JP4107061B2 - Pump drive - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a horizontal or vertical pump drive device used for drainage and pumping of rainwater for, for example, water and sewage systems, rivers, and agriculture.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As an example of a reduction gear for a large capacity vertical shaft used for drainage or pumping, there is one described in Patent Document 1, for example. A reduction gear is directly connected to the pump, and an electric motor is further directly connected to the reduction gear. Yes. Moreover, as a well-known example in which an electric motor and a speed reducer are integrally formed, for example, there is one described in Patent Document 2.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-9346 [Patent Document 2]
JP 2000-297851 A
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the conventional pump speed reducer does not consider the following points.
That is, in the pump speed reducer described in Patent Document 1 in which the electric motor and the speed reducer are separately installed, the installation space is widened. Moreover, in the multipolar electric motor directly connected to the pump described in Patent Document 2, the mass of the equipment increases. On the other hand, if the winding type motor is used, the starting current is reduced, but the winding type motor has a large shape, is complicated to maintain, and is expensive, resulting in an increase in the cost of the entire apparatus.
[0005]
An object of the present invention is to provide a pump drive device that can save space.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a pump drive device that is lightweight, excellent in maintainability, and capable of reducing costs.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a pump drive device according to the present invention includes an electric motor including a rotor and a stator, a speed reducer that reduces the rotational speed of the electric motor, and a pump connected to the pump for transmitting the power of the electric motor. In a pump drive device installed in a pump station connected to a pump used for drainage and pumping of rainwater for water and sewage, rivers, agriculture, etc., the output shaft is connected to the rotor. A first output shaft composed of a fixed hollow shaft and a solid shaft inserted into the hollow shaft; and a reduction gear that reduces the rotational speed of the solid shaft to a predetermined rotational speed of the pump. And a second output shaft connected to the solid shaft, and a clutch for turning on / off the transmission of power from the hollow shaft to the solid shaft in the first output shaft is provided, Front to the end of the solid shaft opposite the clutch Reduction gear is connected, the clutch is provided between the in the end of the real axis and an end portion of the hollow shaft, lower than the rated before the hollow shaft reaches the rated rotational speed after starting of the motor rotation When the speed is reached, power transmission from the hollow shaft to the hollow shaft is started.
More preferably, the said clutch and reduction gear are those which are oppositely disposed on both sides of the electric motor and the electric motor in the center.
[0007]
In order to achieve the above object, a pump drive apparatus according to the present invention includes an electric motor including a rotor and a stator, a speed reducer that reduces the rotational speed of the electric motor, and a pump that is connected to the pump and transmits power of the electric motor. On and off the transmission of power in a pump drive unit installed in a pump station connected to a pump used for drainage and pumping of rainwater for water and sewage, rivers, agriculture, etc. A clutch is provided in the electric motor via the speed reducer, and the output shaft extends from the electric motor to transmit power to the speed reducer and a hollow shaft to transmit power from the speed reducer to the clutch a first output shaft composed of a, is composed of a second output shaft through the inside of the in air shaft from the clutch, the clutch, the second output shaft and the end portion of the hollow shaft Between the end of the Serial motor the hollow shaft after starting the is configured as power transmission to the second output shaft is started from the hollow shaft when it reaches the lower rotational speed than the rated before reaching the rated speed, the The electric motor and the clutch are disposed on the upper surface of the speed reducer, or the clutch is disposed on the upper surface of the speed reducer and the electric motor is disposed on a side surface of the speed reducer.
More preferably, the motor is a four- to eight-pole three-phase induction cage or a synchronous motor.
