようにして、２値で構成される論理情報を単位フレームに割り当てることが出来る。すなわち、各チャネルの単位信号を、情報パルスの振幅を論理情報に対応するように０または０以外の所定値となるように変調して変調情報パルスとすることで、変調単位信号であるＰ（ｉ，ｔ）が決定する。
【００４１】
以上のようにして論理情報が割り当てられたＰ（ｉ，ｔ）は、合成器１５によって最初のパルスが同期した状態で重畳され、並列状態にある２値信号群２１が同一フレーム内に重畳された和信号２３が送信信号として生成される。そして送信信号は、送信手段であるアンテナ１６から自由空間に対して送信される。ここで、和信号２３の波形をＰ（ｔ）と表すと、次の（２）式となる。
【００４２】
【数２】

【００４３】
例えば、図２においてはｎ＝６の場合のデータ｛１，１，０，１，０，０｝を伝送する波形を示したが、最初のパルスの重なり合いによって生じるパルスの後に、上記データに対応したパルス列が各次数ｉに割り振られた論理値に応じて生成されていることが分かる。
【００４４】
ここで、フレーム毎に発せられる１つ目のパルスの作用について説明する。１つ目のパルスの役割は、変調時における各Ｐ（ｉ，ｔ）の重畳によって生成される和信号２３のタイミングτ_i 設定精度の向上と、後述の復調時のデータ再生時における不要信号と所望信号の切り分け精度の向上のための、時間クリッピングとして作用する。タイミングτ_i は、式（１）の直交関数系を生成する上での重要なパラメタであると共に、復調に用いられる波形比較における重要なパラメタであるため、その設定は通信品質の保証のために重要な位置を占めるため、１つ目のパルスは重要である。
【００４５】
ところで、式（１）の直交条件が成立しているいわゆる直交基底を用いると、各々の基底に与えられた信号は互いに干渉することなく、独立な１つの無線回線として動作するため、和信号２３は時間Ｔあたりｎビットの信号を伝達し得る。よって、本発明の通信装置においては、全体で１秒あたりｎ／Ｔビットの送信が可能となり符号長Ｔを変えずとも通信容量の大容量化が図れることになる。
【００４６】
次に、図３を用いて本発明の復調方式についての説明を続ける。図３は受信機１７を構成する各信号処理ブロックからの出力信号の概略波形を示した図である。図３において、自由空間中を伝播してきた情報を含んだ和信号２３（パルス状信号を含む電磁波）は受信手段であるアンテナ１９により受信され受信信号３１がアンテナ端から出力される。受信信号３１は分配器１１０によって、送信機１１の多重度に等しくｎ本の経路に電力分配され、全く同一波形を有するｎ本の信号からなる分配信号群３２を構成する。
【００４７】
そして、各分配信号はコンボルバ群１１１によって参照信号群３３と波形比較され復調される。ここで、次数ｉの参照信号をｒ（ｉ，ｔ）と記すと、波形比較の方法は次のコンボリューション（畳み込み）の式（３）で行われ、情報が復調される。
【００４８】
【数３】

【００４９】
ここで、参照信号群３３である｛ｒ（ｉ，ｔ）｝の選び方は、変調時と同一論理値を再現する波形を用いる。例えば、図２において例に挙げた論理値１に対応した波形、すなわち、符号長Ｔの２つのパルス状信号からなる繰り返し信号であり、２つのパルス間隔がそれぞれτ₁ ，τ₂ ，・・・，τ_n に等しい信号｛Ｐ（ｉ，ｔ）｝を参照信号群３３である｛ｒ（ｉ，ｔ）｝として選べば、参照信号群３３と分配信号群３２のコンボリューションによって、論理値１，０に対してそれぞれ２つ目のパルス信号の有，無が対応したパルス状信号が変調信号群３４として得られることは、式（１），式（２）、および式（３）から分かる。
【００５０】
なお、コンボルバ群１１１における波形比較において、各々の変調信号に異なる次数ｉに対応するデータが混入しないことは、式（１）の直交条件から明らかである。ゆえに、全ての論理値が重畳された受信信号３１から、図２に記したパルス信号群２２が各々独立に分解され、復調信号群３４として各コンボルバから出力されることになる。
【００５１】
復調信号群３４は、アナログデジタル変換機１１２によって復調信号群３４の時間フレーム中の２つ目の信号の有無に対応してデジタル変換され、図２の２値信号群２１と同一符号長Ｔの２値信号が再生されて、全ての信号群の同期をとりながら並直列変換機１１３を通過させて並列直列変換することにより、入力データ１２の再生像として出力データ１８を得ることができる。以上のようにして、本発明の送信機１１の送信波からデータ復調を完了する。
【００５２】
ところで、本発明の通信装置におけるコンボルバ群１１１での波形比較は、ＳＡＷ素子に代表されるように、被比較信号と参照信号との時間的コンボリューションにより行なわれることは既に述べたとおりである。その際、送受信機が１対１の通信環境で反射波が生成されないような理想的な通信状況においては、復調信号は完全に変調前のパルス信号群２２を再現するが、実際には多数の通信局からの送信波や物体からの反射波が重畳された複雑な信号が受信される。そのため、受信信号は図３に記した受信信号３１に様々なパルス信号がランダムに重畳された信号となり、コンボルバからの出力波形は、被比較・参照信号の波形が一致した時の振幅の大きなパルス状信号の近傍に、多くの振幅の小さなリップルが付随した波形を有する。
【００５３】
図４の（ａ），（ｂ）にそれぞれ両波形が一致した時と不一致の際のコンボルバからの出力波形を示したが、上述の理由によりこのリップルは波形が一致しない場合においても出力されるものである。
【００５４】
実際の通信状況においては、受信すべき信号に比べ不要信号の電力値の方が大きくなる可能性がある。このような場合、たとえ不要信号の波形が参照信号の波形に一致せずとも、リップルの振幅が受信信号の波形一致の状態における出力波形の最大値を超えることが生じえる。よって、そのような状況下では、不要信号から生じる波形比較後の大きなリップルも後段のアナログデジタル変換機１１２でデジタル信号として再生され、出力データ１８が正しく再現されなくなり通信品質の劣化を招くことになる。
【００５５】
そこで、本発明の通信装置におけるコンボルバ群１１１の各コンボルバは、図５に示したようにコンボリューション前に被比較信号と参照信号のレベルを調整するための自動利得調整器５１，５２を配してある。自動利得調整器５１は分配された被比較信号の振幅を調整する分配信号調整手段で、自動利得調整器５２は参照信号の振幅を調整する参照信号調整手段であり、自動利得調整器５１、５２は各々独立に動作し、被比較信号と参照信号の各々が常に特定の最大振幅値となるように信号増幅を行う。
【００５６】
上記理由より、このような回路構成を用いることによって、リップルと波形一致時における出力信号の判別が可能となり、多数の通信局が存在し反射波が生じるような通信環境においても、通信品質の劣化を防ぐことが可能となる。
【００５７】
以上、本発明の第１の実施の形態について詳述した。本発明の実施の形態１に記したように、時間的に直交関係にあるパルス状信号を用いることにより符号長とパルス幅を短縮することなく、通信容量を大幅に増加させることが可能となるという有益な効果が得られる。更に、波形比較を行うコンボルバに自動利得調整器を設け、コンボルバへ入力される被比較信号と参照信号の振幅値を常に一定に保つことで、他通信局からの信号や信号の反射から生じる不要信号に起因した信号干渉に対して、耐性のある高品質な通信装置を提供できるという有益な効果が得られる。
