JP4107750B2

JP4107750B2 - Desalination chamber structure and electric deionized liquid production apparatus

Info

Publication number: JP4107750B2
Application number: JP02008599A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 真紀夫田村; 俊勝佐田
Original assignee: Organo Corp
Current assignee: Organo Corp
Priority date: 1999-01-28
Filing date: 1999-01-28
Publication date: 2008-06-25
Anticipated expiration: 2019-01-28
Also published as: JP2000218137A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、脱イオン水を用いる半導体製造工業、製薬工業、食品工業、発電所、研究所等の各種の工業あるいは糖液、ジュース、ワイン等の製造等で利用される電気式脱イオン液製造装置に使用される脱塩室構造体に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来から実用化されている例えば脱イオン水を製造する電気式脱イオン水製造装置は、基本的にはカチオン交換膜とアニオン交換膜で形成される隙間に、イオン交換体として粒子直径０．３〜０．５mmの粒状イオン交換樹脂又はイオン交換繊維を充填して脱塩室とし、当該イオン交換体に被処理水を通過させるとともに、前記両イオン交換膜を介して直流電流を作用させて、両イオン交換膜の外側に流れている濃縮水中に被処理水中のイオンを電気的に排除しながら脱イオン水を製造するものである。
【０００３】
図１０はその従来の典型的な電気式脱イオン水製造装置の模式断面図を示す。図１０に示すように、電気式脱イオン水製造装置１００はカチオン交換膜１０１及びアニオン交換膜１０２を離間して交互に配置し、カチオン交換膜１０１とアニオン交換膜１０２で形成される空間内に一つおきにカチオン交換樹脂とアニオン交換樹脂の混合イオン交換樹脂１０３を充填して脱塩室１０４とする。また、脱塩室１０４のそれぞれの隣に位置するアニオン交換膜１０２とカチオン交換膜１０１で形成される混合イオン交換樹脂１０３を充填していない部分は濃縮水を流すための濃縮室１０５とする。
【０００４】
また、図１１に示すように、カチオン交換膜１０１とアニオン交換膜１０２と、その内部に充填する粒状の混合イオン交換樹脂とで脱イオンモジュール１０６を形成する。すなわち、脱イオンモジュール１０６の組立ては、混合イオン交換樹脂の亀裂や変形を避けるため、湿潤状態で行われ、具体的には内部がくり抜かれた枠体１０７の一方の側にカチオン交換膜１０１を封着し、枠体１０７のくり抜かれた部分に混合イオン交換樹脂を充填し、次いで、枠体１０７の他方の部分にアニオン交換膜１０２を接着剤等を用いて封着し、いわゆるサンドイッチ状に形成することにより行われる。なお、図中、１０８はリブである。
【０００５】
また、粒状の混合イオン交換樹脂の粒径は、通常は粒子径約0.3 〜0.5 mmの範囲のものが使用されている。これは、微粒子状の細粒径とすると通水差圧が高くなり実用に耐えず、また、大粒径とすると充填したとき粒子間の空隙が広くなりイオンの除去効率が悪くなるためである。
【０００６】
このような脱イオンモジュール１０６の複数個をその間に図では省略するスペーサーを挟んで、並設した状態が図１０に示されたものであり、並設した脱イオンモジュール１０６の一側に陰極１０９を配設するとともに、他側に陽極１１０を配設する。なお、前述したスペーサーを挟んだ位置が濃縮室１０５であり、また両端の濃縮室１０５の両外側に必要に応じカチオン交換膜、アニオン交換膜、あるいはイオン交換性のない単なる隔膜等の仕切り膜１１１を配設し、仕切り膜１１１で仕切られた両電極１０９、１１０が接触する部分をそれぞれ陰極室１１２及び陽極室１１３とする。このような電気式脱イオン水製造装置に被処理水が通水されると、被処理水中の不純物イオンは電気的に除去されるので、充填したイオン交換樹脂を薬液による再生を全く行うことなく脱イオン水を連続的に得ることができる。
【０００７】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、従来の電気式脱イオン液製造装置は、構造が複雑で、製作に相当の時間と労力を必要とする。特に、脱塩室を形成する脱イオンモジュールの組立は、サンドイッチ状の端を接着剤を用いて複数枚積層接着しつつ、湿潤したイオン交換樹脂を均一に充填しなければならず、製作には相当の熟練を要し自動化しにくい。また、接着剤を使用しない場合でも湿潤したイオン交換樹脂の取扱いは難しい。これらを解決するものとして、イオン交換繊維を用い、これをシート状又はマット状にして脱塩室に挿入したものもあるが、この場合においても常に湿潤状態で取り扱わなければならない。更に、枠体を用いる前記構造の脱イオンモジュールでは装置外への水漏れを完全に防止することはできないという問題がある。また、特開平８−２５２５７９号公報等には、陽イオン交換樹脂及び陰イオン交換樹脂の混合物を結合材ポリマーを用いて結合した多孔質構造体を電気透析装置の脱塩室に配置することが記載されているが、かかる電気透析装置においても脱塩室の多孔質構造体の両側には依然として別途に作製された陽イオン交換膜と陰イオン交換膜とを配置している。また、イオン交換樹脂を微粉末とし、これに適用な結合材ポリマーを加えて作製されるいわゆる不均質イオン交換膜も知られているが、かかる不均質イオン交換膜を電気式脱イオン液製造装置に用いる場合においても、別途イオン交換体の充填又は挿着は必要であった。
【０００８】
従って、本発明の目的は、従来通りの脱イオン効率を維持すると共に、別途に作製される枠体やイオン交換膜を使用することなく、構造が簡単で製作が容易な脱塩室構造体を得ること、およびこれを組み込んで、装置全体をコンパクト化でき、廉価に製造できる電気式脱イオン液製造装置を提供することにある。
【０００９】
【課題を解決するための手段】
かかる実情において、本発明者は、電気式脱イオン液製造装置における脱イオンの原理に立ち戻り種々検討を行った結果、(1)イオン交換体、すなわちイオン交換樹脂は処理水中のイオンを吸着する目的のために脱塩室に充填され、一方、イオン交換膜はイオン交換樹脂で吸着したイオンを濃縮室に移動させ、濃縮室の対立イオンは脱塩室に移動させない目的に利用されるため、イオン交換体とイオン交換膜の両者は互いにその目的を異にするものの、本質的に材質は同一であること。(2)イオン交換体を充填しない条件で運転すると脱イオン効率が極めて悪いこと。(3)アニオン交換体とカチオン交換体が接触している部分は水の電気分解が起こりやすく、ここで発生したＨ⁺イオンやＯＨ^-イオンがイオン交換体を化学的に再生していると考えられること。従って、上記(1)〜(3)の知見から、アニオン交換体とカチオン交換体を水やイオンを透過する接着剤を用いて接合することにより固化して一体化された構造体又は多孔質構造物にアニオン交換基又はカチオン交換基を導入した構造体とし、該構造体の両側面を水やイオンを透過しない封止ポリマー剤で封止し、封止面の表面層部分を除去して、一側はアニオン交換体が露出してカチオン交換体は露出しないようにし、他側はカチオン交換体が露出してアニオン交換体は露出しないような構造とすれば、従来の電気式脱イオン水製造装置と同様の脱イオン効率が得られると共に、構造が簡単で製作が容易な脱塩室構造体が得られること、およびこれを組み込んで電気式脱イオン水製造装置とすれば、装置全体をコンパクト化でき、廉価に製造できることなどを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
【００１０】
すなわち、請求項１記載の発明は、アニオン交換体とカチオン交換体を接着剤を用いて接合することにより固化して一体的に形成される脱塩室構造体であって、被処理液が流通する流路を保持する前記アニオン交換体とカチオン交換体の接触部が存在する通液部と、アニオン交換体が露出してカチオン交換体は露出しない一側の透液封止部と、カチオン交換体が露出してアニオン交換体は露出しない他側の透液封止部とを有する脱塩室構造体を提供するものである。請求項１記載の発明によれば、得られる脱塩室構造体は構造が簡単で、枠体やイオン交換膜を使用することなく、製作が容易であり、量産に適する。
【００１２】