[0008]
Furthermore, in order to achieve the above object, a pump drive device according to the present invention includes an electric motor including a rotor and a stator, a speed reducer that reduces the rotational speed of the electric motor, a pump connected to the pump, A pump drive device installed in a pump station connected to a pump used for drainage and pumping of rainwater for water and sewage, rivers, agriculture, etc., and the electric motor has a low voltage It is composed of a three-phase induction cage of 4 to 8 poles with a reduced voltage starting method that starts by reducing and increasing the voltage, and the output shaft is inserted into the hollow shaft fixed to the rotor and the hollow shaft A second output connected to the solid shaft via a first output shaft composed of the solid shaft and a speed reducer that reduces the rotational speed of the solid shaft to a predetermined rotational speed of the pump. An output shaft, the first output Clutch is provided for turning on and off the transmission of power to,
The electric motor, the clutch and the speed reducer are housed in a package, the hollow shaft protrudes on both sides from the electric motor, and both sides thereof are rotatably supported on the package via bearings, and the clutch is Provided between the end of the solid shaft and the end of the hollow shaft, and from the hollow shaft when the rotational speed reaches a lower speed than the rated speed before the hollow shaft reaches the rated rotational speed after starting the motor. The solid shaft is configured by a centrifugal clutch in which power transmission to the hollow shaft is started. One end of the solid shaft is supported on the hollow shaft via a bearing, and the other end is supported on the package via a bearing. One side of the speed reducer is connected to the other end of the solid shaft facing the centrifugal clutch with the electric motor at the center, and the second output shaft is connected to the other side of the speed reducer And the first output shaft It is disposed on the axis in which it has been linked.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows an example in which a vertical shaft pump including a pump drive device according to the present invention is installed in a pump station. FIG. 2 is a sectional view of an embodiment according to the pump drive device of the present invention.
[0010]
First, the schematic configuration of the pump station will be briefly described with reference to FIG. A pump P (vertical shaft pump in the illustrated example) is installed on the floor F1 of the pump station, and a pump driving device 1 for driving the pump P is installed on the floor F2 above the floor F1. In the pump station having such a configuration, the water in the water absorption tank T located below the floor F1 is pumped by the pump P and drained to a target discharge tank (not shown).
[0011]
Accordingly, it is clear that the pump drive device 1 preferably has a small installation space, that is, space saving, light weight, and excellent maintainability. Such a pump drive device is desired. It is rare. Moreover, the floor structure can be constructed more simply by reducing the weight.
[0012]
The pump drive device of the present invention satisfies these requirements and will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
In FIG. 2, the schematic configuration of the pump drive device 1 includes an electric motor 10, a clutch 20, and a reduction gear 30, and these devices are in a package 40 (in this embodiment, divided into packages 40 a, 40 b, and 40 c). It is stored in.
[0013]
Specifically, the electric motor 10 is applied to a horizontal shaft or vertical shaft pump, and a cage or synchronous motor can be used (hereinafter, the cage motor is taken as an example). In the electric motor 10, a hollow shaft 13 a constituting one of the first output shafts 13 is fixed to the rotor 12 among the stator 11 and the rotor 12. Both ends of the hollow shaft 13a are rotatably supported on the package 40b via bearings 14a and 14b. A solid shaft 13b constituting the other of the first output shaft 13 is inserted into the hollow shaft 13a, and the solid shaft 13b and the hollow shaft 13a are centrifugally turned on and off to transmit power. It is connected via a clutch 20 (which may be a hydraulic clutch or a fluid coupling). The centrifugal clutch 20 preferably has a characteristic that power is transmitted when the rotational speed reaches about 80 to 90% of the rated value, and is completely transmitted at a rotational speed of 100%.
[0014]
A fan 15 cools the electric motor 10 and the centrifugal clutch 20, and is attached to the hollow shaft 13a. A bearing 16a is interposed at one end portion between the hollow shaft 13a and the solid shaft 13b, and is supported so that the solid shaft 13b and the hollow shaft 13a are rotatable with respect to each other. The other end of the solid shaft 13b is rotatably supported on the package 40c by bearings 16b and 16c. The lower end of the solid shaft 13b facing the centrifugal clutch 20 with the electric motor 10 in the center is connected to one side of a planetary gear type speed reducer 30 that decelerates to a predetermined rotational speed. . A second output shaft 17 is coaxially arranged with and connected to the other side of the speed reducer 30 with the tenth output shaft 13. Therefore, the power of the electric motor 10 is transmitted to the second output shaft 17 via the speed reducer 30. 18a is a bearing that supports the radial force of the second output shaft 17, and 18b is a bearing that supports the thrust force of the second output shaft 17, and is supported by the package 40c. Reference numeral 19 denotes a lubricating oil, which mainly lubricates the speed reducer 30 and therefore stays in the lowermost tank package 40c where the speed reducer 30 is located.