【００５８】
（実施の形態２）
次に、第２の実施の形態について説明する。第２の実施の形態における変復調方式は図１に示した第１の実施の形態と同一ブロック構成であるため、ここでは構成に対する説明は省略する。ただし、実施の形態２においては送信信号波形Ｐ（ｔ）にこれから述べる制限を設けて通信を行うことを特徴とする。
【００５９】
本発明の実施の形態２における制限とは、単位フレームにおいて、ある１つの信号Ｐ（ｉ，ｔ）のみ２つ目のパルス状信号が出力され、他の残りの波形は全て２つ目のパルスが出力されない符号化を直並列変換器１３で行うようにすることである。言葉を変えて説明すれば、本実施の形態においては、図２における和信号２３は単位フレーム中には常に２つのパルスしか存在せず、２つのパルス間隔がフレーム毎にτ₁ ，τ₂ ，・・・，τ_n のいずれかとなっている波形を有している。例えば、本実施の形態におけるｎ＝７の時の、ある時間フレームの波形を図６に記した。図６においては、ｉ＝３のタイミングに相当するパルスのみ出力されており、他のタイミングのパルスは出力されていない。
【００６０】
このような符号化法を用いると、単位フレームにおいて符号長Ｔの間に多重度ｎに等しいｎ値からなる論理信号の伝送が可能となり、実施の形態１に比べ伝送容量は少ないものの、２値信号を用いた単純なパルス通信の伝送容量を増加させることが可能となる。
【００６１】
また、このように互いに直交関係にあるパルス信号Ｐ（ｉ，ｔ）のフレーム毎の切り替えによる、いわゆる「ホッピング」による通信方式を適用することによって、従来技術の単純な２値パルス通信で問題となる、多数の通信局が存在し反射波が同時に受信される状況において想定される、パルス信号の時間的な重なり合いによる相互干渉を起源とする通信品質の劣化に対し、耐性を増すことが可能となる。なぜならば、パルス信号Ｐ（ｉ，ｔ）は互いに直交関係にあり、異なる通信局からの次数ｉに相当するＰ（ｉ，ｔ）が、実際に通信を行っている通信局からのＰ（ｉ，ｔ）と同時刻に到着する可能性は、従来技術に比べて非常に低いものとなる。例えば、従来技術の単純パルス通信機において、同一時刻に２つのパルスが受信される確率をＰとすると、本発明の変復調方式を使用すれば同一状況下においてその確率はＰ／ｎ（ｎは使用するパルス信号Ｐ（ｉ，ｔ）の最大次数）と減じられる。
【００６２】
以上の通信方式によって、従来のパルス状信号を用いた通信方式と同一周期のパルス信号を用いた場合であっても伝送容量の増加が可能となると共に、多数の通信局数が存在する状況や、反射波が受信されるような通信状況下においても通信品質の劣化がない高品質な通信装置を得ることができるという有益な効果が得られる。
【００６３】
（実施の形態３）
次に、本発明のパルス状信号を用いた通信装置の第３の実施の形態について説明する。本実施の形態における変復調方式は、図１に示した第１の実施の形態と同一回路ブロック構成であるため、構成に関する説明は省略する。ただし、本実施の形態においては、符号長Ｔの長さと、パルス発生器群１４からの出力波形Ｐ（ｉ，ｔ）に制限を設けて通信を行うことを特徴とするので以下に詳述する。
【００６４】
図７に本発明の第３の実施の形態で適用される出力波形Ｐ（ｉ，ｔ）を記した。本実施の形態においては、符号長Ｔを単位とした単位フレーム内に、次数ｉに応じて時間間隔τ_i で等間隔に発生する最大Ｎ（ｉ）個のパルスから成る信号波形を適用する。フレームの最初のパルスは全ての次数ｉで同期しており、第１および第２の実施の形態で述べた和信号２３生成時と復調時における時間クリッピングの作用を有する。
【００６５】
パルスへの論理値の与え方は、第１および第２の実施の形態と同様に、フレーム中の最初のパルスを除いたＮ（ｉ）−１個のパルスの振幅に対してなされ、例えば、論理値１に対して振幅１を、論理値０に対して振幅０を与えれば、フレーム中のパルスの有無により情報伝送がなされる。よって、単位フレーム当たり次数ｉの信号はＮ（ｉ）−１個の２値情報を含むので、全部でΣ_i （Ｎ（ｉ）−１）個の２値信号を伝送しうることになり、従来の単純パルス通信方式に比べ大容量化が可能である。
【００６６】
今、本実施の形態で用いられる時間間隔τ_i 全てを｛τ_i ｝と書くとすると、｛τ_i ｝が互いに素（ここで、集合の要素自身が最小公倍数とならない要素のことを「素」と呼ぶ）であり、符号長Ｔが｛τ_i ｝内の任意の２個以上の要素から計算される最小公倍数のうち最も小さな値以下に設定されていれば、和信号２３においては全ての次数の信号の最初のパルス以外のパルスは全て異なる時間に発生することになり、符号長に比べ十分短い幅のパルス信号を用いることによって、フレーム最初の時間クリッピング用のパルスを除いた次数ｉの波形Ｐ’（ｉ，ｔ）は式（１）の直交関係を満足するようになる。そのため、フレーム最初のパルスを同期させ重畳することによって生成される和信号２３はΣ_i ＊Ｐ（ｉ，ｔ）となり、式（１）の直交性から受信機１７によって次数ｉの情報が互いに混ざり合うことなく完全に分離復調されることになる。
【００６７】
例えば、ｎ＝３として、τ₁ ＝３ピコ秒，τ₂ ＝５ピコ秒，τ₃ ＝７ピコ秒とすると各τ_i は互いに素の関係にあり、符号長Ｔ＝１５ピコ秒と選べば、和信号Σ_i ＊Ｐ（ｉ，ｔ）内でフレームの最初のパルス以外に同時刻に発生するパルスはなく、式（１）の直交関係は満足される。
【００６８】
ここで、復調時に適用される参照信号群３３であるｒ（ｉ，ｔ）は、符号長Ｔを有しタイミングτ_i で連続的に発せられる連続パルス信号を用いる。アンテナ１９により受信され分配器１１０で複製された分配信号に対して、このｒ（ｉ，ｔ）をフレーム最初のパルスを同期させてコンボリューションすることによって、和信号２３の生成前のパルス信号Ｐ（ｉ，ｔ）が復調される。
【００６９】
第１および第２の実施の形態で述べた方法に比べ、本実施の形態で述べた変復調方法は情報が含まれないパルスが少ないために、情報伝送量に対する電力の利用効率が高いという利点がある。
【００７０】
また、次数ｉ毎に異なる伝送容量を有しており、例えば、伝搬環境が悪く良好な通信品質が実現できない状況においては、伝送容量の大きな次数ｉに対して拡散符号を適用し、符号の拡散度を上げ伝送に冗長性を持たせることによって通信品質の劣化を抑圧することが出来るという利点もある。
【００７１】
以上、第３の実施の形態について述べた。このような、複数パルスから成る互いに直交関係にあるパルス信号を用いた多重化によって、伝送容量が大きく電力利用効率の高い高品質な通信装置を提供できるという有益な効果が得られる。また、本発明の通信装置に対して拡散符号を用いることによって、通信状況の劣化に対して耐性のある通信装置を提供できるという有益な効果が得られる。
【００７２】
【実施例】
次に、本発明の具体例を説明する。
【００７３】
（実施例１）
本発明の第１の実施例について図８を用いて説明する。図８は、本発明の第１および第２の実施の形態で説明した通信装置に適用されるパルス発生器群１４における、次数ｉの信号Ｐ（ｉ，ｔ）を生成するパルス発生回路の概略構成を示した回路ブロック図である。