また、本発明は、（Ａ）アニオン交換体同士を接着剤を用いて接合することにより固化して一体的に形成されたもの又は多孔質構造物にアニオン交換基が導入されたものであって、アニオン交換体又はアニオン交換基を有するアニオン交換体が露出する一側の透液封止部及び被処理液が流通する流路を保持する他側の通液部を有する脱塩室アニオン部分構造体と、（Ｂ）カチオン交換体同士を接着剤を用いて接合することにより固化して形成されたもの又は多孔質構造物にカチオン交換基が導入されたものであって、カチオン交換体又はカチオン交換基を有するカチオン交換体が露出する一側の透液封止部及び被処理液が流通する流路を保持する他側の通液部を有する脱塩室カチオン部分構造体とから構成され、前記（Ａ）の脱塩室アニオン部分構造体と前記（Ｂ）の脱塩室カチオン部分構造体の通液部側同士を当接することによりアニオン交換体とカチオン交換体の接触部を形成してなる脱塩室構造体を提供するものである。これにより、前記発明と同様の効果を奏する他、脱塩室アニオン又はカチオン部分構造体は、それぞれ単一のイオン交換体から形成されており、更に構造が簡単で製作が遙かに容易である。
【００１３】
また、本発明は、（Ａ）アニオン交換体同士を接着剤を用いて接合することにより固化して一体的に形成されたもの又は多孔質構造物にアニオン交換基が導入されたものであって、アニオン交換体又はアニオン交換基を有するアニオン交換体が露出する一側の透液封止部及び被処理液が流通する流路を保持する他側の通液部を有する脱塩室アニオン部分構造体と、（Ｃ）カチオン交換膜とから構成され、前記（Ａ）の脱塩室アニオン部分構造体の通液部側と前記（Ｃ）のカチオン交換膜を当接することによりアニオン交換体とカチオン交換膜の接触部を形成してなる脱塩室構造体を提供するものである。これにより、前記発明と同様の効果を奏する他、従来から使用されているイオン交換膜も利用することができ、製作上の選択余地が広がる。
【００１４】
また、本発明は、（Ｂ）カチオン交換体同士を接着剤を用いて接合することにより固化して形成されたもの又は多孔質構造物にカチオン交換基が導入されたものであって、カチオン交換体又はカチオン交換基を有するカチオン交換体が露出する一側の透液封止部及び被処理液が流通する流路を保持する他側の通液部を有する脱塩室カチオン部分構造体と、（Ｄ）アニオン交換膜とから構成され、前記（Ｂ）の脱塩室カチオン部分構造体の通液部側と前記（Ｄ）のアニオン交換膜を当接することによりカチオン交換体とアニオン交換膜の接触部を形成してなる脱塩室構造体を提供するものである。これにより、前記発明と同様の効果を奏する。
【００１５】
また、本発明は、前記アニオン交換体又は前記カチオン交換体が、粒状の樹脂、繊維、発泡体、不織布、編み物又は織物にイオン交換基を導入した前記発明の脱塩室構造体を提供するものである。これにより、前記発明と同様の効果を奏する他、従来から使用されている種々のイオン交換体も利用することができ、製作上の選択余地が広がる。
【００１６】
また、本発明は、前記透液封止部における透液の封止は、封止ポリマー剤で行う前記発明の脱塩室構造体を提供するものである。また、本発明は、前記脱塩室構造体と濃縮室スペーサを陰極と陽極間に交互に配して、脱塩室と濃縮室を交互に形成した電気式脱イオン液製造装置を提供するものである。これにより、両透液封止部を介して直流電流を作用させれば、該両透液封止部の外側に流れている濃縮水中に透液部に流通する被処理水が漏出することなく、被処理水中のイオンを電気的に排除しながら脱イオン水を製造することができる。また、装置全体をコンパクト化でき、廉価に製造することができる。
【００１７】
また、本発明は、前記脱塩室構造体を、濃縮室スペーサを使用することなく陰極と陽極間に複数個配し、前記脱塩室構造体間で形成される部分を濃縮室として、脱塩室と濃縮室を交互に形成したものであって、該濃縮室は、脱塩室構造体の他側から突出するイオン交換体と隣接する脱塩室構造体の一側から突出するイオン交換体との当接によりアニオン交換体とカチオン交換体との接触部を形成してなり、且つ濃縮液が流通する流路を形成する電気式脱イオン液製造装置を提供し、また、本発明は、脱塩室構造体を、濃縮室スペーサを使用することなく陰極と陽極間に複数個配し、前記脱塩室構造体間で形成される部分を濃縮室として、脱塩室と濃縮室を交互に形成したものであって、該濃縮室は、脱塩室構造体のイオン交換膜と隣接する脱塩室構造体の一側から突出するイオン交換体との当接によりアニオン交換体とカチオン交換膜又はカチオン交換体とアニオン交換膜との接触部を形成してなり、且つ濃縮液が流通する流路を形成する電気式脱イオン液製造装置を提供するものである。これにより、濃縮室側にカチオン交換体とアニオン交換体の接触部が形成されて、濃縮水の導電率を高めることができ、電極間電圧を低減することができる。従って、従来行われているような、濃縮室への混合イオン交換体の挿入をわざわざ行う必要がなく、労力及び製作に要する工程数を削減することができる。
【００１８】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の実施の形態における脱塩室構造体を図１〜図６を参照して説明する。図１は本発明の第１の実施の形態における脱塩室構造体の一部の模式断面図である。図１中、脱塩室構造体１０ａは他割合を占める通液部６と、従来のアニオン交換膜に相当するアニオン交換体１が露出してカチオン交換体が露出しない一側の透液封止部４と、従来のカチオン膜に相当するカチオン交換体２が露出してアニオン交換体が露出しない他側の透液封止部５とで構成され、全体は水及びイオンを透過させる接着剤（不図示）を用いて接合することにより固化して一体的に形成されている。通液部６は被処理水が図面の下向流又は上向流で流通する流路を保持してアニオン交換体１とカチオン交換体２の接触部７を有する。また、一側の透液封止部４は水又はイオンの透過を封止する封止ポリマー剤３によりアニオン交換体１のみが露出するように封止され、他側の透液封止部５は封止ポリマー剤３によりカチオン交換体２のみが露出するように封止されている。なお、脱塩室構造体１０ａは、後述するように電気式脱イオン水製造装置として形成した場合、構造上の問題から電極の陰になって電流が流れにくい部分（通常は脱塩室構造体の上方又は下方）が生じる。このような場合は、電流の流れにくい脱塩室構造体の部分をイオン交換基を有しないイナート材にて流路を形成させることができる。
【００１９】
第１の実施の形態における脱塩室構造体１０ａの製造方法の一例を次に示す。先ず、一側又は他側の透液封止部をそれぞれ作製する。すなわち、アニオン交換体に水やイオンを透過しないエポキシ樹脂又はシリコン樹脂等の封止剤を加えて混合し、乾燥させる前の可塑状態で封止剤の両側にアニオン交換体が突出するようにしながら所定形状の薄い膜状に成形する。その後乾燥して膜状固形物の透液封止部を得る。次いで、アニオン交換体の代わりに、カチオン交換体を用いて同様の方法で封止剤の両側にカチオン交換体が突出した所定形状の薄い膜状固形物の透液封止部を得る。次いで、所定の型を用意し、一方の透析封止部を底に敷き、その上から混合イオン交換体、固化しても水やイオンを透過する接着剤のポリビニルアルコール系高分子化合物、水及び架橋剤のジイソシアネートの混合物を充填する。この混合物が生乾きの状態で他方の透析封止部を乗せ、必要により押圧し、その後乾燥して脱型する。最後に一側及び他側以外の側面（厚みを形成する面）をエポキシ樹脂等で封止することにより脱塩室構造体１０ａを得る。このように形成された脱塩室構造体１０ａ中のイオン交換体は、一側のアニオン交換体１と他側のカチオン交換体２とが、通液部６の混合イオン交換体を介して電気的に連通するように、すなわち、良導電体を形成できるように接着されたものである。
【００２０】
また、脱塩室構造体１０ａは前述の様な、水やイオンを透過する接着剤を使用しなくとも製造できる。すなわち、先ず、所定形状の多孔質構造物（スポンジ状）にアニオン基又はカチオン基を導入する。多孔質構造物にアニオン基又はカチオン基を導入する方法としては、特開平５−１３１１２０号公報に記載の方法が使用できる。すなわち、多孔質構造物に放射線を照射した後、カチオン交換基を有するモノマーか、又はカチオン基に転換可能なモノマー、及びアニオン交換基を有するモノマーか、又はアニオン基に転換可能なモノマーを多孔質構造物と接触させてグラフト重合させる方法である。その際、一側はアニオン交換基が、他側にはカチオン交換基がそれぞれ導入されるようにする。次に、得られた構造体の一側に水やイオンを透過しない樹脂封止剤を塗布し、樹脂が乾燥硬化する前に樹脂と付着しないシリコン押圧板などで表面を押圧して樹脂を構造体の内部に押しやり、アニオン基を有するアニオン交換体を露出させる。次に、他側も同様に水やイオンを透過しない樹脂封止剤を塗布し同様の方法でカチオン基を有するカチオン交換体を露出させる。
【００２１】