[0015]
In the above configuration, the power generated by the electric motor 10 is transmitted to the first output shaft 13, decelerated from the first output shaft 13, and further transmitted to the second output shaft 17. The centrifugal clutch 20 turns on and transmits power when the rotational speed of the hollow shaft 13a reaches 80 to 90% of the rated value (during pump operation).
[0016]
3 and 4 show the starting characteristics of a conventional pump driving device and the starting characteristics of the driving device according to the present invention, respectively, when a cage motor is used.
FIG. 3 shows the current I and the torque Tr specific to the motor in relation to the rotational speed when there is no conventional clutch, that is, when the pump P is directly connected to the cage motor.
[0017]
First, the starting characteristic unique to the cage motor shown by the solid line will be described. I (100% voltage) of the electric motor 10 indicates current at 100% voltage, Tr (100% voltage) indicates torque at 100% voltage, and I and Tr at the start of the cage motor are respectively in steady operation, that is, It is understood that the rotational speed is increased to about 400% or 200% of 100%.
[0018]
Next, in the case of starting with a reduced voltage system, that is, I (reduced voltage) and Tr in the case of starting with a so-called reduced voltage system, in which the voltage is reduced to a voltage smaller than 100% and then the voltage is gradually increased to 100% voltage. (Voltage reduction) will be described with a dashed line.
When starting at 100% voltage, the starting current increases to about 400% or more of the current during steady operation. For example, when the capacity of the transformer of the power supply is small, the voltage drops and the flickering of the lamp or the electromagnetic control device The magnetic force may weaken, causing malfunctions such as malfunctions. In order to suppress the starting current, it is necessary to adopt a voltage reduction method and reduce the influence on other devices.
[0019]
When the pump P is connected to the drive device 1 and the start-up is performed by the reduced voltage method, the rotational speed is increased to the intersection A between the torque Tr (P) of the pump P indicated by the broken line and the torque Tr ₁ (reduced voltage 1) of the electric motor 10 Raise. Thereafter, the voltage is switched to 100% voltage, and the intersection point B between the torque Tr (100% voltage) of the electric motor 10 and the torque Tr (P) of the pump P, that is, the rotation speed is 100%. Further, for example, when the pressure Tr is started at a reduced pressure with the torque Tr ₂ (reduced voltage 2) in order to suppress the starting current to a lower level, the intersection with the torque Tr (P) of the pump P becomes C, and the speed increase width becomes larger. If this speed increase width exceeds a predetermined value, starting becomes difficult or impossible. As a countermeasure, it is necessary to use a wire-wound motor, which increases the cost of the driving device.
[0020]
FIG. 4 shows the starting characteristics of the drive device according to the present invention, and shows the relationship between the torque Tr ₁ (reduced voltage 1) and torque Tr ₂ (reduced voltage 2) of the motor and the rotational speed.
Torque Tr (P ′) indicated by a broken line in the figure indicates torque when the clutch 20 is turned off, that is, when starting with a load of only the hollow shaft 13a (a state close to no load). Thus, the case of torque Tr ₂ (reduced voltage 2) will be described. An intersection C between the torque Tr (P ′) and the torque Tr ₂ (reduced voltage 2) of the electric motor 10 is a rotation speed close to about 100%. At this time, when the voltage is switched to 100% and the clutch 20 is turned on, the intersection of the torque Tr (P ′) by the pump P and the torque Tr (100% voltage) of the electric motor 10 becomes B, and at the intersection B, 100 %, The speed increase range becomes smaller. Therefore, it can start in the state which suppressed the electric current at the time of starting. The intersection point D indicates an intersection point with the torque Tr (100% voltage) when the clutch 20 is in the off state.