【００７４】
図８において、クロック８１により周期Ｔでパルス信号を発するパルス源８２からの出力信号は、分配器８３により２つの経路に分配される。２つの経路とは、図８においてスイッチ８４と線路（１）８５の挿入されている経路と、線路（２）８８のみで構成される経路である。スイッチ８４は図２の２値信号群２１の次数ｉに相当する信号の論理値に応じてオン・オフされる。オン状態においては、２つの経路を通過してきたパルス信号は再び合成器８６で合成されてパルス信号出力８７から出力される。
【００７５】
線路（１）８５の線路長は線路（２）８８に比べてΔＬｉだけ長くなっており、スイッチ８４がオン状態のときに出力される合成パルス信号は、符号長Ｔ間に２個のパルスが存在する信号となるが、２個のパルス信号の時間間隔がタイミングτ_i に等しくなるようにΔＬｉは調整されている。そのため、スイッチ８４が２値信号群２１の次数ｉに相当する信号の論理値に応じてオン・オフされることによって、本発明の第１および第２の実施の形態で説明した通信装置において適用される信号波形Ｐ（ｉ，ｔ）が生成される。
【００７６】
以上のように、１つのパルス信号を２分割し、一方の信号を遅延線路に導くことによって２つの信号が再び合成された際に、所望のタイミングを有した２つのパルス信号からなる互いに直交関係にある波形が生成可能となる。また、遅延線路の挿入された経路に、伝送すべきデータの論理値に対してオン・オフするスイッチを更に挿入することによって、本発明の第１および第２の実施の形態で説明した通信装置が簡便に構成される。
【００７７】
（実施例２）
本発明の変復調方式を用いることにより、従来のパルス通信の特徴である低送信電力とマルチパスフェージングに対する耐性を確保しながら、大容量伝送が可能となる。そこで、図９に示したように、大容量データの収受が必要なデジタル機器間９１において本発明の通信装置９２を適用することにより、複数のデジタル機器を統合的に機能させることが可能となる。
【００７８】
【発明の効果】
以上のように本発明によれば、大きな伝送容量を有し多局間との通信干渉に耐性のある高品質な通信装置を提供できる。また、本発明の通信装置による変復調方式はパルスの発生時間の制御のみで実現されることから、比較的簡単な回路構成で大容量化が実現出来るという更に有利な効果が得られる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の第１の実施の形態におけるパルス状信号を用いた通信装置の変復調方式を示した回路ブロック構成図
【図２】送信機１１を構成する各信号処理ブロックからの出力信号の概略波形を示した波形図
【図３】受信機１７を構成する各信号処理ブロックからの出力信号の概略波形を示した波形図
【図４】（ａ）被比較信号と参照信号が一致した時のコンボルバからの出力波形図
（ｂ）被比較信号と参照信号が不一致の時のコンボルバからの出力波形図
【図５】本発明のコンボルバの回路構成を示した回路ブロック構成図
【図６】本発明の第２の実施の形態におけるｎ＝７の時のある時間フレームの信号波形を示した波形図
【図７】本発明の第３の実施の形態における各次数ｉに適用される信号波形を示した概略波形図
【図８】本発明の第１の実施例における実施の形態１および形態２において適用されるパルス発生器群１４を構成するパルス源の概略構成を示した回路ブロック構成図
【図９】本発明の第２の実施例における本発明の通信装置を内蔵したデジタル機器間の通信の様子を示した概略ネットワーク図
【図１０】従来のパルス状信号を用いた通信装置の変復調方式を示した信号処理ブロック構成図
【符号の説明】
１１ 送信機
１２ 入力データ
１３ 直並列変換器
１４ パルス発生器群
１５ 合成器
１６ アンテナ
１７ 受信機
１８ 出力データ
１９ アンテナ
１１０ 分配器
１１１ コンボルバ群
１１２ アナログデジタル変換器
１１３ 並直列変換器[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a communication apparatus, and more particularly to a modulation / demodulation method for a communication apparatus using a pulse signal.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A conventional communication device using a pulse-like signal is configured to detect the presence or absence of a pulse and the phase of a pulse within a time domain (hereinafter referred to as a slot or a frame) with a certain time interval (hereinafter referred to as a code length) as a unit. Data transmission is performed by assigning binary signals (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The code length corresponds to the time length of the unit frame. Hereinafter, a conventional technique will be described with reference to FIG.
[0003]
FIG. 10 is a circuit block diagram showing a modulation / demodulation method of a communication apparatus using a conventional pulse signal. The communication device is composed of a transmitter 7 and a receiver 8. The transmitter 7 radiates the pulse signal to free space, and the digital-analog converter 2 that converts the input data 1 into a pulse signal according to its logical value. It is comprised from the antenna 3 for doing. The receiver 8 includes an antenna 4 for capturing a pulse signal propagating in free space, and an analog / digital converter 5 having an operation of demodulating and reproducing data from the received pulse signal.