図２は本発明の第２の実施の形態における脱塩室構造体の一部の模式断面図である。図２中、脱塩室アニオン部分構造体８は他割合を占める通液部６ａと、従来のアニオン交換膜に相当するアニオン交換体１が露出してカチオン交換体が露出しない一側の透液封止部４とで構成され、全体は水及びイオンを透過させる接着剤（不図示）を用いて接合することにより固化して一体的に形成されている。通液部６ａは被処理水が図面の下向流又は上向流で流通する流路を保持してアニオン交換体１のみで構成され、一側の透液封止部４は水又はイオンの透過を封止する封止ポリマー剤３によりアニオン交換体１のみが露出するように封止されている。また、脱塩室カチオン部分構造体９は脱塩室アニオン部分構造体８において、アニオン交換体１の代わりに、カチオン交換体２を用いたもので、他割合を占める通液部６ｂと、従来のカチオン交換膜に相当するカチオン交換体２が露出してアニオン交換体が露出しない一側の透液封止部５とで構成され、全体は水及びイオンを透過させる接着剤（不図示）を用いて接合することにより固化して一体的に形成されている。通液部６ｂは被処理水が図面の下向流又は上向流で流通する流路を保持してカチオン交換体２のみで構成され、一側の透液封止部５は水及びイオンの透過を封止する封止ポリマー剤３によりカチオン交換体２のみが露出するように封止されている。すなわち、第２の実施の形態における脱塩室構造体１０ｂは脱塩室アニオン部分構造体８と脱塩室カチオン部分構造体９を図２中の矢印の方向に突き合わせて、脱塩室アニオン部分構造体８の他側の突出したアニオン交換体１０１と脱塩室カチオン部分構造体９の他側の突出したカチオン交換体１０２を接触させることにより形成させる。また、一側及び他側以外の側面（厚みを形成する面）はエポキシ樹脂等で封止される。従って、脱塩室アニオン部分構造体８の通液部６ａと脱塩室カチオン部分構造体９の通液部６ｂの部分で脱塩室構造体１０ｂの通液部を形成する。
【００２２】
図３は本発明の第３の実施の形態における脱塩室構造体の一部の模式断面図である。第３の実施の形態における脱塩室構造体において、第２の実施の形態における脱塩室構造体と異なる点についてのみ主に説明する。すなわち、図３中、脱塩室構造体１０ｃの第２の実施の形態における脱塩室構造体１０ｂと異なる点は、脱塩室アニオン部分構造体８と当接する脱塩室カチオン部分構造体９の代わりに、従来より通常的に使用されているカチオン交換膜１１を使用したところにある。すなわち、脱塩室構造体１０ｃは脱塩室アニオン部分構造体８の他側の突出したアニオン交換体１０１とカチオン交換膜１１を接触させることにより形成させる。従って、脱塩室アニオン部分構造体８の通液部６ａが脱塩室構造体１０ｃの通液部を形成する。
【００２３】
図４は本発明の第４の実施の形態における脱塩室構造体の一部の模式断面図である。第４の実施の形態における脱塩室構造体において、第２の実施の形態における脱塩室構造体と異なる点についてのみ主に説明する。すなわち、図４中、脱塩室構造体１０ｄの第２の実施の形態における脱塩室構造体１０ｂと異なる点は、脱塩室カチオン部分構造体９と当接する脱塩室アニオン部分構造体８の代わりに、従来より通常的に使用されているアニオン交換膜１２を使用したところにある。すなわち、脱塩室構造体１０ｄは脱塩室アニオン部分構造体９の他側の突出したアニオン交換体１０２とカチオン交換膜１２を接触させることにより形成させる。従って、脱塩室カチオン部分構造体９の通液部６ｂが脱塩室構造体１０ｄの通液部を形成する。
【００２４】
第２の実施の形態における脱塩室構造体１０ｂの製造方法の一例を次に示す。脱塩室構造体１０ｂでは、脱塩室アニオン部分構造体８と脱塩室カチオン部分構造体９とは別々に製造される。すなわち、脱塩室アニオン部分構造体８を製造するには、先ず、ポリビニルアルコール系の高分子化合物を接着剤として市販のアニオン交換体同士を接合する。接合方法は特開昭５５−８４５４２号公報記載の方法に従えばよい。すなわち、ポリビニルアルコールを水に溶かし、これに架橋剤としてジイオシアネートを混合した後、アニオン交換体と混和して接着固化し、乾燥後、所定の形状に切削又は切断することにより一体成形物を得る。次いで、一側の面に水やイオンを透過しないエポキシ樹脂又はシリコン樹脂等の封止ポリマー剤を用いて透液封止膜を形成する。封止ポリマー剤を用いた透液封止膜の形成方法としては、スプレー法、浸漬法及びコーティング法等が挙げられる。次いで、形成された透液封止膜の表面層を切削、研磨等によりその一部を除去して、一側はアニオン交換体が露出するようにして透液封止部を形成すればよい。脱塩室アニオン部分構造体８においては、他側もアニオン交換体が露出するように形成されるが、他側は通液部となるため、アニオン交換体が占める割合も多くなる。
【００２５】
次に、脱塩室カチオン部分構造体９を作製する。脱塩室カチオン部分構造体９の作製は、アニオン交換体１の代わりにカチオン交換体２を用いた以外は、前記脱塩室アニオン部分構造体８の作製方法と同様である。これにより、脱塩室アニオン部分構造体８と脱塩室カチオン部分構造体９がそれぞれ作製され、脱塩室アニオン部分構造体８の通液側６ａと脱塩室カチオン部分構造体９の通液側６ｂを当接することにより、あるいは脱塩室アニオン部分構造体８又は脱塩室カチオン部分構造体９の通液側６ａ、６ｂとカチオン膜１１又はアニオン膜１２とそれぞれ当接することにより脱塩室構造体が得られる。脱塩室アニオン部分構造体８の通液側６ａと脱塩室カチオン部分構造体９の通液側６ｂを当接する方法、脱塩室アニオン部分構造体８又は脱塩室カチオン部分構造体９の通液側６ａ又は６ｂとカチオン膜１１又はアニオン膜１２とそれぞれ当接する方法としては、特に制限されず、単に押し付けてアニオン交換体（膜）とカチオン交換体（膜）の接触部を形成する方法及び水やイオンを透過する接着剤で接合してアニオン交換体（膜）とカチオン交換体（膜）の接触部を形成する方法が挙げられる。このように形成された脱塩室構造体１０ｂ中のイオン交換体は、一側のアニオン交換体１と他側のカチオン交換体２とが、通液部６の混合イオン交換体を介して電気的に連通するように、すなわち、良導電体を形成できるように接着されたものである。また、脱塩室構造体１０ｂは第１の実施の形態と同様に、水やイオンを透過する接着剤を使用しなくとも製造できる。
【００２６】
本発明の脱塩室構造体に使用されるカチオン交換体又はアニオン交換体としては、公知のものが使用でき、例えば粒状の樹脂、繊維、発泡体、不織布、編み物又は織物にイオン交換基を導入したものなどが挙げられる。また、脱塩室構造体の形状としては、特に制限されないが、矩形状のものが好ましい。
【００２７】
本発明において、水やイオンを透過する接着剤としては、前記ポリビニルアルコール系以外に、例えばスチレン系熱可塑性共重合体；ポリプロピレン樹脂又はポリエチレン樹脂などのオレフィン系接着剤；ポリテトラフルオロエチレン樹脂などのハロゲン化ポリオレフィン系接着剤が挙げられ、これらは１種又は２種以上を組み合わせて使用できる。また、これらの接着剤はキシレン、トルエン、メチルシクロヘキサンなどの有機溶媒と混合して使用される。
【００２８】
本発明において、封止ポリマー剤としては、イオン交換体の多孔部分を封止し、且つ水及びイオンの透過を封止する物質であればよく、前記エポキシ樹脂又はシリコン樹脂以外に、例えばポリスチレン、ポリウレタン、オレフィン樹脂及び無機系セメント材が挙げられる。本発明の脱塩室構造体において、封止ポリマー剤３の厚みに相当する透液封止部の厚さとしては、脱塩室構造体の大きさ、用途及び封止ポリマー剤の種類等により異なるが、従来のイオン交換膜の厚さに相当し、通常0.2 mm〜3.0 mmの範囲である。
【００２９】
図５は図１〜図４に示された構造を基本とする脱塩室構造体の一例を示す斜視図であり、図６は図５の脱塩室構造体の平面図である。脱塩室構造体３０は矩形状物であり、上端面３１ｂは被処理水の流入口（又は脱塩水の流出口）、下端面３１ａは脱塩水の流出口（又は被処理水の流入口）である。３２ａは一側の透液封止部、３２ｂは他側の透液封止部であり、それぞれアニオン又はカチオンを外側の濃縮室（不図示）に移動させる。厚みを形成する面３３ａ、３３ｂは水もイオンも通さない封止部である。脱塩室構造体３０の上方部にはイオン交換しないイナート部３４が形成され、イオン交換を行う３５と区別されている。
【００３０】
次に、本発明の第１の実施の形態における電気式脱イオン水製造装置を図７を参照して説明する。図７は第１の実施の形態における電気式脱イオン水製造装置の模式断面図である。図７の電気式脱イオン水製造装置４０の圧力容器本体４１には、脱塩室構造体３０と濃縮室スペーサ（不図示）が交互に配置され、両側部は陰極室４７ａ、陰極４８ａ及び陽極室４７ｂ、陽極４８ｂが配設される。圧力容器本体４１の上方には濃縮水の排出口４５が形成され、圧力容器本体上方端は脱塩水流出口４４を備える圧力容器蓋４９とで脱塩水の集水口４２を形成する。陰極４８ａ及び陽極４８ｂの陰となるイナート部３４は圧力容器本体４のシール部と密に接触して濃縮水の脱塩水集水口４２への漏水を防止する。陰極４８ａ及び陽極４８ｂは発生するガスが十分に抜けるように、編み目構造（エクスパンドメタル）状の形態のものが好ましい。
【００３１】
このような電気式脱イオン水製造装置４０によって、脱塩水（脱イオン水）を製造する場合、以下のように操作される。すなわち、電極４８間に直流電流を通し、被処理水流入口４３から被処理水を流入させる。被処理水流入口４３から流入した被処理水は矢印の如く各脱塩室構造体３０の通液部を通過する際に不純物イオンが除かれ、脱塩水が集水口４２を経て脱塩水流出口４４から得られる。この際、被処理水は一側又は他側の透液封止部の封止ポリマー剤の封止作用により濃縮室４６に透過することはない。また、被処理水流入口４３から流入した被処理水は点線の矢印で示したごとく各濃縮室４６を流れ、両透液封止部の露出したイオン交換体を介して移動してくる不純物イオンを受け取り、不純物イオンを濃縮した濃縮水として濃縮水流出口４５から流出される。なお、両電極に接している流路は電極水流路であり、本例では被処理水の一部が電極水として用いられるが、電極水として被処理水を用いず、別系統の電極水流路を形成することもできる。