[0021]
According to the present embodiment, the electric motor, the clutch, and the transmission are accommodated in the package, so that the size is reduced and the space can be saved.
Further, according to the present embodiment, the current at start-up is small, so that a 4- to 8-pole three-phase induction cage type or synchronous motor can be used, which is lightweight, excellent in maintainability, and can reduce costs.
[0022]
FIG. 5 is a side view of another embodiment of the pump driving apparatus according to the present invention, which is partially shown in cross section.
Only differences from the above embodiment will be described. A clutch 20 for turning on / off the transmission of power is provided in the electric motor 10 via a reduction gear 50 using spur gears 50a, 50b, and is disposed on the upper surface (upper side) of the reduction gear 50. The electric motor 10 is also arranged on the upper surface (upper side) of the speed reducer 50. The output shaft of the electric motor 10 is connected to the first output shaft 21 from the electric motor 10 to the clutch 20 via the speed reducer 50, and the clutch. 20 and a second output shaft 22 passing through the first output shaft 21. That is, the output shaft 21 from the electric motor 10 to the spur gear 50a is a solid shaft, the output shaft 21 from the spur gear 50b to the clutch 20 is a hollow shaft, and the second output shaft 22 from the clutch 20 is a solid shaft. It is formed with.
According to the present embodiment, the same effect as the above embodiment can be obtained, but it is effective when the height is limited because the height is lowered.
[0023]
FIG. 6 is a side view of still another embodiment of the pump drive device of the present invention, which is partially shown in cross section.
Only differences from the above embodiment will be described. The clutch 20 is provided in the electric motor 10 via the speed reducer 60 with bevel gears 60 a and 60 b, and is disposed on the upper surface (upper side) of the speed reducer 60. The electric motor 10 is disposed on a side surface of the speed reducer 60, and the output shaft of the electric motor 10 includes a first output shaft 21 from the electric motor 10 to the clutch 20 via the speed reducer 60, and a first output from the clutch 20. And a second output shaft 22 passing through the output shaft 21. That is, the output shaft 21 from the electric motor 10 to the spur gear 60a is a solid shaft, the output shaft 21 from the spur gear 60b to the clutch 20 is a hollow shaft, and the second output shaft 22 from the clutch 20 is a solid shaft. It is formed with.
According to the present embodiment, the same effect as the above embodiment can be obtained, but it is effective when the height is limited because the height is lowered.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
According to the pump driving device of the present invention, it becomes compact, with space saving can be achieved, excellent lightweight and maintenance, thereby the cost reduction and space saving.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows an example in which a vertical shaft pump including a pump drive device according to the present invention is installed in a pump station.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a pump drive device according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows a starting characteristic of a conventional pump driving device equipped with a cage motor.
FIG. 4 shows the starting characteristics of a pump drive device provided with a cage motor according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a side view of another embodiment of the pump drive device of the present invention, partly in cross section.
FIG. 6 is a side view of still another embodiment of the pump drive device of the present invention, partly in cross section.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Pump drive device 10 ... Electric motor, 11 ... Stator, 12 ... Rotor, 13 ... 1st output shaft, 13a ... Hollow shaft, 13b ... Solid shaft, 14a, 14b, 16a, 16b, 16c, 18a , 18b ... bearing, 17 ... second output shaft, 19 ... lubricating oil, 20 ... clutch, 30, 50, 60 ... speed reducer, 40 ... package, 50a, 50b ... spur gear, 60a, 60b ... bevel gear.