[0004]
The pulse width of the pulse signal is sufficiently narrower than the code length. If the conversion method for converting the input data 1 using the characteristics of the narrow pulse signal executed in the transmitter 7 into the pulse signal is classified, the following 3 Broadly divided into types.
1) “Bi-phase method”: a method of giving a binary value to the phase of a pulse signal or the output value code at the rising edge of the pulse.
2) “Pulse amplitude modulation method”: a method of giving a binary value to the presence or absence of a pulse in a unit slot or a pulse amplitude value.
3) “Pulse position modulation method”: a method of giving a binary value to the relative temporal position of a pulse within a unit time slot.
[0005]
As described above, a communication device using a conventional pulse signal can be realized with a very simple circuit block configuration, and an average output power can be obtained by using a pulse signal having a sufficiently short time width compared to a code length. In addition, it is possible to realize a high-quality communication service that is resistant to deterioration of communication quality due to fading because the signal is widely dispersed in frequency.
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
US Pat. No. 3,728,632
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In a communication apparatus using this pulse signal, further increase in capacity and improvement in communication quality are required. However, in the prior art, the transmission capacity is determined only by the code length T, and since the amount of information that can be transmitted in a unit frame is 1 bit, the maximum value of the transmission capacity is 1 / T bits per second, increasing the transmission capacity. In order to achieve this, the code length must be set shorter.
[0008]
In order to achieve both high communication capacity and communication quality, the transmission wave and reflected wave pulse signals from many communication stations and the pulse signals from the communication station actually communicating are received at the same time. For this purpose, a pulse signal having a shorter time width is required, and it is technically difficult to generate such a short pulse, and a very wide band antenna or high frequency circuit is required. Has a technical problem that it is difficult to develop a communication device.
[0009]
By using pulse signals that are orthogonal to each other, the present invention increases the amount of information transmitted within a unit frame by multiplexing and improves the accuracy of signal separation from unnecessary signal components, thereby increasing the capacity of communication. An object of the present invention is to provide a communication device using a pulse signal that achieves both improved communication quality.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve this problem, the present invention provides a pulse signal having two kinds of roles: a time clipping pulse required for signal processing and a pulse group in which information is placed on an amplitude value in a unit frame. The pulse signal groups that are orthogonal to each other are selected by selecting the positions of the pulse groups in a unit frame, and information is placed on each of the pulse groups of the pulse signal group independently. The signal is superimposed and multiplexed as the same frame signal using the time clipping pulse to increase the transmission capacity.
[0011]
In addition, since the signal groups are orthogonal to each other, it is possible to reduce the probability that a signal having the same waveform is received at the same time as compared with the communication method using the simple pulse of the prior art.
[0012]
As a result, large-capacity communication is possible, communication using pulsed signals with high communication quality even in a state close to the actual communication situation where there are multiple communication stations and there are reflected waves A device is obtained.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
According to a first aspect of the present invention, serial-parallel conversion means for converting an input signal into a plurality of parallel binary signal groups independent of each other, and at least one pulse of each signal of the binary signal group is transmitted within a unit frame. A pulse that generates a modulation unit signal group by converting the unit signal into a modulation unit signal having a modulation pulse whose amplitude is 0 or a predetermined value other than 0 by modulating the amplitude of the pulse. A modulation unit signal arranged in parallel in the same unit frame, the generation unit; a synthesis unit that generates a transmission signal by superimposing each signal of the modulation unit signal group; and a transmission unit that transmits the transmission signal. Each of the communication devices has at least one modulation pulse generated at different times between modulation unit signals.
[0014]
Generally speaking, a plurality of types of unit signals (signals for each channel) are composed of a plurality of temporally localized signals (pulses) having different generation times, and the amplitudes of the plurality of temporally localized signals are modulated. By using the transmission signal generated by superimposing the plurality of types of unit signals so that each of the unit signals is independently attached, and the temporally localized signals are all generated at different times. The communication device is characterized by transmitting information.
[0015]
Thereby, it has the effect | action that the communication apparatus which has a large capacity | capacitance data transmission capability is realizable.
[0016]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, serial-parallel conversion means for converting an input signal into a plurality of parallel binary signal groups independent from each other, and each of the signals of the binary signal group as one reference pulse within a unit frame. A modulation unit signal by converting into a unit signal having at least one information pulse and modulating the amplitude of the information pulse into a modulation unit signal having a modulation information pulse whose amplitude is 0 or a predetermined value other than 0 A pulse generating means for generating a group, a combining means for generating a transmission signal by superimposing each signal of the modulation unit signal group, and a transmission means for transmitting the transmission signal. Each of the parallel modulation unit signals has an amplitude other than 0 that is generated at different times between the reference pulse generated at the same time between the modulation unit signals and between the modulation unit signals. Wherein the modulation information pulses at least one of said which is modulated information pulses or amplitude are all 0 is definite, which is a communication apparatus characterized by having a.
[0017]
Generally speaking, a plurality of types of unit signals (signals for each channel) are composed of a plurality of temporally localized signals (pulses), and the amplitude of a part of the plurality of temporally localized signals is determined. By modulating, information is attached to each of the unit signals independently, and modulation is further performed so that the modulated temporally localized signals (information pulses) are generated at different times between channels. The information is transmitted using a transmission signal generated by superimposing the plurality of types of unit signals so that no temporally localized signal (reference pulse) is generated at the same time between channels. Device.
[0018]
This has the effect that a communication device having a large capacity data transmission capability can be realized simply and simply by controlling the pulse generation time, and there are many communication stations and reflected waves are received. Even in a communication environment, a communication device having high communication quality can be realized.
[0019]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect, the time at which the information pulse can be generated in one unit signal in one unit frame is a time at a constant time interval from the reference pulse, and It is a communication device characterized by the same time between parallel unit signals in the same unit frame, and there are many communication stations and a reflected wave is received while having a large capacity. Even under such a communication environment, a communication device having particularly high communication quality can be realized.
[0020]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect, the time at which the information pulse can be generated in one unit signal in one unit frame is a time at a constant time interval from the reference pulse, and The communication device is characterized in that the time is different between parallel unit signals in the same unit frame, and a communication device having a large capacity data transmission capability can be realized simply by controlling the pulse generation time. In addition, there is an effect that a communication device having a particularly high communication quality can be realized even in a communication environment where a large number of communication stations exist and a reflected wave is received.