【００３２】
上記実施の形態における電気式脱イオン水製造装置によれば、上記のような操作によって被処理水中の不純物イオンは電気的に除去されるので、従来の電気式脱イオン水製造装置と同様の脱イオン率で脱イオン水を連続的に得ることができると共に、装置の作製が容易で且つ、コンパクト化が図れる。
【００３３】
次に、本発明の第２の実施の形態における電気式脱イオン水製造装置を図９を参照して説明する。図９は本発明の第２の実施の形態における電気式脱イオン水製造装置の模式断面図を示す。図９の電気式脱イオン水製造装置２０において、図１０の電気式脱イオン水製造装置１００と異なる点は、従来のイオン交換膜を含む脱塩室の代わりに、前述の脱塩室構造体を使用した点である。すなわち、図９中、電気式脱イオン水製造装置２０は本発明の第１の実施の形態における脱塩室構造体１０ａと濃縮室スペーサ（不図示）を陰極と陽極間に交互に配して、脱塩室構造体１０ａの通液部６と濃縮室２３を交互に形成した構造を有する。
【００３４】
このような電気式脱イオン水製造装置２０によって脱イオン水を製造する場合、以下のように操作される。すなわち、陰極２４と陽極２５間に直流電流を通じ、また被処理水流入口Ａから被処理水が流入するとともに、濃縮水流入口Ｂから濃縮水が流入し、かつ電極水流入口ＣおよびＤからそれぞれ電極水が流入する。被処理水流入口Ａから流入した被処理水は実線で示した矢印のごとく各脱塩室構造体６の通液部、すなわちアニオン交換体とカチオン交換体の混合イオン交換体中を通過する際に不純物イオンが除かれ、脱イオン水が脱イオン水流出口ａから得られる。この際、被処理水は一側又は他側の透液封止部４、５の封止ポリマー剤（不図示）の封止作用により濃縮室２３に透過することはない。また、濃縮水流入口Ｂから流入した濃縮水は点線の矢印で示したごとく各濃縮室２３を流下し、両透液封止部の露出したイオン交換体を介して移動してくる不純物イオンを受け取り、不純物イオンを濃縮した濃縮水として濃縮水流出口ｂから流出され、さらに電極水流入口Ｃ及びＤから流入した電極水は電極水流出口ｃ及びｄから流出される。本第２の実施の形態における電気式脱イオン水製造装置によれば、第１の実施の形態の電気式脱イオン水製造装置と同様の効果を奏する。
【００３５】
また、本発明の電気式脱イオン水製造装置は、前記脱塩室構造体の複数個を濃縮室スペーサを使用することなく積層して陰極と陽極間に配し、前記脱塩室構造体間で形成される部分を濃縮室として、脱塩室と濃縮室を交互に形成した構造とすることもできる。この場合、前記脱塩室構造体間で形成される濃縮室部分は、脱塩室構造体の他側から突出するイオン交換体と隣接する脱塩室構造体の一側から突出するイオン交換体との当接によりアニオン交換体とカチオン交換体との接触部を形成してなり、且つ濃縮液が流通する流路を形成する。上述の説明では主に脱イオン水の製造を例にして説明したが、本発明は糖液、ワイン等の各種液中の脱イオンにも使用することができる。
【００３６】
【発明の効果】
請求項１記載の発明は、従来のイオン交換膜や脱イオンモジュールを形成する枠体が不要で構造が簡単である。また、従来の脱イオンモジュールを作製するために湿潤下、イオン交換体を充填する面倒な作業も省略でき、作製が容易である。請求項２記載の発明は、請求項１記載の発明と同様の効果を奏する他、脱塩室アニオン部分又はカチオン部分構造体は、それぞれ単一のイオン交換体から形成されており、更に構造が簡単で作製が遙かに容易である。請求項３及び請求項４記載の発明は、請求項２記載の発明と同様の効果を奏する他、従来から使用されているイオン交換膜も利用することができ、製作上の選択余地が広がる。請求項５記載の発明は、請求項１〜請求項４記載の発明と同様の効果を奏する他、従来から使用されている種々のイオン交換体も利用することができ、製作上の選択余地が広がる。請求項６記載の発明は、請求項１記載の発明と同様の効果を奏する。請求項７記載の発明は、脱塩室構造体を固体物として取り扱うことができるため、装置の製作が容易で且つ、装置全体をコンパクト化でき、廉価に製造することができる。請求項８及び９記載の発明は、従来行われているような、濃縮室への混合イオン交換体の挿入をわざわざ行う必要がなく、労力及び製作に要する工程数を削減することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の第１の実施の形態における脱塩室構造体の一部を示す模式断面図である。
【図２】本発明の第２の実施の形態における脱塩室構造体の一部を示す模式断面図である。
【図３】本発明の第３の実施の形態における脱塩室構造体の一部を示す模式断面図である。
【図４】本発明の第４の実施の形態における脱塩室構造体の一部を示す模式断面図である。
【図５】図１〜図４の脱塩室構造を有する脱塩室構造体の斜視図である。
【図６】図５の平面図である。
【図７】本発明の第１の実施の形態における電気式脱イオン水製造装置の模式断面図を示す。
【図８】図７の平面図である。
【図９】本発明の第２の実施の形態における電気式脱イオン水製造装置の模式断面図を示す。
【図１０】従来の電気式脱イオン水製造装置の模式断面図を示す。
【図１１】従来の電気式脱イオン水製造装置に用いられる脱イオンモジュールの組立図を示す。
【符号の説明】
１アニオン交換体
２カチオン交換体
３封止ポリマー剤
４一側の透液封止部
５他側の透液封止部
６、６ａ、６ｂ、１０４通液部（脱塩室）
７接触部
８脱塩室アニオン部分構造体
９脱塩室カチオン部分構造体
１０ａ〜１０ｄ、３０脱塩室構造体
１１、１０１カチオン交換膜
１２、１０２アニオン交換膜
２０、４０、１００電気式脱イオン水製造装置
２１、４７ａ、１１２陰極室
２２、４７ｂ、１１３陽極室
２３、４６、１０５濃縮室
２４、４８ａ、１０９陰極
２５、４８ｂ、１１０陽極
４１圧力容器本体
４２脱塩水集水口
４３、Ａ被処理水流入口
４４、ａ脱イオン水流出口
４５、ｂ濃縮水流出口
４９圧力容器の蓋
１０６脱イオンモジュール
１０７枠体
１０８リブ
１１１仕切り膜
Ｂ濃縮水流入口
Ｃ、Ｄ電極水流入口
ｃ、ｄ電極水流出口[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an electrical deionization liquid production used in various industries such as semiconductor manufacturing industry, pharmaceutical industry, food industry, power plant, laboratory, etc. using deionized water, or in the production of sugar liquid, juice, wine, etc. The present invention relates to a desalination chamber structure used in an apparatus.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, an electric deionized water production apparatus for producing deionized water that has been practically used in the past basically has a particle diameter of 0.3 as an ion exchanger in a gap formed by a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane. Filled with ~ 0.5 mm granular ion exchange resin or ion exchange fiber to make a desalination chamber, let the water to be treated pass through the ion exchanger, and let a direct current act through the both ion exchange membranes, Deionized water is produced while electrically removing ions in the water to be treated in the concentrated water flowing outside both ion exchange membranes.