Claims (5)

An electric motor including a rotor and a stator, a speed reducer that reduces the rotational speed of the electric motor, and an output shaft that is connected to a pump and transmits the power of the electric motor, and is used for rainwater for water and sewerage, rivers, agriculture, etc. In the pump drive unit installed in the pump station connected to the pump used for drainage and pumping,
The output shaft has a first output shaft composed of a hollow shaft fixed to the rotor and a solid shaft inserted into the hollow shaft, and the rotational speed of the solid shaft is determined by a predetermined pump speed. A second output shaft connected to the solid shaft via a speed reducer that decelerates to a rotational speed;
A clutch for turning on and off the transmission of power from the hollow shaft to the solid shaft in the first output shaft is provided, and the speed reducer is connected to an end of the solid shaft on the side opposite to the clutch;
The clutch is provided between an end portion of the solid shaft and an end portion of the hollow shaft, and when the rotation speed lower than a rated speed is reached after the hollow shaft reaches a rated speed after the motor is started. A pump drive device, wherein power transmission from the hollow shaft to the solid shaft is started.   2. The pump drive device according to claim 1, wherein the clutch and the speed reducer are disposed opposite to both sides of the electric motor with the electric motor at the center. 3. An electric motor including a rotor and a stator, a speed reducer that reduces the rotational speed of the electric motor, and an output shaft that is connected to a pump and transmits the power of the electric motor, and is used for rainwater for water and sewerage, rivers, agriculture, etc. In the pump drive unit installed in the pump station connected to the pump used for drainage and pumping,
A clutch for turning on / off the transmission of power is provided in the electric motor via the speed reducer,
The output shaft extends from the electric motor and transmits a power to the speed reducer, a first output shaft composed of a hollow shaft that transmits power from the speed reducer to the clutch, and the clutch is composed of a second output shaft through the inside of the during the air shaft,
The clutch is provided between an end portion of the hollow shaft and an end portion of the second output shaft, and reaches a rotational speed lower than a rated speed before the hollow shaft reaches a rated rotational speed after starting the electric motor. A power transmission from the hollow shaft to the second output shaft is started at a time,
The pump drive characterized in that the electric motor and the clutch are arranged on an upper surface of the speed reducer, or the clutch is arranged on an upper surface of the speed reducer and the electric motor is arranged on a side surface of the speed reducer. apparatus.   4. The pump drive device according to claim 1, wherein the electric motor is a four- to eight-pole three-phase induction cage or a synchronous motor. An electric motor including a rotor and a stator, a speed reducer that reduces the rotational speed of the electric motor, and an output shaft that is connected to a pump and transmits the power of the electric motor, and is used for rainwater for water and sewerage, rivers, agriculture, etc. In the pump drive unit installed in the pump station connected to the pump used for drainage and pumping,
The electric motor is composed of a three-phase induction cage of 4 to 8 poles of a reduced voltage starting system that starts by reducing to a low voltage and operates by increasing the voltage.
The output shaft comprises a first output shaft composed of a hollow shaft fixed to the rotor and a solid shaft inserted into the hollow shaft, and the rotational speed of the solid shaft is determined according to a predetermined pump speed. A second output shaft connected to the solid shaft via a speed reducer that decelerates to a rotational speed;
The first output shaft is provided with a clutch for turning power transmission on and off,
The electric motor, the clutch and the speed reducer are housed in a package,
The hollow shaft protrudes on both sides from the electric motor, and both sides of the hollow shaft are rotatably supported on the package via bearings.
The clutch is provided between an end portion of the solid shaft and an end portion of the hollow shaft, and when the rotation speed lower than a rated speed is reached after the hollow shaft reaches a rated speed after the motor is started. It is composed of a centrifugal clutch in which power transmission from the hollow shaft to the solid shaft is started,
One end of the solid shaft is supported on the hollow shaft via a bearing, and the other end is supported on the package via a bearing,
One side of the speed reducer is connected to the other end of the solid shaft facing the centrifugal clutch with the electric motor at the center,
The pump output device according to claim 1, wherein the second output shaft is disposed on the other side of the speed reducer and is coaxially disposed with the first output shaft.

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