[0021]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the fourth aspect, the time at which the information pulse can be generated in one unit signal in one unit frame is a time at a constant time interval from the reference pulse, and The minimum value among the least common multiples that can be calculated from any two or more different time interval values for each unit signal in the same unit frame is set to be larger than the time length of the unit frame. Although it is a communication device and can realize a device having a large capacity and a high communication quality, it has an effect of providing a communication device having a particularly high power utilization efficiency and suitable for realizing a large capacity.
[0022]
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the second to fifth aspects, the number of modulation information pulses having a predetermined value other than 0 in one modulation unit signal is one or zero per unit frame. The communication device is characterized by having a function of providing a communication device having a larger transmission capacity than that of the prior art while being simple pulse communication.
[0023]
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the second to fifth aspects, in the modulation unit signal group for one unit frame, the number of modulation information pulses having a predetermined value other than zero is one or zero. The communication device is characterized by having a function of providing a communication device having a larger transmission capacity than that of the prior art while being simple pulse communication.
[0024]
According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the second to seventh aspects, the time at which an information pulse can be generated in one unit signal is the same in all frames with reference to the time of the reference pulse in each frame. The communication device is characterized by having a function of easily realizing a communication device having a large-capacity data transmission capability.
[0025]
According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the second to seventh aspects, the time at which the information pulse can be generated in one unit signal is set for each frame with reference to the time of the reference pulse in each frame. In a communication environment where there is a large number of communication stations and a reflected wave is received, and has an effect that a communication device having a large-capacity data transmission capability can be realized. In this case, a communication device having high communication quality can be realized.
[0026]
A tenth aspect of the present invention is the communication apparatus according to any one of the first to ninth aspects, wherein the pulse generating means performs spread coding on at least one modulation unit signal. It has the effect of providing a communication device that is extremely resistant to deterioration.
[0027]
According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, in the sixth or seventh aspect, the means for generating each modulation unit signal in the pulse generation means is configured to generate a pulse-like signal periodically generated at intervals of a unit frame time length. A distributor for distributing to two lines having different lengths, a switch inserted in a line having a relatively long line length of the two lines, and a combiner for combining outputs of the two lines. A communication device characterized in that a time interval between a reference pulse and an information pulse is set by using a difference in line length between the two lines, and a circuit configuration in which signal waveforms orthogonal to each other are simple It has an effect that can be realized by.
[0028]
According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, there is provided receiving means for receiving an electromagnetic wave including a pulse signal, distribution means for distributing the received signal received into a plurality of parts to generate a distribution signal group, and each of the distributed distribution signals. A convolver group having the same number of convolvers that convolve with a reference signal to generate a demodulated signal, analog-digital conversion means for digitally converting each demodulated signal and generating a parallel signal group, and the 2 A parallel-serial conversion means for parallel-serial conversion of a plurality of binary signals in parallel of a value signal group, and an operation capable of realizing a large-capacity communication device having high communication quality Have
[0029]
According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, in the twelfth aspect, the reference signal amplitude adjusting means for adjusting the amplitude of the reference signal and a distribution signal adjusting means for adjusting the amplitude of the distribution signal are provided. A communication device that performs convolution by inputting a reference signal whose amplitude has been adjusted by the reference signal adjusting means and a distribution signal whose amplitude has been adjusted by the distribution signal adjusting means, and has many unnecessary signals Even in a communication environment in which the amplitude of an unnecessary signal is larger than that of a desired signal, there is an effect that a large-capacity communication device having high communication quality can be realized.
[0030]
A fourteenth aspect of the present invention is a digital apparatus using the communication device according to the first to thirteenth aspects of the present invention, and can provide an integrated digital environment in which data can be freely received between the apparatuses. It has the action.
[0031]
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0032]
(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram showing a modulation / demodulation method of a communication apparatus using a pulse signal of the present invention. In FIG. 1, a transmitter 11 modulates input data 12 into a high-frequency signal having a pulse-like waveform and then radiates it into free space. A transmitter / decoder 13, a pulse generator group 14, a synthesizer 15 and an antenna 16.
[0033]
In FIG. 1, a receiver 17 receives a high-frequency signal having a pulsed waveform propagating in free space, and reproduces input data 12 as output data 18 by demodulating the received signal. , Antenna 19, distributor 110, convolver group 111, analog-digital converter 112, and parallel-serial converter 113.
[0034]
First, the modulation method of the transmitter 11 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a schematic waveform of an output signal from each signal processing block constituting the transmitter 11. First, input data 12 in which data is arranged in series on the time axis is converted into a plurality of binary values having n independent all code lengths T (unit frame time length) by a serial-to-parallel converter 13. It is decomposed into a binary signal group 21 which is a signal. The binary signal group 21 is identified by the pulse generator group 14 by the order i (i = 1, 2,..., N) in which one or two pulse signals exist within the code length T. Are converted into n types of waveforms P (i, t) (unit signals) (channels 1 to n).
[0035]
As shown in FIG. 2, the first pulse (reference pulse) of the signal P (i, t) is synchronized with respect to all orders i, while the second pulse (information pulse) is of order i. Different timing τ from the first pulse depending on the value _i Just be emitted away. Here, all the pulse widths are sufficiently narrower than the code length T, and the signal waveform P ′ (i, t) excluding the first pulse of the frame satisfies the following orthogonal condition.
[0036]
[Expression 1]

[0037]
In equation (1), δ _ij Is a Kronecker delta, a function that gives a value of 1 when i = j and a value of 0 when i ≠ j.
[0038]
Timing τ _i Any value may be used as long as each waveform P ′ (i, t) satisfies the orthogonal relationship of the expression (1). For this reason, τ _i Obviously, may be set to an integer multiple of a certain time unit, or may not be set to an integer multiple. That is, if Expression (1) is satisfied, the time at which the information pulse can be generated in one unit signal in one unit frame may or may not be a time at a certain time interval from the reference pulse. good. The timing τ _i May be set the same for all channels of the same frame, or may be set for each channel. Also, the timing τ _i May be set the same for all frames in one channel, or may be set for each frame.
[0039]
Also, for each order i pulse width, the timing τ _i Similarly to the above, any value may be used as long as the orthogonal relationship of the expression (1) is satisfied, and it is needless to say that it is not necessary to set all the pulse widths to the same value.
[0040]
By the way, how to give a binary signal to each P (i, t) in the communication apparatus of the present invention is made with respect to the amplitude value of the second pulse (information pulse) in the unit frame. For example, a state where there is no second pulse is associated with the logical value 0, and a state where the second pulse is associated with the logical value 1. In this way, binary logical information can be assigned to a unit frame. That is, by modulating the unit signal of each channel so that the amplitude of the information pulse becomes 0 or a predetermined value other than 0 so as to correspond to the logical information, it becomes a modulation information pulse, whereby P ( i, t) is determined.