[0003]
FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the conventional typical electric deionized water production apparatus. As shown in FIG. 10, the electric deionized water production apparatus 100 arranges the cation exchange membrane 101 and the anion exchange membrane 102 apart from each other alternately, and within the space formed by the cation exchange membrane 101 and the anion exchange membrane 102. Every other one is filled with a mixed ion exchange resin 103 of a cation exchange resin and an anion exchange resin to form a desalting chamber 104. Further, a portion not filled with the mixed ion exchange resin 103 formed by the anion exchange membrane 102 and the cation exchange membrane 101 located next to each of the desalting chambers 104 is set as a concentration chamber 105 for flowing concentrated water.
[0004]
Moreover, as shown in FIG. 11, the deionization module 106 is formed with the cation exchange membrane 101, the anion exchange membrane 102, and the granular mixed ion exchange resin with which the inside is filled. That is, the deionization module 106 is assembled in a wet state in order to avoid cracking and deformation of the mixed ion exchange resin. Specifically, the cation exchange membrane 101 is placed on one side of the frame body 107 that is hollowed out. Seal and fill the hollowed out portion of the frame body 107 with mixed ion exchange resin, and then seal the anion exchange membrane 102 to the other portion of the frame body 107 with an adhesive or the like to form a so-called sandwich. This is done by forming. In the figure, 108 is a rib.
[0005]
The particle size of the granular mixed ion exchange resin is usually in the range of about 0.3 to 0.5 mm. This is because if the fine particle size is fine, the water flow differential pressure becomes high and cannot be used practically, and if the particle size is large, voids between the particles become wide when filled and the ion removal efficiency deteriorates. .
[0006]
FIG. 10 shows a state in which a plurality of such deionization modules 106 are arranged side by side with a spacer not shown in the figure, and a cathode 109 is provided on one side of the deionization modules 106 arranged side by side. And an anode 110 on the other side. In addition, the position where the above-mentioned spacer is sandwiched is the concentrating chamber 105, and a partition membrane 111 such as a cation exchange membrane, an anion exchange membrane, or a simple diaphragm having no ion exchange properties on both outer sides of the concentrating chamber 105 at both ends as necessary. The portions where the electrodes 109 and 110 that are partitioned by the partition film 111 are in contact with each other are referred to as a cathode chamber 112 and an anode chamber 113, respectively. When the water to be treated is passed through such an electric deionized water production apparatus, impurity ions in the water to be treated are electrically removed, so that the filled ion exchange resin is not regenerated with a chemical solution at all. Deionized water can be obtained continuously.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the conventional electric deionized liquid production apparatus has a complicated structure and requires considerable time and labor for production. In particular, the assembly of the deionization module that forms the desalination chamber must be uniformly filled with a wet ion exchange resin while laminating and bonding a plurality of sandwich-like edges using an adhesive. Requires considerable skill and is difficult to automate. Even when no adhesive is used, it is difficult to handle a wet ion exchange resin. In order to solve these problems, there are some which use ion exchange fibers and make them into sheets or mats and insert them into a desalting chamber. In this case, however, they must always be handled in a wet state. Furthermore, there is a problem that the deionization module having the structure using the frame cannot completely prevent water leakage to the outside of the apparatus. JP-A-8-252579 discloses that a porous structure in which a mixture of a cation exchange resin and an anion exchange resin is bonded using a binder polymer is disposed in a desalting chamber of an electrodialysis apparatus. Although described, even in such an electrodialysis apparatus, separately prepared cation exchange membranes and anion exchange membranes are still arranged on both sides of the porous structure of the desalting chamber. In addition, so-called heterogeneous ion exchange membranes are also known, which are produced by making ion exchange resin into a fine powder and adding a binder polymer applicable thereto, and this heterogeneous ion exchange membrane is an electric deionizing liquid production apparatus. Even in the case of using for the above, it was necessary to separately fill or insert the ion exchanger.
[0008]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a demineralization chamber structure that is simple in structure and easy to manufacture without using a separately manufactured frame or ion exchange membrane while maintaining the conventional deionization efficiency. It is an object of the present invention to provide an electric deionizing liquid production apparatus that can be obtained at a low cost by incorporating this and making the entire apparatus compact.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Under such circumstances, the present inventors returned to the principle of deionization in the electric deionization liquid production apparatus and conducted various studies.As a result, (1) the purpose of the ion exchanger, that is, the ion exchange resin, is to adsorb ions in the treated water. The ion exchange membrane is used for the purpose of moving ions adsorbed by the ion exchange resin to the concentration chamber, and the counter ions in the concentration chamber are not moved to the desalination chamber. Although both the exchanger and the ion exchange membrane have different purposes, the materials are essentially the same. (2) Deionization efficiency is extremely poor when operated under conditions where the ion exchanger is not filled. (3) The portion where the anion exchanger and the cation exchanger are in contact with each other is liable to cause electrolysis of water. ⁺ Ion and OH ^- It is thought that ions are chemically regenerating the ion exchanger. Therefore, from the findings of (1) to (3) above, the anion exchanger and the cation exchanger are solidified by bonding with an adhesive that permeates water or ions, or a solid structure or a porous structure A structure in which an anion exchange group or a cation exchange group is introduced into a product, both sides of the structure are sealed with a sealing polymer agent that does not transmit water or ions, and the surface layer portion of the sealing surface is removed, If one side is exposed to the anion exchanger and the cation exchanger is not exposed, the other side is exposed to the cation exchanger and the anion exchanger is not exposed. Deionization efficiency similar to that of the device can be obtained, and a demineralization chamber structure that is simple in structure and easy to manufacture can be obtained. If this is incorporated into an electric deionized water production device, the entire device is compact. Can be manufactured at low cost It found, such as that, which resulted in the completion of the present invention.
[0010]
That is, the invention according to claim 1 is a desalination chamber structure that is solidified and integrally formed by joining an anion exchanger and a cation exchanger using an adhesive, and the liquid to be treated is distributed. A permeable portion where the anion exchanger and the cation exchanger are in contact with each other, a liquid-permeable sealing portion on one side where the anion exchanger is exposed and the cation exchanger is not exposed, and a cation exchange A desalting chamber structure having a liquid-permeable sealing portion on the other side where the body is exposed and the anion exchanger is not exposed is provided. According to the first aspect of the present invention, the obtained desalination chamber structure has a simple structure, can be easily manufactured without using a frame or an ion exchange membrane, and is suitable for mass production.
[0012]
Also, The present invention (A) The anion exchanger is solidified by joining together using an adhesive, or is formed integrally, or an anion exchange group is introduced into a porous structure, Alternatively, a desalination chamber anion partial structure having a liquid-permeable sealing part on one side where an anion exchanger having an anion-exchange group is exposed and a liquid-passing part on the other side holding a flow path through which the liquid to be treated flows ( B) A cation exchanger or a cation exchange group having a cation exchange group introduced into a porous structure formed by solidifying cation exchangers by bonding with an adhesive A desalination chamber cation partial structure having a liquid-permeable sealing part on one side from which the cation exchanger is exposed and a liquid-passing part on the other side that holds a flow path through which the liquid to be treated flows, (A) The anion substructure of the desalting chamber of Serial and provides a by forming a contact portion of the anion exchanger and the cation exchanger deionization chamber structure by contacting a liquid passage portion to each other of the desalination chamber cationic portion structure (B). This Said In addition to the same effects as the invention, each of the desalting chamber anion or cation partial structure is formed from a single ion exchanger, and the structure is simpler and much easier to manufacture.
[0013]
Also, The present invention (A) The anion exchanger is solidified by joining together using an adhesive, or is formed integrally, or an anion exchange group is introduced into a porous structure, Alternatively, a desalination chamber anion partial structure having a liquid-permeable sealing part on one side where an anion exchanger having an anion-exchange group is exposed and a liquid-passing part on the other side holding a flow path through which the liquid to be treated flows ( C) comprising a cation exchange membrane, and contacting the liquid passage side of the desalting chamber anion partial structure of (A) with the cation exchange membrane of (C) to contact the anion exchanger and the cation exchange membrane. A desalination chamber structure formed by forming a portion is provided. This Said In addition to the same effects as the invention, conventionally used ion exchange membranes can also be used, which widens the scope for manufacturing.
[0014]
Also, The present invention (B) A cation exchanger or a cation exchanger in which a cation exchanger is introduced into a porous structure formed by solidifying cation exchangers using an adhesive, or a porous structure. A desalting chamber cation partial structure having a liquid-permeable sealing part on one side where a cation exchanger having a group is exposed and a liquid-passing part on the other side holding a flow path through which the liquid to be treated flows, and (D) an anion The contact portion of the cation exchanger and the anion exchange membrane is formed by contacting the liquid passage side of the desalting chamber cation partial structure of (B) and the anion exchange membrane of (D). Thus, a desalination chamber structure is provided. This Said The same effects as the invention can be obtained.
[0015]
Also, The present invention Provides the desalination chamber structure according to the invention, wherein the anion exchanger or the cation exchanger introduces ion exchange groups into granular resin, fiber, foam, nonwoven fabric, knitted fabric or woven fabric. This Said In addition to the same effects as the invention, various ion exchangers that have been used in the past can also be used, and there is a wide range of options for manufacturing.
[0016]
Also, The present invention Provides the desalination chamber structure according to the invention, wherein the liquid-permeable sealing in the liquid-permeable sealing part is performed with a sealing polymer agent. Also, The present invention Provides an electric deionized liquid manufacturing apparatus in which the desalting chamber structure and the concentrating chamber spacer are alternately arranged between the cathode and the anode, and the desalting chamber and the concentrating chamber are alternately formed. Thereby, if a direct current is made to act via both liquid-permeable sealing parts, the to-be-processed water which distribute | circulates to the liquid-permeable part will not leak in the concentrated water which has flowed outside the both liquid-permeable sealing parts. The deionized water can be produced while electrically removing ions in the water to be treated. Further, the entire apparatus can be made compact and can be manufactured at low cost.
[0017]
Also, The present invention Is the desalination chamber structure The Without using a concentrating chamber spacer, Multiple The portion formed between the desalination chamber structures is a concentration chamber, and the desalination chamber and the concentration chamber are alternately formed. The concentrating chamber has an anion exchanger formed by contacting an ion exchanger protruding from the other side of the desalting chamber structure and an ion exchanger protruding from one side of the adjacent desalting chamber structure. Forms a contact portion with the cation exchanger and forms a flow path through which the concentrate flows. Providing electric deionized liquid production equipment In addition, the present invention provides a plurality of desalting chamber structures between the cathode and the anode without using a concentrating chamber spacer, and a portion formed between the desalting chamber structures is used as a concentrating chamber. A desalting chamber and a concentrating chamber are alternately formed, and the concentrating chamber is a contact between the ion exchange membrane of the desalting chamber structure and an ion exchanger protruding from one side of the adjacent desalting chamber structure. Provided is an electric deionized liquid production apparatus which forms a contact portion between an anion exchanger and a cation exchange membrane or a cation exchanger and an anion exchange membrane by contact, and forms a flow path through which the concentrate flows. To do. Thereby, the contact part of a cation exchanger and an anion exchanger is formed in the concentration chamber side, the electrical conductivity of concentrated water can be raised, and the voltage between electrodes can be reduced. Therefore, there is no need to bother inserting the mixed ion exchanger into the concentrating chamber as is conventionally done, and labor and the number of steps required for production can be reduced.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A desalination chamber structure according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a part of a desalination chamber structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, the desalting chamber structure 10 a has a liquid passing part 6 occupying another ratio, and one side of the liquid-permeable seal where the anion exchanger 1 corresponding to a conventional anion exchange membrane is exposed and the cation exchanger is not exposed. Part 4 and a liquid-permeable sealing part 5 on the other side where the cation exchanger 2 corresponding to the conventional cation membrane is exposed and the anion exchanger is not exposed, and the entirety is an adhesive (permeating water and ions) And are integrally formed by solidifying by joining using a not-shown). The liquid passing part 6 has a contact part 7 between the anion exchanger 1 and the cation exchanger 2 while holding a flow path through which the water to be treated flows in a downward flow or an upward flow in the drawing. Moreover, the liquid-permeable sealing part 4 on one side is sealed so that only the anion exchanger 1 is exposed by the sealing polymer agent 3 that seals the permeation of water or ions, and the liquid-permeable sealing part 5 on the other side. Is sealed by the sealing polymer agent 3 so that only the cation exchanger 2 is exposed. In addition, when the desalination chamber structure 10a is formed as an electric deionized water production apparatus as will be described later, a portion (usually a desalination chamber structure that is difficult to flow due to the shadow of the electrode due to structural problems). Above or below) occurs. In such a case, the flow path can be formed with an inert material having no ion exchange group in the portion of the desalination chamber structure where current does not easily flow.
[0019]
An example of a method for manufacturing the desalination chamber structure 10a in the first embodiment will be described below. First, one side or the other side liquid-permeable sealing part is produced, respectively. In other words, an anion exchanger that does not transmit water or ions to the anion exchanger is added and mixed, and the anion exchanger protrudes on both sides of the sealant in a plastic state before being dried. It is formed into a thin film having a predetermined shape. Thereafter, the film is dried to obtain a liquid-permeable sealing portion of a film-like solid. Next, in place of the anion exchanger, a cation exchanger is used to obtain a thin membrane-like solid-permeable liquid-permeable portion having a predetermined shape in which the cation exchanger protrudes on both sides of the sealant in the same manner. Next, a predetermined mold is prepared, one dialysis seal is laid on the bottom, a mixed ion exchanger from above, a polyvinyl alcohol polymer compound as an adhesive that permeates water and ions even when solidified, water and A mixture of crosslinker diisocyanates is charged. The other dialysis seal is placed in the state of this mixture being dried, pressed if necessary, then dried and demolded. Finally, the desalination chamber structure 10a is obtained by sealing the side surfaces (surfaces forming the thickness) other than the one side and the other side with an epoxy resin or the like. In the ion exchanger in the desalination chamber structure 10a formed in this way, the anion exchanger 1 on one side and the cation exchanger 2 on the other side are electrically connected via the mixed ion exchanger of the liquid passing part 6. Are bonded so that they can communicate with each other, that is, a good conductor can be formed.
[0020]
Further, the desalting chamber structure 10a can be manufactured without using an adhesive that transmits water or ions as described above. That is, first, an anionic group or a cationic group is introduced into a porous structure (sponge-like) having a predetermined shape. As a method for introducing an anion group or a cation group into the porous structure, a method described in JP-A-5-131120 can be used. That is, after irradiating a porous structure with radiation, a monomer having a cation exchange group, a monomer that can be converted to a cation group, and a monomer having an anion exchange group or a monomer that can be converted to an anion group are porous. This is a method of graft polymerization by contacting with a structure. At that time, an anion exchange group is introduced on one side and a cation exchange group is introduced on the other side. Next, a resin sealant that does not transmit water and ions is applied to one side of the obtained structure, and the resin is structured by pressing the surface with a silicon pressing plate that does not adhere to the resin before the resin is dried and cured. Push inside the body to expose the anion exchanger with anionic groups. Next, a resin sealant that does not transmit water or ions is similarly applied to the other side, and the cation exchanger having a cation group is exposed by the same method.
[0021]
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a part of the desalination chamber structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 2, the desalting chamber anion partial structure 8 has a liquid passing part 6a occupying other proportions, and one side of the liquid permeation where the anion exchanger 1 corresponding to the conventional anion exchange membrane is exposed and the cation exchanger is not exposed. It is comprised with the sealing part 4, and the whole is solidified by joining using the adhesive agent (not shown) which permeate | transmits water and ion, and is integrally formed. The liquid passing part 6a is configured by only the anion exchanger 1 while holding a flow path through which the water to be treated flows in a downward flow or an upward flow in the drawing, and the one side permeable sealing part 4 is made of water or ions. It is sealed so that only the anion exchanger 1 is exposed by the sealing polymer agent 3 that seals permeation. In addition, the desalting chamber cation partial structure 9 is obtained by using the cation exchanger 2 in place of the anion exchanger 1 in the desalination chamber anion partial structure 8, and a liquid passing part 6 b occupying another ratio, The cation exchanger 2 corresponding to the cation exchange membrane is exposed and the liquid-permeable sealing portion 5 on one side where the anion exchanger is not exposed, and the whole is provided with an adhesive (not shown) that allows water and ions to pass therethrough. It is solidified and integrally formed by using and joining. The liquid passing portion 6b is configured by only the cation exchanger 2 while holding a flow path through which the water to be treated flows in a downward flow or an upward flow in the drawing, and the liquid-permeable sealing portion 5 on one side includes water and ions. It is sealed so that only the cation exchanger 2 is exposed by the sealing polymer agent 3 that seals permeation. That is, the desalination chamber structure 10b in the second embodiment is configured such that the desalination chamber anion partial structure 8 and the desalination chamber cation partial structure 9 are matched in the direction of the arrow in FIG. The protruding anion exchanger 101 on the other side of the structure 8 and the protruding cation exchanger 102 on the other side of the desalting chamber cation partial structure 9 are brought into contact with each other. Moreover, side surfaces (surfaces forming thickness) other than one side and the other side are sealed with an epoxy resin or the like. Accordingly, the liquid passing part of the desalting chamber structure 10 b is formed by the liquid passing part 6 a of the desalting chamber anion partial structure 8 and the liquid passing part 6 b of the desalting chamber cation partial structure 9.
[0022]
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a part of a desalination chamber structure according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In the desalination chamber structure according to the third embodiment, only differences from the desalination chamber structure according to the second embodiment will be mainly described. That is, in FIG. 3, the difference between the desalting chamber structure 10 c and the desalting chamber structure 10 b in the second embodiment is that the desalting chamber cation partial structure 9 that contacts the desalting chamber anion partial structure 8. Instead of the above, a cation exchange membrane 11 which has been conventionally used is used. That is, the desalting chamber structure 10c is formed by bringing the protruding anion exchanger 101 on the other side of the desalting chamber anion partial structure 8 into contact with the cation exchange membrane 11. Accordingly, the liquid passing portion 6a of the desalting chamber anion partial structure 8 forms the liquid passing portion of the desalting chamber structure 10c.