[0041]
P (i, t) to which logical information is assigned as described above is superimposed with the first pulse synchronized by the synthesizer 15, and the binary signal group 21 in the parallel state is superimposed in the same frame. The sum signal 23 is generated as a transmission signal. And a transmission signal is transmitted with respect to free space from the antenna 16 which is a transmission means. Here, when the waveform of the sum signal 23 is expressed as P (t), the following equation (2) is obtained.
[0042]
[Expression 2]

[0043]
For example, FIG. 2 shows a waveform for transmitting data {1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0} in the case of n = 6, but corresponds to the data after the pulse generated by the overlap of the first pulses. It can be seen that the generated pulse train is generated according to the logical value assigned to each order i.
[0044]
Here, the action of the first pulse generated for each frame will be described. The role of the first pulse is the timing τ of the sum signal 23 generated by the superposition of each P (i, t) during modulation. _i It acts as time clipping for improving the setting accuracy and improving the separation accuracy of unnecessary signals and desired signals during data reproduction at the time of demodulation described later. Timing τ _i Is an important parameter for generating the orthogonal function system of Equation (1), and is an important parameter for waveform comparison used for demodulation, so its setting is an important position for guaranteeing communication quality. The first pulse is important.
[0045]
By the way, if so-called orthogonal bases satisfying the orthogonal condition of the expression (1) are used, signals given to the respective bases operate as one independent radio channel without interfering with each other. Can transmit an n-bit signal per time T. Therefore, the communication device of the present invention can transmit n / T bits per second as a whole, and the communication capacity can be increased without changing the code length T.
[0046]
Next, the description of the demodulation system of the present invention will be continued using FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a schematic waveform of an output signal from each signal processing block constituting the receiver 17. In FIG. 3, a sum signal 23 (an electromagnetic wave including a pulse signal) including information propagating in free space is received by an antenna 19 serving as a receiving means, and a received signal 31 is output from the antenna end. The received signal 31 is distributed by the distributor 110 to n paths equal to the multiplicity of the transmitter 11 to form a distributed signal group 32 composed of n signals having exactly the same waveform.
[0047]
Each distribution signal is compared with the reference signal group 33 by the convolver group 111 and demodulated. Here, if the reference signal of order i is denoted as r (i, t), the waveform comparison method is performed by the following convolution (convolution) equation (3), and the information is demodulated.
[0048]
[Equation 3]

[0049]
Here, the method of selecting {r (i, t)} as the reference signal group 33 uses a waveform that reproduces the same logical value as that at the time of modulation. For example, a waveform corresponding to the logical value 1 given as an example in FIG. 2, that is, a repetitive signal composed of two pulse signals of code length T, and the two pulse intervals are each τ ₁ , Τ ₂ , ..., τ _n If the signal {P (i, t)} equal to the reference signal group 33 is selected as {r (i, t)}, the convolution of the reference signal group 33 and the distribution signal group 32 results in a logical value of 1 and 0. On the other hand, it can be understood from the equations (1), (2), and (3) that the pulse signals corresponding to the presence or absence of the second pulse signal respectively are obtained as the modulation signal group 34.
[0050]
In the waveform comparison in the convolver group 111, it is clear from the orthogonal condition of Expression (1) that data corresponding to different orders i are not mixed in each modulation signal. Therefore, the pulse signal group 22 shown in FIG. 2 is independently decomposed from the received signal 31 on which all logical values are superimposed, and is output from each convolver as a demodulated signal group 34.
[0051]
The demodulated signal group 34 is digitally converted by the analog-to-digital converter 112 in accordance with the presence or absence of the second signal in the time frame of the demodulated signal group 34, and has the same code length T as the binary signal group 21 in FIG. By reproducing the binary signal and passing it through the parallel-serial converter 113 while synchronizing all the signal groups, the output data 18 can be obtained as a reproduced image of the input data 12. As described above, data demodulation is completed from the transmission wave of the transmitter 11 of the present invention.
[0052]
By the way, as already described, the waveform comparison in the convolver group 111 in the communication apparatus of the present invention is performed by temporal convolution of the signal to be compared and the reference signal, as represented by the SAW element. At that time, in an ideal communication situation where the transmitter / receiver does not generate a reflected wave in a one-to-one communication environment, the demodulated signal completely reproduces the pulse signal group 22 before modulation. A complex signal in which a transmission wave from a communication station and a reflected wave from an object are superimposed is received. Therefore, the received signal is a signal in which various pulse signals are randomly superimposed on the received signal 31 shown in FIG. 3, and the output waveform from the convolver is a pulse with a large amplitude when the waveforms of the comparison and reference signals match. In the vicinity of the waveform signal, it has a waveform accompanied by many small amplitude ripples.
[0053]
FIGS. 4A and 4B show the output waveforms from the convolver when both waveforms match and do not match. For the above reason, this ripple is output even when the waveforms do not match. Is.
[0054]
In an actual communication situation, there is a possibility that the power value of the unnecessary signal is larger than the signal to be received. In such a case, even if the waveform of the unnecessary signal does not match the waveform of the reference signal, the amplitude of the ripple may exceed the maximum value of the output waveform in the state where the waveform of the received signal matches. Therefore, under such a situation, a large ripple after waveform comparison caused by an unnecessary signal is also reproduced as a digital signal by the subsequent analog-digital converter 112, and the output data 18 is not correctly reproduced, resulting in deterioration of communication quality. Become.
[0055]
Therefore, each convolver of the convolver group 111 in the communication apparatus of the present invention is provided with automatic gain adjusters 51 and 52 for adjusting the levels of the signal to be compared and the reference signal before convolution as shown in FIG. It is. The automatic gain adjuster 51 is a distributed signal adjusting means for adjusting the amplitude of the distributed comparison signal, and the automatic gain adjuster 52 is a reference signal adjusting means for adjusting the amplitude of the reference signal. The automatic gain adjusters 51 and 52 Operate independently, and perform signal amplification so that each of the signal to be compared and the reference signal always has a specific maximum amplitude value.
[0056]
For the above reasons, by using such a circuit configuration, it becomes possible to discriminate the output signal when the waveform matches the ripple, and the communication quality deteriorates even in a communication environment where there are many communication stations and reflected waves are generated. Can be prevented.
[0057]
The first embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above. As described in the first embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to significantly increase the communication capacity without shortening the code length and the pulse width by using the pulse signals that are temporally orthogonal to each other. A beneficial effect is obtained. In addition, an automatic gain adjuster is provided in the convolver that performs waveform comparison, and the amplitude of the signal to be compared and the reference signal input to the convolver is always kept constant, which eliminates the need for signals and signal reflections from other communication stations. A beneficial effect of providing a high-quality communication device that is resistant to signal interference caused by a signal is obtained.
[0058]
(Embodiment 2)
Next, a second embodiment will be described. Since the modulation / demodulation method in the second embodiment has the same block configuration as that of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the description of the configuration is omitted here. However, the second embodiment is characterized in that the transmission signal waveform P (t) is communicated with the restrictions described below.
[0059]
The limitation in Embodiment 2 of the present invention is that a second pulse-like signal is output only for one certain signal P (i, t) in a unit frame, and the remaining waveforms are all second pulses. Is to be encoded by the serial-parallel converter 13. In other words, in the present embodiment, the sum signal 23 in FIG. 2 always has only two pulses in a unit frame, and the interval between the two pulses is τ for each frame. ₁ , Τ ₂ , ..., τ _n It has the waveform which becomes either. For example, the waveform of a certain time frame when n = 7 in the present embodiment is shown in FIG. In FIG. 6, only pulses corresponding to the timing of i = 3 are output, and pulses at other timings are not output.
[0060]
When such an encoding method is used, it is possible to transmit a logical signal having n values equal to the multiplicity n during the code length T in the unit frame, and although the transmission capacity is small as compared with the first embodiment, binary The transmission capacity of simple pulse communication using signals can be increased.
[0061]
In addition, by applying the so-called “hopping” communication method by switching the pulse signals P (i, t) that are orthogonal to each other in this way, there is a problem in simple binary pulse communication of the prior art. It is possible to increase resistance to communication quality degradation caused by mutual interference due to temporal overlap of pulse signals, which is assumed in the situation where there are many communication stations and reflected waves are received simultaneously. Become. This is because the pulse signals P (i, t) are orthogonal to each other, and P (i, t) corresponding to the order i from a different communication station is P (i, t) from the communication station that is actually communicating. , T) is very unlikely to arrive at the same time as the prior art. For example, in a simple pulse communication device of the prior art, if the probability that two pulses are received at the same time is P, if the modulation / demodulation method of the present invention is used, the probability is P / n (n is used). The maximum order of the pulse signal P (i, t) to be reduced).
[0062]
With the above communication method, it is possible to increase the transmission capacity even when a pulse signal having the same cycle as that of a communication method using a conventional pulse signal is used, and there are a large number of communication stations, In addition, it is possible to obtain a beneficial effect that it is possible to obtain a high-quality communication device that does not deteriorate communication quality even in a communication situation where a reflected wave is received.
[0063]
(Embodiment 3)
Next, a third embodiment of the communication device using the pulse signal of the present invention will be described. The modulation / demodulation method in the present embodiment has the same circuit block configuration as that of the first embodiment shown in FIG. However, the present embodiment is characterized in that communication is performed by limiting the length of the code length T and the output waveform P (i, t) from the pulse generator group 14, and will be described in detail below. .
[0064]
FIG. 7 shows an output waveform P (i, t) applied in the third embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the time interval τ in the unit frame with the code length T as a unit according to the order i. _i A signal waveform consisting of a maximum of N (i) pulses generated at equal intervals is applied. The first pulse of the frame is synchronized in all orders i, and has the effect of time clipping when the sum signal 23 is generated and demodulated as described in the first and second embodiments.
[0065]
As in the first and second embodiments, the logical value is given to the pulse with respect to the amplitude of N (i) -1 pulses excluding the first pulse in the frame. For example, If amplitude 1 is given for logical value 1 and amplitude 0 is given for logical value 0, information is transmitted depending on the presence or absence of pulses in the frame. Therefore, since a signal of order i per unit frame includes N (i) -1 binary information, Σ in total _i Since (N (i) -1) binary signals can be transmitted, the capacity can be increased as compared with the conventional simple pulse communication system.
[0066]
Now, the time interval τ used in this embodiment _i Everything {τ _i }, {Τ _i } Are relatively prime (here, elements whose set elements themselves do not have the least common multiple are called “prime”), and the code length T is {τ _i }, In the sum signal 23, the pulses other than the first pulse of all the order signals are all different in time if they are set to be less than the smallest value among the least common multiples calculated from any two or more elements in By using a pulse signal having a sufficiently shorter width than the code length, the waveform P ′ (i, t) of the order i excluding the pulse for time clipping at the beginning of the frame is expressed by the equation (1). Satisfy the orthogonal relationship. Therefore, the sum signal 23 generated by synchronizing and superimposing the first pulse of the frame is Σ _i * P (i, t), and from the orthogonality of equation (1), the receiver 17 completely separates and demodulates information of the order i without being mixed with each other.
[0067]
For example, assuming n = 3, τ ₁ = 3 picoseconds, τ ₂ = 5 picoseconds, τ _Three = 7 picoseconds for each τ _i Are relatively prime, and if the code length T = 15 picoseconds is selected, the sum signal Σ _i * There is no pulse generated at the same time other than the first pulse of the frame in P (i, t), and the orthogonal relationship of Expression (1) is satisfied.
[0068]
Here, r (i, t), which is the reference signal group 33 applied at the time of demodulation, has a code length T and a timing τ. _i A continuous pulse signal emitted continuously is used. By convolving the distribution signal received by the antenna 19 and duplicated by the distributor 110 with this r (i, t) in synchronization with the first pulse of the frame, the pulse signal P before the generation of the sum signal 23 is obtained. (I, t) is demodulated.
[0069]
Compared to the methods described in the first and second embodiments, the modulation / demodulation method described in this embodiment has an advantage that the use efficiency of power with respect to the amount of information transmission is high because there are few pulses that do not contain information. is there.
[0070]
In addition, the transmission capacity varies depending on the order i. For example, in a situation where the propagation environment is poor and good communication quality cannot be realized, a spreading code is applied to the order i having a large transmission capacity, and code spreading is performed. There is also an advantage that deterioration of communication quality can be suppressed by increasing the degree of transmission and providing redundancy.
[0071]
The third embodiment has been described above. By such multiplexing using pulse signals composed of a plurality of pulses that are orthogonal to each other, it is possible to provide a beneficial effect that a high-quality communication apparatus having a large transmission capacity and high power utilization efficiency can be provided. Further, by using a spreading code for the communication apparatus of the present invention, a beneficial effect is obtained that a communication apparatus that is resistant to deterioration in communication conditions can be provided.
[0072]
【Example】
Next, specific examples of the present invention will be described.
[0073]
(Example 1)
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 8 shows an outline of a pulse generation circuit that generates a signal P (i, t) of order i in the pulse generator group 14 applied to the communication apparatus described in the first and second embodiments of the present invention. It is the circuit block diagram which showed the structure.