[0023]
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a part of a desalination chamber structure according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. In the demineralization chamber structure in the fourth embodiment, only differences from the demineralization chamber structure in the second embodiment will be mainly described. That is, in FIG. 4, the difference between the desalting chamber structure 10 d and the desalting chamber structure 10 b in the second embodiment is that the desalting chamber anion partial structure 8 in contact with the desalting chamber cation partial structure 9. Instead of the above, an anion exchange membrane 12 which is conventionally used is used. That is, the desalting chamber structure 10 d is formed by bringing the protruding anion exchanger 102 on the other side of the desalting chamber anion partial structure 9 into contact with the cation exchange membrane 12. Therefore, the liquid passing portion 6b of the desalting chamber cation partial structure 9 forms a liquid passing portion of the desalting chamber structure 10d.
[0024]
An example of the manufacturing method of the desalinization chamber structure 10b in 2nd Embodiment is shown next. In the desalting chamber structure 10b, the desalting chamber anion partial structure 8 and the desalting chamber cation partial structure 9 are manufactured separately. That is, in order to manufacture the desalting chamber anion partial structure 8, first, commercially available anion exchangers are joined together using a polyvinyl alcohol-based polymer compound as an adhesive. The joining method may follow the method described in JP-A-55-84542. That is, after dissolving polyvinyl alcohol in water and mixing diisocyanate as a cross-linking agent thereto, admixing with an anion exchanger to solidify, solidifying, drying and cutting or cutting into a predetermined shape obtain. Next, a liquid-permeable sealing film is formed on one surface using a sealing polymer agent such as an epoxy resin or a silicon resin that does not transmit water or ions. Examples of the method for forming the liquid-permeable sealing film using the sealing polymer agent include a spray method, a dipping method, and a coating method. Next, a part of the surface layer of the formed liquid-permeable sealing film may be removed by cutting, polishing, or the like, and the liquid-permeable sealing part may be formed so that the anion exchanger is exposed on one side. In the desalination chamber anion partial structure 8, the other side is formed so that the anion exchanger is exposed, but the other side becomes a liquid passing portion, so that the ratio occupied by the anion exchanger increases.
[0025]
Next, a desalting chamber cation partial structure 9 is prepared. The desalting chamber cation partial structure 9 is produced in the same manner as the desalting chamber anion partial structure 8 except that the cation exchanger 2 is used instead of the anion exchanger 1. As a result, a desalting chamber anion partial structure 8 and a desalting chamber cation partial structure 9 are respectively produced, and a liquid passing side 6a of the desalting chamber anion partial structure 8 and a liquid passing through the desalting chamber cation partial structure 9 are prepared. The desalination chamber by contacting the side 6b or by contacting the liquid-passing side 6a, 6b of the desalting chamber anion partial structure 8 or the desalination chamber cation partial structure 9 with the cation membrane 11 or the anion membrane 12, respectively. A structure is obtained. A method of contacting the liquid passing side 6a of the desalting chamber anion partial structure 8 and the liquid passing side 6b of the desalting chamber cation partial structure 9, the desalting chamber anion partial structure 8 or the desalting chamber cation partial structure 9; The method of contacting the liquid flow side 6a or 6b with the cation membrane 11 or the anion membrane 12 is not particularly limited, and a method of simply pressing to form a contact portion between the anion exchanger (membrane) and the cation exchanger (membrane). And a method of forming a contact portion between an anion exchanger (membrane) and a cation exchanger (membrane) by bonding with an adhesive that transmits water and ions. The ion exchanger in the desalting chamber structure 10b formed in this way is such that one anion exchanger 1 and the other cation exchanger 2 are electrically connected via the mixed ion exchanger of the liquid passing part 6. Are bonded so that they can communicate with each other, that is, a good conductor can be formed. Moreover, the desalinization chamber structure 10b can be manufactured without using an adhesive that allows water and ions to pass through, as in the first embodiment.
[0026]
As the cation exchanger or anion exchanger used in the desalination chamber structure of the present invention, known ones can be used. For example, an ion exchange group is introduced into a granular resin, fiber, foam, nonwoven fabric, knitted fabric or woven fabric. And the like. The shape of the desalting chamber structure is not particularly limited, but a rectangular shape is preferable.
[0027]
In the present invention, as an adhesive that transmits water and ions, in addition to the polyvinyl alcohol-based, for example, a styrene-based thermoplastic copolymer; an olefin-based adhesive such as a polypropylene resin or a polyethylene resin; a polytetrafluoroethylene resin, and the like Halogenated polyolefin adhesives can be mentioned, and these can be used alone or in combination of two or more. These adhesives are used by mixing with an organic solvent such as xylene, toluene, methylcyclohexane.
[0028]
In the present invention, the sealing polymer agent may be any substance that seals the porous portion of the ion exchanger and seals the permeation of water and ions. In addition to the epoxy resin or silicon resin, for example, polystyrene, Examples thereof include polyurethane, olefin resin, and inorganic cement material. In the desalination chamber structure of the present invention, the thickness of the liquid-permeable sealing portion corresponding to the thickness of the sealing polymer agent 3 depends on the size of the desalination chamber structure, the use, the type of the sealing polymer agent, and the like. Although different, it corresponds to the thickness of a conventional ion exchange membrane and is usually in the range of 0.2 mm to 3.0 mm.
[0029]
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an example of a desalination chamber structure based on the structure shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, and FIG. 6 is a plan view of the desalination chamber structure of FIG. 5. The desalination chamber structure 30 is a rectangular object, the upper end surface 31b is an inlet (or an outlet for desalted water) of the treated water, and the lower end surface 31a is an outlet (or an inlet for treated water) of the desalted water. It is. 32a is a liquid-permeable sealing part on one side, and 32b is a liquid-permeable sealing part on the other side, and each moves anions or cations to an outer concentration chamber (not shown). The surfaces 33a and 33b that form the thickness are sealing portions through which neither water nor ions pass. An inert part 34 that does not perform ion exchange is formed in the upper part of the desalination chamber structure 30, and is distinguished from 35 that performs ion exchange.
[0030]
Next, the electric deionized water production apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the electric deionized water production apparatus according to the first embodiment. In the pressure vessel main body 41 of the electric deionized water production apparatus 40 of FIG. 7, the demineralization chamber structure 30 and the concentration chamber spacer (not shown) are alternately arranged, and the cathode chamber 47a, the cathode 48a and the anode are on both sides. A chamber 47b and an anode 48b are provided. A concentrated water discharge port 45 is formed above the pressure vessel main body 41, and a deionized water collecting port 42 is formed at the upper end of the pressure vessel main body with a pressure vessel lid 49 having a demineralized water outlet 44. The inert part 34 behind the cathode 48a and the anode 48b is in close contact with the seal part of the pressure vessel body 4 to prevent water leakage to the demineralized water collecting port 42 of the concentrated water. The cathode 48a and the anode 48b are preferably in the form of a stitch structure (expanded metal) so that the generated gas can escape sufficiently.
[0031]
When producing demineralized water (deionized water) with such an electric deionized water production apparatus 40, the operation is as follows. In other words, a direct current is passed between the electrodes 48 to allow the water to be treated to flow from the water inlet 43 to be treated. The treated water that has flowed from the treated water inlet 43 passes through the liquid passing portion of each desalting chamber structure 30 as indicated by the arrow, and impurity ions are removed, and the desalted water passes through the water collecting port 42 and the desalted water outlet 44. Obtained from. At this time, the water to be treated does not permeate into the concentration chamber 46 due to the sealing action of the sealing polymer agent in the liquid-permeable sealing portion on one side or the other side. In addition, the water to be treated which flows from the water to be treated inlet 43 flows through the respective concentration chambers 46 as indicated by the dotted arrows, and the impurity ions moving through the ion exchanger exposed in the two permeable sealing portions are removed. It is received and flows out from the concentrated water outlet 45 as concentrated water in which impurity ions are concentrated. In addition, although the flow path which contact | connects both electrodes is an electrode water flow path and a part of to-be-processed water is used as electrode water in this example, to-be-processed water is not used as electrode water, but the electrode water flow path of another system | strain Can also be formed.
[0032]
According to the electric deionized water production apparatus in the above embodiment, since the impurity ions in the water to be treated are electrically removed by the operation as described above, the deionization similar to the conventional electric deionized water production apparatus is performed. Deionized water can be obtained continuously at an ionic rate, and the device can be easily manufactured and can be made compact.
[0033]
Next, an electric deionized water production apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 9 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an electrical deionized water production apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The electric deionized water production apparatus 20 in FIG. 9 is different from the electric deionized water production apparatus 100 in FIG. 10 in that the above-described demineralization chamber structure is used instead of the conventional demineralization chamber including the ion exchange membrane. It is a point using. That is, in FIG. 9, the electric deionized water production apparatus 20 has the demineralization chamber structure 10a and the concentration chamber spacer (not shown) according to the first embodiment of the present invention alternately arranged between the cathode and the anode. The liquid passage part 6 and the concentration chamber 23 of the desalting chamber structure 10a are alternately formed.