[0074]
In FIG. 8, an output signal from a pulse source 82 that generates a pulse signal with a period T by a clock 81 is distributed to two paths by a distributor 83. In FIG. 8, the two paths are paths configured by only the path in which the switch 84 and the line (1) 85 are inserted and the line (2) 88. The switch 84 is turned on / off according to the logical value of the signal corresponding to the order i of the binary signal group 21 in FIG. In the ON state, the pulse signals that have passed through the two paths are again synthesized by the synthesizer 86 and output from the pulse signal output 87.
[0075]
The line length of the line (1) 85 is longer by ΔLi than that of the line (2) 88, and the composite pulse signal output when the switch 84 is in the on state has two pulses between the code lengths T. The time interval between two pulse signals is the timing τ. _i ΔLi is adjusted to be equal to. For this reason, the switch 84 is turned on / off according to the logical value of the signal corresponding to the order i of the binary signal group 21 to be applied to the communication apparatus described in the first and second embodiments of the present invention. A signal waveform P (i, t) is generated.
[0076]
As described above, when one pulse signal is divided into two parts and one signal is led to the delay line and the two signals are synthesized again, the two pulse signals having the desired timing are orthogonal to each other. The waveform at can be generated. Further, the communication apparatus described in the first and second embodiments of the present invention is further provided by inserting a switch for turning on / off the logical value of data to be transmitted into the path in which the delay line is inserted. Is simply configured.
[0077]
(Example 2)
By using the modulation / demodulation method of the present invention, large-capacity transmission is possible while ensuring low transmission power and multipath fading, which are features of conventional pulse communication. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9, by applying the communication device 92 of the present invention between the digital devices 91 that need to receive a large amount of data, it becomes possible to function a plurality of digital devices in an integrated manner. .
[0078]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a high-quality communication apparatus that has a large transmission capacity and is resistant to communication interference with multiple stations. Further, since the modulation / demodulation method by the communication apparatus of the present invention is realized only by controlling the pulse generation time, it is possible to obtain a further advantageous effect that a large capacity can be realized with a relatively simple circuit configuration.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a circuit block configuration diagram showing a modulation / demodulation method of a communication apparatus using a pulse signal in a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram showing a schematic waveform of an output signal from each signal processing block constituting the transmitter 11;
FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram showing a schematic waveform of an output signal from each signal processing block constituting the receiver 17;
FIG. 4A is an output waveform diagram from the convolver when the signal to be compared and the reference signal match.
(B) Output waveform diagram from convolver when signal to be compared and reference signal do not match
FIG. 5 is a circuit block diagram showing a circuit configuration of a convolver according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a waveform diagram showing a signal waveform of a certain time frame when n = 7 in the second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic waveform diagram showing signal waveforms applied to each order i in the third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a circuit block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a pulse source constituting the pulse generator group 14 applied in the first and second embodiments in the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic network diagram showing a state of communication between digital devices incorporating the communication device of the present invention in the second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a signal processing block configuration diagram showing a modulation / demodulation method of a communication apparatus using a conventional pulse signal;
[Explanation of symbols]
11 Transmitter
12 Input data
13 Series-parallel converter
14 Pulse generators
15 Synthesizer
16 Antenna
17 Receiver
18 Output data
19 Antenna
110 Distributor
111 convolvers
112 Analog to digital converter
113 Parallel to serial converter

Claims (12)

  A serial-to-parallel converter that converts an input signal into a plurality of parallel binary signal groups independent from each other, and a unit having one reference pulse and at least one information pulse in each unit frame. Pulse generating means for generating a modulation unit signal group by converting into a modulation unit signal having a modulation information pulse that is converted into a signal and that modulates the amplitude of the information pulse to have a predetermined value other than 0 or 0. A modulation unit that generates a transmission signal by superimposing each signal of the modulation unit signal group; and a transmission unit that transmits the transmission signal. Each of the parallel modulation unit signals in the same unit frame is modulated. The reference pulse generated at the same time between unit signals and the amplitude generated at different times between the modulation unit signals are at least a predetermined value other than 0 One of the communication device characterized by having, said modulation information pulses all zero the modulated information pulses or amplitude. The time at which an information pulse can be generated in one unit signal in one unit frame is a time at a fixed time interval from the reference pulse, and is the same time between parallel unit signals in the same unit frame. The communication device according to claim 1 . The time at which an information pulse can be generated in one unit signal in one unit frame is a time at a fixed time interval from the reference pulse, and is a time different from each other between parallel unit signals in the same unit frame. The communication apparatus according to claim 1 . The time at which the information pulse can be generated in one unit signal in one unit frame is a time at a constant time interval from the reference pulse, and any two or more different for each unit signal in the same unit frame 4. The communication apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein a minimum value among least common multiples that can be calculated from the value of the time interval is set to be larger than a time length of a unit frame. One modulation unit signal modulation information amplitude is a predetermined value other than 0 in pulse communication device according to any one of claims 1, wherein 4 to be a one or a zero present in each unit frame. In the modulation unit signal group for one unit frame, a communication device according to any one of claims 1 modulation information pulse amplitude is a predetermined value other than 0, which is a one or 0 present 4. Time information pulse in one unit signal may be generated, based on the time of the reference pulse in each frame, the communication apparatus according to any one of claims 1, wherein 6 to be identical in all frames . Time information pulse in one unit signal may be generated, based on the time of the reference pulse in each frame, the communication apparatus according to any one of claims 1, characterized in that is set for each frame 6. Pulse generating means comprises at least one communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the spreading code with respect to the modulation unit signal. The means for generating each modulation unit signal in the pulse generation means includes a distributor for distributing the pulse-like signal periodically generated at intervals of the unit frame time length to two lines having different lengths, and the two lines. A switch inserted in a line having a relatively long line length, and a combiner that synthesizes outputs of the two lines, and sets a time interval between a reference pulse and an information pulse to the two lines. 7. The communication apparatus according to claim 5 , wherein the communication apparatus is set using a difference in line length. Receiving means for receiving an electromagnetic wave including a pulse signal, distribution means for distributing the received signal received into a plurality of signals to generate a distribution signal group, and demodulating signals by convolving each of the distributed distribution signals with a reference signal A convolver group having as many convolvers as the number of the distribution signals, an analog-to-digital conversion means for generating a binary signal group obtained by digitally converting each of the demodulated signals, and a plurality of 2 parallel signals in parallel. Parallel-serial conversion means for parallel-serial conversion of the value signal, reference signal amplitude adjustment means for adjusting the amplitude of the reference signal, and distribution signal adjustment means for adjusting the amplitude of the distribution signal,
The convolver performs convolution by inputting a reference signal whose amplitude is adjusted by the reference signal adjusting means and a distribution signal whose amplitude is adjusted by the distribution signal adjusting means . A digital device using the communication device according to claim 1 .

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