[0034]
When deionized water is produced by such an electric deionized water production apparatus 20, the following operation is performed. That is, the DC water is passed between the cathode 24 and the anode 25, the water to be treated flows from the water inlet A to be treated, the concentrated water flows from the concentrated water inlet B, and the electrode water flows from the electrode water inlets C and D, respectively. Flows in. When the water to be treated which has flowed in from the water inlet A to be treated passes through the liquid passing part of each desalting chamber structure 6 as indicated by the solid line, that is, in the mixed ion exchanger of the anion exchanger and the cation exchanger. Impurity ions are removed and deionized water is obtained from deionized water outlet a. At this time, the water to be treated does not permeate into the concentration chamber 23 due to the sealing action of the sealing polymer agent (not shown) of the liquid-permeable sealing portions 4 and 5 on the one side or the other side. Further, the concentrated water flowing in from the concentrated water inlet B flows down the respective concentration chambers 23 as indicated by dotted arrows, and receives the impurity ions moving through the ion exchanger exposed in both liquid-permeable sealing portions. The electrode water flowing out from the concentrated water outlet b as concentrated water enriched with impurity ions is further discharged from the electrode water outlets c and d. According to the electrical deionized water production apparatus of the second embodiment, the same effects as the electrical deionized water production apparatus of the first embodiment are exhibited.
[0035]
Further, in the electric deionized water production apparatus of the present invention, a plurality of the demineralization chamber structures are stacked without using a concentrating chamber spacer, and are arranged between the cathode and the anode, It is also possible to adopt a structure in which the portion formed in (1) is used as a concentration chamber, and desalting chambers and concentration chambers are alternately formed. In this case, the concentration chamber portion formed between the desalting chamber structures is an ion exchanger protruding from one side of the desalting chamber structure adjacent to the ion exchanger protruding from the other side of the desalting chamber structure. To form a contact portion between the anion exchanger and the cation exchanger, and to form a flow path through which the concentrate flows. In the above description, production of deionized water has been mainly described as an example, but the present invention can also be used for deionization in various liquids such as sugar liquid and wine.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
The invention according to claim 1 is simple in structure because it does not require a frame for forming a conventional ion exchange membrane or deionization module. Moreover, the troublesome work of filling the ion exchanger under wet conditions in order to produce a conventional deionization module can be omitted, and the production is easy. . Contract Claim 2 The described invention has the same effect as the invention of the first aspect, and the desalting chamber anion portion or cation partial structure is formed from a single ion exchanger, and the structure is simple and manufactured. Is much easier. Claim 3 And claims 4 The described invention is claimed. 2 In addition to the same effects as the described invention, conventionally used ion exchange membranes can also be used, which increases the scope for manufacturing. Claim 5 The invention described in claim 1 to claim 1 4 In addition to the same effects as the described invention, various conventionally used ion exchangers can also be used, which increases the range of options for manufacturing. Claim 6 The described invention has the same effect as the first invention. Claim 7 In the described invention, since the desalination chamber structure can be handled as a solid material, the device can be easily manufactured, and the entire device can be made compact and inexpensively manufactured. Claim 8 and In the invention described in Item 9, it is not necessary to bother inserting the mixed ion exchanger into the concentrating chamber as is conventionally done, and the labor and the number of steps required for production can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a part of a desalination chamber structure in a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a part of a desalting chamber structure in a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a part of a desalination chamber structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a part of a desalination chamber structure according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a desalting chamber structure having the desalting chamber structure of FIGS.
6 is a plan view of FIG. 5. FIG.
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the electric deionized water production apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a plan view of FIG. 7. FIG.
FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electric deionized water production apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional electric deionized water production apparatus.
FIG. 11 shows an assembly drawing of a deionization module used in a conventional electric deionized water production apparatus.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Anion exchanger
2 Cation exchanger
3 Sealing polymer agent
4 Liquid-permeable sealing part on one side
5 Liquid permeation seal on the other side
6, 6a, 6b, 104 Fluid passage (demineralization chamber)
7 Contact area
8 Desalination chamber anion partial structure
9 Desalination chamber cation partial structure
10a to 10d, 30 Desalination chamber structure
11, 101 Cation exchange membrane
12, 102 anion exchange membrane
20, 40, 100 Electric deionized water production equipment
21, 47a, 112 Cathode chamber
22, 47b, 113 Anode chamber
23, 46, 105 Concentration chamber
24, 48a, 109 cathode
25, 48b, 110 anode
41 Pressure vessel body
42 Demineralized water collector
43, A Untreated water inlet
44, a Deionized water outlet
45, b Concentrated water outlet
49 Pressure vessel lid
106 Deionization module
107 frame
108 ribs
111 Partition membrane
B Concentrated water inlet
C, D Electrode water inlet
c, d Electrode water outlet

Claims

A desalination chamber structure that is integrally formed by solidifying by joining an anion exchanger and a cation exchanger using an adhesive, and holds the flow path through which the liquid to be treated flows, and the anion exchange A liquid passing part having a contact part between the body and the cation exchanger, a liquid-permeable sealing part on one side where the anion exchanger is exposed and the cation exchanger is not exposed, and the anion exchanger is exposed when the cation exchanger is exposed. A desalting chamber structure having a liquid-permeable sealing portion on the other side.

(A) Anion exchangers that are solidified by joining together using an adhesive, or an anion exchange group introduced into a porous structure, the anion exchanger or anion A desalination chamber anion partial structure having a liquid-permeable sealing part on one side from which an anion exchanger having an exchange group is exposed and a liquid-flowing part on the other side holding a flow path through which the liquid to be treated flows; (B) A cation exchanger or a cation exchange group having a cation exchange group having a cation exchange group introduced into a porous structure formed by solidifying by joining together cation exchangers using an adhesive A desalination chamber cation partial structure having a liquid-permeable sealing part on one side where the body is exposed and a liquid-passing part on the other side holding a flow path through which the liquid to be treated flows. The salt chamber anion partial structure and the above Desalting cation substructures liquid passage portion to each other by forming a contact portion of the anion exchanger and the cation exchanger by abutting the desalting compartment structure of B).

(A) Anion exchangers that are solidified by joining together using an adhesive, or an anion exchange group introduced into a porous structure, the anion exchanger or anion A desalination chamber anion partial structure having a liquid-permeable sealing part on one side where an anion exchanger having an exchange group is exposed and a liquid-passing part on the other side holding a flow path through which the liquid to be treated flows; (C) A contact portion of the anion exchanger and the cation exchange membrane by contacting the cation exchange membrane of (C) with the liquid passing portion side of the desalting chamber anion partial structure of (A). Desalination chamber structure formed.

(B) A cation exchanger or a cation exchange group introduced into a porous structure formed by solidifying by joining cation exchangers together using an adhesive, A desalination chamber cation partial structure having a liquid-permeable sealing portion on one side from which the cation exchanger to be exposed and a liquid passage portion on the other side holding a flow path through which the liquid to be treated flows, and (D) an anion exchange membrane And a contact portion between the cation exchanger and the anion exchange membrane is formed by contacting the liquid passage portion side of the desalting chamber cation partial structure of (B) and the anion exchange membrane of (D). A desalination chamber structure.

The desalination chamber according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the anion exchanger or the cation exchanger is obtained by introducing an ion exchange group into a granular resin, fiber, foam, nonwoven fabric, knitted fabric or woven fabric. Structure.

The desalination chamber structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the liquid-permeable sealing portion is sealed with a sealing polymer agent.

An electric deionized liquid manufacturing method in which the demineralization chamber structure and the concentration chamber spacer according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are alternately arranged between the cathode and the anode, and the demineralization chamber and the concentration chamber are alternately formed. apparatus.

The desalting compartment structure according to claim 1 or 2, arranged a plurality, a portion formed between said desalination chamber structure as a concentrate chamber between a cathode and an anode without the use of a concentrating compartment spacer, A desalting chamber and a concentrating chamber are alternately formed , and the concentrating chamber includes ions that protrude from one side of the desalting chamber structure adjacent to the ion exchanger that protrudes from the other side of the desalting chamber structure. the contact between the exchanger will form a contact portion between the anion exchanger and the cation exchanger, and concentrate electrodeionization solution producing apparatus that form a flow path for circulation.

A plurality of desalination chamber structures according to claim 3 or 4 are arranged between a cathode and an anode without using a concentration chamber spacer, and a portion formed between the desalination chamber structures is used as a concentration chamber. A desalting chamber and a concentrating chamber are alternately formed, and the concentrating chamber is a contact between the ion exchange membrane of the desalting chamber structure and an ion exchanger protruding from one side of the adjacent desalting chamber structure. An electrical deionized liquid production apparatus that forms a flow path through which a concentrated liquid flows by forming a contact portion between an anion exchanger and a cation exchange membrane or a cation exchanger and an anion exchange membrane by contact.